EP3390115B1 - Assemblage pour pneumatique comprenant des tissu(s) ou tricot(s) comprenant des éléments filaires pré-encollés - Google Patents

Assemblage pour pneumatique comprenant des tissu(s) ou tricot(s) comprenant des éléments filaires pré-encollés Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP3390115B1
EP3390115B1 EP16825850.7A EP16825850A EP3390115B1 EP 3390115 B1 EP3390115 B1 EP 3390115B1 EP 16825850 A EP16825850 A EP 16825850A EP 3390115 B1 EP3390115 B1 EP 3390115B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
threadlike
woven
knitted fabric
revolution
fabric
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP16825850.7A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3390115A1 (fr
Inventor
Sébastien RIGO
Florian VILCOT
Nicole Dajoux
Magaly BROUSSEAU
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Compagnie Generale des Etablissements Michelin SCA
Original Assignee
Compagnie Generale des Etablissements Michelin SCA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Compagnie Generale des Etablissements Michelin SCA filed Critical Compagnie Generale des Etablissements Michelin SCA
Publication of EP3390115A1 publication Critical patent/EP3390115A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3390115B1 publication Critical patent/EP3390115B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
    • B60C9/00—Reinforcements or ply arrangement of pneumatic tyres
    • B60C9/02—Carcasses
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D30/00—Producing pneumatic or solid tyres or parts thereof
    • B29D30/02—Solid tyres ; Moulds therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D30/00—Producing pneumatic or solid tyres or parts thereof
    • B29D30/06—Pneumatic tyres or parts thereof (e.g. produced by casting, moulding, compression moulding, injection moulding, centrifugal casting)
    • B29D30/08—Building tyres
    • B29D30/20—Building tyres by the flat-tyre method, i.e. building on cylindrical drums
    • B29D30/24—Drums
    • B29D30/242—Drums for manufacturing substantially cylindrical tyre components without cores or beads, e.g. treads or belts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D30/00—Producing pneumatic or solid tyres or parts thereof
    • B29D30/06—Pneumatic tyres or parts thereof (e.g. produced by casting, moulding, compression moulding, injection moulding, centrifugal casting)
    • B29D30/38—Textile inserts, e.g. cord or canvas layers, for tyres; Treatment of inserts prior to building the tyre
    • B29D30/40—Chemical pretreatment of textile inserts before building the tyre
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
    • B60C7/00—Non-inflatable or solid tyres
    • B60C7/10—Non-inflatable or solid tyres characterised by means for increasing resiliency
    • B60C7/14—Non-inflatable or solid tyres characterised by means for increasing resiliency using springs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
    • B60C7/00—Non-inflatable or solid tyres
    • B60C7/10—Non-inflatable or solid tyres characterised by means for increasing resiliency
    • B60C7/14—Non-inflatable or solid tyres characterised by means for increasing resiliency using springs
    • B60C7/146—Non-inflatable or solid tyres characterised by means for increasing resiliency using springs extending substantially radially, e.g. like spokes

