EP3371817B1 - Stromsensor - Google Patents

Stromsensor

Info

Publication number
EP3371817B1
EP3371817B1 EP16804898.1A EP16804898A EP3371817B1 EP 3371817 B1 EP3371817 B1 EP 3371817B1 EP 16804898 A EP16804898 A EP 16804898A EP 3371817 B1 EP3371817 B1 EP 3371817B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ring core
current
current transformer
core
power line
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP16804898.1A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3371817A1 (de
Inventor
Bertil Moritz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
HM Power AB
Original Assignee
HM Power AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by HM Power AB filed Critical HM Power AB
Publication of EP3371817A1 publication Critical patent/EP3371817A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3371817B1 publication Critical patent/EP3371817B1/de
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F38/00—Adaptations of transformers or inductances for specific applications or functions
    • H01F38/20—Instruments transformers
    • H01F38/22—Instruments transformers for single phase AC
    • H01F38/28—Current transformers
    • H01F38/30—Constructions
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F38/00—Adaptations of transformers or inductances for specific applications or functions
    • H01F38/20—Instruments transformers
    • H01F38/22—Instruments transformers for single phase AC
    • H01F38/28—Current transformers
    • H01F38/30—Constructions
    • H01F2038/305—Constructions with toroidal magnetic core

Definitions

  • the present invention concerns measurement of electric current in an electric power line. More precisely the invention concerns a current transformer for measurement of an air insulated high voltage power line and a method for current measurement of an air insulated high voltage power line.
  • high voltage distribution line an air insulated power line for distribution of electric power.
  • power line carries electric power in the range of 10 to 40 kilo Volts (kV).
  • a commonly used apparatus for current measurement of a high voltage electric conductor is a current transformer having a primary winding, a circular magnetisable core and a secondary winding.
  • the alternating current in the primary winding which is the power line to be measured, produces an alternating magnetic field in the core, which then induces an alternating current in the secondary winding.
  • An essential objective of current transformer design is to ensure the primary and secondary circuits are efficiently coupled, so the secondary current is linearly proportional to the primary current.
  • a common current transformer is costly to produce and for installing the conductor line needs to be cut and the system de-energized.
  • a current transformer with an openable core such as a crimp ampere meter is commonly used for low voltage applications.
  • the core of such apparatus comprises a pair of openable jaws of a magnetisable material to be encircling the conductor.
  • the conductor needs not to be cut nor de-energized.
  • the crimp ampere meter comprises an opening and a fulcrum, both of which disturbing the magnetic field.
  • the current transformer may be regarded as a three-part system comprising the primary winding, the coil and the secondary winding. For high voltage use there must be sufficient insulation between either the primary winding and the core or between the core and the secondary winding.
  • US 5381123 discloses a measurement transformer for detecting faults on electrical cables.
  • the measurement transformer comprises an openable ring core which has a centrally placed bearing surface that can be attached to the cable exterior by means of an elastic tie.
  • the ring core runs through a secondary winding which is seated in a plastic material casing.
  • EP 0497681 A1 discloses a measurement transformer for detecting faults on electrical cables.
  • the measurement transformer comprises an openable ring core that runs through a secondary winding that encloses a section of the ring core.
  • the disclosure contains no suggestion for protecting the secondary winding against partial discharge as would be required if used in connection with high voltage power conductors.
  • the current sensor comprises a clamp meter with two moveable jaws and a corona structure.
  • the corona structure has an outer boundary surrounding the electronics assembly and the conductor mountable device.
  • the corona structure may shield the electronic assembly and conductor mountable device from a corona producible with the power conductor.
  • the current sensor assembly may be a split-core design that includes multiple transformer cores.
  • the electronic assembly and the conductor mountable device may be powered by a line voltage supply on the power conductor. Data may be wirelessly transmitted and received with the sensor apparatus.
  • the current transformer is able to be mounted with a switching bar on a conductor having a high voltage.
  • the current transformer has a coil surrounding a U-shaped iron yoke.
  • a U-shaped ground iron is swivel-mounted on one leg of the iron yoke and is supported at a break point.
  • Springs are anchored on a housing of the transformer. When the current transformer is mounted, the conductor moves the ground iron in a closing position and is maintained in such position by the springs.
  • the measurement signal is transferred by an optical fibre.
  • a magnetic core structure is previously known.
  • the object of the structure is to provide an openable core without pivotal connections for embracing an alternating current carrying conductor.
  • the magnetic core is formed of a plurality of strips of laminations of oriented silicon steel. After forming the core a secondary winding is applied. In order to avoid corrosion the core is covered with a hardenable plastic neoprene rubber.
  • the core is self closing in butt contact and in yet another embodiment the core contains coupling members.
  • a primary object of the present invention is to seek ways to improve a current transformer capable of sensing a current on a high voltage power line and producing a non-hazardous signal at ground potential level.
  • the invention also relates to the use of a current transformer according to claim 10.
  • the current transformer comprises a power line encircling core at high voltage potential.
