EP3359444B9 - Dispositif de changement de position, en particulier d'un engin nautique - Google Patents

Dispositif de changement de position, en particulier d'un engin nautique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3359444B9
EP3359444B9 EP16778344.8A EP16778344A EP3359444B9 EP 3359444 B9 EP3359444 B9 EP 3359444B9 EP 16778344 A EP16778344 A EP 16778344A EP 3359444 B9 EP3359444 B9 EP 3359444B9
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
watercraft
housing
hull
channel
water
Prior art date
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Active
Application number
EP16778344.8A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3359444B1 (fr
EP3359444A1 (fr
Inventor
Michael THIEMKE
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Hochschule Flensburg
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Hochschule Flensburg
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Publication date
Priority claimed from DE102015219658.5A external-priority patent/DE102015219658A1/de
Priority claimed from DE102015219657.7A external-priority patent/DE102015219657A1/de
Application filed by Hochschule Flensburg filed Critical Hochschule Flensburg
Publication of EP3359444A1 publication Critical patent/EP3359444A1/fr
Publication of EP3359444B1 publication Critical patent/EP3359444B1/fr
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Publication of EP3359444B9 publication Critical patent/EP3359444B9/fr
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H5/00—Arrangements on vessels of propulsion elements directly acting on water
    • B63H5/07—Arrangements on vessels of propulsion elements directly acting on water of propellers
    • B63H5/125—Arrangements on vessels of propulsion elements directly acting on water of propellers movably mounted with respect to hull, e.g. adjustable in direction, e.g. podded azimuthing thrusters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H25/00—Steering; Slowing-down otherwise than by use of propulsive elements; Dynamic anchoring, i.e. positioning vessels by means of main or auxiliary propulsive elements
    • B63H25/42—Steering or dynamic anchoring by propulsive elements; Steering or dynamic anchoring by propellers used therefor only; Steering or dynamic anchoring by rudders carrying propellers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H25/00—Steering; Slowing-down otherwise than by use of propulsive elements; Dynamic anchoring, i.e. positioning vessels by means of main or auxiliary propulsive elements
    • B63H25/46—Steering or dynamic anchoring by jets or by rudders carrying jets
    • B63H2025/465—Jets or thrusters substantially used for steering or dynamic anchoring only, with means for retracting, or otherwise moving to a rest position outside the water flow around the hull

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a position changing device, in particular a drive and / or trimming device, in particular for a watercraft, for example a boat, raft or ship, but also a platform that is in the water, at least temporarily not firmly anchored in the ground.
  • a position changing device in particular a drive and / or trimming device, in particular for a watercraft, for example a boat, raft or ship, but also a platform that is in the water, at least temporarily not firmly anchored in the ground.
  • Machine-driven watercraft such as B. Boats or ships are usually propelled by ship's screws or propellers. Until recently, these were designed as rigid shafts protruding from the ship's hull with a correspondingly molded impeller and only rotatable along the extension direction of the shaft. The direction of travel of the watercraft was specified by one or more rudders, regardless of the drive.
  • the DE 10 2008 037 677 A1 and the U.S. 2,714,866 A show a classic pod drive. Consists of a propeller pod drive with a propeller attached to a drive shaft outside the propeller pod.
  • the propeller gondola is connected to the hull of a watercraft via a suspension and can be pivoted in the azimuthal direction via a gondola pivot drive.
  • the DE 10 2009 033 554 A1 shows a propeller nacelle in a so-called pod drive, which is connected to a hull of a watercraft via a shaft.
  • the shaft has a biconcave, flow-favorable cross-section.
  • At least one propeller is attached to the outside of the propeller pod. If two opposing propellers are attached to the outside of the propeller pod, this is a pulling propeller and a pushing propeller.
  • EP 2 591 993 A1 shows a ship propulsion device comprising a bracket that can be attached to a ship, a housing with a channel that is rotatable relative to a bracket about a steering axis, a propeller that is rotatably arranged within the channel about a propeller axis, and an electric motor of the propeller turns.
  • the propeller contains several blades and a cylindrical rim which surrounds the several blades and is arranged in the housing.
  • the electric motor turns the edge in relation to the canal.
  • Trim is particularly important in today's ever-increasing passenger ships, cargo ships and platforms. In the case of passenger ships, this is due in particular to the fact that, due to their high superstructures, they have a comparatively high center of gravity and thus already have a reduced stability compared to flat watercraft. In cargo ships, in particular container ships, which nowadays often offer space for tens of thousands of containers, uniform loading is an essential criterion. This also applies, for example, to loading and unloading processes in port, where regular care must be taken to ensure uniform unloading in order to avoid damage to the ship's structure, which can even result in the hull breaking.
  • the object is achieved by a position changing device according to claim 14.
  • the object is achieved independently of this by a drive device according to claim 1 and a trimming device according to claim 7.
  • a position changing device in particular for a watercraft, has a drive device of the type described here and a trimming device of the type described here.
  • a position changing device within the meaning of the present invention is in particular a device which is provided, in particular set up, to control the position, in particular of a watercraft in the plane (drive device) and / or the alignment along the vertical axis, in particular relative to a water surface (trimming device) to influence and / or define.
  • the basic idea of this aspect of the present invention is to arrange the feed device at least partially within the channel and connected to it within the housing in such a way that the latter can contribute to protecting the feed device from damage, for example if it runs aground protect.
  • a prescribed minimum distance between the feed device and the ground can be selected to be small, since the drive device is at least partially protected even with light ground contact.
  • the arrangement of the housing outside the hull of the watercraft is particularly advantageous because in this way the components arranged at least partially inside the housing, such as, for. B. the feed device and the drive device are outsourced from the watercraft hull, whereby the available space within the watercraft hull can be used for other purposes.
  • the drive device according to the invention enables the drive device according to the invention to provide very good maneuverability and positional accuracy, as z. B. is required for utilities in the offshore sector.
