EP3350190A1 - Brønsted-saure fluoralkylphosphonate - Google Patents
Brønsted-saure fluoralkylphosphonateInfo
- Publication number
- EP3350190A1 EP3350190A1 EP16759681.6A EP16759681A EP3350190A1 EP 3350190 A1 EP3350190 A1 EP 3350190A1 EP 16759681 A EP16759681 A EP 16759681A EP 3350190 A1 EP3350190 A1 EP 3350190A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- reaction
- formula
- nmr
- compounds
- mmol
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- -1 fluoroalkyl phosphonates Chemical class 0.000 title abstract description 23
- 239000007848 Bronsted acid Substances 0.000 title abstract description 11
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 230000001588 bifunctional effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 61
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 57
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 claims description 32
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000006957 Michael reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005863 Friedel-Crafts acylation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007363 ring formation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000005010 perfluoroalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003547 Friedel-Crafts alkylation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006237 Beckmann rearrangement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005698 Diels-Alder reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005618 Fries rearrangement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007323 disproportionation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005712 Baylis-Hillman reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005821 Claisen rearrangement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006736 Huisgen cycloaddition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006683 Mannich reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003799 Mukaiyama Aldol addition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006680 Reformatsky reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052771 Terbium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006136 alcoholysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005575 aldol reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006208 aza-Diels-Alder reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001728 carbonyl compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006482 condensation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007333 cyanation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052691 Erbium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052693 Europium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052772 Samarium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052769 Ytterbium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005825 carbonyl allylation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010523 cascade reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052706 scandium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- LMBFAGIMSUYTBN-MPZNNTNKSA-N teixobactin Chemical compound C([C@H](C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@H]1C(N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](C[C@@H]2NC(=N)NC2)C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)O[C@H]1C)[C@@H](C)CC)=O)NC)C1=CC=CC=C1 LMBFAGIMSUYTBN-MPZNNTNKSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 59
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 57
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 45
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 41
- 125000006340 pentafluoro ethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)C(F)(F)* 0.000 description 41
- FUSUHKVFWTUUBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N buten-2-one Chemical compound CC(=O)C=C FUSUHKVFWTUUBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 40
- WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic anhydride Chemical compound CC(=O)OC(C)=O WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 39
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 38
- UEZVMMHDMIWARA-UHFFFAOYSA-M phosphonate Chemical compound [O-]P(=O)=O UEZVMMHDMIWARA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 38
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 37
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 36
- YRKCREAYFQTBPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetylacetone Chemical compound CC(=O)CC(C)=O YRKCREAYFQTBPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 36
- 239000007983 Tris buffer Substances 0.000 description 33
- RDOXTESZEPMUJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N anisole Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC=C1 RDOXTESZEPMUJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 30
- NTPLXRHDUXRPNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methoxyacetophenone Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C(C)=O)C=C1 NTPLXRHDUXRPNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 28
- FWFSEYBSWVRWGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohex-2-enone Chemical compound O=C1CCCC=C1 FWFSEYBSWVRWGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 28
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 28
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 27
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 27
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- YLYBTZIQSIBWLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N octyl acetate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCOC(C)=O YLYBTZIQSIBWLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- VTLYFUHAOXGGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe3+ Chemical compound [Fe+3] VTLYFUHAOXGGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 23
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 18
- 238000000425 proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum Methods 0.000 description 17
- JNOGVQJEBGEKMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N (1-methoxy-2-methylprop-1-enoxy)-trimethylsilane Chemical compound COC(=C(C)C)O[Si](C)(C)C JNOGVQJEBGEKMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- UZKWTJUDCOPSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methoxybenzene Substances CCCCOC=C UZKWTJUDCOPSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen chloride Substances Cl.Cl IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 229910000041 hydrogen chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 238000000921 elemental analysis Methods 0.000 description 13
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 12
- 229930194542 Keto Natural products 0.000 description 11
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 125000000468 ketone group Chemical group 0.000 description 11
- 238000004876 x-ray fluorescence Methods 0.000 description 11
- KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Octanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCO KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 10
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 10
- 150000002085 enols Chemical group 0.000 description 10
- LYGJENNIWJXYER-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitromethane Chemical compound C[N+]([O-])=O LYGJENNIWJXYER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 10
- WECJUPODCKXNQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methoxy-4-[(4-methoxyphenyl)methyl]benzene Chemical compound C1=CC(OC)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(OC)C=C1 WECJUPODCKXNQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- RQZJIXZNJBCGQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-acetylheptane-2,6-dione Chemical compound CC(=O)CCC(C(C)=O)C(C)=O RQZJIXZNJBCGQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 9
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- WMXDDHUNNWXJDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(1-hydroxyethylidene)heptane-2,6-dione Chemical class CC(=O)CCC(=C(C)O)C(C)=O WMXDDHUNNWXJDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-FIBGUPNXSA-N acetonitrile-d3 Chemical compound [2H]C([2H])([2H])C#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-FIBGUPNXSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000002329 infrared spectrum Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000001394 phosphorus-31 nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 8
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 238000000806 fluorine-19 nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000000655 nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000002460 vibrational spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 7
- QVNMALVESUWGGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-phenyl-1,3,4,6-tetrahydro-2,5-benzoxazocine-5-carbonitrile Chemical compound C12=CC=CC=C2CN(C#N)CCOC1C1=CC=CC=C1 QVNMALVESUWGGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-MZCSYVLQSA-N Deuterated methanol Chemical compound [2H]OC([2H])([2H])[2H] OKKJLVBELUTLKV-MZCSYVLQSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000002841 Lewis acid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002608 ionic liquid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000007517 lewis acids Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000012043 crude product Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- GRTBAGCGDOYUBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium(3+) Chemical compound [Y+3] GRTBAGCGDOYUBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- FRZPYEHDSAQGAS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 1-butyl-3-methylimidazol-3-ium;trifluoromethanesulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F.CCCC[N+]=1C=CN(C)C=1 FRZPYEHDSAQGAS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-WFGJKAKNSA-N Dimethyl sulfoxide Chemical compound [2H]C([2H])([2H])S(=O)C([2H])([2H])[2H] IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-WFGJKAKNSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Propionate Chemical compound CCC([O-])=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 238000001237 Raman spectrum Methods 0.000 description 4
- KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid trimethyl ester Natural products COC(C)=O KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000007171 acid catalysis Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004255 ion exchange chromatography Methods 0.000 description 4
- ZXHKOSDXLQCBGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 2,2-dimethyl-5-oxohex-3-enoate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)(C)C=CC(C)=O ZXHKOSDXLQCBGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 235000011007 phosphoric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 4
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003930 superacid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 description 4
- IVRZXZRBXXAQBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(3-oxocyclohexyl)pentane-2,4-dione Chemical compound CC(=O)C(C(C)=O)C1CCCC(=O)C1 IVRZXZRBXXAQBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylacetamide Chemical compound CN(C)C(C)=O FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- REDXJYDRNCIFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium(3+) Chemical compound [Al+3] REDXJYDRNCIFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 150000001543 aryl boronic acids Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000019439 ethyl acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 125000003709 fluoroalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 238000006140 methanolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- SUOGORUUKSHYNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 2-methyl-2-(3-oxocyclohexyl)propanoate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)(C)C1CCCC(=O)C1 SUOGORUUKSHYNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000002892 organic cations Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- DLRJIFUOBPOJNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenetole Chemical compound CCOC1=CC=CC=C1 DLRJIFUOBPOJNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 3
- SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver(1+) nitrate Chemical compound [Ag+].[O-]N(=O)=O SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PPTXVXKCQZKFBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N (S)-(-)-1,1'-Bi-2-naphthol Chemical class C1=CC=C2C(C3=C4C=CC=CC4=CC=C3O)=C(O)C=CC2=C1 PPTXVXKCQZKFBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001644 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- PZASAAIJIFDWSB-CKPDSHCKSA-N 8-[(1S)-1-[8-(trifluoromethyl)-7-[4-(trifluoromethyl)cyclohexyl]oxynaphthalen-2-yl]ethyl]-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octane-3-carboxylic acid Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C=1C2=CC([C@@H](N3C4CCC3CC(C4)C(O)=O)C)=CC=C2C=CC=1OC1CCC(C(F)(F)F)CC1 PZASAAIJIFDWSB-CKPDSHCKSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 101710134784 Agnoprotein Proteins 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FAOWTJMKWWKJBF-UHFFFAOYSA-K FC(C(F)(F)F)(F)P(O)([O-])=O.FC(C(F)(F)F)(F)P(O)([O-])=O.FC(C(F)(F)F)(F)P(O)([O-])=O.[Al+3] Chemical compound FC(C(F)(F)F)(F)P(O)([O-])=O.FC(C(F)(F)F)(F)P(O)([O-])=O.FC(C(F)(F)F)(F)P(O)([O-])=O.[Al+3] FAOWTJMKWWKJBF-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphine Chemical compound P XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trifluoroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(F)(F)F DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000010933 acylation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005882 aldol condensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- ORTQZVOHEJQUHG-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Cu]Cl ORTQZVOHEJQUHG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 description 2
- 238000002290 gas chromatography-mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000003136 n-heptyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 125000001280 n-hexyl group Chemical group C(CCCCC)* 0.000 description 2
- 238000005648 named reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- WLJVXDMOQOGPHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 WLJVXDMOQOGPHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- WYVAMUWZEOHJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N propionic anhydride Chemical compound CCC(=O)OC(=O)CC WYVAMUWZEOHJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004611 spectroscopical analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000859 sublimation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008022 sublimation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N triflic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Zn+2] JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- GETTZEONDQJALK-UHFFFAOYSA-N (trifluoromethyl)benzene Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C1=CC=CC=C1 GETTZEONDQJALK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WSLDOOZREJYCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Dichloroethane Chemical compound ClCCCl WSLDOOZREJYCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XZJXCESWBMDSBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(4-ethoxyphenyl)propan-1-one Chemical compound CCOC1=CC=C(C(=O)CC)C=C1 XZJXCESWBMDSBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004206 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])(*)C(F)(F)F 0.000 description 1
- 125000004778 2,2-difluoroethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])(*)C([H])(F)F 0.000 description 1
- GVNVAWHJIKLAGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(cyclohexen-1-yl)cyclohexan-1-one Chemical compound O=C1CCCCC1C1=CCCCC1 GVNVAWHJIKLAGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004779 2-chloro-2-fluoroethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])(*)C([H])(F)Cl 0.000 description 1
- 125000004493 2-methylbut-1-yl group Chemical group CC(C*)CC 0.000 description 1
- JWUJQDFVADABEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyltetrahydrofuran Chemical compound CC1CCCO1 JWUJQDFVADABEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JHUUPUMBZGWODW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,6-dihydro-1,2-dioxine Chemical compound C1OOCC=C1 JHUUPUMBZGWODW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004172 4-methoxyphenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(OC([H])([H])[H])=C([H])C([H])=C1* 0.000 description 1
- ROFVEXUMMXZLPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bipyridyl Chemical compound N1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=N1 ROFVEXUMMXZLPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical group [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYDMWDQCGRUQGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(CC)CC(C)(CCC)OC(CCCC)(CCC)C Chemical compound C(CC)CC(C)(CCC)OC(CCCC)(CCC)C OYDMWDQCGRUQGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101150065749 Churc1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229910021591 Copper(I) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021592 Copper(II) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cu2+ Chemical compound [Cu+2] JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SFFNHFVZIWOPJH-UHFFFAOYSA-K FC(C(F)(F)F)(F)P(O)([O-])=O.FC(C(F)(F)F)(F)P(O)([O-])=O.FC(C(F)(F)F)(F)P(O)([O-])=O.[Bi+3] Chemical compound FC(C(F)(F)F)(F)P(O)([O-])=O.FC(C(F)(F)F)(F)P(O)([O-])=O.FC(C(F)(F)F)(F)P(O)([O-])=O.[Bi+3] SFFNHFVZIWOPJH-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- KVNBOAPSXIFFHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L FC(C(F)(F)F)(F)P(O)([O-])=O.FC(C(F)(F)F)(F)P(O)([O-])=O.[Cu+2] Chemical compound FC(C(F)(F)F)(F)P(O)([O-])=O.FC(C(F)(F)F)(F)P(O)([O-])=O.[Cu+2] KVNBOAPSXIFFHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- RZMFYCVOXSNOJE-UHFFFAOYSA-L FC(C(F)(F)F)(F)P(O)([O-])=O.FC(C(F)(F)F)(F)P(O)([O-])=O.[Ni+2] Chemical compound FC(C(F)(F)F)(F)P(O)([O-])=O.FC(C(F)(F)F)(F)P(O)([O-])=O.[Ni+2] RZMFYCVOXSNOJE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- QKTABYGWLCWWOL-UHFFFAOYSA-L FC(C(F)(F)F)(F)P(O)([O-])=O.FC(C(F)(F)F)(F)P(O)([O-])=O.[Zn+2] Chemical compound FC(C(F)(F)F)(F)P(O)([O-])=O.FC(C(F)(F)F)(F)P(O)([O-])=O.[Zn+2] QKTABYGWLCWWOL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000005033 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021578 Iron(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEQPNABPJHWNSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel(2+) Chemical compound [Ni+2] VEQPNABPJHWNSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021586 Nickel(II) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-L Phosphate ion(2-) Chemical compound OP([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 102100038239 Protein Churchill Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 238000001069 Raman spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 241000656145 Thyrsites atun Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910010165 TiCu Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc dication Chemical compound [Zn+2] PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZVLDJSZFKQJMKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li].[Si] Chemical compound [Li].[Si] ZVLDJSZFKQJMKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001476 alcoholic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000005937 allylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001449 anionic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000010 aprotic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012300 argon atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000005102 attenuated total reflection Methods 0.000 description 1
- JHXKRIRFYBPWGE-UHFFFAOYSA-K bismuth chloride Chemical compound Cl[Bi](Cl)Cl JHXKRIRFYBPWGE-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- JDIBGQFKXXXXPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth(3+) Chemical compound [Bi+3] JDIBGQFKXXXXPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000001246 bromo group Chemical group Br* 0.000 description 1
