EP3380715B1 - Fuel injector - Google Patents

Fuel injector Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3380715B1
EP3380715B1 EP16775741.8A EP16775741A EP3380715B1 EP 3380715 B1 EP3380715 B1 EP 3380715B1 EP 16775741 A EP16775741 A EP 16775741A EP 3380715 B1 EP3380715 B1 EP 3380715B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sleeve
nozzle needle
supporting element
shaped supporting
fuel injector
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP16775741.8A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3380715A1 (en
Inventor
Georg Sengseis
Friedrich KROEPL
Roland Mitter
Claus Minixhofer
Peter Luckeneder
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP3380715A1 publication Critical patent/EP3380715A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3380715B1 publication Critical patent/EP3380715B1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M47/00—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure
    • F02M47/02—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure of accumulator-injector type, i.e. having fuel pressure of accumulator tending to open, and fuel pressure in other chamber tending to close, injection valves and having means for periodically releasing that closing pressure
    • F02M47/027—Electrically actuated valves draining the chamber to release the closing pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M47/00—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure
    • F02M47/02—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure of accumulator-injector type, i.e. having fuel pressure of accumulator tending to open, and fuel pressure in other chamber tending to close, injection valves and having means for periodically releasing that closing pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012—Valves
    • F02M63/0014—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means
    • F02M63/0015—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means electrical, e.g. using solenoid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012—Valves
    • F02M63/0031—Valves characterized by the type of valves, e.g. special valve member details, valve seat details, valve housing details
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012—Valves
    • F02M63/007—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of the groups F02M63/0014 - F02M63/0059
    • F02M63/0075—Stop members in valves, e.g. plates or disks limiting the movement of armature, valve or spring
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/07—Fuel-injection apparatus having means for avoiding sticking of valve or armature, e.g. preventing hydraulic or magnetic sticking of parts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/50—Arrangements of springs for valves used in fuel injectors or fuel injection pumps

