EP3362678A1 - Beheizte aerodynamische anbauteile - Google Patents
Beheizte aerodynamische anbauteileInfo
- Publication number
- EP3362678A1 EP3362678A1 EP16777988.3A EP16777988A EP3362678A1 EP 3362678 A1 EP3362678 A1 EP 3362678A1 EP 16777988 A EP16777988 A EP 16777988A EP 3362678 A1 EP3362678 A1 EP 3362678A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- rotor blade
- attachment
- heating means
- outer skin
- hot air
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009420 retrofitting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000002435 tendon Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D1/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D1/06—Rotors
- F03D1/065—Rotors characterised by their construction elements
- F03D1/0675—Rotors characterised by their construction elements of the blades
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D80/00—Details, components or accessories not provided for in groups F03D1/00 - F03D17/00
- F03D80/40—Ice detection; De-icing means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2240/00—Components
- F05B2240/10—Stators
- F05B2240/12—Fluid guiding means, e.g. vanes
- F05B2240/123—Nozzles
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2240/00—Components
- F05B2240/20—Rotors
- F05B2240/30—Characteristics of rotor blades, i.e. of any element transforming dynamic fluid energy to or from rotational energy and being attached to a rotor
- F05B2240/306—Surface measures
- F05B2240/3062—Vortex generators
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2260/00—Function
- F05B2260/60—Fluid transfer
- F05B2260/601—Fluid transfer using an ejector or a jet pump
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
Definitions
- the invention relates to a rotor blade with a rotor blade longitudinal direction with a rotor blade outer skin and at least one attached to a mounting region of the rotor blade outer skin attachment and a heating means which heats the attachment.
- the invention also relates to a method for deicing an attachment of a rotor blade.
- Rotor blades with attachments are of course well known in the art. Attachments may be vortex generators, Gurney flaps or serrations. But it can also be provided other attachments.
- Vortex generators it is known, for example, in wind turbines to provide the rotor blade with vortex generators to increase the buoyancy.
- These are generally triangular-shaped attachments in cross section, which protrude substantially perpendicularly from a suction side of the rotor blade outer skin.
- the triangle is formed at an angle to the rotor blade trailing edge with a perpendicular sloping side and the rotor blade nose at an acute angle.
- the vortex generators can be arranged obliquely or exactly parallel to the air flow direction on the rotor blade outer skin. As the rotor blade flows around, each vortex generator creates a vortex downstream that releases downstream from the vertical edge of the vortex generator.
- the vortices mix the wall-near shear layer with fluid of higher free-flow momentum, thus preventing the formation of a too thick turbulent boundary layer.
- a tearing or detachment of the flow is counteracted on the rotor blade, and it can act on the rotor blade and form higher buoyant forces.
- a problem with vortex generators is that they can freeze, especially in cold regions such as Canada or Northern Europe, and thus lose their aerodynamic buoyancy effect.
- the corresponding problem also arises for other attachments such as Serrations or Gurney flaps.
- it is known to heat rotor blades by passing warm air in the interior of the rotor blade. The hot air can be guided along the rotor blade nose in channels.
- the heat is generated via a separate heater, for example positioned in the hub or rotor blade root, or also by the heat loss of the generator and in particular also of the transformer. Due to the heating of the interior of the rotor blade, the rotor blade outer skin is heated by a temperature drop from the rotor blade inner to the rotor blade outer, but the temperature in the rotor blade outer skin is no longer sufficiently high enough to sufficiently heat the mounted on the rotor blade outer skin attachments. This is especially the case where large laminate thicknesses prevail, such as on the main belt.
- At least one heating means is provided which heats at least one attachment.
- the at least one heating means generates a temperature distribution in the at least one attachment and through a rotor blade shell of the attachment region, in such a way that the temperature through the rotor blade shell decreases from rotor blade outer side to rotor blade inner side.
- the rotor blade is preferably provided as part of a wind turbine. Also disclosed is a wind energy plant with at least one rotor blade according to the invention.
- the invention makes use of the idea of providing the at least one heating means which preferably directly and primarily heats the at least one attachment directly, so that the temperature distribution occurring through the rotor blade shell at the attachment region of the at least one attachment decreases from the rotor blade outside to the rotor blade inside.
- a heating of the at least one attachment takes place in that the at least one attachment of rotor blade inside heated, so the temperature through the rotor blade shell from rotor blade inside to rotor blade outer side decreases
- a contrast opposite temperature distribution is generated using the inventive arrangement of at least one heating medium.
- the at least one heating means preferably rotor blade outer side of the rotor blade outer skin to the at least one attachment, d. H. provided as part of the at least one attachment or in the immediate vicinity of the at least one attachment.
- the at least one heating means is a heating means built into a base plate of the at least one attachment.
- vortex generators have a base plate which is glued to the rotor blade outer skin.
