Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
  • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
  • F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
  • F28D20/02—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat
  • F28D20/023—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat the latent heat storage material being enclosed in granular particles or dispersed in a porous, fibrous or cellular structure
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
  • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
  • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
  • F28F9/007—Auxiliary supports for elements
  • F28F9/013—Auxiliary supports for elements for tubes or tube-assemblies
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
  • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
  • F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
  • F28D2020/0065—Details, e.g. particular heat storage tanks, auxiliary members within tanks
  • F28D2020/0078—Heat exchanger arrangements
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
  • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
  • F28F2220/00—Closure means, e.g. end caps on header boxes or plugs on conduits
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
  • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
  • Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage

Definitions

• Storage heat exchange bundle for storage thermal battery comprising tubes
• the present invention relates to the field of thermal storage batteries using, for heat exchange elements, a bundle of tubes for storing and releasing a determined quantity of heat, the tubes containing a material adapted to store and release a determined quantity of heat, in particular a phase change material (PCM).
• PCM phase change material
• the invention relates to a storage heat exchange bundle.
• a thermal storage battery is, for example, used to distribute heat, via the heating system, in the passenger compartment of a hybrid motor vehicle, that is to say combining a motor powered by the energy thermal and electrical energy. Furthermore, this type of thermal battery can be used to preheat a heat transfer fluid, engine oil or oil of the automatic gearbox, and during the cold start of said motor vehicle.
• the charging of said thermal battery is, in principle, performed during the charging of the electric battery.
• the electric battery serves to move said electric vehicle.
• the thermal energy stored in the thermal battery can be used during the start of the heating system to distribute heat in the passenger compartment of the motor vehicle.
• the heating system for heating the air of the passenger compartment of a motor vehicle operates using a fluid such as a heat transfer fluid. In order to heat the cabin air, the thermal battery heats the heat transfer fluid before it passes inside the heating radiator, the radiator heating the air intended to be diffused into the passenger compartment. The energy provided by the thermal battery thus saves the corresponding energy stored by the battery which would have been used in the absence of a thermal storage battery.
• thermal storage battery in a hybrid vehicle makes it possible to store thermal energy during the charging of the electric battery.
• This thermal battery can be recharged via the coolant, when the engine of the hybrid vehicle is in thermal operating mode, that is to say operating with the engine.
• the thermal energy stored inside the thermal battery comes from the energy produced during a previous driving of said vehicle.
• Fluids used to cool the engine or automatic gearbox for example, can be used to charge the thermal battery.
• the oil of the automatic gearbox rejects, in a conventional use, a given amount of heat.
• Said specified quantity of heat can be stored in a thermal battery and then used during the starting of the motor vehicle to allow the rapid increase in the temperature of the heating of the air of the passenger compartment and / or the engine oil and / or automatic gearbox oil, thereby reducing the friction due to the viscosity of said oil.
• the viscosity of the oil is even higher than the temperature is low.
• the thermal battery can be charged by the thermal energy of the automatic gearbox oil, heat transfer fluid or engine oil circuits.
• MCP phase change material
• PCM Phase Change Material
• Each end of the micro tube is closed by welding, gluing or by a mechanical plug.
• the micro-tubes are organized into a bundle before their tight closure.
• the bundle organization is performed by collectors, grids, spacers, ... allowing the maintenance of the microtubes.
• the problem created by these solutions is that the tightness is checked once the heat exchange bundle has been completed. In other words, it is at the end of manufacture of the heat exchange bundle that its tightness is verified. If a leakage of phase change material is detected, the complete heat exchange bundle is rejected.
• micro-tubes already filled with phase-change material and tightly closed are stored directly in a housing, without collector.
• Micro-tubes having an inflexible structure, tend to bend and organized placement in the housing is not simple. This results in a loss of compactness of the heat exchange bundle.
• One of the aims of the present invention is therefore to at least partially overcome the drawbacks of the state of the art by proposing a storage heat exchange bundle in which tubes can be filled with material adapted to store and release a determined quantity. heat and tightly closed before being stored in a very compact and very simple beam.
• the present invention therefore relates to a storage heat exchange beam for storage thermal battery comprising a plurality of tubes containing a material adapted to store and release a predetermined quantity of heat, the tubes being assembled on at least one manifold, at least one end of each tube being provided with a first connection means, the manifold 4 being provided with a plurality second connection means, the first connecting means of the tubes being adapted to cooperate with one of said second connection means of the collector to allow the assembly of the tubes on the collector.
