EP3354999A1 - Heat exchanger - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a heat exchanger (1) comprising an envelope (2) containing a heat exchange device (3) and delimiting a combustion chamber (30), said envelope (2) being provided with an opening of access and a door (5) provided on its inner face with a burner (4). It is remarkable in that said door (5) is pivotally mounted about a pivot (6) fixed to the end of a slide (7), in that said casing (2) is provided on its outer surface with axial guiding means (8) of said slide (7) along an axis of displacement X2-X'2 which extends parallel to the longitudinal axis XX 'of said envelope (2), in that the pivot (6) extends along an axis ZZ 'perpendicular to said axis of displacement X2-X'2, the stroke of said slide (7) being greater than the length of the burner (4).

Description

GENERAL TECHNICAL FIELD

The invention lies in the field of heat exchangers, especially for a gas or oil boiler.

The present invention more specifically relates to a heat exchanger comprising a heat-sealed envelope containing a heat exchange device and delimiting a combustion chamber, said casing being provided with an access opening and a door adapted to being able to close said access opening, said door being provided with a burner, in particular with gas or fuel oil, protruding from its internal face.

STATE OF THE ART

We already know from the document FR2942866 , a heat exchanger as mentioned above. Its door is further provided on its outer face with a system for supplying a combustible mixture to the burner. Finally, said envelope is provided with a flue gas exhaust sleeve.

This door is fixed to a frame of said access opening, removably, for example by means of screws.

However, it is necessary to regularly access the heat exchanger tubes and / or the burner for maintenance operations.

The door is opened by removing the door after unscrewing the screws. this withdrawal must sometimes be made using a hoist if the door is bulky and / or heavy, which is particularly the case for large heat exchangers, in which the door can for example reach a diameter of 1 meter and a weight of more than 50 kg.

Also known from the state of the art, heat exchangers in which the door is mounted on a hinge fixed on the front of the exchanger. However, such a door can only be equipped with a compact burner, because a larger space burner would block the pivoting movement of the door.

PRESENTATION OF THE INVENTION

The object of the invention is to solve the aforementioned drawbacks of the state of the art and to propose a heat exchanger provided with an access door equipped with a burner, which allows complete and easy access both to the burner and heat exchange device, while avoiding having to lift the door, either manually or with a hoist.

The invention must also maintain the gas tightness of the exchanger when the door is closed against its front.

For this purpose, the invention relates to a heat exchanger comprising a gastight envelope containing a heat exchange device and delimiting a combustion chamber, said envelope being provided with an access opening and a door adapted to being able to close said access opening, said door being provided with a burner, in particular with gas or fuel oil, protruding from its internal face,

According to the invention, said door is pivotally mounted about a pivot fixed at the end or substantially at the end called "front" of a slide, said casing is provided on its outer surface with guiding means which allow to axially guide said slide along an axis of displacement X2-X'2 which extends parallel to the longitudinal axis XX 'of said envelope, the pivot extends along an axis ZZ' perpendicular to said axis of displacement X2-X'2, and the stroke of said slide is greater than the length of the burner, so that said door can be moved from a closed position, in which it closes the access opening of said envelope, to a so-called "spaced apart" position, in which it is spaced from this access opening and wherein the burner is out of the envelope, and conversely said door pivotable about the pivot when in said position "spaced apart. "

Thanks to these characteristics of the invention, the burner can be completely out of the exchanger, which facilitates cleaning and possible interventions on the insulation that surrounds it. In addition, the door remains fixed to the slide and is supported by it. It is therefore no longer necessary to lift it.

Finally, in the closed position of the door, the gas tightness of the exchanger is guaranteed.

