EP3339973B1 - Datumsmechanismus - Google Patents

Datumsmechanismus Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3339973B1
EP3339973B1 EP16205926.5A EP16205926A EP3339973B1 EP 3339973 B1 EP3339973 B1 EP 3339973B1 EP 16205926 A EP16205926 A EP 16205926A EP 3339973 B1 EP3339973 B1 EP 3339973B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wheel
month
drive
tooth
day
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP16205926.5A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3339973A1 (de
Inventor
Martin Robin
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Blancpain SA
Original Assignee
Blancpain SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Blancpain SA filed Critical Blancpain SA
Priority to EP16205926.5A priority Critical patent/EP3339973B1/de
Priority to US15/834,101 priority patent/US10222751B2/en
Priority to JP2017242416A priority patent/JP6524200B2/ja
Priority to CN201711382203.1A priority patent/CN108227455B/zh
Priority to RU2017144660A priority patent/RU2740275C2/ru
Publication of EP3339973A1 publication Critical patent/EP3339973A1/de
Priority to HK18115292.3A priority patent/HK1256247A1/zh
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3339973B1 publication Critical patent/EP3339973B1/de
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B19/00—Indicating the time by visual means
    • G04B19/24—Clocks or watches with date or week-day indicators, i.e. calendar clocks or watches; Clockwork calendars
    • G04B19/243—Clocks or watches with date or week-day indicators, i.e. calendar clocks or watches; Clockwork calendars characterised by the shape of the date indicator
    • G04B19/247—Clocks or watches with date or week-day indicators, i.e. calendar clocks or watches; Clockwork calendars characterised by the shape of the date indicator disc-shaped
    • G04B19/253—Driving or releasing mechanisms
    • G04B19/25333—Driving or releasing mechanisms wherein the date indicators are driven or released mechanically by a clockwork movement
    • G04B19/25353—Driving or releasing mechanisms wherein the date indicators are driven or released mechanically by a clockwork movement driven or released stepwise by the clockwork movement
    • G04B19/2536—Driving or releasing mechanisms wherein the date indicators are driven or released mechanically by a clockwork movement driven or released stepwise by the clockwork movement automatically corrected at the end of months having less than 31 days
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B19/00—Indicating the time by visual means
    • G04B19/24—Clocks or watches with date or week-day indicators, i.e. calendar clocks or watches; Clockwork calendars
    • G04B19/243—Clocks or watches with date or week-day indicators, i.e. calendar clocks or watches; Clockwork calendars characterised by the shape of the date indicator
    • G04B19/257—Clocks or watches with date or week-day indicators, i.e. calendar clocks or watches; Clockwork calendars characterised by the shape of the date indicator drum-shaped or three-dimensional shaped
    • G04B19/2573—Driving or releasing mechanisms wherein the date indicators are driven or released mechanically by a clockwork movement
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B19/00—Indicating the time by visual means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B19/00—Indicating the time by visual means
    • G04B19/24—Clocks or watches with date or week-day indicators, i.e. calendar clocks or watches; Clockwork calendars
    • G04B19/243—Clocks or watches with date or week-day indicators, i.e. calendar clocks or watches; Clockwork calendars characterised by the shape of the date indicator
    • G04B19/247—Clocks or watches with date or week-day indicators, i.e. calendar clocks or watches; Clockwork calendars characterised by the shape of the date indicator disc-shaped
    • G04B19/253—Driving or releasing mechanisms
    • G04B19/25306—Independent date indicating devices activated by hand or by clockwork, e.g. calendar watches
    • G04B19/25313—Independent date indicating devices activated by hand or by clockwork, e.g. calendar watches driven or released by a steady movement
    • G04B19/2532—Independent date indicating devices activated by hand or by clockwork, e.g. calendar watches driven or released by a steady movement automatically corrected at the end of mounths having less than 31 days

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a date mechanism of a timepiece comprising a date display by means of date discs, a date program block arranged to drive the date discs according to predetermined sequences, a block of calendars. training arranged to train the date program block and a motor member of the timepiece arranged to actuate the training unit.