  • the arrangement of the feed device which is provided at least partially within the channel, allows a very free design of the outside of the housing, since requirements of the feed device when designing the outside of the housing - except for the upstream and downstream openings - are at least of subordinate importance, in particular at least essentially irrelevant are.
  • the channel which is at least partially closed in cross section perpendicular to the direction of flow, provides at least essentially defined flow properties of the medium passing through, in particular fresh and / or salt water.
  • a suitable design of the at least partially closed channel makes the energy efficiency particularly advantageous.
  • a “drive device” in the context of the present invention is to be understood in particular as a device which is provided, in particular set up, to provide a feed in at least one direction.
  • a drive device for a watercraft provides the advance preferably at least substantially parallel to the keel line of the watercraft.
  • a drive device within the meaning of the present invention is rotatably mounted at least substantially perpendicular to the keel line about a vertical axis, whereby a change in the direction of advance relative to the keel line of the watercraft by up to 360 ° can be made possible.
  • a "watercraft” within the meaning of the present invention is explicitly to be understood broadly, so that this includes all objects that are on, in or under the surface of the water and that are intended, in particular equipped, for example people and / or goods transport or carry.
  • Examples of watercraft within the meaning of the present invention are boats, ships, submarines, rafts, platforms, in particular conveyor platforms, and the like.
  • a “housing” in the context of the present invention is to be understood in particular as a hollow body which is intended, in particular, designed to accommodate objects or components, to connect them to form a unit and / or to protect them from environmental influences, in particular mechanical influences, Ingress of liquids and / or gases or the like to protect.
  • a housing can either be made in one piece or in several pieces.
  • the housing in the sense of the present invention has at least one upstream and one downstream opening, through which a water volume flow can enter and exit.
  • the housing can be designed in such a way that this water volume flow is prevented from penetrating into other areas of the housing, such as a technical room, for example.
  • upstream or “downstream” in the sense of the present invention describes the orientation of an object, for example the housing, with respect to a water flow, with “upstream” describing the side of the housing towards which the water flow is moving, while “downstream” describes that side of the housing which is opposite to the side of the housing against which the water flows.
  • a “feed device” in the context of the present invention is to be understood in particular as a device which takes up mechanical work and transfers it to the surrounding medium in the form of flow energy.
  • Feed devices in the sense of the present invention are, for example, a jet drive, a nozzle ring propeller, a propeller on a shaft or a propeller in an outer ring rotor.
  • a “drive device” in the context of the present invention is to be understood in particular as a structural device which, by means of energy conversion, provides kinetic energy, in particular in the form of a force or a torque.
  • Drive devices in the sense of the present invention are, for example, electric drives, internal combustion drives, pneumatic drives, atomic energy drives, hydraulic drives or the like.
  • a “channel” in the sense of the present invention is to be understood in particular as a recess in a base body that is at least partially closed with regard to a cross section which is viewed at least substantially perpendicular to a direction of extent of the channel. That is, a channel in the sense of the present invention can be, for example, a groove or channel which is formed in the basic object (here is a partially closed cross-section) or can be in the form of a passage or tunnel (in this context, a closed cross-section spoken).
  • the channel is designed as a tubular tunnel with a closed cross section perpendicular to the direction of flow and / or the feed device is completely enclosed by the housing in a plane perpendicular to the direction of flow.
  • the channel does not have to be designed over the entire length as a tubular tunnel perpendicular to the direction of flow with a closed cross-section, but can also have a channel-like inlet and / or outlet, so that only an area arranged in between in the form of a tubular tunnel is designed with a closed cross section, wherein the feed device is at least partially, in particular completely, within this tubular section arranged therebetween.
  • a "watercraft hull” in the context of the present invention is to be understood in particular as that part of the watercraft which is designed in one or more parts and which is intended, in particular set up, to accommodate machines, goods and / or people on or in itself.
  • the watercraft hull is at least partially, in particular completely, arranged above the water surface.
  • the watercraft hull itself provides at least part of the desired buoyancy force and / or is at least mechanically connected to devices which provide buoyancy, for example floating bodies.
  • a watercraft hull within the meaning of the present invention is, for example, a classic ship or boat hull, the at least substantially flat platform of a raft, a boat or ship shell or the like.
  • a watercraft can have only one hull (e.g. monohull ship), two hulls (e.g. catamaran) or more hulls (e.g. trimaran).
  • buoyancy body within the meaning of the present invention is to be understood in particular as a device which, because of its volume-to-mass ratio, is intended, in particular designed, to influence objects mechanically connected to it in their position in the water, in particular on and / or to be kept in close proximity to the surface of the water.
  • Examples of buoyancy bodies within the meaning of the present invention include hollow bodies made of metal and / or plastic and / or rubber-like material, in particular balloons, foam bodies, or the like, filled with gases, in particular ambient air.
  • Buoyancy bodies within the meaning of the present invention can have active and / or passive components. Passive components are, for example, tanks, cavities, canisters, balloons, hoses, pipes and the like.
  • Active components are, for example, valves, pumps, gas-operated blow-out devices, but also those devices which themselves actively and directly generate buoyancy, such as. B. at least substantially aligned along the vertical axis propellers and / or screw drives, water and / or gas nozzles, internal combustion engines or the like.
  • the housing is provided, in particular set up, to be arranged at a distance from the watercraft hull and wherein the drive device furthermore has a connecting device which is provided, in particular designed, to provide a mechanical connection between the housing and the watercraft hull.
  • a “connecting device” in the context of the present invention is to be understood in particular as a device which provides a mechanical connection between the housing and the watercraft hull.
  • This can, for example, in the form of a rod firmly connected at both ends, a hollow body, for example a tubular hollow body, or of pliable elements such.
  • B. consist of a rope, rope, chain, hose or the like.
  • the connecting device is designed with regard to its external geometry with regard to its fluidic properties, in particular with regard to the flow resistance.
  • the connecting device itself is optimized with regard to its fluidic properties, in particular with regard to its external geometry.
