EP3353108B1 - Surveillance device for a lift system - Google Patents
Surveillance device for a lift system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3353108B1 EP3353108B1 EP16774893.8A EP16774893A EP3353108B1 EP 3353108 B1 EP3353108 B1 EP 3353108B1 EP 16774893 A EP16774893 A EP 16774893A EP 3353108 B1 EP3353108 B1 EP 3353108B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- monitoring device
- assembly
- limit value
- brake
- elevator
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 claims description 128
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 52
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 241000282414 Homo sapiens Species 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 24
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 20
- 238000004422 calculation algorithm Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006399 behavior Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012790 confirmation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036461 convulsion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B1/00—Control systems of elevators in general
- B66B1/24—Control systems with regulation, i.e. with retroactive action, for influencing travelling speed, acceleration, or deceleration
- B66B1/28—Control systems with regulation, i.e. with retroactive action, for influencing travelling speed, acceleration, or deceleration electrical
- B66B1/32—Control systems with regulation, i.e. with retroactive action, for influencing travelling speed, acceleration, or deceleration electrical effective on braking devices, e.g. acting on electrically controlled brakes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B5/00—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators
- B66B5/0006—Monitoring devices or performance analysers
- B66B5/0018—Devices monitoring the operating condition of the elevator system
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B19/00—Mining-hoist operation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B5/00—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators
- B66B5/02—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators responsive to abnormal operating conditions
- B66B5/04—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators responsive to abnormal operating conditions for detecting excessive speed
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B5/00—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators
- B66B5/02—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators responsive to abnormal operating conditions
- B66B5/04—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators responsive to abnormal operating conditions for detecting excessive speed
- B66B5/06—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators responsive to abnormal operating conditions for detecting excessive speed electrical
Definitions
- the invention relates to a monitoring device for an elevator installation, a mounting device for mounting shaft equipment and a method for monitoring a mounting platform.
- Elevator systems are or will be installed in a building.
- the elevator system consists essentially of an elevator car, which is connected by means of suspension with a counterweight or with a second elevator car.
- a drive which acts selectively on the suspension means or directly on the elevator car or the counterweight, the elevator car and in a counter direction to the counterweight along substantially vertical guide rails is moved.
- the lift system is used to move people and goods within the building over single or multiple floors.
- the elevator system includes means to secure the elevator car in case of failure of the drive or the suspension means. These braking devices or safety devices are usually used, which can slow down the elevator car on the guide rails in case of need.
- Such elevator systems are assembled in the building. This means that shaft material has to be installed in a lift shaft. For this purpose often mounting platforms are used. Such systems are known.
- the preassembled elevator car or parts thereof is used as an assembly platform.
- a speed limiter is used to monitor the mounting platform.
- the mounting platform includes safety gears, which are actuated by the speed limiter, if necessary.
- a braking device for securing an elevator car during assembly trips is presented.
- a braking device of the mounting platform is either operated or released.
- the invention aims to provide a monitoring device that is easy to use, safe to use and where possible reusable.
- An assembly platform which is used for mounting shaft material of an elevator system is provided with electromechanically actuated safety gears. Furthermore, a monitoring device is provided on the mounting platform. The monitoring device is intended for use in the future elevator installation and is designed to monitor movements of an elevator cage of the future elevator installation. The assembly platform will thus be used to create the future elevator system. The monitoring device is designed to monitor during the assembly time movements of the mounting platform and to monitor the completion of the assembly, the movements of the elevator car.
- the monitoring device includes at least one sensor system for detecting a movement variable of the elevator car and an evaluation device which is designed to evaluate the detected movement variable and to compare it with a limit value or with a set of limit values.
- a signal output is switched and the safety device or a corresponding brake is activated by means of this signal output.
- the monitoring device now comprises a test routine for determining a state of the monitoring device, and the monitoring device selects the limit value from predetermined limit values depending on this state.
- the state of the monitoring device is understood to be an overall state of the monitoring device in a system. This means, for example, that the monitoring device is not connected to required systems which are required for the eventual operation of the monitoring device in the elevator installation. This takes into account the fact that not all elements of the elevator are present at the time of assembly. For example, elevator doors are missing, shaft information transmitters or control signals are missing. Likewise, there is often no or only a temporary power connection. In that the monitoring device itself detects the status or condition of the elevator installation or the monitoring device, it can put itself into a safe installation mode of operation or maintain it as long as necessary elements of the elevator are missing.
- the predetermined limits include at least a mounting limit and a normal operating limit.
- a state of the monitoring device is a mounting state.
- the test routine indicates the mounting condition as long as predetermined connection elements to the monitoring device are missing.
- the monitoring device selects from the predetermined limits as long as the mounting limit, as the test routine indicates the mounting state.
- the evaluation device compares the evaluated amount of movement with the mounting limit value in order to switch the signal output when the installation limit value is exceeded and to activate the brake or the safety gear. This ensures that the assembly platform has a minimum level of protection right from the start and that an assembly team can operate the assembly platform safely.
- At least one assembly limit and a normal operating limit includes each of a set of mounting limits or normal operating limits. The values determined in the set can be adapted to different assembly and normal operating phases or they can be adapted to different movement behaviors such as a jolt, an acceleration, a route or even a driving time.
- the monitoring device in the assembled state further includes a reset function, which resets the signal output and allows a reset of the activated brake or safety gear, the reset function is manually triggered, or is automatically triggered when the evaluation detects an upward movement of the elevator car or the mounting limit during has fallen below a predetermined time.
- This can be reset after setting the mounting platform, this easily.
- the monitoring device actuates the safety gear.
- the safety gear blocks a further downward movement.
- the safety gear is usually self-locking executed. This means that the safety gear must first be unlocked, for example by an upward movement, before it can be disengaged.
- the monitoring device can reset itself.
- the entire safety device can be brought back into the operating state only by an upward movement.
- the monitoring device in the assembled state includes a deadman circuit, so that when unmanned deadman switch the signal output switched and the Brake or the safety gear is activated.
- a deadman circuit so that when unmanned deadman switch the signal output switched and the Brake or the safety gear is activated.
- An installation specialist can load material by means of the assembly platform and move to a mounting location. During loading or during the mounting of material the dead man's circuit is deactivated. This means that the monitoring device triggers the brake or the safety gear, that is, brings it into a braking state.
- the mounting platform is thus fixed to guide rails. This facilitates the work of the mounting platform.
- In order to release the brake or the safety gear or to activate the dead man's circuit is a pedal, or a switch to operate continuously.
- the installation specialist carries this out actively as soon as he wants to deliberately move the mounting platform. As soon as he releases the pedal or the switch, dead man's circuit is deactivated and the monitoring device triggers the brake or the safety gear.
- the pedal or the switch is preferably designed so that the pedal or the switch is not accidentally pressed.
- connection device which supplies the monitoring device with electrical energy in the assembled state.
- the connection device in one embodiment includes a power supply for connection to a local electrical mains.
- the connection device includes, for example, a buffer that can bridge short-term power outages.
- connection device includes an energy module with at least one electrical energy store.
- the energy store is designed to operate the monitoring device together with the associated brake or safety gear.
- the energy store is preferably interchangeable if necessary.
- the monitoring device can be operated substantially independent of the network.
- energy storage devices are used, as they are used for battery-powered craft devices, such as a cordless screwdriver. These are easy to recharge and quickly exchangeable.
- the energy module or the electrical energy store is provided with a charge control, which indicates an insufficient charge reserve.
- the monitoring device activates the brake or safety gear when it falls below a predetermined charge reserve. This gives the assembly staff a good overview and can swap or recharge the energy storage in good time.
- the terminal or power module includes a latch that maintains power to the monitor during replacement of the electrical energy store. This keeps downtimes short.
- the connection device includes display elements for displaying an operating state of the monitoring device or also for displaying a driving speed.
- this requires at most a further connection to the monitoring device, which can be realized, for example, via a communication connection point.
- the sensor system for detecting the amount of movement includes at least two redundantly operating acceleration sensors, which detect an acceleration of the elevator car.
- the assembly limit value indicates a limit acceleration and the signal output for activating the brake or the safety gear is switched when the detected acceleration exceeds the specified limit acceleration at most during a predetermined period of time.
- the mounting limit indicates an allowable mounting speed and the signal output for activating the brake or the safety gear is switched when a speed value determined from the detected accelerations exceeds the indicated allowable mounting speed.
- Acceleration sensors are particularly well suited because they work environment independent. You do not need an external interface. They can be built as an integral part of the monitoring device. Preferably, the monitoring device may already be mounted in the manufacturing plant on the mounting platform.
- the assembly limit determines a travel speed of preferably about 0.3 m / s (meters per second), but not more than 0.5 m / s.
- the assembly limit value determines, for example as a further assembly limit value, a maximum acceleration of the acceleration due to gravity corresponding to the value of 9.81 m / s 2 (meters per second squared).
- the maximum installation limit is preferably set at a maximum of 6.0 m / s 2.
- the installation limit value can also provide a time-weighted release.
- the limit design preferably takes into account a characteristic of movement means, which are used to move the mounting platform. Typical means of movement here are a cable pulling device, a chain hoist or other lifting means.
- Typical means of movement are a cable pulling device, a chain hoist or other lifting means.
- the maximum speed must be at Mounting runs must be 0.5 m / s, or the monitoring device must activate the brake or safety gear no later than at a speed of 0.5 m / s. With the mounting limit of 0.3 m / s, there is sufficient safety distance to this safety-approved speed.
- the safety regulations may vary from country to country. Accordingly, the limits to be monitored can be defined differently.
- the assembly limit value comprises a time-weighted driving speed. This implies that, for example, when exceeding a travel speed of 0.2 m / s for a long time - which may mean, for example, that the mounting platform due to overload too fast slides down - the signal output for activation of the brake or the safety gear is switched.
- another state of the monitoring device is a normal state and the test routine indicates the normal state as soon as predetermined connection elements are connected to the monitoring device or are ready for operation. Accordingly, the monitoring device selects the normal operating limit value from the predetermined limit values as soon as the test routine indicates the normal state and the evaluation device compares the evaluated movement variable with the normal operating limit value in order to switch the signal output and activate the brake or the safety gear when the normal operating limit value is exceeded.
- the monitoring device can be seamlessly placed in a normal operating mode, which allows a normal operation of the monitoring device.
- this step takes place when the mounting platform with cabin components, such as cabin, walls, car doors, roof and necessary controls is removed and the elevator system is provided with drive means, suspension cables and elevator control. From the time of the normal state, the monitoring device only releases operation of the elevator installation if the connected elements indicate a condition plausible for the sensor system of the monitoring device.
