EP3357157B1 - Swivel and fanning drive for solar panels - Google Patents

Swivel and fanning drive for solar panels Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3357157B1
EP3357157B1 EP16793730.9A EP16793730A EP3357157B1 EP 3357157 B1 EP3357157 B1 EP 3357157B1 EP 16793730 A EP16793730 A EP 16793730A EP 3357157 B1 EP3357157 B1 EP 3357157B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
swivel plate
fanning
pivot
rotary table
drive according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP16793730.9A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3357157A1 (en
Inventor
Elmar STÖGER
Alexander Swatek
Gerald Zach
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SFS Acquisition LLC
Original Assignee
SFS Acquisition LLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by SFS Acquisition LLC filed Critical SFS Acquisition LLC
Priority to EP20164837.5A priority Critical patent/EP3691116A1/en
Priority to EP20164842.5A priority patent/EP3691118A1/en
Priority to EP20164840.9A priority patent/EP3716471A1/en
Priority to EP20164839.1A priority patent/EP3691117A1/en
Publication of EP3357157A1 publication Critical patent/EP3357157A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3357157B1 publication Critical patent/EP3357157B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S20/00—Supporting structures for PV modules
    • H02S20/30—Supporting structures being movable or adjustable, e.g. for angle adjustment
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16M—FRAMES, CASINGS OR BEDS OF ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS, NOT SPECIFIC TO ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; STANDS; SUPPORTS
    • F16M11/00—Stands or trestles as supports for apparatus or articles placed thereon ; Stands for scientific apparatus such as gravitational force meters
    • F16M11/02—Heads
    • F16M11/04—Means for attachment of apparatus; Means allowing adjustment of the apparatus relatively to the stand
    • F16M11/06—Means for attachment of apparatus; Means allowing adjustment of the apparatus relatively to the stand allowing pivoting
    • F16M11/12—Means for attachment of apparatus; Means allowing adjustment of the apparatus relatively to the stand allowing pivoting in more than one direction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16M—FRAMES, CASINGS OR BEDS OF ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS, NOT SPECIFIC TO ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; STANDS; SUPPORTS
    • F16M13/00—Other supports for positioning apparatus or articles; Means for steadying hand-held apparatus or articles
    • F16M13/02—Other supports for positioning apparatus or articles; Means for steadying hand-held apparatus or articles for supporting on, or attaching to, an object, e.g. tree, gate, window-frame, cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S30/00—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules
    • F24S30/40—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules for rotary movement
    • F24S30/45—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules for rotary movement with two rotation axes
    • F24S30/452—Vertical primary axis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S30/00—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules
    • F24S30/40—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules for rotary movement
    • F24S30/48—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules for rotary movement with three or more rotation axes or with multiple degrees of freedom
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/10—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters
    • H02K7/116—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters with gears
    • H02K7/1163—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters with gears where at least two gears have non-parallel axes without having orbital motion
    • H02K7/1166—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters with gears where at least two gears have non-parallel axes without having orbital motion comprising worm and worm-wheel
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S20/00—Supporting structures for PV modules
    • H02S20/30—Supporting structures being movable or adjustable, e.g. for angle adjustment
    • H02S20/32—Supporting structures being movable or adjustable, e.g. for angle adjustment specially adapted for solar tracking
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S30/00—Structural details of PV modules other than those related to light conversion
    • H02S30/20—Collapsible or foldable PV modules
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S20/00—Solar heat collectors specially adapted for particular uses or environments
    • F24S20/50—Rollable or foldable solar heat collector modules
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S30/00—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules
    • F24S2030/10—Special components
    • F24S2030/11—Driving means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S30/00—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules
    • F24S2030/10—Special components
    • F24S2030/13—Transmissions
    • F24S2030/134—Transmissions in the form of gearings or rack-and-pinion transmissions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S30/00—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules
    • F24S2030/10—Special components
    • F24S2030/19—Movement dampening means; Braking means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/1235—Collapsible supports; Means for erecting a rigid antenna
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/125—Means for positioning
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S10/00—PV power plants; Combinations of PV energy systems with other systems for the generation of electric power
    • H02S10/40—Mobile PV generator systems
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/47—Mountings or tracking
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a swivel and fan drive for solar panels, with a base support, a turntable which is pivotally mounted on the base support about a substantially vertical first axis, a pivot plate which is pivotally mounted on the turntable about a substantially horizontal second axis is, and a fan shaft, which is pivotally mounted on the pivot plate about a third axis and on which the solar panels can be stored and fanned out about the third axis.
  • Solar panels which can be fanned out by means of such a drive and track the position of the sun, are for example from the AT 509.886 B1 , AT 512.680 B1 and AT 513.875 B1 known to the same applicant.
  • the solar panels can be fanned out into a fanned-out operating position and vice versa by rotating the fan shaft on which they are mounted, from a protected position in which they are essentially stacked one above the other.
  • the top (or bottom) solar panel of the stack is non-rotatably connected to the fan shaft, while the remaining solar panels on the fan shaft are rotatable, and tows the next solar panel - and this, in turn, the next solar panel, etc., etc. - when opening. and simplify with.
  • the solar panels In the fanned-out operating position, the solar panels can be aligned to the sun by pivoting the turntable and the swivel plate in azimuth and elevation angles.
  • the invention aims to provide a swivel and fan drive for solar panels of this type, which is of simpler construction, is more space-saving and less susceptible to faults than the known constructions.
  • a swivel and fan drive of the type mentioned in the introduction which is characterized according to the invention in that the turntable has an end of the The swivel plate is mounted around said second axis and at a distance from it is mounted at least one crank, which is coupled to the other end of the swivel plate via a connecting rod to form a crank swing gear, the fan shaft being connected via a coupling of the swivel plate or its drive or via a coupling from Turntable or its drive can be driven.
  • crank swing gear from a turntable, swivel plate, crank and connecting rod leads to a very compact, space-saving construction, in which the swivel plate is in a rest position, e.g. for protection purposes, can be pivoted in which it can lie essentially parallel to and above the turntable.
  • the swivel plate can be swiveled into an approximately vertical end position, in which crank and connecting rod are preferably essentially stretched. This causes forces, e.g. as a result of impacts on the fan head, on the axle bearings and not on more sensitive gear parts on the crank axle.
  • crank and connecting rod to build up the swivel gear for the swivel plate, which simplifies production.
  • the use of a crank swing gear for the swivel plate also leads to an extremely trouble-free operation, since the crank remains fully rotatable and thus an accidental overturning of an engine driving it cannot lead to any blocking or damage to the engine or mechanism.
  • one of the two other drives is also used: by optionally coupling the fan shaft with the turntable or its drive or with the swivel plate or its drive, the solar panels can be fanned and fanned in during the azimuth rotation of the turntable or pivoting the swivel plate in elevation. After the desired fanning or fanning out of the solar panels, the coupling is released again, and the drives of the turntable and the Swivel plate can again only be used for azimuth and elevation adjustment.
  • the bearing axis of the crank on the turntable is preferably lower than the second axis, which can be used, with appropriate dimensioning of the crank, connecting rod and effective joint spacing of the turntable and swivel plate, for example to move the swivel plate from a horizontal rest position to any inclined position to an upright end position pivot so that it can follow the position of the sun.
  • the turntable has two towering bearing arms, between which said one end of the swivel plate is mounted.
  • two cranks, each with a connecting rod, can preferably be provided, between which the other end of the swivel plate is mounted.
  • cranks can be seated on a common shaft which is mounted in bearing plates of the turntable, so that only one drive is required for both cranks.
  • the turntable - if appropriate with bearing arms and bearing brackets, if present - can be manufactured in one piece, preferably as a cast part, which considerably simplifies the final assembly of the drive in production.
  • the pan and fan drive of the invention can be operated manually. However, it is preferably designed for engine operation, etc. for a fully automatic tracking of the sun's position of the solar panels as well as their fully automatic fanning and unfolding, for example to spend them in a sheltered, sheltered position at night or in wind and rain.
  • the pivoting movements about the three axes mentioned can be accomplished by means of any drives known in the art, for example hydraulic or pneumatic Drives or electric servomotors, e.g. slow-rotating or gear-reduced electric motors or stepper motors.
  • the gearboxes known in the art for example planetary gearboxes, can also be used as angle gearboxes, for example planetary deflection gearboxes.
  • electric motors with reducing worm gears are used, i.e. the crank (s) are preferably driven via a first worm gear by a first electric motor mounted on the turntable; and / or the turntable via a second worm gear from a second electric motor mounted on the base carrier.
  • the turntable drive is also used to drive the fan shaft, i.e. the fan shaft can be driven via a coupling from the turntable or its drive, and at the same time the coupling is automatically actuated by pivoting the swivel plate.
  • the coupling can be closed in a rest position of the swivel plate and opened in a different swivel position of the swivel plate.
  • the rest position of the swivel plate is its horizontal position, parallel above and congruent to the turntable, in which the clutch closes.
  • the turntable drive can now be used to fan out the solar panels, whereupon their elevation is aligned with the sun by means of the swivel drive, which releases the coupling and makes the turntable drive usable again exclusively for azimuth adjustment.
  • An advantageous practical embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the coupling is formed by a pinion driven by the turntable via a gear shaft and a toothed ring seated on the fan shaft, which meshes with the pinion when the pivoting plate is swung into the rest position and when it swings out Swivel plate disengages from the rest position.
  • This results in an automatic Coupling and uncoupling of the coupling between the turntable drive and the fan shaft when pivoting the swivel plate.
  • the fan shaft can be selectively rotationally fixed relative to the swivel plate by means of a further coupling.