  • the connection device takes on other tasks in addition to providing a mechanical connection between the housing and the watercraft hull, such as, for. B. the provision of electrical energy and / or liquid or gaseous fuels and / or in particular gaseous propellant media, especially for blowing out floating bodies, as will be described in more detail below, or the transmission of electrical, electronic and / or mechanical control signals Type of components in or on the watercraft hull to components within the housing.
  • the distance between the housing and the watercraft hull can be varied, in particular by means of a telescopic construction of the connecting device.
  • the connecting device of the drive device provides a rotating / swiveling unit on the side of the watercraft hull and / or on the side of the housing, via which the drive device can be rotated horizontally about a vertical axis of rotation as desired.
  • the rotating / pivoting unit provides the possibility of pivoting and a further axis, in particular about an at least essentially horizontal axis.
  • the housing is movable with respect to the watercraft, in particular with respect to the hull of the watercraft, in particular pivotable about a vertical axis and / or at least one other axis.
  • the rotation around the vertical axis is particularly suitable for maneuvering the watercraft in two-dimensional space, i.e. in particular on the surface of the water.
  • a pivoting of the housing about an axis other than the vertical axis is provided, in particular designed to enable part of the feed generated by the feed device to change the position of the watercraft in the water, for example to lift the watercraft at least partially out of the water by means of the drive device In order to thereby in particular reduce the draft of the watercraft when negotiating areas with low water, in particular shoals, or areas near the shore.
  • the channel is designed as a tubular tunnel with a closed cross section perpendicular to the direction of flow and / or the feed device is completely enclosed by the housing in a plane perpendicular to the direction of flow.
  • the channel does not have to be designed over the entire length as a tubular tunnel perpendicular to the direction of flow with a closed cross-section, but can also have a channel-like inlet and / or outlet, so that only an area arranged in between in the form of a tubular tunnel is formed with a closed cross-section, wherein the feed device is at least partially, in particular completely, within this section arranged between them.
  • the drive device furthermore has at least one buoyancy body inside the housing.
  • This buoyancy body is arranged in particular between an outer wall of the housing and the at least partially closed channel, the at least one buoyancy body being provided, in particular designed, to be at least at least substantially watertight at least temporarily separated from the water surrounding the housing.
  • the drive device according to this embodiment is at least essentially freely scalable with regard to the buoyancy and the drive within the structurally predetermined limits.
  • At least one of the buoyancy bodies has a plurality of separate volume areas. This makes it possible to set individual volume sections of the buoyancy body independently of the others with regard to the buoyancy force provided by it. Such a separation is preferably carried out by at least one partition and / or at least one bulkhead.
  • the buoyancy body can be controlled, in particular regulated, with regard to the buoyancy force it provides.
  • the float can be tared, e.g. B. by pumps in order to make the draft / buoyancy of a watercraft connected to the drive device via the connecting device controllable, in particular adjustable.
  • the buoyancy body is either filled exclusively with gas, in particular air, or completely with fluid, in particular water, or can assume any degree of gas or fluid between these two extremes.
  • the buoyancy can be selected so that the drive device or the drive devices sink or rise relative to the water surface.
  • a reduction in the buoyancy force provided by the buoyancy bodies results in the watercraft with its watercraft hull lying deeper in the water. As a result, the watercraft is less sensitive to the influence of swell and / or wind, since the position of the center of gravity is lowered, in particular in the area below the surface of the water.
  • a blowing device has: a gas valve device with at least one closed position and one open position, a pressure supply device, in particular a pressure tank and / or compressor as well as a gas-carrying connection which can be released by the valve device between the pressure supply device and the floating body.
  • the opening in the upstream end of the housing has a protective device which is set up to at least reduce the probability of solid bodies penetrating into the channel.
  • the protective device has a structure of at least substantially parallel pliable or solid bodies (so-called grill) and / or a grid or net made of metal, plastic or other pliable material and / or another suitable filter structure.
  • the feed device has an outer retaining ring which limits the diameter of the feed device to the outside.
  • a shaft can be dispensed with in this design.
  • the feed device according to this embodiment is directed inwards towards the axis of rotation, the ring is mounted in the channel or within the housing. This is particularly advantageous because with this type of construction it is possible to dispense with a shaft, hub around which nets, fishing lines and cables could be wound.
  • this design variant of the propulsion device meets the requirements in offshore operation very well.
  • the housing of the drive device preferably has a flow-favorable channel profile and / or a flow-favorable outer profile. Furthermore, streamlined, in particular round, formations can be provided on the upstream and downstream ends of the housing in order to reduce turbulence around the drive device. The nozzle effect of the channel achieved by this design helps to achieve a very good bollard pull of the feed device and to make the dynamic positioning of the watercraft easy.
  • the drive device also has an energy recovery device, which is provided, in particular is set up to absorb braking energy and / or swirl energy, in particular by utilizing an incoming water volume flow.
  • the housing is provided, in particular set up, electrical and / or electronic components, such as. B. to include energy storage, batteries, regulating devices, control devices and pumps.
  • the drive device also has a pull drive, in particular a combined pull and push drive.
  • the drive device preferably has two impellers within the channel, which either, based on the blade geometries and / or the directions of rotation, generate a pulling force and a feed rate.
  • both the feed device and the pulling device are driven by one and the same drive device, in particular via a gear.
  • a watercraft within the meaning of the present invention has at least one drive device of the type described here.
  • such a watercraft has a plurality of drive devices which are at least partially controllable or regulatable with regard to their buoyancy, in particular with one another. So it is z. B. possible to compensate for load balancing when stowing. After execution, targeted sinking processes are possible, similar to submarines.
  • deck structures or loads subsequently arranged on the deck of the watercraft can be placed and / or loaded and / or deleted in a variable manner without this affecting e.g. B. has the relative horizontal position of the deck.
  • the position of the deck can be individually adapted to the requirements of a loading or Adapted to the deletion process, e.g. B. be inclined, lowered and / or lifted in order to directly support a loading process, deleting process and / or jam process.