  • the invention also relates to a timepiece comprising such a date mechanism.
  • Such a date mechanism is for example described in the patent US 7,532,546 .
  • This date mechanism comprises in particular a tens disk bearing the numbers 0 to 3, and two disks units, an upper disk bearing the numbers 0 to 4 and a lower disk bearing the numbers 5 to 9. Because of this arrangement, the Date change on February 28th or 29th or at the end of the 30 day period requires one or more intermediate jumps of one or both disks to display the first day of the following month. This causes a certain inaccuracy in the display of the date during the change of months.
  • the date is displayed by means of a disk of tens and a disk of the units which are on two different levels 15 days out of 31, that is to say almost half of the month.
  • This difference in height between the number of units and the number of tens gives a visual appearance unattractive.
  • switching including 31 to 1 only the tens disk moves so the date change does not significantly appear.
  • the invention particularly aims to overcome the various disadvantages of known devices.
  • an object of the invention is to provide a date mechanism having a high accuracy during the change of date, especially during the month change, and more particularly to February 28 or 29 or the end of the month of 30 days.
  • the invention also aims to provide a date mechanism with improved visual appearance, giving the impression of a calendar formed by two numbers belonging to the same support.
  • the present invention relates to a date mechanism of a timepiece comprising a date display by means of date discs, a date program block arranged to drive the date discs according to predetermined programmed sequences, a training unit arranged to train the date program block and a motor member of the timepiece arranged to actuate the training unit.
  • the date discs comprise on the one hand a first disc of the lower units and a second disc of the upper units superimposed and free in rotation with respect to each other and on the other hand a third disc of tens lower and a fourth disk upper tens superimposed and free in rotation relative to each other, the first disk of the lower units being divided into eight sectors occupied by numbers 8, 9, 0, and 1, the second upper unit disk being divided into eight sectors of which seven sectors are occupied by figures ranging from 1 to 7 and a sector is occupied by an opening revealing one of the numbers carried by the first disk of the lower units, the third disk of the lower tens being divided into eight sectors occupied by numbers 2 and 3, the fourth disk tens upper sector being divided into eight sectors of which seven sectors are occupied by digits 0, 1 and 2 and a sector is occupied by an opening showing one of the digits carried by the third disk tens lower, the date program block including a first mobile calendar program for the actuation of the first disk of the lower units and the third disk of the lower
  • the date mechanism according to the invention allows a very precise calendar display during a month change.
  • the date mechanism according to the invention makes it possible to produce a date display in which the number of tens and the number of units are 25 days out of 31 on the same level. This makes it possible to obtain a very aesthetic date display, particularly suitable for a large date display.
  • the date mechanism according to the invention further comprises a month motive and a mechanism of management of the leap years arranged to cooperate with the training block, said training block comprising a program wheel months, so that the date mechanism is a perpetual calendar mechanism.
  • the leap years management mechanism is arranged to cooperate with a program wheel of the leap years until at least 2300 so that the date mechanism is a secular perpetual calendar mechanism.
  • the present invention also relates to a timepiece comprising a date mechanism as defined above.
  • the following description relates first of all to a perpetual calendar mechanism, particularly adapted to a large date, with reference to the Figures 1 to 10 , then a mechanism of perpetual perpetual calendar also particularly adapted to a big date.
  • a date mechanism of a timepiece including a date display particularly suitable for a large date display.
  • the date is composed by means of date disks 1, 2 and more particularly by the combination of a digit of the tens carried by a tens disk and a digit of the units carried by a disk of the units.
  • the date appears through two large windows provided on the dial and placed side by side.
  • the date discs are driven by a date program block 3 arranged to operate the date discs according to programmed sequences to appear successively in the windows the calendar of the month.
  • the date block of the calendar 3 is driven by a drive block 4, itself actuated by a motor member 5 powered by the movement of the timepiece.
