EP3348711B1 - Method for fabricating prefabricated parallel steel wire preformed cable strands for main cable of suspension bridge - Google Patents
Method for fabricating prefabricated parallel steel wire preformed cable strands for main cable of suspension bridge Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3348711B1 EP3348711B1 EP16871923.5A EP16871923A EP3348711B1 EP 3348711 B1 EP3348711 B1 EP 3348711B1 EP 16871923 A EP16871923 A EP 16871923A EP 3348711 B1 EP3348711 B1 EP 3348711B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- wire
- wire strand
- strand
- steel
- steel wire
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 143
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims description 143
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 title claims description 37
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 29
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000002040 relaxant effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- TVZPLCNGKSPOJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper zinc Chemical compound [Cu].[Zn] TVZPLCNGKSPOJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- -1 zinc-copper-aluminum Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004820 Pressure-sensitive adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000221535 Pucciniales Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 241000345998 Calamus manan Species 0.000 description 2
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000012950 rattan cane Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000009897 systematic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004308 accommodation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003550 marker Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009417 prefabrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D19/00—Structural or constructional details of bridges
- E01D19/16—Suspension cables; Cable clamps for suspension cables ; Pre- or post-stressed cables
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
- D07B1/06—Ropes or cables built-up from metal wires, e.g. of section wires around a hemp core
- D07B1/0693—Ropes or cables built-up from metal wires, e.g. of section wires around a hemp core having a strand configuration
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
- D07B1/14—Ropes or cables with incorporated auxiliary elements, e.g. for marking, extending throughout the length of the rope or cable
- D07B1/148—Ropes or cables with incorporated auxiliary elements, e.g. for marking, extending throughout the length of the rope or cable comprising marks or luminous elements
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B5/00—Making ropes or cables from special materials or of particular form
- D07B5/002—Making parallel wire strands
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D11/00—Suspension or cable-stayed bridges
- E01D11/02—Suspension bridges
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D19/00—Structural or constructional details of bridges
- E01D19/14—Towers; Anchors ; Connection of cables to bridge parts; Saddle supports
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
- D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
- D07B2201/2015—Strands
- D07B2201/2042—Strands characterised by a coating
- D07B2201/2044—Strands characterised by a coating comprising polymers
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
- D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
- D07B2201/2083—Jackets or coverings
- D07B2201/2089—Jackets or coverings comprising wrapped structures
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B2205/00—Rope or cable materials
- D07B2205/30—Inorganic materials
- D07B2205/3021—Metals
- D07B2205/3071—Zinc (Zn)
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B2207/00—Rope or cable making machines
- D07B2207/40—Machine components
- D07B2207/4031—Winding device
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B2501/00—Application field
- D07B2501/20—Application field related to ropes or cables
- D07B2501/2015—Construction industries
- D07B2501/203—Bridges
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B7/00—Details of, or auxiliary devices incorporated in, rope- or cable-making machines; Auxiliary apparatus associated with such machines
- D07B7/02—Machine details; Auxiliary devices
- D07B7/10—Devices for taking-up or winding the finished rope or cable
Definitions
- the anchor device is the main structure to transmit a cable tension of the prefabricated parallel-wire preformed wire strand to an anchor system.
- Zinc-copper alloy or zinc-copper-aluminum alloy is adopted for casting, and the casting process is as follows:
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Ropes Or Cables (AREA)
- Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)
Description
- The invention belongs to the technical field of wire strands for main cables of suspension bridge, and more particularly to a method for fabricating a preformed wire strand from parallel steel wires for a main cable of a suspension bridge.
- Suspension bridge is an ancient bridge type, and rattan and bamboo and other materials have been utilized to construct the suspension bridge for a long time to solve the traffic problem. There are many records about ancient suspension bridges in China, the first suspension may be the single-wire strand bridge, which is made of vine or bamboo, and people have to use a wood on the wire strand to slide across the bridge. Such suspension bridge is made of bamboo, rattan, and even iron chain, and are primarily for pedestrian as restricted by material performance. Early in Europe and America, with the development of society and the progress of smelting technology, iron chains with high tensile strength have been utilized as the main cable of the suspension bridge. Luding Bridge across the Dadu River in Sichuan is the earliest suspension bridge using the iron chain in China, which was built in 1706 and has a span exceeding 100 meters. In the mid-18th century, iron-cable bridge using the iron chain as a loading component also appeared in the western countries, and the iron-cable bridge having a span of 21.34 meters was constructed across the Tess river in British in 1741. In 1808, the Finley Bridge was built, in addition to the iron chain, a horizontal bridge floor, that is, stiffening beam, was suspended by suspension rods, forming a prototype of the modern suspension bridge. In 1816, the first pedestrian suspension bridge adopting a main cable made by steel wires was built, which is the beginning of the development of the suspension bridge. Modern materials including the steel wires and the steel wire strand have been widely applied in the development of the suspension bridge. With the development of the metal industry, most main cables of the suspension bridges began to adopt high strength steel wires with much higher tensile strength. As being convenient to the construction, the steel wire-main cables are predominantly utilized in suspension bridges having middle or small span. However, the steel wire rope has small elastic modulus, resulting in large deformation of the suspension bridge, so the main cable is not suitable for the construction of suspension bridge with large span, and main cables of suspension bridge with large span is generally made of parallel steel wire having high strength.
- Modern suspension bridge appeared in the United States in the 1850s, and its most significant mark is that main cables made of large diameter parallel wire were firstly utilized. Since then, the materials for the main cable of the suspension bridge of large span rarely changes, high strength zinc-coated steel wires having diameters of 5 mm are adopted, and the construction method of the main cables may be different. Two methods for the construction of the main cable of the suspension bridge with large span are air spinning (AS) method and prefabricated wire strand (PS or PWS) method. In the AS method, each cable contains between 30 and 90 wire strands, and each wire strand contains between 400 and 500 steel wires. Thus, the anchoring tonnage for a single wire strand is large, the anchoring space is relatively concentrated. A main drawback of the AS method is that the wind resistance in laying the main cable is weak and requires much labor.