- the base plate manufacturing technology can be introduced a recess into which a heating mat is inserted.
- the heating mat can be supplied with electrical power by means of a cable through the rotor blade shell.
- the heating mat generates heat in the base plate of the at least one attachment, by which the at least one attachment can be sufficiently heated.
- the heating mat is provided on the rotor blade outer side of the rotor blade shell so that the temperature of the rotor blade outer side decreases towards the rotor blade inside through the rotor blade shell.
- the at least one attachment has electrically conductive materials
- an inductor is arranged inside the rotor blade at the at least one attachment, and the inductor cooperates with the electrically conductive material as induction heating.
- the inductor is, for example, a coil which generates an alternating magnetic field. This magnetic field induces in the electrically conductive material of the at least one attachment part an alternating magnetic field, which in turn heats the electrically conductive material and thus heats the at least one attachment as a whole.
- the actual heating means is in this embodiment of the invention, the electrically conductive material which in turn heats the at least one attachment rotor blade outer side.
- the conductive material is, for example, a coating of the fixture, which may be a solution especially for sites with a high probability of glazing. In this embodiment, retrofitting after commissioning is conceivable.
- a hot air outlet is provided along the rotor blade chord between a rotor blade nose and the at least one attachment. It can be a hot air duct rotor blade inside or rotor blade outer side along the rotor blade outer skin along, and the hot air duct has the hot air outlet, which is directed so that it aims exactly at an associated attachment and the attachment with warm air flows around and thus enteist.
- the hot air outlet is provided in the air flow direction a little way upstream of the attachment, so that here also a heating of the attachment takes place directly and a temperature drop occurs through the rotor blade shell from outside to inside.
- the at least one heating means to be regarded as the warm air outlet.
- the hot air outlet may be in the form of a scoop, which is directed to the attachment.
- the object is achieved in its second aspect by a method having the features of claim 10.
- the method is particularly suitable for carrying out with one of the above-mentioned rotor blades.
- At least one attachment is heated with at least one heating means, and the at least one heating means generates a temperature distribution in the at least one attachment and through a rotor blade shell of a mounting region of the at least one attachment, in such a way that the temperature through the rotor blade shell of Rotor blade outer side decreases after rotor blade inside.
- the method is in particular also carried out in wind power plants with at least one of the rotor blades according to the invention.
- the at least one attachment is heated by the at least one arranged in a base plate heating means, in particular by a heating mat.
- the heating mat is arranged on the outside of the rotor blade shell, so that the heat given off largely passes into the at least one attachment and does not first have to flow through the rotor blade outer wall, thereby experiencing losses. Part of the heat flows from the outside to the inside through the rotor blade shell with a temperature gradient that is directed from outside to inside.
- the heating takes place in a further embodiment by the at least one attachment preferably by an air flow, which is directed to the at least one attachment, is heated.
- the airflow may originate from a hot air outlet, with a hot air duct along a section or substantial part the longitudinal direction of the rotor blade is guided and the hot air duct has a plurality of hot air outlet openings and thus several attachments are heated by the hot air.
- the at least one attachment is coated or traversed with electrically conductive material, which is inductively excited and thereby generates heat, so also here a direct heating of the at least one attachment also without the losses due to the passage of heat through the Rotor blade shell can take place.
- the method according to the invention has in common that the rotor blade shell is miter noirrmt in the region of the add-on parts rotor blade outer side and decreases the temperature from outside to inside.
- one, two or more vortex generators are used as an attachment, which may be arranged on a common base plate or individually on the rotor blade outer skin.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of a rotor blade according to the invention
- Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line II-II in Fig. 1,
- FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view of a second embodiment of the rotor blade according to the invention.
- FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along the line IV-IV in Fig. 3,
- FIG. 5 is a plan view of a third embodiment of the rotor blade according to the invention.
- FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along the line Vl-Vl in Fig. 5th
- Fig. 1 shows a rotor blade 1 in a plan view.
- a rotor blade nose 2 and at the top a rotor blade trailing edge 3 is shown below.
- a rotor blade tip 4 and a rotor blade root 5 are also shown on the right and left in FIG. 1.
- Fig. 1 is a possible course of an electrical power line 6, starting from the rotor blade root 5 about a subsequent portion of the rotor blade trailing edge 3 slightly spaced from the rotor blade trailing edge 3 and then shown parallel to a rotor blade tendon, not shown on a suction side 7 of a rotor blade shell 8.
- FIG. 1 shows a rotor blade 1 in a plan view.
- a rotor blade nose 2 and at the top a rotor blade trailing edge 3 is shown below.
- a rotor blade tip 4 and a rotor blade root 5 are
- a series of vortex generators 9 is shown obliquely running away from the rotor blade nose 2 at an angle to a rotor blade longitudinal direction L.
