EP3379608A1 - Anschlussmontage für eine traktionsbatterie insbesondere für elektrische fahrzeuge - Google Patents

Anschlussmontage für eine traktionsbatterie insbesondere für elektrische fahrzeuge Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3379608A1
EP3379608A1 EP17162583.3A EP17162583A EP3379608A1 EP 3379608 A1 EP3379608 A1 EP 3379608A1 EP 17162583 A EP17162583 A EP 17162583A EP 3379608 A1 EP3379608 A1 EP 3379608A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
busbar
flexible electrical
electrical connection
connection assembly
compensation section
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP17162583.3A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3379608B1 (de
Inventor
Kai Kioschis
Gerzson Toth
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
TE Connectivity Germany GmbH
Original Assignee
TE Connectivity Germany GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by TE Connectivity Germany GmbH filed Critical TE Connectivity Germany GmbH
Priority to EP17162583.3A priority Critical patent/EP3379608B1/de
Priority to KR1020180030852A priority patent/KR102534641B1/ko
Priority to JP2018050302A priority patent/JP7146423B2/ja
Priority to CN201810233581.1A priority patent/CN108630874B/zh
Priority to US15/928,696 priority patent/US10651452B2/en
Publication of EP3379608A1 publication Critical patent/EP3379608A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3379608B1 publication Critical patent/EP3379608B1/de
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R4/00—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation
    • H01R4/28—Clamped connections, spring connections
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/209—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for prismatic or rectangular cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/502—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing
    • H01M50/503—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing characterised by the shape of the interconnectors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R12/00—Structural associations of a plurality of mutually-insulated electrical connecting elements, specially adapted for printed circuits, e.g. printed circuit boards [PCB], flat or ribbon cables, or like generally planar structures, e.g. terminal strips, terminal blocks; Coupling devices specially adapted for printed circuits, flat or ribbon cables, or like generally planar structures; Terminals specially adapted for contact with, or insertion into, printed circuits, flat or ribbon cables, or like generally planar structures
    • H01R12/50—Fixed connections
    • H01R12/59—Fixed connections for flexible printed circuits, flat or ribbon cables or like structures
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
    • B60Y2200/90—Vehicles comprising electric prime movers
    • B60Y2200/91—Electric vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H01M2010/4271—Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a connection assembly for a traction battery in particular for electric vehicles.
  • connection assembly can comprise at least one busbar and at least one flexible electrical connection element, wherein the busbar and the flexible electrical connection element extend along each other in an overall extension direction.
  • the busbar can serve to connect some cells of the traction battery for increasing the current and/or the voltage.
  • the flexible electrical connection element can be used for monitoring the voltages at certain positions of the connection assembly for example for monitoring voltages at certain cells to check the integrity of the cells.
  • a disadvantage associated with the current solution is that a relative movement between cells which can for example be due to mechanical forces acting during operation or due to thermal expansion can lead to a loss of electrical contact.
  • the object of the invention is thus to provide a solution that allows for relative movements without losing electrical contact.
  • the busbar comprises at least one compensation section in which the busbar extends sideways away from the extension direction.
  • the inventive solution has the advantage that relative movements do not lead to a loss of the contact but rather elastically deform the competition section. The locations of the contacts remain force free.
  • inventive solution can be improved by the following further improvements and advantageous embodiments, which are advantageous on their own and can be combined arbitrarily as desired.
  • the flexible electrical connection element also comprises a compensation section. This helps to reduce the effect of relative movements for the flexible electrical connection element as well.
  • At least one of the compensation sections extends away from the traction battery. Thereby, safe operation of the connection assembly can be achieved.
  • the compensation section of the busbar can be located within the compensation section of the flexible electrical connection element.
  • the compensation section of the flexible electrical connection element can define an area that it surrounds and the compensation section of the busbar can be located in the area surrounded by the compensation section of the flexible electrical connection element.
  • an inverted arrangement is possible, meaning that the compensation section of the flexible electrical connection element is located within the compensation section of the busbar.