CN201665818U discloses a wire strand for a main cable of a suspension bridge, wherein the wire strand comprises a plurality of steel wires and has a cross section of hexagon (seeFig. 8 inCN201665818U ). Besides, a standard steel wire 5 with a standard length is arranged in each layer within the wire strand. And several marked steel wires 4 are provided in the wire strand (seeFig. 8 inCN201665818U ). - In view of the above-described problems, the present invention provides a method for fabricating a preformed wire strand from parallel steel wires for a main cable of a suspension bridge as described in
claim 1 as well as its dependent claims.
Specifically, the method includes: prefabricating regularly hexagonal wire strands using multiple zinccoated wires in a plant, each wire strand consisting of 61 wires (optionally 91 or 127 wires), anchoring two ends of the wire strand by hot-casting anchors, pre-forming the wire strand in a plant for facilitating insertion of the wire strand into saddles during construction, then coiling the wire strands and transporting the wire strand coils to a construction field, and respectively laying the wire strands. - To achieve the above objective, in accordance with one embodiment of the invention, there is provided a method for fabricating a preformed wire strand from parallel steel wires for a main cable of a suspension bridge comprises the following steps:
- In order to conveniently observe and discriminate whether parallel-wire strands are twisted during fabrication and laying of the wire strand, a marking steel wire is set at a vertex of the hexagonal cross section of each parallel-wire strand and the marker wire is coated with a color for discrimination. Generally, the marking steel wire is coated red.
- A cable shape is one of important parameters of the suspension bridge, and a length of each wire strand is required to be controlled during fabrication. In order to control length accuracy of a parallel wire unit for the prefabricated parallel-wire strand, one, two, or more than two steel wires having standard lengths are set at vertexes of the hexagonal cross section as standard wires functioning in controlling a whole length of the wire strand of the main cable of the suspension bridge. Preferably, one or multiple standard wires are set at vertexes of the hexagonal cross sections to realize the double control of the wire strand's length and to measure a within-wire strand error using a length difference between two standard wires.
- In the meanwhile, obvious position markers are made according to design requirements at feature locations on each standard wire corresponding to control points of splay cable saddles, center points of main cable saddles, middle points of side bands, a middle point of a main span, and starting points being 1 meter away from anchor heads of anchor spans, and the position makers are made as follows:
A length of each steel wire free from stress is used as a standard, and an operation correction is calculated in view of error factors. Thereafter, the steel wire is loaded and stretched on a base line in the construction field. A temperature is measured, and errors resulting from the temperature, a stress, and a sag, and other factors are corrected. During the fabrication, a displacement is repeatedly checked and marked to make specific marking positions. - The length of the standard wire is determined by baseline measurement. Specifically, a tensioning force is applied to two ends of the steel wires to make the steel wires straight, and stress correction and temperature correction are then carried out according to the following equation:
in which, L represents a length (m) of a steel wire under a stress, L0 represents a designed length (m) of a steel wire free from a stress, F represents a tensioning force (N), E represents an elastic module (MPa) of a steel wire, and fabrication of the standard wire adopts a measured value, A represents an area of a cross section (m2) of the steel wire, and fabrication of the standard wire adopts the measured value, α represents an expansion coefficient of the steel wire, and T represents a temperature of the environment. - The systematic error in the fabrication process of the standard wire of the parallel-wire strand is greatly reduced by the above method. The fabrication precision of the standard wire exceeds 1/30000, the fabrication precision of the finished wire strand is increased to 1/20000 from the industry standard of 1/12000, the manually marking mistakes are greatly reduced, and the property of the production of the human error is reduced, thus improving the working efficiency.
- Each prefabricated parallel-wire strand is formed by multiple (61, 91, 127, or 169) steel wires. During the preformation, coils of steel wires (including the marking steel wire and the standard steel wire) having the same double length and the same rotation direction are put into a pay-out stand and a tension of each coil of the steel wire is then regulated. A tension of the steel wire relaxing is the main factor affecting the within-wire strand error, and uneven tension easily results in length inconsistency of the steel wires within the wire strand, thus the tension of each coil of the steel wire is required to be basically consistent. In fabrication of the prefabricated parallel-wire strand, a rolling mold formed by shaping wheels is utilized to shape a cross section of the parallel steel wires. The rolling mold possesses a hexagonal cross section matching with the shape of the cross section of the wire strand. The pre-formed parallel-wire unit is set and wrapped at equal intervals by a high strength wrapping bandage to avoid scattering of the steel wires during traction. During the prefabrication in the plant, a surface of the wire strand is wrapped by the wrapping bandage to well fix the shape of the steel wire unit.
- As the wrapping bandage generally adopts high polymer materials, the performance thereof is inevitably affected by factors including the temperature and the sunlight and therefore deteriorated. In addition, the construction conditions in the construction field are complicated, no cracking of the wrapping bandage during the laying process of the wire strand is almost impossible. If the cracking of the wrapping bandage occurs at critical positions like the main cable saddles and the splay cable saddles, when the wire strand is accommodated in the saddle, bulges and displacement errors of the steel wires occur, and the shape of the wire strand cannot be adjusted beyond cable saddles. Thus, if the wire strand at the wire strand feature points (features points are set at two sides of the main cable saddles and the splay cable saddles, if the span is too large, a plurality of additional feature points are set within the span) keep good shape and no relative displacement in the longitudinal direction of the steel wires occurs, then after being accommodated in the cable saddle, the wire strand is exerted with the self-gravity, and certain wrapping bandages between two feature positions are cut off from the wire strand and the wire strand is knocked to remove the wire bulges and the displacement errors of the wires and to recover the hexagonal shape of the original wire strand. Based on the above reasons, in addition to the arrangement of the wrapping bandage on the wire strand at certain intervals, steel wire hoops or shaping clips are reasonably arranged on the wire strand. The steel wire hoops are able to locate the whole wire strand of a certain shape into the saddles, prevent the displacement errors of the wires of the wire strand, and ensure the cross section of the critical parts, which are beneficial to the observation and location when laying the wire strand. Even the wrapping bandage of a certain section of the wire strand is seriously cracked which results in wire scattering, it is convenient to repair such local regions under the restrain of the steel wire hoops or the shaping clips. In the meanwhile, the steel wire hoops and the shaping clips also ensure good shapes of the wire strand in the vicinity of the cable saddles and bring great benefit for local repair. Positions for arranging the steel wire hoops or the shaping clips comprise: positions in the vicinity of center points of corresponding splay cable saddles, positions in the vicinity of center points of main cable saddles, middle points of side spans, starting points of anchor heads of the side spans, and the middle point of the main span. The steel wire hoops are formed by wrapping zinc-coated steel wires. Materials of the steel wire hoops and the wire strand belong to the same series. To reduce the injury on the steel wires of the inner wire strand, the steel wire hoops have a length of between 100 and 300 mm and a diameter of between 1.0 and 3.0 mm.