  • the date discs are 4 in number and comprise firstly a first disc of the lower units 2a and a second disc of the upper units 2b superimposed, mounted coaxially and free to rotate relative to each other and on the other hand, a third disk of the lower tens 1a and a fourth disk of the superposed upper tens 1b, mounted coaxially and free to rotate relative to one another.
  • the second disk of the upper units 2b is integral with a shaft of the units 6b which also carries a pinion 10b which is therefore integral with the second disk of the upper units 2b.
  • the first disk of the lower units 2a is integral with a shaft of the units 6a which also carries a pinion 10a which is therefore integral with the first disk of the lower units 2a.
  • the unit shaft 6a is mounted coaxially freely in rotation around the shaft of the units 6b.
  • the fourth disk of the upper tens 1b is integral with a tens tree 8b which also carries a pinion 12b which is thus integral with said fourth disk tens higher 1b.
  • the third disk of the lower tens 1a is secured to a tens shaft 8a which also carries a pinion 12a which is therefore integral with said third disk tens lower 1a.
  • the tens shaft 8a is mounted coaxially freely in rotation about the tens shaft 8b.
  • the first lower unit disk 2a is divided into eight regular sectors occupied by numbers 8, 9, 0, and 1, forming the sequence 8,9,0,1,8,9,0,1.
  • the second disk of the higher units 2b is divided into eight regular sectors of which seven sectors are occupied by numbers ranging from 1 to 7, forming the sequence 1,2,3,4,5,6,7, and a sector is occupied by a opening showing one of the numbers carried by the first disk of the lower units 2a, when the first and second disks units 2a, 2b are superimposed.
  • the third disk of the lower tens 1a is divided into eight regular sectors occupied by numbers 2 and 3, forming the sequence 2,2,3,3,2,2,3,3.
  • the fourth disk of the upper tens 1b is divided into eight regular sectors of which seven sectors are occupied by numerals 0, 1 and 2, forming the sequence 0,0,1,1,2,2,2, and a sector is occupied by an opening revealing one of the figures carried by the third disk tens lower 1a, when the third and fourth disks tens 1a, 1b are superimposed.
  • the date discs 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b are driven by the calendar program block 3 which comprises a first date program mobile 3a for the actuation of the first disc of the lower units 2a and the third disc of the lower tens 1a and a second date program mobile 3b for actuating the second disk of the higher units 2b and the fourth disk of the upper tens 1b.
  • the first calendar program wheel 3a comprises a first date drive wheel 14a meshing at least indirectly with the drive block 4 as will be seen below, a lower tens wheel 16a meshing at least indirectly with the pinion 12a secured to the third lower tens disk 1a and a lower unit wheel 18a meshing at least indirectly with the pinion 10a integral with the first disk of the lower units 2a.
  • the first training wheel of date 14a, the lower tens wheel 16a and the lower units wheel 18a are mounted superimposed and integral on a shaft 3c.
  • the second calendar program wheel 3b comprises a second date drive wheel 14b meshing at least indirectly with the drive block 4 as will be seen below, a wheel of the upper tens 16b meshing at least indirectly with the pinion 12b secured to the fourth disk of the upper tens 1b and a wheel of the upper units 18b meshing at least indirectly with the pinion 10b secured to the second disk of the upper units 2b.
  • the second date drive wheel 14b, the upper tens wheel 16b and the upper unit wheel 18b are mounted superimposed and secured to a 3d shaft.
  • the shaft 3c is pivotally mounted and coaxially on the shaft 3d.
  • the first 3a and second mobile calendar program 3b are arranged to selectively mesh with the date disks 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d so that the last calendar of a month is displayed by means of the third disk.
  • lower tens 1a and the first lower units 2a and the first calendar of the following month is displayed by means of the fourth disk of the upper tens 1b and the second upper units 2b disk, the change of date between two consecutive months, and thus the display of the first day of a month, being by means of a single jump of the fourth disk of the upper tens 1b and the second disk of the higher units 2b regardless of the month.