• each tube further comprises a closure means capable of closing one end of said tube.
• the first connection means is disposed on the means for closing the tube.
• the tube closure means is a plug adapted to be inserted into one end of the tube.
• the first connection means is a pad.
• the second connection means is a hole made in the collector adapted to receive a first connection means.
• the first connection means comprises a hole adapted to receive a second connection means.
• the second connection means is a pad.
• the collector comprises a plurality of second connecting means arranged in staggered rows.
• the tubes are assembled on the collector parallel to each other, the second connection means being at a distance from one another, the distance being at least equal to the diameter of a tube.
• the invention also relates to a thermal battery comprising a storage heat exchange bundle.
• the invention also relates to a tube containing a material adapted to store and release a determined amount of heat, characterized in that the tube is provided on at least one of its ends with a first connection means.
• Figure la shows a perspective view of a storage heat exchange bundle according to a first embodiment of the invention in which three tubes are represented,
• FIG. 1b shows another perspective view of a storage heat exchange bundle according to a particular embodiment of the first embodiment of the invention in which three other tubes are shown,
• FIG. 2 shows an enlarged view of a lateral end of the storage heat exchange bundle of FIG.
• FIG. 3 shows an exploded and enlarged view of a lateral end of the storage heat exchange bundle of FIG. 1b
• FIG. 4 is an exploded view of the end of a tube according to the particular embodiment of the first embodiment
• FIG. 5 is an exploded and enlarged view of a lateral end of the storage heat exchange bundle according to a second embodiment of the invention
• Figure 6 is a perspective view of a storage heat exchange bundle comprising three spacers.
• a thermal storage storage heat exchange bundle according to the invention comprises a plurality of tubes.
• the tubes are tubes, for example cylindrical, of synthetic material, particularly of plastic material of longitudinal shape, that is to say that their length is much larger than their diameter.
• the tubes are of square or oval section.
• each of the tubes contains a material adapted to store and release a determined amount of heat, for example a phase change material (PCM).
• PCM phase change material
• the tube is provided on at least one of its ends with a first connection means.
• the tubes are assembled on a collector.
• at least one end of each tube is provided with a first connection means and the manifold is provided with a plurality of second connection means.
• the first connection means of the tubes is adapted to cooperate with one of said second connection means of the collector to allow the assembly of the tubes on the collector.
• FIG. 1a a storage heat exchange bundle 9, according to the invention, is represented according to a first embodiment.
• the storage heat exchange bundle 9 comprises two collectors 4 and tubes 1.
• first connection means 10 At each end 3 of the tube 1 is a first connection means 10.
• the first connection means 10 is a hole, in particular a cylindrical hole, adapted to receive a second connection means.
• Each tube 1 further comprises a closing means capable of closing one end, this closure means allowing the phase change material not to leak.
• the first connection means 10 is disposed on the means for closing the tube.
• the first connection means 10, for example the hole 10 can be positioned on the closure means separate from the tube 1 or be an integral part of the tube 1. This is the case for example of the tube 1 at the output of manufacture which has only one open end, the closed end as for it may comprise a connection means in the form of a hole.
• the collectors 4 are plates that can be made for example of plastic or metal material. Each collector 4 is provided with a plurality of second connection means 11. According to the example illustrated in Figure la, the second connection means are pads 11, in particular cylindrical pads.
• the number of second connection means 11 is equal to the number of tubes 1 that must be composed of the storage heat exchange bundle 9. In FIG. 1a, only three tubes 1 are shown.
• the first connecting means of the tubes and the second connection means of the collector are able to cooperate to allow the assembly of the tubes 1 on the collector 4.
• the studs 11 are able to be inserted into the holes 10 located on the ends of the tubes 1.
• the diameter of the holes 10 must be slightly greater than the diameter of the pads 11 so that the pads 11 can be inserted into the holes 10.
• the diameter of the holes 10 must not be too much greater than that of the pads 11 otherwise the tubes 1 would no longer be held on the manifold 4, especially during vibrations due to the rolling of the vehicle under extreme conditions.
