CN114411552A - High-precision reference cable strand manufacturing and marking method for main cable of suspension bridge - Google Patents
High-precision reference cable strand manufacturing and marking method for main cable of suspension bridge Download PDFInfo
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- CN114411552A CN114411552A CN202111552229.2A CN202111552229A CN114411552A CN 114411552 A CN114411552 A CN 114411552A CN 202111552229 A CN202111552229 A CN 202111552229A CN 114411552 A CN114411552 A CN 114411552A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 42
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- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 8
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- 238000009954 braiding Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D19/00—Structural or constructional details of bridges
- E01D19/16—Suspension cables; Cable clamps for suspension cables ; Pre- or post-stressed cables
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D11/00—Suspension or cable-stayed bridges
- E01D11/02—Suspension bridges
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D21/00—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for erecting or assembling bridges
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
- G01B5/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D2101/00—Material constitution of bridges
- E01D2101/30—Metal
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for manufacturing and marking a high-precision reference cable strand for a main cable of a suspension bridge, which comprises the following steps: and (I) marking the length of the standard wire and performing length measurement and rechecking, wherein the manufacturing precision of the standard wire reaches 1/30000. Secondly, arranging a plurality of standard wires in the reference strand, and dynamically adjusting the back tension of wire materials in the strand according to a correction result by mutually correcting the same mark points on the plurality of standard wires, so that the strand internal error of the strand is reduced, and the strand length precision is improved; meanwhile, the influence of the strand internal error on the length of the strand is considered, the middle average value of the same mark points on the plurality of set standard wires is taken for the mark points of the main cable strand, the position correction of the mark points is realized, and the influence of the strand internal error on the length precision of the strand is reduced. The marking error and the length error may be reduced 1/2. And (III) arranging a plurality of reference cable strands.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a marking method of a high-precision reference cable strand in a bridge main cable.
Background
The sag of a main cable, the elevation of a stiffening beam, the length of a sling, the tension of an anchor span, the pre-deviation amount and the movement amount of a cable saddle and the like need to be monitored in the construction process of a suspension bridge, so that the actual state of each construction stage of the structure is close to the theoretical state of design to the maximum extent, and the internal force and the line shape of the structure in a bridge forming state are ensured to meet the design requirements. The main cable is a main stress member of the suspension bridge, and the cable forming line shape after the cable strands are erected determines the bridge forming line shape, so that the main means for improving the erecting precision of the main cable is to improve the cable forming line shape precision of the suspension bridge. The accuracy of the cable forming of the suspension bridge is ensured by two aspects, namely structural theoretical calculation conforming to the actual condition and high-accuracy linear measurement. The structure theoretical calculation should consider the mechanical property and geometric boundary condition of the actual structure as fully as possible, so that the theoretical calculation model is more consistent with the actual structure.
In the construction monitoring of the suspension bridge, the determination of the value of the structural design parameter as accurately as possible is also the key to ensure the accuracy of the construction simulation analysis. The design parameter error is one of the main factors causing the construction error of the suspension bridge. The design parameter error is the deviation between the ideal design parameter value adopted in the bridge structure analysis and the corresponding design value of the structure actual state. Due to the existence of the design parameter error, errors exist between the calculation analysis of the construction monitoring structure model and the actual construction state, and the actual state of the structure deviates from the expected ideal state. The elastic modulus, the volume weight, the size and the like of the material of the formed member in actual construction always have certain difference with the design theoretical value.
In order to facilitate the adjustment of the cable strand, corresponding mark points are arranged on the cable strand corresponding to the scattered cable saddle, the side span middle, the main cable saddle and the mid span middle during the cable making process, and are used as reference values for the adjustment of the cable strand sag and marked by specific marks. The main cable is provided with 9 marking points, namely a north anchor cable saddle arc vertex M1, a north cross-span middle point M2, a north tower top main cable saddle arc vertex M3, a mid-span middle M4, a south tower top main cable saddle arc vertex M5, a south cross-span middle point M6, a south anchor cable saddle arc vertex M7, and M0 and M8 near the north and south anchor heads, as shown in FIG. 1.