  • This further coupling can also be actuated automatically during the pivoting movement of the pivoting plate, and in particular the further coupling is opened in the rest position of the pivoting plate and closed in a pivoting position of the pivoting plate which deviates therefrom.
  • the further coupling can be a brake disk that is rotatable with the fan shaft and resiliently preloaded against a braking surface of the swivel plate, which can be distanced from an actuating element of the turntable when the swivel plate is swiveled into the rest position from the braking surface, which is automatic and not susceptible to faults Allows actuation of the second clutch.
  • the further coupling is a brake pinion which is spring-loaded but axially movable on the swivel plate, which has brake teeth for meshing engagement with the ring gear and can be pressed against the spring loading against the spring action from the meshing engagement when the swivel plate is pivoted .
  • the invention is explained in more detail below with reference to exemplary embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings.
  • Show in the drawings the 1 and 2 a solar module with fan-out solar panels in two different operating positions, each in a schematic perspective view obliquely from above; the 3 and 4 a pan and fan drive according to the invention for the solar module 1 and 2 in two different operating positions, etc. once in a perspective view from diagonally above ( Fig. 3 ) and once in an oblique perspective view from below ( Fig. 4 ); the 5 to 7 the swivel and fan drive the 3 and 4 in a side view ( Fig. 5 ), a top view ( Fig. 6 ) and a rear view ( Fig. 7 ); and the 8 to 11 two variants of an alternative embodiment of the swivel and fan drive 3 to 7 each in two different operating positions on average.
  • a solar module 1 is shown with a plurality of lamellar solar panels 2, which are mounted on an anchoring 4 such that they can be pivoted and fanned out via a swivel and fan drive 3.
  • the solar panels 2 can thus from a first, in Fig. 1 shown fanned-in position, in which they lie essentially congruent in a stack, in a second, in Fig. 2 shown fanned position, in which they are fanned out around a common fanning axis 5 and are thus essentially next to each other, are spent and vice versa.
  • the fan axis 5 can be adjusted in azimuth about a first, essentially vertical axis 6 and in elevation about a second, essentially horizontal axis 7 in order to align the fanned out solar panels 2 with the sun and the latter track.
  • the anchoring 4 can be of any type, for example a stand or tripod as shown, but also a part of the building, a floor anchoring, a ship part, a vehicle, a container or the like.
  • the solar panels 2 have approximately the shape of a circular sector, preferably with rounded corners ("petal shape") as shown, and complement one another in their fanned out position ( Fig. 2 ) prefers - if not necessarily - to a full circle.
  • twelve solar panels 2 are provided, the circle sector angle of which is approximately 30 ° in each case, the fan-out or pivoting angle of a solar panel 2 relative to its adjacent solar panel 2 is accordingly about 30 °.
  • Each solar panel 2 has a flat array of photovoltaic cells 8, e.g. in crystalline or organic form or in thin-film technology.
  • the electrical connections and interconnections of the solar panels 2 and solar cells 8 are not shown for the sake of clarity; For example, the solar panels 2 are contacted via flexible connecting cables or sliding contacts and rigid contact rings on the anchoring 4 or the swivel and fan drive 3 and connected to the further energy transmission electronics.
  • the 3 to 9 show the swivel and fan drive 3 for the solar panels 2 in detail.
  • the swivel and fan drive 3 comprises a base support 9, here in the form of an annular flange, which can be screwed onto the upper end of the anchoring 4, for example, via bores 10.
  • a turntable 12 is at least pivoted, preferably fully rotatable, about the axis 6 via a ball bearing 11.
  • the turntable 12 has at its one end 13 two bearing arms 14 which project obliquely upwards and are spaced apart from one another, between which the one end 15 of a pivot plate 16 is pivotally mounted about the axis 7.
  • the swivel plate 16 could also be pivotally mounted on the turntable 12 in another way, for example with the aid of a hinge.
  • the terms "turntable” and “swivel plate” do not literally refer to a plate or plate shape, but to its function, i.e. the turntable 12 could also have a shape other than a plate, for example in the form of a hub, a shaft connector, a block, etc .; and the pivot plate 16 could also have a shape other than a plate shape, e.g. a hub, a socket, a block or an arbitrarily shaped carrier.
  • the solar panels 2 can be moved from the constricted position ( Fig. 1 ) in the fanned out position ( Fig. 2 ) and vice versa.
  • the top (or bottom) solar panel 2 of the stack Fig.
  • each solar panel 2 (with the exception of the lowest solar panel 2) is optionally equipped on its rear with a sweeping lip, which turns away the solar panel 2 underneath when fanning out.
  • the sweeping lip can be, for example, a rubber lip or a brush lip and at the same time form the drag bar.
  • the pivoting of the swivel plate 16 relative to the turntable 12 is carried out with the aid of at least one (here: two) cranks 20, which are seated on a common shaft 21, which are mounted in bearing plates 22 of the turntable 12, so that the axis 21 'of the Shaft 21 is parallel to and at a distance from the pivot axis 7 of the pivot plate 16.
  • the bearing brackets 22 can be formed by the foot regions of the bearing arms 14 or separately therefrom.
  • cranks 20 are each at their ends facing away from the shaft 21 via a connecting rod 23 with the end 15 opposite other end 24 of the pivot plate 16 coupled to a pivot axis 25.
  • the four parts turntable 12, swivel plate 16, cranks 20 and connecting rods 23 form a four-link coupling gear, etc. more precisely a crank swing gear, the "crank” of the cranks 20, the “rocker” the swivel plate 16, the “frame” of the turntable 2 and the “coupling member” the connecting rods 23.
  • the frame length between the shaft axis 21 'and the pivot axis 7, the rocker arm length between the pivot axis 7 and the articulation axis 25, and the effective lengths of the crank 20 and connecting rod 23 determine the kinematics of the crank rocker mechanism, as is known in the art.
  • swivel plate 16 swivels approximately 90 ° from an approximately horizontal rest position ( Fig. 3 ) in an approximately vertical end position ( Fig. 4 ) and back when the cranks 20 make a full revolution.
  • the shaft axis 21 'of the cranks 20 lies obliquely below the pivot axis 7, so that in the rest position ( Fig. 3 )
  • the pivot plate 16 is approximately parallel to and above the turntable 12 when the cranks 20 and connecting rods 23 are in their maximally shortened position. This results in a very small space requirement in the rest position, see Fig. 3 .
  • the cranks 20 and connecting rods 23 are in their maximally extended position.
  • the movements of the swivel and fan drive 3 about one or more of the axes 5, 6, 7 can be carried out manually in the simplest case. However, the movements about one or more of the axes 5, 6, 7 are preferably accomplished by appropriate drives, for example hydraulic or pneumatic cylinders, servomotors, stepping motors or the like. In the 3 to 7 A first embodiment is shown, in which a gear-reduced electric drive is provided for each of the three movements.
  • a first electric motor 26 with a flanged angular gear 27 is mounted on the turntable 12, which drives one of the cranks 20 or the shaft 21 thereof via a first worm gear 28.
  • the first worm gear 28 comprises, for example, a worm driven by the electric motor 26 via the angular gear 27, which engages in a worm wheel seated on a crank 20 or the shaft 21.
  • a second electric motor 29 with a flanged angular gear 30 is mounted on the base support 9 and drives the turntable 12 via a second worm gear 31, which has, for example, a worm engaging in a worm wheel of the turntable 12.
  • a third electric motor 32 with a flanged angular gear 33 is mounted on the swivel plate 16 and drives the fan shaft 18 via a third worm gear 34, for example again with the aid of a worm which engages in a worm wheel connected to the fan shaft 18.
  • worm gears instead of one or more of the worm gears, suitable other gears, e.g. Helical, planetary or angular gear, such as bevel gear, crown gear or planetary deflection gear, etc. with one or more gear stages, can be used.
  • suitable other gears e.g. Helical, planetary or angular gear, such as bevel gear, crown gear or planetary deflection gear, etc. with one or more gear stages, can be used.
  • a gear shaft 35 with an approximately vertical axis of rotation is mounted in bearings 36, 37 on the turntable 12 and / or one of its bearing plates 22.
  • the gear shaft 35 has at its lower end a pinion 38 which meshes with a ring gear 39 which is formed on the outer circumference of a flange 40 of the base support 9.
  • the gear shaft 35 carries a further pinion 41, which in the swiveled down position of the swivel plate 16 ( Fig. 8 or 10) comes into engagement with a ring gear 42 which is formed on the outer circumference of the fan shaft 18.
  • the second electric motor 29 thus drives both the turntable 12 and - via the engagement of pinion 41 and ring gear 42 - the fan shaft 18, so that during the rotation about the axis 6, the solar panels 2 open about the axis 5 at the same time. or fanned out.
  • the pinion 41 and the ring gear 42 thus form a coupling between the turntable 12 or its drive and the fan shaft 18, which in the in the Fig. 8 and 10th shown rest position of the pivot plate 16 is closed.
  • the clutch opens, see the Fig. 9 and 11, ie pinion 41 and ring gear 42 come out of engagement, so that the electric motor 29 can again be used exclusively for the rotary drive about the axis 6, ie the azimuth adjustment of the solar panels 2.
  • the stacked solar panels 2 can be swiveled down by rotation about the swivel axis 7 in the constricted position, so that they are the in Fig. 1 assume the shown protective position against wind and weather.
  • the first electric motor 26 for the swivel plate drive can also be used for optionally driving the fan shaft 18, in which case a similar coupling between the swivel plate 16 or its drive 26 and the fan shaft 18 is provided.
  • the further coupling comprises 8 and 9 a brake disk 45 connected to the fan shaft 18 in a rotationally fixed manner and biased against a braking surface 43 of the swivel plate 16 by means of a spring 44.
  • any other type of clutch can also be used which enables the temporary fixing of the fan shaft 18 shown.
  • the braking function of the further clutch alternatively by a brake pinion 47 or the like. can be achieved with brake teeth 48, which in the position of Fig. 10 approximately in alignment with the gear shaft 35 on the swivel plate 16 rotatably, but axially movable, ie in the representation of Fig. 10 vertically movable, is supported by a spring 49 loaded down.
  • this brake pinion 47 with its brake teeth 48 is pressed spring-loaded into meshing engagement with the ring gear 42 in order to fix it in rotation.
  • the rest position of the swivel plate 16 it is from the gear shaft 35 against its spring action pushed out of the meshing engagement and thus releases the ring gear 42.
  • clutches 41, 42 and 43-49 could also be actuated manually or by means of electrical actuators, which e.g. can also be controlled by electronics that control the electric motors 26 and 29 accordingly.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)
  • Specific Sealing Or Ventilating Devices For Doors And Windows (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft einen Schwenk- und Fächerantrieb für Solarpaneele, mit einem Grundträger, einem Drehteller, der auf dem Grundträger um eine im wesentlichen vertikale erste Achse schwenkbar gelagert ist, einer Schwenkplatte, die auf dem Drehteller um eine im wesentlichen horizontale zweite Achse schwenkbar gelagert ist, und einer Fächerwelle, die auf der Schwenkplatte um eine dritte Achse schwenkbar gelagert ist und auf der die Solarpaneele um die genannte dritte Achse ein- und auffächerbar lagerbar sind.The present invention relates to a swivel and fan drive for solar panels, with a base support, a turntable which is pivotally mounted on the base support about a substantially vertical first axis, a pivot plate which is pivotally mounted on the turntable about a substantially horizontal second axis is, and a fan shaft, which is pivotally mounted on the pivot plate about a third axis and on which the solar panels can be stored and fanned out about the third axis.