  • the lower tens wheel 16a, the upper tens wheel 16b, the lower units wheel 18a, and the upper units wheel 18b, which are driven one step per day by the drive block 4 comprise toothings whose number of teeth and the distribution are chosen to form drive sectors of the pinions 12a, 12b, 10a, 10b and therefore associated date discs 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b or waiting positions in which the date discs are blocked, so that the dates from 01 to 07, 11 to 17 and 21 to 27 are displayed by means of the fourth disc of the upper tens 1b and the second the upper units 2b, the dates 08, 09, 10, 18, 19, 20 are displayed by means of the fourth disk of the upper tens 1b and the first disk of the lower units 2a, and the dates 28, 29, 30, 31 are displayed by means of the third disk of the lower tens 1a and the first disk of the lower units 2a.
  • the lower tens wheel 16a and the lower units wheel 18a are driven by means of the first date drive wheel 14a which cooperates with the drive block 4, and the upper tens wheel 16b and the upper units wheel 18b are driven by means of the second date drive wheel 14b which cooperates with the drive block 4.
  • the training unit 4 comprises a first drive wheel 20a arranged to drive the first date program mobile 3a and a second drive wheel 20b arranged to drive the second calendar program mobile 3b.
  • the driving member 5 comprises a first driving pinion 22a meshing with the first driving wheel 20a and a second driving pinion 22b meshing with the second driving wheel 20b, as shown in FIG. figure 9 .
  • the driving gears 22a and 22b are coaxial and integral with each other. They are energized by the movement with which they cooperate to operate the first and second drive wheels 20a, 20b once a day.
  • the training block can be uncomplicated, the possible correction of the calendar at the end of the month being done manually by the user.
  • the training block 4 is in the form of a program wheel months integrating the first and second drive wheels 20a, 20b, and the date mechanism also comprises a moving month 24 and a leap year management mechanism 26 arranged to cooperate with the drive block 4, so that the date mechanism of the invention is a perpetual calendar mechanism.
  • the mobile of the month 24 carries a disc or any other organ of display of the months.
  • the first drive wheel 20a respectively the second drive wheel 20b, comprises 28 teeth, one of which is missing forming a notch 28 defining a waiting position during which the first drive wheel 20a, respectively the second drive wheel. 20b training, is not driven by the drive member 5.
  • the notch 28 provided on the first drive wheel 20a is positioned after the teeth corresponding to the dates 28, 29, 30, 31 and the notch 28 provided on the second drive wheel 20b corresponds to the position of the second drive wheel 20b at the date 28.
  • the mobile of the month 24 includes a wheel 30 months of 12 teeth corresponding to the 12 months of the year, integral with a 30-day month wheel 32 comprising 4 teeth distributed to correspond to the months of 30 days April, June, September and November.
  • the 30-month wheel and the 30-day month wheel 32 are arranged so that their teeth are superimposed, i.e., are arranged in the same alignment.
  • the leap year management mechanism 26 and a Maltese cross 34 integral in rotation with said leap year management mechanism 26 are pivotally mounted on the mobile of the months 24, the Maltese cross 34 being actuated by a fixed finger 36 provided on the frame and around which turns said Maltese cross 34 carried by the mobile of the months 24.
  • the Maltese cross 34 and the fixed finger 36 are arranged so that the Maltese cross 34 slides on the periphery of the fixed finger 36 when the mobile months 24 turns, and so that the Maltese Cross 34 makes a quarter turn when it passes in front of the fixed finger 36 so as to rotate a quarter turn the leap years management mechanism 26.
  • the leap year management mechanism 26 is a leap year management mobile that includes a non-leap year wheel 38 and a leap year wheel 40 secured to one another and superimposed.
  • the non-leap year wheel 38 has three fingers distributed at 90 ° to form a cross of which a branch is absent and the leap year wheel 40 has a single finger disposed below the space corresponding to the missing branch of the wheel non-leap years 38.