  • each feed device can be regulated, in particular separately, with regard to the direction of thrust and / or the strength of the thrust.
  • the dynamic positioning of the watercraft can be realized by rotating one and / or more drive devices around the respective axes of rotation A and / or by varying the thrust and / or by varying the buoyancy provided between several propulsion devices and / or floating bodies distributed over several drive devices.
  • One use according to the invention of a drive device is to drive a watercraft.
  • the drive device is provided, in particular set up, to be subsequently attached to and / or in the watercraft as a retrofit device.
  • the connecting device has flexible, releasable fixings in order to fasten the drive device to the watercraft.
  • the basic idea of the present invention is to change the buoyancy force of a float, which is arranged outside of a water vehicle, in order to thereby influence the position of the water vehicle in the water. According to the invention, this is done either by adapting the buoyancy force provided by the buoyancy body, in particular with an at least substantially constant distance between the housing and the base body, and / or by changing said distance.
  • the arrangement of the housing or the housing with the buoyancy body or the buoyancy bodies outside, in particular at least substantially below the watercraft, enables a very good use of space in or on the watercraft, since the space gained to accommodate people and / or goods or the like can be provided.
  • the trimming device according to the invention it is possible with the trimming device according to the invention to make the watercraft compact and / or to optimize the elements located in the water with regard to the flow properties.
  • a high buoyancy force provided ensures that the watercraft lies higher in the water and therefore offers less resistance to the water when moving.
  • a low buoyancy force that is provided ensures that the watercraft lies deeper in the water, as a result of which the center of gravity is lowered with respect to the water surface, which means an increased stability of the watercraft with regard to swell and / or gusts of wind. Due to the Archimedes' principle, the position of the watercraft in the water can also be influenced by changing the distance between the base body and the housing.
  • such a buoyancy is generated by means of the buoyancy body that the lower edge of the watercraft hull is located completely above the smooth water level, in particular above the water surface.
  • the buoyancy body can be controlled, in particular regulated, in such a way that an adaptation of the height level to another watercraft (not shown) or another object statically arranged in or on the water can be achieved, for example in order to transfer goods and / or people to facilitate.
  • the mobility of the housing with respect to the watercraft, in particular with respect to the watercraft hull, results in a very high Maneuverability of the watercraft achieved, in particular because the housing can be aligned with respect to the watercraft hull in such a way that the water resistance of the trimming device can be kept low, in particular when changing direction.
  • a “trimming device” in the context of the present invention is to be understood in particular as a device which is provided, in particular set up, to align a body in a desired position.
  • the trimming forces generated in this way compensate for forces that change the position of the body in an undesired way.
  • the trimming primarily relates to a static trim, i.e. the trimming forces generated are at least essentially independent of the speed of a trimmed body.
  • the trimming device changes a parameter from a group consisting of: a yaw angle, ie an angle which describes a rotation around the Z axis of a Cartesian coordinate system, the Z axis also being a yaw, vertical or vertical axis can be designated; a pitch angle, i.e. an angle which describes a rotation around the Y axis of the Cartesian coordinate system, the Y axis also being referred to as the pitch or transverse axis; a roll angle, i.e.
  • the water surface defines the X-Y plane, which is spanned by the axes of the Cartesian coordinate system.
  • a "watercraft” within the meaning of the present invention is explicitly to be understood broadly, so that this includes all objects that are on, in or under the surface of the water and that are intended, in particular equipped, for example people and / or goods transport or carry.
  • Examples of watercraft within the meaning of the present invention are boats, ships, submarines, rafts, platforms, in particular conveyor platforms, and the like.
  • a “housing” in the sense of the present invention is to be understood in particular as a hollow body which is provided, in particular set up, to accommodate objects and / or components in itself, to connect them to form a unit and / or to protect against environmental influences, in particular mechanical ones To protect against influences, penetration of liquids and / or gases or the like.
  • a housing can either be made in one piece or in several pieces.
  • the housing in the sense of the present invention has at least one upstream and one downstream opening, through which a water volume flow can enter and exit. According to one embodiment, the housing is designed in such a way that this water volume flow is prevented from penetrating into other areas of the housing, such as a technical room, for example.
  • upstream or “downstream” in the sense of the present invention describes the orientation of an object, for example the housing, with respect to a water flow, with “upstream” describing the side of the housing towards which the water flow is moving, while “downstream” describes that side of the housing which is opposite to the side of the housing against which the water flows.
  • a "watercraft hull” in the context of the present invention is to be understood in particular as that part of the watercraft which is designed in one or more parts and which is intended, in particular set up, to accommodate machines, goods and / or people on or in itself.
  • the watercraft hull is at least partially, in particular completely, arranged above the water surface.
  • the watercraft hull itself provides at least part of the desired buoyancy force and / or is at least mechanically connected to devices which provide buoyancy, for example floating bodies.
  • a watercraft hull within the meaning of the present invention is, for example, a classic ship or boat hull, the at least substantially flat platform of a raft, a boat or ship shell or the like.
  • a watercraft can have only one hull (e.g. monohull ship), two hulls (e.g. catamaran) or more hulls (e.g. trimaran).
  • buoyancy body within the meaning of the present invention is to be understood in particular as a device which, because of its volume-to-mass ratio, is intended, in particular designed, to influence objects mechanically connected to it in their position in the water, in particular on and / or to be kept in close proximity to the surface of the water.
  • Examples of buoyancy bodies within the meaning of the present invention include hollow bodies made of metal and / or plastic and / or rubber-like material, in particular balloons, foam bodies or the like, filled with gases, in particular ambient air.
  • Buoyancy bodies within the meaning of the present invention can have active and / or passive components. Passive components are, for example, tanks, cavities, canisters, balloons, hoses, pipes and the like.
  • Active components are, for example, valves, pumps, gas-operated blow-out devices, but also those devices which themselves actively and directly generate buoyancy, such as. B. propellers and / or screw drives, water and / or gas nozzles, internal combustion engines or the like.