Definitions

  • the subject of the invention is an assembly for a tire, a tire, a method of manufacturing an assembly for a tire and a method of manufacturing a tire.
  • the invention relates to the field of tires intended to equip vehicles.
  • the tire is preferably designed for passenger vehicles, but can be used on any other type of vehicle such as two-wheeled vehicles, heavy vehicles, agricultural, civil engineering or airplanes or, more generally, on any device rolling.
  • a conventional tire is a toric structure, intended to be mounted on a rim, pressurized by an inflation gas and crushed on a ground under the action of a load.
  • the tire has at every point of its rolling surface, intended to come into contact with a ground, a double curvature: a circumferential curvature and a meridian curvature.
  • circumferential curvature is meant a curvature in a circumferential plane, defined by a circumferential direction, tangent to the rolling surface of the tire in the rolling direction of the tire, and a radial direction, perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the tire.
  • meridian curvature is meant a curvature in a meridian or radial plane, defined by an axial direction, parallel to the axis of rotation of the tire, and a radial direction, perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the tire.
  • the expression “radially interior, respectively radially exterior” means “closer, respectively farther from the axis of rotation of the tire”.
  • the expression “axially interior, respectively axially exterior” means “closer, respectively farther from the equatorial plane of the tire”, the equatorial plane of the tire being the plane passing through the middle of the tire rolling surface and perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the tire.
  • the flattening of the tire on a horizontal ground, in a circumferential plane and in a meridian plane is conditioned by the values of the radii of curvature, respectively circumferential and meridian, at the points of the rolling surface positioned at limits of the area of contact of the tire with the ground.
  • This flattening is all the easier when these radii of curvature are large, that is to say that the curvatures are small, the curvature at a point, in the mathematical sense, being the inverse of the radius of curvature.
  • the flattening of the tire impacts the performance of the tire, in particular rolling resistance, grip, wear and noise.
  • a conventional tire of the state of the art generally has a large meridian curvature, that is to say a small radius of meridian curvature, at the axial ends of the tread, called shoulders, when the tire is mounted on its mounting rim and inflated to its recommended operating pressure, is subject to its service load.
  • the mounting rim, working pressure and service load are defined by standards, such as, for example, the standards of the European Tire and Rim Technical Organization (ETRTO).
  • a conventional tire carries the load applied, essentially by the axial ends of the tread, or shoulders, and by the sidewalls connecting the tread to beads ensuring the mechanical connection of the tire with its mounting rim. It is known that a meridian flattening of a conventional tire, with a small meridian curvature at the shoulders, is generally difficult to obtain.
  • the document US 4235270 describes a tire having an annular body of elastomeric material, comprising a radially outer cylindrical part, at the periphery of the tire, which may include a tread, and a radially inner cylindrical part, intended to be mounted on a rim.
  • a plurality of walls, spaced in the circumferential direction, extend from the radially inner cylindrical part to the radially outer cylindrical part, and carry the load.
  • sidewalls can connect the two cylindrical parts respectively radially inner and radially outer, to form, in association with the tread and the sidewalls, a closed cavity and thus allow the pressurization of the tire.
  • such a tire has a high mass, compared to a conventional tire, and, because of its massive nature, is capable of dissipating high energy, which can limit its endurance, and therefore its lifespan.
  • the document WO 2009087291 describes a pneumatic structure comprising two annular ferrules, respectively internal, or radially internal, and external, or radially external, connected by two sidewalls and by a support structure.
  • the supporting structure is pressurized and shares the annular volume the tire in a plurality of compartments or cells, and the sidewalls are linked or integrated into the support structure.
  • the applied load is carried by both the supporting structure and the sides.
  • the pressure distribution in the contact area is not homogeneous in the axial width of the contact area, with overpressures at the shoulders due to the difficulty of laying flat meridian due to the connection between the sides and the supporting structure. These overpressures at the shoulders are likely to generate significant wear of the shoulders of the tread.
  • the document WO 2005007422 describes an adaptive wheel comprising an adaptive strip and a plurality of spokes extending radially inward from the adaptive strip to a hub.
  • the adaptive tape is intended to adapt to the contact surface with a ground and to wrap obstacles.
  • the spokes transmit the load carried between the adaptive band and the hub, thanks to the tensioning of the spokes which are not in contact with the ground.
  • Such an adaptive wheel requires an optimization of the distribution of the spokes to guarantee a substantially cylindrical periphery.
  • an adaptive wheel has a relatively high mass compared to a conventional tire.
  • the present invention aims to provide an assembly for a tire allowing improved flattening of the tread, when the tire is subjected to a load.
  • the principle of an assembly for a tire according to the invention is to have a supporting structure comprising carrying elements connecting the first and second fabric (s) or knitted fabric (s), and capable, once the assembly is arranged in the tire , to carry the load applied to the tire by the tensioning of part of the load-bearing elements positioned outside the contact area, the load-bearing elements positioned in the contact area being subjected to buckling because subjected to a force compression and therefore not participating in the carrying of the applied load.
  • the method according to the invention it is avoided to modify the geometric properties of the assembly during the heat treatment step making it possible to crosslink each first and second adhesive composition.
  • it is avoided to modify the geometric properties of the assembly during the heat treatment step making it possible to crosslink each first and second adhesive composition.
  • the wire elements coated with an adhesive composition there is a variation in their length but also in their mechanical properties, in particular in elongation.
  • the steps of individual coating and individual heat treatment of each first and second wire element being carried out before the step of forming the assembly, the individual geometric properties of each first and second element are modified wireframe before the assembly forming step, assembly step which is carried out taking into account the variations undergone by each wire element.
  • the expected operation of the tire assembly is obtained.
  • the assembly includes first and second fabrics.
  • the assembly includes first and second knits.
  • the assembly includes a fabric and a knitting.
  • the first fabric or knitted fabric consists of one or more first wire elements.
  • the second fabric or knitted fabric consists of one or more second wire elements.
  • the support structure comprises a plurality of identical support elements, that is to say the geometrical characteristics and the constituent materials are identical.
  • the load-bearing elements are arranged so that they are two by two not mechanically linked in a space delimited by the first and second fabric (s) or knitted fabric (s).
  • the load-bearing elements have independent mechanical behaviors.
  • the load-bearing elements are not linked together so as to form a network or a trellis.
  • wired element means any elongated element of great length relative to its cross section, whatever the shape of the latter, for example circular, oblong, rectangular or square, or even flat, this wired element being able for example to be twisted or corrugated.
  • its diameter is preferably less than 5 mm, more preferably within a range from 100 ⁇ m to 1.2 mm.
  • the first and second crosslinked adhesive compositions are substantially identical.
  • each first and second wire element is textile, that is to say non-metallic, and is for example made of a material chosen from a polyester, a polyamide, a polyketone, a polyvinyl alcohol, a cellulose, a mineral fiber , a natural fiber, an elastomeric material or a mixture of these materials.
  • polyesters include PET (polyethylene terephthalate), PEN (polyethylene naphthalate), PBT (polybutylene terephthalate), PBN (polybutylene naphthalate), PPT (polypropylene terephthalate), PPN (polypropylene naphthalate).
  • polyamides there may be mentioned aliphatic polyamides such as polyamides 4-6, 6, 6-6 (nylon), 11 or 12 and aromatic polyamides such as aramid.
  • each first and second filament element is a textile assembly comprising one or more single-filament or multi-filament textile fibers, twisted together or not.
  • each first and second wire element consists of a monofilament.
  • Each single-filament or multi-filamentary fiber has a diameter of between 5 and 20 ⁇ m, for example 10 ⁇ m.
  • each first and second wire element is metallic, for example an assembly of metallic monofilaments, each metallic monofilament having a diameter typically less than 50 ⁇ m, for example 10 ⁇ m.
  • each first and second wire element consists of an assembly of several metal monofilaments.
  • each first and second wire element consists of a metallic monofilament.
  • each carrier element is a carrier wire element.
  • wired element means any elongated element of great length relative to its cross section, whatever the shape of the latter, for example circular, oblong, rectangular or square, or even flat, this wired element being able for example to be twisted or corrugated.
  • its diameter is preferably less than 5 mm, more preferably within a range from 100 ⁇ m to 1.2 mm.
  • a carrying wire element, in particular the carrying portion, typically has a smaller characteristic dimension E of its mean section S P (which is the average of the sections obtained by the cutting of the carrying wire element by all the surfaces parallel to the first and second fabric (s) or knitted fabric (s) and included between the first and second fabric (s) or knitted fabric (s) preferably at most equal to 0.02 times the maximum spacing between the two internal faces of the first and second fabric (s) or knitted fabric (s) (which corresponds to the average radial height H of the interior annular space once the assembly is arranged within the tire) and a shape ratio K of its average section S P preferably at most equal to 3.
  • E of its mean section S P which is the average of the sections obtained by the cutting of the carrying wire element by all the surfaces parallel to the first and second fabric (s) or knitted fabric (s) and included between the first and second fabric (s) or knitted fabric (s) preferably at most equal to 0.02 times the maximum spacing between the two internal faces of the first and second fabric (s) or knitted