- Shapes of positions of the wire strand corresponding to the main cable saddles and the splay cable saddles are preformed to make the shape of the cross section of the wire strand to be preformed match with the shapes of inner cavities of the main cable saddles and the splay cable saddles thus facilitating the accommodation of the wire strand in the saddles. Specific operations are as follows: dimensions and cross sections of the wire strand before and after the preforming are firstly designed according to the dimensions of the inner cavities of the main cable saddles and the splay cable saddles. According to the design, the wire strand is processed to have the shape of the target cross section matching with the shapes of the inner cavities of the main cable saddles and the splay cable saddles. Positions to be preformed of the wire strand corresponding to the main cable saddles and the splay cable saddles are processed by a shaping machine to shape the cross section of the wire strand into the target shape, and then respectively fixed using retaining clips having a quadrilateral inner cavity for several times. Fixed positions are wrapped by the wrapping bandages for setting the shape.
- The coiling and the cable relaxing are two opposite operations having close relations therebetween but also being in conformity with separate motion rule. Different steel wires have different bend radius, and a bending force of the steel wire relates to the bending radius. The smaller the bending radius is, the greater the bending force is. As long as a coiling force is larger than the bending force, the wire strand is able to coil. Thus, the tightness of the coiling is affected by the coiling force. The tightness of the coiling directly affects the progress of the cable relaxing and also indirectly affects the forming quality of the wire strand. The prefabricated parallel-wire strand is coiled by a coil frame, and a coil diameter is equal to or larger than 30 folds of the diameter of the wire strand.
- The anchor device is the main structure to transmit a cable tension of the prefabricated parallel-wire preformed wire strand to an anchor system. Zinc-copper alloy or zinc-copper-aluminum alloy is adopted for casting, and the casting process is as follows:
- a. Ends of the wire strand are perpendicularly fixed in a casting platform of an anchor cup, the steel wires of the wire strand inserted into the anchor cup are dispersed in the form of concentric circles, oil stains and rusts are removed from the steel wires of the wire strand, a uniform space is maintained, and an inner wall of the anchor cup is cleaned.
- b. After the wire strand is inserted into the anchor cup, a center of the wire strand coincides with a center of the anchor cup, and the steel wire is prevented from contacting with the anchor cup.
- c. A vertical length of the wire strand beneath the anchor cup is equal to or larger than 30 folds of the diameter of the wire strand, and a curved radius is required to be 25 folds larger than the diameter of the wire strand.
- d. A lower opening of the anchor cup is required to be fully sealed to ensure no leakage of the poured alloy from the lower opening, and the anchor cup is preheated before casting the zinc-copper alloy or zinc-copper-aluminum alloy.
- e. When pouring the alloy into the anchor cup, violation is prevented, and the casting is carried out fluently without disruption.
- In a class of this embodiment, the wrapping bandage utilizes a complex of a high strength polyester and fiber bands as a matrix, and a surface of the matrix is coated with a pressure-sensitive adhesive of high viscosity.
- According to the claimed invention, in 4), the cross section of the wire strand to be preformed is shaped from a hexagon into a quadrilateral to make preformed positions of the wire strand matching with inner cavities of the main cable saddles and the splay cable saddles.
- Moreover, the shaping machine of 4) comprises: a U-shaped base and a cover plate disposed at an opening above the U-shaped base; and the U-shaped base and the cover plate are enclosed to form a quadrilateral shaping through hole matching with the quadrilateral cross section of the wire strand.
- In a class of this embodiment, curved ribs are formed on inner sides opposite to the U-shaped base; an extending direction of the curved ribs is parallel to the steel wires of the wire strand; and a radius of each curved rib and an interval between adjacent curved ribs respectively match with a radius of the steel wire of the wire strand.
- In a class of this embodiment, the retaining clip of 4) comprises a quadrilateral shaping through hole for allowing the quadrilateral wire strand to pass through; and the retaining clip is formed by locking two independent clamping blocks having square openings together.
- In a class of this embodiment, the U-shaped base and the cover plate are both made of nylon materials to avoid the destruction on the steel wire.
- Advantages of the method for fabricating the preformed wire strand from parallel steel wires for the main cable of the suspension bridge in accordance with embodiments of the invention are summarized as follows: in the method, regularly hexagonal wire strands are prefabricated using multiple zinc-coated wires in a plant, the wire strand are then preformed at specific positions for facilitating insertion of the wire strand into saddles, two ends of the wire strand are anchored by the hot-casting anchors, and then the wire strands are coiled and transported to the construction field where the wire strand are respectively laid.
- The invention is described hereinbelow with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
-
FIG. 1 is a structure diagram showing distribution of feature points of a standard wire; -
FIG. 2 is a structure diagram showing arrangement of a standard wire and a marking steel wire in a wire strand of a small specification; -
FIG. 3 is a structure diagram showing arrangement of standard wires and a marking steel wire in a wire strand of a large specification; -
FIG. 4 is a structure diagram of a shaping machine having a quadrilateral inner cavity in shaping a cross section of a wire strand; -
FIG. 5 is a front view of a shaping machine having a quadrilateral inner cavity; -
FIG. 6 is a side view of a shaping machine having a quadrilateral inner cavity; -
FIG. 7 is a front view of a retaining clip having a quadrilateral inner cavity; and -
FIG. 8 is a side view of a retaining clip having a quadrilateral inner cavity. - A method for fabricating a preformed wire strand from parallel steel wires for a main cable of a suspension bridge are described below combined with the drawings.