- the vortex generators 9 are arranged parallel to each other and spaced from each other aerodynamically optimal for the respective profile.
- Each of the vortex generators 9 is connected to the power line 6.
- the actual position of the vortex generators 9 may differ from the position shown in FIG. 1 on the rotor blade shell 8.
- FIG. 2 shows one of the vortex generators 9 of FIG. 1 in a sectional view.
- the vortex generator 9 is formed in cross-section substantially triangular with a perpendicular to the rotor blade outer skin extending downstream air vortex generator tip and the term of the air flow here on the air flow along a rotor blade outer skin 12 during rotation of a rotor to which the rotor blade 1 flanged is, relates.
- the vortex generator 9 is usually produced as a one-piece injection-molded component.
- the vortex generator 9 has, along a base plate 10, a recess 11 which, in the assembled state, is open towards the rotor blade outer skin 12.
- a heating mat 13 is shown in FIG. 2 introduced.
- Both the base plate 10 of the vortex generator 9 and the heating mat 13 are glued to the rotor blade outer skin with an adhesive layer 14.
- the heating mat 13 is connected to the power line 6 via a power connection 15, which is passed through the adhesive layer 14 and the rotor blade shell 8 of the suction side 7 of the rotor blade shell 8.
- the power line 6 may be in communication with a temperature sensor (not shown).
- the temperature sensor switches on a power supply to the heating mat 13 of one, some or all of the vortex generators 9 when the temperature falls below a predetermined outside temperature.
- the heating mat 13 heats up and also heats the vortex generator 9 directly from the base plate 10. Part of the Heat radiated from the heating mat 13 also passes through the rotor blade shell 8 from the outside inwards into the rotor blade 1, with a falling temperature gradient forming from the outside to the inside along the rotor blade shell 8. Because the heating mat 13, compared to conventional heating systems, which emanate from a hot air line in the interior of the rotor blade, is arranged significantly closer to the vortex generator 9 to be heated, this form of heating of the vortex generator 9 is particularly energy-efficient.
- the vortex generators 9 are in turn arranged in parallel and aerodynamically optimally to one another along an aerodynamic profile of the rotor blade 1. Starting from the rotor blade root 5, the vortex generators 9 are arranged by way of example in a straight line, which runs downstream of the rotor blade tip 4, so that vortex generators 9 arranged farther towards the rotor blade tip 4 are further spaced from the rotor blade nose 4.
- Fig. 3 shows five vortex generators 9, of course, one, two or any higher number of vortex generators 9 may be provided; Also, the parallel arrangement of the vortex generators 9 to each other only by way of example.
- the vortex generators 9 can also be arranged at an angle to one another or in another manner relative to one another along the rotor blade outer skin 12 of the suction side 7 of the rotor blade shell 8. In principle, it is also conceivable that the vortex generators 9 are arranged on a pressure side of the rotor blade shell 8. This applies to all embodiments of the invention.
- the rotor blade 1 in a second embodiment has an air inlet 30 on a rotor blade root 35, to which an air line 31 connects.
- the air line 31 is supplied by a heater 32.
- the heater 32 may also be disposed in a hub on which the rotor blade is rotatably mounted.
- the heater 32 is powered by a power connector 33 with power.
- the air duct 31 is guided parallel to the arrangement of the vortex generators 9, but spaced apart from the air upstream to the vortex generators 9.
- the air duct 31 has hot air outlets 34, wherein each vortex generator 9 is associated with exactly one of the hot air outlets 34 and each of the hot air outlets 34 is oriented so that a hot air exiting the hot air outlet 34 is directed exactly to the associated vortex generator 9 and this heated.
- the relative arrangement between the hot air outlet 34 of the air duct 31 and the associated vortex generator 9 is shown in FIG.
- the vortex generator 9 is again designed as an injection-molded component in the form of a conventional vortex generator 9 and glued onto the rotor blade outer skin 12 of the rotor blade shell 8. Downstream of the vortex generator 9, the air line 31 is also arranged on the rotor blade outer skin 12 substantially in the longitudinal direction L of the rotor blade 1.
- the air duct 31 is coated aerodynamically and also glued by means of the adhesive layer 14 on the rotor blade outer skin 12.
- the air duct 31 has on its downstream side the hot air outlets 34, which are each associated with a vortex generator 9.
- the arrow shown in Fig. 4 shows a stream of hot air emerging from the hot air outlet 34 hot air. The dimensions of the components are not to scale.
- FIG. 5 shows a third embodiment of the rotor blade 1 according to the invention. Also in Fig. 5, a rotor blade 1 is shown with a plan view of the suction side 7. In the aerodynamic region of the rotor blade 1, four vortex generators 9 are provided extending substantially parallel to one another in the longitudinal direction L of the rotor blade 1, which in turn are further away from the rotor blade nose 2 with increasing distance from the rotor blade root 5. The distance of the vortex generators 9 from each other is also equidistant. According to FIG. 6, the vortex generators 9 have a metallic layer 60 along their entire outer surface.