• la porte peut pivoter autour du pivot selon un angle d'au moins 180° ;
• la glissière est munie d'une butée de fin de course qui l'empêche de sortir des moyens de guidage ;
• la glissière est une réglette présentant une face supérieure et une face inférieure et les moyens de guidage comprennent deux galets rotatifs supérieurs et deux galets rotatifs inférieurs en forme de diabolo, montés fous, munis d'une gorge dont le profil correspond à celui desdites faces supérieure et inférieure de la glissière ;
• la face supérieure et la face inférieure de la glissière ont la forme d'un V saillant à deux pans ;
• une platine est fixée sur la face externe de la porte et présente deux ailes en saillie qui s'étendent dans un plan perpendiculaire à l'axe Z-Z' du pivot 6, chaque aile est percée d'un orifice, le pivot présente un trou borgne à chacune de ses deux extrémités et une vis épaulée est vissée dans chaque trou borgne au travers de l'orifice ménagé dans l'aile, de façon à autoriser le pivotement de la porte autour du pivot ;
• ladite porte est munie de moyens de blocage empêchant son pivotement autour du pivot par rapport à ladite glissière et la maintenant dans une position où elle est perpendiculaire à l'axe de déplacement de ladite glissière ;
• la glissière est munie à son extrémité avant d'une lumière la traversant de part en part, la porte présente à sa périphérie, sur sa face située en regard du pivot, un trou borgne et lesdits moyens de blocage comprennent une goupille amovible, configurée pour pouvoir être insérée au travers de ladite lumière, dans ledit trou borgne, en bloquant ainsi le mouvement de pivotement de la porte par rapport à la glissière ;
• la porte est munie d'au moins une poignée sur sa face extérieure ;

According to other advantageous and nonlimiting features of the invention, taken alone or in combination:

• the door can pivot about the pivot at an angle of at least 180 °;
• the slide is provided with a limit stop which prevents it from coming out of the guide means;
• the slide is a slide having an upper face and a lower face and the guiding means comprise two upper rotary rollers and two diabolo-shaped lower rotary rollers, mounted idle, provided with a groove whose profile corresponds to that of said upper faces; and bottom of the slide;
• the upper face and the lower face of the slideway are in the form of a V salient two-sided;
• a plate is fixed on the outer face of the door and has two projecting wings which extend in a plane perpendicular to the axis ZZ 'of the pivot 6, each wing is pierced with an orifice, the pivot has a blind hole at each of its two ends and a shouldered screw is screwed into each blind hole through the orifice in the wing, so as to allow the pivoting of the door around the pivot;
• said door is provided with locking means preventing its pivoting about the pivot relative to said slide and maintaining it in a position where it is perpendicular to the axis of movement of said slide;
• the slide is provided at its front end with a light therethrough, the door has at its periphery, on its face facing the pivot, a blind hole and said locking means comprise a removable pin, configured to being able to be inserted through said light into said blind hole, thus blocking the pivotal movement of the door relative to the slideway;
• the door is provided with at least one handle on its outer face;

PRESENTATION OF FIGURES

Other features and advantages of the invention will appear from the description which will now be made, with reference to the accompanying drawings, which represent, by way of indication but not limitation, a possible embodiment.

• la figure 1 est une vue en perspective d'un exemple de réalisation de l'échangeur de chaleur conforme à l'invention,
• les figures 2 à 5 sont des vues en perspective de l'échangeur de la figure 1 représentant la cinématique d'ouverture et de fermeture de la porte de cet échangeur, et
• la figure 6 est une vue en coupe verticale d'une partie de l'échangeur, prise selon le plan de coupe représenté par la ligne VI-VI sur la figure 1.

On these drawings:

• the figure 1 is a perspective view of an exemplary embodiment of the heat exchanger according to the invention,
• the Figures 2 to 5 are perspective views of the exchanger of the figure 1 representing the kinematics of opening and closing the door of this exchanger, and
• the figure 6 is a vertical sectional view of part of the exchanger, taken along the section plane represented by line VI-VI on the figure 1 .

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Referring to the figure 1 it can be seen that the heat exchanger 1 according to the invention comprises a gas-tight envelope 2. This rests for example on feet 20.

In the remainder of the description and the claims, the references to the terms "horizontal" or vertical will have to be taken into consideration with respect to the position of the exchanger 1 on the Figures 1 to 5 .