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fuel injector, in particular a common rail injector, for injecting fuel into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such a fuel injector in particular common rail injector, is known from the DE 10 2009 001 704 A1 or from the not previously published DE 10 2014 209 997 known.
  • a high-pressure chamber is formed within a nozzle body of the injector housing.
  • a valve piece is furthermore arranged, which receives an end of a nozzle needle facing away from an injection opening.
  • the nozzle needle is subjected to force by means of a return spring in the closing direction, wherein the nozzle needle cooperates with a nozzle body seat and thereby at least one injection opening opens and closes.
  • the nozzle needle has a radially encircling shoulder, on which a first sleeve-shaped support element rests, wherein the first sleeve-shaped support element is subjected to force by the return spring in the closing direction of the nozzle needle.
  • the restoring spring is supported at its other end on a second sleeve-shaped support element, which is arranged facing away from the combustion chamber end face of the nozzle needle.
  • the mutually facing abutment surfaces of the first sleeve-shaped support member and the second sleeve-shaped support member are spaced from each other, wherein the distance 35 defines the maximum opening stroke in the closed position of the nozzle needle.
  • the stop surface of the first sleeve-shaped support element is located on the stop surface of the second sleeve-shaped support member. This can lead to a hydraulic bonding of the lead both stop surfaces. As a result, the needle closing movement is delayed, resulting in an imprecise injection follows.
  • the invention has the object of developing fuel injectors, in particular common rail injectors, according to the preamble of claim 1 in such a way that a more reliable and faster closing of the nozzle needle and thus a more accurate metering of reaching into the combustion chamber fuel quantity is possible ,
  • the fuel injector has an injector in which a liftably arranged nozzle needle is arranged in a high-pressure chamber for opening or closing at least one injection opening, which limits a control chamber with an end face and which cooperates with the other end face with a nozzle body seat for opening and closing the injection opening.
  • the nozzle needle on a first sleeve-shaped support member which is subjected to force in the closing direction of the nozzle needle and further, the nozzle needle on a second nozzle needle surrounding the sleeve-shaped support member which is arranged in the direction of the control chamber near end face of the nozzle needle, wherein the second support member axially in the closing direction of Nozzle needle is spaced from the first support member.
  • at least one of the mutually facing abutment surfaces of the first sleeve-shaped support member or the second sleeve-shaped support member has at least one recess.
  • the mutually facing abutment surfaces of two sleeve-shaped support elements are provided in such a manner with at least one recess that the contact surface is reduced.
  • the nozzle needle can be closed faster and faster in this way.
  • a dripping of the fuel into the combustion chamber is avoided by the faster closing of the nozzle needle thereby contributing to compliance with emission limits of diesel internal combustion engines.
  • the maximum opening stroke of the nozzle needle is fixed by the distance of the mutually facing abutment surfaces of the first sleeve-shaped support member and the second sleeve-shaped support member in the closed position of the nozzle needle.
  • These mutually facing abutment surfaces of the first sleeve-shaped support member and the second sleeve-shaped support member come into contact with each other at maximum opening of the nozzle needle and thus limit the opening stroke of the nozzle needle.
  • At least one recess of the abutment surfaces of the first sleeve-shaped support member or the second sleeve-shaped support member is formed as a groove.
  • the groove cross-section in the form of a triangle, a semicircle or a quadrilateral, in particular a square or a trapezoid is formed.
  • Such different groove shapes have the advantage that they allow little contact surfaces with little material removal of the respective abutment surfaces of the first sleeve-shaped support member and the second sleeve-shaped support member depending on the shape and thus favor a faster separation from each other during the closing operation of the nozzle needle.
  • grooves are arranged parallel to one another and / or radially and / or following the circumference. Furthermore, a curved or intersecting arrangement of the grooves may be provided.
  • grooves can be combined to form so-called groove groups whose group elements are arranged parallel to each other or enclose an angle with each other. This can be done very easily with, for example, a grinding wheel.
  • both the first sleeve-shaped support member and the second sleeve-shaped support member are disposed within a nozzle body, which is followed by an injector in the direction of the combustion chamber distal end face of the nozzle needle.
  • the nozzle body can be compact and thus save space.
  • the second sleeve-shaped support member is formed in several parts, in addition to a simpler installation, the individual functions of the second sleeve-shaped support element in each case to realize their own components.
  • a stop ring serves as a stop surface of the second sleeve-shaped support member to which a second component of the second sleeve-shaped support member, an adjustment, abuts, which limits the maximum opening stroke of the nozzle needle by its dimensions.
  • This also allows the use of different materials for the stop ring and the adjusting ring of the second tubular support member to ensure a long life adapted to their functions in the fuel injector.
  • the multi-part design of the second sleeve-shaped support member ensures a simple and cost-effective way to replace wear of one of the components of the second sleeve-shaped support member only only this wear-prone component.
  • a restoring spring is present, which exerts a restoring force on the first sleeve-shaped support element in the direction of the nozzle body seat, so that in the closed position no fuel can flow via the at least one injection opening into the combustion chamber.
  • This application of force to the nozzle needle in the closing direction also makes it possible, in the event of possible interruptions in the activation of the nozzle needle, to move it in the closing direction and to prevent unwanted fuel injection into the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine.
  • the return spring is arranged under prestress between the first sleeve-shaped support element and the second sleeve-shaped support element.
  • the nozzle needle has a radially circumferential shoulder, which serves as a support of the first sleeve-shaped support member.
  • FIG. 1 represents a fuel injector 1, here a common rail injector, which is used for injecting fuel into a combustion chamber, not shown, of an internal combustion engine, in particular a self-igniting internal combustion engine.
  • the fuel injector 1 has a multipart injector housing 2 which comprises a nozzle body 3 and an injector body 4 adjoining the nozzle body 3. By means of a nozzle clamping nut 50, a pressure-tight connection between the nozzle body 3 and the injector body 4 is formed.
  • a High-pressure chamber 6 is formed, which continues into the nozzle body 3, where it is formed by a stepped longitudinal bore.
  • the nozzle body 3 On the side facing the combustion chamber, the nozzle body 3 has at least one injection opening 5 extending from the pressure chamber for injecting fuel into the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine.
  • the high-pressure chamber 6 can be filled via an inlet channel 51 with fuel under system pressure.
  • the inlet channel 51 in the central region of the high-pressure chamber 6, perpendicular to a longitudinal axis 7 of the fuel injector 1, is formed.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates the closed position of the nozzle needle 8, which closes the at least one injection opening 5 formed in the nozzle body 3.
  • a nozzle body seat 10 is formed on the inside of the nozzle body 3, with which the nozzle needle 8 cooperates. To open the injection opening 5, the nozzle needle 8 lifts off from the nozzle body seat 10 and thus enables a fuel flow from the high-pressure chamber 6 via the at least one injection opening 5 into the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine.
  • the nozzle needle 8 is part of a nozzle module 54, which comprises a pin-shaped valve piston 13 on its combustion chamber remote end face.
  • the nozzle needle 8 and the valve piston 13 are connected to each other via a central piece 55, for example by laser welding seams.
  • the nozzle needle 8 is mounted in the closed position in the nozzle body seat 10 and by means of an electromagnet 26, see double arrow 53, is movable in the longitudinal direction.
  • the nozzle module 54 surrounds a first sleeve-shaped support member 14 and a second sleeve-shaped support member 16, wherein between the first sleeve-shaped support member 14 and the second sleeve-shaped support member 16, a return spring 15 is arranged under pressure bias.
  • FIG. 2 is a portion of the fuel injector according to the Fig. 1 which enlarges the region of the nozzle needle 8 with the first sleeve-shaped support element 14, the intermediate return spring 15 and the second sleeve-shaped support element 16.
  • the injector housing 2 comprises, on the side of the nozzle module 54 facing away from the combustion chamber, a valve piece 18 which is mounted on the valve piston 13 facing side has a blind hole 19.
  • the valve piston 13 dips into this blind hole 19 with its end.
  • the valve piston 13 and the blind hole 19 define a control chamber 20 which is hydraulically connected via an inlet bore 21 to the high-pressure chamber 6.
  • An outlet throttle 22 formed in the valve piece 18 into a low-pressure region 23 of the fuel injector 1 allows a hydraulic relief of the control chamber 20, wherein the outlet throttle 22 is connected to a drainage channel 52 which is arranged on the side of the injector housing 2 opposite the inlet channel 51 ,
  • the outlet throttle 22 can be closed by a spherical valve element 24, which is part of a control valve 24.
  • the control of the valve 24 via an electromagnet 26, since the spherical valve member 24 depends on a magnet armature. Magnetic energization initiates a lifting of the valve element 24 from the outlet throttle 22.
  • the control chamber 20 and the low-pressure region 23 can be hydraulically connected to one another. This leads to a pressure drop in the control chamber 20, which results in a reduction of the hydraulic closing force of the nozzle needle 8.
  • the nozzle needle 8 thus moves through the force acting in the longitudinal direction of the nozzle needle 8 force in the high-pressure chamber 6.
  • the first sleeve-shaped support element 14 is located, as in FIG. 2 shown on a radially circumferential shoulder 32 of the nozzle needle 8.
  • the second sleeve-shaped support element 16, which is arranged with intermediate storage of the return spring 15 on the first sleeve-shaped support member 14, together with the first sleeve-shaped support member forms a boundary for the maximum opening stroke of the nozzle needle 8.
  • At maximum opening stroke of the nozzle needle 8 are facing abutment surfaces 33, 34th the first sleeve-shaped support member 14 and the second sleeve-shaped support member 16 to each other.
  • the maximum opening stroke is determined by the axial distance 35 of the mutually facing abutment surfaces 33, 34 of the first sleeve-shaped support element 14 and of the second sleeve-shaped support element 16 in the closed position of the nozzle needle 8.
  • a function of the return spring 14 is the nozzle needle 8 in the direction of the at least one injection opening 5 in the To press the nozzle body seat 10 to avoid a fuel inflow into the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine even when the fuel injector is switched off.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates a possible embodiment of the first sleeve-shaped support member 14 as a one-piece component.
  • the second sleeve-shaped support element 16 has a multi-part construction.
  • a possible embodiment of the second sleeve-shaped support member 16 is shown as a two-part component having an adjustment ring 56 with through holes 37 for the fuel and a arranged on the adjusting ring 56 stop ring 38.
  • the adjusting ring 56 forms the component of the second sleeve-shaped support member 16, which determines the limitation of the maximum opening stroke of the nozzle needle 8 and is completely penetrated in the installed position in the injector of the nozzle needle 8 in the axial direction.
  • the stop ring 38 has on the side facing away from the adjusting ring 56 a radially encircling collar 57, wherein the collar 57 serves as a support for the return spring 15.
  • Both the first sleeve-shaped support member 14 and the second sleeve-shaped support member 16 and the return spring 15 are mounted on the nozzle needle 8 before the nozzle needle 8 is welded to the center piece 55. Different diameters of nozzle needle 8 and center piece 55 cause the first sleeve-shaped support member 14, the second sleeve-shaped support member 16 and the return spring 15 are captively connected to the nozzle module 54.
  • the abutment surfaces 33, 34 of the first sleeve-shaped support element 14 and of the second sleeve-shaped support element 16 are not flat in the open position of the nozzle needle 8, as a result of which the adhesion forces are reduced.
  • the recesses 36 in the abutment surfaces 33, 34 of the first sleeve-shaped support member 14 and / or the second sleeve-shaped support member 16 after closing the spherical valve member 24 allow flowing the high-pressure fuel into exactly these recesses 36 and thus additionally accelerate the release of the Stop surfaces 33, 34 of the first sleeve-shaped support member 14 and the second sleeve-shaped support member 16th
  • FIG. 5 illustrates possible embodiments of groove cross-sections in the form of a triangle 136 (FIG. FIG. 5e ), a semicircle 236 ( FIG. 5b ) or a quadrilateral, in particular a square 336 (FIG. FIG. 5a ) or a trapezium 436 ( FIGS. 5c and 5d ).
  • FIG. 6 in plan view of a stop surface 33, 34 of the first sleeve-shaped support member 14 or the second sleeve-shaped support member 16 grooves which are parallel to each other 536 (FIG. FIG. 6a ) and / or radial 636 ( FIG.
  • the grooves have a curved 836, as in FIG. 6d shown or intersecting 936 course ( FIG. 6e ) on.
  • at least two groove groups 1036 may exist, with elements of a groove group arranged parallel to each other and elements of different groove groups 1036 forming an angle with each other.
  • the presented embodiments of the grooves are used to optimize for the faster detachment of the stop surfaces 33, 34 of the first sleeve-shaped support member 14 and the second sleeve-shaped support member 16 and are also in combinations on a respective stop surface 33 or 34 of the first sleeve-shaped support member 14 and the second sleeve-shaped support member 16 applicable.
  • groove shapes 39 are also possible, which fulfill the same function as the already mentioned groove shapes 39 and ensure, for example, the roughness of the stop faces 33, 34 of the first sleeve-shaped support element 14 and of the second sleeve-shaped support element 16.

Description

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Kraftstoff-Injektor, insbesondere Common-Rail-Injektor, zum Einspritzen von Kraftstoff in einen Brennraum einer Brennkraftmaschine nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a fuel injector, in particular a common rail injector, for injecting fuel into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine according to the preamble of claim 1.