- A method for fabricating a preformed wire strand from parallel steel wires for a main cable of a suspension bridge is illustrated. The method includes: prefabricating regularly hexagonal wire strands using multiple zinc-coated wires in a plant, each wire strand consisting of 61 wires (optionally 91 or 127 wires, according to working conditions), pre-forming quadrilateral cross sections at certain positions of the wire strand corresponding to main cable saddles and splay cable saddles for accommodating the wire strand of certain positions in cable saddles, anchoring two ends of the wire strand by hot-cast anchors, coiling and transporting the wire strands to a construction field, and respectively laying the wire strand.
- The method is specifically conducted as follows:
- In order to conveniently observe and discriminate whether parallel-wire strand is twisted during fabrication and laying of the wire strand, a marking steel wire is set at a left upper corner of the hexagonal cross section of each parallel-wire strand and the marking steel wire is coated red.
- In order to control length accuracy of a parallel wire unit for the prefabricated parallel-wire strand, steel wires having standard lengths are set at vertexes of the hexagonal cross section as standard wires functioning in controlling a whole length of the wire strand of the main cable of the suspension bridge. For wire strand of large specification, the standard wires are set at two vertexes of the hexagonal cross sections to realize the double control of the wire strand's length and to measure a within-wire strand error using a length difference between the two standard wires, as shown in
FIGS. 2-3 . - In the meanwhile, as shown in
FIG. 1 , obvious position markers are made according to design requirements at feature locations on each standard wire corresponding to control points of splay cable saddles, center points of main cable saddles, middle points of side bands, a middle point of a main span, and starting points being 1 meter away from anchor heads of anchor spans, and the position makers are made as follows: - A length of each standard wire free from stress is used as a standard, and an operation correction is calculated in view of error factors. Thereafter, the steel wires are loaded and stretched on a base line in the construction field. A temperature is measured, and errors resulting from the temperature, a stress, and a sag, and other factors are corrected. During the fabrication, a displacement is repeatedly checked and marked to make specific marking positions.
- The length of the standard wire is determined by baseline measurement. Specifically, a tensioning force is applied to two ends of the steel wires to make the steel wires straight, and stress correction and temperature correction are then carried out according to the following equation:
in which, L represents a length (m) of a steel wire under a stress, L0 represents a designed length (m) of a steel wire free from a stress, F represents a tensioning force (N), E represents an elastic module (MPa) of a steel wire, and fabrication of the standard wire adopts a measured value, A represents an area of a cross section (m2) of the steel wire, and fabrication of the standard wire adopts the measured value, α represents an expansion coefficient of the steel wire, and T represents a temperature of the environment. - The systematic error in the fabrication process of the standard wire of the parallel-wire strand is greatly reduced by the above method. The fabrication precision of the standard wire exceeds 1/30000, the fabrication precision of the finished wire strand is increased to 1/20000 from the industry standard of 1/12000, the manually marking mistakes are greatly reduced, and the property of the production of the human error is reduced, thus improving the working efficiency.
- Each prefabricated parallel-wire strand is formed by multiple steel wires. During the preformation, coils of steel wires having the same double length and the same rotation direction are put into a pay-out stand and a tension of each coil of the steel wire is then regulated. In fabrication of the prefabricated parallel-wire strand, a rolling mold formed by shaping wheels is utilized to shape a cross section of the parallel steel wires. The rolling mold possesses a hexagonal cross section matching with the shape of the cross section of the wire strand. The pre-formed parallel-wire unit is set and wrapped at equal intervals by a high strength wrapping bandage to avoid scattering of the steel wires during traction. The wrapping bandage utilizes a complex of a high strength polyester and fiber bands as a matrix, and a surface of the matrix is coated with a pressure-sensitive adhesive of high viscosity.
- In addition to the arrangement of the wrapping bandage on the wire strand at certain intervals, steel wire hoops are reasonably arranged on the wire strand. The steel wire hoops are able to locate the whole wire strand of a certain shape into the saddles and to avoid wire scattering occurred in the wire strand, thus ensuring the shape of the cross section of critical portions for the observation and location in laying the wire strand. Even the wrapping bandage of a certain section of the wire strand is seriously cracked which results in wire scattering, it is convenient to repair such local regions under the restrain of the steel wire hoops. Positions for arranging the steel wire hoops comprise: positions in the vicinity of center points of corresponding splay cable saddles, positions in the vicinity of center points of main cable saddles, middle points of side spans, starting points of anchor heads of the side spans, and the middle point of the main span. The steel wire hoops are formed by wrapping zinc-coated steel wires. Materials of the steel wire hoops and the wire strand belong to the same series. To reduce the injury on the steel wires of the inner wire strand, the steel wire hoops have a length of between 100 and 300 mm and a diameter of between 1.0 and 3.0 mm.
- Positions to be preformed of the wire strand corresponding to the main cable saddles and the splay cable saddles are processed by a shaping machine having a quadrilateral inner cavity to shape the cross section of the wire strand from the hexagon into the quadrangle, and then respectively fixed using retaining clips having a quadrilateral inner cavity for four times. Fixed positions are wrapped by the wrapping bandages for setting the shape. The wrapping bandages are wrapped for between 8 and 10 layers, a width of the bandage is between 40 and 60 mm, and a thickness of the bandage is between 0.15 and 0.25 mm, and a tensile resistance of a single layer of the bandage is equal to or larger than 1 kN, thus ensuring that the wire strand of the preformed positions effectively maintains the quadrilateral shape after being coiled. The wrapping by the wrapping bandage has no corrosion on the steel wire and does not destroy the quality of the steel wire.
