EP3358026B2 - Kugelgraphitgusseisen mit hervorragender gasdefektfestigkeit - Google Patents

Kugelgraphitgusseisen mit hervorragender gasdefektfestigkeit Download PDF

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EP3358026B2
EP3358026B2 EP16850700.2A EP16850700A EP3358026B2 EP 3358026 B2 EP3358026 B2 EP 3358026B2 EP 16850700 A EP16850700 A EP 16850700A EP 3358026 B2 EP3358026 B2 EP 3358026B2
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cast iron
spheroidal graphite
graphite cast
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content
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EP3358026B1 (de
EP3358026A1 (de
EP3358026A4 (de
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Masahide Kawabata
Hideya Yamane
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Proterial Ltd
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Hitachi Metals Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
    • C22C37/10—Cast-iron alloys containing aluminium or silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C1/00—Refining of pig-iron; Cast iron
    • C21C1/10—Making spheroidal graphite cast-iron
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
    • C22C33/08—Making cast-iron alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
    • C22C37/04—Cast-iron alloys containing spheroidal graphite

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a spheroidal graphite cast iron excellent in gas defect resistance.
  • Spheroidal graphite cast iron which has excellent mechanical characteristics and good castability is widely used for various automobile parts and machine parts.
  • main raw materials pig iron, steel scrap, return scrap (casting return material) and the like are used.
  • pig iron for castings was conventionally the main material as the raw material of the spheroidal graphite cast iron; however, in recent years, from the viewpoint of economical use of resources, it has been common to mainly use steel scrap instead of pig iron the price of which has risen.
  • Steel scrap has been more and more heavily used as a raw material of cast iron in general including spheroidal graphite cast iron since it is caused in large amount with the growth of the automobile industry and is supplied inexpensively.
  • the steel scrap caused in the automobile industry is formed of machining scrap for automobile bodies and the like, and in recent years, as the steel material thereof, the ratio of high-tensile steel plates has been increasing.
  • the reason therefor is that for automobile bodies and the like, while weight reduction is required from the viewpoint of environmental preservation by improvement of fuel efficiency, securement of strength and rigidity is also required from the viewpoint of securement of passengers' safety at the time of a collision. For this reason, it is required that automobile bodies and the like attain both weight reduction and strength enhancement/rigidity enhancement, and to respond thereto, high-tensile steel plates containing high levels of Mn, Cr, Mo and the like tend to be used heavily.
  • Some high-tensile steel plates are enhanced in strength by containing N (nitrogen) in addition to Mn, Cr and Mo and undergoing precipitation hardening with a carbonitride or by undergoing nitriding. Some of these high-tensile steel plates contain as much as several hundreds of ppm of N.
  • N nitrogen
  • spheroidal graphite cast iron is manufactured by using, as the raw material, steel scrap inevitably containing a large amount of N like this, there is a possibility that free N contained in the melt into which this raw material is melted increases.
  • free N indicates a nitrogen atom in a free state not constituting an atom constituting a solid phase or a solid solution
  • N indicates nitrogen as an element.
  • the melt (raw melt) formed in the melting process of spheroidal graphite cast iron is deoxidized at the stage of the melting process since it contains Si and Mn, and thereafter, is further thoroughly deoxidized by the Mg added in the spheroidizing processing performed after the raw melt is shifted to a ladle and the Si added in the inoculation processing.
  • the thus deoxidized melt for spheroidal graphite cast iron has the property of readily absorbing or occluding the free N in the atmosphere when the melt is exposed to the atmosphere in the process of tapping from a melting furnace into a ladle or in the process of pouring from the ladle into a mold.