Solarpaneele, die mittels eines derartigen Antriebs auffächerbar und dem Sonnenstand nachführbar sind, sind beispielsweise aus der AT 509.886 B1 , AT 512.680 B1 und AT 513.875 B1 derselben Anmelderin bekannt. Die Solarpaneele können dabei durch Verdrehen der Fächerwelle, auf der sie gelagert sind, von einer geschützten Stellung, in der sie im wesentlichen deckungsgleich gestapelt übereinanderliegen, in eine aufgefächerte Betriebsstellung aufgefächert werden und umgekehrt. Dazu ist das oberste (oder unterste) Solarpaneel des Stapels drehfest mit der Fächerwelle verbunden, während die restlichen Solarpaneele auf der Fächerwelle drehbeweglich sind, und schleppt über Mitnehmer das jeweils nächste Solarpaneel - und dieses wiederum das nächste Solarpaneel usw. usf. - beim Auf- und Einfächern mit. In der aufgefächerten Betriebsstellung können die Solarpaneele durch Verschwenken des Drehtellers und der Schwenkplatte in Azimut- und Elevationswinkel auf die Sonne ausgerichtet werden.Solar panels, which can be fanned out by means of such a drive and track the position of the sun, are for example from the AT 509.886 B1 , AT 512.680 B1 and AT 513.875 B1 known to the same applicant. The solar panels can be fanned out into a fanned-out operating position and vice versa by rotating the fan shaft on which they are mounted, from a protected position in which they are essentially stacked one above the other. For this purpose, the top (or bottom) solar panel of the stack is non-rotatably connected to the fan shaft, while the remaining solar panels on the fan shaft are rotatable, and tows the next solar panel - and this, in turn, the next solar panel, etc., etc. - when opening. and simplify with. In the fanned-out operating position, the solar panels can be aligned to the sun by pivoting the turntable and the swivel plate in azimuth and elevation angles.

Die Erfindung setzt sich zum Ziel, einen Schwenk- und Fächerantrieb für derartige Solarpaneele zu schaffen, welcher einfacher aufgebaut, platzsparender und störungsunanfälliger ist als die bekannten Konstruktionen.The invention aims to provide a swivel and fan drive for solar panels of this type, which is of simpler construction, is more space-saving and less susceptible to faults than the known constructions.

Dieses Ziel wird mit einem Schwenk- und Fächerantrieb der einleitend genannten Art erreicht, welcher sich gemäß der Erfindung dadurch auszeichnet, dass der Drehteller ein Ende der Schwenkplatte um die genannte zweite Achse lagert und in einem Abstand dazu zumindest eine Kurbel lagert, welche über ein Pleuel mit dem anderen Ende der Schwenkplatte zur Bildung eines Kurbelschwingengetriebes gekoppelt ist, wobei die Fächerwelle über eine Kupplung von Schwenkplatte oder deren Antrieb oder über eine Kupplung vom Drehteller oder dessen Antrieb antreibbar ist.This goal is achieved with a swivel and fan drive of the type mentioned in the introduction, which is characterized according to the invention in that the turntable has an end of the The swivel plate is mounted around said second axis and at a distance from it is mounted at least one crank, which is coupled to the other end of the swivel plate via a connecting rod to form a crank swing gear, the fan shaft being connected via a coupling of the swivel plate or its drive or via a coupling from Turntable or its drive can be driven.

Der Aufbau eines Kurbelschwingengetriebes aus Drehteller, Schwenkplatte, Kurbel und Pleuel führt zu einer sehr kompakten, platzsparenden Konstruktion, bei welcher die Schwenkplatte in eine Ruhestellung, z.B. zu Schutzzwecken, eingeschwenkt werden kann, in der sie im wesentlichen parallel zu und über dem Drehteller liegen kann. Zu Transportzwecken kann die Schwenkplatte in eine etwa vertikale Endstellung ausgeschwenkt werden, in welcher Kurbel und Pleuel bevorzugt im wesentlichen gestreckt sind. Dadurch wirken Kräfte, z.B. infolge von auf den Fächerkopf einwirkenden Stöße, auf die Achslager und nicht auf empfindlichere Getriebeteile an der Kurbelachse. Gleichzeitig benötigt dies nur sehr wenige Teile, nämlich Kurbel und Pleuel, um das Schwenkgetriebe für die Schwenkplatte aufzubauen, was die Fertigung vereinfacht. Die Verwendung eines Kurbelschwingengetriebes für die Schwenkplatte führt auch zu einem überaus störungsunanfälligen Betrieb, da die Kurbel voll drehfähig bleibt und somit ein versehentliches Überdrehen eines sie antreibenden Motors zu keinerlei Blockierung oder Beschädigung des Motors oder Mechanismus führen kann.The construction of a crank swing gear from a turntable, swivel plate, crank and connecting rod leads to a very compact, space-saving construction, in which the swivel plate is in a rest position, e.g. for protection purposes, can be pivoted in which it can lie essentially parallel to and above the turntable. For transport purposes, the swivel plate can be swiveled into an approximately vertical end position, in which crank and connecting rod are preferably essentially stretched. This causes forces, e.g. as a result of impacts on the fan head, on the axle bearings and not on more sensitive gear parts on the crank axle. At the same time, this requires very few parts, namely crank and connecting rod, to build up the swivel gear for the swivel plate, which simplifies production. The use of a crank swing gear for the swivel plate also leads to an extremely trouble-free operation, since the crank remains fully rotatable and thus an accidental overturning of an engine driving it cannot lead to any blocking or damage to the engine or mechanism.

Gemäß der Erfindung wird anstelle eines eigenen dritten Antriebs für die Fächerwelle einer der beiden anderen Antriebe mitverwendet: Durch wahlweises Kuppeln der Fächerwelle mit dem Drehteller oder dessen Antrieb oder mit der Schwenkplatte oder deren Antrieb kann das Auf- und Einfächern der Solarpaneele während der Azimut-Verdrehung des Drehtellers oder Elevations-Verschwenkung der Schwenkplatte bewirkt werden. Nach dem gewünschten Auf- bzw. Einfächern der Solarpaneele wird die Kupplung wieder gelöst, und die Antriebe des Drehtellers und der Schwenkplatte können wieder ausschließlich für die Azimut- und Elevationsverstellung verwendet werden.According to the invention, instead of a separate third drive for the fan shaft, one of the two other drives is also used: by optionally coupling the fan shaft with the turntable or its drive or with the swivel plate or its drive, the solar panels can be fanned and fanned in during the azimuth rotation of the turntable or pivoting the swivel plate in elevation. After the desired fanning or fanning out of the solar panels, the coupling is released again, and the drives of the turntable and the Swivel plate can again only be used for azimuth and elevation adjustment.

Bevorzugt liegt die Lagerachse der Kurbel am Drehteller tiefer als die zweite Achse, was bei entsprechender Dimensionierung von Kurbel, Pleuel und wirksamen Gelenkabständen von Drehteller und Schwenkplatte dazu verwendet werden kann, die Schwenkplatte beispielsweise von einer horizontalen Ruhestellung über beliebige Schrägstellungen bis zu einer aufrechten Endstellung zu verschwenken, damit sie dem Sonnenstand folgen kann.The bearing axis of the crank on the turntable is preferably lower than the second axis, which can be used, with appropriate dimensioning of the crank, connecting rod and effective joint spacing of the turntable and swivel plate, for example to move the swivel plate from a horizontal rest position to any inclined position to an upright end position pivot so that it can follow the position of the sun.

Eine besonders robuste und platzsparende Ausführung ergibt sich, wenn gemäß einem bevorzugten Merkmal der Erfindung der Drehteller zwei hochragende Lagerarme aufweist, zwischen welchen das genannte eine Ende der Schwenkplatte gelagert ist. Aus denselben Gründen können bevorzugt zwei Kurbeln mit je einem Pleuel vorgesehen sein, zwischen welchen das genannte andere Ende der Schwenkplatte gelagert ist.A particularly robust and space-saving design results if, according to a preferred feature of the invention, the turntable has two towering bearing arms, between which said one end of the swivel plate is mounted. For the same reasons, two cranks, each with a connecting rod, can preferably be provided, between which the other end of the swivel plate is mounted.

In einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform können dabei die Kurbeln auf einer gemeinsamen Welle sitzen, die in Lagerlaschen des Drehtellers gelagert ist, so dass nur ein Antrieb für beide Kurbeln erforderlich ist. Dabei kann insbesondere der Drehteller - gegebenenfalls mit Lagerarmen und Lagerlaschen, falls vorhanden - einstückig gefertigt sein, bevorzugt als ein Gussteil, was die Endmontage des Antriebs in der Fertigung wesentlich vereinfacht.In an advantageous embodiment, the cranks can be seated on a common shaft which is mounted in bearing plates of the turntable, so that only one drive is required for both cranks. In particular, the turntable - if appropriate with bearing arms and bearing brackets, if present - can be manufactured in one piece, preferably as a cast part, which considerably simplifies the final assembly of the drive in production.

Der Schwenk- und Fächerantrieb der Erfindung kann manuell betätigt werden. Bevorzugt ist er jedoch für einen Motorbetrieb ausgelegt, u.zw. sowohl für eine vollautomatische Sonnenstandsnachführung der Solarpaneele als auch deren vollautomatisches Ein- und Ausfächern, beispielsweise um sie in der Nacht oder bei Wind und Regen in eine geschützte eingefächerte Stellung zu verbringen.The pan and fan drive of the invention can be operated manually. However, it is preferably designed for engine operation, etc. for a fully automatic tracking of the sun's position of the solar panels as well as their fully automatic fanning and unfolding, for example to spend them in a sheltered, sheltered position at night or in wind and rain.

Die Schwenkbewegungen um die genannten drei Achsen können dazu mittels jeglicher in der Technik bekannter Antriebe bewerkstelligt werden, beispielsweise hydraulischer oder pneumatischer Antriebe oder elektrischer Stellmotoren, z.B. langsamdrehender oder getriebeuntersetzter Elektromotoren oder Schrittschaltmotoren. Als Getriebe kommen dabei die in der Technik bekannten Getriebe, z.B. Planetengetriebe, auch als Winkelgetriebe, z.B. Planetenumlenkgetriebe, in Frage.For this purpose, the pivoting movements about the three axes mentioned can be accomplished by means of any drives known in the art, for example hydraulic or pneumatic Drives or electric servomotors, e.g. slow-rotating or gear-reduced electric motors or stepper motors. The gearboxes known in the art, for example planetary gearboxes, can also be used as angle gearboxes, for example planetary deflection gearboxes.

In bevorzugten Ausführungsformen der Erfindung werden Elektromotoren mit untersetzenden Schneckengetrieben verwendet, d.h. die Kurbel(n) werden bevorzugt über ein erstes Schneckengetriebe von einem am Drehteller montierten ersten Elektromotor angetrieben; und/oder der Drehteller über ein zweites Schneckengetriebe von einem am Grundträger montierten zweiten Elektromotor.In preferred embodiments of the invention, electric motors with reducing worm gears are used, i.e. the crank (s) are preferably driven via a first worm gear by a first electric motor mounted on the turntable; and / or the turntable via a second worm gear from a second electric motor mounted on the base carrier.

Besonders günstig ist es, wenn für den Antrieb der Fächerwelle der Drehtellerantrieb mitverwendet wird, d.h. die Fächerwelle über eine Kupplung vom Drehteller oder dessen Antrieb antreibbar ist, und dabei gleichzeitig die Kupplung automatisch durch das Verschwenken der Schwenkplatte betätigt wird. So kann insbesondere die Kupplung in einer Ruhestellung der Schwenkplatte geschlossen und in einer davon abweichenden Schwenkstellung der Schwenkplatte geöffnet sein. Beispielsweise ist die Ruhestellung der Schwenkplatte deren horizontale, parallel über und deckungsgleich zum Drehteller liegende Stellung, in welcher die Kupplung schließt. Der Drehtellerantrieb kann nun zum Auffächern der Solarpaneele verwendet werden, woraufhin diese mittels des Schwenkantriebs in ihrer Elevation auf die Sonne ausgerichtet werden, was die Kupplung löst und den Drehtellerantrieb wieder ausschließlich für Azimutverstellung nutzbar macht.It is particularly favorable if the turntable drive is also used to drive the fan shaft, i.e. the fan shaft can be driven via a coupling from the turntable or its drive, and at the same time the coupling is automatically actuated by pivoting the swivel plate. In particular, the coupling can be closed in a rest position of the swivel plate and opened in a different swivel position of the swivel plate. For example, the rest position of the swivel plate is its horizontal position, parallel above and congruent to the turntable, in which the clutch closes. The turntable drive can now be used to fan out the solar panels, whereupon their elevation is aligned with the sun by means of the swivel drive, which releases the coupling and makes the turntable drive usable again exclusively for azimuth adjustment.

Eine vorteilhafte praktische Ausführungsform der Erfindung zeichnet sich dadurch aus, dass die Kupplung durch ein vom Drehteller über eine Getriebewelle angetriebenes Ritzel und einen auf der Fächerwelle sitzenden Zahnkranz gebildet ist, welcher beim Einschwenken der Schwenkplatte in die Ruhestellung in Eingriff mit dem Ritzel und beim Ausschwenken der Schwenkplatte aus der Ruhestellung außer Eingriff kommt. Dies ergibt ein automatisches Ein- und Auskuppeln der Kupplung zwischen Drehtellerantrieb und Fächerwelle beim Verschwenken der Schwenkplatte.An advantageous practical embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the coupling is formed by a pinion driven by the turntable via a gear shaft and a toothed ring seated on the fan shaft, which meshes with the pinion when the pivoting plate is swung into the rest position and when it swings out Swivel plate disengages from the rest position. This results in an automatic Coupling and uncoupling of the coupling between the turntable drive and the fan shaft when pivoting the swivel plate.

Um zu verhindern, dass sich im Betrieb die Fächerwelle, nachdem die genannte Kupplung zur Separierung der Azimut- und Elevationsantriebe gelöst wurde, unbeabsichtigt verdreht, kann gemäß einem weiteren bevorzugten Merkmal der Erfindung die Fächerwelle über eine weitere Kupplung gegenüber der Schwenkplatte selektiv drehfixiert werden. Auch diese weitere Kupplung kann automatisch bei der Schwenkbewegung der Schwenkplatte betätigt werden, und zwar ist insbesondere die weitere Kupplung in der Ruhestellung der Schwenkplatte geöffnet und in einer davon abweichenden Schwenkstellung der Schwenkplatte geschlossen. In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform dieser Variante kann dazu die weitere Kupplung eine mit der Fächerwelle drehfeste und gegen eine Bremsfläche der Schwenkplatte federnd vorgespannte Bremsscheibe sein, welche von einem Betätigungsglied des Drehtellers beim Verschwenken der Schwenkplatte in die Ruhestellung von der Bremsfläche distanzierbar ist, was eine störungsunanfällige automatische Betätigung der zweiten Kupplung ermöglicht. Dies kann alternativ auch dadurch bewirkt werden, dass die weitere Kupplung ein an der Schwenkplatte drehfest, aber axialbeweglich federbeaufschlagtes Bremsritzel ist, welches Bremszähne zum kämmenden Eingriff mit dem Zahnkranz hat und beim Verschwenken der Schwenkplatte in die Ruhestellung gegen die Federbeaufschlagung aus dem kämmenden Eingriff drückbar ist.In order to prevent the fan shaft from unintentionally rotating during operation after the coupling for separating the azimuth and elevation drives has been released, the fan shaft can be selectively rotationally fixed relative to the swivel plate by means of a further coupling. This further coupling can also be actuated automatically during the pivoting movement of the pivoting plate, and in particular the further coupling is opened in the rest position of the pivoting plate and closed in a pivoting position of the pivoting plate which deviates therefrom. In a preferred embodiment of this variant, the further coupling can be a brake disk that is rotatable with the fan shaft and resiliently preloaded against a braking surface of the swivel plate, which can be distanced from an actuating element of the turntable when the swivel plate is swiveled into the rest position from the braking surface, which is automatic and not susceptible to faults Allows actuation of the second clutch. As an alternative, this can also be achieved in that the further coupling is a brake pinion which is spring-loaded but axially movable on the swivel plate, which has brake teeth for meshing engagement with the ring gear and can be pressed against the spring loading against the spring action from the meshing engagement when the swivel plate is pivoted .

Die Erfindung wird nachstehend anhand von in den beigeschlossenen Zeichnungen dargestellten Ausführungsbeispielen näher erläutert. In den Zeichnungen zeigen
die Fig. 1 und 2 ein Solarmodul mit auffächerbaren Solarpaneelen in zwei verschiedenen Betriebstellungen jeweils in einer schematischen Perspektivansicht von schräg oben;
die Fig. 3 und 4 einen erfindungsgemäßen Schwenk- und Fächerantrieb für das Solarmodul der Fig. 1 und 2 in zwei verschiedenen Betriebsstellung, u.zw. einmal in einer Perspektivansicht von schräg oben (Fig. 3) und einmal in einer Perspektivansicht von schräg unten (Fig. 4);
die Fig. 5 bis 7 den Schwenk- und Fächerantrieb der Fig. 3 und 4 in einer Seitenansicht (Fig. 5), einer Draufsicht (Fig. 6) und einer Rückansicht (Fig. 7); und
die Fig. 8 bis 11 zwei Varianten einer alternativen Ausführungsform des Schwenk- und Fächerantriebs der Fig. 3 bis 7 jeweils in zwei verschiedenen Betriebsstellungen im Schnitt.The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to exemplary embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. Show in the drawings
the 1 and 2 a solar module with fan-out solar panels in two different operating positions, each in a schematic perspective view obliquely from above;
the 3 and 4 a pan and fan drive according to the invention for the solar module 1 and 2 in two different operating positions, etc. once in a perspective view from diagonally above ( Fig. 3 ) and once in an oblique perspective view from below ( Fig. 4 );
the 5 to 7 the swivel and fan drive the 3 and 4 in a side view ( Fig. 5 ), a top view ( Fig. 6 ) and a rear view ( Fig. 7 ); and
the 8 to 11 two variants of an alternative embodiment of the swivel and fan drive 3 to 7 each in two different operating positions on average.