- As shown in
FIGS. 4-6 , the shaping machine comprises: a U-shaped base 1.1 and a cover plate 1.2 disposed at an opening above the U-shaped base 1.1. The U-shaped base 1.1 and the cover plate 1.2 are both made of nylon materials to avoid the destruction on the steel wire. The U-shaped base 1.1 and the cover plate 1.2 are enclosed to form a quadrilateral shaping through hole matching with the quadrilateral cross section of the wire strand, and the U-shaped base 1.1 and the cover plate 1.2 are connected and fixed together by hexagonal screws 1.3. - Furthermore, curved ribs 1.4 are formed on inner sides opposite to the U-shaped base 1.1. An extending direction of the curved ribs 1.4 is parallel to the direction of the quadrilateral shaping through hole, and a radius of each curved rib 1.4 and an interval between adjacent curved ribs 1.4 respectively match with a radius of the steel wire of the wire strand, thus facilitating the preforming of the wire strand.
- As shown in
FIGS. 7-8 , the retaining clip comprises a quadrilateral shaping through hole for allowing the quadrilateral wire strand to pass through. The retaining clip is formed by locking two independent clamping blocks 2.1 having square openings together, which is convenient to be disassembled, thus being convenient to the shaping and fixation of the wire strand. The retaining clip is also made of nylon material. - The coiling and the cable relaxing are two opposite operations, the tightness of the coiling directly affects the progress of the cable relaxing and also indirectly affects the forming quality of the wire strand. The prefabricated parallel-wire strand is coiled by a coil frame, and a coil diameter is equal to or larger than 30 folds of the diameter of the wire strand.
- The anchor device is the main structure to transmit a cable tension of the prefabricated parallel-wire preformed wire strand to an anchor system. Zinc-copper alloy or zinc-copper-aluminum alloy is adopted for casting, and the casting process is as follows:
- a. Ends of the wire strand are perpendicularly fixed in a casting platform of an anchor cup, the steel wires of the wire strand inserted into the anchor cup are dispersed in the form of concentric circles, oil stains and rusts are removed from the steel wires of the wire strand, a uniform space is maintained, and an inner wall of the anchor cup is cleaned.
- b. After the wire strand is inserted into the anchor cup, a center of the wire strand coincides with a center of the anchor cup, and the steel wire is prevented from contacting with the anchor cup.
- c. A vertical length of the wire strand beneath the anchor cup is equal to or larger than 30 folds of the diameter of the wire strand, and a curved radius is required to be 25 folds larger than the diameter of the wire strand.
- d. A lower opening of the anchor cup is required to be fully sealed to ensure no leakage of the poured alloy from the lower opening, and the anchor cup is preheated before casting the zinc-copper alloy or zinc-copper-aluminum alloy.
- e. When pouring the alloy into the anchor cup, violation is prevented, and the casting is carried out fluently without disruption.
Claims (7)
- A method for fabricating a wire strand from parallel steel wires for a main cable of a suspension bridge, the method comprising:1) fabricating a marking steel wire, including
selecting and coloring a steel wire as a marking steel wire which is to be positioned at a vertex of a wire strand comprising a plurality of parallel steel wires and having an equilateral polygon section;2) fabricating a steel wire having a standard length, including
selecting at least one steel wire having a standard length which is to be positioned at one or more vertexes of the wire strand as a standard steel wire to control an overall length of the wire strand of the suspension bridge; adopting a length of the standard steel wire of the wire strand in an unstressed state as a reference, determining position markers at positions of the standard steel wire corresponding to control points of splay cable saddles, center points of main cable saddles, middle points of side spans, a middle point of a middle span, and starting points being one meter away from anchor heads of anchor spans of the suspension bridge; calculating operation corrections corresponding to the position markers of the standard steel wire subject to error factors; loading and stretching the standard steel wire of the wire strand in an unstressed state on a baseline in a construction field; measuring ambient temperature, and correcting errors of the operation corrections resulting from temperature, stress, and sag; calculating and checking position displacement corresponding to the position markers of the standard steel wire; and drawing, according to design requirements, the position markers at positions of the standard steel wire corresponding to control points of splay cable saddles, center points of main cable saddles, middle points of side spans, a middle point of a middle span, and starting points being one meter away from anchor heads of anchor spans of the suspension bridge;3) relaxing and shaping coils of steel wires, including
loading coils of steel wires having the same double length and the same rotation direction to a pay-out stand; regulating a tension of each coil of the steel wires and shaping a cross section of the steel wires by using a rolling mold comprising shaping wheels and having a hexagonal cross section to yield a prefabricated wire strand comprising a plurality of parallel steel wires; shaping and wrapping the prefabricated wire strand comprising the parallel steel wires at equal intervals by a wrapping bandage; wherein the parallel steel wires comprise feature points corresponding to control points of splay cable saddles, center points of main cable saddles, middle points of side spans, a middle point of a middle span, and starting points of anchor heads of anchor spans of the suspension bridge, and steel wire hoops and shaping clips are disposed on the features points of the parallel steel wires;4) preforming of positions of cable saddles, including
designing dimension and cross section of the prefabricated wire strand according to dimensions of inner cavities of the main cable saddles and the splay cable saddles; according to the design, shaping positions of the prefabricated wire strand corresponding to the main cable saddles and the splay cable saddles by a shaping machine to present a target cross section shape corresponding to the shapes of the inner cavities of the main cable saddles and the splay cable saddles, and then respectively fixing the positions of the wire strand corresponding to the main cable saddles and the splay cable saddles using retaining clips repeatedly; wrapping fixed positions of the strain by wrapping bandages, thus achieving preforming of the positions of the wire strand corresponding to the main cable saddles and the splay cable saddles to ensure the shape of the cross section of the wire strand to match the shapes of the inner cavities of the main cable saddles and the splay cable saddles thus mounting the wire strand in the saddles;
in the step 4), the cross section of the prefabricated wire strand is shaped from a hexagon into a quadrilateral to facilitate the match of preformed positions of the wire strand with the inner cavities of the main cable saddles and the splay cable saddles,
and the shaping machine in the step 4) comprises: a U-shaped base (1.1) and a cover plate (1.2) disposed above an opening of the U-shaped base (1.1); and the U-shaped base (1.1) and the cover plate (1.2) form a quadrilateral through hole matching with the quadrilateral cross section of the wire strand;5) coiling the prefabricated parallel-wire preforming wire strand, including
coiling the wire strand comprising the parallel steel wires by a coil frame, wherein a coil diameter is equal to or larger than 30 folds diameter of the wire strand;6) casting anchor of the prefabricated parallel-wire pre-forming wire strand, including
casting anchor of the wire strand comprising parallel steel wires using a zinc-copper alloy or zinc-copper-aluminum alloy and an anchor device which is a main structure to transmit a cable tension of the wire strand comprising the parallel steel wires to an anchor system. - The method of claim 1, characterized in that the length of the standard steel wire of 2) is determined by baseline measurement; in operation, a tensioning force is applied to two ends of the standard steel wire to straighten the steel wire, and stress correction and temperature correction are then carried out according to the following equation:
- The method of claim 1, characterized in that the steel wire hoops in 3) are formed by wrapping zinc-coated steel wires; and the steel wire hoops have a length of between 100 and 300 mm and a diameter of between 1.0 and 3.0 mm.