  • connection assembly can comprise a compensation section comprising the compensation section of the busbar and the compensation section of the flexible electrical connection element. Due to this compensation section of the connection assembly, relative movements do not have an effect on the connection assembly.
  • the compensation section of the busbar and the compensation section of the flexible electrical connection element can be next to each other.
  • the busbar and the flexible electrical connection element can run at least partially parallel to each other. They can be adjacent to each other or in direct vicinity to each other. No further elements can be located between the busbar and the flexible electrical connection element.
  • the compensation section of the busbar and the compensation section of the flexible electrical connection element can be spaced from each other in a direction perpendicular to a plane of the busbar. They can be spaced apart from each other in a direction perpendicular to the overall extension direction and/or in a direction pointing away from a surface of the traction battery.
  • a solid design still allowing a relative movement is in particular possible when the busbar and the flexible electrical connection element are separated at the compensation sections and connected to each other outside the compensation section.
  • connection assembly comprises at least three separate busbars that are spaced from each other at two gap sections and at least one compensation section is located between the two gap sections.
  • the compensation section can thus be located outside a gap section between two busbars.
  • the flexible electrical connection element can bridge a gap between two busbars. It can extend continuously through the gap section and over the gap.
  • At least one compensation section comprises at least one curve.
  • Such a configuration is easy to produce and allows a relative movement without the risk of damages due to material fatigue at sharp-edged sections.
  • the compensation section can have a continuous curvature from one end to another end.
  • the compensation section can comprise one 180 degree curve and two 90 degree curves.
  • the compensation section can have a U-shape, wherein U-shape within the meaning of this text also comprise omega-shapes or C-shapes.
  • a U-shape can in particular have two legs and a connecting section connecting the two legs.
  • the 180 degree curve can be located between the two 90 degree curves to achieve a simple and symmetric design.
  • the compensation section can have other shapes.
  • the compensation section can comprise two legs that are at 60 degrees to each other and at 120 degrees to other sections of the busbar and/of the flexible electrical connection element.
  • the compensation section can have sharp edged sections or corners that allow a hinged movement of the two legs next to the sharp edge or corner.
  • the busbar and the flexible electrical connection element each can have a substantially rectangular cross-section with flat sides facing each other.
  • One flat side can lie on and parallel to a surface of the traction battery.
  • the flexible electrical connection element can be a flexible flat cable (FFC) so that manufacturing is simple.
  • FFC flexible flat cable
  • At the compensation section at least one of the busbar and/or the flexible electrical connection element turns away from the overall extension direction perpendicular to the flat side.
  • connection assembly comprises a push-down element for pushing down and/or fixing a straight section of the flexible electrical connection element. An undesired movement of the flexible electrical connection element or the busbar is thus avoided.
  • the push-down element can in particular be located at a gap section to keep the flat flexible electrical connection element and the busbar close to the traction battery at this section.
  • connection assembly 1 In Fig. 1 , a connection assembly 1 is shown.
  • the connection assembly 1 comprises several busbars 5 and a flexible electrical connection element 6.
  • the busbars 5 can serve to connect poles of cells 4 of the traction battery 2 which can for example be part of an electric vehicle.
  • the busbars 5 can connect the poles in parallel or in series to achieve an increase of the voltage or the current.
  • a cover 45 is arranged below the busbars 5.
  • the busbars 5, the flexible electrical connection element 6 and the cover 45 extend in a general or overall extension direction 7 which is parallel to a surface of the traction battery 2.
  • the cells 4 are subjected to relative movement for example due to mechanical stress or movement during the operation of the vehicle. Further, the busbars 5 expand when a current running through them increases their temperature.
  • the busbars 5 comprise compensation sections 10, 15 in which the busbar 5 extends sideways away from the extension direction 7.
  • the busbars 5 in particular extend along a direction 8 that is perpendicular to the extension direction 7 at the compensation section 10, 15 away from the overall extension direction 7.
  • the flexible electrical connection element 6 also comprises a compensation section 10, 16 in which the flexible connection electrical connection element 6 extends sideways away from the extension direction 7.
  • the busbars 5 are made from flat sheet metal and the compensation sections 10, 15 have been introduced by bending the sheet metal.