The sag measurement and adjustment of the reference cable strand should be performed at night when the air temperature is stable and the air speed is low, and the basic conditions for temperature stability are as follows: the temperature difference delta T of the strand in the length direction is less than or equal to 2 ℃, and the temperature difference delta T of the strand in the cross section is less than or equal to 1 ℃.
The cable strands except the reference cable strand are common cable strands. The method is characterized in that the sag adjustment method is a relative sag adjustment method, the sag difference between a strand to be adjusted and a reference strand is measured at each sag adjustment point by a relative sag measuring caliper, and if a plurality of reference strands are arranged, one reference strand close to the reference strand is selected as a reference according to the principle of approaching. And calculating the loosening and tightening adjustment amount of the cable strand at the cable saddle according to the sag difference, and after temperature correction, moving the position of the cable strand in the saddle groove to achieve the purpose of sag adjustment until the relative sag difference is smaller than the design requirement. For the convenience of sag adjustment and the guarantee of the sag, when a common cable strand is put into a saddle, the sag of the span of the cable strand is pre-increased by 200-300 mm, so that the cable strand to be adjusted is not pressed on a reference cable strand or an adjusted cable strand to influence the adjustment precision of the cable strand. In addition, if the adjusted strands are left separated (not pressed or contacted), it is necessary to avoid the strands from being stacked. The control method is complicated and the construction difficulty is high in severe environment.
In addition, because the traditional reference cable strand is the same as the common cable strand manufacturing method, namely, a plurality of marking points are arranged on the main cable according to the installation positions in the manufacturing stage, the marking points are expected to be precisely matched with the design IP points on the main scattered cable saddle in the installation stage, but the deviation between the elastic modulus and the diameter of the steel wires forming the cable strand and the standard wire for controlling the length precision of the steel wires is large, so that the marking error of the reference cable strand is large, and the purpose of using the reference cable strand as the reference cable strand cannot be really realized.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, a high-precision reference strand marking method for a main cable of an oversized span suspension bridge is provided, and the purpose of performing strand linear control by using the high-precision reference strand as a reference and using a general main cable strand as an auxiliary reference is achieved.
The manufacturing accuracy of the main cable strand length depends on the length measurement and marking accuracy of the standard wire. In the manufacturing process of each strand of the main cable, a steel wire is selected to manufacture a standard wire, a plurality of (9) marking points provided by design and monitoring are marked with segment lengths on the standard wire by adopting a laser range finder and other high-precision devices, the end points of the standard wire are marked at two anchor filling control points, then parallel steel wire strands are woven by taking the marking points as a reference, and then the corresponding 9 positions of the strands are marked. Due to the presence of strands braided from steel wireError in braidingAnd this error is the largest among strand length errors.
To realize the erection of the main cable strand by the marking method, the method is fundamentally used for improving the length precision of the main cable reference strand, and comprises the following steps: (1) the marking precision of the standard wire marking points is improved, and the influence of the steel wire elasticity modulus dispersion and the steel wire diameter dispersion on the steel wire marking points is reduced; (2) the influence of the elastic modulus and the diameter of a single standard wire on the integral marking of the cable strand is reduced by adopting a plurality of high-precision standard wires; (3) the steel wire of the reference cable strand is a steel wire with small elastic modulus and diameter deviation, so that the integral error of the reference cable strand is reduced; (4) a main cable is provided with a plurality of high-precision reference strands, and mutual proofreading among the reference strands is realized.