  • Patent Document 1 has a description of a spheroidal graphite cast iron containing, in mass ratio, 2.0 to 4.0% carbon, 0.01 to 0.1% spheroidization promoting element formed of one or more than one of magnesium, calcium and a rare-earth element, 1.0 to 3.0% silicon and not more than 0.02% sulfur with the remnant consisting of iron and inevitable impurities and in which the amount of elements other than cobalt, copper and nickel in the inevitable impurities is made as small as possible so that the absorption energy value in a Charpy impact test at -60 degrees C or -80 degrees C is not less than 14 J/cm 2 on a V notch test piece by doing the following: An alloy having, in mass ratio, 2.0 to 4.0% carbon, 1.0 to 3.0% silicon and not more than 0.02% sulfur with the remnant consisting of iron and a very small amount of inevitable impurities is introduced into
  • Patent Document 1 in melting the raw material, after the melting furnace chamber is evacuated, argon gas is introduced to make the inside of the melting furnace chamber an argon atmosphere and by using a water-cooled highly pure copper crucible and using a cold crucible melting furnace which is an apparatus that simulatively brings the copper crucible and the molten metal into a non-contact state and melts them (levitation melting), the immixture of impurities from the crucible or the gas phase (environment) into the molten metal as in the conventional melting process is prevented and a highly pure material can be produced.
  • Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-169167
  • the manufacturing method thereof is provided by making the inside of the melting furnace chamber the argon atmosphere and using a cold crucible melting furnace which is a special apparatus formed of a water-cooled highly pure copper crucible.
  • the cold crucible melting furnace is generally used for the manufacture of a highly pure material such as the manufacture of a highly pure alloy ingot.
  • the manufacturing method of Patent Document 1 after the raw material is melted in the copper crucible and the spheroidizing agent is added, cooling and solidification of the melt are performed in the copper crucible.
  • the obtained spheroidal graphite cast iron is a massive cast product of a shape copying the shape of the space in the crucible.
  • composition of the spheroidal graphite cast iron of the present invention will be described below in detail.
  • the contents of the elements constituting the alloy are expressed by mass ratios (%) unless otherwise specified.
  • reduction in the gas defect attributable to the free N derived from steel scrap is described as an embodiment of the present invention.
  • C is an element that contributes to the flowability of the melt and the crystallization of graphite.
  • the C content is less than 3.3%, the flowability at the time of casting decreases and the number of graphite grains decreases so that chill (Fe 3 C: cementite) is apt to be formed, which decreases the elongation of the spheroidal graphite cast iron.
  • chill Fe 3 C: cementite
  • the C content exceeds 4%, shrinkage cavity is apt to appear and abnormal graphite is apt to be formed, so that strength decreases.
  • the C content is made 3.3 to 4%.
  • the lower limit of the C content is preferably 3.4%, and is more preferably 3.6%.
  • the upper limit of the C content is preferably 3.9%, and is more preferably 3.8%.
  • Si is necessary for promoting the crystallization of graphite and enhancing the flowability of the melt.
  • the Si content is less than 2%, chill is apt to be formed, so that the machinability and elongation of the spheroidal graphite cast iron decrease.
  • the Si content exceeds 3%, the matrix of the spheroidal graphite cast iron becomes brittle, so that ductility (impact value) and elongation extremely decrease and strength and machinability deteriorate.
  • the Si content is made 2 to 3%.
  • the lower limit of the Si content is preferably 2.1 %, and is more preferably 2.2%.
  • the upper limit of the Si content is preferably 2.9%, and is more preferably 2.8%.
  • P is an element inevitably immixed from the raw material. P inhibits the spheroidization of graphite, and is solid-solved in the matrix to embrittle the structure. For this reason, the P content is made not more than 0.05%. On the other hand, although no lower limit is set, since it is not economical to reduce it, for example, to not more than the detection limit, it is desirable that the lower limit thereof be approximately 0.005%.
  • the upper limit of the P content is preferably 0.03%.
  • S is an element inevitably immixed from the raw material.
  • S is a graphite spheroidization inhibiting element, and the content thereof is made not more than 0.02%.
  • the lower limit thereof be approximately 0.005%.
  • the upper limit of the S content is preferably 0.01%.
  • Mn which is an element inevitably immixed from the raw material, precipitates a pearlite phase as a pearlite phase stabilizing element.
  • the Mn content be not less than 0.2%.
  • the content thereof exceeds 0.8%, the formation of chill is conspicuous, so that the ductility, elongation and machinability of the spheroidal graphite cast iron are deteriorated.
  • the Mn content is made not more than 0.8%.