  • the flexible electrical connection element 6 is a flexible flat cable (FFC) that comprises an insulating body and several conductors located in the insulating body, wherein the conductors are connected at different points of the electrical connection assembly 1 to cells 4 to monitor the voltage at the different locations.
  • FFC flexible flat cable
  • the busbar 5 and the flexible electrical connection element 6 both have a rectangular cross-section with flat sides 60 which face each other.
  • a further flat side 60 of the busbar 5 faces the cover 45 in order to have a good support.
  • a further flat side 60 of the flexible electrical connection element 6 faces away from the traction battery 2.
  • the compensation section 10, 16 of the flexible electrical connection element 6 defines an area 26 in which the compensation section 10, 15 of the busbar 5 is located. Hence, the compensation section 10, 15 of the busbar 5 is located within the compensation section 10, 16 of the flexible electrical connection element 6. Both compensation sections 10, 15, 16 are part of a compensation section 10, 17 of the connection assembly 1. At this compensation section 10, 17, both compensation sections 10, 15, 16 of the busbar 5 and the flexible electrical connection element 6 extend away in the same direction 8 from the extension direction 7 of the connection assembly 1. The two compensation sections 10, 15, 16 are nested within each other. In a non-depicted inverted embodiment, the compensation section 10, 16 of the flexible electrical connection element 6 can be located within the compensation section 10, 15 of the busbar 5.
  • the compensation section 10, 15 of the busbar 5 and the compensation section 10, 16 of the flexible electrical connection element 6 are located next to each other. Outside the compensation section 10, 15, 16, the busbars 5 and the flexible electrical condensation connection element 6 lie in an abutting manner next to each other and are attached to each other. At the compensation sections 10, 15, 16, a spacing exists between the two. The busbars 5 and the flexible electrical connection element 6 are separated at the compensation sections 10, 15, 16 and are connected to each other outside the compensation section 10, 15, 16.
  • the compensation section 10, 15 of the busbar 5 and the compensation section 10, 16 of the flexible electrical connection element are spaced from each other in the direction 8 perpendicular to a plane of the busbar 5 and perpendicular to the extension direction 7 to allow a relative movement of the two.
  • the two compensation sections 10, 15, 16 are spaced at a distance 40 from each other.
  • Fig 1 two compensation sections 10, 17 of the connection assembly 1 are shown. Each of them is located outside a gap section 21 at which a gap 20 exists between two busbars 5. Thus, each of the connection assembly compensation sections 10, 17 is located between two gap sections 21.
  • the flexible electrical connection element 6 bridges the gap 20.
  • the flexible electrical connection element 61 hence runs through the gap section 21 in a continuous and straight manner.
  • each of the compensation sections 10, 15, 16 of the busbar 5 and the flexible electrical connection element 6 comprises at least one curve 30. More particularly, each compensation section 10, 15, 16 comprises a 180° curve 31 located between two 90° curves 32. Thus, each of the compensation sections 10, 15, 16 has a U-shape 33 in which a connection section 35 is located between two legs 34.
  • the busbar 5 and the flexible electrical connection element 6 turn away from the overall extension direction 7 perpendicular to the flat side 60 of the busbar 5 and the flexible electrical connection element 6.
  • connection assembly 1 further comprises a push-down element 37 which pushes down the flexible electrical connection element 6 and the busbars 5 in particular at a gap section 21. This helps to fix the connection assembly 1 to the traction battery 2.
  • a further embodiment of a connection assembly 1 is shown in a schematic drawing.
  • the compensation sections 10, 15, 16 shown therein comprise straight sections instead of the curved versions shown in the embodiment of Figs 1 and 2 .
  • Each compensation section 10, 15, 16 has two legs 34 that are connected to each other at a 60° angle. These legs 34 are at an angle of 120° to further sections of the busbar 5 or the flexible electrical connection element 6. A compensating movement is thus possible through a hinged movement at the corners 38 of the compensation sections 10, 15, 16.
  • the two compensation sections 10, 15, 16 are spaced apart from each other in a direction 8 perpendicular to an extension direction 7 of the connection assembly 1.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Connection Of Batteries Or Terminals (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
EP17162583.3A 2017-03-23 2017-03-23 Anschlussmontage für eine traktionsbatterie insbesondere für elektrische fahrzeuge Active EP3379608B1 (de)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP17162583.3A EP3379608B1 (de) 2017-03-23 2017-03-23 Anschlussmontage für eine traktionsbatterie insbesondere für elektrische fahrzeuge
KR1020180030852A KR102534641B1 (ko) 2017-03-23 2018-03-16 특히, 전기 비히클에 대한 트랙션 배터리를 위한 연결 어셈블리
JP2018050302A JP7146423B2 (ja) 2017-03-23 2018-03-19 特に電気自動車用の主電池の接続アセンブリ
CN201810233581.1A CN108630874B (zh) 2017-03-23 2018-03-21 特别用于电动车辆的牵引电池的连接组件
US15/928,696 US10651452B2 (en) 2017-03-23 2018-03-22 Connection assembly for a traction battery in particular for electric vehicles