- a changeover from the assembled state to the normal state is linked to further conditions.
- an electronic confirmation of a completed decrease in quality of the cabin may be required.
- the predetermined connection elements comprise at least one speed sensor, in particular a tachometer, for detecting a driving speed or a displacement sensor for the detection of distance units or a positioning system.
- at least one further movement signal is usually used in addition to acceleration sensors. This further movement signal is used for the mutual plausibility check and for the refined exact evaluation of the movement process.
- Speed sensor and displacement sensor for example in the form of an incremental encoder, are driven, for example, by deflection rollers or guide rollers.
- the evaluation device thus uses, in the normal state, calculation algorithms which compute all the detected motion quantities with one another in order to arrive at a so-called verified or safe movement variable.
- these devices are usually not yet available, and the corresponding slots in the monitoring device are not occupied. Therefore, the absence of this or these devices can be used as an indication that the elevator system is not yet fully assembled and that it can therefore only be operated in the assembly mode.
- the evaluation device can thus use in the assembled state possibly other calculation algorithms, which are defined taking into account the available motion variables in the assembled state. This allows specific, assembly-related movement quantities to be monitored. This results in a secure solution, since in the assembled state, therefore, only an operation with the lowest driving speeds is necessarily possible, as long as the further motion signal or other relevant connection elements are missing.
- the predetermined connection elements comprise a connection to an elevator control, to a safety circuit or to a power supply.
- status information is often exchanged between elevator control and monitoring device. This can be maintenance information, operating information, etc. Such status information can be exchanged, for example via a bus connection such as a CAN bus.
- the monitoring device is usually involved in a safety circuit of the elevator system. The monitoring device opens, for example, this safety circuit when it detects an uncontrolled travel movement of the elevator car or of course, when the safety gear is operated. An interruption of the safety circuit causes a shutdown of a lift drive.
- a power supply usually takes place from a central power supply of the elevator installation. A lack of one or more of these connection elements can now also be used as an indication that the elevator system is not yet fully assembled and therefore it can only be operated in the assembly mode.
- the monitoring device can detect a lack of a connection element, for example, because a detection signal of the connection element is missing, a reference resistor is missing, contacts are bridged by an assembly plug or a bridgehead, for example a ground signal is missing, a reflection signal of a code reader is missing, that a request of the Monitoring device via the bus connection is not answered or incorrectly answered that a switch that is actuated by a connection element, is not actuated or that other characteristic values of a connecting element to be connected missing.
- slots may be provided with bridgeheads during manufacture, which in the monitoring device provides a simple detection of the state of the monitoring device.
- a method for mounting an elevator system provides that a movable mounting platform is mounted in the elevator shaft for the purpose of assembly. This is preferably done as soon as the lowest guide rails are installed in the elevator shaft.
- the assembly platform may include parts of the future cabin floor, but it may also be a special work platform.
- a monitoring device and at least one brake or a safety gear is mounted and electrically connected to each other. The monitoring device and the brake or safety gear can at best be mounted on the mounting platform prior to assembly. This is especially useful if the future cabin floor is used as an assembly platform.
- the monitoring device is connected to a usually temporary power supply.
- the monitoring device recognizes essentially automatically that important connection elements, such as an elevator control, a safety circuit or possibly additional motion sensors are missing or not connected. As long as such connection elements are missing, the monitoring device is in an assembled state and allows only limited small or slow movements in this state. This assembly work can be carried out safely.
- a deadman circuit is further attached to the mounting platform and connected to the monitoring device.
- the mounting platform is always secured by means of the brake or the safety gear, if no conscious operation of the dead man's circuit takes place.
- the monitoring device automatically switches to a normal state as soon as essential or classified as important connection elements are connected. This allows a simple and safe transition to the normal operating phase. It can be special
- the same components that have already been used to secure the state of assembly are also used for the operation of the elevator system. This is particularly advantageous if, as already stated, the cabin floor is already equipped with the required components in the production plant.
- An elevator installation 1, as shown schematically in FIG. 3 is shown in the assembled state, includes an elevator car 4, which is designed for the transport of persons or goods.
- the elevator car essentially comprises a car floor 12a and a car body 5 with walls, doors, ceiling and other facilities required for operating the elevator car.
- the elevator car 4 is guided along guide rails 10, 11 and, in the exemplary embodiment, it is supported by carrying means 16 via carrying rollers 6.
- the support means 16 are connected to a drive 2, which can move the elevator car accordingly.
- the drive 2 can be controlled or regulated.
- the elevator car 4 has a position determining system 30.
- the elevator controller 3 uses the position and movement information of the position determining system 30 to control the drive.
- the position determining system 30 includes a coded tape 30a laid along a travel path of the elevator car 4 and a code reader 30b disposed on the elevator car 4, which can read the code of the tape 30a and transform it into path units or position data.
- the elevator car 4 further comprises a brake or a catching device 7 which, if necessary, can be brought into engagement with the guide rail 10, 11, around the elevator car decelerate and hold.
- a pair of brakes or safety gear 7 is used, which can cooperate with the arranged on both sides of the elevator car 4 guide rails 10, 11.
- the brakes or safety gears 7 are controlled or regulated by a monitoring device 22.
- the monitoring device 22 has a sensor system 23 for detecting movement variables of the elevator car 4.
- data of the position determination system 30 but also internal sensors can be used. For security reasons, it is desired that different sensors acquire the movement data so that secure data can be generated.
- the monitoring device 22 is connected to the brakes or safety gears 7 in order to actuate them, that is, to brake the elevator car or to release it.
- the monitoring device 22 is further connected to a voltage source 33 and is usually connected to the elevator control 3 by means of a communication interface 31 such as a CAN bus.
- the monitoring device is usually integrated in a safety circuit 32. With an actuation of the brakes or safety gears 7, the safety circuit of the elevator installation is usually controlled in such a way that the drive of the elevator installation is shut down.
- first guide rails 10 are installed in the areas of the lower end of the driving shaft.
- the mounting platform 12 is installed.
- the mounting platform 12 can be raised and lowered by a traction means 13 which is installed or fixed in an upper portion of the driving shaft 17.
- the mounting platform 12 is guided by means of the first guide rails 10.
- the future cabin floor 12a or parts of the elevator car 4 can be used as an assembly platform 12.
- the assembly platform 12 At the assembly platform 12 at most components such as the future support rollers 6 are already pre-assembled.
- the brakes or safety gear 7 are mounted on the mounting platform 12 and they serve in cooperation with the guide rails 10, 11 as parking brakes to secure the mounting platform.
- the monitoring device 22 is further grown.
- the monitoring device 22 is intended for use in the future elevator installation 1 and is accordingly designed to monitor movements of an elevator cage 4 of the future elevator installation 1.
- the monitoring device 22 is now designed to be both during the assembly time to monitor the movements of the mounting platform 12 and monitor the movements of the elevator car 4 after completion of the assembly.
- the elevator control 3 or it lacks a proper power supply.
- the safety circuit is still missing and the coded band of the position determination system 30 is also missing.
- Corresponding connection places 27 on the monitoring device 22 are therefore not occupied and, instead of a proper power supply, according to the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 1 a connection device 14 is provided, which supplies the monitoring device 22 and the associated brakes or safety gears 7 with required energy, preferably electrical energy.
- connection element 27 is missing.
- the monitoring device detects this, for example, that a detection signal of the connection element is missing, that a reference resistor is missing, that contacts are bridged by mounting plug, that, for example, a ground signal is missing, that a reflection signal of a code reader is missing, that a switch, which is actuated by a connection element , is not actuated or that other characteristic values of a connection element to be connected are missing.
- a detection signal of the connection element is missing
- a reference resistor is missing
- contacts are bridged by mounting plug
- a ground signal is missing
- a reflection signal of a code reader is missing
- a switch which is actuated by a connection element
- the monitoring device 22 includes the sensor 23 for detecting a movement amount of the elevator car. In the execution according to FIG. 2 these are two redundantly operating acceleration sensors 43, 43a.
- the two acceleration sensors 43, 43a detect motion quantities of the mounting platform 12 in the form of accelerations.
- the two acceleration sensors 43, 43a are part of the monitoring device 22.
- the monitoring device 22 is connected via signal outputs 26 to the brakes or safety gears 7. Furthermore, by means of the connection device 14, an at least temporary power supply is provided.
- the remaining connecting elements 27, in particular the connection to the elevator control 3, the connection of the safety circuit 32 and in the present case the connection of an external sensor for detecting the movement of the elevator car, such as a speed sensor 28, a displacement sensor 29 or the coded band 30 a of Positioning system 30 is missing.
- a check routine 25 arranged in the monitoring device 22 detects the absence of one or all of these connection elements 27 and sets the monitoring device 22 or an evaluation device 24 of the monitoring device 22 into the assembled state 49 or leaves the monitoring device 22 in the assembled state.
- At least one limit value 51 which limits the movement parameters of the mounting platform 12, is set according to a mounting limit value 50. In many cases, instead of a single limit value 51, a set of limit values is used, as explained in the general part. In the following, when we speak of limit value 51, a set of limit values is included.
- the corresponding evaluation algorithm, as well as the corresponding assembly limit value 50, is stored in a parameter set 54, which is assigned to the mounting state 49.
- the parameter set 54 thus includes predetermined limit values 52 which are assigned to the corresponding state.
- the mounting limit values 50 include permissible driving speeds and include permissible acceleration values as well as any time ranges during which certain acceleration values or driving speeds may not be exceeded.
- the mounting limits 50 are, as also explained in the general part of the description, tailored to the needs of the assembly.
- the monitoring device 22 In the assembled state 49, the monitoring device 22 thus adopts the limit value or values 51 from the predetermined limit values 52 of the corresponding parameter set 54.
- the evaluation device 24 now compares the movement quantities determined from the signals of the two acceleration sensors 43, 43a, in particular a movement speed and a current acceleration state with the mounting limit values 50. As soon as the corresponding assembly limit values are exceeded, the signal output 26 or the signal outputs 26 are switched and the brakes or safety gears 7 are actuated. It should be noted that the brakes or safety gear 7 are usually designed so that they are kept open under energization and that they are forcibly operated when the current is removed, so close. Switching the signal output 26 thus means that the signal output is de-energized.
- connection device 14 which supplies the monitoring device 22 and the associated brakes or safety gears 7 with required energy.
- a connection device 14 is in FIG. 5 explained in more detail.