In der Fig. 1 und 2 ist ein Solarmodul 1 mit einer Vielzahl von lamellenförmigen Solarpaneelen 2 gezeigt, die über einen Schwenk- und Fächerantrieb 3 an einer Verankerung 4 schwenk- und auffächerbar gelagert sind. Die Solarpaneele 2 können so von einer ersten, in Fig. 1 gezeigten eingefächerten Stellung, in der sie im wesentlichen deckungsgleich in einem Stapel übereinanderliegen, in eine zweite, in Fig. 2 gezeigte aufgefächerte Stellung, in welcher sie um eine gemeinsame Auffächerachse 5 herum aufgefächert sind und damit im wesentlichen nebeneinanderliegen, verbracht werden und umgekehrt. Mit Hilfe des Schwenk- und Fächerantriebs 3 kann dabei die Auffächerachse 5 um eine erste, im wesentlichen vertikale Achse 6 in Azimut und um eine zweite, im wesentliche horizontale Achse 7 in Elevation verstellt werden, um die aufgefächerten Solarpaneele 2 auf die Sonne auszurichten und dieser nachzuführen. Die Verankerung 4 kann dabei von jeglicher Art sein, beispielsweise ein Ständer bzw. Stativ wie gezeigt, aber auch ein Gebäudeteil, eine Bodenverankerung, ein Schiffsteil, ein Fahrzeug, ein Container od.dgl.In the 1 and 2 a solar module 1 is shown with a plurality of lamellar solar panels 2, which are mounted on an anchoring 4 such that they can be pivoted and fanned out via a swivel and fan drive 3. The solar panels 2 can thus from a first, in Fig. 1 shown fanned-in position, in which they lie essentially congruent in a stack, in a second, in Fig. 2 shown fanned position, in which they are fanned out around a common fanning axis 5 and are thus essentially next to each other, are spent and vice versa. With the help of the swivel and fan drive 3, the fan axis 5 can be adjusted in azimuth about a first, essentially vertical axis 6 and in elevation about a second, essentially horizontal axis 7 in order to align the fanned out solar panels 2 with the sun and the latter track. The anchoring 4 can be of any type, for example a stand or tripod as shown, but also a part of the building, a floor anchoring, a ship part, a vehicle, a container or the like.

Die Solarpaneele 2 besitzen etwa Kreissektorform, bevorzugt mit abgerundeten Ecken ("Blütenblattform") wie dargestellt, und ergänzen sich in ihrer aufgefächerten Stellung (Fig. 2) bevorzugt - wenn auch nicht zwingend - zu einem Vollkreis. Beispielsweise sind zwölf Solarpaneele 2 vorgesehen, deren Kreissektorwinkel jeweils ca. 30° beträgt, wobei der Auffächer- bzw. Verschwenkwinkel eines Solarpaneels 2 gegenüber seinem benachbarten Solarpaneel 2 dementsprechend etwa 30° beträgt.The solar panels 2 have approximately the shape of a circular sector, preferably with rounded corners ("petal shape") as shown, and complement one another in their fanned out position ( Fig. 2 ) prefers - if not necessarily - to a full circle. For example, twelve solar panels 2 are provided, the circle sector angle of which is approximately 30 ° in each case, the fan-out or pivoting angle of a solar panel 2 relative to its adjacent solar panel 2 is accordingly about 30 °.

Jedes Solarpaneel 2 weist auf seiner Oberseite ein flächiges Array von photovoltaischen Zellen 8 auf, z.B. in kristalliner oder organischer Form oder in Dünnschichttechnologie. Die elektrischen Anschlüsse und Verschaltungen der Solarpaneele 2 und Solarzellen 8 sind zwecks Übersichtlichkeit nicht gezeigt; beispielsweise werden die Solarpaneele 2 über flexible Anschlusskabel oder Schleifkontakte und starre Kontaktringe an der Verankerung 4 bzw. dem Schwenk- und Fächerantrieb 3 kontaktiert und an die weitere Energieübertragungselektrik angeschlossen.Each solar panel 2 has a flat array of photovoltaic cells 8, e.g. in crystalline or organic form or in thin-film technology. The electrical connections and interconnections of the solar panels 2 and solar cells 8 are not shown for the sake of clarity; For example, the solar panels 2 are contacted via flexible connecting cables or sliding contacts and rigid contact rings on the anchoring 4 or the swivel and fan drive 3 and connected to the further energy transmission electronics.

Die Fig. 3 bis 9 zeigen den Schwenk- und Fächerantrieb 3 für die Solarpaneele 2 im Detail. Der Schwenk- und Fächerantrieb 3 umfasst einen Grundträger 9, hier in Form eines Ringsflansches, der beispielsweise über Bohrungen 10 auf das obere Ende der Verankerung 4 geschraubt werden kann. Auf dem Grundträger 9 ist über ein Kugellager 11 ein Drehteller 12 um die Achse 6 zumindest schwenkbar, bevorzugt voll drehbar, gelagert.The 3 to 9 show the swivel and fan drive 3 for the solar panels 2 in detail. The swivel and fan drive 3 comprises a base support 9, here in the form of an annular flange, which can be screwed onto the upper end of the anchoring 4, for example, via bores 10. On the base support 9, a turntable 12 is at least pivoted, preferably fully rotatable, about the axis 6 via a ball bearing 11.

Der Drehteller 12 besitzt an seinem einen Ende 13 zwei schräg nach oben hochragende und voneinander beabstandete Lagerarme 14, zwischen denen das eine Ende 15 einer Schwenkplatte 16 um die Achse 7 schwenkbar gelagert ist. Die Schwenkplatte 16 könnte auch auf andere Weise am Drehteller 12 schwenkbar gelagert sein, beispielsweise mit Hilfe eines Scharniers. Es ist hervorzuheben, dass sich die Begriffe "Drehteller" und "Schwenkplatte" nicht wörtlich auf eine Teller- bzw. Plattenform beziehen, sondern auf deren Funktion, d.h. der Drehteller 12 könnte auch eine andere als Tellerform haben, beispielsweise in Form einer Nabe, eines Wellenstutzens, eines Blocks usw.; und die Schwenkplatte 16 könnte auch eine andere Form als eine Plattenform haben, z.B. eine Nabe, ein Stutzen, ein Block oder ein beliebig geformter Träger sein.The turntable 12 has at its one end 13 two bearing arms 14 which project obliquely upwards and are spaced apart from one another, between which the one end 15 of a pivot plate 16 is pivotally mounted about the axis 7. The swivel plate 16 could also be pivotally mounted on the turntable 12 in another way, for example with the aid of a hinge. It should be emphasized that the terms "turntable" and "swivel plate" do not literally refer to a plate or plate shape, but to its function, i.e. the turntable 12 could also have a shape other than a plate, for example in the form of a hub, a shaft connector, a block, etc .; and the pivot plate 16 could also have a shape other than a plate shape, e.g. a hub, a socket, a block or an arbitrarily shaped carrier.

Auf bzw. in der Schwenkplatte 16 ist über ein Kugellager 17 eine Fächerwelle 18 um die Auffächerachse 5 zumindest schwenkbar, bevorzugt voll drehbar, gelagert. Von der Fächerwelle 18 ist in den Fig. 3 bis 9 nur ihr antriebsseitiger, als Ringflansch ausgebildeter Endteil dargestellt, an welchen beispielsweise über Bohrungen 19 der restliche, in Fig. 2 erkennbare Teil der Fächerwelle 18 angeflanscht werden kann, der die Solarpaneele 2 trägt. Durch Verdrehen der Fächerwelle 18 können die Solarpaneele 2 von der eingefächerten Stellung (Fig. 1) in die aufgefächerte Stellung (Fig. 2) verbracht werden und umgekehrt. Dazu kann z.B. das oberste (oder unterste) Solarpaneel 2 des Stapels (Fig. 1) mit der Fächerwelle 18 drehfest verbunden werden und das unterste (oder oberste) Solarpaneel 2 mit der Schwenkplatte 16 drehfest verbunden werden, wobei jeweils eines der Solarpaneele 2 mittels Schleppleisten, Schlepphaken, Mitnehmern od.dgl. das benachbarte Solarpaneel 2 beim Auf- oder Einfächern mitschleppt, bis alle Solarpaneele 2 auf- bzw. eingefächert sind.On or in the swivel plate 16 there is at least one fan shaft 18 about the fan axis 5 via a ball bearing 17 swiveling, preferably fully rotatable, stored. From the fan shaft 18 is in the 3 to 9 only their drive-side end part designed as an annular flange is shown, on which, for example, the rest of the holes 19 in Fig. 2 recognizable part of the fan shaft 18 can be flanged, which carries the solar panels 2. By turning the fan shaft 18, the solar panels 2 can be moved from the constricted position ( Fig. 1 ) in the fanned out position ( Fig. 2 ) and vice versa. For example, the top (or bottom) solar panel 2 of the stack ( Fig. 1 ) are connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the fan shaft 18 and the lowermost (or uppermost) solar panel 2 is connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the swivel plate 16, one of the solar panels 2 in each case by means of trailing strips, drag hooks, carriers or the like. the neighboring solar panel 2 is dragged along when fanning or fanning until all solar panels 2 are fanned or fanned.