Ein derartiger Kraftstoff-Injektor, insbesondere Common-Rail-Injektor, ist aus der DE 10 2009 001 704 A1 bzw. aus der nicht vorveröffentlichten DE 10 2014 209 997 bekannt. Innerhalb eines Düsenkörpers des Injektorgehäuses ist ein Hochdruckraum ausgebildet. Im Injektorkörper ist weiterhin ein Ventilstück angeordnet, welcher ein einer Einspritzöffnung abgewandtes Ende einer Düsennadel aufnimmt. Dabei ist die Düsennadel mittels einer Rückstellfeder in Schließrichtung kraftbeaufschlagt, wobei die Düsennadel mit einem Düsenkörpersitz zusammenwirkt und dadurch wenigstens eine Einspritzöffnung öffnet und schließt. Darüber hinaus weist die Düsennadel einen radial umlaufenden Absatz auf, auf welchem ein erstes hülsenförmiges Stützelement aufliegt, wobei das erste hülsenförmige Stützelement durch die Rückstellfeder in Schließrichtung der Düsennadel kraftbeaufschlagt ist. Dabei stützt sich die Rückstellfeder mit ihrem anderen Ende an einem zweiten hülsenförmigen Stützelement ab, welches der brennraumfernen Stirnseite der Düsennadel zugewandt angeordnet ist.Such a fuel injector, in particular common rail injector, is known from the DE 10 2009 001 704 A1 or from the not previously published DE 10 2014 209 997 known. Within a nozzle body of the injector housing, a high-pressure chamber is formed. In the injector body, a valve piece is furthermore arranged, which receives an end of a nozzle needle facing away from an injection opening. In this case, the nozzle needle is subjected to force by means of a return spring in the closing direction, wherein the nozzle needle cooperates with a nozzle body seat and thereby at least one injection opening opens and closes. In addition, the nozzle needle has a radially encircling shoulder, on which a first sleeve-shaped support element rests, wherein the first sleeve-shaped support element is subjected to force by the return spring in the closing direction of the nozzle needle. In this case, the restoring spring is supported at its other end on a second sleeve-shaped support element, which is arranged facing away from the combustion chamber end face of the nozzle needle.

Zur Limitierung des maximalen Öffnungshubs der Düsennadel sind die einander zugewandten Anschlagflächen des ersten hülsenförmigen Stützelements und des zweiten hülsenförmigen Stützelements zueinander beabstandet, wobei der Abstand 35 in Schließstellung der Düsennadel den maximalen Öffnungshub festlegt.To limit the maximum opening stroke of the nozzle needle, the mutually facing abutment surfaces of the first sleeve-shaped support member and the second sleeve-shaped support member are spaced from each other, wherein the distance 35 defines the maximum opening stroke in the closed position of the nozzle needle.

In Öffnungsstellung der Düsennadel liegt die Anschlagfläche des ersten hülsenförmigen Stützelements an der Anschlagfläche des zweiten hülsenförmigen Stützelements auf. Dies kann zu einem hydraulischen Kleben der beiden Anschlagflächen führen. Dadurch wird die Nadelschließbewegung verzögert, woraus eine unpräzise Einspritzung folgt.In the open position of the nozzle needle, the stop surface of the first sleeve-shaped support element is located on the stop surface of the second sleeve-shaped support member. This can lead to a hydraulic bonding of the lead both stop surfaces. As a result, the needle closing movement is delayed, resulting in an imprecise injection follows.

Vorteile der ErfindungAdvantages of the invention

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, Kraftstoff-Injektoren, insbesondere Common-Rail-Injektoren, nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 auf eine Weise weiterzubilden, dass ein zuverlässigeres und schnelleres Schließen der Düsennadel und damit eine genauere Dosierung der in den Brennraum gelangenden Kraftstoffmenge ermöglicht wird.The invention has the object of developing fuel injectors, in particular common rail injectors, according to the preamble of claim 1 in such a way that a more reliable and faster closing of the nozzle needle and thus a more accurate metering of reaching into the combustion chamber fuel quantity is possible ,

Diese Aufgabe wird bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Kraftstoff-Injektor dadurch gelöst, dass der Kraftstoff-Injektor ein Injektorgehäuse aufweist, in dem in einem Hochdruckraum zum Öffnen bzw. Schließen mindestens einer Einspritzöffnung eine hubbeweglich angeordnete Düsennadel angeordnet ist, welche mit einer Stirnseite einen Steuerraum begrenzt und welche mit der anderen Stirnseite mit einem Düsenkörpersitz zum Öffnen und Schließen der Einspritzöffnung zusammenwirkt. Dabei weist die Düsennadel ein erstes hülsenförmiges Stützelement auf, welches in Schließrichtung der Düsennadel kraftbeaufschlagt ist und weiter weist die Düsennadel ein zweites die Düsennadel umgebendes hülsenförmiges Stützelement auf, welches in Richtung der steuerraumnahen Stirnseite der Düsennadel angeordnet ist, wobei das zweite Stützelement axial in Schließrichtung der Düsennadel von dem ersten Stützelement beabstandet angeordnet ist. Dabei weist wenigstens eine der einander zugewandten Anschlagflächen des ersten hülsenförmigen Stützelements oder des zweiten hülsenförmigen Stützelements wenigstens eine Aussparung auf.This object is achieved with the fuel injector according to the invention in that the fuel injector has an injector in which a liftably arranged nozzle needle is arranged in a high-pressure chamber for opening or closing at least one injection opening, which limits a control chamber with an end face and which cooperates with the other end face with a nozzle body seat for opening and closing the injection opening. In this case, the nozzle needle on a first sleeve-shaped support member which is subjected to force in the closing direction of the nozzle needle and further, the nozzle needle on a second nozzle needle surrounding the sleeve-shaped support member which is arranged in the direction of the control chamber near end face of the nozzle needle, wherein the second support member axially in the closing direction of Nozzle needle is spaced from the first support member. In this case, at least one of the mutually facing abutment surfaces of the first sleeve-shaped support member or the second sleeve-shaped support member has at least one recess.

Anders ausgedrückt werden die zueinander gewandten Anschlagflächen zweier hülsenförmiger Stützelemente auf derarte Weise mit mindestens einer Aussparung versehen, dass die Kontaktfläche verringert wird. Damit lassen sich mögliche Adhäsionskräfte verkleinern und ein hydraulisches Kleben wird verhindert. Die Düsennadel lässt sich auf diese Weise verzögerungsfrei und schneller schließen. Darüber hinaus wird durch den schnelleren Schließvorgang der Düsennadel ein Nachtropfen des Kraftstoffs in den Brennraum vermieden und trägt dadurch zu einer Einhaltung von Schadstoffgrenzwerten von Dieselverbrennungsmotoren bei.In other words, the mutually facing abutment surfaces of two sleeve-shaped support elements are provided in such a manner with at least one recess that the contact surface is reduced. Thus, possible adhesion forces can be reduced and hydraulic bonding is prevented. The nozzle needle can be closed faster and faster in this way. In addition, a dripping of the fuel into the combustion chamber is avoided by the faster closing of the nozzle needle thereby contributing to compliance with emission limits of diesel internal combustion engines.

Erfindungsgemäß ist es vorgesehen, dass der maximale Öffnungshub der Düsennadel durch den Abstand der einander zugewandten Anschlagflächen des ersten hülsenförmigen Stützelements und des zweiten hülsenförmigen Stützelements in Schließstellung der Düsennadel festgesetzt ist. Diese einander zugewandten Anschlagflächen des ersten hülsenförmigen Stützelements und des zweiten hülsenförmigen Stützelements kommen bei maximaler Öffnung der Düsennadel aneinander zur Anlage und begrenzen somit den Öffnungshub der Düsennadel.According to the invention, it is provided that the maximum opening stroke of the nozzle needle is fixed by the distance of the mutually facing abutment surfaces of the first sleeve-shaped support member and the second sleeve-shaped support member in the closed position of the nozzle needle. These mutually facing abutment surfaces of the first sleeve-shaped support member and the second sleeve-shaped support member come into contact with each other at maximum opening of the nozzle needle and thus limit the opening stroke of the nozzle needle.