- the terminal device 14 includes a power module 14a in the form of a rechargeable electric energy storage 14b.
- the energy store 14b is designed to operate the monitoring device 22 together with the associated brake or catching device 7.
- the energy storage 14b is interchangeable if necessary.
- the energy storage 14b may be a battery. The battery can be charged in a corresponding charger. Of course, a connection to an on-site power supply is possible.
- connection device 14 is provided with a charge control 14d.
- a charge reserve can be assessed.
- the brake or safety gear can be activated when falling below a predetermined charge reserve.
- the terminal device 14 includes an optional latch 14c which maintains a power supply to the monitor during replacement of the electrical energy storage.
- Connection device 14 shown further includes optional display elements 46 for indicating an operating state of the monitoring device. In some cases, an indication of an instantaneous driving speed can also be made. If necessary, a connection of the communication port 31 of the monitoring device 22 is used for this purpose.
- the connection device 14 As a special feature, the connection device 14 according to FIG. 5 a deadman circuit 44.
- This deadman circuit 44 causes the brake or the safety gear 7 to be operated when the deadman circuit is not operated.
- a pedal 45 is arranged on the connection device 14. A fitter operates the pedal 45 with his foot. If the pedal 45 is not operated, the monitoring device 22 actuates the brake or catching device 7.
- the mounting platform 12 is usually, if it is not aware in the driving mode by the brake or safety gear 7 fixed. That means she is quiet for assembly work and does not move. If the mounting platform 12 are moved, the fitter is aware of the pedal, whereby the monitoring device 22, the brake or safety gear 7 opens. By operating the traction means 13 or an associated lifting device then the mounting platform can be moved.
- the lift shaft 17, the elevator car as in FIG. 3 completed. That is, the cabin assembly 5 is assembled on the mounting platform 12, which thereby becomes the cabin floor 12a.
- the connection of the safety circuit 32 and in the present case also the position determination system 30 are connected to the monitoring device 22.
- the temporary terminal device 14 is removed and via the terminal 33, the monitoring device 22 is connected to the ordinary voltage network of the elevator system.
- the check routine 25 arranged in the monitoring device 22 now recognizes that the required connection elements 27 are connected and sets the monitoring device 22 or the evaluation device 24 of the monitoring device 22 into a normal state 47.
- the evaluation device 24 is given an evaluation algorithm or a calculation algorithm which relates to the evaluation of the two acceleration sensors 43, 43a and the connected position determination system 30 and that the limit value 51 or the set of limit values which limit the motion parameters of the elevator car 4 are defined in accordance with normal operating limit values 48.
- the corresponding evaluation algorithm, as well as the corresponding preset limit values 52 and the corresponding normal operating limit values 48 are stored in the parameter set 54, which is assigned to the normal state 47.
- the normal operating limit values 48 include maximum permissible travel speeds, possibly taking into account a position of the elevator car 4 in the lift shaft 17, and include permissible acceleration values as well as any time ranges during which certain acceleration values or other quantities of motion may not be exceeded.
- a plurality of normal states 47 can be stored, which are then selected, for example, for a service or maintenance drive or else for trips in case of fire or the like.
- the shown embodiment is changeable.
- other sensors may be used to detect motion quantities.
- an incremental encoder may be used which is driven, for example, by a carrying roller
- a speed sensor may be used which is driven, for example, by a guide roller or, of course, a sound-based device may also be used to detect travel movements.
- a sound-based device may also be used to detect travel movements.
- connection elements 27 and sensors used correspondingly different evaluation routines are used in the assembled state 49.
- connection device 14 shown can also be varied.
- the dead man's circuit can be realized separately, separated from terminal device.
- connection elements 27 do not have to be separate connection positions. Terminal strips with connection points, optical interfaces or even wireless connection points can be used.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Maintenance And Inspection Apparatuses For Elevators (AREA)
- Indicating And Signalling Devices For Elevators (AREA)
- Elevator Control (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Überwachungseinrichtung für eine Aufzugsanlage, eine Montageeinrichtung zur Montage von Schachtausrüstung und ein Verfahren zur Überwachung einer Montageplattform.The invention relates to a monitoring device for an elevator installation, a mounting device for mounting shaft equipment and a method for monitoring a mounting platform.
Aufzugsanlagen sind oder werden in einem Gebäude eingebaut. Die Aufzugsanlage besteht im Wesentlichen aus einer Aufzugskabine, welche über Tragmittel mit einem Gegengewicht oder mit einer zweiten Aufzugskabine verbunden ist. Mittels eines Antriebs, der wahlweise auf die Tragmittel oder direkt auf die Aufzugskabine oder das Gegengewicht einwirkt, wird die Aufzugskabine und in einer Gegenrichtung dazu das Gegengewicht entlang von im Wesentlichen vertikalen Führungsschienen verfahren. Die Aufzugsanlage wird verwendet, um Personen und Güter innerhalb des Gebäudes über einzelne oder mehrere Etagen hinweg zu befördern. Die Aufzugsanlage beinhaltet Vorrichtungen, um die Aufzugskabine im Falle des Versagens des Antriebs oder der Tragmittel zu sichern. Dazu sind in der Regel Bremseinrichtungen oder Fangvorrichtungen verwendet, welche im Bedarfsfalle die Aufzugskabine auf den Führungsschienen abbremsen können. Derartige Aufzugsanlagen werden im Gebäude zusammengebaut. Dies bedeutet, dass in einem Fahrschacht Schachtmaterial eingebaut werden muss. Dazu werden oftmals Montageplattformen verwendet. Derartige Systeme sind bekannt.Elevator systems are or will be installed in a building. The elevator system consists essentially of an elevator car, which is connected by means of suspension with a counterweight or with a second elevator car. By means of a drive which acts selectively on the suspension means or directly on the elevator car or the counterweight, the elevator car and in a counter direction to the counterweight along substantially vertical guide rails is moved. The lift system is used to move people and goods within the building over single or multiple floors. The elevator system includes means to secure the elevator car in case of failure of the drive or the suspension means. These braking devices or safety devices are usually used, which can slow down the elevator car on the guide rails in case of need. Such elevator systems are assembled in the building. This means that shaft material has to be installed in a lift shaft. For this purpose often mounting platforms are used. Such systems are known.
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In der
Bei den vorgestellten Systemen ist ein im Schacht montiertes Betätigungselement oder ein temporärer Geschwindigkeitsbegrenzer erforderlich. Dies ist aufwändig und teilweise schwierig zu installieren, da dazu obere Schachtbereiche zugänglich sein müssen.The systems presented require a shaft mounted actuator or temporary speed limiter. This is complex and sometimes difficult to install, as this upper bay areas must be accessible.
Die Erfindung bezweckt die Bereitstellung einer Überwachungseinrichtung, die einfach in der Handhabung, sicher in der Anwendung und nach Möglichkeit weiterverwendbar ist.The invention aims to provide a monitoring device that is easy to use, safe to use and where possible reusable.
Die im Folgenden beschriebenen Lösungen ermöglichen zumindest einzelne dieser Anforderungen optimal zu erfüllen.The solutions described below make it possible to optimally fulfill at least some of these requirements.
Eine Montageplattform, welche zur Montage von Schachtmaterial einer Aufzugsanlage verwendet wird, ist mit elektromechanisch betätigbaren Fangvorrichtungen versehen. Im Weiteren ist an der Montageplattform eine Überwachungseinrichtung vorgesehen. Die Überwachungseinrichtung ist für eine Verwendung in der zukünftigen Aufzugsanlage vorgesehen und sie ist ausgelegt, um Bewegungen einer Aufzugskabine der zukünftigen Aufzugsanlage zu Überwachen. Die Montageplattform wird somit zum Erstellen der zukünftigen Aufzugsanlage verwendet. Die Überwachungseinrichtung ist ausgelegt, um während der Montagezeit Bewegungen der Montageplattform zu überwachen und nach Vollendung der Montage die Bewegungen der Aufzugskabine zu überwachen. Die Überwachungseinrichtung beinhaltet dazu zumindest eine Sensorik zur Erfassung einer Bewegungsgrösse der Aufzugskabine und eine Auswerteeinrichtung, welche ausgeführt ist, um die erfasste Bewegungsgrösse auszuwerten und mit einem Grenzwert oder mit einem Set von Grenzwerten zu vergleichen. Bei einer Überschreitung des Grenzwerts oder von zumindest einem der Grenzwerte wird ein Signalausgang geschaltet und mittels dieses Signalausgangs wird die Fangvorrichtung oder eine entsprechende Bremse aktiviert. Damit können im Rahmen einer Installation der Aufzugsanlage bereits die für den Betrieb der Aufzugsanlage erforderlichen Sicherheitselemente verwendet werden. Dies ist besonders vorteilhaft, wenn als Montageplattform beispielsweise ein Kabinenboden der zukünftigen Aufzugskabine verwendet wird.An assembly platform, which is used for mounting shaft material of an elevator system is provided with electromechanically actuated safety gears. Furthermore, a monitoring device is provided on the mounting platform. The monitoring device is intended for use in the future elevator installation and is designed to monitor movements of an elevator cage of the future elevator installation. The assembly platform will thus be used to create the future elevator system. The monitoring device is designed to monitor during the assembly time movements of the mounting platform and to monitor the completion of the assembly, the movements of the elevator car. For this purpose, the monitoring device includes at least one sensor system for detecting a movement variable of the elevator car and an evaluation device which is designed to evaluate the detected movement variable and to compare it with a limit value or with a set of limit values. If the limit value or at least one of the limit values is exceeded, a signal output is switched and the safety device or a corresponding brake is activated by means of this signal output. Thus, in the context of an installation of the elevator system already required for the operation of the elevator installation security elements can be used. This is particularly advantageous if, for example, a cabin floor of the future elevator car is used as the mounting platform.