  • a “connecting device” in the context of the present invention is to be understood in particular as a device which provides a mechanical connection between the housing and the watercraft hull.
  • This can for example be in the form of a rod firmly connected at both ends, a hollow body, for example a tubular hollow body.
  • the connecting device is designed to be adapted with regard to its external geometry with regard to its fluidic properties, in particular with regard to the flow resistance.
  • the connecting device has a rotating and / or pivoting device on the side of the watercraft hull and / or on the side of the housing, via which the housing can be rotated about an axis of rotation.
  • the connecting device itself is optimized with regard to its fluidic properties, in particular with regard to its external geometry.
  • the connection device takes on other tasks in addition to providing a mechanical connection between the housing and the watercraft hull, such as, for. B. the provision of electrical Energy and / or liquid or gaseous fuels and / or in particular gaseous propellants, in particular for blowing out floating bodies, as will be described in more detail below, or a transmission of control signals of electrical, electronic and / or mechanical type of components in or on the watercraft hull on components within the housing.
  • the height of the connecting device is designed for the required draft of the watercraft. According to a preferred embodiment, the distance between the housing and the watercraft hull is kept variable, in particular by means of a telescopic construction of the connecting device.
  • a “control device” in the context of the present invention is to be understood in particular as a device which receives data, processes it, generates a control signal therefrom for at least one other component of the trimming device and transmits it to it.
  • the control device has, for example, a processor device and a memory device as well as at least one sensor device which receives at least one measurement signal and transmits it to the processor device.
  • Sensor devices within the meaning of the present invention are, for example, position and / or position sensors, antennas for receiving external control commands, GPS receivers, DGPS receivers (DGPS: Differential Global Positioning System) or the like. Based on such measurements, a controlled position of the watercraft in the water can be achieved.
  • the buoyancy body is provided, in particular designed, to be filled exclusively with gas, in particular air, or completely with fluid, in particular water, or in particular at least essentially any degree of gas or gas filling between these two extremes. Accept fluid.
  • the buoyancy can be selected so that a reference plane of the watercraft falls or rises relative to the water surface.
  • the buoyancy body has a plurality of volume regions, in particular separated by at least one partition wall. This makes it possible to set individual volume sections of the buoyancy body independently of the others with regard to the buoyancy force provided by it. Such a separation is preferably carried out by a partition and / or a bulkhead.
  • a blowing device has: a gas valve device with at least one closed position and one open position, a pressure supply device, in particular a pressure tank and / or a compressor, and a gas-carrying connection between the pressure supply device and the floating body that can be released by the valve device.
  • the connecting device has at least two, in particular two, three, four, five, six or more, elements which can be telescoped into one another.
  • the change in the provided distance between the base body and the housing can be controlled in such a way that at least essentially no components of the connecting device enter the watercraft hull.
  • the connecting device is fastened to the outside of the watercraft hull and is not intended, in particular, to be drawn in at least partially into the interior of the watercraft hull.
  • the connecting devices can be at least partially retracted into the watercraft hull. This enables a very simple structural implementation of the connecting device.
  • connection device is provided, in particular set up, to protrude at least partially beyond a deck of the watercraft.
  • a very simple structural implementation can also be achieved with relatively large distances between the watercraft hull and the housing.
  • the original properties of a trimming device are supplemented by the capability of the watercraft in X or. Y-direction, i.e. to maneuver into a desired position on the water surface.
  • a “feed device” in the context of the present invention is to be understood in particular as a device which takes up mechanical work and transfers it to the surrounding medium in the form of flow energy.
  • Feed devices in the sense of the present invention are, for example, a jet drive, a nozzle ring propeller, a propeller on a shaft or a propeller in an outer ring rotor.
  • a “drive device” in the context of the present invention is to be understood in particular as a structural device which, by means of energy conversion, provides kinetic energy, in particular in the form of a force or a torque.
  • Drive devices in the sense of the present invention are, for example, electric drives, internal combustion drives, pneumatic drives, atomic energy drives, hydraulic drives or the like.
  • a suitably designed trimming device provides very good maneuverability and positional accuracy, as z. B. is required for utilities in the offshore sector.
  • the housing has at least one opening in each of the upstream end and the downstream end, which are connected to one another by a channel which is at least partially closed in cross section perpendicular to the direction of flow; and wherein the feed device is arranged at least partially within, in particular completely, within the channel.
  • the basic idea of these explanations is to arrange the feed device at least partially within the channel and connected therewith inside the housing in such a way that the latter at least partially protects the feed device from damage, for example if it runs aground.
  • the arrangement of the feed device which is provided at least partially within the channel, allows a very free design of the outside of the housing, since requirements of the feed device when designing the outside of the housing - except for the upstream and downstream openings - are at least of subordinate importance, in particular at least essentially irrelevant are.
  • the channel which is at least partially closed in cross section perpendicular to the direction of flow, provides at least essentially defined flow properties of the medium passing through, in particular fresh or salt water.
  • a suitable design of the at least partially closed channel can make the energy efficiency particularly advantageous.
  • a “channel” in the sense of the present invention is to be understood in particular as a recess in a base body that is at least partially closed with regard to a cross section which is viewed at least substantially perpendicular to a direction of extent of the channel. That is, a channel in the sense of the present invention can be, for example, a groove or channel which is formed in the basic object (here is a partially closed cross-section) or can be in the form of a passage or tunnel (in this context, a closed cross-section spoken).
  • the channel is designed as a tubular tunnel with a closed cross section perpendicular to the direction of flow and / or the feed device is completely enclosed by the housing in a plane perpendicular to the direction of flow.
  • the channel does not have to be designed over the entire length as a tubular tunnel perpendicular to the direction of flow with a closed cross-section, but can also have a channel-like inlet and / or outlet, so that only an area arranged in between in the form of a tubular tunnel is designed with a closed cross section, wherein the feed device is at least partially, in particular completely, within this tubular section arranged therebetween.