Weitere vorteilhafte Weiterentwicklungen der Erfindung werden in den Unteransprüche aufgeführt.Further advantageous developments of the invention are listed in the subclaims.

In erster vorteilhafter Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist es vorgesehen, dass wenigstens eine Aussparung der Anschlagflächen des ersten hülsenförmigen Stützelements oder des zweiten hülsenförmigen Stützelements als Nut ausgebildet ist. Eine derarte Weiterbildung hat den Vorteil, dass die Aussparung in den Anschlagflächen des ersten hülsenförmigen Stützelements oder des zweiten hülsenförmigen Stützelements leicht herzustellen ist.In a first advantageous embodiment of the invention, it is provided that at least one recess of the abutment surfaces of the first sleeve-shaped support member or the second sleeve-shaped support member is formed as a groove. A derarte development has the advantage that the recess in the abutment surfaces of the first sleeve-shaped support member or the second sleeve-shaped support member is easy to produce.

Dabei kann es in vorteilhafter Weise vorgesehen sein, dass der Nutquerschnitt in Form eines Dreiecks, eines Halbkreises oder eines Vierecks, insbesondere eines Quadrats oder eines Trapezes, ausgebildet ist. Derart unterschiedliche Nutformen haben den Vorteil, dass sie je nach Form wenig Kontaktflächen bei wenig Materialabtrag der jeweiligen Anschlagflächen des ersten hülsenförmigen Stützelements und des zweiten hülsenförmigen Stützelements erlauben und somit eine schnellere Loslösung voneinander während des Schließvorgangs der Düsennadel begünstigen.It may be provided in an advantageous manner that the groove cross-section in the form of a triangle, a semicircle or a quadrilateral, in particular a square or a trapezoid, is formed. Such different groove shapes have the advantage that they allow little contact surfaces with little material removal of the respective abutment surfaces of the first sleeve-shaped support member and the second sleeve-shaped support member depending on the shape and thus favor a faster separation from each other during the closing operation of the nozzle needle.

Weiter kann es in vorteilhafter Weise vorgesehen sein, dass die Nuten parallel zueinander und/oder radial und/oder dem Umfang folgend angeordnet sind. Weiterhin kann eine gekrümmte oder sich kreuzende Anordnung der Nuten vorgesehen sein. Darüber hinaus lassen sich Nuten zu sogenannten Nutgruppen zusammenfassen, deren Gruppenelemente zueinander parallel angeordnet sind oder einen Winkel miteinander einschließen. Dies kann sehr einfach mit beispielsweise einer Schleifscheibe hergestellt werden.Furthermore, it may be provided in an advantageous manner that the grooves are arranged parallel to one another and / or radially and / or following the circumference. Furthermore, a curved or intersecting arrangement of the grooves may be provided. In addition, grooves can be combined to form so-called groove groups whose group elements are arranged parallel to each other or enclose an angle with each other. This can be done very easily with, for example, a grinding wheel.

In einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist mit Vorteil vorgesehen, dass sowohl das erste hülsenförmige Stützelement als auch das zweite hülsenförmige Stützelement innerhalb eines Düsenkörpers angeordnet sind, an welchen sich in Richtung der brennraumfernen Stirnseite der Düsennadel ein Injektorkörper anschließt. Damit lässt sich der Düsenkörper kompakt und damit platzsparend aufbauen.In a further embodiment of the invention is advantageously provided that both the first sleeve-shaped support member and the second sleeve-shaped support member are disposed within a nozzle body, which is followed by an injector in the direction of the combustion chamber distal end face of the nozzle needle. Thus, the nozzle body can be compact and thus save space.

In einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist es vorgesehen, dass das zweite hülsenförmige Stützelement mehrteilig ausgebildet ist, um neben einer einfacheren Montage die einzelnen Funktionen des zweiten hülsenförmigen Stützelements in jeweils eigenen Bauelementen zu realisieren. So kann es vorgesehen sein, dass ein Anschlagring als Anschlagfläche des zweiten hülsenförmigen Stützelements dient, an dem ein zweites Bauelement des zweiten hülsenförmigen Stützelements, einem Einstellring, anliegt, welcher durch seine Abmessungen den maximalen Öffnungshub der Düsennadel begrenzt. Dies ermöglicht auch die Verwendung von verschiedenen Materialien für den Anschlagring und den Einstellring des zweiten hülsenförmigen Stützelements, um eine lange Lebensdauer angepasst an ihre Funktionen im Kraftstoff-Injektor zu gewährleisten. Des Weiteren sichert die mehrteilige Ausbildung des zweiten hülsenförmigen Stützelements eine einfache und kostengünstige Möglichkeit, bei Verschleiß von einem der Bauelemente des zweiten hülsenförmigen Stützelements lediglich nur dieses mit Verschleiß behaftete Bauelement zu ersetzen.In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the second sleeve-shaped support member is formed in several parts, in addition to a simpler installation, the individual functions of the second sleeve-shaped support element in each case to realize their own components. Thus, it can be provided that a stop ring serves as a stop surface of the second sleeve-shaped support member to which a second component of the second sleeve-shaped support member, an adjustment, abuts, which limits the maximum opening stroke of the nozzle needle by its dimensions. This also allows the use of different materials for the stop ring and the adjusting ring of the second tubular support member to ensure a long life adapted to their functions in the fuel injector. Furthermore, the multi-part design of the second sleeve-shaped support member ensures a simple and cost-effective way to replace wear of one of the components of the second sleeve-shaped support member only only this wear-prone component.

In einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist es mit Vorteil vorgesehen, dass eine Rückstellfeder vorhanden ist, die eine Rückstellkraft auf das erste hülsenförmige Stützelement in Richtung des Düsenkörpersitzes ausübt, damit in Schließstellung kein Kraftstoff über die mindestens eine Einspritzöffnung in den Brennraum fließen kann. Diese Kraftbeaufschlagung der Düsennadel in Schließrichtung ermöglicht es auch, bei möglichen Unterbrechungen der Ansteuerung der Düsennadel diese in Schließrichtung zu bewegen und ein unerwünschtes Kraftstoff-Einspritzen in den Brennraum einer Brennkraftmaschine zu verhindern. Dabei ist die Rückstellfeder unter Vorspannung zwischen dem ersten hülsenförmigen Stützelement und dem zweiten hülsenförmigen Stützelement angeordnet.In a further embodiment of the invention, it is advantageously provided that a restoring spring is present, which exerts a restoring force on the first sleeve-shaped support element in the direction of the nozzle body seat, so that in the closed position no fuel can flow via the at least one injection opening into the combustion chamber. This application of force to the nozzle needle in the closing direction also makes it possible, in the event of possible interruptions in the activation of the nozzle needle, to move it in the closing direction and to prevent unwanted fuel injection into the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine. In this case, the return spring is arranged under prestress between the first sleeve-shaped support element and the second sleeve-shaped support element.

In weiterer vorteilhafter Ausgestaltung des Kraftstoff-Injektors kann es vorgesehen sein, dass die Düsennadel einen radial umlaufenden Absatz aufweist, welcher als Auflage des ersten hülsenförmigen Stützelements dient.In a further advantageous embodiment of the fuel injector, it may be provided that the nozzle needle has a radially circumferential shoulder, which serves as a support of the first sleeve-shaped support member.