In einer Lösungsvariante umfasst die Überwachungseinrichtung nun eine Prüfroutine zur Feststellung eines Zustands der Überwachungseinrichtung und die Überwachungseinrichtung wählt den Grenzwert aus vorgegebenen Grenzwerten abhängig von diesem Zustand. Unter Zustand der Überwachungseinrichtung ist ein Gesamtzustand der Überwachungseinrichtung in einer Anlage verstanden. Dies bedeutet beispielsweise, dass die Überwachungseinrichtung nicht mit benötigten Systemen verbunden ist, welche zum schlussendlichen Betrieb der Überwachungseinrichtung in der Aufzugsanlage erforderlich sind. Damit ist der Tatsache Rechnung getragen, dass zum Zeitpunkt der Montage nicht alle Elemente des Aufzugs vorhanden sind. So fehlen beispielsweise Aufzugstüren, es fehlen Schachtinformationsgeber oder Steuersignale. Ebenso existiert oftmals keine oder lediglich ein provisorischer Stromanschluss. Dadurch, dass die Überwachungseinrichtung selbst den Status oder Zustand der Aufzugsanlage beziehungsweise der Überwachungseinrichtung feststellt, kann sie sich selbst in einen sicheren Montagebetriebsmodus versetzen oder diesen beibehalten, solange notwendige Elemente des Aufzugs fehlen.In one variant of the solution, the monitoring device now comprises a test routine for determining a state of the monitoring device, and the monitoring device selects the limit value from predetermined limit values depending on this state. The state of the monitoring device is understood to be an overall state of the monitoring device in a system. This means, for example, that the monitoring device is not connected to required systems which are required for the eventual operation of the monitoring device in the elevator installation. This takes into account the fact that not all elements of the elevator are present at the time of assembly. For example, elevator doors are missing, shaft information transmitters or control signals are missing. Likewise, there is often no or only a temporary power connection. In that the monitoring device itself detects the status or condition of the elevator installation or the monitoring device, it can put itself into a safe installation mode of operation or maintain it as long as necessary elements of the elevator are missing.
In einer Ausführung umfassen die vorgegebenen Grenzwerte zumindest einen Montagegrenzwert und einen Normalbetriebsgrenzwert. Im Weiteren ist ein Zustand der Überwachungseinrichtung ein Montagezustand. Die Prüfroutine gibt den Montagezustand solange an, wie vorbestimmte Anschlusselemente zur Überwachungseinrichtung fehlen. Die Überwachungseinrichtung wählt aus den vorgegebenen Grenzwerten solange den Montagegrenzwert aus, wie die Prüfroutine den Montagezustand angibt. Solange die Prüfroutine den Montagezustand angibt, vergleicht die Auswerteeinrichtung die ausgewertete Bewegungsgrösse mit dem Montagegrenzwert, um bei einer Überschreitung des Montagegrenzwerts den Signalausgang zu schalten und die Bremse oder die Fangvorrichtung zu aktivieren. Damit ist für die Montageplattform eine Mindestabsicherung, von Beginn weg, gegeben und ein Montageteam kann die Montagplattform sicher betreiben. Zumindest einen Montagegrenzwert und einen Normalbetriebsgrenzwert beinhaltet, dass jeweils ein Set von Montagegrenzwerten oder Normalbetriebsgrenzwerten vorliegen kann. Die im Set bestimmten Werte können auf verschiedene Montage- und Normalbetriebsphasen abgestimmt sein oder sie können auf unterschiedliche Bewegungsverhalten wie einen Ruck, eine Beschleunigung, eine Fahrstrecke oder auch eine Fahrzeit abgestimmt sein.In one embodiment, the predetermined limits include at least a mounting limit and a normal operating limit. In addition, a state of the monitoring device is a mounting state. The test routine indicates the mounting condition as long as predetermined connection elements to the monitoring device are missing. The monitoring device selects from the predetermined limits as long as the mounting limit, as the test routine indicates the mounting state. As long as the test routine indicates the mounting state, the evaluation device compares the evaluated amount of movement with the mounting limit value in order to switch the signal output when the installation limit value is exceeded and to activate the brake or the safety gear. This ensures that the assembly platform has a minimum level of protection right from the start and that an assembly team can operate the assembly platform safely. At least one assembly limit and a normal operating limit includes each of a set of mounting limits or normal operating limits. The values determined in the set can be adapted to different assembly and normal operating phases or they can be adapted to different movement behaviors such as a jolt, an acceleration, a route or even a driving time.
In einer Ausführung beinhaltet die Überwachungseinrichtung im Montagezustand weiter eine Rückstellfunktion, welche den Signalausgang zurückstellt und eine Rückstellung der aktivierten Bremse oder Fangvorrichtung ermöglicht, wobei die Rückstellfunktion manuell auslösbar ist, oder selbsttätig auslösbar ist, wenn die Auswerteeinrichtung eine Aufwärtsbewegung der Aufzugskabine feststellt oder der Montagegrenzwert während einer vorbestimmten Zeit unterschritten ist. Damit kann nach einem Festsetzen der Montagplattform, diese einfach wieder zurückgestellt werden. So betätigt beispielsweise bei einem unerwarteten Ruck abwärts die Überwachungseinrichtung die Fangvorrichtung. Die Fangvorrichtung blockiert eine weitere Abwärtsbewegung. Die Fangvorrichtung ist üblicherweise selbstsperrend ausgeführt. Dies bedeutet, dass die Fangvorrichtung zuerst, beispielsweise durch eine Aufwärtsbewegung entsperrt werden muss, bevor sie ausser Eingriff gebracht werden kann. Somit kann die Überwachungseinrichtung sobald sie feststellt, dass die Montagplattform in Ruhe ist oder dass die Fangvorrichtungen betätigt wurden sich selbst wieder zurückstellen. Damit kann die gesamte Sicherheitseinrichtung nur durch eine Aufwärtsbewegung wieder in den Betriebszustand gebracht werden.In one embodiment, the monitoring device in the assembled state further includes a reset function, which resets the signal output and allows a reset of the activated brake or safety gear, the reset function is manually triggered, or is automatically triggered when the evaluation detects an upward movement of the elevator car or the mounting limit during has fallen below a predetermined time. This can be reset after setting the mounting platform, this easily. For example, in the event of an unexpected jerk downwards, the monitoring device actuates the safety gear. The safety gear blocks a further downward movement. The safety gear is usually self-locking executed. This means that the safety gear must first be unlocked, for example by an upward movement, before it can be disengaged. Thus, once the monitoring device determines that the mounting platform is at rest or that the safety gears have been actuated, the monitoring device can reset itself. Thus, the entire safety device can be brought back into the operating state only by an upward movement.
In einer Ausführung beinhaltet die Überwachungseinrichtung im Montagezustand eine Totmannschaltung, so dass bei unbetätigter Totmannschaltung der Signalausgang geschaltet und die Bremse oder die Fangvorrichtung aktiviert ist. Damit kann eine optimale Montagesicherheit erreicht werden. Ein Montagefachmann kann mittels der Montageplattform Material laden und zu einer Montagestelle verfahren. Während dem Beladen oder auch während dem Montieren von Material ist die Totmannschaltung deaktiviert. Dies bedeutet, dass die Überwachungseinrichtung die Bremse oder die Fangvorrichtung auslöst, das heisst in einen bremsenden Zustand bringt. Die Montageplattform ist somit an Führungsschienen fixiert. Dies erleichtert das Arbeiten von der Montageplattform. Um die Bremse oder die Fangvorrichtung zu lösen beziehungsweise die Totmannschaltung zu aktivieren ist ein Pedal, oder ein Schalter dauernd zu betätigen. Der Montagefachmann führt dies aktiv aus, sobald er die Montageplattform bewusste verfahren will. Sobald er das Pedal oder den Schalter loslässt ist Totmannschaltung deaktiviert und die Überwachungseinrichtung löst die Bremse oder die Fangvorrichtung aus. Das Pedal oder der Schalter ist dabei vorzugsweise so ausgeführt, dass das Pedal oder der Schalter nicht versehentlich betätigt wird.In one embodiment, the monitoring device in the assembled state includes a deadman circuit, so that when unmanned deadman switch the signal output switched and the Brake or the safety gear is activated. Thus, an optimal installation security can be achieved. An installation specialist can load material by means of the assembly platform and move to a mounting location. During loading or during the mounting of material the dead man's circuit is deactivated. This means that the monitoring device triggers the brake or the safety gear, that is, brings it into a braking state. The mounting platform is thus fixed to guide rails. This facilitates the work of the mounting platform. In order to release the brake or the safety gear or to activate the dead man's circuit is a pedal, or a switch to operate continuously. The installation specialist carries this out actively as soon as he wants to deliberately move the mounting platform. As soon as he releases the pedal or the switch, dead man's circuit is deactivated and the monitoring device triggers the brake or the safety gear. The pedal or the switch is preferably designed so that the pedal or the switch is not accidentally pressed.
Vorzugsweise ist ein temporäres Anschlussgerät vorgesehen, welches die Überwachungseinrichtung im Montagezustand mit elektrischer Energie versorgt. Dazu beinhaltet das Anschlussgerät in einer Ausführung ein Netzgerät zum Anschluss an ein ortsübliches elektrisches Stromnetz. Damit kann den ortsüblichen Bedingungen einer Bau- oder Montagestelle entsprochen werden. Das Anschlussgerät beinhaltet dabei beispielsweise einen Zwischenspeicher, der kurzzeitige Stromausfälle überbrücken kann.Preferably, a temporary connection device is provided which supplies the monitoring device with electrical energy in the assembled state. For this purpose, the connection device in one embodiment includes a power supply for connection to a local electrical mains. Thus, the local conditions of a construction or assembly site can be met. The connection device includes, for example, a buffer that can bridge short-term power outages.
Alternativ beinhaltet das Anschlussgerät ein Energiemodul mit zumindest einem elektrischen Energiespeicher. Der Energiespeicher ist ausgelegt, die Überwachungseinrichtung zusammen mit der zugehörigen Bremse oder Fangvorrichtung zu betreiben. Der Energiespeicher ist vorzugsweise im Bedarfsfall austauschbar. Damit kann die Überwachungseinrichtung im wesentlichen Netzunabhängig betrieben werden. In einer Variante werden Energiespeicher verwendet, wie sie für Akku betriebene Handwerksgeräte, wie beispielsweise einen Akkuschrauber, verwendet sind. Diese sind einfach aufladbar und schnell tauschbar.Alternatively, the connection device includes an energy module with at least one electrical energy store. The energy store is designed to operate the monitoring device together with the associated brake or safety gear. The energy store is preferably interchangeable if necessary. Thus, the monitoring device can be operated substantially independent of the network. In one variant, energy storage devices are used, as they are used for battery-powered craft devices, such as a cordless screwdriver. These are easy to recharge and quickly exchangeable.
Vorzugsweise ist das Energiemodul oder der elektrische Energiespeicher mit einer Ladungskontrolle versehen, welche eine ungenügende Ladungsreserve anzeigt. Vorteilhafterweise aktiviert dabei die Überwachungseinrichtung bei Unterschreitung einer vorbestimmten Ladungsreserve die Bremse oder Fangvorrichtung. Damit hat das Montagepersonal einen guten Überblick und kann den Energiespeicher rechtzeitig tauschen oder Nachladen.Preferably, the energy module or the electrical energy store is provided with a charge control, which indicates an insufficient charge reserve. Advantageously, the monitoring device activates the brake or safety gear when it falls below a predetermined charge reserve. This gives the assembly staff a good overview and can swap or recharge the energy storage in good time.