- The method of claim 1, characterized in that the wrapping bandage comprises a composite substrate comprising a polyester and fiber bands, and a surface of the matrix is coated with a pressure-sensitive adhesive.
- The method of claim 1, characterized in that curved ribs (1.4) are formed on two opposite inner sides of the U-shaped base; an extending direction of the curved ribs (1.4) is parallel to the steel wires of the wire strand; and a radius of each curved rib (1.4) and an interval between adjacent curved ribs (1.4) both match with a radius of the steel wire of the wire strand.
- The method of claim 1, characterized in that the retaining clip of 4) comprises a quadrilateral through hole for allowing the wire strand to pass through; and the retaining clip comprises two independent clamping blocks (2.1) having square openings together.
- The method of claim 1, characterized in that a casting process of 6) is as follows:a. perpendicularly fixing ends of the wire strand in a casting platform of an anchor cup, inserting the steel wires of the wire strand in the anchor cup are dispersed in the form of concentric circles, removing oil stains and rusts from the steel wires of the wire strand, and cleaning an inner wall of the anchor cup is cleaned;b. after the wire strand is inserted into the anchor cup, coinciding a center of the wire strand with a center of the anchor cup, and preventing the steel wire from contacting with the anchor cup;c. controlling a vertical length of the wire strand beneath the anchor cup to be equal to or larger than 30 folds of the diameter of the wire strand, and a curved radius to be 25 folds larger than the diameter of the wire strand;d. fully sealing a lower opening of the anchor cup to ensure no leakage of the poured alloy from the lower opening, preheating the anchor cup, and casting the zinc-copper alloy or zinc-copper-aluminum alloy; ande. one-step pouring the alloy into the anchor cup steadily and continuously.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201510906592.8A CN105421244B (en) | 2015-12-10 | 2015-12-10 | A kind of preparation method of main rope of suspension bridge Prefabricated parallel preshaping of wire strand |
PCT/CN2016/073350 WO2017096712A1 (en) | 2015-12-10 | 2016-02-03 | Method for fabricating prefabricated parallel steel wire preformed cable strands for main cable of suspension bridge |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3348711A1 EP3348711A1 (en) | 2018-07-18 |
EP3348711A4 EP3348711A4 (en) | 2018-11-14 |
EP3348711B1 true EP3348711B1 (en) | 2019-05-08 |
Family
ID=55499759
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP16871923.5A Active EP3348711B1 (en) | 2015-12-10 | 2016-02-03 | Method for fabricating prefabricated parallel steel wire preformed cable strands for main cable of suspension bridge |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US10584453B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP3348711B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN105421244B (en) |
WO (1) | WO2017096712A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (19)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN105862592B (en) * | 2016-04-13 | 2017-08-11 | 江苏法尔胜缆索有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of hot extruded polyethylene Zn-Al Alloy Coated Steel Wire drag-line |
CN106284082B (en) * | 2016-08-15 | 2019-03-08 | 云南云岭桥隧科技有限公司 | Main rope of suspension bridge strand is preforming and erection construction method |
CN110318331A (en) * | 2019-08-05 | 2019-10-11 | 河源迪奇亚工业技术有限公司 | Main rope of suspension bridge strand is preforming and erection construction method |
CN110362961B (en) * | 2019-08-09 | 2022-11-22 | 中国航发沈阳发动机研究所 | Method for determining bird strike test parameters of fan rotor blade of aircraft engine |
CN110629672A (en) * | 2019-09-02 | 2019-12-31 | 吴兴余 | Manufacturing method of prefabricated parallel steel wire preformed strand for main cable of suspension bridge |
CN110593097B (en) * | 2019-09-04 | 2021-06-15 | 郭斌 | Suspension bridge main push-towing rope preforming strand manufacturing and saddle entering system |
CN110592989B (en) * | 2019-09-17 | 2021-11-30 | 广东迈诺工业技术有限公司 | Manufacturing method of prefabricated parallel steel wire preformed strand for main cable of suspension bridge |
CN110565523A (en) * | 2019-09-17 | 2019-12-13 | 广东迈诺工业技术有限公司 | Suspension bridge main push-towing rope preforming strand manufacturing and saddle entering system |
CN110878523B (en) * | 2019-09-19 | 2020-12-29 | 西南交通大学 | Multi-standard-wire-based suspension bridge main cable strand mark alignment erection method |
CN111651821B (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2023-06-16 | 中铁大桥勘测设计院集团有限公司 | Method for determining positions of strand separation points in loose cable sleeve |
CN111705674B (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2021-03-09 | 西南交通大学 | Method for positioning and erecting suspension bridge main cable to prefabricate parallel cable strands based on scale cable strands |
CN112553981B (en) * | 2020-09-07 | 2022-04-15 | 同济大学 | Long-line cable force control system and method for cable rail structure |
CN112160242A (en) * | 2020-09-23 | 2021-01-01 | 中国铁建投资集团有限公司 | Cable strand processing technology |
CN112411388A (en) * | 2020-11-26 | 2021-02-26 | 西南交通大学 | Alignment erection method for main cable strand marks of suspension bridge based on multi-reference cable strands |
CN113417216B (en) * | 2021-07-09 | 2023-04-25 | 长安大学 | Method for erecting main cable of suspension bridge without reference cable strand |
CN113945436B (en) * | 2021-08-31 | 2023-01-17 | 江苏法尔胜缆索有限公司 | Manufacturing method of high-precision super-long suspension bridge main cable strand standard wire |
CN114032772B (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2024-04-26 | 成都林立宇坤勘察设计有限公司 | Method for designing comprehensive nodes of main cable former unit erected by suspension bridge AS method |
CN114192745B (en) * | 2021-11-05 | 2023-05-26 | 江苏法尔胜缆索有限公司 | Main cable strand anchor filling method for suspension bridge |
CN114411552A (en) * | 2021-12-17 | 2022-04-29 | 江苏法尔胜缆索有限公司 | High-precision reference cable strand manufacturing and marking method for main cable of suspension bridge |
Family Cites Families (24)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2971255A (en) * | 1958-11-06 | 1961-02-14 | Colorado Fuel & Iron Corp | Method of spinning cables for suspension bridges |