A method for manufacturing and marking high-precision reference cable strands for main cables of a suspension bridge comprises the following steps
Length marking and length measuring rechecking of standard silk
(1.1) before manufacturing a standard wire, firstly manufacturing a reference wire, wherein the elastic modulus and the diameter of the reference wire must be standard values, the reference wire is subjected to reciprocating measurement for more than 6 times by using a distance meter to ensure that the precision of the reference wire reaches more than 1/100000+1mm, and the reference wire is placed on a standard wire manufacturing pedestal and used as a fixed steel wire graduated scale and used as a reference for manufacturing the standard wire;
(1.2) before marking the standard silk, measuring the elastic modulus and the diameter of the head and the tail of the standard silk, wherein the average value of the measurement result needs to meet the requirements of the standard elastic modulus and the standard diameter;
(1.3) placing the standard wire in a marking workshop for a period of time, then expanding the standard wire on a standard wire pedestal section by section, and measuring the temperature of the head, the middle and the tail of an expansion section;
(1.4) loading a load at the tail end of the standard wire to enable the standard wire to reach a preset constant stress state;
(1.5) contrasting the reference wire, marking the length of each marking position on the current expanded section of the standard wire, and considering the correction of elasticity, sag and temperature on the basis of the unstressed length of each marking point;
(1.6) measuring the marked points of the standard wire for more than two times respectively, recording the measurement results, rolling up the current section after marking and length measurement of the marked points on the current unfolded section are completed, starting length measurement rechecking of the next section, and completing marking point marking and length measurement rechecking of the whole roll of the standard wire in sequence.
(II) making and marking of high-precision reference cable strand
(2.1) the method proposes that the deviations of the elastic moduli of the 127 steel wires constituting the reference strand are not more than. + -. 0.05X 105MPa, and the diameter deviation is not more than +/-0.01 mm. And the average value of the steel wire elastic modulus and the steel wire diameter is basically consistent with the standard wire elastic modulus and the diameter of the control length mark.
(2.2) reducing the influence of the elastic modulus and the diameter of a single standard wire on the integral mark of the strand by adopting a plurality of standard wires
Arranging a plurality of standard wires in the strand, and dynamically adjusting the back tension of wire materials in the strand according to a correction result by mutually correcting the same mark points on the plurality of standard wires, so as to reduce the strand internal error of the strand and improve the length precision of the strand; meanwhile, the influence of the strand internal error on the length of the strand is considered, the middle average value of the same mark points on the plurality of set standard wires is taken for the mark points of the main cable strand, the position correction of the mark points on the strand is realized, and the influence of the strand internal error on the length precision of the strand is reduced.
The method also comprises the following steps: step (III) of arranging a plurality of high-precision reference cable strands
In order to improve the precision of a reference cable strand and reduce the length deviation caused by the elastic modulus dispersion and the diameter dispersion of steel wires in the reference cable strand, when the standard state of the reference cable strand for the cable strand marking method erection control technology is the reference temperature of 20 ℃, zero tower deflection and zero tower height deviation, design parameters are corrected through parameter identification and measurement data to calculate, and the linear state of the reference cable strand is determined according to the principle that the unstressed length of the reference cable strand is unchanged;
to facilitate the reference strand alignment calculation, the calculation process uses the following basic assumptions: (1) strand material strand elasticity: the reference strand material is a linear elastic material, namely the stress and the strain are in a linear relation in a stress range; (2) strand material ideal flexibility: the cable strand only bears the tensile force in the stress calculation process and does not bear the compression and bending resistance; (3) small deformation of the cable strand: the change of the cross section of the main cable before and after deformation is not considered, the change quantity of the cross section area of the reference cable strand under the action of the dead weight is very small, and a plurality of high-precision reference cable strands can be arranged by neglecting the change of the line quality caused by the change of the cross section.
In the above method, in the step (1.2), the diameter deviation of the standard yarn is within the range of. + -. 0.01mm, and the elastic modulus deviation is within the range of. + -. 0.01X 105The MPa range.
In the method, in the step (1.3), the reference wire pedestal and the standard wire pedestal comprise a fixed pedestal, a plurality of roller supporting pedestals, a fixed pulley pedestal and weights which are sequentially arranged, the starting end of the wire is fixed on the fixed pedestal, then the wire is sequentially supported on the plurality of roller supporting pedestals, finally the wire is turned by the fixed pulleys on the fixed pulley pedestal, the tail end of the wire is hung with the weight with the self weight of 50 Kg-200 Kg, the standard weight with the self weight of 50 Kg-200 Kg is adopted for constant loading, the length mark deviation of the steel wire caused by load fluctuation is avoided, and the roller supporting pedestals form support and constant loading on the wire through rollers.