  • the core comprises an openable homogeneous ring of a magnetisable material.
  • homogeneous ring should be understood a ring comprising the same material and cross section all around. Hence the core contains no fulcrum, joint or other discontinuities.
  • high voltage potential should be understood a voltage potential deviating within 10 % of the power line potential.
  • the core is in electric contact with the power line.
  • the core receives the same potential as the power line.
  • the core is openable to be hung onto the power line.
  • the tubular insulating body comprises an inner conductive layer, an insulating layer and an outer conductive layer.
  • the tubular insulator body comprises stress grading means at each end portion of the tubular insulator body.
  • Such means comprises for instance a field control stress cone or a field control compound, which is used for high voltage cable terminations.
  • the core surfaces which close the magnetic circuit need no high voltage insulation. This makes it possible to obtain a minimum air gap.
  • the current transformer according to the invention is completely passive and needs no extra power to produce a measureable signal at ground level. Analyzing instruments and means for wirelessly transmitting the signal may be easily used and powered on ground level.
  • the core comprises a plurality of iron strips.
  • the plurality of iron strips forms in an embodiment a square cross section of the core.
  • the object is achieved by a current transformer for measurement of an air insulated high voltage power line according to claim 1,
  • the object is achieved by a method for current measurement of an air insulated high voltage power line according to claim 8.
  • the method may further comprise forming an inner conductive layer around part of the ring core, providing on the inner conductive layer a tubular insulating layer, providing on the tubular insulating layer an outer conductive layer, and providing at each end of the outer conductive layer a stress grading means.
  • the current transformer according to Fig 1 comprises an iron core 13 encircling a high voltage conductor 12, and a tubular insulating body 1 comprising the secondary winding.
  • the tubular insulating body provides high voltage insulation between the core and the secondary winding.
  • the insulating body is covering part of the core leaving a part of the core to be in contact with the conductor.
  • the core receives the same potential as the high voltage conductor.
  • the core is embedded in a thin protective coating and thus receiving a voltage potential somewhat lower than the high voltage conductor.
  • the core comprises an openable homogeneous ring of a magnetisable material. By the expression homogeneous should be understood that the ring comprises the same material and preferably the same cross section all along.
  • the ring may have any geometrical form but is preferably circular.
  • the insulating body 1 comprises a mid section 2 carrying a secondary winding, a first electric field grading end portion 3 and a second electric field grading end portion 4.
  • the tubular insulating body comprises a weather protection 10 with a plurality of circular sheds 11 to lengthen the creepage distance.
  • the secondary winding is thus fully insulated from the iron core.
  • the tubular isolating body may be regarded as a short tube insulating an inner conductor, which in this case is the iron core.
  • the tubular insulating body comprises a cable 16 connected to the secondary winding to carry the signal from the secondary winding to an apparatus at ground level.
  • the tubular insulating body 1 comprises an inner conductive layer 6, an insulation layer 8, and an outer conductive layer 7.
  • Conductive in this context means sufficient conductivity to generate an almost equipotential layer, but not such high conductivity that any significant current is induced by the magnetic flux.
  • the secondary winding 9 is wound around the conductive layer 7.
  • the tubular insulating body comprises a stress relief pad 5 in each direction from the secondary winding.
  • the stress relief pad is overlapping the conductive layer 7.
  • Each stress relief pad is made of a high permittivity stress grading compound and is gradually distributing the electric field along the surface over a distance long enough to avoid partial discharges. This can be seen as two mirrored conventional cable terminations. Alternatively other cable terminations, such as stress cones, may be applied to control the electric field.
  • the function of the iron core is to conduct a magnetic field.
  • the iron core 13 comprises axially oriented overlapping ends 17a, 17b.
  • the overlap area 14 in the preferred embodiment in Fig 3 is larger than the cross section of the iron core 15. This overlap reduces the magnetic resistance in the core.
  • the magnetic flux is shown by dotted lines.
  • the overlap also makes it possible to apply a pressing force F between the air gap surfaces.
  • the magnetic flux is gradually passing from one side to the other in the overlap area.
  • the ring core comprises a plurality of iron sheets.
  • the overlap arrangement as shown in Fig 3 makes it possible to orient the ring core almost in parallel with the power line. This is advantageous since the distance between power lines can be kept small.
  • the cross section of the iron core is in the embodiment shown about 12 mm in square. In the embodiment shown the diameter of the core is greater than 200 mm.
  • the core comprises a locking mechanism according to Fig 4 .
  • a first spring element 20 and a second spring element 21 are used to install the current transformer.
  • the spring mechanism is charged to an open position.
  • the second spring element 21 will be pressed downwards by the high voltage conductor 12.
  • the spring element 21 flips over (buckle) into the position shown in the right hand sketch.
  • the first spring element 20 maintains a pressing force between the iron core endings and ensures that the air gap is kept at minimum.
  • the click on spring device contains means to keep the iron core almost parallel to the overhead power line and increase thereby the distance to adjacent phase line.
  • the air gap is protected by a foil which is removed by the overhead power line when it enters into the iron ring. This prevents particles from being trapped in the air gap during installation.