  • the leap years management mobile 26 and thus the Maltese cross 34 are placed on the motive of the months 24 so that the fingers of the wheel of the leap years 38 and the leap year wheel 40 correspond to the February tooth of the month 30 wheel of the month 24 wheel.
  • the wheel fingers of the leap years 38 and the leap year wheel 40 are arranged to cooperate with the training block 4 as this will be described below.
  • the training block 4 or the program wheel of the months comprises, in addition to the first 20a and second 20b drive wheels meshing respectively with the first date drive wheel 14a of the first calendar program mobile 3a and the second wheel. of a date drive 14b of the second calendar program mobile 3b, a month change wheel 42 comprising a tooth 44 arranged to mesh with the wheel of the months 30 of the mobile of the months 24, a wheel of 30 referenced 46 carrying a tooth 48 arranged to be able to mesh with the 30-day month wheel 32, a wheel of 29 referenced 50 bearing a tooth 52 arranged to be able to mesh with the finger of the leap year wheel 40 of the leap year management mobile 26, and a wheel 28 referenced 54 carrying a tooth 56 arranged to be able to mesh with a wheel finger of the leap years 38 of the mobile management leap years 26.
  • the wheels of 28, 29 and 30 are arranged so that the tooth 52 of the wheel of 29 referenced 50 is shifted by one pitch relative to the tooth 56 of the wheel of 28 referenced 54 and the tooth 48 of the wheel of 30 referenced 46 is shifted one step relative to the tooth 52 of the wheel of 29 referenced 50.
  • the month change wheel 42 is secured to the second drive wheel 20b via a drive shaft 4b of the second drive wheel 20b.
  • the wheel 46 referenced 46, the wheel 29 referred to 50, the wheel 28 referenced 54 and the first drive wheel 20a are secured to each other by means of a drive shaft 4a pivotally mounted on the drive shaft 4b.
  • the month change wheel 42 carries a pin 58 in the direction of the first drive wheel 20a.
  • the wheel 46 referenced 46, the wheel 29 referenced 50, the wheel 28 referenced 54 and the first drive wheel 20a each comprise an oblong opening 60 called a gantry arranged to receive the pin 58 of the wheel of change of month 42 and wherein said pin 58 is movable when the movement of the second drive wheel 20b is different from the movement of the first drive wheel 20a, as will be described hereinafter.
  • the reference wheel 54 is arranged with respect to the month change wheel 42 so that on the 28th of the month, the tooth 56 of the wheel 54 is aligned with the tooth 44 of the month change wheel 42, said teeth 44 and 56 arriving at the height of the mobile 24 months and mobile management leap years 26.
  • the operation of the date mechanism is as follows: for the calendars from 05 to 28, none of the teeth 44, 48, 52, 56 of the wheels 42, 46, 50 and 54, respectively, are positioned at the height of the mobile 24 months and management mobile leap years 26 which remain motionless, and the first 20a and second 20b training wheels advance together at the same speed, at the rate of one step per day, respectively trained by the gear wheels 22a and 22b.
  • the pin 58 of the month change wheel 42 is positioned at the front of the loop 60 in the direction of rotation of the wheels of the drive block 4.
  • the first 20a and second 20b drive wheels respectively drive the first wheel date calendar 14a of the first calendar program mobile 3a and the second date training wheel 14b of the second calendar program mobile 3b, so that each of the first 3a and second calendar program mobile 3b is in progress. movement.
  • the lower tens wheel 16a, the upper tens wheel 16b, the lower units wheel 18a, and the upper units wheel 18b of the calendar program block 3 cause the associated date discs 1a, 1b, 2a and 2b according to the sequence programmed by the number and the distribution of the teeth of the wheels of the calendar program block 3 described above.
  • the tooth 56 of the 28 54 wheel is aligned with the tooth 44 of the month change wheel 42, said teeth 56 and 44 arriving at the height of the months 24 mobile and the years management mobile. 26.