• the diameters of the holes 10 and the pads 11 depend on the diameter of the tube 1.
• the diameter of the holes 10 is 2.6 mm with a tolerance of ⁇ 0.1 mm
• the diameter of the studs It is 2.3 mm with a tolerance of ⁇ 0.1 mm.
• the diameter of the holes 10 is for example 1.3 mm with a tolerance of ⁇ 0.1 mm
• the diameter of the studs 11 is 1 mm with a tolerance of ⁇ 0.1 mm.
• a stud 11 may be in the form of a prism of any base (rectangular, square, star, triangular), or even in the form of a truncated cone or truncated pyramid, the essential being that the shape of the hole 10 associated with it is suitable to cooperate with the pad 11.
• a stud 11 of conical shape associated with a hole 10 is a possible embodiment.
• the shape of the hole 10 is complementary to the shape of the stud 11.
• the shape of the collectors 4 shown in Figure la is an embodiment.
• the shape of the collectors will be adapted to the desired application, the shape of the storage heat exchange bundle 9 being directly related to the shape of the collectors 4.
• the collectors 4 may be identical or of different shape. It is for example possible to provide on one collector a connector system to an element outside the beam 9 that the other will not.
• Fig. 1b is a particular embodiment of the first embodiment.
• the tubes 1 are closed in a sealed manner by particular closure means, for example by plugs 5 adapted to be inserted into one end of the tubes.
• the first connection means in particular a hole 10 is located on the outer end of the closure means, in particular of each cap 5. It is represented in this figure, three tubes 1, however, in order to form storage heat exchange bundle 9, other tubes will be added.
• FIG 2 is an enlarged view of Figure la.
• the organization of the second connection means 11, for example pads 11 according to this embodiment, on the collector is not arbitrary.
• the second connection means 11 are arranged in staggered relation to one another.
• the arrangement of the second connection means is made according to a alternating lines L1 and L2 parallel to each other so that each second connection means 11 (with the exception of the connection means located at the edge of collector 4) is equidistant from its six connecting means closest to a distance D in all directions.
• the distance D is measured between the connection means 11 from center to center.
• the connecting means of the lines L1 are arranged in a first grid, the connecting means L2 lines according to a second grid, the two grids being identical but offset with respect to each other.
• This arrangement defines an arrangement of tubes 1 staggered in the storage heat exchanger beam 9.
• the two collectors are positioned to create a generally shaped beam of a right prism.
• the tubes 1 are thus parallel to each other.
• the compactness of the storage heat exchange bundle is directly related to the distance D, this distance D defining the pitch of the tubes 1 on the collector 4 and indirectly the space between two tubes 1.
• FIG 3 is an exploded view, at another and enlarged angle of Figure 1b.
• This figure makes it possible to illustrate the closing means, namely plugs 5 according to this embodiment, of the three tubes represented on the storage heat exchange bundle. According to this particular embodiment, these closure means are pierced with a hole 10 on their outer end and are able to be assembled on the pads 11 of the collector 4.
• the tubes are contiguous with each other, in particular at their plug 5. This is the most compact embodiment of the storage heat exchange bundle 9. The diameter of the plugs is then substantially equal. at the distance D between two connection means 11 on the collector 4.
• FIG. 4 is an exploded view of a tube 1 closed by a plug 5.
• the tube 1 contains a phase-change material 2. It comprises an internal wire 6 intrinsic to the manufacture of the tube 1.
• the plug 5 comprises one end 7 of diameter smaller than that of the tube 1, able to be introduced into the tube 1.
• Its other end 8, also called external end comprises a connection means, for example a hole 10 adapted to cooperate with a second connection means, for example a stud 11 of the collector 4.
• Figure 5 corresponds to a second embodiment of the invention. 'invention.
• the assembly principle tubes 1 on the collector 4 is the opposite of that of the first embodiment.
• the collector 4 comprises second hole-shaped connection means 111 arranged, for example in staggered rows, in the manner of the pads 11 of FIG. 2.
• the second connection means 111 are equidistant from the nearest 6 connection means, for example example of holes, a distance D (measured from center to center).
• the tubes 1 each comprise a closure means 5, for example a plug, surmounted by a first connection means, in particular a stud 110 adapted to cooperate with the second connection means, namely the holes 111 of the collector 4.