In the method, in the step (1.3), the head-to-tail temperature discrete value of the expansion section is not more than 1 degree.
In the method, in the step (1.4), the standard yarns made of the same main cable strand are selected from the standard yarns produced by different teams, so that the standard yarns of one strand are prevented from being totally wrong, namely, batch errors are avoided.
In the method, the theoretical precision of the standard wire manufactured by the method in the step (I) reaches 1/30000+1 mm.
In the above method, the plurality of standard wires in step (two) may be selected from a plurality of corner wires on the strand as standard wires; or the standard wire is selected from wire materials on a plurality of corners and a plurality of planes on the strand; or all the wire materials on two adjacent planes on the strand are selected as standard wires.
In the method, aiming at the step (three), through deep research on the stress characteristics of a suspension bridge structure system, the suspension bridge is found to be not an ideal parabola or an ideal catenary in the bridge forming state. For the large-span suspension bridge, the line shapes calculated by adopting a parabola theory or a catenary theory have certain deviation from the actual line shapes. In practice, the main cable should be a catenary, i.e. a segmental catenary, of each cable segment between the slings under the action of the dead weight. The segmented catenary method adopts an analytical expression and a numerical iterative calculation method to solve a given problem, determines the cable force and the curve shape of each part according to a mechanical balance condition and a deformation compatibility condition, automatically counts all nonlinearity of a cable curve, and greatly improves the calculation precision. The calculation of the segmented catenary method for a main-span cable shape is as follows: the main cable with concentrated external load is stressed as shown in figure 12. For the suspension bridge empty cable shape, the actual shape of the main cable is a catenary under the action of dead load, as shown in fig. 12.
Corresponding to a plurality of cable segments which are connected and act on concentrated load at branch points. The suspension cable is provided with N branch points (including end points), and N vertical concentrated loads and N horizontal concentrated loads are acted on the suspension cable besides dead weights W (shown in a concentrated mode in the figure) which are uniformly distributed along a cable curve. According to the method, a segmented catenary method is generally adopted for linear calculation of the reference cable strand, and the calculation formula is as follows:
Si＝S0i+dSy
wherein:
1, 2, 3, …, N, N is a natural number;
Viis a vertical component force V of the starting point of the right side cable section of the i point of the main cable0＝V；
HiIs the horizontal component force of the right cable section of the main cable point i0＝H；
Xi、YiIs the coordinate of the i point;
X0、Y0is a tangent point coordinate;
v is the vertical component force of the main cable; h is the horizontal component force of the main cable;
w is the dead weight evenly distributed along the cable curve;
e is the elastic modulus of the main cable strand;
a is the sectional area of the main cable strand;
S0i、dS0i、Si、dSithe shape length, the initial elongation, the unstressed length and the stage stress elongation of the i-point right-side cable segment are respectively, as long as the unstressed length of each cable segment and H, V of an end point of a suspension cable are determined, the position of each point can be calculated through the formula, and the line shape of the main cable-spanning strand is also completely determined.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a main strand marker of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the deployment of the reference wire on the stage according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an arrangement of 6 standard filaments of a hexagonal main cable strand according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of marking 6 standard filaments and the corrected marks in the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a main cable strand marking after 6 standard filament markings are corrected according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an arrangement of 12 standard filaments of a hexagonal main cable strand according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the marking of 12 standard filaments and the corrected marking in the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a main cable strand marking after the 12 standard filament markings are corrected according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of an arrangement of 13 standard filaments of a hexagonal main cable strand according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of 13 standard filament marks and a corrected mark according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a main cable strand marking after 13 standard filament markings are corrected according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic illustration of a catenary of a main cable section of a suspension bridge;
in the figure, a fixed pedestal 1, a roller support pedestal 2, a fixed pulley pedestal 3, and a weight 4 are shown.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawings, which are illustrative and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. The description of the present embodiment is corresponding to the accompanying drawings, and the description related to the orientation is also based on the description of the accompanying drawings, and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
The specific implementation scheme is as follows:
a high-precision reference strand marking method for a main cable of a suspension bridge is fundamentally used for improving the length precision of the main cable reference strand, and comprises the following steps: (1) the marking precision of the standard wire marking points is improved, and the influence of the steel wire elasticity modulus dispersion and the steel wire diameter dispersion on the steel wire marking points is reduced; (2) and the influence of the elastic modulus and the diameter of a single standard wire on the integral marking of the cable strand is reduced by adopting a plurality of high-precision standard wires. (3) And arranging a plurality of high-precision reference wires.