- 244000309464 bull Species 0.000 description 1
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 1
- 238000001311 chemical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006757 chemical reactions by type Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001309 chloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 description 1
- 238000010668 complexation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- OXBLHERUFWYNTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M copper(I) chloride Chemical compound [Cu]Cl OXBLHERUFWYNTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000058 cyclopentadienyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC1)* 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001028 difluoromethyl group Chemical group [H]C(F)(F)* 0.000 description 1
- SBZXBUIDTXKZTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N diglyme Chemical compound COCCOCCOC SBZXBUIDTXKZTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- APGUSRKQFBWUPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-K disulfooxyalumanyl hydrogen sulfate Chemical compound [Al+3].OS([O-])(=O)=O.OS([O-])(=O)=O.OS([O-])(=O)=O APGUSRKQFBWUPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- ZSWFCLXCOIISFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N endo-cyclopentadiene Natural products C1C=CC=C1 ZSWFCLXCOIISFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002149 energy-dispersive X-ray emission spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000012847 fine chemical Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004216 fluoromethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])(F)* 0.000 description 1
- 238000006077 hetero Diels-Alder cycloaddition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QOKYJGZIKILTCY-UHFFFAOYSA-J hydrogen phosphate;zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [Zr+4].OP([O-])([O-])=O.OP([O-])([O-])=O QOKYJGZIKILTCY-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydrogensulfate Chemical compound OS([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002466 imines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001412 inorganic anion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003402 intramolecular cyclocondensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002346 iodo group Chemical group I* 0.000 description 1
- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000359 iron(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001972 isopentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000011968 lewis acid catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003541 multi-stage reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007040 multi-step synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001971 neopentyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- QMMRZOWCJAIUJA-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Ni]Cl QMMRZOWCJAIUJA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000005246 nonafluorobutyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)* 0.000 description 1
- 238000005580 one pot reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006053 organic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006362 organocatalysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- UCUUFSAXZMGPGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N penta-1,4-dien-3-one Chemical compound C=CC(=O)C=C UCUUFSAXZMGPGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000538 pentafluorophenyl group Chemical group FC1=C(F)C(F)=C(*)C(F)=C1F 0.000 description 1
- 125000003538 pentan-3-yl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001147 pentyl group Chemical group C(CCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 230000002085 persistent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229960003424 phenylacetic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003279 phenylacetic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000073 phosphorus hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OXNIZHLAWKMVMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N picric acid Chemical compound OC1=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O OXNIZHLAWKMVMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002798 polar solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000003586 protic polar solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000003548 sec-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CZDYPVPMEAXLPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetramethylsilane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)C CZDYPVPMEAXLPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- GZXOHHPYODFEGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N triglycine sulfate Chemical class NCC(O)=O.NCC(O)=O.NCC(O)=O.OS(O)(=O)=O GZXOHHPYODFEGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YFNKIDBQEZZDLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N triglyme Chemical compound COCCOCCOCCOC YFNKIDBQEZZDLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006227 trimethylsilylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010626 work up procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001834 xanthenyl group Chemical class C1=CC=CC=2OC3=CC=CC=C3C(C12)* 0.000 description 1
- PCMOZDDGXKIOLL-UHFFFAOYSA-K yttrium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Y+3] PCMOZDDGXKIOLL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 235000005074 zinc chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011592 zinc chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000166 zirconium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/28—Phosphorus compounds with one or more P—C bonds
- C07F9/48—Phosphonous acids [RP(OH)2] including [RHP(=O)(OH)]; Thiophosphonous acids including [RP(SH)2], [RHP(=S)(SH)]; Derivatives thereof
- C07F9/4808—Phosphonous acids [RP(OH)2] including [RHP(=O)(OH)]; Thiophosphonous acids including [RP(SH)2], [RHP(=S)(SH)]; Derivatives thereof the acid moiety containing a substituent or structure which is considered as characteristic
- C07F9/4816—Acyclic saturated acids or derivatices which can have further substituents on alkyl
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/02—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides
- B01J31/0234—Nitrogen-, phosphorus-, arsenic- or antimony-containing compounds
- B01J31/0255—Phosphorus containing compounds
- B01J31/0257—Phosphorus acids or phosphorus acid esters
- B01J31/0261—Phosphorus acids or phosphorus acid esters comprising phosphonous acid (-ester) groups (RP(OR')2) or the isomeric phosphinic acid (-ester) groups (R2(R'O)P=O), i.e. R= C, R'= C, H
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C29/00—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring
- C07C29/128—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by alcoholysis
- C07C29/1285—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by alcoholysis of esters of organic acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C45/00—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds
- C07C45/45—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by condensation
- C07C45/46—Friedel-Crafts reactions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C45/00—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds
- C07C45/61—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by reactions not involving the formation of >C = O groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C45/00—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds
- C07C45/61—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by reactions not involving the formation of >C = O groups
- C07C45/67—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by reactions not involving the formation of >C = O groups by isomerisation; by change of size of the carbon skeleton
- C07C45/68—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by reactions not involving the formation of >C = O groups by isomerisation; by change of size of the carbon skeleton by increase in the number of carbon atoms
- C07C45/72—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by reactions not involving the formation of >C = O groups by isomerisation; by change of size of the carbon skeleton by increase in the number of carbon atoms by reaction of compounds containing >C = O groups with the same or other compounds containing >C = O groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C67/00—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C67/00—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters
- C07C67/03—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by reacting an ester group with a hydroxy group
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2231/00—Catalytic reactions performed with catalysts classified in B01J31/00
- B01J2231/30—Addition reactions at carbon centres, i.e. to either C-C or C-X multiple bonds
- B01J2231/32—Addition reactions to C=C or C-C triple bonds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2231/00—Catalytic reactions performed with catalysts classified in B01J31/00
- B01J2231/40—Substitution reactions at carbon centres, e.g. C-C or C-X, i.e. carbon-hetero atom, cross-coupling, C-H activation or ring-opening reactions
- B01J2231/42—Catalytic cross-coupling, i.e. connection of previously not connected C-atoms or C- and X-atoms without rearrangement
- B01J2231/4205—C-C cross-coupling, e.g. metal catalyzed or Friedel-Crafts type
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2601/00—Systems containing only non-condensed rings
- C07C2601/12—Systems containing only non-condensed rings with a six-membered ring
- C07C2601/14—The ring being saturated
Definitions
- the invention relates to Bronsted-acid fluoroalkylphosphonates as
- Lewis acid catalysis is a widely used methodology in organic synthesis and of outstanding importance for the industrial production of various substances.