- Each of the vortex generators 9 in FIG. 6 is in turn first produced as an injection-molded component in an injection molding process or the like, and then each of the vortex generators 9 is coated with the metallic layer 60.
- the vortex generator 9 coated with the metallic layer 60 is in turn glued to the outer skin 12 of the rotor blade shell 8 by means of the adhesive layer 14, as shown in FIG.
- Rotor blade inside each vortex generator 9 is assigned an inductor 61 is provided.
- This is, for example, a coil connected to an alternating voltage 62, which generates alternating magnetic fields and thus induces an alternating magnetic field in the metallic layer 60 of the vortex generator 9.
- the reversal of the magnetic field generates heat along the outer skin 12 of the vortex generator 9, which in turn heats the vortex generator 9 and protects it against icing or defrosts grown ice.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102015013369.1A DE102015013369A1 (de) | 2015-10-16 | 2015-10-16 | Beheizte aerodynamische Anbauteile |
PCT/EP2016/073758 WO2017063927A1 (de) | 2015-10-16 | 2016-10-05 | Beheizte aerodynamische anbauteile |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3362678A1 true EP3362678A1 (de) | 2018-08-22 |
Family
ID=57104013
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP16777988.3A Withdrawn EP3362678A1 (de) | 2015-10-16 | 2016-10-05 | Beheizte aerodynamische anbauteile |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP3362678A1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE102015013369A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2017063927A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US11536245B2 (en) | 2017-01-26 | 2022-12-27 | General Electric Company | Rotor blade assembly and a wind turbine having the rotor blade assembly |
DE102017110797A1 (de) * | 2017-05-18 | 2018-11-22 | Wobben Properties Gmbh | Windenergieanlagen-Rotorblatt |
DK3514370T3 (da) * | 2018-01-17 | 2023-05-22 | Gen Electric | Rotorvingesamling og en vindmølle, som har rotorvingesamlingen |
FR3097276B1 (fr) * | 2019-06-13 | 2021-06-25 | Mer Agitee | Pale de rotor d’éolienne comportant un actionneur fluidique et procédé d’amélioration des performances aérodynamiques des éoliennes |
CN113137330B (zh) * | 2021-05-08 | 2022-02-22 | 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 | 一种具有除冰功能的风力机叶片 |
KR102606803B1 (ko) * | 2021-12-03 | 2023-11-29 | 삼성중공업 주식회사 | 풍력 발전기용 블레이드 |
Family Cites Families (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AU3255197A (en) * | 1996-07-03 | 1998-02-02 | Lm Glasfiber A/S | A method and a system for deicing of airfoil wings of composite material |
DE10016259C2 (de) * | 2000-04-03 | 2002-06-20 | Karlsruhe Forschzent | Kompakte millimeterwellentechnische Einrichtung zum Enteisen und/oder Vorbeugeneiner Vereisung |
DK174318B1 (da) * | 2000-06-19 | 2002-12-02 | Lm Glasfiber As | Vindmølle til stall-reguleret vindmølle og som omfatter et eller flere organer i form af flapper eller slatter, der er fastgjort til vingen til ændring af dennes profil afhængig af luftens temperatur |
WO2011018695A1 (en) * | 2009-08-11 | 2011-02-17 | EcoTemp International, Inc. | Deicing film for wind turbine air foil |
WO2011127996A1 (en) * | 2010-04-12 | 2011-10-20 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Controlling of a heating mat on a blade of a wind turbine |
EP2444658B1 (de) * | 2010-10-21 | 2016-10-19 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Nachrüstungsvefahren für einen Schaufel einer Windturbine |
CN202483809U (zh) * | 2012-03-13 | 2012-10-10 | 国电联合动力技术有限公司 | 一种具有防/除冰功能的风力机叶片 |
US20130255796A1 (en) * | 2012-03-30 | 2013-10-03 | General Electric Company | Flow-control device, component having a flow-control device, and method of producing a flow-control device |
CN203161452U (zh) * | 2013-03-12 | 2013-08-28 | 北京天诚同创电气有限公司 | 一种新型除冰装置 |
EP2826993B1 (de) * | 2013-07-17 | 2017-04-12 | ADIOS Patent GmbH | Windenergieanlagenrotorblattenteisungsverfahren sowie Windenergieanlagenrotorblattenteisungssystem |
-
2015
- 2015-10-16 DE DE102015013369.1A patent/DE102015013369A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2016
- 2016-10-05 EP EP16777988.3A patent/EP3362678A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2016-10-05 WO PCT/EP2016/073758 patent/WO2017063927A1/de active Application Filing
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2017063927A1 (de) | 2017-04-20 |
DE102015013369A1 (de) | 2017-04-20 |
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