GB902240A (en) * | 1959-06-05 | 1962-08-01 | John Howard & Company Ltd | A method of preforming parallel wire strands particularly for bridge cables |
US3526570A (en) * | 1966-08-25 | 1970-09-01 | Bethlehem Steel Corp | Parallel wire strand |
US3500625A (en) * | 1967-05-17 | 1970-03-17 | Isao Gokyu | Parallel cables |
US4117582A (en) * | 1972-08-05 | 1978-10-03 | Wolfgang Borelly | Apparatus for producing parallel wire strands for bridges and the like by winding and unwinding strand of large cross-section and for simultaneously applying corrosion protection thereto |
ES2042271T5 (en) * | 1989-04-12 | 1997-11-01 | Vorspann Technik Gmbh | TENSIONING GROUP OF VARIOUS TENSIONING ELEMENTS SUCH AS LACES, RODS OR WIRES. |
JPH10245817A (en) * | 1997-03-04 | 1998-09-14 | Honsyu Shikoku Renrakukiyou Kodan | Transfer platform having core adjusting mechanism |
FR2798408B1 (en) * | 1999-09-15 | 2002-01-18 | Freyssinet Int Stup | PARALLEL WIRE CABLE FOR CONSTRUCTION OPENING STRUCTURE, ANCHORING SUCH CABLE, AND ANCHORING METHOD |
US7076985B2 (en) * | 2004-03-03 | 2006-07-18 | Howard Thomas Rex | Wire winding machine |
BRPI0517002A (en) * | 2004-10-22 | 2008-09-30 | Beast Cabling Systems Inc | cabling tool |
CN100545351C (en) * | 2007-09-12 | 2009-09-30 | 巨力索具股份有限公司 | Cable suspension rope and preparation method thereof |
CN201221051Y (en) * | 2008-06-20 | 2009-04-15 | 上海浦江缆索股份有限公司 | Shaping fixture for linear unit strand of main cable of rope-suspension bridge |
CN101608429B (en) * | 2008-06-20 | 2012-09-05 | 上海浦江缆索股份有限公司 | Method for manufacturing high strength and large specification wire rope sling |
CN102224284B (en) * | 2008-11-25 | 2013-06-19 | 贝卡尔特公司 | Metal fiber yarn with enhanced strength and processability |
CN201730051U (en) * | 2009-11-27 | 2011-02-02 | 上海浦江缆索股份有限公司 | Prefabricated parallel galvanized aluminized wire cable strand |
CN201665818U (en) * | 2010-03-08 | 2010-12-08 | 江苏法尔胜新日制铁缆索有限公司 | Main cable strand of long-span suspension bridge |
CN101949130B (en) * | 2010-04-27 | 2011-12-07 | 江苏法尔胜新日制铁缆索有限公司 | Method for manufacturing standard wires under control of reference wires |
EP2627926A4 (en) * | 2010-10-11 | 2015-11-11 | Ideal Ind | Cable lacing tie devices and methods of using the same |
CN201933410U (en) * | 2011-03-03 | 2011-08-17 | 重庆万桥交通科技发展有限公司 | Main cable strand |
CN202047368U (en) * | 2011-03-17 | 2011-11-23 | 江苏法尔胜新日制铁缆索有限公司 | Large gauge suspension bridge main cable strand structure adopting 7mm steel wires |
US20120260590A1 (en) * | 2011-04-12 | 2012-10-18 | Lambert Walter L | Parallel Wire Cable |
KR101441846B1 (en) * | 2014-02-19 | 2014-09-19 | 현대건설주식회사 | Breaking Device and Method of Wire Swift, Wire Swift and Manufacturing Apparatus for Prefabricated Parallel Wire Strand for Suspension Bridge using thereof |
CN203947405U (en) * | 2014-03-11 | 2014-11-19 | 江苏法尔胜缆索有限公司 | A kind of main rope of suspension bridge and this main push-towing rope strand |
CN203923907U (en) * | 2014-04-10 | 2014-11-05 | 上海浦江缆索股份有限公司 | The pre-integer unit cable strand of main rope of suspension bridge |
-
2015
- 2015-12-10 CN CN201510906592.8A patent/CN105421244B/en active Active
-
2016
- 2016-02-03 WO PCT/CN2016/073350 patent/WO2017096712A1/en active Application Filing
- 2016-02-03 EP EP16871923.5A patent/EP3348711B1/en active Active
-
2017
- 2017-12-12 US US15/839,805 patent/US10584453B2/en active Active
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
None * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20180100278A1 (en) | 2018-04-12 |
CN105421244A (en) | 2016-03-23 |
EP3348711A1 (en) | 2018-07-18 |
WO2017096712A1 (en) | 2017-06-15 |
CN105421244B (en) | 2017-07-28 |
EP3348711A4 (en) | 2018-11-14 |
US10584453B2 (en) | 2020-03-10 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP3348711B1 (en) | Method for fabricating prefabricated parallel steel wire preformed cable strands for main cable of suspension bridge | |
US8962150B2 (en) | Steel fibre for reinforcing concrete or mortar having an anchorage end with at least two bent sections | |
EP2440718B1 (en) | Concrte structure comprising high elongation fibres with good anchorage | |
US9435122B2 (en) | Steel fibre for reinforcing concrete or mortar having an anchorage end with at least three straight sections | |
EP2440717B1 (en) | High elongation fibres for conventional concrete | |
CN109235732B (en) | Construction method for prefabricated hollow beam slab | |
CN109343591B (en) | Post-tensioning pre-stress tensioning fine control device and method based on intelligent steel strand | |
KR101546213B1 (en) | The testbed for measuring tensile force and the measuring method thereof | |
US3696573A (en) | Pressure container prestressed concrete or the like | |
CN106149541A (en) | The prefabricated box bridge of a kind of prestressed stretch-draw and construction method | |
CN110592989B (en) | Manufacturing method of prefabricated parallel steel wire preformed strand for main cable of suspension bridge | |
CN111855169A (en) | Suspension bridge AS method main cable strand boot anchoring test assembly and test method thereof | |
CN208313712U (en) | A kind of experimental rig of the fixed vertical load of eccentric compression concrete column | |
CN207032036U (en) | A kind of interchangeable anchorage prestress anchoraging device | |
CN207452739U (en) | A kind of cable-stayed bridge beams of concrete mid-span closure segment pre-stress system | |
CN112160242A (en) | Cable strand processing technology | |
CN106932877B (en) | A kind of aerial optical cable route messenger wire erection construction method | |
CN213749355U (en) | Suspension bridge AS method main cable strand boot anchoring test assembly | |
Yoo et al. | High-strength prefabricated parallel wire strand for ulsan harbor bridge and its mass production system in Korea | |
CN115712944A (en) | Large-span prestressed concrete beam reduced scale model modeling method | |
CN117405154A (en) | Ultra-long intelligent composite airtight cable and preparation method thereof | |
CN112627540A (en) | Construction method of prestressed waffle slab for large-scale clean electronic factory building | |
Bright et al. | Evaluation of New Reactive FRP Reinforcement Assemblies for Reinforced Concrete Transportation Structures | |
Atadero et al. | Evaluation of New Reactive FRP Reinforcement Assemblies for Reinforced Concrete Transportation Structures | |