- Many important industrial processes catalyzed by Lewis acids include Friedel-Crafts alkylations and acylations of aromatics, Gattermann-Koch reactions, Beckmann and Fries rearrangements, Mukaiyama-aldol condensations. [Acid Catalysis in Modern Organic Synthesis, H. Yamamoto and K. Ishihara (Eds.), Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, 2008].
- G.N. Lewis defines an acid as a substance known as
- Electron pair acceptor can act.
- Lewis acids are electron-deficient molecules or ions.
- the commonly used Lewis acidic catalysts such as AlC, TiCU, ZnC and BF3 diethyl etherate are sensitive to moisture and can not be recovered usually after completion of the reaction.
- Bronsted acids are assigned to different classes depending on their strength. In addition to weak acids such. As acetic acid and strong acids such as trifluoroacetic acid, hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid, there is the class of superacids, which have a higher acid strength than sulfuric acid to which z.
- Bnzmsted acids e.g. Friedel-Crafts alkylation and acylation, the Diels-Alder reaction, the aldol condensation, the hydration of alkenes,
- reaction can be catalyzed with weaker Bronsted acids, however in some cases the use of superacids such as e.g. B.
- Perfluoroalkyl groups are persistent. Concerns about their poor biodegradability therefore limit the practical utility of perfluoroalkanesulfonic acids with long "perfluorinated chains”.
- Arylboronic acids are not strong Bronsted acids, but can still be used successfully in some cases for catalysis, for.
- the unsubstituted BINOL phosphoric acid is not a strong acid with a ps in acetonitrile of 13.3 compared to picric acid, with a pKs in acetonitrile of 11.0. It is further described that the acid strength can be increased by substitution on the 3,3 'positions.
- This catalytic system catalyses various organic reactions, e.g. B. Additions to imines, carbonyl groups and activated alkanes, intramolecular cyclizations, hetero-Diels-Alder reactions. To provide both Bronsted acid and Lewis acid catalysis, the corresponding BINOL phosphoric acid must be used with a metal salt. This complicates both product isolation and catalyst regeneration. The combination of Bronsted acidity and Lewis acidic function in a single compound would be advantageous.
- bifunctional catalysts are poor solubility in organic solvents and low catalytic activity. In most cases, 15-25 mol% of catalyst must be used. Hydrogen sulfate and
- Hydrogen phosphate are coordinating anions and therefore reduce the Lewis acidic catalytic activity of the central cation, e.g. Fe 3+ or Al 3+ .
- the Bronsted acidity of the HSO4 "ion is severely limited beyond.
- the p-s value for the second lonisationstress of H2SO4 is 1.92.
- the object of the present invention is therefore to develop alternative bifunctional catalysts which preferably have advantages over previously known bifunctional catalysts, for example a lower use concentration in the reactions to be catalyzed.
- the fluorinated alkyl groups, preferably perfluorinated alkyl groups, on the phosphorus increase the Bronsted acidity of these compounds and the weak coordination of the metal cation promotes high Lewis acidity of these compounds to provide exceptionally high bifunctional catalytic activity.
- the first object of the invention are therefore compounds of the formula I.
- Rf is of the formula CnF (2n + i) - (m + k) HmXk,
- X is Cl, Br or I
- n 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 or 12,
- n 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4,
- k 0, 1 or 2
- [Kt] z + represents a single, double, triple or multiple positively charged metal atom.
- Another object of the invention is the use of the
- Rf is of the formula CnF (2n + i) - (m + k) HmXk, X is Cl, Br or I,
- n 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 or 12,
- n 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4,
- k 0, 1 or 2
- Another object of the invention are the bifunctional
- R f corresponds to the formula C n F (2n + i) - (m + k) H m X k,
- X is Cl, Br or I
- n 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 or 12,
- n 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4,
- k 0, 1 or 2
- [Kt] z + represents a single, double, triple or multiple positively charged metal atom for use in organic synthesis.
- Suitable groups Rf in the compounds of the formula I are accordingly linear or branched fluoroalkyl groups having 1 to 12 C atoms, which may be substituted by Cl, Br or I.
- a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 12 C atoms is, for example, methyl, ethyl, / isopropyl, propyl, butyl, sec-butyl or tert-butyl, pentyl, 1-, 2- or 3-methylbutyl, 1, 1 , 1,2 or 2,2-dimethylpropyl, 1-ethyl-propyl, n-hexyl, n-heptyl, n-octyl, n-nonyl, n-decyl, n-undecyl or n-dodecyl.
- a linear or branched fluoroalkyl group is a linear or branched fluorinated alkyl group having 1 to 12 C atoms, where at least one H atom of a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 12 C atoms
- Atoms is replaced by an F-atom. All H atoms can also be replaced by F atoms.
- alkyl groups are therefore linear or branched perfluoroalkyl groups having 1 to 12 carbon atoms.
- the linear or branched fluoroalkyl group having 1 to 12 C atoms may be substituted by Cl, Br or I atoms, the number of these substituents being 1 or 2 when they occur.
- Rf is preferably trifluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, fluoromethyl
- Rf is a linear or branched perfluoroalkyl group having 1 to 12 C atoms.
- Another object of the invention is a compound or a bifunctional catalyst of the formula I, wherein Rf represents a linear or branched perfluoroalkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms.
- Rf is a linear or branched perfluoroalkyl group having 1 to 4 C atoms.