  • each carrier element has a high slenderness, in the radial direction, allowing it to flame on passing through the contact area. Outside the contact area, each support element regains its initial geometry, because its buckling is reversible. Such a load-bearing element has good resistance to fatigue.
  • a form ratio K of its mean section S P at most equal to 3 means that the largest characteristic dimension L of its mean section S P is at most equal to 3 times the smallest characteristic dimension E of its mean section S P.
  • a wired carrier element has a mechanical behavior of the wired type, that is to say, it can only be subjected to extension or compression forces along its mean line.
  • each supporting wire element is textile, that is to say non-metallic, and is for example made of a material chosen from a polyester, a polyamide, a polyketone, a polyvinyl alcohol, a cellulose, a mineral fiber, a natural fiber, an elastomeric material or a mixture of these materials.
  • polyesters include PET (polyethylene terephthalate), PEN (polyethylene naphthalate), PBT (polybutylene terephthalate), PBN (polybutylene naphthalate), PPT (polypropylene terephthalate), PPN (polypropylene naphthalate).
  • polyamides there may be mentioned aliphatic polyamides such as polyamides 4-6, 6, 6-6 (nylon), 11 or 12 and aromatic polyamides such as aramid.
  • each supporting wire element is a textile assembly comprising one or more single-filament or multi-filament textile fibers, twisted together or not.
  • each supporting wire element consists of a monofilament.
  • Each single-filament or multi-filamentary fiber has a diameter of between 5 and 20 ⁇ m, for example 10 ⁇ m.
  • each supporting wire element is metallic, for example an assembly of metallic monofilaments, each metallic monofilament having a diameter typically less than 50 ⁇ m, for example 10 ⁇ m.
  • each supporting wire element consists of an assembly of several metallic monofilaments.
  • each supporting wire element consists of a metallic monofilament.
  • each carrier wire element alternately extends from the first fabric or knitted fabric to the second fabric or knitted fabric and from the second fabric or knitted fabric to the first fabric or knitted fabric as we move along the carrier wire material .
  • each supporting wire element is interlaced with each first and second fabric or knitted fabric.
  • Such an assembly has the advantage of being able to be manufactured in a single weaving step.
  • the intertwining of each load-bearing element with each first and second fabric or knitted fabric makes it possible to mechanically anchor each load-bearing element in each first and second fabric or knitted fabric and thus to confer the desired mechanical properties on the load-bearing structure.
  • Each load-bearing wire portion which connects the internal faces of the first and second fabric (s) or knitted fabric (s) to one another can be characterized geometrically by its length L P and by its mean section S P , which is the mean sections obtained by cutting the supporting wire portion by all the surfaces parallel to the first and second fabric (s) or knitted fabric (s) and comprised between the first and second fabric (s) or knitted fabric (s).
  • the mean section S P is equal to this constant section.
  • the first fabric or knitted fabric is a fabric comprising interlacing of a first family of the first wire elements, substantially parallel to each other, and of a second family of the first wire elements, substantially parallel to each other.
  • the second fabric or knitted fabric is a fabric comprising interlaces of a first family of the second wire elements, substantially parallel to each other, and of a second family of second wire elements, substantially parallel to each other.
  • the fabric comprises, in a manner known to those skilled in the art, an armor characterizing the interlacing of the wired elements of the first and second families.
  • this weave is of canvas, twill or satin type.
  • the armor is of the canvas type.
  • first and / or the second fabric or knitted fabric is a knitted fabric comprising interwoven loops.
  • the first and second wire elements of the first family extending in the first direction and the first and second wire elements of the second family extending in the second direction, the first and second directions form one with the another an angle ranging from 70 ° to 90 °.
  • each first wire anchoring portion is wound at least in part around at least one of the first wire elements of at least one of the first and second families of the first wire elements of the first fabric.
  • each second wired anchoring portion is wound at least in part around at least one of the second wired elements of at least one of the first and second families of the second wired elements of the second fabric.
  • each first family consisting of first and second wired warp elements and the second family consisting of first and second wired weft elements, each first and second wired anchoring portion is wound at least in part around first and second wired weft elements respectively of each first and second fabric.
  • each first and second wired anchoring portion is wound at least in part around first and second wired chain elements of each first and second fabric respectively.
  • the mechanical characteristics of such fabrics such as their rigidity in extension and their tensile strength, according to the direction of the wired elements of the first family or that of the wired elements of the second family, depend on the characteristics of the wired elements, such as, for woven textile elements, the titer, expressed in tex or g / 1000 m, the toughness, expressed in cN / tex, and the standard contraction, expressed in%, these wired elements being distributed according to a given density, expressed in number of son / dm. All these characteristics are a function of the material of the wire elements and their manufacturing process.
  • the first fabric extending in a main general direction
  • the first wire elements of at least one of the first and second families extend in a direction forming, with the main general direction of the first fabric, an angle at least equal to 10 ° and at most equal to 45 °.
  • the first family consisting of first wired chain elements and the second family consisting of first wired weft elements the first wired chain elements form an angle at least equal to 10 ° and at most equal to 45 ° with the main direction of the first fabric.
  • the first filamentary weft elements form an angle at least equal to 10 ° and at most equal to 45 ° with the main direction of the first fabric.
  • the second fabric extending in a main general direction
  • the second wire elements of at least one of the first and second families extend in a direction forming, with the main general direction of the second fabric, an angle at least equal to 10 ° and at most equal to 45 °.
  • the first family being made up of second wired chain elements and the second family being made up of second wired frame elements
  • the wired chain elements form an angle at least equal to 10 ° and at most equal to 45 ° with the main direction of the second fabric.
  • the second filamentary weft elements form an angle at least equal to 10 ° and at most equal to 45 ° with the main direction of the second fabric.
  • main general direction is meant the general direction in which the fabric extends along its greatest length.
  • each first wire element is directly coated with a layer of a first adhesion primer and the layer of the first adhesion primer is coated with the layer of the first adhesive composition.
  • each second wire element is directly coated with a layer of a second adhesion primer and the layer of the second adhesion primer is coated with the layer of the second adhesive composition.
  • Each first and second membership primary is for example a epoxy resin and / or an isocyanate compound, possibly blocked.
  • Each first and second adhesive composition used may be a conventional RFL glue (Resorcinol-formaldehyde-latex) or even the glues described in the requests.
  • RFL glue Resorcinol-formaldehyde-latex
  • each first and second wire element is directly coated with a layer respectively of each first and second adhesive composition.
  • the surface of the first and second wire elements may be advantageous to activate the surface of the first and second wire elements by physical means, for example, using a treatment with radiation such as than an electron beam, or by plasma.
  • each first and second fabric or knitted fabric of the assembly according to the invention is substantially devoid of attachment points due respectively to the first and second adhesive compositions between the first and second wire elements respectively.
  • the first and second reinforcing elements are individually better penetrated by each first and second adhesive composition, respectively, in contrast to the first and second reinforcing elements which would have been coated after the formation of each first and second fabric and of which the penetration by respectively each first and second adhesive composition at the level of the intersections would have been altered.
  • each polymeric composition comprises at least one elastomer, preferably a diene elastomer.
  • elastomer or rubber the two terms being synonyms
  • diene type is generally meant an elastomer derived at least in part (ie a homopolymer or a copolymer) from diene monomers (monomers carrying two carbon-carbon double bonds, conjugated or not). This composition can then be found either in the raw state or in the cooked state.
  • the diene elastomer of the rubber composition is chosen from the group consisting of polybutadienes (BR), synthetic polyisoprenes (IR), natural rubber (NR), butadiene copolymers, copolymers of isoprene and mixtures of these elastomers.
  • Such copolymers are more preferably chosen from the group consisting of butadiene-styrene copolymers (SBR), isoprene-butadiene copolymers (BIR), isoprene-styrene copolymers (SIR), isoprene copolymers- butadiene-styrene (SBIR) and mixtures of such copolymers.
  • Each polymeric composition can contain a single diene elastomer or a mixture of several diene elastomers, the diene elastomer (s) being able to be used in combination with any type of synthetic elastomer other than diene, or even with polymers other than elastomers, for example thermoplastic polymers.
  • each polymeric composition comprises, in addition to the elastomer, preferably diene, a reinforcing filler, for example carbon black, a crosslinking system, for example a vulcanization system and additives various.
  • a reinforcing filler for example carbon black
  • a crosslinking system for example a vulcanization system and additives various.
  • each polymer composition comprises at least one thermoplastic polymer.
  • a thermoplastic polymer is by definition hot-melt. Examples of such thermoplastic polymers are aliphatic polyamides, for example nylon, polyesters, for example PET or PEN, and thermoplastic elastomers.
  • Thermoplastic elastomers are elastomers in the form of block copolymers based on thermoplastic blocks. Intermediate structure between thermoplastic polymers and elastomers, they consist in a known manner of rigid thermoplastic blocks, in particular polystyrene linked by flexible blocks elastomer, for example polybutadiene or polyisoprene for unsaturated TPEs or poly (ethylene / butylene) for saturated TPEs. This is the reason why, in known manner, the above TPE block copolymers are generally characterized by the presence of two glass transition peaks, the first peak (lowest temperature, generally negative) being relative to the elastomer block.