The envelope 2 contains a heat exchange device 3 for heating a fluid, for example cold water.

In the figures, the references 21 and 22 correspond to the inlet and outlet orifices of the device 3 of the heat exchanger.

The shape of the envelope 2 is indifferent. It has a longitudinal axis X-X '. In the example shown in the figures, this envelope 2 is cylindrical. It also has a flue gas exhaust sleeve, not visible in the figures.

The envelope 2 has a facade 23 which defines an opening 230 for access inside said envelope. By convention, the end of the casing 2 located near the facade 23 is called the front end 24 and its opposite end rear end 25.

The envelope 2 also comprises a door 5 intended to close the opening 230 formed in the facade 23.

A burner 4 is fixed in the central part of the door, on its inner face 51, from which it projects. The inner face 51 of the door 5 of the casing 2 is the face facing the inside of the casing 2 when the door 5 is closed. Thus, when the door 5 is closed, the burner 4 is positioned near the heat exchange device 3. The envelope 2 defines a combustion chamber 30 (see FIG. figures 4 and 5 ).

Advantageously, but not mandatory, the burner 4 is cylindrical, of longitudinal axis X1-X'1. Also preferably, this longitudinal axis X1-X'1 is coaxial with the longitudinal axis X-X 'of the envelope 2.

The burner 4 is preferably gas or fuel oil.

The combustion gases generated by this burner 4 achieve the heating of the fluid contained in the heat exchange device 3.

As can be seen on the figure 3 for example, the outer face 52 of the door 5 is preferably connected to a sleeve 53 for feeding a combustible gas mixture (gas, fuel / air or oil / air for example), and the transfer of this mixture to the burner 4 is through an appropriate opening in the door 5.

As is best seen on the figures 4 and 5 , the zone of the internal face 51 of the door 5 which surrounds the burner 4 is advantageously lined with a heat-resistant and thermally insulating material 54 and a seal 55.

The door 5 is pivotally mounted about a pivot 6, itself supported and fixed at the end or substantially at the end of a slide 7. Said slide 7 is guided and slidably mounted relative to guiding means 8 provided on the outer face of the casing 2.

According to a possible embodiment, the door 5 is provided with a plate 56 fixed, for example by means of screws 560, on the outer face 52 of the door. This plate could also be an integral part of the door, if it was molded for example.

The slide 7 is a rectilinear flat strip of small thickness, presenting as can be seen on the figure 1 , a vertical outer face 70, an upper face 71, an opposite lower face 72, a rear end 73 and a front end 74.

Preferably, the upper face 71 and the lower face 72 each have a V shape whose tip is outwardly projecting, in other words they have two sides 711, 712, respectively 721, 722.

As it appears best on the sectional view of the figure 6 , the pivot 6 is fixed, for example by welding, through the front end 74 of the slide 7.

The pivot 6 extends along a vertical axis Z-Z 'perpendicular to the longitudinal axis X2-X'2 of the slideway 7.

The pivot 6 has a threaded blind hole 61 at each of its two ends.

The two high and low edges of the plate 56 are bent horizontally forward to form two wings 561 extending in a plane perpendicular to the axis ZZ '. Each wing 561 is pierced with a hole 5610. The two orifices 5610 are vertically aligned and open each opposite one of the blind holes 61 of the pivot 6.

A stepped screw 562 is screwed into each blind hole 61 through a hole 5610, with a clearance allowing the pivoting of the plate 56 and thus of the door 5 to which it is fixed, around the pivot 6. This pivoting can perform at an angle of at least 180 °.

According to a possible variant embodiment of the invention, the guiding means 8 comprise a plate 80 and four rollers, respectively two rear upper rollers 81 and 82 before and two lower rollers before 83 and rear 84, (see figures 1 and 6 ).

The plate 80 is fixed, for example by welding on the outer face of the casing 2. It has a flat outer face 800.

The rotary rollers 81 to 84 are mounted idle about axes of rotation, respectively 810, 820, 830 and 840, themselves fixed on the outer face 800 of said plate 80.