- Rf is pentafluoroethyl or n-nonafluorobutyl.
- the cation [Kt] z + of the compounds of the formula I is selected from cations of the metals Li, Na, Ca, Mg, Ag, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Au, Al, In, Sn, Zn, Bi, Rh, Ru, Ir, Pd, Pt, Os, Cr, Mo, W, V, Nb, Ta, Ti, Zr, Hf, Y, Yb, La, Sc, Lu, Ce, Nd, Tb, Er, Eu or Sm selected.
- the cation [Kt] z + according to the invention may also comprise cations of the metals as described above, which are coordinated to further ligands, such as Cl, OH, CO, cyclopentadienyl, phosphine,
- heterocyclic carbenes or alkenyl ligands that stabilize the desired degree of oxidation of the metal.
- Another object of the invention are therefore the compounds or bifunctional catalysts of formula I, as described above or described as being preferred, [Kt] z + from cations of the metals Li, Na, Ca, Mg, Ag, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Au, Al, In, Sn, Zn, Bi, Rh, Ru, Ir, Pd, Pt, Os, Cr, Mo, W, V, Nb, Ta, Ti, Zr, Hf, Y, Yb, La, Sc, Lu, Ce, Nd, Tb, Er, Eu or Sm is selected.
- Particularly preferred compounds of the formula I are compounds in which the cation [Kt] z + is prepared from cations of the metals Li, Ca, Mg, Fe, Ni, Co, Cu, Au, Al, In, Zn, Bi, Rh, Ru, Ir , Pd, Pt or Y, Sc, Yb, Tb, Lu, Sm.
- Another object of the invention is a process for the preparation of compounds of formula I, as described above or preferably described, characterized in that a compound of formula II
- Rf is of the formula C n F (2n + i) - (m + k) H m Xk
- X is Cl, Br or I
- n 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 or 12,
- n 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4,
- k 0, 1 or 2
- [Kt] z + denotes a single, double, triple or multiple positively charged metal atom or has a previously preferred meaning
- the anion [An] b_ the compound of formula III [Cl] ".
- the metals to be used according to the invention are commercially available.
- the metals can be used in any existing form of metal particles, for example in the form of powders or chips.
- the use of powders is preferred according to the invention.
- Compounds of formula II are commercially available or can be prepared by methods known to those skilled in the art, for example, according to NV Ignat'ev et al, Chimica Oggi / Chemistry Today 2011, 29, 5, 42-44.
- reaction of the compounds of the formula II with compounds of the formula III or metals can be carried out in the presence of water or of an organic solvent or without the presence of water or of an organic solvent.
- Another object of the invention is therefore the method as described above, characterized in that is reacted in the presence or absence of water or an organic solvent.
- Suitable solvents are, for example, ethers, such as diethyl ether, methyl ferf-butyl ether or 1,4-dioxane, or ketones, for example acetone, or amides, for example dimethylformamide or dimethylacetamide.
- ethers such as diethyl ether, methyl ferf-butyl ether or 1,4-dioxane
- ketones for example acetone
- amides for example dimethylformamide or dimethylacetamide.
- reaction with compounds of formula III, as described above, which are sensitive to hydrolysis, for example AlC, it is preferred if the reaction takes place in an inert gas atmosphere as described above or described below.
- the water content of the reagents and the inert gas atmosphere in this embodiment is at most 1000 ppm. It is particularly preferred if the water content of the reagents and of the atmosphere is less than 500 ppm, very particularly preferably not more than 100 ppm.
- Water content is a maximum of 1000 ppm. It is particularly preferred if the oxygen content is less than 500 ppm. The conditions with regard to the water content and the oxygen content do not apply to the reaction in water and not to the work-up after successful reaction of compounds of the formula II, as described below.
- the starting materials are mixed at low temperature of 0 ° C to 10 ° C using diethyl ether or at room temperature (20 ° C to 25 ° C).
- the resulting hydrogen, hydrogen chloride or CO 2 is preferably from
- a preferred inert gas is dry air, dry nitrogen or argon.
- the product is dried.
- a suitable solvent for the complexation of hydrogen chloride is, for example, the organic solvent which has already been selected for the reaction or a mixture thereof.
- the distillation then takes place correspondingly at temperatures required for the solvent-hydrogen chloride mixture.
- the process of co-distillation is preferably carried out until no more chloride ions are detectable in the distillate.
- the resulting product can be dried in vacuo at room temperature or temperatures up to 50 ° C.
- a solvent is chosen from which the resulting product of the formula
- the product is filtered off and then dried at a temperature higher than the boiling point of the chosen solvent.
- a suitable closes preferably
- a Umkristallisaton from a suitable solvent or a sublimation.
- a compound of formula I as described above can be prepared via a disproportionation reaction.
- Corresponding fluoroalkyl phosphonates of the formula IV, as described below, can accordingly be reacted with an appropriate amount of the acid of the formula II.
- Disproportionation reaction may take place in water or in an organic solvent or without the presence of water or the organic solvent. Suitable temperatures are 10 ° C to 150 ° C, preferably from room temperature to 100 ° C. Another object of the invention is therefore the method for
- Rf is of the formula CnF (2n + i) - (m + k) HmXk,
- X is Cl, Br or I
- n 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 or 12,
- n 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4,
- k 0, 1 or 2
- Suitable solvents are, for example, ethers, such as methyl-1-butyl-butyl ether or 1,4-dioxane, or amides, for example dimethylformamide or dimethylacetamide.
- the product is filtered off and then dried at a temperature higher than the boiling point of the chosen solvent
- the disproportionation reaction preferably joins a suitable purification method, for example an extraction, or it is followed by recrystallization from a suitable solvent or a sublimation and subsequent drying.
- the dried products of the formula I can also be used without further purification in the reactions to be catalyzed.
- Another object of the invention are therefore the bifunctional catalysts of the formula I, as described above or preferably described, for use in organic synthesis.