  • the trimming device By combining the trimming device with elements of a drive device, it is also possible to prevent parts of the feed device, in particular the blade tips, from emerging from the water. Leaving the tips of the leaves out of the water, even when approaching the surface of the water critically, leads not only to a decrease in the feed rate but also to increased unevenness in the generation of thrust, increased noise and cavitation effects. In this way it can also be avoided that the dynamic positioning of a watercraft is made more difficult due to undesired movements, which are initiated by the emergence of propeller blade tips.
  • the feed device is selected from a group comprising: a jet drive, a nozzle ring propeller, a propeller on a shaft or a propeller in an outer ring rotor.
  • the one opening in the upstream end of the housing has a protective device which is provided, in particular designed, to at least reduce the probability of solid bodies penetrating into the channel.
  • the protective device has a structure of at least essentially parallel pliable or solid bodies (so-called grill) and / or a grid or net formed from metal, plastic or other pliable material and / or another suitable filter structure.
  • a watercraft according to the invention has a trimming device according to one of the embodiments described above.
  • One use according to the invention of a trimming device consists in trimming a watercraft.
  • a preferred use provides for the trimming device to be subsequently attached to and / or in the watercraft as a retrofit device.
  • the connecting device has flexible, releasable fixings in order to fasten the drive device to the watercraft.
  • Fig. 1 shows a drive device 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the drive device 100 has a housing 110, a feed device 120, a channel 130, a buoyancy body 140 and a connecting device 150.
  • the connecting device 150 is the Drive device 100 is mechanically connected to a watercraft 1, more precisely, to the watercraft hull 1 a of the watercraft 1.
  • the drive device 100 can be rotated or pivoted about an axis of rotation A relative to the watercraft 1.
  • the feed device 120 is driven by a drive device (not shown).
  • the drive device can either be arranged inside the channel 130 in front of or behind the feed device 120 or else be arranged inside the housing 110, the drive device according to this embodiment being mechanically connected to the feed device, in particular via a shaft, a gear or the like.
  • a flow S is generated by the drive device 120, as a result of which water is sucked in at the upstream end of the housing 110 and expelled at the downstream end of the housing 110. This generates a mechanical advance which is transmitted to the watercraft via the connecting device 150, as a result of which the watercraft is set in motion.
  • the floating body 140 is dimensioned in such a way that it is provided, in particular set up, to influence the position of the watercraft in the water.
  • buoyancy is generated by means of the buoyancy body 140 such that a lower edge 1b of the watercraft hull 1a is located completely above the smooth water level W G , in particular above the water surface W.
  • the buoyancy body can be controlled, in particular regulated, in such a way that an adaptation of the height level to another watercraft (not shown) or another object statically arranged in or on the water can be achieved, for example in order to transfer goods and / or To facilitate people.
  • Fig. 2 shows further embodiments of a drive device 100 'according to the invention; 100 "and 100"'.
  • the above statements with regard to the design and the mode of operation apply in the same way to the embodiments 100 ′, 100 ′′ and 100 ′ ′′, unless otherwise stated in the following statements.
  • the illustrated embodiments of the drive device 100 ', 100 "and 100'” differ from the embodiment of FIG Fig. 1 only with regard to the fluidic design of the housing and / or the channels.
  • the properties of the drive device according to the invention can be adapted to the respective requirements.
  • the housing, as in the embodiment of the drive device 100 ′ can be designed with an enlarged volume in order to preferably provide a larger volume for the buoyancy body (s) and thus provide greater scope for action when modifying the position of the watercraft in the water.
  • the embodiment 100 ′ ′′ has a rather small housing 110, so that here the modification options are either limited or, in the case of an embodiment without a float, are completely omitted.
  • the geometric shape of the drive device can therefore be adapted to the needs of a watercraft in almost any way in order to also take into account "form follows function" aspects in the design of the watercraft and / or the drive device.
  • the shape of the drive device, for. B. can be determined by different tasks in relation to the driving resistance, dynamic positioning, cheap production, low locatability or a favorable ratio of mass to displacement volume.
  • Fig. 3 shows a watercraft 1, having a watercraft hull 1a and three trimming devices 10 'with an additional feed function according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the trimming devices 10 ' have: a housing 110, a feed device 120, a buoyancy body 140 and a connecting device 150 Fig. 3 the buoyancy bodies 140 arranged in the housings 110 are connected to the watercraft hull 1 a of the watercraft 1 via rod-shaped connecting devices 150.
  • the individual housings are also each provided with a feed device 120, each of which is driven by a drive device (not shown).
  • the feed device and buoyancy body are arranged in relation to the water surface W so that hydrostatic lift and thrust generation take place outside the main area of influence of the waves, ie below the deepest permissible wave trough for calm sea behavior W T.
  • the watercraft is preferably brought into a position by the trim devices according to the invention so that the watercraft hull 1a is completely emerged from the water, ie the lower edge 1b of the watercraft hull 1a is arranged above the height of the highest permissible wave crest for calm sea behavior W H.
  • the plane aligned horizontally in the plane of the smooth water level corresponds to the plane spanned by the X and Y axes in the Cartesian coordinate system shown.
  • the center of gravity of the entire watercraft 1 in relation to the metacenter M is to be chosen so deep that a stable swimming position is ensured even with conceivable swell during transport.
  • Deck superstructures and the people and / or materials to be transported can be located above the ship's hull 1a. Furthermore, possible structures and technical supply systems can also be located here.
  • the trimming devices 10 ′ are each rotatable about an axis A.
  • one or more of the trimming devices 10 ′ can be provided, in particular designed, to be pivoted about a further axis, in particular an axis perpendicular to the axis of rotation A. This makes it possible to actively control the provided lift of the trimming device in a further way.
  • Trimming devices 10 without a feed function can also be provided, in particular designed, to be rotated around a vertical axis A, in particular in order to adjust the flow resistance, for example during a turn.