Weitere Vorteile, Merkmale und Einzelheiten der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung bevorzugter Ausführungsbeispiele sowie anhand der Zeichnungen.Further advantages, features and details of the invention will become apparent from the following description of preferred embodiments and from the drawings.

Diese zeigen in:

Fig. 1
einen Längsschnitt durch einen erfindungsgemäßen Kraftstoff-Injektor,
Fig. 2
einen Teilbereich des Kraftstoff-Injektors gemäß der Fig. 1 im Bereich einer Einrichtung, welche durch das erste hülsenförmige Stützelement und das zweite hülsenförmige Stützelement ausgezeichnet ist und welche den maximalen Öffnungshub der Düsennadel festlegt,
Fig. 3
das erste hülsenförmige Stützelement in perspektivischer Ansicht,
Fig. 4
das zweite hülsenförmige Stützelement in mehrteiliger Ausführung mit einem Einstellring und einem Anschlagring in perspektivischer Ansicht,
Fig. 5
verschiedene Ausformungen von Nuten.
These show in:
Fig. 1
a longitudinal section through a fuel injector according to the invention,
Fig. 2
a portion of the fuel injector according to the Fig. 1 in the region of a device which is characterized by the first sleeve-shaped support element and the second sleeve-shaped support element and which determines the maximum opening stroke of the nozzle needle,
Fig. 3
the first sleeve-shaped support element in perspective view,
Fig. 4
the second sleeve-shaped support element in a multi-part design with an adjusting ring and a stop ring in a perspective view,
Fig. 5
different formations of grooves.

Elemente mit gleicher Funktion sind in den Figuren mit den gleichen Bezugsziffern versehen.Elements with the same function are provided with the same reference numbers in the figures.

Beschreibung der AusführungsbeispieleDescription of the embodiments

Figur 1 stellt einen Kraftstoff-Injektor 1 dar, hier einen Common-Rail-Injektor, welcher zum Einspritzen von Kraftstoff in einen nicht gezeigten Brennraum einer Brennkraftmaschine, insbesondere einer selbstzündenden Brennkraftmaschine, verwendet wird. Der Kraftstoff-Injektor 1 weist ein mehrteiliges Injektorgehäuse 2 auf, welches einen Düsenkörper 3 sowie einen an den Düsenkörper 3 anschließenden Injektorkörper 4 umfasst. Mittels einer Düsenspannmutter 50 wird eine druckdichte Verbindung zwischen dem Düsenkörper 3 und dem Injektorkörper 4 ausgebildet. Innerhalb des Injektorgehäuses 2 ist ein Hochdruckraum 6 ausgebildet, welcher sich bis in den Düsenkörper 3 fortsetzt, wo er durch eine gestufte Längsbohrung gebildet ist. Der Düsenkörper 3 weist auf der dem Brennraum zugewandten Seite mindestens eine vom Druckraum ausgehende Einspritzöffnung 5 zum Einspritzen von Kraftstoff in den Brennraum der Brennkraftmaschine auf. Der Hochdruckraum 6 ist über einen Zulaufkanal 51 mit unter Systemdruck stehenden Kraftstoff befüllbar. Im dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel ist der Zulaufkanal 51 im mittleren Bereich des Hochdruckraums 6, senkrecht zu einer Längsachse 7 des Kraftstoff-Injektors 1, ausgebildet. FIG. 1 represents a fuel injector 1, here a common rail injector, which is used for injecting fuel into a combustion chamber, not shown, of an internal combustion engine, in particular a self-igniting internal combustion engine. The fuel injector 1 has a multipart injector housing 2 which comprises a nozzle body 3 and an injector body 4 adjoining the nozzle body 3. By means of a nozzle clamping nut 50, a pressure-tight connection between the nozzle body 3 and the injector body 4 is formed. Within the injector 2 is a High-pressure chamber 6 is formed, which continues into the nozzle body 3, where it is formed by a stepped longitudinal bore. On the side facing the combustion chamber, the nozzle body 3 has at least one injection opening 5 extending from the pressure chamber for injecting fuel into the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine. The high-pressure chamber 6 can be filled via an inlet channel 51 with fuel under system pressure. In the illustrated embodiment, the inlet channel 51 in the central region of the high-pressure chamber 6, perpendicular to a longitudinal axis 7 of the fuel injector 1, is formed.

Im Hochdruckraum 6 ist eine kolbenförmige Düsennadel 8 in ihrer Längsrichtung hubbeweglich angeordnet. Figur 1 illustriert die Schließstellung der Düsennadel 8, welche die wenigstens eine in dem Düsenkörper 3 ausgebildete Einspritzöffnung 5 verschließt. Dafür ist an der Innenseite des Düsenkörpers 3 ein Düsenkörpersitz 10 ausgebildet, mit dem die Düsennadel 8 zusammenwirkt. Zum Öffnen der Einspritzöffnung 5 hebt die Düsennadel 8 von dem Düsenkörpersitz 10 ab und ermöglicht so einen Kraftstofffluss aus dem Hochdruckraum 6 über die wenigstens eine Einspritzöffnung 5 in den Brennraum der Brennkraftmaschine.In the high-pressure chamber 6, a piston-shaped nozzle needle 8 is arranged in a liftable manner in its longitudinal direction. FIG. 1 illustrates the closed position of the nozzle needle 8, which closes the at least one injection opening 5 formed in the nozzle body 3. For this purpose, a nozzle body seat 10 is formed on the inside of the nozzle body 3, with which the nozzle needle 8 cooperates. To open the injection opening 5, the nozzle needle 8 lifts off from the nozzle body seat 10 and thus enables a fuel flow from the high-pressure chamber 6 via the at least one injection opening 5 into the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine.

Die Düsennadel 8 ist Bestandteil eines Düsenmoduls 54, welches auf seiner brennraumfernen Stirnseite einen stiftförmigen Ventilkolben 13 umfasst. Die Düsennadel 8 und der Ventilkolben 13 sind über ein Mittelstück 55 miteinander verbunden, beispielsweise durch Laserschweißnähte. Dabei ist die Düsennadel 8 in Schließstellung in dem Düsenkörpersitz 10 gelagert und mittels eines Elektromagneten 26, siehe Doppelpfeil 53, in Längsrichtung bewegbar ist. Im Bereich der Düsennadel 8 umgibt das Düsenmodul 54 ein erstes hülsenförmiges Stützelement 14 und ein zweites hülsenförmiges Stützelement 16, wobei zwischen dem ersten hülsenförmigen Stützelement 14 und dem zweiten hülsenförmigen Stützelement 16 eine Rückstellfeder 15 unter Druckvorspannung angeordnet ist. In Figur 2 ist ein Teilbereich des Kraftstoff-Injektors gemäß der Fig. 1 dargestellt, welcher den Bereich der Düsennadel 8 mit dem ersten hülsenförmigen Stützelement 14, der zwischengelagerten Rückstellfeder 15 und dem zweiten hülsenförmigen Stützelement 16 vergrößert zeigt.The nozzle needle 8 is part of a nozzle module 54, which comprises a pin-shaped valve piston 13 on its combustion chamber remote end face. The nozzle needle 8 and the valve piston 13 are connected to each other via a central piece 55, for example by laser welding seams. In this case, the nozzle needle 8 is mounted in the closed position in the nozzle body seat 10 and by means of an electromagnet 26, see double arrow 53, is movable in the longitudinal direction. In the region of the nozzle needle 8, the nozzle module 54 surrounds a first sleeve-shaped support member 14 and a second sleeve-shaped support member 16, wherein between the first sleeve-shaped support member 14 and the second sleeve-shaped support member 16, a return spring 15 is arranged under pressure bias. In FIG. 2 is a portion of the fuel injector according to the Fig. 1 which enlarges the region of the nozzle needle 8 with the first sleeve-shaped support element 14, the intermediate return spring 15 and the second sleeve-shaped support element 16.