• the pads 110 and the holes 111 are connecting means which must cooperate together to assemble.
• the tubes 1 can be assembled on the collector 4, the pads 110 located on the ends of the tubes 1 being adapted to be inserted into the holes 111 of the collector 4.
• the diameter holes 111 must therefore be slightly greater than that of the pads 110 so that the pads 110 can be inserted into the holes 111.
• the diameters of the holes 111 and the pads 110 depend on the diameter of the tube 1.
• the diameter of the holes 111 is 2.6 mm with a tolerance of ⁇ 0.1 mm
• the diameter of the studs 110 is 2.3 mm with a tolerance of ⁇ 0.1 mm.
• the diameter of the holes 10 is for example 1.3 mm with a tolerance of ⁇ 0.1 mm
• the diameter of the studs 11 is 1 mm with a tolerance of ⁇ 0.1 mm. If the manifolds are positioned so as to form a right prism, the tubes 1 are arranged in a staggered, parallel to each other.
• the plugs 5 of the tubes 1 are contiguous.
• the holes 111 according to the embodiment of Figure 5 are made by drilling into the collector 4. However, the definition of a hole should be considered more broadly. It is a cavity adapted to receive a stud 110.
• a molded part may have holes 111 made directly from the shapes of the mold, these holes forming second connection means, which are adapted to receive pads 110.
• a lattice projecting from the collector also makes it possible to create cavities, these cavities forming second connection means, which are capable of receiving studs 110.
• a set of pads spaced in an orderly manner on a plate creates cavities able to receive pads 110, these cavities forming second connection means within the meaning of the present invention.
• the space available to the heat transfer fluid for circulating between the tubes 1 is related to the choice of the distance D measured from center to center between the second connection means (11, 111) of the manifold 4.
• This fluid circulation space must be optimized according to the applications to meet the performance requirements of the thermal battery while providing a compact device.
• the distance D between the tubes 1 must be at least equal to the diameter of a tube 1.
• the optimization of this distance D makes it possible to obtain a good compromise in terms of compactness and performance as well as a compromise between the density of MPC material and the internal pressure drop of the coolant.
• the spacing between two outer walls of adjacent tubes 1 is for example of the order of 0.6 millimeters to allow a good flow of fluid between the tubes 1 and benefit from a compact storage heat exchange beam solution. This value is valid in particular for a tube 1 of diameter 4 millimeters and a distance D of 4.6 millimeters of the tubes 1.
• This distance D can for example be obtained for a beam configuration in which the tubes 1 of diameter 4 millimeters are contiguous by their cap diameter of 4.6 millimeters.
• the closure of the tubes 1 can be done upstream of the assembly of the thermal batteries, their sealing can be verified before assembly of the storage heat exchange bundle 9. This allows during manufacture to reject only the tubes 1 having sealing defects and not the complete storage heat exchange bundle 9. This also simplifies the assembly of the tubes 1 in the bundle 9, and therefore the complete assembly line for manufacturing the thermal battery.
• the spacers can be assembled on the collectors 4 upstream of the assembly of the tubes 1 on the same manifold 4. Indeed, the tubes 1 are flexible and can be bent.
• the spacers 15 may be left on the beam 9.
• the beam structure will be rigid without adding additional stiffening part.
• the spacers 15 can be replaced at the end of assembly of the beam 9 by tubes 1.
• the spacers 15 can be reused for the manufacture of a other bundle of tubes. All the embodiments of the invention bring numerous advantages, such as, for example, the simplicity of assembly, the reduction of the assembly time, the absence of necessity of using additional holding parts to hold the tubes 1 on the collector 4, a low manufacturing cost.
• collectors 4 also has an advantage, particularly in terms of cost reduction. In this case, it is the length of the tubes 1 which is adapted to the application.
• the variable part of the tube is its length.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Thermal Sciences (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
• Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
• Secondary Cells (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

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ID=55072816

Family Applications (1)

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• 2015
  • 2015-09-11 FR FR1558456A patent/FR3041089B1/fr active Active
• 2016
  • 2016-09-09 EP EP16781498.7A patent/EP3347665A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2016-09-09 WO PCT/FR2016/052268 patent/WO2017042505A1/fr active Application Filing
  • 2016-09-09 KR KR1020187010096A patent/KR20180053339A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation

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