  • FIG. 3 shows the watercraft 1 with a combination of trimming devices 10 'with a feed function, which has already been described in relation to Fig. 3 have been described, and trimming devices 10 without a feed function according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • trimming devices according to the invention can also be arranged on one and the same watercraft. It is explicitly pointed out that additionally hull gondolas not according to the invention can also be arranged underneath a watercraft according to the invention, in particular to provide a thrust, with at least essentially no contribution, in particular no controllable contribution, to the buoyancy being made.
  • Fig. 4 After running the Fig. 4 provide the two trimming devices 10 'with an additional feed function in addition to a buoyancy force, the feed required for the watercraft 1.
  • trimming devices 10 are provided without such a feed function. These consequently serve to stabilize the watercraft 1 in the water and / or to balance it.
  • Fig. 5 shows a schematic view of a further embodiment according to the invention of a trimming device 10 ′′ with an internal feed device 120.
  • the trimming device 10 ′′ has a channel 130 in which the feed device 120 is at least partially arranged.
  • the trimming device 10 ′′ can be rotated or pivoted relative to the watercraft 1 about an axis of rotation A.
  • the feed device 120 is driven by a drive device (not shown).
  • the drive device can either be arranged within the channel 130 in front of or behind the feed device 120 or but be arranged within the housing 110, wherein the drive device according to one embodiment is mechanically connected to the feed device 120, in particular via a shaft, a gear or the like.
  • a flow S is generated by the drive device 120, as a result of which water is sucked in at the upstream end of the housing 110 and expelled at the downstream end of the housing 110. This generates a mechanical advance which is transmitted to the watercraft 1 via the connecting device 150, as a result of which the watercraft 1 is set in motion.
  • ⁇ b> List of reference symbols ⁇ /b> 1 Watercraft 1a Watercraft hull 1b Lower edge of the watercraft hull 1a 10 Trimming device 10 ' Trimming device with additional feed function 10 " Trimming device with additional feed function 100 Drive device 100 ' Drive device 100 " Drive device 100 '" Drive device 110 casing 120 Feed device 130 channel 140 Floats 150 Connecting device A. Axis of rotation B.
  • Buoyancy center of gravity G Center of gravity M. Metacenter O G Top edge of housing 110 O V Upper edge of the feed device 120 S.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Dispositif d'entraînement (100, 100', 100", 100"') pour un engin nautique (1), avec :
    (a) un boîtier (110) avec une extrémité en amont et une extrémité en aval, dans lequel le boîtier (110) est mis au point pour être disposé à l'extérieur d'une coque d'engin nautique (1a) de l'engin nautique (1) ;
    (b) au moins un dispositif d'avancement (120), lequel est disposé au moins en partie, en particulier en totalité, sous la surface de l'eau (W) ; et
    (c) au moins un système d'entraînement, lequel soumet le système d'avancement (120) à l'action d'un couple de rotation,
    dans lequel le boîtier (110) présente dans l'extrémité en amont et dans l'extrémité en aval respectivement au moins une ouverture, lesquelles sont reliées entre elles par un canal (130) au moins en partie fermé dans la section transversale de manière perpendiculaire par rapport à une direction d'écoulement (S) et par lesquelles respectivement un flux volumique d'eau peut entrer et sortir, dans lequel
    le système d'avancement (120) est disposé au moins en partie, en particulier en totalité, à l'intérieur du canal (130),
    le boîtier (110) est mis au point pour loger en lui des composants électriques et/ou électroniques et les protéger contre toute infiltration de liquides et pour empêcher le flux volumique d'eau d'entrer dans d'autres zones du boîtier,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le dispositif d'entraînement (100, 100', 100", 100"') présente à l'intérieur du boîtier (110) par ailleurs au moins un flotteur (140), dans lequel au moins un des flotteurs (140) peut être commandé, en particulier régulé, en termes de force de portance produite par lui.
  2. Dispositif d'entraînement selon la revendication 1, dans lequel le boîtier (110) est tenu à distance de la coque d'engin nautique (1a) et dans lequel le dispositif d'entraînement (100, 100', 100", 100"') présente par ailleurs un système de liaison (150), lequel produit une liaison mécanique entre le boîtier (110) et la coque d'engin nautique (1a).
  3. Dispositif d'entraînement selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 ou 2, dans lequel le boîtier (110) est mobile par rapport à l'engin nautique (1), en particulier peut être pivoté autour d'un axe vertical (A) et/ou au moins autour d'un autre axe.
  4. Dispositif d'entraînement selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, dans lequel le canal (130) est réalisé en tant que tunnel en forme de tube avec une section transversale fermée de manière perpendiculaire par rapport à la direction d'écoulement (S), et/ou le système d'avancement (120) est entouré en totalité par le boîtier (110) dans un plan de manière perpendiculaire par rapport à la direction d'écoulement (S).
  5. Dispositif d'entraînement selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel au moins un des flotteurs (140) peut être commandé, en particulier régulé, en termes de la force de portance produite par lui, et présente :
    (a) un système de soupape avec au moins une position de fermeture et une position de passage, lequel est mis au point pour commander, en particulier réguler, un flux entrant de fluide et/ou un flux entrant de gaz dans le flotteur (140) ; et/ou
    (b) un système de vidange, en particulier présentant un système de pompage et/ou un système de soufflage, lequel est mis au point pour commander, en particulier réguler, un flux sortant de fluide hors du flotteur (140).
  6. Engin nautique (1) présentant au moins un dispositif d'entraînement (100, 100', 100", 100"') selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5.