- the reactions to be catalyzed are selected from a condensation reaction, alcoholysis, aldol reaction, Mukaiyama-aldol reaction, Gattermann-Koch reaction, Beckmann and Fries rearrangement, Friedel-Crafts acylation, Friedel-Crafts Alkylation, Mannich reaction, Diels-Alder reaction, Aza-Diels-Alder reaction, Baylis-Hillman reaction, Reformatsky reaction, Claisen rearrangement, Prins cyclization reaction, allylation of carbonyl compounds, cyanation of aldehydes and ketones,
- Another object of the invention is therefore the use of compounds of formula I in reactions selected from a
- Another object of the invention are therefore the bifunctional catalysts of formula I for use in Lewis acid-catalyzed and / or Br nsted acid-catalyzed reactions or domino reactions selected from a condensation reaction, alcoholysis, aldol reaction, Mukaiyama aldol Reaction, Gattermann-Koch reaction, Beckmann and Fries rearrangement, Friedel-Crafts acylation, Friedel-Crafts alkylation, Mannich reaction, Diels-Alder reaction, aza-Diels-Alder reaction, Baylis-Hillman reaction , Reformatsky reaction, Claisen rearrangement, Prins cyclization reaction, allylation of
- a suitable solvent is to be selected which preferably accounts for the specific solution properties of the compounds of the formula I as described above or described as being preferred.
- Suitable protic solvents when using the bifunctional catalysts of the invention are water, ethanol, methanol, / 'so-propanol, ethylene glycol or polyethylene glycol.
- Catalysts are acetonitrile, diethyl ether, methyl-fer-butyl-ether,
- the class of ionic liquids are also included as solvents
- An ionic liquid is understood as meaning salts which as a rule consist of an organic cation and an inorganic anion. They contain no neutral molecules and usually have melting points below 373 K [Wasserscheid P, Germ W, Angew. Chem. 1 12, 2000, 3926]. Due to their salt character, ionic liquids have unique material properties, such as a low one
- Temperature range are not flammable, show high electrical conductivity and high electrochemical and thermal stability.
- Suitable ionic liquids as solvents when using the Lewis acid catalysts of the invention are ionic
- Liquids which have an organic cation and whose anion is selected from the group [R1SO3] -, [R2COO] -, [R2SO3] -
- each R 1 independently represents a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 12 C atoms
- R 2 each, independently of one another, denotes a partially fluorinated or perfluorinated linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 12 C atoms or pentafluorophenyl,
- x is the integer 0, 1, 2 or 3
- y is the integer 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4 and
- a is the integer 1 or 2.
- a perfluorinated linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 4 C atoms is, for example, trifluoromethyl, pentafluoroethyl, n-heptafluoropropyl, iso-heptafluoropropyl, n-nonafluorobutyl, sec-nonafluorobutyl or tert-nonafluorobutyl.
- R 2 defines a linear or branched perfluorinated alkyl group having 1 to 12 C atoms, comprising the abovementioned perfluoroalkyl groups and, for example, perfluorinated n-hexyl, perfluorinated n-heptyl, perfluorinated n-octyl, perfluorinated ethylhexyl, perfluorinated n-nonyl, perfluorinated ⁇ -decyl, perfluorinated n-undecyl or perfluorinated n-dodecyl.
- R 2 is preferably trifluoromethyl, pentafluoroethyl or nonafluorobutyl, very particularly preferably trifluoromethyl or pentafluoroethyl.
- the variable y is preferably 1, 2 or 3, more preferably 3.
- Preferred solvents are ionic liquids with the anions
- Particularly preferred solvents are ionic liquids with the anions [P (C2F5) 3F3] - and [CF3SO3] -.
- the organic cations are generally not limited and are preferably selected from imidazolium cations, pyridinium cations or pyrrolidinium cations, which may be substituted accordingly, as known in the art.
- NMR samples are measured either in a 5 mm (0A) glass NMR tube or in a 3.7 mm (0A) FEP inliner at 25 ° C. at Measurements in FEP, the inliner is placed in a 5 mm (0A) precision thin-glass NMR tube (Wilmad 537).
- the lock substance, CD3CN is located in the glass NMR tube between glass and FEP inliner and is subsequently referred to as film measurement or solvent film
- CHNS elemental analyzes are performed on a HEKAtech
- Elemental analyzer EA 3000 performed.
- an electronic micro balance Sartorius M2P is used.
- Infrared spectra are recorded at room temperature with an Excalibur FT-IR spectrometer FTS 3500 from Digilab with a peltier cooled DTGS detector of deuterated triglycine sulfate.
- the spectra are measured in the wavenumber range of 4000 cm 1 to 500 cnr 1 using the ATR technique (attenuated total reflection) with the ATR accessory Mlracle TM, Pike Technologies.
- a Raman accessory of the FTS 3500 with an Nd-YAG crystal was used or a Bruker Multi Ram, also used with an Nd-YAG crystal.
- the measuring range extends from 70 to 3600 cnr 1 (sticks) or -120 to -3600 cm "1 (anti-sticks).
- the X-ray fluorescence analysis measurements are performed on a
- Pentafluoroethylphosphonic acid, C2FsP (O) (OH) 2 (5.49 g, 27.45 mmol), mixed and thoroughly ground in an agate mortar under argon atmosphere.
- the resulting hydrogen chloride is removed by a gentle stream of argon.
- the resulting white solid is in a
- the isolated product is analyzed by means of 1 H, 19 F and 31 P NMR spectra,
- Pentafluoroethylphosphonic acid (C2F5P (0) (OH) 2 (19.25 g, 96.2 mmol), and aluminum trichloride, AlC (4.27 g, 32.1 mmol)) are placed in a 100 mL round bottom flask and added to the mixture at 0 ° C (ice bath). Diethyl ether (42.67 g, 575.7 mmol) was added and the reaction mixture concentrated at 55 ° C bath temperature to 1/3 of the volume 45 ml_ diethyl ether are added and distilled off at 55 ° C bath temperature. This process is repeated (at least 5 times) until no more chloride ions are detectable in the distillate (AgNO 3 sol.). The white, viscous crude product is at 0.1 Pa only at
- Pentafluoroethylphosphonic acid (C2F 5 P (O) (OH) 2 (3.75 g, 18.75 mmol), and copper (II) chloride, (1.26 g, 9.38 mmol), are dissolved in a 100 mL
- Chloride ions are more detectable (AgNOß-Lsg.).
- the gray crude product is dried at 0.1 Pa and 140 ° C for 20 h, then washed twice with 10 mL dichloromethane and dried again at 0.1 Pa and 140 ° C for 20 h.
- the isolated product is analyzed by means of 1 H, 19 F and 31 P NMR spectra,
- Pentafluoroethylphosphonic acid (C2F 5 P (0) (OH) 2 (3.70 g, 18.5 mmol) and zinc (II) chloride (1.26 g, 9.3 mmol) are placed in a 100 mL round bottom flask , 4-dioxane is added and distilled off at a bath temperature of 135 ° C. This process is repeated (at least 15 times) until no more chloride ions are detectable in the distillate (AgNO 3 solution), whereby the crude product turns brown Mass is dried at 0.1 Pa and 140 ° C.