Das Injektorgehäuse 2 umfasst auf der dem Brennraum abgewandten Seite des Düsenmoduls 54 ein Ventilstück 18, welches auf der dem Ventilkolben 13 zugewandten Seite eine Sacklochbohrung 19 aufweist. Der Ventilkolben 13 taucht in diese Sacklochbohrung 19 mit seinem Endbereich ein. Der Ventilkolben 13 und die Sacklochbohrung 19 begrenzen einen Steuerraum 20, welcher hydraulisch über eine Zulaufbohrung 21 mit dem Hochdruckraum 6 verbunden ist. Eine in dem Ventilstück 18 ausgebildete Ablaufdrossel 22 in einen Niederdruckbereich 23 des Kraftstoff-Injektors 1 ermöglicht eine hydraulische Entlastung des Steuerraums 20, wobei die Ablaufdrossel 22 mit einem Ablaufkanal 52, welcher auf der dem Zulaufkanal 51 gegenüberliegenden Seite des Injektorgehäuses 2 angeordnet ist, verbunden ist.The injector housing 2 comprises, on the side of the nozzle module 54 facing away from the combustion chamber, a valve piece 18 which is mounted on the valve piston 13 facing side has a blind hole 19. The valve piston 13 dips into this blind hole 19 with its end. The valve piston 13 and the blind hole 19 define a control chamber 20 which is hydraulically connected via an inlet bore 21 to the high-pressure chamber 6. An outlet throttle 22 formed in the valve piece 18 into a low-pressure region 23 of the fuel injector 1 allows a hydraulic relief of the control chamber 20, wherein the outlet throttle 22 is connected to a drainage channel 52 which is arranged on the side of the injector housing 2 opposite the inlet channel 51 ,

Um den Steuerraum 20 und den Niederdruckbereich 23 hydraulisch voneinander zu trennen, kann die Ablaufdrossel 22 durch ein kugelförmiges Ventilelement 24, das Teil eines Steuerventils 24 ist, verschlossen werden. Die Steuerung des Ventils 24 erfolgt über einen Elektromagneten 26, da das kugelförmige Ventilelement 24 an einem Magnetanker hängt. Durch eine Magnetbestromung wird eine Abhebung des Ventilelements 24 von der Ablaufdrossel 22 initiiert. Dadurch können der Steuerraum 20 und der Niederdruckbereich 23 hydraulisch miteinander verbunden werden. Dies führt zu einem Druckabfall im Steuerraum 20, was eine Verringerung der hydraulischen Schließkraft der Düsennadel 8 zur Folge hat. Die Düsennadel 8 bewegt sich somit durch die in Längsrichtung auf die Düsennadel 8 wirkende Kraft im Hochdruckraum 6. Damit wird das Einströmen von Kraftstoff über die wenigstens eine nun freigegebene Einspritzöffnung 5 in den Brennraum der Brennkraftmaschine ermöglicht.In order to hydraulically separate the control chamber 20 and the low-pressure region 23, the outlet throttle 22 can be closed by a spherical valve element 24, which is part of a control valve 24. The control of the valve 24 via an electromagnet 26, since the spherical valve member 24 depends on a magnet armature. Magnetic energization initiates a lifting of the valve element 24 from the outlet throttle 22. As a result, the control chamber 20 and the low-pressure region 23 can be hydraulically connected to one another. This leads to a pressure drop in the control chamber 20, which results in a reduction of the hydraulic closing force of the nozzle needle 8. The nozzle needle 8 thus moves through the force acting in the longitudinal direction of the nozzle needle 8 force in the high-pressure chamber 6. Thus, the inflow of fuel through the at least one now released injection port 5 is made possible in the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine.

Das erste hülsenförmige Stützelement 14 liegt, wie in Figur 2 gezeigt, auf einem radial umlaufenden Absatz 32 der Düsennadel 8 auf. Das zweite hülsenförmige Stützelement 16, welches unter Zwischenlagerung der Rückstellfeder 15 am ersten hülsenförmigen Stützelement 14 angeordnet ist, bildet zusammen mit dem ersten hülsenförmigen Stützelement eine Begrenzung für den maximalen Öffnungshub der Düsennadel 8. Bei maximalem Öffnungshub der Düsennadel 8 liegen einander zugewandten Anschlagflächen 33, 34 des ersten hülsenförmigen Stützelements 14 und des zweiten hülsenförmigen Stützelements 16 aneinander an. Dadurch ist der maximale Öffnungshub durch den axialen Abstand 35 der einander zugewandten Anschlagflächen 33, 34 des ersten hülsenförmigen Stützelements 14 und des zweiten hülsenförmigen Stützelements 16 in Schließstellung der Düsennadel 8 festgelegt. Eine Funktion der Rückstellfeder 14 ist, die Düsennadel 8 in Richtung der wenigstens einen Einspritzöffnung 5 in den Düsenkörpersitz 10 zu drücken, um auch bei ausgeschaltetem Kraftstoff-Injektor ein Kraftstoff-Einfließen in den Brennraum der Brennkraftmaschine zu vermeiden.The first sleeve-shaped support element 14 is located, as in FIG. 2 shown on a radially circumferential shoulder 32 of the nozzle needle 8. The second sleeve-shaped support element 16, which is arranged with intermediate storage of the return spring 15 on the first sleeve-shaped support member 14, together with the first sleeve-shaped support member forms a boundary for the maximum opening stroke of the nozzle needle 8. At maximum opening stroke of the nozzle needle 8 are facing abutment surfaces 33, 34th the first sleeve-shaped support member 14 and the second sleeve-shaped support member 16 to each other. As a result, the maximum opening stroke is determined by the axial distance 35 of the mutually facing abutment surfaces 33, 34 of the first sleeve-shaped support element 14 and of the second sleeve-shaped support element 16 in the closed position of the nozzle needle 8. A function of the return spring 14 is the nozzle needle 8 in the direction of the at least one injection opening 5 in the To press the nozzle body seat 10 to avoid a fuel inflow into the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine even when the fuel injector is switched off.