  • the second peak (highest, positive temperature, typically greater than 80 ° C. for preferential elastomers of the TPS type) being relative to the thermoplastic part (for example styrene blocks) of the TPE copolymer.
  • These TPE elastomers are often triblock elastomers with two rigid segments connected by a flexible segment. The rigid and flexible segments can be arranged linearly, in a star or branched. These TPE elastomers can also be diblock elastomers with a single rigid segment connected to a flexible segment.
  • each of these segments or blocks contains at least more than 5, generally more than 10 base units (for example styrene units and isoprene units for a styrene / isoprene / styrene block copolymer).
  • the thermoplastic elastomer is unsaturated.
  • unsaturated TPE elastomer is understood by definition and in a well known manner a TPE elastomer which is provided with ethylenic unsaturations, that is to say which comprises carbon-carbon double bonds (conjugated or not); conversely, a so-called saturated TPE elastomer is of course a TPE elastomer which does not have such double bonds.
  • the first and second polymeric compositions can be different or identical.
  • the first polymeric composition can comprise a diene elastomer and the second polymeric composition can comprise a thermoplastic elastomer or vice versa.
  • a tire is also described comprising an assembly as defined above or an assembly as defined above.
  • the second impregnated woven or knitted structure forming the second radially inner structure of revolution of the tire is intended to ensure, among other functions, the connection of the assembly, and therefore of the tire, with the mounting means.
  • the first impregnated woven or knitted structure forming the first radially outer structure of revolution of the tire is intended to ensure, among other functions, the connection of the assembly with the crown structure of revolution.
  • each side having a curvilinear length L F is advantageously at least equal to 1.05 times, preferably 1.15 times the average radial height H of the interior annular space.
  • the curvilinear length L F of each flank is at least equal to 1.3 times and at most equal to 1.6 times the average radial height H of the interior annular space. This flank length characteristic guarantees that the deformation of the flank will not disturb the meridian flattening of the pneumatic type device due to too low a curvature.
  • the sides are not directly linked to the assembly and preferably are not directly linked to the load-bearing elements.
  • the sidewalls participate in part in carrying the load, according to their own structural rigidity. However, the sidewalls have an independent mechanical behavior and do not interfere with the mechanical behavior of the supporting structure.
  • the sidewalls generally comprise at least one elastomeric material and may optionally comprise a reinforcing reinforcement.
  • the tire In the case of effective pressurization by an inflation gas, the tire then has a pneumatic rigidity, due to the pressure, which will also contribute to the carrying of the applied load.
  • the pressure is at least equal to 0.5 bar, preferably at least equal to 1 bar. The higher the pressure, the greater the contribution of the pneumatic rigidity to the carrying of the applied load, and, correspondingly, the greater the contribution of the structural rigidity of the supporting structure and / or of the sidewalls and / or of the structures of revolution respectively.
  • radially exterior and radially interior to the carrying of the applied load is weak.
  • the first impregnated woven or knitted structure forming the first radially outer structure of revolution of the tire has an axis of revolution coincident with the axis of rotation of the tire.
  • the second impregnated woven or knitted structure forming the second radially inner revolution structure of the tire is coaxial with the first impregnated woven or knitted structure forming the first radially external revolution structure of the tire.
  • the interior annular space has an average radial height H.
  • the load-bearing elements connected to the portion of the first impregnated woven or knitted structure forming the first radially outer structure of revolution of the tire in contact with the ground by means of the first fabric or knitted fabric, is subjected to compression buckling and at least part of the load-bearing elements, connected to the portion of first impregnated woven or knitted structure forming the first radially outer structure of revolution of the tire not in contact with the ground, are under tension.
  • the average surface density D of load-bearing wire portions per unit area of the first impregnated woven or knitted structure forming the first structure of radially outer revolution expressed in 1 / m2, being at least equal to (S / S E ) ⁇ Z / (A ⁇ Fr), where S is the surface, in m2, of the radially interior face of the vertex structure of revolution, S E is the surface of connection between the external face of the first structure woven or impregnated knitted fabric forming the first radially outer structure of revolution (which is the outer face of the first strip) and the radially inner face of the vertex structure of revolution, in m2, Z N is the nominal radial load, in N, applied for the tire, A is the ground contact surface, in m2, of the tire, and Fr is the breaking force, in N, of each load-bearing portion.
  • the nominal radial load Z N is the recommended load for using the tire.
  • the ground contact surface A is the surface over which the tire is flat
  • the expression according to which D is at least equal to (S / S E ) ⁇ Z / (A ⁇ Fr) translates, in particular, the fact that the average surface density D of the load-bearing portions is all the stronger as the load nominal radial Z N high and / or that the surface area ratio S E / S, representing the rate of covering of the radially inner face of the crown revolution structure by the first woven or knitted structure impregnated forming the first revolution structure radially exterior, is weak.
  • the average surface density D of the load-bearing portions is lower the higher the tensile breaking strength Fr of a load-bearing portion.
  • Such an average surface density D of the carrying portions allows, on the one hand, the supporting elements in extension outside the contact area to carry the nominal radial load Z N , and, on the other hand, the carrying elements in compression in the contact area to guarantee a flattening of the tread, both in a circumferential plane and in a meridian plane, improved compared to tires known from the state of the art.
  • the surface density of the carrier portions is constant both in the circumferential direction and in the axial direction, that is to say that the distribution of the carrier portions is uniform both circumferentially and axially: the average surface density D is therefore equal to the constant surface density.
  • the advantage of a constant surface density is that it contributes to imparting an almost cylindrical geometry to the tread, with a so-called “daisy-effect” effect which is reduced compared to other prior art tires.
  • the surface density of the carrier portions can be variable in the circumferential direction and / or in the axial direction, that is to say that the distribution of the carrier portions is not necessarily circumferentially uniform and / or axially, hence the introduction of the characteristic of average surface density D of load-bearing portions.
  • the surface density D of the carrier portions is advantageously at least equal to 3 ⁇ (S / S E ) ⁇ Z / (A ⁇ Fr).
  • a higher surface density of load-bearing portions improves the homogenization of the pressures in the area of contact with the ground and guarantees a higher coefficient of safety with respect to the applied load and with respect to endurance.
  • the surface density D of the carrier portions is even more advantageously at least equal to 6 ⁇ (S / S E ) ⁇ Z / (A ⁇ Fr).
  • An even higher surface density of load-bearing portions further improves the homogenization of the pressures in the contact area on the ground and makes it possible to further increase the coefficient of safety with respect to the load applied and with respect to endurance.
  • the average surface density D of the load-bearing portions is advantageously at least equal to 5000.
  • the surface S E is substantially equal to the surface S, that is to say that the first woven or knitted structure impregnated forming the first structure of revolution radially external to the first fabric or knitted fabric completely covers the radially internal face of the summit revolution structure.
  • the average surface density D of the minimum carrier portions is equal to Z / (A ⁇ Fr).
  • the first impregnated woven or knitted structure is not necessarily continuous (axially and / or circumferentially) and can consist of juxtaposed portions of fabric or knitted fabric: in this case, the surface S E is the sum of the bonding surfaces between the outer faces of the first impregnated woven or knitted structure forming the first radially outer structure of revolution (which are the outer faces of the first layer) and the radially inner face of the crown revolution structure.
  • the first impregnated woven or knitted structure forming the first structure of revolution radially external to the first fabric or knitted fabric does not entirely cover, that is to say only partially covers, the radially internal face of the summit revolution structure.
  • This design advantageously makes it possible to have an assembly which can be produced independently and integrated in a single block during the manufacture of the tire.
  • the assembly used can be joined to other elements of the tire by vulcanization, bonding or any other method of bonding the first and second layers of the first and second polymeric compositions.
  • the first radially outer fabric or knitted fabric and the second radially inner fabric or knitted fabric serve as interfaces between the load-bearing elements and the structures of revolution, respectively radially exterior and radially interior, which are therefore not in direct contact.
  • each sidewall is joined to each axial end of the first and second structures of revolution so as to constitute the interior annular space.
  • the interior annular space is deployed by pressurization with an inflation gas from the interior annular space.
  • a crown structure of revolution is wound radially outside the first structure of revolution.
  • a reference mark X, Y, Z has been represented corresponding to the usual orientations respectively axial (in the direction YY '), radial (in the direction ZZ') and circumferential (in the direction XX ') of a tire.
  • the tire 20 is substantially of revolution about an axis substantially parallel to the axial direction YY '.
  • the tire 20 is here intended for a passenger vehicle.
  • the tire 20 is mounted on a mounting means 22, here a rim, thus forming a mounted assembly 23 for the vehicle.
  • the tire 20 comprises an assembly 24 comprising a first impregnated woven or knitted structure 25 and a second impregnated woven or knitted structure 27.
  • the second impregnated woven or knitted structure 27 is arranged radially inside with respect to the first impregnated woven structure 25