The specific method comprises the following steps:
(1) process for making high precision standard wire
(1.1) before the standard wire is manufactured, a reference wire is manufactured by adopting the steel wire with the same technical requirements as the project. The reference wire elastic modulus and diameter must be standard values. The reference wire adopts a high-precision distance measuring instrument to carry out reciprocating measurement for more than 6 times, and the precision of the reference wire is ensured to reach more than 1/100000+1 mm. And placing the reference wire on a standard wire manufacturing pedestal, and manufacturing the standard wire by taking the reference wire as a fixed steel wire graduated scale.
(1.2) before making the standard filament, the elastic modulus and the diameter of the head and the tail of the standard filament are measured, and the average value of the measured results is required to reach the standard elastic modulus (such as 2.0 multiplied by 10)5MPa) and standard diameter (e.g., 6.00 mm).
(1.3) placing the standard silk in a marking workshop for more than two days, then unfolding the standard silk on a standard silk pedestal section by section, wherein the unfolding length is about 350m, measuring the temperature of the head, the middle part and the tail of the unfolding section, and the temperature deviation of the head, the middle part and the tail of the standard silk is not more than 1 degree.
And (1.4) loading the tail end of the standard wire by adopting a standard weight, wherein the loading load is 50 Kg-200 Kg, so that the standard wire reaches a preset constant stress state.
And (1.5) comparing with the reference wire, marking the length of each marking position on the current unfolding section of the standard wire, wherein each marking point considers the correction of elasticity, sag and temperature on the basis of the unstressed length.
(1.6) measuring the marked points marked by the standard silk for more than 2 times, and recording the measurement results. And after the marking and the measurement of the marking point on the current unfolded section are finished, the current section is rolled up, the length measurement rechecking of the next section is started, and the marking of the marking point and the length measurement rechecking of the whole roll of standard wire are finished in sequence.
The theoretical precision of the standard wire manufactured by the method can reach 1/30000+1 mm.
(2) Manufacturing method of high-precision reference cable strand
(II) making and marking of high-precision reference cable strand
(2.1) the method requires that the deviations in the elastic modulus of 127 steel wires constituting a reference strand be not more than. + -. 0.05X 105MPa, and the diameter deviation is not more than +/-0.01 mm. And the steel wire elastic modulus, the average value of the steel wire diameter and the standard wire elastic die for controlling the length markThe amount and diameter are substantially the same.
(2.2) according to the project, a plurality of standard wires are arranged in the reference strand, so that the mark points of the standard wires are mutually corrected, the post-tension of the steel wires in the strand is dynamically adjusted according to the correction result, the strand internal error of the main cable strand is greatly reduced, and the strand length precision is further improved.
Meanwhile, the influence of factors such as the internal error of the reference strand, the elastic modulus of the steel wire in the strand, the diameter and the like on the overall length of the strand is considered, the mean value of the plurality of standard wires is taken for the marking of the main cable high-precision reference strand, the segmented marking length Delta L is corrected, and the influence of factors such as the internal steel wire error of the strand, the elastic modulus deviation of the steel wire, the diameter deviation of the steel wire and the like on the length precision of the strand is reduced.