In einer Ausführung umfasst das Anschlussgerät oder das Energiemodul einen Zwischenspeicher, der eine Energieversorgung der Überwachungseinrichtung während einem Austauschen des elektrischen Energiespeichers aufrecht hält. Damit werden Unterbruchzeiten kurz gehalten.In one embodiment, the terminal or power module includes a latch that maintains power to the monitor during replacement of the electrical energy store. This keeps downtimes short.
In einer Ausführung beinhaltet das Anschlussgerät Anzeigeelemente zur Anzeige eines Betriebszustands der Überwachungseinrichtung oder auch zur Anzeige einer Fahrgeschwindigkeit. Allerdings ist dazu allenfalls eine weitere Verbindung zur Überwachungseinrichtung erforderlich, welche beispielsweise über eine Kommunikationsanschlussstelle realisiert werden kann.In one embodiment, the connection device includes display elements for displaying an operating state of the monitoring device or also for displaying a driving speed. However, this requires at most a further connection to the monitoring device, which can be realized, for example, via a communication connection point.
In einer Ausführung beinhaltet die Sensorik zur Erfassung der Bewegungsgrösse zumindest zwei redundant arbeitende Beschleunigungssensoren, die eine Beschleunigung der Aufzugskabine erfassen. Dabei gibt der Montagegrenzwert eine Grenzbeschleunigung an und der Signalausgang zur Aktivierung der Bremse oder der Fangvorrichtung wird geschaltet, wenn die erfasste Beschleunigung die angegebene Grenzbeschleunigung allenfalls während einer vorbestimmten Zeitspanne überschreitet. Alternativ gibt der Montagegrenzwert eine zulässige Montagegeschwindigkeit an und der Signalausgang zur Aktivierung der Bremse oder der Fangvorrichtung wird geschaltet, wenn ein aus den erfassten Beschleunigungen ermittelter Geschwindigkeitswert die angegebene zulässige Montagegeschwindigkeit überschreitet. Beschleunigungssensoren sind besonders gut geeignet, da sie Umgebungsunabhängig arbeiten. Sie benötigen keine äussere Schnittstelle. Sie können als integrierter Bestandteil der Überwachungseinrichtung gebaut werden. Vorzugsweise kann die Überwachungseinrichtung bereits im Herstellwerk an der Montageplattform angebracht sein.In one embodiment, the sensor system for detecting the amount of movement includes at least two redundantly operating acceleration sensors, which detect an acceleration of the elevator car. In this case, the assembly limit value indicates a limit acceleration and the signal output for activating the brake or the safety gear is switched when the detected acceleration exceeds the specified limit acceleration at most during a predetermined period of time. Alternatively, the mounting limit indicates an allowable mounting speed and the signal output for activating the brake or the safety gear is switched when a speed value determined from the detected accelerations exceeds the indicated allowable mounting speed. Acceleration sensors are particularly well suited because they work environment independent. You do not need an external interface. They can be built as an integral part of the monitoring device. Preferably, the monitoring device may already be mounted in the manufacturing plant on the mounting platform.
In einer Ausführung bestimmt der Montagegrenzwert einer Fahrgeschwindigkeit von vorzugsweise etwa 0.3 m/s (Meter pro Sekunde), jedoch von maximal 0.5 m/s. Alternativ oder ergänzend bestimmt der Montagegrenzwert beispielsweise als weiteren Montagegrenzwert einer Grenzbeschleunigung von maximal der Erdbeschleunigung entsprechend dem Wert von 9.81 m/s2 (Meter pro Sekunde im Quadrat). Vorzugsweise ist der Montagegrenzwert jedoch bei maximal 6.0 m/s2 festgelegt. Ergänzend dazu kann beispielsweise der Montagegrenzwert auch eine zeitlich gewichtete Auslösung vorsehen. Wird dabei ein vorbestimmter Beschleunigungswert von beispielsweise 6.0 m/s2 nur kurzzeitig beispielsweise während weniger als 50 ms überschritten, erfolgt noch keine Auslösung. Sobald diese Beschleunigung länger als eine vorbestimmte Zeitspanne von beispielsweise 50 ms registriert wird, wird der Signalausgang zur Aktivierung der Bremse oder der Fangvorrichtung geschaltet. Die Grenzwertgestaltung berücksichtigt dabei vorzugsweise eine Charakteristik von Bewegungsmitteln, welche zum Bewegen der Montageplattform verwendet werden. Typische Bewegungsmittel sind hierbei eine Seilzugvorrichtung, ein Kettenzug oder andere Hebemittel. Gemäss Sicherheitsvorschriften darf die maximale Geschwindigkeit bei Montagefahrten 0.5 m/s betragen, beziehungsweise die Überwachungseinrichtung muss spätestens bei einer Geschwindigkeit von 0.5 m/s die Bremse oder die Fangvorrichtung aktivieren. Mit dem Montaggrenzwert von 0.3 m/s ist ein genügender Sicherheitsabstand zu dieser von den Sicherheitsvorschriften zugelassenen Geschwindigkeit vorhanden. Die Sicherheitsvorschriften können landesspezifisch unterschiedlich sein. Dementsprechend können die zu überwachenden Grenzwerte unterschiedlich definiert sein.In one embodiment, the assembly limit determines a travel speed of preferably about 0.3 m / s (meters per second), but not more than 0.5 m / s. Alternatively or additionally, the assembly limit value determines, for example as a further assembly limit value, a maximum acceleration of the acceleration due to gravity corresponding to the value of 9.81 m / s 2 (meters per second squared). However, the maximum installation limit is preferably set at a maximum of 6.0 m /
Alternativ oder ergänzend umfasst der Montagegrenzwert eine zeitlich gewichtete Fahrgeschwindigkeit. Dies beinhaltet, dass beispielsweise bei Überschreitung einer Fahrgeschwindigkeit von 0.2 m/s während längerer Zeit - was beispielsweise bedeuten kann, dass die Montageplattform wegen Überladung zu schnell abwärts gleitet - der Signalausgang zur Aktivierung der Bremse oder der Fangvorrichtung geschaltet wird.Alternatively or additionally, the assembly limit value comprises a time-weighted driving speed. This implies that, for example, when exceeding a travel speed of 0.2 m / s for a long time - which may mean, for example, that the mounting platform due to overload too fast slides down - the signal output for activation of the brake or the safety gear is switched.
In einer alternativen oder vorzugsweise in einer ergänzenden Ausführung ist ein anderer Zustand der Überwachungseinrichtung ein Normalzustand und die Prüfroutine gibt den Normalzustand an, sobald vorbestimmte Anschlusselemente zur Überwachungseinrichtung angeschlossen oder in Betriebsbereitschaft sind. Dementsprechend wählt die Überwachungseinrichtung aus den vorgegebenen Grenzwerten den Normalbetriebsgrenzwert, sobald die Prüfroutine den Normalzustand angibt und die Auswerteeinrichtung vergleicht die ausgewertete Bewegungsgrösse mit dem Normalbetriebsgrenzwert, um bei einer Überschreitung des Normalbetriebsgrenzwerts den Signalausgang zu schalten und die Bremse oder die Fangvorrichtung zu aktivieren. Damit kann die Überwachungseinrichtung nahtlos in einen Normalbetriebsmodus versetzt werden, der einen Normalbetrieb der Überwachungseinrichtung ermöglicht. Üblicherweise erfolgt dieser Schritt, wenn die Montageplattform mit Kabinenbauteilen, wie Kabinenkörper, Wände, Kabinentüren, Dach und erforderlichen Steuerelementen ausgebaut ist und die Aufzugsanlage mit Antriebsmitteln, Tragseilen und Aufzugssteuerung versehen ist. Ab dem Zeitpunkt des Normalzustands gibt die Überwachungseinrichtung einen Betrieb der Aufzugsanlage nur frei, wenn die angeschlossenen Elemente einen zur Sensorik der Überwachungseinrichtung plausiblen Zustand angeben.In an alternative or preferably in a supplementary embodiment, another state of the monitoring device is a normal state and the test routine indicates the normal state as soon as predetermined connection elements are connected to the monitoring device or are ready for operation. Accordingly, the monitoring device selects the normal operating limit value from the predetermined limit values as soon as the test routine indicates the normal state and the evaluation device compares the evaluated movement variable with the normal operating limit value in order to switch the signal output and activate the brake or the safety gear when the normal operating limit value is exceeded. Thus, the monitoring device can be seamlessly placed in a normal operating mode, which allows a normal operation of the monitoring device. Typically, this step takes place when the mounting platform with cabin components, such as cabin, walls, car doors, roof and necessary controls is removed and the elevator system is provided with drive means, suspension cables and elevator control. From the time of the normal state, the monitoring device only releases operation of the elevator installation if the connected elements indicate a condition plausible for the sensor system of the monitoring device.
Allenfalls ist eine Umschaltung vom Montagezustand zum Normalzustand an weitere Bedingungen geknüpft. So kann beispielsweise eine elektronische Bestätigung einer erfolgten Qualitätsabnahme der Kabine gefordert sein.At best, a changeover from the assembled state to the normal state is linked to further conditions. Thus, for example, an electronic confirmation of a completed decrease in quality of the cabin may be required.