  • the upper limit of the Mn content is preferably 0.5%.
  • Cu which is a pearlite phase stabilizing element
  • a pearlite phase stabilizing element is an element that is effective when a spheroidal graphite cast iron containing a pearlite phase in the matrix structure and having its strength improved is obtained.
  • the Cu content is not less than 0.1%.
  • the Cu content exceeds 0.8%, the spheroidal graphite cast iron becomes too hard, and graphite spheroidization is inhibited, so that the elongation and ductility of the spheroidal graphite cast iron decrease.
  • the Cu content is set to not more than 0.8%.
  • the upper limit of the Cu content is preferably 0.6%.
  • Mg is an element necessary for graphite spheroidization that is important in improving mechanical characteristics such as the strength and elongation of the spheroidal graphite cast iron, and when the content thereof is less than 0.02%, the effect of graphite spheroidization is insufficient.
  • the Mg content exceeds 0.06%, chill and shrinkage cavity are apt to be formed, so that the machinability and ductility of the spheroidal graphite cast iron decrease. For this reason, the Mg content is made 0.02 to 0.06%.
  • the lower limit of the Mg content is preferably 0.025%, and is more preferably 0.03%.
  • the upper limit of the Mg content is preferably 0.05%, and is more preferably 0.04%.
  • Ti, V and Nb are essential elements that are most important as constituents constituting the spheroidal graphite cast iron of the present invention.
  • the free N contained in the melt of the spheroidal graphite cast iron is considered to be finally released as nitrogen gas without being fixed (1) in the matrix phase, (2) in a nitride or a carbonitride or (3) to the structural elements of the above (1) and (2) and exist as N mainly in these three structural elements in the gas defect formed of the nitrogen gas.
  • the upper limit of the amount of N that can be contained in the matrix phase of (1) is the solid solubility limit of the austenite phase generated in the neighborhood of 1000 degrees C which is the austenitizing temperature.
  • Ti, V and Nb are powerful carbonitride forming elements (hereinafter, the three elements of Ti, V and Nb will sometimes be referred to as carbonitride forming elements), and by these elements being contained in not less than a predetermined amount, a nitride or a carbonitride (hereinafter, these will sometimes be collectively called carbonitride) is formed by a chemical combination with the free N in the melt.
  • the crystallization temperature of the carbonitride formed by the above-mentioned carbonitride forming elements is higher than the crystallization start temperature of the austenite phase (matrix phase), and in the process of the melt being cooled to solidify, the carbonitride is formed earlier than the matrix phase.
  • the free N excessively dissolved in the melt beyond the solid solubility limit of N of the austenite phase is fixed as a carbonitride.
  • the free N exceeding the solid solubility limit of the austenite phase is inhibited from being released as nitrogen gas from inside the melt at the time of solidification, so that the occurrence of the gas defect is prevented.
  • an effect can also be produced in that variation in the mechanical characteristics of the obtained spheroidal graphite cast iron can be reduced by suppressing variation in the amount of N solid-solved in the austenite phase by the fixing of the free N in the melt by the carbonitride forming elements. That is, N is a powerful pearlite phase stabilizing element together with Mn and Cu, and promotes the precipitation of the pearlite phase from the austenite phase.
  • N is a powerful pearlite phase stabilizing element together with Mn and Cu, and promotes the precipitation of the pearlite phase from the austenite phase.
  • the precipitation amount of the pearlite phase can be controlled by adjusting the additive amounts of elements such as Mn and Cu the contents of which can be comparatively easily controlled.
  • the present invention pearlitization by N is suppressed by reducing the amount of N solid-solved in the austenite phase by the fixing of the free N by the carbonitride forming elements as described above.
  • the precipitation amount of the pearlite phase can be stably adjusted by controlling the contents of Mn and Cu, so that variation in the mechanical characteristics of the spheroidal graphite cast iron can be reduced.
  • the contents of Ti, V and Nb be not less than 0.01%, not less than 0.001% and not less than 0.001%, respectively.