Taking a hexagonal cable strand as an example, the calibration case of the multi-standard wire marking point is as follows:
(2.1) selecting steel wires at six corner points of the high-precision reference strand as standard wires, as shown in figure 3.
Considering the influence of the intra-strand error on the length of the cable strand, 6 standard wires can be arranged on the main cable strand erected by the marking method. For the mark of the main cable strand, the mean value of six standard wires in the drawing is taken, and the correction of Delta L is carried out, so that the influence of the strand internal error on the length precision of the strand is reduced.
The schematic diagram of the 6 standard silk marks and the marks after correction is shown in fig. 4, and the schematic diagram of the main cable strand marks after correction according to the 6 standard silk marks is shown in fig. 5.
And (2.2) selecting steel wires at six corner points of the high-precision reference strand as standard wires, as shown in figure 6.
Considering the influence of the intra-strand error on the length of the cable strand, 12 standard wires can be arranged for the main cable strand erected by the marking method. For the marking of the main cable strand, the mean value of the marking points of 12 standard wires in the drawing (six angular points and the centers of six planes respectively) is taken, and the correction of delta L is carried out, so that the influence of the strand internal error on the length precision of the strand is reduced.
The schematic diagram of the mark of the 12 standard wires and the mark after correction is shown in fig. 7, and the schematic diagram of the mark of the main cable strand after correction according to the mark of the 12 standard wires is shown in fig. 8.
(2.3) selecting steel wires on six corner points of the cable strand as standard wires, as shown in figure 9.
Considering the influence of the intra-strand error on the length of the cable strand, 13 standard wires can be arranged on the main cable strand erected by the marking method. For the marking of the main cable strand, the mean value of the marking points of 13 standard wires in the drawing is taken, and the correction of Delta L is carried out, so that the influence of the strand internal error on the length precision of the strand is reduced.
The schematic diagram of the 13 standard silk marks and the marks after correction is shown in fig. 10, and the schematic diagram of the main cable strand marks after correction according to the 13 standard silk marks is shown in fig. 11.
The elastic modulus and the diameter of the steel wire for manufacturing the standard wire on the same strand are consistent, and the length error caused by the elastic modulus deviation and the diameter deviation is eliminated. The standard wire is selected to be manufactured in different teams and groups, and the detection personnel of different teams and groups recheck the standard wire, so that the risk of errors caused by considering operation when the standard wire appears together is reduced.
By adopting the method, the marking errors and the length errors of the cable strand scattered cable saddle arc top point, the side span mid-point, the tower top main cable saddle arc point, the mid-span mid-point, the tower top main cable saddle arc top point, the side span mid-point, the scattered cable saddle top and the control points near the two anchor heads caused by the strand internal error can be reduced by 1/2, and the cable strand precision is greatly improved.
(3) Setting a plurality of high-precision reference cable strands
In order to improve the precision of the reference cable strand and reduce the length deviation caused by the elastic modulus dispersion and the diameter dispersion of steel wires in the reference cable strand, the standard state of the reference cable strand for the cable strand marking method erection control technology refers to the linear state of the reference cable strand determined according to the principle that the unstressed length of the reference cable strand is unchanged, wherein the standard state of the reference cable strand refers to the standard temperature of 20 ℃, and the standard state is calculated by correcting design parameters through parameter identification and measurement data when the standard state is zero tower deflection and zero tower height deviation.
To facilitate the reference strand alignment calculation, the calculation process uses the following basic assumptions: (1) strand material strand elasticity: the reference strand material (high-strength parallel steel wire bundles) is a linear elastic material, and the stress and the strain are in a linear relation within a normal stress range; (2) strand material ideal flexibility: in the stress calculation process, the cable strand only bears the tensile force and does not bear the compression and bending resistance; (3) small deformation of the cable strand: the change of the cross section of the main cable before and after deformation is not considered, the change quantity of the cross section area of the reference cable strand under the action of the dead weight is very small, and a plurality of high-precision reference cable strands can be arranged by neglecting the change of the line quality caused by the change of the cross section.