In einer Ausführung wertet die Auswerteeinrichtung im Normalzustand die erfassten Bewegungsgrössen unter Berücksichtigung der vorbestimmten Anschlusselemente aus. In einer Ausführung beinhalten die vorbestimmten Anschlusselemente zumindest einen Geschwindigkeitssensor, insbesondere einen Tachometer, zur Erfassung einer Fahrgeschwindigkeit oder einen Wegsensor zur Erfassung zurückgelegter Wegeinheiten oder einen Positionsbestimmungssystem. Zur sicheren Überwachung der Aufzugsbewegungen im Normalbetrieb wird in der Regel neben Beschleunigungssensoren zumindest ein weiteres Bewegungssignal verwendet. Dieses weitere Bewegungssignal wird zur gegenseitigen Plausibilitätskontrolle und zur verfeinerten genauen Auswertung des Bewegungsvorgangs verwendet. Geschwindigkeitssensor und Wegsensor, beispielsweise in Form eines Inkrementalencoders, werden beispielsweise von Umlenkrollen oder Führungsrollen getrieben. Die Auswerteeinrichtung verwendet somit im Normalzustand Rechenalgorithmen, welche alle erfassten Bewegungsgrössen miteinander verrechnet um zu einer sogenannten verifizierten oder sicheren Bewegungsgrösse zu gelangen. In der Montagephase der Aufzugsanlage sind diese Geräte in der Regel noch nicht vorhanden, und die entsprechenden Steckplätze bei der Überwachungseinrichtung sind nicht belegt. Deswegen kann die Absenz dieses oder dieser Geräte als Indiz verwendet werden, dass die Aufzugsanlage noch nicht fertig montiert ist und dass sie deswegen nur im Montagebetrieb betrieben werden kann. Die Auswerteeinrichtung kann somit im Montagezustand allenfalls andere Rechenalgorithmen verwenden, welche unter Berücksichtigung der im Montagezustand verfügbaren Bewegungsgrössen definiert sind. Damit können spezifische, montagebezogene Bewegungsgrössen überwacht werden. Dies ergibt insofern eine sichere Lösung, da im Montagezustand somit zwingend nur ein Betrieb mit kleinsten Fahrgeschwindigkeiten möglich ist, solange das weitere Bewegungssignal oder andere relevante Anschlusselemente fehlen.In an embodiment evaluates the evaluation in the normal state, the detected quantities of motion taking into account the predetermined connection elements. In one embodiment, the predetermined connection elements comprise at least one speed sensor, in particular a tachometer, for detecting a driving speed or a displacement sensor for the detection of distance units or a positioning system. For safe monitoring of the elevator movements in normal operation, at least one further movement signal is usually used in addition to acceleration sensors. This further movement signal is used for the mutual plausibility check and for the refined exact evaluation of the movement process. Speed sensor and displacement sensor, for example in the form of an incremental encoder, are driven, for example, by deflection rollers or guide rollers. The evaluation device thus uses, in the normal state, calculation algorithms which compute all the detected motion quantities with one another in order to arrive at a so-called verified or safe movement variable. In the assembly phase of the elevator system, these devices are usually not yet available, and the corresponding slots in the monitoring device are not occupied. Therefore, the absence of this or these devices can be used as an indication that the elevator system is not yet fully assembled and that it can therefore only be operated in the assembly mode. The evaluation device can thus use in the assembled state possibly other calculation algorithms, which are defined taking into account the available motion variables in the assembled state. This allows specific, assembly-related movement quantities to be monitored. This results in a secure solution, since in the assembled state, therefore, only an operation with the lowest driving speeds is necessarily possible, as long as the further motion signal or other relevant connection elements are missing.
In einer ergänzenden oder alternativen Ausgestaltung beinhalten die vorbestimmten Anschlusselemente einen Anschluss an eine Aufzugssteuerung, an einen Sicherheitskreis oder an eine Spannungsversorgung. Im Normalbetrieb werden oftmals zwischen Aufzugssteuerung und Überwachungseinrichtung Statusinformationen ausgetauscht. Dies können Wartungsinformationen, Betriebsinformationen, etc. sein. Derartige Statusinformationen können beispielsweise über eine Bus-Verbindung wie einen CAN Bus ausgetauscht werden. Andererseits ist die Überwachungseinrichtung in der Regel in einen Sicherheitskreis der Aufzugsanlage eingebunden. Die Überwachungseinrichtung öffnet beispielsweise diesen Sicherheitskreis, wenn sie eine unkontrollierte Fahrbewegung der Aufzugskabine feststellt oder natürlich, wenn die Fangvorrichtung betätigt wird. Ein Unterbruch des Sicherheitskreises bewirkt ein Stillsetzen eines Aufzugantriebs. Eine Spannungsversorgung erfolgt im Normalbetrieb in der Regel von einer zentralen Spannungsversorgung der Aufzugsanlage. Ein Fehlen eines oder mehrerer dieser Anschlusselemente kann nun ebenso als Indiz verwendet werden, dass die Aufzugsanlage noch nicht fertig montiert ist und sie deswegen nur im Montagebetrieb betrieben werden kann.In a supplementary or alternative embodiment, the predetermined connection elements comprise a connection to an elevator control, to a safety circuit or to a power supply. In normal operation, status information is often exchanged between elevator control and monitoring device. This can be maintenance information, operating information, etc. Such status information can be exchanged, for example via a bus connection such as a CAN bus. On the other hand, the monitoring device is usually involved in a safety circuit of the elevator system. The monitoring device opens, for example, this safety circuit when it detects an uncontrolled travel movement of the elevator car or of course, when the safety gear is operated. An interruption of the safety circuit causes a shutdown of a lift drive. In normal operation, a power supply usually takes place from a central power supply of the elevator installation. A lack of one or more of these connection elements can now also be used as an indication that the elevator system is not yet fully assembled and therefore it can only be operated in the assembly mode.
Die Überwachungseinrichtung kann ein Fehlen eines Anschlusselementes beispielsweise daran erkennen, dass ein Erkennungssignal des Anschlusselements fehlt, dass ein Referenzwiderstand fehlt, dass Kontakte durch Montagestecker oder einen Brückenkopf überbrückt sind, dass beispielsweise ein Massesignal ausbleibt, dass ein Reflexionssignal eines Codelesers fehlt, dass eine Anfrage der Überwachungseinrichtung über die Bus-Verbindung nicht beantwortet oder fehlerhaft beantwortet wird, dass ein Schalter, der durch ein Anschlusselement, betätigt wird, nicht betätigt ist oder dass andere charakteristische Werte eines anzuschliessenden Anschlusselements fehlen.The monitoring device can detect a lack of a connection element, for example, because a detection signal of the connection element is missing, a reference resistor is missing, contacts are bridged by an assembly plug or a bridgehead, for example a ground signal is missing, a reflection signal of a code reader is missing, that a request of the Monitoring device via the bus connection is not answered or incorrectly answered that a switch that is actuated by a connection element, is not actuated or that other characteristic values of a connecting element to be connected missing.
In einer Ausführung können Steckplätze bei der Herstellung mit Brückenköpfen versehen werden, welche in der Überwachungseinrichtung eine einfache Erkennung des Zustands der Überwachungseinrichtung.In one embodiment, slots may be provided with bridgeheads during manufacture, which in the monitoring device provides a simple detection of the state of the monitoring device.
Vorzugsweise sieht ein Verfahren zur Montage einer Aufzugsanlage vor, dass im Aufzugsschacht zum Zwecke der Montage eine verfahrbare Montageplattform montiert wird. Dies erfolgt vorzugsweise sobald unterste Führungsschienen im Aufzugsschacht installiert sind. Die Montageplattform kann Teile des zukünftigen Kabinenbodens beinhalten, sie kann aber auch eine spezielle Arbeitsbühne sein. Auf oder an der Montageplattform wird eine Überwachungseinrichtung und zumindest eine Bremse oder eine Fangvorrichtung angebracht und miteinander elektrisch verbunden. Die Überwachungseinrichtung und die Bremse oder Fangvorrichtung können allenfalls bereits vor der Montage der Montageplattform an dieser angebracht sein. Dies ist vor allem sinnvoll wenn als Montageplattform der zukünftige Kabinenboden verwendet wird. Die Überwachungseinrichtung wird an eine in der Regel temporäre Energieversorgung angeschlossen. Die Überwachungseinrichtung erkannt im Wesentlichen selbsttätig, dass wichtige Anschlusselemente, wie eine Aufzugssteuerung, ein Sicherheitskreis oder allenfalls zusätzliche Bewegungssensoren fehlen beziehungsweise nicht angeschlossen sind. Solange derartige Anschlusselemente fehlen, befindet sich die Überwachungseinrichtung in einem Montagezustand und sie lässt in diesem Zustand lediglich begrenzte kleine oder langsame Bewegungen zu. Damit können Montagearbeiten sicher durchgeführt werden.Preferably, a method for mounting an elevator system provides that a movable mounting platform is mounted in the elevator shaft for the purpose of assembly. This is preferably done as soon as the lowest guide rails are installed in the elevator shaft. The assembly platform may include parts of the future cabin floor, but it may also be a special work platform. On or at the mounting platform, a monitoring device and at least one brake or a safety gear is mounted and electrically connected to each other. The monitoring device and the brake or safety gear can at best be mounted on the mounting platform prior to assembly. This is especially useful if the future cabin floor is used as an assembly platform. The monitoring device is connected to a usually temporary power supply. The monitoring device recognizes essentially automatically that important connection elements, such as an elevator control, a safety circuit or possibly additional motion sensors are missing or not connected. As long as such connection elements are missing, the monitoring device is in an assembled state and allows only limited small or slow movements in this state. This assembly work can be carried out safely.
In einer ergänzenden Stufe wird an der Montageplattform weiter eine Totmannschaltung angebracht und mit der Überwachungseinrichtung verbunden. Damit wird die Montageplattform immer mittels der Bremse oder der Fangvorrichtung gesichert, wenn keine bewusste Betätigung der Totmannschaltung erfolgt.In a supplementary stage, a deadman circuit is further attached to the mounting platform and connected to the monitoring device. Thus, the mounting platform is always secured by means of the brake or the safety gear, if no conscious operation of the dead man's circuit takes place.
Weiter schaltet die Überwachungseinrichtung selbsttätig in einen Normalzustand, sobald essentielle oder als wichtig eingestufte Anschlusselemente angeschlossen werden. Damit ist ein einfacher und sicherer Übergang in die Normalbetriebsphase ermöglicht. Es können im Besonderen dieselben Komponenten die schon zur Sicherung des Montagezustands verwendet wurden auch für den Betrieb der Aufzugsanlage verwendet werden. Besonders vorteilhaft ist dies, wen wie schon ausgeführt der Kabinenboden bereits im Herstellwerk mit den erforderlichen Komponenten bestückt wird.Next, the monitoring device automatically switches to a normal state as soon as essential or classified as important connection elements are connected. This allows a simple and safe transition to the normal operating phase. It can be special The same components that have already been used to secure the state of assembly are also used for the operation of the elevator system. This is particularly advantageous if, as already stated, the cabin floor is already equipped with the required components in the production plant.
Im Folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen im Zusammenhang mit den schematischen Figuren beispielhaft erläutert.In the following, the invention will be explained by way of example with reference to exemplary embodiments in conjunction with the schematic figures.