  • each first and second structure 25, 27 is an impregnated woven structure.
  • each first and second structure 25, 27 is an impregnated knitted structure.
  • the first impregnated woven structure 25 comprises a first fabric or knitted fabric 26, here a fabric 26, and a first layer 33 of a first polymeric composition 34, the first fabric 26 being impregnated at least in part with the first polymeric composition 34.
  • the second impregnated woven structure 27 comprises a second fabric or knitted fabric 28, here a fabric 28, and a second layer 35 of a second polymeric composition 36, the second fabric 28 being impregnated at least in part with the second polymeric composition 36.
  • each first and second structure 25, 27 comprises a knitted fabric impregnated at least in part respectively with each polymeric composition 34, 36.
  • first fabric 26 is arranged radially on the outside with respect to the second fabric 28.
  • first and second polymer composition 34, 36 for example comprises an elastomeric composition comprising at least one elastomer, preferably diene, for example natural rubber.
  • the first impregnated woven structure 25 forms a first structure of revolution 25 'and the second impregnated woven structure 27 forms a second structure of revolution 27' arranged radially inside the first structure of revolution 25 '.
  • the assembly 24 also includes a support structure 30 comprising support elements 32 connecting the first and second fabrics 26, 28 together.
  • the support structure 30 here consists of a plurality of support elements 32.
  • the tire 20 comprises a crown revolution structure 55 arranged radially outside the first impregnated woven structure 25 forming the first radially external revolution structure 25 '.
  • the crown revolution structure 55 comprises a circumferential reinforcement reinforcement 54 and a tread 58 as illustrated in the figures 1 and 5 .
  • the crown revolution structure 55 comprises a radially inner face 59 and a radially outer face 60 formed by the outer face of the tread 58.
  • the circumferential reinforcement reinforcement 54 comprises a polymeric composition, for example an elastomeric composition comprising at least one elastomer, preferably diene, for example natural rubber, in which are embedded several metallic or textile reinforcing elements 56, known from skilled in the art.
  • a polymeric composition for example an elastomeric composition comprising at least one elastomer, preferably diene, for example natural rubber, in which are embedded several metallic or textile reinforcing elements 56, known from skilled in the art.
  • the circumferential reinforcing frame 54 is arranged radially outside the first impregnated woven structure 25 forming the first radially outer structure of revolution 25 'of the tire 20.
  • the tread 58 is intended to come into contact with a ground.
  • the tread 58 consists of a polymeric composition, for example an elastomeric composition comprising at least one elastomer, preferably diene, for example natural rubber.
  • the tread 58 is arranged radially outside the circumferential reinforcement armature 54.
  • the crown revolution structure 55 have a common axis of revolution, in this case the axis of rotation YY 'of the tire 20.
  • the first impregnated woven structure 25 forming the first radially outer structure of revolution 25 ′ of the tire 20 has an internal face 42 and an external face 43 as well as two axial ends 44.
  • the internal face 42 is an internal face of the first fabric 26 and the outer face 43 is an outer face of the first layer 33.
  • the inner face 42 is arranged radially inside the outer face 43 and the outer face 43 is in contact with a radially inner face of the vertex structure 55.
  • the second impregnated woven structure 27 forming the second radially inner revolution structure 27 'of the tire 20 has an internal face 46 and an external face 47 as well as two axial ends 48.
  • the internal face 46 is an internal face of the second fabric 28 and the external face 47 is an external face of the second layer 35. Within the tire 20, the internal face 46 is arranged radially outside the external face 47.
  • each surface 42, 46 describes a cylinder of revolution around the axis YY ′ of the tire 20.
  • the tire 20 also comprises two sidewalls 50.
  • Each sidewall 50 connects each axial end 44 of the first impregnated woven structure 25 forming the first radially outer structure of revolution 25 ′ of the tire 20 and each axial end 48 of the second woven structure impregnated 27 forming the second radially inner structure of revolution 27 ′ of the tire 20.
  • the tire 20 also includes an interior annular space 52 delimited on the one hand by each internal face 42 and 46 and, on the other hand, by the two sidewalls 50.
  • the interior annular space 52 forms a closed cavity which can be pressurized by an inflation gas, for example air.
  • the supporting elements 32 are two by two independent in the interior annular space 52.
  • the assembly 24 extends axially continuously between the two sidewalls 50 of the tire 20.
  • the assembly 24 extends circumferentially over one revolution around the axis of revolution YY 'of the tire 20 so as to form an axially continuous assembly strip 51 as illustrated in the figure 7 .
  • the tire 20 is shown subjected to a nominal radial load Z N.
  • the tire 20 is in contact with a flat ground by a contact surface A, having a circumferential length X A.
  • the elements carriers 32 connected to the portion of the first impregnated woven structure 25 forming the first radially outer structure of revolution 25 ′ of the tire 20 in contact with the ground via the tread, are subjected to buckling in compression, then that at least a part of the load-bearing elements 32, connected to the portion of the first impregnated woven structure 25 forming the first radially outer structure of revolution 25 ′ of the tire 20 not in contact with the ground, are in tension.
  • the first fabric 26 is a fabric comprising interlaces of a first family of first wired elements 64, called first wired warp elements, and of a second family of first wired elements 66, called first wired weft elements.
  • the first wired chain elements 64 of the first fabric 26 are substantially parallel to each other and extend in a so-called chain direction.
  • the first wired weft elements 66 of the first fabric 26 are substantially parallel to each other and extend in a direction known as weft.
  • the first wire elements 64, 66 are coated with at least one layer of a first crosslinked adhesive composition and are obtained after an individual coating step of each first wire element 64, 66 with the layer of the first adhesive composition followed by a step of individual heat treatment of each first coated wire element 64, 66.
  • each first wire element 64, 66 is coated with a layer of a first adhesion primer, here a primer based on an epoxy resin and blocked isocyanate, this layer of adhesion primer being itself coated with the layer of the first adhesive composition, here an RFL type glue.
  • a first adhesion primer here a primer based on an epoxy resin and blocked isocyanate
  • the second fabric 28 is a fabric comprising interlaces of a first family of second wired elements 68, called second wired warp elements, and of a second family of second wired elements 70, called second wired weft elements.
  • the second wired chain elements 68 of the second fabric 28 are substantially parallel to each other and extend in a direction called the chain.
  • the second wired weft elements 70 of the second fabric 28 are substantially parallel to each other and extend in a direction known as weft.
  • the second wire elements 68, 70 are coated with at least one layer of a second crosslinked adhesive composition and are obtained after an individual coating step of each second wired element 68, 70 with the layer of the second adhesive composition followed by an individual heat treatment step of each second coated wired element 68, 70.
  • each second wire element 68, 70 is coated with a layer of a second adhesion primer, here a primer based on an epoxy resin and blocked isocyanate, this layer of adhesion primer itself being coated with the layer of the second adhesive composition, here an RFL type glue.
  • a second adhesion primer here a primer based on an epoxy resin and blocked isocyanate
  • first and second adhesion primaries are identical.
  • first and second adhesive compositions are identical.
  • each first and second fabric 26, 28 the directions of warp and weft form with each other an angle ranging from 70 ° to 90 °. In this case, the angle is substantially equal to 90 °.
  • the first and second wire elements 64, 66, 68, 70 are all substantially identical.
  • Each first and second wire element 64, 66, 68, 70 is a textile wire element, here made of polyethylene terephthalate (PET).
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • each first and second wire element 64, 66, 68, 70 is a wire wire element having a linear mass equal to 170 tex and a toughness equal to 66 cN / tex.
  • the carrier elements 32 are carrier wire elements. Each wireframe element 32 extends alternately from the first fabric 26 to the second fabric 28 and from the second fabric 28 to the first fabric 26 as one moves along the wireframe element 32. In addition, each wireframe element 32 is intertwined with the first fabric 26 and the second fabric 28.
  • Each wired carrier element 32 is a woven textile carrier element, here made of polyethylene terephthalate (PET). In this case, each carrier element is a spun wire element having a linear mass equal to 55 tex and a toughness equal to 54 cN / tex. In the embodiment described, the supporting wire elements 32 are devoid of any layer of adhesive composition.
  • Each wireframe element 32 comprises a wireframe portion 74 extending between the first and second fabrics 26, 28, in particular between the internal faces 42 and 46.
  • Each wireframe element 32 includes first and second wire anchor portions 76, 78 of the supporting wire element 32 respectively in the first fabric 26 and the second fabric 28.
  • Each first and second wire anchoring portions 76, 78 extends a carrying portion 74 respectively in each first fabric 26 and second fabric 28.
  • Each first and second wired anchoring portion 76, 78 is wound at least in part around several wired elements of the first families of wired elements 64, 68 of chain respectively of each first fabric 26 and each second fabric 28.
  • each wired anchoring portion 76, 78 connects two carrying wired portions 74 between them.
  • the first fabric 26 and the second fabric 28 both extend in a main general direction G substantially parallel to the longitudinal edges of the first and second fabrics 26, 28.
  • the first wired chain elements 64 of the first radially outer fabric 26 s 'extend in a direction forming, with the main general direction of the first fabric 26, an angle A1 at least equal to 10 ° and at most equal to 45 °.
  • the first wire frame elements 66 of the first radially outer fabric 26 extend in a direction forming, with the main general direction of the first fabric 26, an angle A2 at least equal to 10 ° and at most equal to 45 °.
  • the second filamentary chain elements 68 of the second radially inner fabric 28 extend in a direction forming, with the main general direction of the second radially inner fabric 28, an angle A3 at least equal to 10 ° and at most equal at 45 °.