  • the contents of Ti, V and Nb exceed 0.04%, 0.01% and 0.01%, respectively, an extremely hard carbide or nitride is formed, so that the machinability and mechanical characteristics (strength and elongation) of the spheroidal graphite cast iron decrease.
  • the Ti content is made 0.01 to 0.04%
  • the V content is made 0.001 to 0.004%
  • the Nb content is made 0.001 to 0.01%.
  • the lower limit of the Ti content is preferably 0.012%, and is more preferably 0.013%.
  • the upper limit of the Ti content is preferably 0.035%, and is more preferably 0.025%.
  • the lower limit of the V content is preferably 0.002%. Moreover, the upper limit of the V content is 0.004%, and is preferably 0.003%.
  • the lower limit of the Nb content is preferably 0.002%, and is more preferably 0.004%.
  • the upper limit of the Nb content is preferably 0.006%, and is more preferably 0.005%.
  • a spheroidal graphite cast iron By the carbonitride forming elements being contained in a predetermined amount as described above and fixing the free N as a carbonitride, a spheroidal graphite cast iron can be obtained that has an excellent gas defect resistance with few gas defects such as pinholes attributable by the free N and further, has mechanical characteristics (strength and elongation) and machinability equal to or greater than the conventional ones by the variation in its mechanical characteristics being reduced and the excessive carbonitride formation being suppressed.
  • one significant feature of the present invention is that Ti, V and Nb are not contained singly but these three elements are contained in combination and the contents thereof are controlled to appropriate amounts.
  • Ti, V and Nb being all contained in the above-mentioned numerical ranges as described above, the total amount of these carbonitride forming elements can be reduced more than when these are contained singly or only two kinds are contained.
  • the total amount of contained carbonitride forming elements can be suppressed compared with when they are contained singly or only two kinds are contained.
  • the amount of carbonitride that affects the mechanical characteristics and machinability is made in an appropriate range while the above-described effect of fixing the free N by the carbonitride formed by the carbonitride forming elements is sufficiently produced, and consequently, a spheroidal graphite cast iron can be obtained where both gas defect resistance, and mechanical characteristics and machinability are obtained.
  • the total amount of contents of Ti, V and Nb in combination can be in a range of 0.012 to 0.06% from the total amount of upper limits and lower limits of the respective elements.
  • the total content of Ti, V and Nb is not less than 0.015%.
  • the total amount of Ti, V and Nb exceeds 0.045%, a tendency to form a hard carbide or nitride increases, so that the deterioration of the machinability and mechanical characteristics (strength and elongation) of the spheroidal graphite cast iron is conspicuous.
  • the total content of Ti, V and Nb is made 0.015 to 0.045%.
  • the lower limit of the total content of Ti, V and Nb is preferably 0.02%.
  • the upper limit of the total content of Ti, V and Nb is preferably 0.03%.
  • N is an element immixed mainly from steel scrap such as a high-tensile steel plate.
  • the melt of the spheroidal graphite cast iron obtained through a melting process with such steel scrap as the raw material contains approximately 0.008 to 0.015% free N.
  • the free N in the melt is fixed to the carbonitride formed by the carbonitride forming elements.
  • the content of N contained in the spheroidal graphite cast iron, together with the N fixed (solid-solved) to the matrix phase is not less than 0.004%.
  • the N content is made not less than 0.004%.
  • the N content exceeds 0.008%, the carbonitride fixing N also increases, so that there is a possibility that the machinability and mechanical characteristics (strength and elongation) of the obtained spheroidal graphite cast iron decrease. For this reason, the N content is made not more than 0.008%. Therefore, the N content is made 0.004 to 0.008%.
  • the upper limit of the N content is preferably 0.007%, and is more preferably 0.006%.
  • the spheroidal graphite cast iron of the present invention to further improve the gas defect resistance and further improve the mechanical characteristics (strength and elongation) and machinability, it is preferable to satisfy the expression (1) with the above-described composition range requirements being satisfied.
  • the element symbols in the expression (1) represent the contents [mass ratio (%)] of the elements in the spheroidal graphite cast iron.