ITMO20080275A1 (en) | METAL REINFORCED PANEL FOR CALDANE |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE INTERNATIONAL PUBLICATION HAS BEEN MADE |
|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION WAS MADE |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20180411 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR |
|
AX | Request for extension of the european patent |
Extension state: BA ME |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: EXAMINATION IS IN PROGRESS |
|
A4 | Supplementary search report drawn up and despatched |
Effective date: 20181012 |
|
RIC1 | Information provided on ipc code assigned before grant |
Ipc: D07B 1/14 20060101ALI20181008BHEP Ipc: E01D 19/16 20060101AFI20181008BHEP Ipc: E01D 11/02 20060101ALI20181008BHEP Ipc: D07B 5/00 20060101ALI20181008BHEP |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20181031 |
|
RAP1 | Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred) |
Owner name: JIANGSU FASTEN STEEL CABLE CO., LTD. |
|
RIN1 | Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected) |
Inventor name: ZHAO, JUN Inventor name: ZHAI, PENGCHENG Inventor name: WANG, JIN Inventor name: WU, QIONG Inventor name: XUE, HUAJUAN Inventor name: LIANG, ZHONGMEI Inventor name: HUANG, KEBIN Inventor name: QIANG, QIANG Inventor name: ZHU, XIAOXIONG Inventor name: NING, SHIWEI Inventor name: ZHOU, ZHUBING Inventor name: SHU, WEIHONG |
|
GRAP | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: GRANT OF PATENT IS INTENDED |
|
INTG | Intention to grant announced |
Effective date: 20190214 |
|
DAV | Request for validation of the european patent (deleted) | ||
DAX | Request for extension of the european patent (deleted) | ||
GRAS | Grant fee paid |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3 |
|
GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE PATENT HAS BEEN GRANTED |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: GB Ref legal event code: FG4D |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: EP Ref country code: AT Ref legal event code: REF Ref document number: 1130315 Country of ref document: AT Kind code of ref document: T Effective date: 20190515 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: IE Ref legal event code: FG4D |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R096 Ref document number: 602016013832 Country of ref document: DE |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: NL Ref legal event code: MP Effective date: 20190508 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: LT Ref legal event code: MG4D |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: NL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190508 Ref country code: SE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190508 Ref country code: HR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190508 Ref country code: PT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190908 Ref country code: AL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190508 Ref country code: FI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190508 Ref country code: NO Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190808 Ref country code: LT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190508 Ref country code: ES Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190508 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190809 Ref country code: BG Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190808 Ref country code: RS Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190508 Ref country code: LV Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190508 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: AT Ref legal event code: MK05 Ref document number: 1130315 Country of ref document: AT Kind code of ref document: T Effective date: 20190508 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190508 Ref country code: EE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190508 Ref country code: AT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190508 Ref country code: CZ Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190508 Ref country code: RO Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190508 Ref country code: SK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190508 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R097 Ref document number: 602016013832 Country of ref document: DE |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SM Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190508 Ref country code: IT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190508 |
|
PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: TR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190508 |
|
26N | No opposition filed |
Effective date: 20200211 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: PL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190508 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: PL |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: BE Ref legal event code: MM Effective date: 20200229 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: MC Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190508 Ref country code: LU Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20200203 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: LI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20200229 Ref country code: CH Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20200229 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20200203 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: BE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20200229 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: MT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190508 Ref country code: CY Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190508 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: MK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190508 Ref country code: IS Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190908 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190508 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Payment date: 20240118 Year of fee payment: 9 Ref country code: GB Payment date: 20240103 Year of fee payment: 9 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Payment date: 20240103 Year of fee payment: 9 |