  • the air gap surfaces comprises a glue compound which when the core is mounted on a power line fixes the overlapping ends for a long time.
  • Measuring electric current of a high power electrical conductor at ground level demands that the secondary winding which produces the measuring signal to a measuring instrument at ground potential exhibits sufficient insulation.
  • an overhead power line comprises a naked metal wire. If a signal from a current transformer should be at ground potential to serve low voltage electronic devices, the insulation has to be such that flashover or raised voltages are prevented.
  • the overhead lines which carry the primary current contain high voltage of 10-40 kilo Volts (kV).
  • the ring formed iron core is preferably made by winding a plurality of layers of an iron strip or lamination of oriented silicon steel to form a ring. When fully winded the ring is cut thus resulting in a stack of strips of different lengths having first and second end portions. The strips are oriented in parallel and all end portions at one side are welded together.
  • the prefabricated tubular insulating body 1 is threaded onto the now flat iron core. The collection of strips is then together with the tubular body bent to form a ring core with overlapping ends 17a, 17b. In this position all end portions of the other side of the core are welded together.
  • the Scope of the invention is only defined by the appended claims and any example not being an embodiment of the invention thus defined shall be regarded only for illustrating purposes.
  • the ring core must not be circular but may comprise any geometric form encircling the line such for instance an oval shape.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Measuring Instrument Details And Bridges, And Automatic Balancing Devices (AREA)
  • Transformers For Measuring Instruments (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Stromtransformator zur Messung einer luftisolierten Hochspannungsstromleitung (12), wobei der Stromtransformator einen offenen, magnetisierbaren Ringkern (13), der die Stromleitung umgibt, und eine Sekundärwicklung (9) zum Erfassen eines Stroms in Bezug auf den Strom der Hochspannungsstromleitung umfasst, wobei der offene Ringkern (13) einen quadratischen Querschnitt, Seitenoberflächen und zwei quadratische Stirnflächen aufweist, wobei die beiden Stirnflächen einander nicht zugewandt sind und wobei zwei der Seitenoberflächen Enden (17a, 17b) aufweisen, die sich in Richtung einer Mittelachse durch den Ringkern (13) hindurch gesehen überlappen, wobei der Stromtransformator weiter einen rohrförmigen Isolatorkörpers (1) umfasst, der die Sekundärwicklung enthält und Hochspannungsisolierung zwischen dem Ringkern (13) und der Sekundärwicklung (9) bereitstellt, und wobei der rohrförmige Isolatorkörper (1) an jedem Endabschnitt (3, 4) des rohrförmigen Isolatorkörpers (1) Beanspruchungsverteilungsmittel (5) umfasst.
  2. Stromtransformator nach Anspruch 1, wobei die sich überlappenden Enden (17) einen Überlappungsbereich (14) umfassen, der größer ist als der Querschnitt (15) des Ringkerns (13).
  3. Stromtransformator nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, wobei der rohrförmige Isolatorkörpers (1) einen Teil des Ringkerns (13) umhüllt und wobei der rohrförmige Isolatorkörpers die Sekundärwicklung (9) vom Ringkern (13) isoliert, um einen ungefährlichen messbaren Strom auf Erdniveau bereitzustellen.
  4. Stromtransformator nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, wobei der Ringkern (13) eine Vielzahl von Eisenstreifen umfasst.
  5. Stromtransformator nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, wobei der rohrförmige Isolatorkörpers (1) eine innere leitende Schicht (6), eine Isolierschicht (8) und eine äußere leitende Schicht (7) umfasst.
  6. Stromtransformator nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, wobei der rohrförmige Isolatorkörpers (1) einen Wetterschutz (10) mit einer Vielzahl hervorstehender kreisförmiger Überdachungen (11) zum Vergrößern der Kriechstrecke umfasst.
  7. Stromtransformator nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, der ein Federelement (20) umfasst, das eine Druckkraft (F) zwischen den Kernenden (17a, 17b) aufrechterhält, um sicherzustellen, dass ein Luftspalt auf einem Minimum gehalten wird.
  8. Verfahren zur Strommessung einer luftisolierten Hochspannungsstromleitung (12), die einen offenen magnetisierbaren Ringkern (13), der die Stromleitung umgibt, und eine Sekundärwicklung (9) zum Erfassen eines Stroms in Bezug auf den Strom der Hochspannungsstromleitung umfasst, wobei das Verfahren umfasst:
    - Bereitstellen eines Stapels von Eisenstreifen, die einen ersten und zweiten Endabschnitt aufweisen, Verschweißen der ersten Endabschnitte aller Streifen,
    - Bilden eines rohrförmigen Isolatorkörpers (1) mit Beanspruchungsverteilungsmitteln (5) an jedem Endabschnitt (3, 4) des rohrförmigen Isolatorkörpers (1),
    - Auffädeln des vorgefertigten rohrförmigen Isolatorkörperss (1), der die Sekundärwicklung (9) umfasst, auf den Streifenstapel,
    - Biegen des Streifenstapels zusammen mit dem rohrförmigen Isolatorkörpers, um den offenen Ringkern (13) zu bilden, der einen quadratischen Querschnitt, Seitenoberflächen und zwei quadratische Stirnflächen aufweist, wobei
    die beiden Stirnflächen einander nicht zugewandt sind
    und wobei zwei der Seitenoberflächen Enden (17a, 17b) aufweisen, die sich in Richtung einer Mittelachse durch den Ringkern (13) hindurch gesehen überlappen,
    - Auffädeln des öffnenbaren Ringkerns (13) auf die Stromleitung und Ablesen des Stroms auf Erdniveau.
  9. Verfahren nach Anspruch 8, wobei der rohrförmige Isolatorkörpers (1) durch Bereitstellen einer inneren leitenden Schicht (6) um einen Teil des Ringkerns (13), Bereitstellen auf der inneren leitenden Schicht (6) einer rohrförmigen Isolierschicht (8), Bereitstellen auf der rohrförmigen Isolierschicht einer äußeren leitenden Schicht (7) und Bereitstellen an jedem Ende der äußeren leitenden Schicht (7) des Beanspruchungsverteilungsmittels (5) gebildet wird.
  10. Verwendung eines Stromtransformators nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7 zum Messen an einer elektrischen Verteilungsstromleitung.
EP16804898.1A 2015-11-05 2016-11-04 Stromsensor Active EP3371817B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE1500444 2015-11-05
PCT/IB2016/001583 WO2017077379A1 (en) 2015-11-05 2016-11-04 Current sensor