  • the carrying wire portion 74 has a circular average section S P , defined by a smaller characteristic dimension E and a larger characteristic dimension L both equal, in the example presented , to the diameter of the circle, and characterized by its form ratio K equal to L / E, therefore equal to 1 in the present case.
  • the smallest characteristic dimension E of the mean section S P of the carrying wire portion 74 that is to say, in this case, its diameter, is at most equal to 0.02 times the mean radial height H of the interior annular space 52.
  • the carrying portion 74 has a length L P at least equal to the average height H of the interior annular space 52.
  • the wire anchoring portions 76, 78 have the same circular average section S P and the same smallest characteristic dimension E of the mean section S P.
  • the tire 20 is partially shown so as to see the external face 53 of the first fabric 26 when the latter is arranged within the tire 20.
  • the first wired chain elements 64 of the first fabric 26 extend in a direction forming, with the circumferential direction XX 'of the tire 20, an angle B1 less than the angle A1.
  • the first wire frame elements 66 of the first fabric 26 extend in a direction forming, with the circumferential direction XX 'of the tire 20, an angle B2 less than the angle A2.
  • the second wired chain elements 68 of the second radially inner fabric 28 extend in a direction forming, with the circumferential direction XX 'of the tire 20, an angle B3.
  • the second wired weft elements 70 of the second radially inner fabric 28 extend in a direction forming, with the circumferential direction XX 'of the tire 20, an angle B4.
  • the tire 20, the stiffness characteristics of which are presented on the Figures 8 and 9 comprises first and second radially exterior and radially interior structures of revolution 25 ′, 27 ′ having respective mean radii equal to 333 mm and 298 mm, and axial widths both equal to 250 mm.
  • the interior annular space 52 has an average radial height H equal to 35 mm.
  • the tire 20 is inflated to a pressure P of between 1.5 bar and 2.5 bar and is subjected to a radial load Z N equal to 600 daN.
  • the figure 8 presents two standard curves compared with the evolution of the applied load Z, expressed in daN, as a function of the deflection F, expressed in mm, for a tire according to the invention I and a reference tire R in the state of the technique.
  • the figure 8 shows that, for a given radial load Z, the deflection F of a tire according to the invention I is smaller than that of the reference tire R.
  • the radial stiffness of the tire according to the invention I is greater than the radial stiffness of the reference tire R.
  • the figure 9 presents two standard curves compared with the evolution of the drift stiffness Z D , expressed in N / °, as a function of the applied load, expressed in N, for a tire according to the invention I and a reference tire R of the state of the art.
  • the figure 9 shows that, for a given radial load Z, the drift stiffness Z D of a tire according to the invention I is greater than that of the reference tire R.
  • each first and second wire element 64, 66, 68, 70 is coated with layers of adhesion primer and of adhesive composition.
  • the first and second wire elements 64, 66, 68, 70 are first coated directly with the layer of adhesion primer in a first aqueous bath (approximately 94% water) based on epoxy resin. (polyglycerol polyglycidyl ether, approximately 1%) and of isocyanate compound (blocked caprolactam, approximately 5%).
  • the layer of adhesion primer is coated with the layer of adhesive composition, here an RFL glue (approximately 81% by weight of water) based on resorcinol (approximately 2%), formalin (approximately 1%) and d '' a rubber latex (approximately 16% of NR, SBR and VP-SBR rubbers).
  • RFL glue approximately 81% by weight of water
  • formalin approximately 17%
  • d '' a rubber latex approximately 16% of NR, SBR and VP-SBR rubbers
  • first and second coated wire elements 64, 66, 68, 70 are heat treated so as to crosslink the layer of primer and adhesion composition by passing the first and second wire elements 64, 66, 68, 70 coated in a treatment oven at 240 ° C for 30 s.
  • the first wire elements 64, 66 are assembled so as to form the first fabric 26 and the second wire elements 68, 70 so as to form the second fabric 28.
  • the carrier elements 32 with the first and second fabrics 26, 28.
  • the first and second wire elements 64, 66, 68, 70 coated and treated are assembled in a single step, and therefore simultaneously thermally with the supporting elements 32 so as to form the assembly 24.
  • each first and second fabric 26, 28 is firstly formed separately, then the first and second fabrics 26 are connected together, 28 with the load-bearing elements 32.
  • the step of forming the assembly 24 according to the invention is carried out in a manner known to those skilled in the art of woven fabrics.
  • each first and second fabric 26, 28 is impregnated with the first and second polymeric compositions 34, 36 respectively so as to form the first and second strips 33, 35 and constituting the first and second impregnated woven structures 25, 27.
  • the assembly 90 is then obtained according to the invention shown in the figure 10A .
  • the supporting wire elements 32 are individually identical.
  • Each carrier element 32 is made of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and has an average section S P equal to 7 ⁇ 10 -8 m 2 and a breaking stress F r / S P equal to 470 MPa.
  • the average surface density D of the load-bearing wire portions 74 per unit area of the first impregnated woven structure 25 and per unit area of the second impregnated woven structure 27 is equal to 85,000 threads / m 2 .
  • the breaking force Fr is equal to 33 N.
  • the assembly 90 of the figure 10A forms an axially continuous cylindrical winding, around the axis of revolution YY ′ of the tire 20, the axial width of which is greater than or equal to 50%, preferably 75% of the axial width of the tread 58.
  • the assembly 90 is deposited in a single round of cylindrical winding. This is called full-width laying, since the targeted axial width of the assembly 90 is obtained in a single round of cylindrical winding.
  • a full width installation necessarily implies the existence of at least one overlap zone, or weld, in the circumferential direction, between the circumferential ends of the assembly 90, in particular at the end of winding.
  • the assembly 90 is placed so that the wired elements of warp 64, 68 and of weft 66, 70, substantially perpendicular to each other, form, with the circumferential direction XX 'of the tire 20, angles A1, A2, A3, A4 substantially equal to 45 °.
  • each sidewall 50 is joined to each axial end 44, 48 of the first impregnated woven structure 25 and of the second impregnated woven structure 27 of so as to constitute the interior annular space 52.
  • the interior annular space 52 is deployed by pressurization by an inflation gas of the interior annular space 52, for example air.
  • the assembly 90 is then obtained according to the invention shown in the figure 10B .
  • Each carrying wire portion 74 is always in a folded or bent state.
  • the diameter of the first impregnated woven structure 25 forming the first radially outer revolution structure 25 'of the tire 20, and therefore of the first fabric 26, increases while the diameter of the second impregnated woven structure 27 forming the second radially inner revolution structure 27' of the tire 20, and therefore of the second fabric 28, remains substantially constant.
  • the crown revolution structure 55 is wound radially outside the first impregnated woven structure 25 forming the first radially outer revolution structure 25 '.
  • the interior annular space 52 is depressurized to ambient atmospheric pressure.
  • the tire 20 is then obtained in the raw state.
  • the tire 20 is crosslinked, for example by vulcanization, in order to obtain the tire 20 in the baked state.
  • the assembly 24 extends axially discontinuously between the two sidewalls 50 of the tire 20.
  • the assembly 24 extends circumferentially over several turns around the axis of revolution YY 'of the tire 20 so as to form a winding of an assembly strip 92 axially discontinuous.
  • the assembly 90 is wound around the axis of the tire 20 so as to form a helical winding of an assembly strip 92, the axial portions 94 of the strip 92 being axially juxtaposed.
  • strip is meant an assembly 90 having a limited axial width, at most equal to 30% of the axial width of the tread 58, and of great length at least equal to twice the circumference of the tread 58, so that the test strip can be stored in the form of a roll.
  • Such a strip is thus unwound according to a helix, having as its axis of revolution the axis of revolution of the tire 20.
  • the number of turns of helical winding of the strip is determined by the total axial width of the helical winding targeted and by the density of load-bearing elements 32.
  • the fitting of the strip can be contiguous, that is to say that the strip portions are in contact in pairs by their axial edges, or not contiguous, that is to say that the axial edges of the axial portions 94 of strip are spaced apart by a space which is substantially non-zero.
  • the advantage of a strip installation is the absence of overlap zones, or welds, in the circumferential direction, between axial portions of strip, at the end of winding.
  • connection surface S E of the external face 43 of the first impregnated woven structure 25 forming the first radially external structure of revolution 25 ′ of the tire 20 radially external fabric with the radially internal face 59 of the structure of vertex revolution 55 is the sum of the bonding surfaces of the axial portions 94 of strip 92 juxtaposed.
  • the strip 92 is wound helically around the axis of revolution of the tire 20 so that, before shaping, the first wire elements of warp 64 and weft 66 of the first fabric 26 extend in a direction forming with the circumferential direction XX ', respectively an angle A1, A2 at least equal to 10 ° and at most equal to 45 ° and so that the second filamentary warp 68 and weft elements 70 of the second radially inner fabric 28 extend in a forming direction, with the main general direction of the second radially inner fabric 28, respectively an angle A3, A4 at least equal to 10 ° and at most equal to 45 °.
  • each carrier wire element is coated with at least one layer of a third crosslinked adhesive composition and is obtained after an individual coating step of each carrier wire element with the layer of the third adhesive composition followed. a step of individual heat treatment of each coated wireframe element.
  • each coated wire element heat-treated and treated is assembled with the first and second wire elements coated and heat-treated so as to form the assembly.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Tires In General (AREA)
  • Tyre Moulding (AREA)
EP16825850.7A 2015-12-17 2016-12-15 Assemblage pour pneumatique comprenant des tissu(s) ou tricot(s) comprenant des éléments filaires pré-encollés Active EP3390115B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1562630A FR3045463B1 (fr) 2015-12-17 2015-12-17 Assemblage pour pneumatique comprenant des tissu(s) ou tricot(s) comprenant des elements filaires pre-encolles
PCT/FR2016/053450 WO2017103491A1 (fr) 2015-12-17 2016-12-15 Assemblage pour pneumatique comprenant des tissu(s) ou tricot(s) comprenant des éléments filaires pré-encollés