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP17162583.3A EP3379608B1 (de) 2017-03-23 2017-03-23 Anschlussmontage für eine traktionsbatterie insbesondere für elektrische fahrzeuge

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3379608A1 true EP3379608A1 (de) 2018-09-26
EP3379608B1 EP3379608B1 (de) 2020-04-22

Family

ID=58410196

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP17162583.3A Active EP3379608B1 (de) 2017-03-23 2017-03-23 Anschlussmontage für eine traktionsbatterie insbesondere für elektrische fahrzeuge

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US10651452B2 (de)
EP (1) EP3379608B1 (de)
JP (1) JP7146423B2 (de)
KR (1) KR102534641B1 (de)
CN (1) CN108630874B (de)

Cited By (1)

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CN113924697A (zh) * 2019-06-20 2022-01-11 雷诺股份公司 在汇流条的两个部分之间的连接装置

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EP3598529A1 (de) * 2018-07-17 2020-01-22 Tyco Electronics Belgium EC bvba Verbindungselement zum anschluss an eine stromschiene einer batterie, batterie
JP7132179B2 (ja) * 2019-06-18 2022-09-06 矢崎総業株式会社 バスバーモジュール
FR3102307B1 (fr) * 2019-10-17 2021-10-01 Valeo Systemes Thermiques Dispositif de stockage d'énergie électrique pour véhicule automobile
EP3989365B1 (de) * 2020-10-23 2024-08-07 Vitesco Technologies GmbH Batterieverbindungsvorrichtung

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US20110076521A1 (en) * 2009-09-30 2011-03-31 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Battery unit and secondary battery assembly equipped with the battery unit
EP2546906A1 (de) * 2010-03-12 2013-01-16 AutoNetworks Technologies, Ltd. Batteriemodul
US20120231638A1 (en) * 2010-04-22 2012-09-13 Yazaki Corporation Wiring member
DE102012205019A1 (de) * 2012-03-28 2013-10-02 Elringklinger Ag Zellkontaktierungssystem für eine elektrochemische Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Zellkontaktierungssystems

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113924697A (zh) * 2019-06-20 2022-01-11 雷诺股份公司 在汇流条的两个部分之间的连接装置
CN113924697B (zh) * 2019-06-20 2024-05-24 雷诺股份公司 在汇流条的两个部分之间的连接装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN108630874A (zh) 2018-10-09
KR102534641B1 (ko) 2023-05-18
CN108630874B (zh) 2022-08-09
EP3379608B1 (de) 2020-04-22
US10651452B2 (en) 2020-05-12
JP7146423B2 (ja) 2022-10-04
KR20180108458A (ko) 2018-10-04
US20180277819A1 (en) 2018-09-27
JP2018160454A (ja) 2018-10-11

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