  • Ti, V and Nb which are carbonitride forming elements are united with N in one-to-one correspondence in the number of atoms, if the ratio between the total amount of substance (T) of carbonitride forming elements shown in the following expressions (2) and (3) and the amount of substance (N) of N, that is, the amount of substance ratio (molar ratio) T/N is within a predetermined range, the balance between the carbonitride forming elements and N is appropriate, so that the total content of Ti, V and Nb is one that is necessary and sufficient for the N content.
  • the amount of substance ratio (molar ratio) T/N being within a predetermined range, in the spheroidal graphite cast iron obtained by using a melt with plenty of free N, the formation of excessive carbonitride is also suppressed while N exceeding the solid solubility limit of the austenite phase is fixed as a carbonitride by Ti, V and Nb, so that the gas defect resistance, the mechanical characteristics (strength and elongation) and the machinability are further improved.
  • the amount of substance ratio T/N between the total amount of substance (T) of the carbonitride forming elements and the amount of substance (N) of N, which is straightened up in consideration of the atomic weight, is (0.29Ti+0.27V+0.15Nb)/N in the expression (1).
  • the coefficients by which the carbonitride forming elements are multiplied are coefficients obtained from the ratio between the atomic weightf N and the elements; 0.29 represents the ratio between the atomic weights of N and Ti (14/48), 0.27 represents the ratio between the atomic weights of N and V (14/51), and 0.15 represents the ratio between the atomic weights of N and Nb (14/93).
  • the value of the expression (1) is not less than 0.8, since an appropriate amount of carbonitride forming elements for N is contained, even in a spheroidal graphite cast iron obtained by using a melt with plenty of free N, N exceeding the solid solubility limit of the austenite phase is fixed neither too much nor too little by the carbonitride forming elements, so that sufficient gas defect resistance is obtained.
  • the value of the expression (1) is not more than 2.0, the formation of a carbonitride is suppressed to the minimum, so that the mechanical characteristics (strength and elongation) and machinability improve.
  • the value of (0.29Ti+0.27V+0.15Nb)/N be in a range of 0.8 to 2.0.
  • the value of the expression (1) is 1, that is, the value of the expression (1) is 1, N is formed as a carbonitride neither too much nor too little and there is no solid-solving of N into the austenite phase; however, when in consideration of the yield of formation of the carbonitride, the promotion of precipitation of the pearlite phase by appropriate solid-solving of N into the austenite phase, and the point that two free Ns (atoms) are necessary for molecularization as nitrogen gas, in actuality, a range of 0.8 to 2.0 is suitable.
  • the value of the left side of the expression (1) is more preferably 1.0, and is most preferably 1.2.
  • the tensile strength be not less than 600 MPa and the elongation be not less than 12%.
  • the spheroidal graphite cast iron having mechanical characteristics where the tensile strength is not less than 600 MPa and the elongation is not less than 12% is suitable for use for constructional members and the like similarly to the conventional spheroidal graphite cast iron since it has mechanical characteristics equal to or greater than the conventional ones.
  • the tensile strength is more preferably not less than 610 MPa, and is most preferably not less than 620 Pa.
  • the elongation is more preferably not less than 13%, and is most preferably not less than 14%.
  • the additive amounts of elements such as Mn and Cu the contents of which are comparatively easily controlled, and specifically, it is preferable that the Mn content be 0.2 to 0.5% and the Cu content be 0.2 to 0.6%.
  • a melt was formed by melting pig iron, steel scrap and return scrap of spheroidal graphite cast iron as the raw material in a high frequency melting furnace with a capacity of 100 kg and adding a recarburizing agent and Fe-Ti, Fe-V, Fe-Nb and Fe-Si alloys for ingredient adjustment.
  • the steel scrap was a high-tensile steel plate with an N content of 0.05%, and of the compounded amount ratio 100% of the raw material which was the total of the pig iron, the steel scrap and the return scrap, the compounded amount ratio of the steel scrap was 40% in first to sixteenth Examples 1 to 16 and Comparative examples 1 to 11 described later, and was 0% in the Reference example where they were not compounded.
  • This melt was tapped at approximately 1500 degrees C into a ladle where an Fe-Si-Mg alloy and a cover member made of steel scrap covering this were placed as a graphite spheroidizing agent, and spheroidizing processing by a sandwiching method was performed.