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3390115A1 EP3390115A1 (fr) 2018-10-24
EP3390115B1 true EP3390115B1 (fr) 2020-02-26

Family

ID=55752425

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP16825850.7A Active EP3390115B1 (fr) 2015-12-17 2016-12-15 Assemblage pour pneumatique comprenant des tissu(s) ou tricot(s) comprenant des éléments filaires pré-encollés

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US11148379B2 (pt)
EP (1) EP3390115B1 (pt)
JP (1) JP6836595B2 (pt)
CN (1) CN108367639B (pt)
FR (1) FR3045463B1 (pt)
WO (1) WO2017103491A1 (pt)

Families Citing this family (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3045462B1 (fr) 2015-12-17 2017-12-29 Michelin & Cie Ensemble pour pneumatique comprenant des tissu(s) ou tricot(s) impregnes et un moyen de maintien sacrificiel
US11318790B2 (en) * 2016-04-13 2022-05-03 The Goodyear Tire & Robber Company Shear band and non-pneumatic tire
FR3061675A1 (fr) 2017-01-12 2018-07-13 Compagnie Generale Des Etablissements Michelin Assemblage comprenant une structure rompable et une structure porteuse
FR3061674A1 (fr) 2017-01-12 2018-07-13 Compagnie Generale Des Etablissements Michelin Assemblage comprenant un tissu partiellement rompable et une structure porteuse
US10308134B2 (en) * 2017-03-02 2019-06-04 The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company Spherical wheel/tire assembly
FR3067981A1 (fr) * 2017-06-23 2018-12-28 Compagnie Generale Des Etablissements Michelin Dispositif de type pneumatique pour vehicule
FR3067980A1 (fr) * 2017-06-23 2018-12-28 Compagnie Generale Des Etablissements Michelin Dispositif de type pneumatique pour vehicule
EP3697606B1 (fr) 2017-10-18 2021-08-18 Compagnie Générale des Etablissements Michelin Procédé de fabrication d'un sous-assemblage pour un pneumatique comprenant un tissu ou un tricot tridimensionnel et utilisant un élément de solidarisation
EP3697629B1 (fr) * 2017-10-18 2021-12-01 Compagnie Générale des Etablissements Michelin Assemblage
JP7066738B2 (ja) * 2017-11-17 2022-05-13 株式会社クラレ 自転車タイヤ用の補強部材および自転車タイヤ
WO2020094979A1 (fr) * 2018-11-09 2020-05-14 Compagnie Generale Des Etablissements Michelin Dispositif de type pneumatique à éléments filaires souples pour véhicule
FR3088238B3 (fr) * 2018-11-09 2020-10-23 Michelin & Cie Procede de fabrication d'un pneumatique
FR3090498A3 (fr) 2018-12-24 2020-06-26 Michelin & Cie Assemblage pour un pneumatique, pneumatique et procédés de fabrication associés
FR3090497B3 (fr) 2018-12-24 2020-12-04 Michelin & Cie Assemblage pour un pneumatique, pneumatique et procédés de fabrication associés
FR3103732B1 (fr) 2019-11-29 2023-03-31 Michelin & Cie Assemblage comprenant une structure porteuse adaptable
FR3103733B1 (fr) * 2019-11-29 2022-08-19 Michelin & Cie Assemblage comprenant une structure porteuse adaptable
FR3112311B1 (fr) * 2020-07-08 2022-06-24 Michelin & Cie Pneumatique pour véhicule de tourisme