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3371817A1 EP3371817A1 (de) 2018-09-12
EP3371817B1 true EP3371817B1 (de) 2025-08-06

Family

ID=57442749

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP16804898.1A Active EP3371817B1 (de) 2015-11-05 2016-11-04 Stromsensor

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3371817B1 (de)
CN (1) CN108352249B (de)
WO (1) WO2017077379A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112837916B (zh) * 2021-01-27 2022-02-01 江阴市星火电子科技有限公司 一种带屏蔽的开合式零序电流互感器

Family Cites Families (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB549567A (en) * 1940-10-31 1942-11-26 British Thomson Houston Co Ltd Improvements in and relating to electric transformers
GB846208A (en) * 1957-10-18 1960-08-31 Landis & Gyr Ag Improvements in high voltage current transformers
US3725832A (en) 1971-10-12 1973-04-03 Schwertzer E Mfg Co Inc Magnetic core structure
DE2843608C2 (de) * 1978-10-06 1983-09-29 Friedrich Dr.-Ing. e.h. 8600 Bamberg Raupach Transformator, insbesondere Spannungswandler oder Prüftransformator
DE8806688U1 (de) * 1988-05-19 1988-07-14 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Wickelstromwandler
FR2672152B1 (fr) * 1991-01-29 1993-05-07 Bardin Ets Tore de transformateur, et procede de fabrication d'un tel tore.
FR2700395B1 (fr) * 1993-01-08 1995-04-21 Bardin Ets Transformateur, notamment transformateur de mesure, par exemple pour la détection de défauts sur les câbles électriques.
DE4331265C2 (de) 1993-09-15 2001-03-29 Horstmann Gmbh Dipl Ing H Stromwandler für elektrische Leiter
JPH08250351A (ja) * 1995-03-14 1996-09-27 Tohoku Denki Hoan Kyokai 変流器
CN2775813Y (zh) * 2004-12-31 2006-04-26 范晓明 精密钳型电流互感器
EP1846771B1 (de) 2005-01-19 2013-08-07 Power Measurement Ltd Sensorenvorrichtung
CN102623153B (zh) * 2012-03-29 2016-02-24 中国电力科学研究院 一种电流互感器绝缘护套

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN108352249A (zh) 2018-07-31
WO2017077379A1 (en) 2017-05-11
EP3371817A1 (de) 2018-09-12
CN108352249B (zh) 2020-10-20

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