The axes 810 to 840 are orthogonal to the longitudinal axis X-X 'of the envelope 2.

The rollers 81 to 84 are for example rollers in the form of diabolos having at their periphery an annular groove respectively 811, 821, 831 and 841 whose shape cooperates with that of the upper surface 71 and lower 72 of the slide 7. The shape to two sides of these faces facilitates the self-centering of the slide 7 relative to the rollers.

The slideway 7 is thus guided axially by the guide means 8 along an axis of displacement X2-X'2, which merges with the longitudinal axis X2-X'2 of the slideway 7 and which is also parallel to the longitudinal axis XX 'of the envelope 2.

Advantageously, two of the diagonally opposite rollers, for example here the rollers 81 and 83, are positioned on the plate 80 so as to be fitted on the slide 7 and to facilitate their rolling on the latter. Conversely, the two other rollers located on the opposite diagonal, for example here the rollers 82 and 84, are arranged on the plate 80 so as to have a slight clearance with respect to the slide 7, which ensures the movement of the slide 7 but avoids jamming caused by dimension dispersions or the geometry and assembly of the different parts of the system.

The slide 7 is thus guided axially along the axis of displacement X2-X'2 and in two opposite directions, so that it can move in a given path between an end position called "retracted", illustrated on the figure 2 , in which its rear end 73 is close to the rear end 25 of the casing 2 and an opposite end position, called "exit", represented on the figures 3 and 4 in which its rear end 73 is moved towards the guide means 8.

Advantageously, the rear end 73 of the slide 7 has a rear stop, here in the form of two projecting fingers 75 extending parallel to the axis ZZ 'of the pivot 6. This stop 75 limits the race slide 7 forward and avoids its complete disengagement from the guide means 8 when in the "out" position.

The slide 7 is dimensioned and guided so that its stroke along the axis X2-X'2 is greater than the length of the burner 4, so as to allow the total extraction of this burner out of the casing 2.

Finally, it will be noted that the slide 7 can not slide off the rollers 81 to 84 towards the rear because of the presence of the pivot 6 which serves as a stop.

Advantageously also, the front end 74 of the slide 7 is provided with a slot 76 perpendicular to the axis X2-X2 and orthogonal to the axis ZZ 'of the pivot 6. This light 76, passes through the slide 7 of apart. In addition, the door 5 has at its periphery, on its face facing the pivot 6, a blind hole (not visible in the figures) located in the extension of the light 76 when the door 5 is in the closed position. A detachable pin 77 can be inserted into the lumen 76 and into the hole opposite the door 5 so as to maintain the locked door 5 in a position perpendicular to the slide 7 during the movement of the latter.

In the closed position of the door 5, the gastightness must be ensured. To do this, the door 5 is advantageously screwed on the facade 23.

Advantageously, the door 5 is also provided with one or more handle (s) 58 for its manipulation, which are fixed on its outer face 52.

The kinematics of opening and closing of the door 5 will now be described in connection with the Figures 2 to 5 .

The figure 2 represents the position of use of the heat exchanger 1, wherein the burner 4 is active and warms the fluid flowing in the heat exchange device 3. In this position, the door 5 is in the closed position, it closes the access opening 230 and the slide 7 in the retracted position.

When the operator wishes to perform a maintenance operation, he stops the operation of the burner 4. He can then, by pulling on the handles 58, slide the slide 7 to bring it into its extended position, shown on the figure 3 . The slide 7 is thus moved until its limit stop 75 comes into abutment against the rollers 81 and 84. The pin 77 is still in place, so that the door 5 remains perpendicular to the slide 7. The door 5 is then in a position called "spaced", in which it is spaced from the access opening 230.

In addition, the length of the slide 7 and the positioning of its rear stop 75 having been adapted according to the size of the burner 4, it is completely outside the fireplace 30.

The operator then removes the pin 77 so as to allow the pivoting movement of the door 5, towards the front of the exchanger 1, around the pivot 6, to bring the latter into a so-called "inverted" position, represented on the figure 4 .