  7. Dispositif d'assiette (10, 10', 10") pour un engin nautique (1) avec :
    (a) un boîtier (110) avec une extrémité en amont et une extrémité en aval, dans lequel le boîtier (110) est mis au point pour être disposé à l'extérieur, en particulier au moins sensiblement sous l'engin nautique (1) ;
    (b) au moins un flotteur (140), lequel est disposé au moins en partie à l'intérieur du boîtier (110) et produit une force de portance pouvant être commandée ;
    (c) au moins un système de liaison (150), lequel est mis au point pour relier au moins mécaniquement le boîtier (110) à distance d'une coque d'engin nautique (1a) de l'engin nautique (1) à celui-ci ; et
    (d) un système de commande, qui est mis au point pour commander la position de l'engin nautique (1) par rapport à la surface de l'eau (W),
    dans lequel le boîtier (110) est mobile par rapport à l'engin nautique (1), en particulier peut être pivoté autour d'un axe vertical (A) et/ou au moins autour d'un autre axe, et le système de commande est mis au point pour commander, en particulier pour réguler, la force de portance produite par le flotteur (140),
    caractérisé en ce que
    le système de commande est mis au point pour commander, en particulier pour réguler, une distance produite par le système de liaison (150) entre la coque d'engin nautique (1a) et le boîtier (110).
  8. Dispositif d'assiette selon la revendication 7, dans lequel l'au moins un flotteur (140) présente :
    (a) un système de soupape avec au moins une position de fermeture et une position de passage, lequel est mis au point pour commander, en particulier pour réguler, un flux entrant de gaz et/ou de fluide dans le flotteur (140) ; et/ou
    (b) un système de vidange, en particulier présentant un système de pompage et/ou un système de soufflage, lequel est mis au point pour commander, en particulier pour réguler, un flux sortant de gaz et/ou de fluide hors du flotteur (140).
  9. Dispositif d'assiette selon l'une quelconque des revendications 7 ou 8, dans lequel le système de liaison (150) présente :
    (a) au moins deux éléments, lesquels peuvent être coulissés l'un dans l'autre de manière télescopique ; et/ou
    (b) des moyens, lesquels sont mis au point pour guider le système de liaison (150) au moins en partie au travers d'une enveloppe extérieure de la coque d'engin nautique (1a) et le faire entrer au moins en partie à l'intérieur de la coque d'engin nautique (1a).
  10. Dispositif d'assiette selon l'une quelconque des revendications 7 à 9, présentant par ailleurs :
    (a) au moins un système d'avancement (120), lequel est disposé au moins en partie, en particulier en totalité, sous la surface de l'eau (W) ; et
    (b) au moins un système d'entraînement, lequel est mis au point pour soumettre le système d'avancement (120) à l'action d'un couple de rotation.
  11. Dispositif d'assiette selon la revendication 10, dans lequel
    le boîtier (110) présente dans l'extrémité en amont et dans l'extrémité en aval respectivement au moins une ouverture, lesquelles sont reliées entre elles par un canal (130) au moins en partie fermé dans la section transversale de manière perpendiculaire par rapport à la direction d'écoulement (S) ; et dans lequel le système d'avancement (120) est disposé au moins en partie à l'intérieur, en particulier en totalité à l'intérieur, du canal (130).
  12. Dispositif d'assiette selon la revendication 11, dans lequel le canal (130) est réalisé sous la forme d'un tunnel en forme de tube avec une section transversale fermée de manière perpendiculaire par rapport à la direction d'écoulement (S), et/ou le système d'avancement (120) est fermé en totalité par le boîtier (110) dans un plan de manière perpendiculaire par rapport à la direction d'écoulement (S).
  13. Engin nautique (1) présentant au moins un dispositif d'assiette (10, 10', 10") selon l'une quelconque des revendications 7 à 12.
  14. Dispositif de modification de position pour un engin nautique présentant :
    un dispositif d'entraînement (100, 100', 100", 100"') selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5 ; et
    un dispositif d'assiette (10, 10', 10") selon l'une quelconque des revendications 7 à 12.
EP16778344.8A 2015-10-09 2016-10-06 Dispositif de changement de position, en particulier d'un engin nautique Active EP3359444B9 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102015219658.5A DE102015219658A1 (de) 2015-10-09 2015-10-09 Trimmvorrichtung, insbesondere für ein Wasserfahrzeug
DE102015219657.7A DE102015219657A1 (de) 2015-10-09 2015-10-09 Antriebsvorrichtung, insbesondere für ein Wasserfahrzeug
PCT/EP2016/073861 WO2017060341A1 (fr) 2015-10-09 2016-10-06 Dispositif de changement de position, en particulier d'un engin nautique

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3359444A1 EP3359444A1 (fr) 2018-08-15
EP3359444B1 EP3359444B1 (fr) 2020-06-10
EP3359444B9 true EP3359444B9 (fr) 2021-03-24

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DK (1) DK3359444T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2017060341A1 (fr)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102019131106A1 (de) * 2019-11-18 2021-05-20 Jörg Baumeister Schwimmkörper und Verfahren zur Stabilisierung eines Schwimmkörpers

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2714866A (en) 1951-02-19 1955-08-09 Friedrich W Pleuger Device for propelling a ship
JPS5031360B1 (fr) * 1970-10-05 1975-10-09
DE10054148A1 (de) 2000-11-02 2002-05-29 Schottel Gmbh & Co Kg Schiff, insbesondere schnelles Fährschiff mit PoD-Antrieb
DE102004048754A1 (de) 2004-10-05 2006-04-13 Voith Turbo Gmbh & Co. Kg Pod-Schiffsantrieb mit Getriebe
DE102008037677C5 (de) 2008-08-14 2022-10-27 Renk Gmbh POD-Antrieb
DE102009033554A1 (de) 2009-07-16 2011-01-20 Reintjes Gmbh Propellergondel
JP5872255B2 (ja) * 2011-11-08 2016-03-01 ヤマハ発動機株式会社 船舶推進装置
KR101324602B1 (ko) * 2011-11-30 2013-11-01 삼성중공업 주식회사 스러스터 시스템 및 이를 포함하는 선박

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EP3359444B1 (fr) 2020-06-10
WO2017060341A1 (fr) 2017-04-13
EP3359444A1 (fr) 2018-08-15

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