For the shape of the suspension bridge empty cable, the actual line shape of the main cable is a catenary line under the action of dead load, and the line shape calculation of the reference cable strand generally adopts a segmented catenary line method.
The elastic modulus of the steel wire in the high-precision reference strand is controlled to be 1.99-2.01 multiplied by 105Within the MPa range, the diameter deviation is controlled within the range of +/-0.01 mm, and the length precision of the reference cable strand is improved.
Taking a high-precision reference cable strand with the length of 3003 meters as an example, the theoretical analysis of the cable strand length precision after the method is adopted is as follows:
main cable length: l-3003.4794 m
Base line table roller spacing: l is 5m
Length of base line table: 350m for S
Steel wire elastic modulus: e is 200000MPa
Sectional area of steel wire: a ═ 6/22×π
Loading weight mass (tension F): m50 kg (F490 kN)
Coefficient of linear expansion of steel wire: alpha is 1.2 x 10-5
The error analysis and calculation of the specific standard silk system are shown in the following table:
high-precision standard wire error analysis meter
Total error: (Delta L)1 2+△L2 2+△L3 2+△L4 2+△L5 2+△L6 2+△L7 2)1/241.5mm, high precision standard filament length precision: Delta/L1/72373
According to the precision of the standard wire, the manufacturing error condition of the high-precision main cable strand is combined, and the high-precision main cable strand manufacturing error analysis is shown in the following table:
meter high precision standard cable strand manufacturing process system error analysis meter (including strand inner error)
High-precision length precision of reference cable strand (considering strand internal error limit)xt/L≈1/18886。
Claims (9)
1. A method for marking a reference strand for a main cable of a suspension bridge is characterized by comprising the following steps: shall comprise
Step one, length marking and length measuring rechecking of standard silk
(1.1) before manufacturing a standard wire, firstly manufacturing a reference wire, wherein the elastic modulus and the diameter of the reference wire must be standard values, the reference wire is subjected to reciprocating measurement for more than 6 times by using a distance meter to ensure that the precision of the reference wire reaches more than 1/100000+1mm, and the reference wire is placed on a standard wire manufacturing pedestal and used as a fixed steel wire graduated scale and used as a reference for manufacturing the standard wire;
(1.2) before marking the standard silk, measuring the elastic modulus and the diameter of the head and the tail of the standard silk, wherein the average value of the measurement result needs to meet the requirements of the standard elastic modulus and the standard diameter;
(1.3) placing the standard wire in a marking workshop for a period of time, then expanding the standard wire on a standard wire pedestal section by section, and measuring the temperature of the head, the middle and the tail of an expansion section;
(1.4) loading a load at the tail end of the standard wire to enable the standard wire to reach a preset constant stress state;
(1.5) contrasting the reference wire, marking the length of each marking position on the current expanded section of the standard wire, and considering the correction of elasticity, sag and temperature on the basis of the unstressed length of each marking point;
(1.6) measuring the marked mark points of the standard wire for more than two times respectively, recording the measurement results, rolling up the current section after marking and length measurement of the mark points on the current unfolded section are completed, starting length measurement rechecking of the next section, and completing marking of the mark points and length measurement rechecking of the whole roll of standard wire in sequence;
step (II), manufacturing and marking of reference cable strand
(2.1) the elastic modulus deviation and the diameter deviation of all the wires which are woven into the same reference strand need to meet the requirements of standard elastic modulus and standard diameter, and the average values of the elastic modulus and the steel wire diameter of the wires are basically consistent with the elastic modulus and the diameter of the standard wires;
(2.2) reducing the influence of the elastic modulus and the diameter of a single standard wire on the integral mark of the strand by adopting a plurality of standard wires, arranging the plurality of standard wires in the reference strand, mutually correcting the same mark points on the plurality of standard wires, and dynamically adjusting the back tension of wire materials in the strand according to the correction result, thereby reducing the strand internal error of the strand and improving the length precision of the strand; meanwhile, considering the influence of the strand internal error on the length of the strand, taking the mean value of the same mark points on a plurality of set standard wires for the mark points of the main cable strand, and realizing the position correction of the mark points;
or further comprising: step (III) of arranging a plurality of reference cable strands
In order to improve the precision of the reference cable strand and reduce the length deviation caused by the elastic modulus dispersion and the diameter dispersion of steel wires in the reference cable strand, the standard state of the reference cable strand for the cable strand marking method erection control technology is the linear state of the reference cable strand determined according to the principle that the unstressed length of the reference cable strand is unchanged, wherein the standard state of the reference cable strand is the reference temperature of 20 ℃, and when the tower deviation and the tower height deviation are zero, the standard state is calculated by correcting design parameters through parameter identification and measurement data.