Figur 3 veranschaulicht ein mögliches Ausführungsbeispiel des ersten hülsenförmigen Stützelements 14 als einteiliges Bauelement. Dabei sind an einigen Stellen der Anschlagfläche 33 des ersten hülsenförmigen Stützelements 14 Aussparungen 36 ausgebildet, welche im weiteren Verlauf der Beschreibung im Detail erläutert werden. Das zweite hülsenförmige Stützelement 16 weist einen mehrteiligen Aufbau auf. In Figur 4 ist ein mögliches Ausführungsbeispiel des zweiten hülsenförmigen Stützelements 16 als zweiteiliges Bauteil dargestellt, welches einen Einstellring 56 mit Durchgangsbohrungen 37 für den Kraftstoff und einem an dem Einstellring 56 angeordneten Anschlagring 38 aufweist. Der Einstellring 56 bildet das Bauteil des zweiten hülsenförmigen Stützelements 16, welches die Begrenzung des maximalen Öffnungshubs der Düsennadel 8 bestimmt und ist in Einbauposition im Injektor von der Düsennadel 8 in Axialrichtung vollständig durchsetzt. Der Anschlagring 38 weist auf der dem Einstellring 56 abgewandten Seite einen radial umlaufenden Bund 57 auf, wobei der Bund 57 als Stütze für die Rückstellfeder 15 dient. Sowohl das erste hülsenförmige Stützelement 14 als auch das zweite hülsenförmige Stützelement 16 sowie die Rückstellfeder 15 werden an der Düsennadel 8 montiert, bevor die Düsennadel 8 mit dem Mittelstück 55 verschweißt wird. Unterschiedliche Durchmesser von Düsennadel 8 und Mittelstück 55 führen dazu, dass das erste hülsenförmige Stützelement 14, das zweite hülsenförmige Stützelement 16 und die Rückstellfeder 15 unverlierbar mit dem Düsenmodul 54 verbunden sind. FIG. 3 illustrates a possible embodiment of the first sleeve-shaped support member 14 as a one-piece component. In this case, at some points of the stop surface 33 of the first sleeve-shaped support member 14 recesses 36 are formed, which will be explained in the further course of the description in detail. The second sleeve-shaped support element 16 has a multi-part construction. In FIG. 4 a possible embodiment of the second sleeve-shaped support member 16 is shown as a two-part component having an adjustment ring 56 with through holes 37 for the fuel and a arranged on the adjusting ring 56 stop ring 38. The adjusting ring 56 forms the component of the second sleeve-shaped support member 16, which determines the limitation of the maximum opening stroke of the nozzle needle 8 and is completely penetrated in the installed position in the injector of the nozzle needle 8 in the axial direction. The stop ring 38 has on the side facing away from the adjusting ring 56 a radially encircling collar 57, wherein the collar 57 serves as a support for the return spring 15. Both the first sleeve-shaped support member 14 and the second sleeve-shaped support member 16 and the return spring 15 are mounted on the nozzle needle 8 before the nozzle needle 8 is welded to the center piece 55. Different diameters of nozzle needle 8 and center piece 55 cause the first sleeve-shaped support member 14, the second sleeve-shaped support member 16 and the return spring 15 are captively connected to the nozzle module 54.

Die Anschlagflächen 33, 34 des ersten hülsenförmigen Stützelements 14 und des zweiten hülsenförmigen Stützelements 16 weisen, wie bereits in Figur 3 gezeigt, mindestens eine Aussparung 36 auf, welche durch eine Nutform 39 gebildet ist. Dadurch liegen die Anschlagflächen 33, 34 des ersten hülsenförmigen Stützelements 14 und des zweiten hülsenförmigen Stützelements 16 in Öffnungsstellung der Düsennadel 8 nicht flächig aufeinander, wodurch die Adhäsionskräfte vermindert sind. Geringere Adhäsionskräfte ermöglichen eine schnellere Ablösung der Anschlagflächen 33, 34 des ersten hülsenförmigen Stützelements 14 und des zweiten hülsenförmigen Stützelements 16 voneinander und somit ein präziseres Schließen der Düsennadel 8 und ein unbeabsichtigtes Nachfließen von Kraftstoff über die wenigstens eine Einspritzung 5 in den Brennraum. Des Weiteren ermöglichen die Aussparungen 36 in den Anschlagflächen 33, 34 des ersten hülsenförmigen Stützelements 14 und/oder des zweiten hülsenförmigen Stützelements 16 nach Schließung des kugelförmigen Ventilelements 24 ein Einfließen des unter Hochdruck stehenden Kraftstoffes in genau diese Aussparungen 36 und beschleunigen somit zusätzlich das Loslösen der Anschlagflächen 33, 34 des ersten hülsenförmigen Stützelements 14 und des zweiten hülsenförmigen Stützelements 16.The stop surfaces 33, 34 of the first sleeve-shaped support member 14 and the second sleeve-shaped support member 16, as already in FIG. 3 shown, at least one recess 36, which is formed by a groove shape 39. As a result, the abutment surfaces 33, 34 of the first sleeve-shaped support element 14 and of the second sleeve-shaped support element 16 are not flat in the open position of the nozzle needle 8, as a result of which the adhesion forces are reduced. Lower adhesion forces allow a faster detachment of the abutment surfaces 33, 34 of the first sleeve-shaped support element 14 and the second sleeve-shaped support element 16 from each other and thus a more precise closing of the nozzle needle 8 and unintentional refilling of fuel over the at least one injection 5 in the combustion chamber. Furthermore, the recesses 36 in the abutment surfaces 33, 34 of the first sleeve-shaped support member 14 and / or the second sleeve-shaped support member 16 after closing the spherical valve member 24 allow flowing the high-pressure fuel into exactly these recesses 36 and thus additionally accelerate the release of the Stop surfaces 33, 34 of the first sleeve-shaped support member 14 and the second sleeve-shaped support member 16th

Die Aussparungen 36 weisen unterschiedliche Querschnitte auf. Figur 5 illustriert mögliche Ausführungsformen von Nutquerschnitten in Form eines Dreiecks 136 (Figur 5e), eines Halbkreises 236 (Figur 5b) oder eines Vierecks, insbesondere eines Quadrats 336 (Figur 5a) oder eines Trapezes 436 (Figur 5c und 5d). Des Weiteren zeigt Figur 6 in Draufsicht auf eine Anschlagfläche 33, 34 des ersten hülsenförmigen Stützelements 14 oder des zweiten hülsenförmigen Stützelements 16 Nuten, die parallel zueinander 536 (Figur 6a) und/oder radial 636 (Figur 6c) und/oder dem Umfang des Stützelements folgend 736 (Figur 6e) angeordnet sind. Darüber hinaus weisen die Nuten einen gekrümmten 836, wie in Figur 6d gezeigt, oder sich kreuzenden 936 Verlauf (Figur 6e) auf. Wie in Figur 6b dargestellt, können außerdem mindestens zwei Nutgruppen 1036 existieren, wobei Elemente einer Nutgruppe zueinander parallel angeordnet sind und Elemente aus verschiedenen Nutgruppen 1036 einen Winkel miteinander einschließen.The recesses 36 have different cross sections. FIG. 5 illustrates possible embodiments of groove cross-sections in the form of a triangle 136 (FIG. FIG. 5e ), a semicircle 236 ( FIG. 5b ) or a quadrilateral, in particular a square 336 (FIG. FIG. 5a ) or a trapezium 436 ( FIGS. 5c and 5d ). Further shows FIG. 6 in plan view of a stop surface 33, 34 of the first sleeve-shaped support member 14 or the second sleeve-shaped support member 16 grooves which are parallel to each other 536 (FIG. FIG. 6a ) and / or radial 636 ( FIG. 6c ) and / or the circumference of the support element following 736 ( FIG. 6e ) are arranged. In addition, the grooves have a curved 836, as in FIG. 6d shown or intersecting 936 course ( FIG. 6e ) on. As in FIG. 6b In addition, at least two groove groups 1036 may exist, with elements of a groove group arranged parallel to each other and elements of different groove groups 1036 forming an angle with each other.

Die vorgestellten Ausführungsformen der Nuten dienen zur Optimierung für das schnellere Loslösen der Anschlagflächen 33, 34 des ersten hülsenförmigen Stützelements 14 und des zweiten hülsenförmigen Stützelements 16 und sind auch in Kombinationen auf jeweils einer Anschlagfläche 33 oder 34 des ersten hülsenförmigen Stützelements 14 und des zweiten hülsenförmigen Stützelements 16 anwendbar.The presented embodiments of the grooves are used to optimize for the faster detachment of the stop surfaces 33, 34 of the first sleeve-shaped support member 14 and the second sleeve-shaped support member 16 and are also in combinations on a respective stop surface 33 or 34 of the first sleeve-shaped support member 14 and the second sleeve-shaped support member 16 applicable.