Das Übereinandergleiten der Solarpaneele 2 bei dieser Schleppbewegung kann für eine Reinigung der Solarpaneele 2 ausgenützt werden. Zu diesem Zweck ist optional jedes Solarpaneel 2 (mit Ausnahme des untersten Solarpaneels 2) auf seiner Rückseite mit einer Kehrlippe ausgestattet, welche beim Auffächern das jeweils darunterliegende Solarpaneel 2 abkehrt. Die Kehrlippe kann beispielsweise eine Gummilippe oder eine Bürstenlippe sein und dabei gleichzeitig die Schleppleiste bilden.The sliding of the solar panels 2 during this towing movement can be used for cleaning the solar panels 2. For this purpose, each solar panel 2 (with the exception of the lowest solar panel 2) is optionally equipped on its rear with a sweeping lip, which turns away the solar panel 2 underneath when fanning out. The sweeping lip can be, for example, a rubber lip or a brush lip and at the same time form the drag bar.

Das Verschwenken der Schwenkplatte 16 gegenüber dem Drehteller 12 erfolgt mit Hilfe zumindest einer (hier: zwei) Kurbeln 20, die auf einer gemeinsamen Welle 21 sitzen, welche in Lagerlaschen 22 des Drehtellers 12 gelagert sind, und zwar, so dass die Achse 21' der Welle 21 parallel zu und in einem Abstand von der Schwenkachse 7 der Schwenkplatte 16 liegt. Die Lagerlaschen 22 können durch die Fußbereiche der Lagerarme 14 oder davon gesondert ausgebildet sein.The pivoting of the swivel plate 16 relative to the turntable 12 is carried out with the aid of at least one (here: two) cranks 20, which are seated on a common shaft 21, which are mounted in bearing plates 22 of the turntable 12, so that the axis 21 'of the Shaft 21 is parallel to and at a distance from the pivot axis 7 of the pivot plate 16. The bearing brackets 22 can be formed by the foot regions of the bearing arms 14 or separately therefrom.

Die Kurbeln 20 sind jeweils an ihren der Welle 21 abgewandten Enden über ein Pleuel 23 mit dem dem Ende 15 gegenüberliegenden anderen Ende 24 der Schwenkplatte 16 an einer Anlenkachse 25 gekoppelt.The cranks 20 are each at their ends facing away from the shaft 21 via a connecting rod 23 with the end 15 opposite other end 24 of the pivot plate 16 coupled to a pivot axis 25.

Die vier Teile Drehteller 12, Schwenkplatte 16, Kurbeln 20 und Pleuel 23 bilden ein Viergelenk-Koppelgetriebe, u.zw. genauer ein Kurbelschwingengetriebe, dessen "Kurbel" die Kurbeln 20, dessen "Schwinge" die Schwenkplatte 16, dessen "Gestell" der Drehteller 2 und dessen "Koppelglied" die Pleuel 23 sind. Die Gestelllänge zwischen Wellenachse 21' und Schwenkachse 7, die Schwingenlänge zwischen Schwenkachse 7 und Anlenkachse 25, sowie die wirksamen Längen der Kurbel 20 und Pleuel 23 bestimmen die Kinematik des Kurbelschwingengetriebes, wie in der Technik bekannt. Die genannten Längen werden bevorzugt - dies ist nicht zwingend - so gewählt, dass die Schwenkplatte 16 eine etwa 90°-Schwenkbewegung von einer etwa horizontalen Ruhestellung (Fig. 3) in eine etwa vertikale Endstellung (Fig. 4) ausführt und zurück, wenn die Kurbeln 20 eine volle Umdrehung ausführen.The four parts turntable 12, swivel plate 16, cranks 20 and connecting rods 23 form a four-link coupling gear, etc. more precisely a crank swing gear, the "crank" of the cranks 20, the "rocker" the swivel plate 16, the "frame" of the turntable 2 and the "coupling member" the connecting rods 23. The frame length between the shaft axis 21 'and the pivot axis 7, the rocker arm length between the pivot axis 7 and the articulation axis 25, and the effective lengths of the crank 20 and connecting rod 23 determine the kinematics of the crank rocker mechanism, as is known in the art. The lengths mentioned are preferred - this is not mandatory - such that the swivel plate 16 swivels approximately 90 ° from an approximately horizontal rest position ( Fig. 3 ) in an approximately vertical end position ( Fig. 4 ) and back when the cranks 20 make a full revolution.

Bevorzugt liegt dabei die Wellenachse 21' der Kurbeln 20 schräg unterhalb der Schwenkachse 7, so dass in der Ruhestellung (Fig. 3) die Schwenkplatte 16 etwa parallel zu und über dem Drehteller 12 liegt, wenn die Kurbeln 20 und Pleuel 23 in ihrer maximal verkürzten Stellung sind. Dies hat einen sehr geringen Platzbedarf in der Ruhestellung zur Folge hat, siehe Fig. 3. In der maximal ausgeschwenkten Endstellung von Fig. 4 befinden sich die Kurbeln 20 und Pleuel 23 in ihrer maximal gestreckten Stellung.Preferably, the shaft axis 21 'of the cranks 20 lies obliquely below the pivot axis 7, so that in the rest position ( Fig. 3 ) The pivot plate 16 is approximately parallel to and above the turntable 12 when the cranks 20 and connecting rods 23 are in their maximally shortened position. This results in a very small space requirement in the rest position, see Fig. 3 . In the maximum swiveled out end position of Fig. 4 the cranks 20 and connecting rods 23 are in their maximally extended position.

Die Bewegungen des Schwenk- und Fächerantriebs 3 um eine oder mehrere der Achsen 5, 6, 7 können im einfachsten Fall manuell vorgenommen werden. Bevorzugt werden die Bewegungen um eine oder mehrere der Achsen 5, 6, 7 jedoch durch entsprechende Antriebe bewerkstelligt, beispielsweise Hydraulik- oder Pneumatikzylinder, Stellmotoren, Schrittschaltmotoren od.dgl. In den Fig. 3 bis 7 ist ein erste Ausführungsform gezeigt, in welcher für jede der drei Bewegungen jeweils ein getriebeuntersetzter Elektroantrieb vorgesehen ist.The movements of the swivel and fan drive 3 about one or more of the axes 5, 6, 7 can be carried out manually in the simplest case. However, the movements about one or more of the axes 5, 6, 7 are preferably accomplished by appropriate drives, for example hydraulic or pneumatic cylinders, servomotors, stepping motors or the like. In the 3 to 7 A first embodiment is shown, in which a gear-reduced electric drive is provided for each of the three movements.

Dazu ist am Drehteller 12 ein erster Elektromotor 26 mit angeflanschtem Winkelgetriebe 27 montiert, der über ein erstes Schneckengetriebe 28 eine der Kurbeln 20 oder deren Welle 21 antreibt. Das erste Schneckengetriebe 28 umfasst beispielsweise eine vom Elektromotor 26 über das Winkelgetriebe 27 angetriebene Schnecke, die in ein auf einer Kurbel 20 oder der Welle 21 sitzendes Schneckenrad eingreift.For this purpose, a first electric motor 26 with a flanged angular gear 27 is mounted on the turntable 12, which drives one of the cranks 20 or the shaft 21 thereof via a first worm gear 28. The first worm gear 28 comprises, for example, a worm driven by the electric motor 26 via the angular gear 27, which engages in a worm wheel seated on a crank 20 or the shaft 21.

Ein zweiter Elektromotor 29 mit angeflanschtem Winkelgetriebe 30 ist am Grundträger 9 montiert und treibt über ein zweites Schneckengetriebe 31, das beispielsweise eine in ein Schneckenrad des Drehtellers 12 eingreifende Schnecke aufweist, den Drehteller 12 an.A second electric motor 29 with a flanged angular gear 30 is mounted on the base support 9 and drives the turntable 12 via a second worm gear 31, which has, for example, a worm engaging in a worm wheel of the turntable 12.

Ein dritter Elektromotor 32 mit angeflanschtem Winkelgetriebe 33 ist an der Schwenkplatte 16 montiert und treibt über ein drittes Schneckengetriebe 34 die Fächerwelle 18 an, beispielsweise wieder mit Hilfe einer Schnecke, die in ein mit der Fächerwelle 18 verbundenes Schneckenrad eingreift.A third electric motor 32 with a flanged angular gear 33 is mounted on the swivel plate 16 and drives the fan shaft 18 via a third worm gear 34, for example again with the aid of a worm which engages in a worm wheel connected to the fan shaft 18.

Es versteht sich, dass anstelle eines oder mehrerer der Schneckengetriebe auch geeignete andere Getriebe, z.B. Stirnrad-, Planeten- oder Winkelgetriebe, wie Kegelrad-, Kronenradoder Planetenumlenkgetriebe, u.zw. mit jeweils einer oder mehreren Getriebestufen, eingesetzt werden können.It goes without saying that instead of one or more of the worm gears, suitable other gears, e.g. Helical, planetary or angular gear, such as bevel gear, crown gear or planetary deflection gear, etc. with one or more gear stages, can be used.

In den Fig. 8 bis 11 sind Varianten einer zweiten Ausführungsform für den Antrieb der Fächerwelle 18 gezeigt, und zwar ist für diese kein eigener Elektroantrieb vorgesehen, sondern es wird hiefür der Antrieb des Drehtellers 12 wahlweise mitverwendet. Zu diesem Zweck ist auf dem Drehteller 12 und/oder einer seiner Lagerlaschen 22 eine Getriebewelle 35 mit etwa vertikaler Drehachse in Lagern 36, 37 gelagert. Die Getriebewelle 35 hat an ihrem unteren Ende ein Ritzel 38, das mit einem Zahnkranz 39 kämmt, der am Außenumfang eines Flansches 40 des Grundträgers 9 ausgebildet ist. Bei Drehung des Drehtellers 12 gegenüber dem Grundträger 9 bzw. dessen Flansch 40 wird somit die Getriebewelle 35 in Drehung versetzt.In the 8 to 11 Variants of a second embodiment for the drive of the fan shaft 18 are shown, namely that no separate electric drive is provided for this, but instead the drive of the turntable 12 is optionally used. For this purpose, a gear shaft 35 with an approximately vertical axis of rotation is mounted in bearings 36, 37 on the turntable 12 and / or one of its bearing plates 22. The gear shaft 35 has at its lower end a pinion 38 which meshes with a ring gear 39 which is formed on the outer circumference of a flange 40 of the base support 9. When the turntable 12 rotates with respect to the base support 9 or its flange 40, the gear shaft 35 is thus set in rotation.