- Nickel (II) chloride (1.34 g, 10.3 mmol) is placed in a 100 mL round bottom flask. At room temperature, 100 mL of 1,4-dioxane are added and distilled off at 135 ° C bath temperature. This process is repeated (at least 15 times) until no more chloride ions are detectable in the distillate (AgNCb solution). The crude product turns orange. The orange, highly viscous mass dried at 0.1 Pa and 140 ° C for 10 h, then washed twice with 10 mL dichloromethane and dried again in vacuo. It is a chloride and 1,4-dioxane-containing nickel (II) bis (pentafluoroethyl hydrogenphosphonate),
- the isolated product is analyzed by means of 1 H, 19 F and 31 P NMR spectra,
- Yttrium (III) chloride YC (0.827 g, 4.24 mmol)
- YC 0.827 g, 4.24 mmol
- a solution of pentafluoroethylphosphonic acid, (C 2 F 5 P (O) (OH) 2 (2.54 g, 12.72 mmol) in 5 mL acetone is added, giving a clear reddish solution.
- the isolated product is analyzed by means of 1 H, 19 F and 31 P NMR spectra,
- Pentafluoroethylphosphonic acid (C2F5P (0) (OH) 2 (1.51 g, 7.56 mmol), and bismuth (III) chloride, (0.796 g, 2.52 mmol) are dissolved in a 100 mL
- Chloride ions are more detectable (AgNO3 sol.).
- the gray product is dried at 0.1 Pa and 130 ° C for 20 h.
- Bismuth (III) tris (pentafluoroethyl hydrogenphosphonate), Bi [C2FsP (O) 2 OH] 3 (1.73 g, 2.15 mmol, 85% of theoretical yield) is isolated as a gray solid.
- the isolated product is analyzed by means of 1 H, 9 F and 31 P NMR spectra,
- methyl vinyl ketone (0.564 g, 8.047 mmol) and (1-methoxy-2-methylprop-1-enyloxy) trimethylsilane, (1.58 g, 9,047 mmol) are combined and dissolved in dichloromethane ( 13.36 g).
- the reaction solution is analyzed by 1 H-NMR spectroscopy and then at 30 hours Room temperature stirred. Subsequently, the reaction solution becomes again
- NMR spectrum detected compounds are the unchanged starting materials (1-methoxy-2-methylprop-1-enyloxy) trimethylsilane and methyl vinyl ketone with the following shift values:
- Example 8b Michael reaction of IVIethyl vinyl ketone and (1-methoxy-2-methylprop-1-enyloxy) trimethylsilane catalyzed with iron (III) tris [hydrogen (pentafluoroethyl) phosphonate] (10 mol%).
- Example 8c Reaction of Example 8b catalyzed with iron (III) tris [hydrogen (pentafluoroethyl) phosphonate] (4.95 mol%).
- Example 8d Solvent-free Michael reaction of methyl vinyl ketone and (1-methoxy-2-methylprop-1-enyloxy) trimethylsilane catalyzed with aluminum (III) tris [hydrogen (pentafluoroethyl) phosphonate] (4.95 mol%).
- methyl vinyl ketone 0.586 g, 8.36 mmol
- the suspension heats up. After a reaction time of 5 minutes, the suspension is mixed with water (0.3 mL). The suspension is filtered and the water is removed at room temperature in vacuo. At 90 ° C and 0.1 Pa, methyl 2,2-dimethyl-5-oxohexenoate (0.81 g, 4.73 mmol, 57% of theoretical yield) can be isolated as a colorless liquid.
- Example 9b Solvent-free Michael reaction of 2-cyclohexen-1-one and (1-methoxy-2-methylprop-1-ynyloxy) trimethyl isilane catalyzed with iron (III) tris [hydrogen (pentafluoroethyl) phosphonate] (2 mol%).
- the reaction mixture is mixed with 30 ml of water and extracted with 30 ml of dichloromethane.
- the organic phase is separated and the dichloromethane in vacuo at 0.1 Pa and
- methyl vinyl ketone 0.511 g, 7.291 mmol
- acetylacetone 0.85 g, 7.841 mmol
- the compounds detected at the endpoint on the basis of the 1 H-NMR spectrum are acetylacetone, methyl vinyl ketone, 3-acetylheptane-2,6-dione (keto form) and 3- (1-hydroxyethylidene) heptane-2,6-diones ( Enol form) with the following shift values, The ratio of methyl vinyl ketone to the tautomers 3-acetyl-heptane-2,6-dione (keto form) and 3- (1-> 25: 55: 20.
- Acetylacetone (keto / enol form):
- NMR spectra correspond to the literature data [M. Picquet, C. Bruneau, P.H. Dixneuf, Tetrahedron, 1999, vol. 55, p. 3937]:
- Example 10b Solvent-free Michael reaction of methyl vinyl ketone and acetylacetone catalyzed with iron (III) tris [hydrogen (pentafluoroethyl) phosphonate] (10 mol%).
- iron (III) tris [hydrogen (pentafluoroethyl) phosphonate], Fe [C2F5P (O) 2OH] 3 0.252 g
- Example 10c Solvent-free Michael reaction of methyl vinyl ketone and acetylacetone catalyzed with iron (III) tris [hydrogen (pentafluoroethyl) phosphonate] (2 mol%).
- Iron (III) tris [hydrogen (pentafluoroethyl) phosphonate], Fe [C2F 5 P (O) 2 OH] 3 (0.063 g, 0.097 mmol) are initially introduced into a 50 mL two-necked flask and then methyl vinyl ketone (0.360 g, 5.136 mmol) and acetylacetone (0.779 g, 7.781 mmol) were added and stirred at room temperature. After a reaction time of one hour, a complete conversion of methyl vinyl ketone to the product can be detected by means of 1 H-NMR spectroscopy.
- Example 10d Reaction of example 10c with a larger one
- Iron (III) tris [hydrogen (pentafluoroethyl) phosphonate], Fe [C 2 F 5 P (O) 2 OH] 3 (0.102 g, 0.156 mmol) are initially introduced into a 50 mL two-necked flask and then methyl vinyl ketone (0.582 g, 8.304 mmol) and acetylacetone (1.93 g, 19.317 mmol) were added and stirred at room temperature. After a reaction time of four hours, a complete conversion of methyl vinyl ketone to the product can be detected by means of 1 H-NMR spectroscopy.
- Acetylacetone (keto / enol form):
- Example 11b Solvent-free Michael reaction of 2-cyclohexen-1-one and acetylactone catalyzed with iron (III) tris [hydrogen (pentafluoroethyl) phosphonate] (2 mol%).