  • the amount of N (free N) contained in the melt having undergone the spheroidizing processing was in a range of 0.005 to 0.009% in all the Examples and Comparative examples described below, and was 0.003% in the Reference example.
  • the melt having undergone the spheroidizing processing was poured into a sand mold at approximately 1400 degrees C, and was cast into a plurality of one-inch Y blocks, a mold for a flat test piece for a gas defect area ratio evaluation described later and a mold for a cylindrical test piece for a machinability evaluation.
  • Fe-Si alloy powder was added to the flow of the melt to perform inoculation.
  • spheroidal graphite cast irons having the compositions shown in Table 1 were obtained.
  • the Examples 1, 4, 6-11 are spheroidal graphite cast irons within the composition range defined by the present invention
  • Examples 2, 3, 5, 12-16 are reference examples and the Comparative examples 1 to 11 (Com.1 to Com.11) and the Reference example (Ref.) are spheroidal graphite cast irons outside the composition range defined by the present invention.
  • the Comparative example 1 and the Comparative examples 7 to 11 are spheroidal graphite cast irons where the content of one or more than one element of Ti, V, Nb and N is too large
  • the Comparative examples 2 to 6 and the Reference example are spheroidal graphite cast irons where the content of one or more than one element of Ti, V, Nb and N is too small.
  • the compositions of the obtained spheroidal graphite cast irons were checked by a glow-discharge mass spectrometer (manufactured by VG, the trade name: VG9000, hereinafter, referred to merely as GDMS).
  • the GDMS cannot measure, of the N existing in the above-described structural elements, the N contained in the gas defect of (3).
  • the amount (mass ratio) of N shown in Table 1 is the amount of N solid-solved in the matrix phase of (1) and N fixed to the carbonitride of (2).
  • Table 1 Composition (mass ratio (%)) (1) No. C Si P S Mn Cu Mg Ti V Nb N Ex.1 3.55 2.45 0.018 0.010 0.35 0.41 0.035 0.015 0.002 0.005 0.004 Ex.2 3.65 2.35 0.021 0.009 0.42 0.37 0.034 0.035 0.006 0.002 0.007 Ex.3 3.66 2.38 0.025 0.008 0.44 0.38 0.036 0.040 0.009 0.010 0.008 Ex.4 3.56 2.41 0.028 0.009 0.41 0.39 0.038 0.037 0.004 0.002 0.006 Ex.5 3.68 2.40 0.022 0.007 0.38 0.41 0.036 0.037 0.005 0.007 0.007 Ex.6 3.57 2.39 0.019 0.008 0.45 0.40 0.039 0.025
  • Test pieces were cut from samples of the spheroidal graphite cast irons obtained by the above-described casting, and the following evaluations were performed.
  • FIGS. 1A and 1B are schematic views of the flat test pieces for measuring the gas defect, FIG. 1A is a plan view, and FIG. 1B is a side view. These flat test pieces 10 were 60 mm in width, 150 mm in length and 10 to 15 mm in thickness.
  • the flat test pieces 10 were each obtained by doing as follows: After the melts same as the one-inch Y blocks were each poured from the sprue at not less than 1400 degrees C into a sand mold defining a cavity formed of the flat test piece 10, a riser 11 with a diameter of 45 mm and a height of 60 mm, the sprue (not shown), a runner 12a with a width of 35 mm and a thickness of 3 mm and an ingate 12b with a width of 40 mm and a thickness of 9 mm, cooling and shake-out were performed, the riser 11 was cut to be separated, and shot blast processing was performed.
  • the tool life improvement rates of the Examples 1, 4, 6-11 within the composition range of the present invention were all in a range of 1.0 to 1. 4 times. From the results of the Examples 1, 4, 6-11 it is apparent that the spheroidal graphite cast iron of the present invention has machinability equal to or greater than the conventional one. On the other hand, the tool life improvement rates of the Comparative example 1 and the Comparative examples 7 to 11 where the content of one or more than one element of Ti, V, Nb and N was too large were all less than 1.0 time, and machinability was poor.