An ihrem oberen Ende trägt die Getriebewelle 35 ein weiteres Ritzel 41, das in der herabgeschwenkten Stellung der Schwenkplatte 16 (Fig. 8 bzw. 10) mit einem Zahnkranz 42 in Eingriff kommt, der am Außenumfang der Fächerwelle 18 ausgebildet ist. In dieser Stellung treibt somit der zweite Elektromotor 29 sowohl den Drehteller 12 als auch - über den Eingriff von Ritzel 41 und Zahnkranz 42 - die Fächerwelle 18 an, so dass während der Drehung um die Achse 6 gleichzeitig die Solarpaneele 2 um die Achse 5 auf- oder eingefächert werden.At its upper end, the gear shaft 35 carries a further pinion 41, which in the swiveled down position of the swivel plate 16 ( Fig. 8 or 10) comes into engagement with a ring gear 42 which is formed on the outer circumference of the fan shaft 18. In this position, the second electric motor 29 thus drives both the turntable 12 and - via the engagement of pinion 41 and ring gear 42 - the fan shaft 18, so that during the rotation about the axis 6, the solar panels 2 open about the axis 5 at the same time. or fanned out.

Das Ritzel 41 und der Zahnkranz 42 bilden somit eine Kupplung zwischen dem Drehteller 12 bzw. dessen Antrieb und der Fächerwelle 18, die in der in den Fig. 8 und 10 gezeigten Ruhestellung der Schwenkplatte 16 geschlossen ist. Beim Hochschwenken der Schwenkplatte 16 öffnet die Kupplung, siehe die Fig. 9 bzw. 11, d.h. Ritzel 41 und Zahnkranz 42 kommen außer Eingriff, so dass nun der Elektromotor 29 wieder ausschließlich für den Drehantrieb um die Achse 6, d.h. die Azimutverstellung der Solarpaneele 2, verwendet werden kann.The pinion 41 and the ring gear 42 thus form a coupling between the turntable 12 or its drive and the fan shaft 18, which in the in the Fig. 8 and 10th shown rest position of the pivot plate 16 is closed. When swiveling the swivel plate 16, the clutch opens, see the Fig. 9 and 11, ie pinion 41 and ring gear 42 come out of engagement, so that the electric motor 29 can again be used exclusively for the rotary drive about the axis 6, ie the azimuth adjustment of the solar panels 2.

Beim Herabschwenken bzw. Einschwenken der Schwenkplatte 16 in die Ruhestellung (Fig. 8 bzw. 10) wird die Kupplung 41, 42 wieder geschlossen und es kann dann wieder der Elektromotor 29 zum z.B. Einfächern der Solarpaneele 2 mitverwendet werden.When swiveling down or swiveling the swivel plate 16 into the rest position ( Fig. 8 or 10), the clutch 41, 42 is closed again and the electric motor 29 can then be used again, for example for fanning in the solar panels 2.

Falls gewünscht, können in der eingefächerten Stellung die gestapelten Solarpaneele 2 durch Drehung um die Schwenkachse 7 herabgeschwenkt werden, so dass sie die in Fig. 1 gezeigte herabhängende Schutzstellung gegenüber Wind und Wetter einnehmen.If desired, the stacked solar panels 2 can be swiveled down by rotation about the swivel axis 7 in the constricted position, so that they are the in Fig. 1 assume the shown protective position against wind and weather.

Es versteht sich, dass anstelle des zweiten Elektromotors 29 des Drehtellerantriebs auch der erste Elektromotor 26 für des Schwenkplattenantriebs für das wahlweise Antreiben der Fächerwelle 18 mitverwendet werden kann, in welchem Fall eine gleichartige Kupplung zwischen der Schwenkplatte 16 bzw. deren Antrieb 26 und der Fächerwelle 18 vorgesehen wird.It goes without saying that, instead of the second electric motor 29 of the turntable drive, the first electric motor 26 for the swivel plate drive can also be used for optionally driving the fan shaft 18, in which case a similar coupling between the swivel plate 16 or its drive 26 and the fan shaft 18 is provided.

Wenn die Kupplung 41, 42 der Fächerwelle 18 in einer von der Ruhestellung (Fig. 8 bzw. 10) abweichenden Stellung gelöst ist, kann eine weitere Kupplung dazu verwendet werden, um die Fächerwelle 18 gegenüber der Schwenkplatte 16 temporär drehzufixieren, damit eine unbeabsichtigte Änderung der Ein- bzw. Auffächerstellung der Solarpaneele 2 insbesondere während deren Azimut- und Elevationsverstellung vermieden wird. Die weitere Kupplung umfasst in der Ausführungsvariante der Fig. 8 und 9 eine mit der Fächerwelle 18 drehfest verbundene und gegen eine Bremsfläche 43 der Schwenkplatte 16 mittels einer Feder 44 vorgespannte Bremsscheibe 45. Die Bremsscheibe 45 wird beim Verschwenken der Schwenkplatte 16 in die Ruhestellung durch ein am Drehteller 12 angebrachtes Betätigungsglied 46 von der Bremsfläche 43 abgehoben, siehe Fig. 8. Beim Hochschwenken der Schwenkplatte 16 gelangt das Betätigungsglied 46 außer Eingriff von der Bremsscheibe 45, so dass diese durch die Feder 44 gegen die Bremsfläche 43 gedrückt wird und damit die Fächerwelle 18 bezüglich der Schwenkplatte 16 drehfixiert. Die weitere Kupplung 43 - 46 ist somit in der Ruhestellung der Schwenkplatte 16 geöffnet und in einer davon abweichenden Schwenkstellung der Schwenkplatte 16 geschlossen.If the clutch 41, 42 of the fan shaft 18 in a position of rest ( Fig. 8 or 10) different position is solved, another clutch can be used to the Fan shaft 18 temporarily rotationally fixed relative to the swivel plate 16, so that an unintentional change in the position of the solar panels 2 in the fan or in the fan is avoided, in particular during their azimuth and elevation adjustment. In the embodiment variant, the further coupling comprises 8 and 9 a brake disk 45 connected to the fan shaft 18 in a rotationally fixed manner and biased against a braking surface 43 of the swivel plate 16 by means of a spring 44. When the swivel plate 16 is swiveled into the rest position, the brake disk 45 is lifted from the braking surface 43 by an actuator 46 attached to the turntable 12, see Fig. 8 . When swiveling the swivel plate 16, the actuating member 46 disengages from the brake disc 45, so that it is pressed by the spring 44 against the brake surface 43 and thus fixes the fan shaft 18 with respect to the swivel plate 16. The further coupling 43 - 46 is thus open in the rest position of the swivel plate 16 and closed in a different swivel position of the swivel plate 16.

Anstelle der gezeigten Bremsscheiben/Bremsflächen-Konstruktion der Kupplung 43 - 46 kann auch jede andere Art von Kupplung verwendet werden, welche die gezeigte temporäre Festsetzung der Fächerwelle 18 ermöglicht.Instead of the brake disk / brake surface construction of the clutch 43-46 shown, any other type of clutch can also be used which enables the temporary fixing of the fan shaft 18 shown.

Beispielsweise kann gemäß der in den Fig. 10 und 11 dargestellten Variante die Bremsfunktion der weiteren Kupplung alternativ durch ein Bremsritzel 47 od.dgl. mit Bremszähnen 48 erzielt werden, welches in der Stellung von Fig. 10 etwa in Flucht mit der Getriebewelle 35 an der Schwenkplatte 16 drehfest, aber axialbeweglich, d.h. in der Darstellung von Fig. 10 vertikalbeweglich, mittels einer Feder 49 nach unten belastet gelagert ist. Beim Hochschwenken der Schwenkplatte 16 (Fig. 11) wird dieses Bremsritzel 47 mit seinen Bremszähnen 48 federbeaufschlagt in kämmenden Eingriff mit dem Zahnkranz 42 gedrückt, um diesen drehzufixieren. In der Ruhestellung der Schwenkplatte 16 (Fig. 10) wird es von der Getriebewelle 35 gegen seine Federbeaufschlagung aus dem kämmenden Eingriff geschoben und gibt so den Zahnkranz 42 frei.For example, according to the in the 10 and 11 variant shown the braking function of the further clutch alternatively by a brake pinion 47 or the like. can be achieved with brake teeth 48, which in the position of Fig. 10 approximately in alignment with the gear shaft 35 on the swivel plate 16 rotatably, but axially movable, ie in the representation of Fig. 10 vertically movable, is supported by a spring 49 loaded down. When swiveling the swivel plate 16 ( Fig. 11 ) this brake pinion 47 with its brake teeth 48 is pressed spring-loaded into meshing engagement with the ring gear 42 in order to fix it in rotation. In the rest position of the swivel plate 16 ( Fig. 10 ) it is from the gear shaft 35 against its spring action pushed out of the meshing engagement and thus releases the ring gear 42.

Es versteht sich, dass die Kupplungen 41, 42 und 43 - 49 auch manuell oder mittels elektrischer Stellglieder betätigt werden könnten, welche z.B. von einer auch die Elektromotoren 26 und 29 entsprechend steuernden Elektronik gesteuert werden können.It goes without saying that the clutches 41, 42 and 43-49 could also be actuated manually or by means of electrical actuators, which e.g. can also be controlled by electronics that control the electric motors 26 and 29 accordingly.