Neben all diesen Ausführungsformen sind auch noch weitere Nutformen 39 möglich, welche dieselbe Funktion wie die bereits erwähnten Nutformen 39 erfüllen und beispielsweise die Rauigkeit der Anschlagflächen 33, 34 des ersten hülsenförmigen Stützelements 14 und des zweiten hülsenförmigen Stützelements 16 gewährleisten.In addition to all these embodiments, other groove shapes 39 are also possible, which fulfill the same function as the already mentioned groove shapes 39 and ensure, for example, the roughness of the stop faces 33, 34 of the first sleeve-shaped support element 14 and of the second sleeve-shaped support element 16.

Zur Kontaktflächenreduktion der Anschlagflächen 33, 34 des ersten hülsenförmigen Stützelements 14 und des zweiten hülsenförmigen Stützelements 16 können herkömmliche Methoden wie fräsen, schleifen oder prägen verwendet werden. Es ist auch möglich, Material mit einem LASER abzutragen.For contact surface reduction of the abutment surfaces 33, 34 of the first sleeve-shaped support member 14 and the second sleeve-shaped support member 16 conventional methods such as milling, grinding or embossing can be used. It is also possible to remove material with a LASER.

Claims (12)

  1. Fuel injector, in particular a common-rail injector (1), having an injector housing (2), in which a nozzle needle (8), which is arranged in such a way that the nozzle needle can be moved in a reciprocating manner, is arranged in a high-pressure space (6) in order to open and close at least one injection opening (5), which nozzle needle delimits a control space (20) by means of one end and interacts with a nozzle body seat (10) by means of the other end in order to open and close the injection opening (5), wherein the nozzle needle (8) has a first sleeve-shaped supporting element (14), which is subjected to a force in the closing direction of the nozzle needle (8), and which nozzle needle (8) has a second sleeve-shaped supporting element (16), which surrounds the nozzle needle (8) and which is arranged in the direction of the end of the nozzle needle (8) that is close to the control space, and which second supporting element (16) is arranged at a distance from the first supporting element (14) axially in the closing direction of the nozzle needle (8),
    characterized
    in that at least one of the mutually facing stop surfaces (33, 34) of the first (14) sleeve-shaped supporting element or of the second (16) sleeve-shaped supporting element has at least one recess (36), wherein in order to limit the opening stroke of the nozzle needle (8), the mutually facing stop surfaces (33, 34) of the first sleeve-shaped supporting element (14) and of the second sleeve-shaped supporting element (16) come into contact with one another at the maximum opening stroke of the nozzle needle (8), whereby at least one injection opening (5) is opened, wherein the maximum opening stroke of the nozzle needle (8) is defined by the distance (35) between the mutually facing stop surfaces of the first sleeve-shaped supporting element (14) and of the second sleeve-shaped supporting element (16) in the closed position of the nozzle needle (8).
  2. Fuel injector according to Claim 1,
    characterized
    in that at least one recess (36) in the stop surface (33) of the first sleeve-shaped element (14) or the recess (36) in the stop surface (34) of the second sleeve-shaped element (16) is designed as a groove.
  3. Fuel injector according to Claim 2,
    characterized
    in that the groove cross section has the shape of a triangle (136), of a semicircle (236) or of a rectangle, in particular of a square (336) or of a trapezoid (436).
  4. Fuel injector according to either of Claims 2 and 3,
    characterized
    in that the grooves are arranged parallel to one another (536) and/or radially (636) and/or so as to follow the circumference (736).
  5. Fuel injector according to one of Claims 2 to 4,
    characterized
    in that the grooves are arranged so as to be curved (836) and/or so as to intersect (936).
  6. Fuel injector according to one of Claims 2 to 5,
    characterized
    in that there are at least two groove groups (1036), the group elements of which are arranged parallel to one another and which groove groups are at an angle to one another.
  7. Fuel injector according to Claim 1,
    characterized
    in that the first sleeve-shaped supporting element (14) and the second sleeve-shaped supporting element (16) are arranged within a nozzle body (3), which is adjoined by an injector body (4) in the direction of the end of the nozzle needle (8) remote from the combustion chamber.
  8. Fuel injector according to Claim 7,
    characterized
    in that the second sleeve-shaped supporting element (16) is fixed on the injector body (2) by means of its end facing the control space.
  9. Fuel injector according to one of Claims 1, 7 and 8,
    characterized
    in that the second sleeve-shaped supporting element (16) is of multi-part design.
  10. Fuel injector according to one of Claims 1, 7, 8 and 9,
    characterized
    in that there is a return spring (15), which exerts a returning force on the first sleeve-shaped supporting element (14) in the direction of the nozzle body seat (10) .
  11. Fuel injector according to Claim 10,
    characterized
    in that the return spring (15) is arranged under prestress between the first sleeve-shaped supporting element (14) and the second sleeve-shaped supporting element (16).
  12. Fuel injector according to one of Claims 1, 7 and 8,
    characterized
    in that the nozzle needle (8) has a radially encircling offset (32), wherein the first sleeve-shaped supporting element (14) rests axially on the radially encircling offset (32) of the nozzle needle (8) .
EP16775741.8A 2015-11-23 2016-10-05 Fuel injector Active EP3380715B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102015223043.0A DE102015223043A1 (en) 2015-11-23 2015-11-23 Fuel injector
PCT/EP2016/073732 WO2017089017A1 (en) 2015-11-23 2016-10-05 Fuel injector

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3380715A1 EP3380715A1 (en) 2018-10-03
EP3380715B1 true EP3380715B1 (en) 2019-09-04

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ID=57068127

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP16775741.8A Active EP3380715B1 (en) 2015-11-23 2016-10-05 Fuel injector

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US10415522B2 (en)
EP (1) EP3380715B1 (en)
JP (1) JP6496458B2 (en)
DE (1) DE102015223043A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2017089017A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11466652B2 (en) * 2017-06-14 2022-10-11 Cummins Inc. Fuel injector having a self-contained replaceable pilot valve assembly
DE102022200978A1 (en) * 2022-01-31 2023-08-03 Robert Bosch Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Magnet assembly for a fuel injector and fuel injector

Family Cites Families (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10006785A1 (en) * 2000-02-18 2001-09-27 Bosch Gmbh Robert Injector, control valve and method for injecting fluid
DE10118053A1 (en) * 2001-04-11 2002-10-24 Bosch Gmbh Robert Valve for controlling liquids e.g. for vehicle fuel injection system, has hydraulic chamber that transfers control piston movement to actuating piston, which is in hydraulic force equilibrium with valve element closed
DE10343998A1 (en) * 2003-09-23 2005-04-14 Robert Bosch Gmbh injection
ZA200902459B (en) * 2006-10-16 2010-07-28 Ganser Hydromag Fuel injection valve for internal combustion engines
DE102007011790A1 (en) * 2007-03-12 2008-09-18 Robert Bosch Gmbh Control valve means
DE102008040015A1 (en) * 2008-06-30 2009-12-31 Robert Bosch Gmbh Solenoid valve, fuel injector and manufacturing process
DE102009001704B4 (en) 2009-03-20 2018-06-28 Robert Bosch Gmbh Fuel injector
DE102009024596A1 (en) * 2009-06-10 2011-04-07 Continental Automotive Gmbh Injection valve with transmission unit
JP6061074B2 (en) * 2012-09-28 2017-01-18 株式会社ケーヒン Fuel injection valve
DE102014209997A1 (en) 2014-05-26 2015-11-26 Robert Bosch Gmbh Common rail injector
JP6483574B2 (en) * 2015-08-25 2019-03-13 株式会社デンソー Fuel injection device

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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Title
None *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102015223043A1 (en) 2017-05-24
JP2018532945A (en) 2018-11-08
JP6496458B2 (en) 2019-04-03
US10415522B2 (en) 2019-09-17
WO2017089017A1 (en) 2017-06-01
EP3380715A1 (en) 2018-10-03
US20180340500A1 (en) 2018-11-29

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