EP3342747B1 - Zuführungsstruktur für gabelstapler - Google Patents

Zuführungsstruktur für gabelstapler Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3342747B1
EP3342747B1 EP17209174.6A EP17209174A EP3342747B1 EP 3342747 B1 EP3342747 B1 EP 3342747B1 EP 17209174 A EP17209174 A EP 17209174A EP 3342747 B1 EP3342747 B1 EP 3342747B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
battery
box
electrical power
batteries
charger
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP17209174.6A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3342747A1 (de
Inventor
Matthieu Desbois-Renaudin
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives CEA
Original Assignee
Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique CEA
Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives CEA
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Publication of EP3342747A1 publication Critical patent/EP3342747A1/de
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
    • B66F9/00—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes
    • B66F9/06—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes movable, with their loads, on wheels or the like, e.g. fork-lift trucks
    • B66F9/075—Constructional features or details
    • B66F9/20—Means for actuating or controlling masts, platforms, or forks
    • B66F9/24—Electrical devices or systems
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
    • B66F9/00—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes
    • B66F9/06—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes movable, with their loads, on wheels or the like, e.g. fork-lift trucks
    • B66F9/075—Constructional features or details
    • B66F9/07513—Details concerning the chassis
    • B66F9/07531—Battery compartments
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
    • B66F9/00—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes
    • B66F9/06—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes movable, with their loads, on wheels or the like, e.g. fork-lift trucks
    • B66F9/075—Constructional features or details
    • B66F9/07513—Details concerning the chassis
    • B66F9/0754—Battery removal arrangements