2. The method of claim 1, whichIs characterized in that: in the step (1.2), the diameter deviation of the standard wire is within the range of +/-0.01 mm, and the elastic modulus deviation is within the range of +/-0.01 multiplied by 105The MPa range;
in the step (2.1), the elastic modulus deviation of all the wires which are woven into the same reference strand is not more than +/-0.05 multiplied by 105MPa, and the diameter deviation is not more than +/-0.01 mm.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein: in step (1.3), benchmark silk pedestal, standard silk pedestal support pedestal, fixed pulley pedestal, weight including the solid fixed pedestal, a plurality of gyro wheels that arrange in order, and the initiating terminal of silk material is fixed in gu fixed pedestal then supports in proper order in a plurality of gyro wheel supports the pedestal, passes through at last the fixed pulley on the solid fixed pulley pedestal turns to, and the silk material end is hung the weight and is realized the permanent loading.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein: in the step (1.3), the head-middle-tail temperature discrete value of the expansion section is not more than 1 degree.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein: in the step (1.4), the standard wires manufactured by the same main cable strand are selected from the standard wires produced by different teams, so that the condition that all the standard wires of one cable strand have errors, namely batch errors, is avoided.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein: the theoretical precision of the standard wire manufactured by the method in the step (I) reaches 1/30000+1 mm.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein: in the step (two), the first step is carried out,
the plurality of standard wires are selected from a plurality of corner wire materials on the strand as standard wires;
or the standard wire is selected from wire materials on a plurality of corners and a plurality of planes on the strand;
or all the wire materials on two adjacent planes on the strand are selected as standard wires.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein: in the step (iii), in order to facilitate the calculation of the reference strand line shape, the following basic assumptions are adopted in the calculation process: (1) strand material strand elasticity: the reference strand material is a linear elastic material, namely the stress and the strain are in a linear relation in a stress range; (2) strand material ideal flexibility: the cable strand only bears the tensile force in the stress calculation process and does not bear the compression and bending resistance; (3) small deformation of the cable strand: the change of the cross section of the main cable before and after deformation is not considered, the change quantity of the cross section area of the reference cable strand under the action of the dead weight is very small, and a plurality of high-precision reference cable strands can be arranged by neglecting the change of the line quality caused by the change of the cross section.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein: in the step (iii), a segmented catenary method is generally adopted for linear calculation of the reference strand, and the calculation formula is as follows:
Si＝S0i+dSi
wherein:
1, 2, 3, …, N, N is natural number, ViIs a vertical component force V of the starting point of the right side cable section of the i point of the main cable0＝V；
HiIs the horizontal component force of the right cable section of the main cable point i0＝H；
Xi、YiIs iCoordinates of the points;
X0、Y0is a tangent point coordinate;
v is the vertical component force of the main cable; h is the horizontal component force of the main cable;
w is the dead weight evenly distributed along the cable curve;
e is the elastic modulus of the main cable strand;
a is the sectional area of the main cable strand;
S0i、dS0i、Si、dSithe shape length, the initial elongation, the unstressed length and the stage stress elongation of the i-point right-side cable segment are respectively, as long as the unstressed length of each cable segment and H, V of an end point of a suspension cable are determined, the position of each point can be calculated through the formula, and the line shape of the main cable-spanning strand is also completely determined.
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