Die Erfindung ist nicht auf die dargestellten Ausführungsformen beschränkt, sondern umfasst alle Varianten, Modifikationen und Kombinationen, die in den Rahmen der angeschlossenen Ansprüche fallen.The invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiments, but includes all variants, modifications and combinations that fall within the scope of the attached claims.

Claims (15)

  1. A pivot and fanning drive (3) for solar panels (2), comprising
    a base support (9),
    a rotary table (12), which is mounted on the base support (9) pivotingly about a substantially vertical first axis (6),
    a swivel plate (16), which is mounted on the rotary table (12) pivotingly about a substantially horizontal second axis (7), and
    a fanning shaft (18), which is mounted on the swivel plate (16) pivotingly about a third axis (5) and on which the solar panels (2) can be mounted such that they can be fanned in and out about the aforesaid third axis (5), characterised in that
    the rotary table (12) mounts one end (15) of the swivel plate (16) about the aforesaid second axis (7) and, at a distance therefrom, mounts at least one crank (20), which is coupled by means of a connecting rod (23) to the other end (24) of the swivel plate (16) to form a crank-rocker linkage,
    wherein the fanning shaft (18) can be driven via a coupling by the swivel plate (16) or drive (26 - 28) thereof or via a coupling (41, 42) by the rotary table (12) or drive (29 - 31) thereof.
  2. The pivot and fanning drive according to claim 1, characterised in that the mounting axis (21') of the crank (20) lies lower on the rotary table (16) than the second axis (7).
  3. The pivot and fanning drive according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the rotary table (12) has two upwardly protruding bearing arms (14), between which the aforesaid one end (15) of the swivel plate (16) is mounted.
  4. The pivot and fanning drive according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that two cranks (20) are each provided with one connecting rod (23), between which connecting rods the aforesaid other end (24) of the swivel plate (16) is mounted.
  5. The pivot and fanning drive according to claim 4, characterised in that the cranks (20) sit on a common shaft (21), which is mounted in bearing tabs (22) of the rotary table (12) .
  6. The pivot and fanning drive according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the rotary table (12) - with bearing arms (14) and bearing tabs (22), if provided - is manufactured in one piece, preferably as a casting.
  7. The pivot and fanning drive according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the crank/s (20) is/are driven via a first worm gear (28) by a first electric motor (26, 27) mounted on the rotary table (12).
  8. The pivot and fanning drive according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the rotary table (12) is driven via a second worm gear (31) by a second electric motor (29, 30) mounted on the base support (9).
  9. The pivot and fanning drive according toany one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the fanning shaft (18) can be driven via a coupling (41, 42) by the rotary table (12) or drive (29 - 31) thereof, characterised in that the coupling (41, 42) is actuated by the pivoting of the swivel plate (16).
  10. The pivot and fanning drive according to claim 9, characterised in that the coupling (41, 42) is closed in a rest position of the swivel plate (16) and is opened in a swivel position of the swivel plate (16) deviating from the rest position.
  11. The pivot and fanning drive according to claim 10, characterised in that the coupling (41, 42) is formed by a pinion (41), driven by the rotary table (12) via a gear shaft (35), and a gear rim (42) sitting on the fanning shaft (18), which gear rim engages with the pinion (41) as the swivel plate (16) is pivoted into the rest position, and becomes disengaged as the swivel plate (16) is pivoted out of the rest position.
  12. The pivot and fanning drive according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the fanning shaft (18) can be driven via a coupling (41, 42) by the rotary table (12) or drive (29 - 31) thereof, characterised in that the fanning shaft (18) can be rotationally fixed relative to the swivel plate (16) by means of a further coupling (43 - 49).
  13. The pivot and fanning drive according to claim 12, characterised in that the further coupling (43 - 49) is opened in the rest position of the swivel plate (16) and is closed in a swivel position of the swivel plate (16) deviating from the rest position.
  14. The pivot and fanning drive according to claim 13, characterised in that the further coupling is a brake disc (45), which is rotationally fixed with the fanning shaft (18) and is spring-loaded against a brake surface (43) of the swivel plate (16), and which can be distanced from the brake surface (43) by an actuation member (46) of the rotary table (12) as the swivel plate (16) is pivoted into the rest position.
  15. The pivot and fanning drive according to claim 13 in conjunction with claim 11, characterised in that the further coupling is a spring-loaded brake pinion (47), which is rotationally fixed but axially movable on the swivel plate (16) and which has brake teeth (48) for engaging with the gear rim (42) and, as the swivel plate (16) is pivoted into the rest position, can be pressed against the spring loading into disengagement.
EP16793730.9A 2015-10-02 2016-09-20 Swivel and fanning drive for solar panels Active EP3357157B1 (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP20164837.5A EP3691116A1 (en) 2015-10-02 2016-09-20 Pivoting and compartment drive for solar panels
EP20164842.5A EP3691118A1 (en) 2015-10-02 2016-09-20 Pivoting and compartment drive for solar panels
EP20164840.9A EP3716471A1 (en) 2015-10-02 2016-09-20 Pivoting and compartment drive for solar panels
EP20164839.1A EP3691117A1 (en) 2015-10-02 2016-09-20 Pivoting and compartment drive for solar panels

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ATA50840/2015A AT517705B1 (en) 2015-10-02 2015-10-02 Pan and fan drive for solar panels
PCT/AT2016/060067 WO2017054026A1 (en) 2015-10-02 2016-09-20 Swivel and fanning drive for solar panels

Related Child Applications (4)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20164837.5A Division EP3691116A1 (en) 2015-10-02 2016-09-20 Pivoting and compartment drive for solar panels
EP20164839.1A Division EP3691117A1 (en) 2015-10-02 2016-09-20 Pivoting and compartment drive for solar panels
EP20164842.5A Division EP3691118A1 (en) 2015-10-02 2016-09-20 Pivoting and compartment drive for solar panels
EP20164840.9A Division EP3716471A1 (en) 2015-10-02 2016-09-20 Pivoting and compartment drive for solar panels

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3357157A1 EP3357157A1 (en) 2018-08-08
EP3357157B1 true EP3357157B1 (en) 2020-04-15

Family

ID=57256007

Family Applications (5)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20164842.5A Pending EP3691118A1 (en) 2015-10-02 2016-09-20 Pivoting and compartment drive for solar panels
EP20164837.5A Withdrawn EP3691116A1 (en) 2015-10-02 2016-09-20 Pivoting and compartment drive for solar panels
EP20164839.1A Withdrawn EP3691117A1 (en) 2015-10-02 2016-09-20 Pivoting and compartment drive for solar panels
EP20164840.9A Pending EP3716471A1 (en) 2015-10-02 2016-09-20 Pivoting and compartment drive for solar panels
EP16793730.9A Active EP3357157B1 (en) 2015-10-02 2016-09-20 Swivel and fanning drive for solar panels

Family Applications Before (4)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20164842.5A Pending EP3691118A1 (en) 2015-10-02 2016-09-20 Pivoting and compartment drive for solar panels
EP20164837.5A Withdrawn EP3691116A1 (en) 2015-10-02 2016-09-20 Pivoting and compartment drive for solar panels
EP20164839.1A Withdrawn EP3691117A1 (en) 2015-10-02 2016-09-20 Pivoting and compartment drive for solar panels
EP20164840.9A Pending EP3716471A1 (en) 2015-10-02 2016-09-20 Pivoting and compartment drive for solar panels

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US (2) US10298173B2 (en)
EP (5) EP3691118A1 (en)
JP (2) JP6885932B2 (en)
KR (1) KR20180064430A (en)
CN (2) CN108391461B (en)
AT (1) AT517705B1 (en)
AU (2) AU2016333140B2 (en)
BR (1) BR112018006575A2 (en)
CA (1) CA2999927A1 (en)
CL (1) CL2018000826A1 (en)
DK (1) DK3357157T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2811324T3 (en)
HK (1) HK1254598A1 (en)
IL (2) IL258388B (en)
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PH (1) PH12018500728A1 (en)
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HK1254598A1 (en) 2019-07-26
US10454410B2 (en) 2019-10-22
ZA201802077B (en) 2019-01-30
US10298173B2 (en) 2019-05-21
IL285159A (en) 2021-08-31
ES2811324T3 (en) 2021-03-11
BR112018006575A2 (en) 2018-10-09
MX2018003917A (en) 2018-09-06
WO2017054026A1 (en) 2017-04-06
AT517705A4 (en) 2017-04-15
IL258388A (en) 2018-06-28
DK3357157T3 (en) 2020-07-27
IL285159B (en) 2022-04-01
US20190181798A1 (en) 2019-06-13
MX2023003907A (en) 2023-04-24
AT517705B1 (en) 2017-04-15
SG10201912476SA (en) 2020-02-27
EP3691118A1 (en) 2020-08-05
EP3691117A1 (en) 2020-08-05
US20180294769A1 (en) 2018-10-11
KR20180064430A (en) 2018-06-14
JP7127189B2 (en) 2022-08-29
AU2016333140A1 (en) 2018-05-10
AU2016333140B2 (en) 2022-02-10
EP3716471A1 (en) 2020-09-30
JP2018531573A (en) 2018-10-25
CN108391461A (en) 2018-08-10
CN108391461B (en) 2020-09-11
AU2022202838B2 (en) 2024-04-11
EP3357157A1 (en) 2018-08-08
PH12018500728A1 (en) 2018-10-15
CN111726059A (en) 2020-09-29
JP2021121171A (en) 2021-08-19
AU2022202838A1 (en) 2022-05-19
EP3691116A1 (en) 2020-08-05
IL258388B (en) 2021-08-31
SG11201802664SA (en) 2018-04-27
CA2999927A1 (en) 2017-04-06
CL2018000826A1 (en) 2018-08-17
JP6885932B2 (en) 2021-06-16
PT3357157T (en) 2020-07-21

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