Definitions

  • the present description relates generally to the power supply systems and, more particularly, to the production of a power supply structure for a forklift truck.
  • a forklift needs a source of energy.
  • a first category of trolleys is equipped with thermal engines.
  • a second category to which this description applies is equipped with a power supply structure consisting of rechargeable batteries.
  • a traditional power supply structure consists of a battery pack comprising lead batteries housed in a handling box and interconnected so as to have only two terminals (positive and negative) for connecting the battery pack or the electric motor of the battery pack.
  • trolley either to a battery charger external to the trolley.
  • the feeding structure is particularly bulky and heavy.
  • EP-A-2,700,611 discloses a forklift battery, in which a plurality of battery modules 17, individually associated with management devices 18, are connected to a controller 20 of the battery.
  • the battery is connected to the outside by a cable 24.
  • a power supply structure for a forklift comprising at least one palletizable crate, and at least one fast charge battery housed in said crate and connected to the carriage.
  • One embodiment provides a power supply structure of a forklift that overcomes all or part of the disadvantages of current structures.
  • One embodiment provides a solution compatible with forklifts designed to use lead-acid battery packs.
  • said connecting element comprises a connection cable of the charger to the electricity distribution network.
  • the charger comprises a galvanic transformer at the frequency of the electrical network, the transformer participating in ballast the forklift.
  • the box is filled with oil.
  • the structure comprises at least one energy storage module having two connection terminals, each module comprising a battery and a bidirectional converter, the bidirectional converter being connected on the one hand to the associated battery and to the other. on the other hand to the connection terminals of the module.
  • the bidirectional converter serves as a DC / DC converter during the load periods to transfer power from the network to the module's battery, and serves as a DC / DC converter during the periods of time. discharge to transfer power from the battery to a power terminal of the truck.
  • the discharge of the battery pack is controlled to emulate a discharge of the lead battery (s).
  • One embodiment provides a lift truck having a power supply structure.
  • the figure 1 is a perspective representation of a forklift.
  • the figure 2 is a perspective representation of a forklift and a conventional battery pack being installed.
  • a forklift 1 consists of a frame 12, carrying the various equipment (engine, transmission, lifting system 14, seat 16, etc.), and mounted on wheels 18.
  • the frame 12 also carries a battery pack 2, housed under the seat 16.
  • the seat is articulated on a support 17 capable of pivoting to allow the installation of the battery pack 2 (see figure 2 ).
  • the set 22 of lead batteries is housed in a palletizable box 3, in which these batteries are interconnected. Recharging the batteries in a conventional trolley requires extracting the crate 3, transporting it to a charging zone and charging the battery pack 2.
  • the figure 3 is a schematic perspective view of an embodiment of a lithium battery power supply structure 4 of a forklift.
  • the figure 4 is a simplified block diagram of the embodiment of the figure 3 and its connection to the motor of the electric cart.
  • the figure 5 illustrates another representation of the equivalent electric diagram of an embodiment of a structure 4 of power supply of a forklift.
  • the box 5 is typically a rectangular parallelepipedic enclosure made of steel, preferably provided with a lid.
  • the links of the various elements have been illustrated in dashed lines.
  • the cable 48 (or alternatively the plug) extends (or is connected) to the charger (link 52), the DC output of the charger 44 is connected (link 54) to the common terminals of the batteries of the set 42 which are also connected to the terminal block 46 (link 56).
  • the Figures 4 and 5 the positive terminals or conductors with the letter "p" and the negative terminals or conductors with the letter "n” respectively referenced on the DC supply side.
  • the links comprise, in addition to the son carrying the energy (the power), son (not shown) carrying control signals.
  • switches and / or control circuits can be interposed on all or part of the links.
  • a control circuit 62 CTRL
  • CTRL control circuit 62
  • PI inverter 64
  • M motor 66
  • a positive lead 54-p connects the battery pack 42 to the charger 44 (LOAD).
  • Negative conductors 54-n and 56-n connect the battery pack 42 respectively to the inverter 64 and the charger 44.
  • the volume available inside the body 5 is used to ballast the structure.
  • it preserves the counterweight function of the usual battery packs.
  • metal or cast iron ballasts are provided.
  • ballast consists of oil (the box is filled with oil), which contributes to improving the cooling, the oil being a good thermal conductor.