In this inverted position, the door 5 has rotated by at least 180 °. The burner 4 is previously completely out of the casing 2, it is not likely to collide with the exchange device 3.

Finally, the operator can also push the door 5 so as to return the slide 7 to its retracted position and thus reach the arrangement shown in FIG. figure 5 . In the latter position, access to the combustion chamber 30 is total, which facilitates maintenance operations. It is the same for the burner 4 which, when the door 5 has rotated 180 °, is thus fully accessible.

When the maintenance operations are completed, the operator can then move the door 5 forward, so as to bring the slide 7 back into position. exit position ( figure 4 ), then rotate the door 5 by 180 ° to bring it back to the position figure 3 , lock the pin 77 in the slot 76, push the door 5 and the slide 7 so as to bring the slide into its retracted position and the door 5 in its closed position.

In general, the invention is particularly well suited for a burner 4 whose size (length and width dimensions) is such that the door 5 could not be opened without the risk of damaging the device 3 if it were equipped with a simple hinge as in the state of the art.

Claims (9)

Heat exchanger (1) comprising a gastight envelope (2) containing a heat exchange device (3) and delimiting a combustion chamber (30), said envelope (2) being provided with an access opening ( 230) and a door (5) adapted to close said access opening, said door (5) being provided with a burner (4), in particular gas or oil, projecting from its inner face (51). ), characterized in that said door (5) is pivotally mounted about a pivot (6) fixed at the end or substantially to the so-called "front" end (74) of a slide (7), in that that said casing (2) is provided on its outer surface guide means (8) that can axially guiding said slide (7) along an axis X2-X'2 movement which extends parallel to longitudinal axis XX 'of said envelope (2), in that the pivot (6) extends along an axis ZZ' perpendicular to said axis of displacement X2-X'2, and in that that the stroke of said slide (7) is greater than the length of the burner (4), so that said door (5) can be moved from a closed position, in which it closes the access opening (230) of said envelope (2), to a so-called "spaced" position, in which it is spaced from this access opening (230) and in which the burner (4) is outside the envelope (2), and conversely said door (5) being pivotable about the pivot (6) when in said "spread" position. Heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that the door (5) is pivotable about the pivot (6) at an angle of at least 180 °. Heat exchanger according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the slide (7) is provided with an end stop (75) which prevents it from leaving the guide means (8). Heat exchanger according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the slide (7) is a strip having an upper face (71) and a lower face (72) and in that the guide means (8) comprise two upper rotary rollers (81, 82) and two diabolo-shaped lower rotary rollers (83, 84), mounted idle, provided with a groove (810, 820, 830, 840) whose profile corresponds to that of said upper faces ( 71) and lower (72) of the slide. Heat exchanger according to claim 4, characterized in that the upper face (71) and the lower face (72) of the slide have the form of a V salient with two sides (711, 712, 721, 722). Heat exchanger according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a plate (56) is fixed on the outer face (52) of the door (5) and has two projecting wings (561) which extend into a plane perpendicular to the axis ZZ 'of the pivot (6), in that each flange (561) is pierced with an orifice (5610), in that the pivot (6) has a blind hole (61) at each at both ends thereof and in that a shoulder screw (562) is screwed into each blind hole (61) through the orifice (5610) in the wing so as to allow the door (5) to pivot. around the pivot (6). Heat exchanger according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said door (5) is provided with locking means (77) preventing its pivoting about the pivot (6) relative to said slide (7) and maintaining it in a position where it is perpendicular to the axis of displacement (X2-X'2) of said slide (7). Heat exchanger according to claim 7, characterized in that the slide (7) is provided at its front end with a light (76) passing through it from one side to the other, in that the door (5) has at its periphery, on its face facing the pivot (6), a blind hole and in that said locking means comprise a removable pin (77), configured to be inserted through said slot (76), in said blind hole, thereby blocking the pivotal movement of the door (5) relative to the slide (7). Heat exchanger according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the door (5) is provided with at least one handle (58) on its outer face (52).

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