  • the tool life improvement rate is preferably not less than 1.1 times, is more preferably not less than 1.2 times, and is most preferably 1.3 times.
  • a test piece of 14A of JIS Z 2201 was made from a one-inch Y block, a tensile test was performed at room temperature by an Amsler tensile testing machine (AG-IS250kN manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation) according to JIS Z 2241, and the tensile strength, the 0.2% yield strength and the elongation were measured. The results are shown in Table 2.
  • the tensile strength was not less than 600 MPa, the 0.2% yield strength was not less than 350 MPa and the elongation was not less than 12%, and it was confirmed that all had mechanical characteristics equal to or greater than the conventional ones shown in the Reference example (Ref.).
  • the tensile strength was as low as less than 600 MPa, and in all of the Comparative example 1 and the Comparative examples 7 to 11 where the content of one or more than one element of Ti, V, Nb and N was too large, the elongation was as low as less than 12%.
  • the spheroidal graphite cast iron of the present invention was a spheroidal graphite cast iron having mechanical characteristics and machinability equal to or greater than the conventional ones and further, having excellent gas effect resistance at the same time.

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Claims (7)

  1. Gusseisen mit Kugelgraphit (10) mit hervorragender Gasfehlerbeständigkeit, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es im Massenverhältnis aus Folgendem besteht:
    C: 3,3 bis 4%;
    Si: 2 bis 3%;
    P: nicht mehr als 0,05%;
    S: nicht mehr als 0,02%;
    Mn: nicht mehr als 0,8 %;
    Cu: nicht mehr als 0,8 % und nicht weniger als 0,1 %;
    Mg: 0,02 bis 0,06 %;
    Ti: 0,01 bis 0,04 %;
    V: 0,001 bis 0,004 %;
    Nb: 0,001 bis 0,01 %, wobei der Gesamtgehalt an Ti, V und Nb in dem Bereich von 0,015 bis 0,045 % liegt; und
    N: 0,004 bis 0,008 %,
    wobei der Rest aus Fe und einer unvermeidlichen Verunreinigung besteht.
  2. Gusseisen mit Kugelgraphit nach Anspruch 1,
    wobei das Gusseisen mit Kugelgraphit Ti, V, Nb und N so enthält, dass der folgende Ausdruck (1) erfüllt ist: 0,8 : ≤ 0,29 Ti + 0,27 V + 0,15 Nb / N ≤ 2,0
    Figure imgb0005
    dabei stellen die Elementsymbole im Ausdruck (1) die Gehalte im Massenverhältnis % der Elemente im Gusseisen mit Kugelgraphit dar.
  3. Gusseisen mit Kugelgraphit nach Anspruch 1 oder 2,
    wobei das Gusseisen mit Kugelgraphit im Massenverhältnis nicht weniger als 0,005 % P und nicht weniger als 0,005 % S enthält.
  4. Gusseisen mit Kugelgraphit nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3,
    wobei das Gusseisen mit Kugelgraphit im Massenverhältnis nicht weniger als 0,2 % Mn und nicht weniger als 0,1 % Cu enthält.
  5. Gusseisen mit Kugelgraphit nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4,
    wobei das Gusseisen mit Kugelgraphit eine Zugfestigkeit von nicht weniger als 600 MPa und eine Dehnung von nicht weniger als 12 % aufweist, die in Übereinstimmung mit der Norm JIS Z 2241 gemessen werden.
  6. Gusseisen mit Kugelgraphit nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5,
    wobei ein Gasfehler-Flächenverhältnis des Gusseisens mit Kugelgraphit nicht mehr als 11% beträgt, und zwar gemessen wie in der Beschreibung definiert.
  7. Gusseisen mit Kugelgraphit nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6,
    wobei eine Standzeitverbesserungsrate des Gusseisens mit Kugelgraphit nicht weniger als das 1,0-Fache beträgt, und zwar gemessen wie in der Beschreibung definiert.
EP16850700.2A 2015-09-30 2016-02-29 Kugelgraphitgusseisen mit hervorragender gasdefektfestigkeit Active EP3358026B2 (de)

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