  • the space is occupied by one or more batteries connected in parallel to form the set of batteries 42.
  • the management of modules or set of redundancy batteries is in itself known.
  • the charger 44 comprises a galvanic transformer at the mains frequency (50Hz or 60Hz) rather than a switching converter to participate in the ballast.
  • the mains frequency 50Hz or 60Hz
  • this type of transformer is generally seen as a disadvantage because of the weight and bulk, this disadvantage is transformed into an advantage.
  • the figure 6 represents, very schematically, another embodiment of a feed structure 4.
  • the chopper function of the charger is used bi-directionally, that is to say, a step-down during the load and an elevator during the discharge or vice versa.
  • the chopper 8 is shown schematically in the form of two switches 81 and 82 in series between the output terminals 445 and 447 of the rectifier 443, each switch 81, 82 being in parallel with a diode 83, respectively 84.
  • the midpoint 85 of the series linking of the switches 81 and 82 is connected, via an inductive element 86, to a terminal, for example positive 42-p, of the battery assembly 42.
  • the terminal 447 is common to the terminal negative 42-n of the battery pack 42.
  • the anodes of the diodes 83 and 84 are respectively connected to the terminals 85 and 42-n.
  • the output of the rectifier 443 is also connected to the control circuit 62 (the conductors 56-p and 56-n are respectively connected to the terminals 445 and 447).
  • the chopper 8 serves not only as a DC / DC converter during the charging phases, but also as a DC / DC converter during the discharge phases.
  • MS-i storage consisting of a BAT-i battery and an 8-i converter.
  • the bidirectional chopper 8-i is adapted, on the one hand, to the voltage of the associated BAT-i battery, for example 12 or 24 volts and, on the other hand, to the common voltage applied between them. terminals 445 and 447, for example 24V, 48V and 80V.
  • This modular embodiment also has the advantage of ensuring redundancy of the batteries and the DC / DC converter part, a faulty module that can easily be compensated by the other non-faulty modules.
  • fuse type safety elements (not shown) F can be provided between the chopper 8 and the battery assembly 42 and / or between the chopper and the terminal 445.
  • the transformer and the rectifier are elements unlikely to present a failure, they can advantageously be common to all modules.
  • Another advantage of using a bidirectional chopper is that the continuous / continuous conversion during use of the lift truck makes it possible to emulate and restore the operation of a lead acid battery. Indeed, we know the evolution of the voltage depending on the state of charge (SoC) for a lead battery and a lithium battery.
  • SoC state of charge
  • the setpoint of the chopper can be adapted according to the state of charge measured at the terminals of the battery pack 42 (such a measurement is in itself usual) of the module and of a correspondence table between a state of charge. equivalent of a lead-acid battery and that of a lithium battery.
  • An advantage of the embodiments that have been described is that it is now possible to maintain a fleet of forklifts while benefiting from lithium batteries.
  • Another advantage is that the change from a lead structure to a lithium structure is particularly simple. Simply remove the lead-acid battery case and replace the case 5 of the lithium battery structure instead.
  • Another advantage is that the presence of the charger in the supply structure allows to directly connect the structure to the electricity distribution network, the AC-DC conversion being carried out in the structure.
  • Another advantage of the presence of the charger in the structure, in particular by using a galvanic transformer, is that it contributes to the weight of the truck.
  • the batteries used are lithium batteries. Nevertheless, other types of batteries having similar properties can be used, for example Sodium-Ion-based batteries.
  • the batteries In order to be able to present the aforementioned advantages and be interesting in the context of a retrofit process, the batteries must be able to be charged quickly, in one hour or two hours.
  • Fast charging means batteries that can be recharged at least twice as fast, or 5 or 10 times faster than so-called slow charge batteries such as lead-acid batteries.
  • slow charge batteries such as lead-acid batteries.
  • batteries used in the examples described may, in a conventional manner, consist of several elementary electrochemical cells placed in series and / or parallel.
  • the charger 44 is in practice controlled by a controller not shown, which will control the start of the charger when the connecting element 48 is connected to the electrical distribution network.
  • the start of the charger 44 will be accompanied by an opening of the control circuit (CTRL) 62, in particular to avoid any risk of undesirable start of the carriage causing disconnection or inadvertent damage to the connecting element .
  • CTRL control circuit