- iron (III) tris [hydrogen (pentafluoroethyl) phosphonate] Fe [C2F5P (O) 20H] 3 (0.089 g, 0.136 mmol) is initially charged and then 2-cyclohexen-1-one (0.658 g, 6.845 mmol) and acetylacetone (1.37 g, 13.654 mmol) were added and stirred at room temperature.
- the NMR spectrum corresponds to the literature data [A. Oge, M.E. Mavis, C. Yolacan, F. Aydogan, Turk. J. Chem., 2012, vol. 36, p.137]:
- nitromethane (7.68 g, 0.125 mol) and anisole (0.350 g, 3.237 mmol) are stirred at 80 ° C. oil bath temperature for 4.5 h.
- a conversion to bis (p-methoxyphenyl) methane can not be determined by 1 H NMR spectroscopy.
- acetic anhydride 0.62 g, 4.490 mmol is added.
- the reaction solution is examined by 1 H NMR spectroscopy and then stirred for 4.5 hours at 80 ° C oil bath temperature. Subsequently, the reaction solution is again examined by H-NMR spectroscopy, with no change can be found.
- Acetic anhydride catalyzes with iron (III) tris [hydrogen (pentafluoroethyl) phosphonate] (20 mol%).
- Iron (III) tris [hydrogen (pentafluoroethyl) phosphonate], Fe [(C2Fs) P (0) 2OH] (0.384 g, 0.588 mmol), and nitromethane (8.07 g) are dissolved in a 50 mL two-necked flask with anisole (0.326 g , 3.015 mmol) and acetic anhydride (0.614 g, 6.014 mmol) combined and stirred for 90 minutes at 80 ° C oil bath temperature. The conversion is determined by 1 H-NMR spectroscopy and is 99 mol%.
- the solvent nitromethane is at 0.1 Pa and
- Reaction mixture is 20 mL of a 5% NaHCO 3 solution
- Acetic anhydride catalyzes with iron (III) tris [hydrogen (pentafluoroethyl) phosphonate] (5 mol%).
- Iron (III) tris [hydrogen (pentafluoroethyl) phosphonate], Fe [(C2Fs) P (O) 20H] (0.099 g, 0.152 mmol), and nitromethane (8.00 g) are dissolved in a 50 mL two-necked flask with anisole (0.328 g , 3.033 mmol) and acetic anhydride (0.619 g, 6.063 mmol) and combined at 80 ° C for 3 hours
- the molar ratio of anisole to 4-methoxyacetophenone to bis (p-methoxyphenyl) methane is 21.7: 75.3: 1.
- To the reaction mixture are added 20 mL H2O and 20 mL n-hexane. With the addition of n-hexane, three liquid phases are formed. The product is extracted with four more portions of 20 mL n-hexane. The n-hexane phase is separated off in each case. The five n-hexane phases are combined and concentrated to dryness at room temperature and 0.1 Pa. There is obtained 4-methoxyacetophenone (0.244 g, 1.624 mmol) as a white solid. To the remaining phases already extracted with n-hexane, 20 mL of chloroform are added. The
- Acetic anhydride catalyses with iron (III) tris [hydrogen (pentafluoroethyl) phosphonate] (2 mol%).
- Nitromethane (8,099 g) is added in a 50 ml two-necked flask of anisole (0.325 g, 3.005 mmol) and acetic anhydride (0.646 g, 6.328 mmol) and stirred at 80 ° C oil bath temperature for 4 hours.
- the subsequently determined by 1 H-NMR spectroscopy conversion to 4-methoxyacetophenone is 77 mol%.
- the compounds detected at the endpoint on the basis of the 1 H-NMR spectrum are 4-methoxyacetophenone, bis (p-methoxyphenyl) methane, acetic anhydride, acetic acid, anisole and nitromethane with the shift values given in Example 12b.
- Example 12b Spectrum the shift values given in Example 12b. By changing the order of addition of the starting materials, the formation of bis (p-methoxyphenyl) methane is prevented.
- Comparative Example 13a Uncatalyzed methanolysis of octyl acetate.
- Compounds are: 1-octanol, octyl acetate, methyl acetate and methanol with the following shift values, but mainly octyl acetate.
- the molar ratio of octyl acetate to octanol is 1232: 1.
- Example 13b Methanolysis of octyl acetate catalyzed with yttrium (III) tris [hydrogen (pentafluoroethyl) phosphonate] (10 mol%).
- Yttrium (III) tris [hydrogen (pentafluoroethyl) phosphonate], Y [(C2F 5) 2 P (O) 2OH] 3 (3.11 mg *, 0.00453 mmol) is dissolved in CD3OD (0.5 mL). Octyl acetate (0.009 mL, 0.290 mmol) is added and the reaction is stirred at room temperature. The determined by 1 H-NMR spectroscopy
- Example 13a Compounds are: 1-octanol, octyl acetate, methyl acetate and methanol with the shift values given in Example 13a.
- Example 13c Reaction from Example 13b at 50 ° C.
- Example 14 Synthesis of 1- (4-ethoxyphenyl) propan-1-one by reaction of ethoxybenzene with propionic anhydride catalyzed with Al [C 2 F 5 P (O) 20H] 3 (5 mol%).
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EP3350190A1 true EP3350190A1 (de) | 2018-07-25 |
Family
ID=54148351
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP16759681.6A Withdrawn EP3350190A1 (de) | 2015-09-15 | 2016-08-30 | Brønsted-saure fluoralkylphosphonate |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20180258115A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP3350190A1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2018528961A (de) |
WO (1) | WO2017045745A1 (de) |
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CN107824226B (zh) * | 2017-10-18 | 2019-07-26 | 福州大学 | 一种加氢催化剂及其制备方法与使用方法 |
CN108295908B (zh) * | 2018-01-23 | 2020-09-22 | 北京工业大学 | 一种不对称Aldol反应后固体催化剂的回收方法 |
CN114733566B (zh) * | 2022-01-30 | 2023-10-31 | 上海师范大学 | 一种基于binol骨架的手性超强碳酸催化剂及其制备方法与应用 |
-
2016
- 2016-08-30 EP EP16759681.6A patent/EP3350190A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2016-08-30 US US15/759,987 patent/US20180258115A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2016-08-30 WO PCT/EP2016/001463 patent/WO2017045745A1/de active Application Filing
- 2016-08-30 JP JP2018513640A patent/JP2018528961A/ja active Pending
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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JP2018528961A (ja) | 2018-10-04 |
WO2017045745A1 (de) | 2017-03-23 |
US20180258115A1 (en) | 2018-09-13 |
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