Es zeigen:
- Figur 1:
- eine Montageeinrichtung mit angebauter Überwachungseinrichtung,
- Figur 2:
- eine Überwachungseinrichtung in einem Montagezustand,
- Figur 3:
- eine Aufzugsanlage mit angebauter Überwachungseinrichtung,
- Figur 4:
- die Überwachungseinrichtung in einem Normalzustand,
- Figur 5:
- Ein Anschlussgerät mit integrierter Totmannschaltung.
- FIG. 1:
- a mounting device with mounted monitoring device,
- FIG. 2:
- a monitoring device in an assembled state,
- FIG. 3:
- an elevator system with attached monitoring device,
- FIG. 4:
- the monitoring device in a normal state,
- FIG. 5:
- A connection device with integrated deadman circuit.
In den Figuren sind für gleichwirkende Teile über alle Figuren hinweg dieselben Bezugszeichen verwendet.In the figures, the same reference numerals are used across the figures for equivalent parts.
Eine Aufzugsanlage 1, wie sie schematisch in
Die Aufzugskabine 4 umfasst weiter eine Bremse oder eine Fangvorrichtung 7, welche im Bedarfsfall mit der Führungsschiene 10, 11 in Eingriff gebracht werden kann, um die Aufzugskabine abzubremsen und festzuhalten. Dazu ist ein Paar von Bremsen oder Fangvorrichtungen 7 verwendet, welche mit den beidseitig der Aufzugskabine 4 angeordneten Führungsschienen 10, 11 zusammenwirken können. Die Bremsen oder Fangvorrichtungen 7 sind von einer Überwachungseinrichtung 22 gesteuert oder geregelt. Die Überwachungseinrichtung 22 verfügt über eine Sensorik 23 zum Erfassen von Bewegungsgrössen der Aufzugskabine 4. Dazu können Daten des Positionsbestimmungssystems 30 aber auch interne Sensoren verwendet werden. Aus Sicherheitsgründen ist erwünscht, dass verschiedene Sensoren die Bewegungsdaten erfassen, so dass sichere Daten generiert werden können. Die Überwachungseinrichtung 22 ist natürlich mit den Bremsen oder Fangvorrichtungen 7 verbunden, um diese zu betätigen, das heisst die Aufzugskabine zu bremsen, oder um diese freizugeben. Die Überwachungseinrichtung 22 ist weiter an eine Spannungsquelle 33 angeschlossen und sie ist in der Regel mittels einer Kommunikationsschnittstelle 31 wie einem CAN-Bus mit der Aufzugssteuerung 3 verbunden. Weiter ist die Überwachungseinrichtung in der Regel in einen Sicherheitskreis 32 eingebunden. Mit einer Betätigung der Bremsen oder Fangvorrichtungen 7 wird in der Regel der Sicherheitskreis der Aufzugsanlage derart angesteuert, dass der Antrieb der Aufzugsanlage stillgesetzt wird.The
Beim Aufbau der Aufzugsanlage werden viele Teilgruppen der Aufzugsanlage 1 in einem Montageprozess in einem Fahrschacht 17 nach einem vorgegebenen Ablauf auf- und eingebaut. Dazu wird vielfach, wie in
An der Montageplattform 12 ist weiter die Überwachungseinrichtung 22 angebaut. Die Überwachungseinrichtung 22 ist für eine Verwendung in der zukünftigen Aufzugsanlage 1 vorgesehen und sie ist dementsprechend ausgelegt, um Bewegungen einer Aufzugskabine 4 der zukünftigen Aufzugsanlage 1 zu überwachen. Die Überwachungseinrichtung 22 ist nun ausgelegt, dass sie sowohl während der Montagezeit die Bewegungen der Montageplattform 12 überwachen als auch nach Vollendung der Montage die Bewegungen der Aufzugskabine 4 überwachen kann. Wie in
Die Überwachungseinrichtung 22 erkennt nun, dass relevante Anschlusselemente 27 fehlen. Die Überwachungseinrichtung erkennt dies beispielsweise daran, dass ein Erkennungssignal des Anschlusselements fehlt, dass ein Referenzwiderstand fehlt, dass Kontakte durch Montagestecker überbrückt sind, dass beispielsweise ein Massesignal ausbleibt, dass ein Reflexionssignal eines Codelesers fehlt, dass ein Schalter, der durch ein Anschlusselement, betätigt wird, nicht betätigt ist oder dass andere charakteristische Werte eines anzuschliessenden Anschlusselements fehlen. Dies sind Beispiele die vom Fachmann ausgestaltet oder auch ergänzt werden können. In einem weiteren Beispiel kann das Fehlen des Anschlusses zur Aufzugssteuerung 3 daran erkannt werden, dass eine Anfrage der Überwachungseinrichtung 22 über die Bus-Verbindung oder die entsprechende Kommunikationsschnittstelle 31 nicht beantwortet oder fehlerhaft beantwortet wird. Solange diese Anschlusselemente oder zumindest eine Auswahl vorbestimmter Anschlusselemente fehlen beharrt die Überwachungseinrichtung 22 in einem Montagezustand 49, wie es nun im Zusammenhang mit
Die Überwachungseinrichtung 22 beinhaltet die Sensorik 23 zur Erfassung einer Bewegungsgrösse der Aufzugskabine. In der Ausführung gemäss
Die Auswerteeinrichtung 24 vergleicht nun die aus den Signalen der beiden Beschleunigungssensoren 43, 43a ermittelten Bewegungsgrössen, im Besonderen eine Bewegungsgeschwindigkeit und einen aktuellen Beschleunigungszustand mit den Montagegrenzwerten 50. Sobald die entsprechenden Montagegrenzwerte überschritten werden, wird der Signalausgang 26 oder die Signalausgänge 26 geschaltet und die Bremsen oder Fangvorrichtungen 7 werden betätigt. Hierbei ist anzumerken, dass die die Bremsen oder Fangvorrichtungen 7 in der Regel derart konstruiert sind, dass sie unter Bestromung offengehalten sind und dass sie bei Wegfall der Bestromung zwangsläufig betätigt werden, also schliessen. Ein Schalten des Signalausgangs 26 bedeutet somit dass der Signalausgang stromlos geschaltet wird.The
Im Weiteren ist auf der die Montageplattform 12 das Anschlussgerät 14 vorgesehen, welches die Überwachungseinrichtung 22 und die zugehörigen Bremsen oder Fangvorrichtungen 7 mit erforderlicher Energie versorgt. Ein derartiges Anschlussgerät 14 ist in
Das Anschlussgerät 14 beinhaltet ein Energiemodul 14a in der Form eines wiederaufladbaren elektrischen Energiespeichers 14b. Der Energiespeicher 14b ist ausgelegt, die Überwachungseinrichtung 22 zusammen mit der zugehörigen Bremse oder Fangvorrichtung 7 zu betreiben. Der Energiespeicher 14b ist im Bedarfsfall austauschbar. Der Energiespeicher 14b kann ein Akku sein. Der Akku kann dabei in einem entsprechenden Ladegerät geladen werden. Selbstverständlich ist auch ein Anschluss an eine bauseitige Stromversorgung möglich.The
In der Ausführung von
Als Besonderheit umfasst das Anschlussgerät 14 gemäss
Ist nun in der gezeigten Art und Weise der Fahrschacht 17 montiert, wird auch die Aufzugskabine wie in
Die in der Überwachungseinrichtung 22 angeordnete Prüfroutine 25 erkennt nun, dass die erforderlichen Anschlusselemente 27 angeschlossen sind und sie setzt die Überwachungseinrichtung 22 beziehungsweise die Auswerteeinrichtung 24 der Überwachungseinrichtung 22 in einen Normalzustand 47. Dies bedeutet, dass der Auswerteeinrichtung 24 ein Auswertealgorithmus oder ein Rechenalgorithmus vorgegeben wird, der sich auf die Auswertung der beiden Beschleunigungssensoren 43, 43a und des angeschlossenen Positionsbestimmungssystems 30 bezieht und dass der Grenzwert 51 beziehungsweise das Set von Grenzwerten, die die Bewegungsparameter der Aufzugskabine 4 limitieren entsprechend von Normalbetriebsgrenzwerten 48 festgelegt werden. Der entsprechende Auswertealgorithmus, wie auch die entsprechenden vorgegebenen Grenzwerte 52 beziehungsweise die entsprechenden Normalbetriebsgrenzwerte 48 sind im Parametersatz 54 hinterlegt, der dem Normalzustand 47 zugeordnet ist. Die Normalbetriebsgrenzwerte 48 umfassen maximal zulässige Fahrgeschwindigkeiten, allenfalls unter Berücksichtigung einer Position der Aufzugskabine 4 im Fahrschacht 17 und sie umfassen zulässige Beschleunigungswerte, wie auch allfällige Zeitbereiche, während denen bestimmte Beschleunigungswerte oder andere Bewegungsgrössen nicht überschritten werden dürfen. Im Parametersatz 54 können mehrere Normalzustände 47 hinterlegt sein, die dann beispielsweise für eine Service- oder Wartungsfahrt oder auch für Fahrten im Brandfall oder ähnlichem ausgewählt werden.The
Die gezeigte Ausführung ist veränderbar. So können anstelle des gezeigten Positionsbestimmungssystems 30 andere Sensoren zur Erfassung von Bewegungsgrössen verwendet werden. So kann beispielsweise ein Inkrementalencoder verwendet sein, der beispielsweise von einer Tragrolle getrieben ist, es kann ein Geschwindigkeitssensor verwendet sein, der beispielsweise von einer Führungsrolle getrieben wird oder es kann natürlich auch ein schallbasiertes Gerät zur Erfassung von Fahrbewegungen verwendet sein. Abhängig von verwendeten Anschlusselementen 27 und Sensoren sind im Montagezustand 49 entsprechend andere Auswerteroutinen verwendet.The shown embodiment is changeable. Thus, instead of the positioning system 30 shown, other sensors may be used to detect motion quantities. Thus, for example, an incremental encoder may be used which is driven, for example, by a carrying roller, a speed sensor may be used which is driven, for example, by a guide roller or, of course, a sound-based device may also be used to detect travel movements. Depending on the
Auch das gezeigte Anschlussgerät 14 ist variierbar. So kann die Totmannschaltung separat, getrennt von Anschlussgerät realisiert sein.The
Die verschiedenen Anschlüsse zum Anschliessen von Anschlusselementen 27 müssen nicht getrennte Anschlusspositionen sein. Es können Anschlussleisten mit Anschlussplätzen, optische Schnittstellen oder auch drahtlose Anschlussstellen verwendet sein.The various connections for connecting
Claims (15)
- Monitoring device (22) for an elevator system (1) having an elevator car (4) for monitoring a movement of the elevator car (4), comprising:- a sensor system (23) for detecting a movement variable (42),- an analysis device (24) that is designed to evaluate the detected movement variable (42) and compare it with a limit value (51) and, if the limit value (51) is exceeded, to trigger a signal output (26) in order to activate a brake or a catching device (7), the monitoring device (22) selecting the limit value (51) from predefined limit values (52) on the basis of a state of the monitoring device (22),characterized in that- the predefined limit values (52) comprise at least one normal operating limit value (48) and the monitoring device (22) indicates a normal state (47) as soon as predetermined connecting elements (27) are connected, in particular in operational readiness, to the monitoring device (22), and in that the monitoring device (22) selects the normal operating limit value (48) from the predefined limit values (52) as soon as the normal state (47) is indicated, and in that the analysis device (24) compares the evaluated movement variable (42) with the normal operating limit value (48), and/or- the predefined limit values (52) comprise an assembly limit value (50),the monitoring device (22) indicates an assembly state (49) as long as predetermined connecting elements (27) are missing from the monitoring device (22), and in that the monitoring device (22) selects the assembly limit value (50) from the predefined limit values (52) as long as the assembly state (49) is indicated, and in that the analysis device (24) compares the evaluated movement variable (42) with the assembly limit value (50).
- Monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that the monitoring device (22) comprises a checking routine (25) for determining the state of the monitoring device (22), and the checking routine (25) indicates the normal state (47) as soon as predetermined connecting elements (27) are connected, in particular in operational readiness, to the monitoring device (22), or the checking routine (25) indicates the assembly state (49) as long as predetermined connecting elements (27) are missing from the monitoring device (22).
- Monitoring device according to either claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the monitoring device (22), in the assembly state (49), further includes a reset function that resets the signal output (26) and allows the activated brake or catching device (7) to be reset, it being possible for the reset function to be initiated manually or to be initiated automatically if the analysis device (24) determines an upward movement of the elevator car (4) or if there is a drop below the assembly limit value (50) during a predetermined period of time.
- Monitoring device according to any of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the monitoring device (22), in the assembly state (49), includes a dead man's switch (44) such that, if the dead man's switch (44) is not actuated, the signal output (26) is triggered and the brake or the catching device (7) is activated.
- Monitoring device according to any of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the sensor system (23) for detecting the movement variable (42) includes at least two redundantly operating acceleration sensors (43, 43a) which detect an acceleration of the elevator car (4), and the assembly limit value (50) indicating a maximum acceleration and the signal output (26) for activating the brake or the catching device (7) being triggered when the detected acceleration exceeds the stated maximum acceleration and/or the assembly limit value (50) indicating a permissible assembly speed and the signal output (26) for activating the brake or the catching device (7) being triggered when a speed value determined from the detected accelerations exceeds the stated permissible assembly speed.
- Monitoring device according to any of the preceding claims 1 to 5, characterized in that- the assembly limit value (50) corresponds to a travel speed of a maximum of 0.5 m/s, but preferably 0.3 m/s, and/or- the assembly limit value (59) corresponds to an acceleration of a maximum of 9.81 m/s2, but preferably 6.0 m/s2, and/or- the assembly limit value (50) corresponds to a temporally weighted acceleration or travel speed, it being possible for a predetermined acceleration value or travel speed value to be exceeded at most during a predetermined period of time.
- Monitoring device according to any of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the analysis device (24), in the normal state (47), evaluates the detected movement variables (42) taking into account the predetermined connecting elements (27).
- Monitoring device according to any of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the predetermined connecting elements (27) include at least one speed sensor (28) for detecting a travel speed or one path sensor (29) for detecting traveled units of a path or one position-determination system (30) or one connection to an elevator control unit (3), to a safety circuit (32) or to a power supply (33).
- Assembly device (8) for assembling shaft equipment for an elevator system (1), comprising a movable assembly platform (12) and comprising a monitoring device (22) according to any of the preceding claims 1 to 8 arranged on the assembly platform (12), and comprising a brake or catching device (7) which is fastened to the assembly platform (12) and is connected to the monitoring device (22) for actuation, and comprising a connecting unit (14) for supplying the monitoring device (22) with electrical energy.
- Assembly device according to claim 9, wherein the connecting unit (14) includes an energy module (14a) having at least one electrical energy storage unit (14b), wherein the energy storage unit (14b) is designed for operating the monitoring device (22) together with the associated brake or catching device (7), and wherein the energy storage unit (14b) is exchangeable or rechargable when needed, or wherein the connecting unit is a power supply unit for connecting to a conventional local electrical power supply.
- Assembly device according to claim 10, wherein the connecting unit (14), the energy module (14a), or the electrical energy storage unit (14b) has a charging control element (14d) that indicates an insufficient charge reserve for the energy storage unit or energy module and wherein the monitoring device (22) activates the brake or catching device (7) should there be a drop below a predetermined charge reserve.
- Assembly device according to claim 11, wherein the connecting unit (14) or the energy module (14a) includes a temporary storage unit (14c) that maintains an energy supply for the monitoring device (22) while the electrical energy storage unit (14b) is being exchanged.
- Assembly device according to any of claims 10 to 12, wherein the connecting unit (14) includes display elements (46) for displaying an operating state of the monitoring device (22) and/or for displaying a travel speed and/or wherein the connecting unit includes switching units for manually resetting and/or actuating a dead man's switch (44).
- Method for assembling an elevator system by means of a monitoring device according to any of claims 1 to 8, the method including the following steps:- assembling a movable assembly platform (12),- arranging the monitoring device (22) and at least one brake or one catching device (7) on the assembly platform (12) and connecting the brake or the catching device (7) to the monitoring device (22),- connecting the monitoring device (22) to a connecting unit (14) for supplying the monitoring device (22) with electrical energy.
- Method according to claim 14, wherein a dead man's switch (44) is connected to the monitoring device (22) and wherein the brake or the catching device (7) is activated if the dead man's switch (44) is not actuated.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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EP15186871 | 2015-09-25 | ||
PCT/EP2016/072483 WO2017050857A1 (en) | 2015-09-25 | 2016-09-22 | Monitoring device for an elevator system |
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EP3353108A1 EP3353108A1 (en) | 2018-08-01 |
EP3353108B1 true EP3353108B1 (en) | 2019-11-27 |
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EP16774893.8A Active EP3353108B1 (en) | 2015-09-25 | 2016-09-22 | Surveillance device for a lift system |
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US (1) | US10781074B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP3353108B1 (en) |
KR (1) | KR102633879B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN108025892B (en) |
BR (1) | BR112018005385B1 (en) |
MX (1) | MX2018003520A (en) |
MY (1) | MY190853A (en) |
RU (1) | RU2717604C2 (en) |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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EP3459890B1 (en) * | 2017-09-20 | 2024-04-03 | Otis Elevator Company | Health monitoring of safety braking systems for elevators |
CN109039210A (en) * | 2018-08-16 | 2018-12-18 | 乔思淼 | A kind of rate controlling elevator of safe operation |
DE202018104891U1 (en) | 2018-08-24 | 2018-10-08 | Wittur Holding Gmbh | Safety brake device for assembly operation |
US12006184B2 (en) * | 2019-05-13 | 2024-06-11 | Otis Elevator Company | Elevator health status ranking out of acceleration maximum values |
EP3848313B1 (en) * | 2020-01-09 | 2023-03-01 | KONE Corporation | Method of position detection of an elevator car |
US20230356982A1 (en) * | 2020-09-04 | 2023-11-09 | Inventio Ag | Control unit |
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JPS56155176A (en) * | 1980-05-02 | 1981-12-01 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Safety device for elevator |
AU737295B2 (en) * | 1997-03-07 | 2001-08-16 | Kone Corporation | Procedure and apparatus for the installation of an elevator |
JP4553535B2 (en) * | 2001-09-28 | 2010-09-29 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Elevator equipment |
FI117239B (en) * | 2001-12-27 | 2006-08-15 | Kone Corp | Security device of an elevator |
US7353916B2 (en) * | 2004-06-02 | 2008-04-08 | Inventio Ag | Elevator supervision |
FI119767B (en) * | 2006-08-14 | 2009-03-13 | Kone Corp | Elevator system and method for ensuring safety in the elevator system |
EP1995203B1 (en) * | 2007-05-24 | 2010-01-27 | Wittur Holding GmbH | Velocity and acceleration monitoring device with electronically actuated servo-start for use in conveyor devices |
WO2009019780A1 (en) * | 2007-08-09 | 2009-02-12 | Mitsubishi Electric Corporation | Elevator speed governor |
EP2315717B1 (en) * | 2008-08-18 | 2013-07-10 | Inventio AG | Method for monitoring a braking system in a lift assembly and corresponding brake monitor for a lift assembly |
AU2010217638B2 (en) * | 2009-02-25 | 2016-07-28 | Inventio Ag | Elevator having a monitoring system |
EP2604566B1 (en) * | 2011-12-12 | 2014-03-26 | Cedes AG | Safety device and lift device |
US20150014098A1 (en) * | 2012-01-25 | 2015-01-15 | Inventio Ag | Method and control device for monitoring travel movements of an elevator car |
ES2597744T3 (en) | 2012-09-14 | 2017-01-20 | Inventio Ag | Actuator device for a safety element |
WO2014060587A1 (en) * | 2012-10-18 | 2014-04-24 | Inventio Ag | Safety device of an elevator system |
WO2014196586A1 (en) | 2013-06-05 | 2014-12-11 | 日新製鋼株式会社 | Steel sheet for steel belt and process for manufacturing same, and steel belt |
-
2016
- 2016-09-22 KR KR1020187008404A patent/KR102633879B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2016-09-22 CN CN201680055339.9A patent/CN108025892B/en active Active
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US10781074B2 (en) | 2020-09-22 |
CN108025892B (en) | 2019-11-22 |
RU2018115218A (en) | 2019-10-28 |
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WO2017050857A1 (en) | 2017-03-30 |
CN108025892A (en) | 2018-05-11 |
BR112018005385B1 (en) | 2022-07-26 |
KR20180061181A (en) | 2018-06-07 |
BR112018005385A2 (en) | 2018-10-09 |
RU2717604C2 (en) | 2020-03-24 |
MY190853A (en) | 2022-05-12 |
KR102633879B1 (en) | 2024-02-05 |
MX2018003520A (en) | 2018-06-18 |
EP3353108A1 (en) | 2018-08-01 |
RU2018115218A3 (en) | 2020-01-20 |
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