Family Cites Families (35)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1426763A (en) 1919-10-20 1922-08-22 O'bannon Maurice Tire
US2506861A (en) 1947-11-28 1950-05-09 Harry E Drennan Cushion tire
US2502101A (en) * 1949-03-02 1950-03-28 Woonsocket Falls Mill Fabric and method of making same
US3606921A (en) * 1969-06-23 1971-09-21 Caterpillar Tractor Co Belted oval pneumatic tube-tire
US3979536A (en) 1971-07-08 1976-09-07 Uniroyal Inc. Zero degree belted tires, and high "soft stretch" belt-forming tapes therefor
US4157107A (en) * 1978-04-03 1979-06-05 General Motors Corporation Run-flat tire having integral internal support means
US4235270A (en) 1978-06-30 1980-11-25 The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company Tire with supporting and cushioning walls
JPS5940641B2 (ja) * 1978-10-12 1984-10-02 ザ グツドイア− タイヤ アンド ラバ− コンパニ− 自動車用管状タイヤ
JPS5963203A (ja) * 1982-09-02 1984-04-10 ソシエテ・デ・デベロップメント・テクノロジック・エス・ア− 空気圧不要タイヤ用インサ−トチユ−ブ
US5407701A (en) * 1993-05-14 1995-04-18 The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company Cords for pneumatic tires and process for making them
KR960007209A (ko) * 1994-08-31 1996-03-22 마사아키 니시 타이어 조립체용 림
JPH1076807A (ja) * 1996-09-03 1998-03-24 Tetsuji Matsumori ワイヤーにより横剛性を強化したタイヤ
US6983776B2 (en) * 1999-12-10 2006-01-10 Michelin Recherche Et Technique S.A. Structurally supported resilient tire with bias ply carcass
CA2412644A1 (en) * 2001-04-16 2002-10-24 Michelin Recherche Et Technique S.A. Structurally supported resilient tire with bias ply carcass
US7013939B2 (en) 2001-08-24 2006-03-21 Michelin Recherche Et Technique S.A. Compliant wheel
DE60131469T2 (de) * 2001-08-24 2008-09-18 Société de Technologie Michelin Nicht- pneumatischer reifen
EP1601540A1 (fr) * 2003-02-04 2005-12-07 Société de Technologie Michelin Composition lubrifiante pour un appui de securite d un pneum atique
US20060033231A1 (en) * 2004-08-10 2006-02-16 Reuter Rene F Monofilament reinforced rubber component and method of producing
US20080115871A1 (en) * 2006-11-16 2008-05-22 Paul Harry Sandstrom Tire having a sidewall component containing a dispersion of adhesive coated short carbon fiber reinforcement
FR2921013B1 (fr) 2007-09-14 2009-11-27 Soc Tech Michelin Roue elastique non pneumatique.
FR2922159B1 (fr) 2007-10-15 2011-04-29 Michelin Soc Tech Pneumatique a virole et a structure porteuse
CN101214780A (zh) * 2008-01-16 2008-07-09 李日出 一种轮胎爆裂、漏气后车辆、飞机不会失控的轮子
JP5225743B2 (ja) * 2008-04-30 2013-07-03 東洋ゴム工業株式会社 非空気圧タイヤ
CN101318450A (zh) 2008-05-14 2008-12-10 王明江 网架式免充气空心轮胎
JP5314621B2 (ja) * 2010-03-02 2013-10-16 東洋ゴム工業株式会社 非空気圧タイヤ
WO2012098130A1 (en) * 2011-01-17 2012-07-26 Vds Weaving Nv A tridimensional woven fabric, an integrated permeate channel membrane comprising said fabric and uses thereof
FR2978770B1 (fr) * 2011-08-04 2013-09-27 Michelin Soc Tech Composition adhesive aqueuse a base de polyaldehyde et phloroglucinol
FR2978771B1 (fr) 2011-08-04 2013-09-27 Michelin Soc Tech Composition adhesive aqueuse a base de polyaldehyde et 2,2', 4,4'-tetrahydroxydiphenyl sulfide
FR2978769B1 (fr) 2011-08-04 2013-09-27 Michelin Soc Tech Composition adhesive aqueuse a base de polyaldehyde et de polyphenol
WO2014103841A1 (ja) * 2012-12-25 2014-07-03 横浜ゴム株式会社 タイヤ／ホイール組立体及びトレッドリング
FR3008707B1 (fr) 2013-07-16 2017-11-10 Michelin & Cie Composition adhesive aqueuse a base d'aldehyde biosource et de polyphenol
US9849734B2 (en) * 2014-10-31 2017-12-26 The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company Pneumatic tire with a three dimensional component
FR3038543B1 (fr) * 2015-07-06 2017-07-21 Michelin & Cie Dispositif de type pneumatique pour vehicule
FR3045462B1 (fr) 2015-12-17 2017-12-29 Michelin & Cie Ensemble pour pneumatique comprenant des tissu(s) ou tricot(s) impregnes et un moyen de maintien sacrificiel
US20180154694A1 (en) * 2016-12-01 2018-06-07 The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company Lightweight tire assembly

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3390115A1 (fr) 2018-10-24
US11148379B2 (en) 2021-10-19
FR3045463A1 (fr) 2017-06-23
FR3045463B1 (fr) 2017-12-29
JP2019502571A (ja) 2019-01-31
CN108367639A (zh) 2018-08-03
US20180361791A1 (en) 2018-12-20
JP6836595B2 (ja) 2021-03-03
WO2017103491A1 (fr) 2017-06-22
CN108367639B (zh) 2020-10-16

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP3390115B1 (fr) Assemblage pour pneumatique comprenant des tissu(s) ou tricot(s) comprenant des éléments filaires pré-encollés
EP3390114B1 (fr) Ensemble pour pneumatique comprenant des tissu(s) ou tricot(s) imprégnés et un moyen de maintien sacrificiel
EP3568290B1 (fr) Assemblage comprenant un tissu partiellement rompable et une structure porteuse
EP3568289B1 (fr) Assemblage comprenant une structure élastique et une structure porteuse
EP3568291B1 (fr) Assemblage pour pneumatique comprenant une structure rompable et une structure porteuse, pneumatique et procédé de fabrication dudit pneu
EP3319814B1 (fr) Dispositif de type pneumatique pour vehicule
EP3877199B1 (fr) Procede de fabrication d'un pneumatique
EP3490814A1 (fr) Dispositif de type pneumatique pour véhicule
EP3996904B1 (fr) Assemblage comprenant un tissu partiellement rompable et une structure porteuse
EP3996903B1 (fr) Assemblage comprenant un tissu déformable plastiquement et une structure porteuse
EP3877165B1 (fr) Procede de fabrication anti-relaxation d'un pneumatique
EP4045298B1 (fr) Assemblage comprenant un tissu à âme fusible et une structure porteuse
WO2021105623A1 (fr) Assemblage comprenant une structure porteuse adaptable
EP4065355A1 (fr) Assemblage comprenant une structure porteuse adaptable

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: UNKNOWN

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE INTERNATIONAL PUBLICATION HAS BEEN MADE

PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION WAS MADE

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20180717

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Extension state: BA ME

RAP1 Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred)

Owner name: COMPAGNIE GENERALE DES ETABLISSEMENTS MICHELIN

DAV Request for validation of the european patent (deleted)
DAX Request for extension of the european patent (deleted)
GRAP Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: GRANT OF PATENT IS INTENDED

INTG Intention to grant announced

Effective date: 20190709

GRAJ Information related to disapproval of communication of intention to grant by the applicant or resumption of examination proceedings by the epo deleted

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSDIGR1

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION WAS MADE

GRAP Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: GRANT OF PATENT IS INTENDED

INTC Intention to grant announced (deleted)
INTG Intention to grant announced

Effective date: 20191127

GRAS Grant fee paid

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE PATENT HAS BEEN GRANTED

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: FG4D

Free format text: NOT ENGLISH

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: EP

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R096

Ref document number: 602016030769

Country of ref document: DE

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: REF

Ref document number: 1237181

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20200315

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: FG4D

Free format text: LANGUAGE OF EP DOCUMENT: FRENCH

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200526

Ref country code: FI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200226

Ref country code: RS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200226

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: NL

Ref legal event code: MP

Effective date: 20200226

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: LT

Ref legal event code: MG4D

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: HR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200226

Ref country code: GR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200527

Ref country code: IS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200626

Ref country code: BG

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200526

Ref country code: LV

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200226

Ref country code: SE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200226

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200226

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CZ

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200226

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200226

Ref country code: LT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200226

Ref country code: EE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200226

Ref country code: PT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200719

Ref country code: DK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200226

Ref country code: SM

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200226

Ref country code: SK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200226

Ref country code: RO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200226

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: MK05

Ref document number: 1237181

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20200226

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R097

Ref document number: 602016030769

Country of ref document: DE

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200226

Ref country code: AT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200226

26N No opposition filed

Effective date: 20201127

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: PL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200226

Ref country code: SI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200226

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 20201215

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MC

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200226

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: BE

Ref legal event code: MM

Effective date: 20201231

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20201215

Ref country code: IE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20201215

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CH

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20201231

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20201215

Ref country code: LI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20201231

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: TR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200226

Ref country code: MT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200226

Ref country code: CY

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200226

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200226

Ref country code: AL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200226

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20201231

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 20231222

Year of fee payment: 8

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20231214

Year of fee payment: 8