Claims (10)

  1. Elektrische Leistungsversorgungsstruktur (4) für einen Gabelstapler (1), die zumindest Folgendes aufweist:
    einen palettierbaren Behälter (5);
    einen elektrischen Verbindungsanschlussblock (46), der mit dem Behälter integriert ist, der an den Stapler zur Belieferung mit elektrischer Leistung gekoppelt werden kann;
    zumindest eine Schnellladebatterie (42), die in dem Behälter aufgenommen ist und mit dem elektrischen Verbindungsanschlussblock (46) gekoppelt ist;
    ein Ladegerät (44) für die mindestens eine Batterie (42), das in dem Behälter aufgenommen ist; und
    ein Verbindungselement (48), das mit dem Ladegerät (44) gekoppelt ist, das integral mit dem Behälter ist und eine elektrische Verbindung zwischen dem Ladegerät und einem elektrischen Leistungsverteilungssystem außerhalb des Staplers gestatten kann, wobei das Ladegerät eine Wechselstromspannung des Netzwerkes in eine Gleichstromspannung zum Laden der mindestens einen Batterie umwandelt.
  2. Struktur nach Anspruch 1, wobei das Verbindungselement (48) ein Kabel (48) zur Verbindung des Ladegerätes (44) mit dem elektrischen Leistungsverteilungssystem aufweist.
  3. Struktur nach einem der Ansprüche 1 und 2, wobei das Ladegerät (44) einen galvanischen Transformator (441) mit der Frequenz des elektrischen Systems aufweist, wobei der Transformator bei der Beschwerung des Gabelstaplers (1) mitwirkt.
  4. Struktur nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, wobei der Behälter (5) mit Öl gefüllt ist.
  5. Struktur nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, welche zumindest ein Leistungsspeichermodul mit zwei Verbindungsanschlüssen aufweist, wobei jedes Modul eine Batterie und einen bidirektionalen Konverter (8) aufweist, wobei der bidirektionale Konverter auf einer Seite mit der assoziierten Batterie und auf der anderen Seite mit den Verbindungsanschlüssen des Moduls gekoppelt ist.
  6. Struktur nach Anspruch 5, wobei der bidirektionale Konverter (8) bei jedem Modul als ein Gleichstrom/Gleichstrom-Konverter während Ladeperioden verwendet wird, um Leistung von dem Netzwerk zu der Batterie des Moduls zu übertragen, und wobei er als ein Gleichstrom/Gleichstrom-Konverter während Entladeperioden zur Übertragung von Leistung von der Batterie zu einem elektrischen Leistungsversorgungsanschlussblock des Staplers verwendet wird.
  7. Struktur nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, wobei die Entladung der Batterieanordnung (42) gesteuert wird, um eine Entladung einer Bleibatterie oder von Bleibatterien zu emulieren.
  8. Gabelstapler (1), der die elektrische Leistungsversorgungsstruktur (4) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7 aufweist.
  9. Verfahren zum Umwandeln der Leistungsversorgungsstruktur für einen Gabelstapler, der anfänglich einen palettierbaren Behälter aufweist, der mit langsam ladenden Batterien gefüllt ist, wie beispielsweise mit Bleibatterien, wobei die langsam ladenden Batterien mit einem elektrischen Verbindungsanschlussblock gekoppelt sind, der mit dem palettierbaren Behälter integriert ist, wobei der Verbindungsanschlussblock mit einer elektrischen Vorrichtung des Gabelstaplers zu dessen Versorgung mit elektrischer Leistung verbunden ist, wobei das Verfahren folgende Schritte aufweist:
    - Entfernen des palettierbaren Behälters, der mit langsam ladenden Batterien gefüllt ist, durch Trennen des elektrischen Verbindungsanschlussblocks, der mit dem palettierbaren Behälter integriert ist; und
    - Einführen der elektrischen Leistungsversorgungsstruktur nach irgendeinem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche 1 bis 7 an die Stelle, die zuvor für den Behälter vorgesehen war, durch Verbinden des Anschlussblockes der elektrischen Leistungsversorgungsstruktur mit dem elektrischen System des Gabelstaplers.
  10. Verfahren zum elektrischen Laden des Gabelstaplers nach Anspruch 8, welches folgende Schritte aufweist:
    - elektrisches Verbinden des Verbindungselementes der elektrischen Leistungsversorgungsstruktur des Staplers mit einem elektrischen Leistungsverteilungssystem; und
    - Anschalten des Ladegerätes, um elektrische Leistung von dem elektrischen Leistungsverteilungssystem zu der mindestens einen Batterie zu übertragen.
EP17209174.6A 2016-12-29 2017-12-20 Zuführungsstruktur für gabelstapler Active EP3342747B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1663511A FR3061489B1 (fr) 2016-12-29 2016-12-29 Structure d'alimentation pour chariot elevateur

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3342747A1 EP3342747A1 (de) 2018-07-04
EP3342747B1 true EP3342747B1 (de) 2019-07-31

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EP17209174.6A Active EP3342747B1 (de) 2016-12-29 2017-12-20 Zuführungsstruktur für gabelstapler

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EP (1) EP3342747B1 (de)
DK (1) DK3342747T3 (de)
FR (1) FR3061489B1 (de)

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19956623C2 (de) * 1999-11-25 2003-04-17 Jungheinrich Ag Batterie und Batterieaufnahme in einem Flurförderzeug, Transportgerät zum Wechseln der Batterie und Ladegerät für die Batterie
US8663828B2 (en) * 2009-04-30 2014-03-04 Lg Chem, Ltd. Battery systems, battery module, and method for cooling the battery module
FR2966111A1 (fr) * 2010-10-18 2012-04-20 Ba Systemes Vehicule automobile presentant des moyens de remplacement automatique d'une batterie d'accumulateurs, procede de substitution de batterie, batterie et dispositif de chargement d'un accumulateur de batterie correspondants
US20130260195A1 (en) * 2012-04-02 2013-10-03 Shijin Long Oil-cooled lithium battery module
DE102012107670A1 (de) * 2012-08-21 2014-02-27 Still Gmbh Adapterrahmen für Traktionsbatterie sowie Flurförderzeug mit Traktionsbatterie
DE102013114944A1 (de) * 2013-12-30 2015-07-16 Linde Material Handling Gmbh Flurförderzeug mit Traktionsbatterie

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR3061489B1 (fr) 2020-11-06
DK3342747T3 (da) 2019-08-26
FR3061489A1 (fr) 2018-07-06
EP3342747A1 (de) 2018-07-04

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