  • the pin 58 of the month change wheel 42 is always positioned at the front of the loop 60.
  • the notch 28 of the second drive wheel 20b comes to the level of the drive pinion 22b so that that the latter no longer trains said second drive wheel 20b, nor accordingly the month change wheel 42.
  • the tooth 44 and the pin 58 are now immobile.
  • the second drive wheel 20b is stopped in the standby position, the second calendar program mobile 3b is also stopped, so that the display of the next calendar, until the last day of the month, will be done by means of the third disk of the lower tens 1a and the first disk of the lower units 2a driven by the first calendar program mobile 3a, only to be driven by the training block 4.
  • the mobile of the months 24 is positioned so that the management mobile of the leap years 26 is away from the teeth 52 and 56, and that one of the teeth of the wheel of the months 30 days 32 and a tooth of the wheel 30 months can cooperate with the tooth 48 and the tooth 44 respectively.
  • the second drive wheel 20b, the month change wheel 42, its tooth 44 and its pin 58 are stopped as described above.
  • the first drive wheel 20a continues to advance one step per day so that the front of the loop 60 moves away from the pin 58.
  • the tooth 56 of the wheel 28 54 passes over the mobile months 24 without being able to operate the mobile management leap years 26.
  • the tooth 52 of the wheel of 29 50 also passes to above the mobile of the months 24 without being able to actuate the management mobile leap years 26.
  • the first drive wheel 20a advances successively one step to train the first mobile schedule program 3a to display the 29, then the 30 by means of the third disk of the lower tens 1a and the first disk of the lower units 2a.
  • the tooth 48 of the wheel 46 meshes with the tooth of the 30-day month wheel 32 so that the mobile of the months 24 advances one step to display the next month.
  • the motive of the month 24 with its wheel of the month 30 drives the tooth 44 of the month change wheel 42 so that the second training wheel 20b is restarted causing the second calendar program mobile 3b to display the 1 st day of the following month by means of the fourth disk of the upper tens 1b and the second disk of the higher units 2b.
  • the transition from the 30th to the 1st day of the following month is therefore done by a single jump of the fourth disc of the upper tens 1b and the second disc of the higher units 2b, the first date appearing in place of the 30 instantaneously and without transition in the wicket .
  • the pin 58 is again trained.
  • the first training wheel 20a so far still driven by the drive pinion 22a has also advanced so that its notch 28 arrives at said drive pinion 22a.
  • the first drive wheel 20a is stopped in the waiting position, as is the first date program wheel 3a.
  • the second drive wheel 20b advances one step per day driving the pin 58 which is progressively closer to the front of the loop 60 until it comes into contact with said loop 60 three days later to move forward.
  • one step the first drive wheel 20a which restarts again driven by the drive pinion 22a.
  • the two drive wheels 20a and 20b then resume their movement.
  • the mobile of the months 24 is positioned so that the leap year management mobile 26 is away from the teeth 52 and 56, that the teeth of the 30-day month wheel 32 away from the tooth 48 and that the tooth of the current month of the wheel 30 months can cooperate with the tooth 44.
  • the second drive wheel 20b, the month change wheel 42, its tooth 44 and its pin 58 are stopped as described above.
  • the first driving wheel 20a continues to advance one step per day so that the front of the loop 60 moves away from the pin 58.
  • the tooth 56 of the 28 54 wheel then the tooth 52 of the 29 50 wheel pass over the mobile 24 months without being able to actuate the management mobile leap years 26, then the tooth 48 the wheel of 30 46 passes in front of the wheel of months of 30 days 32 without being able to activate it.
  • the first drive wheel 20a successively advances by one step to drive the first date program mobile 3a to display the 29, then the 30, then the 31 by means of the third disk of the lower tens 1a and of the first disk of the lower units 2a.
  • the rear of the loop 60 is progressively closer to the pin 58 until it comes into contact with it on 31.
  • the first wheel drive 20a again advances a step under the action of the drive pinion 22a so that it causes the pin 58 to bear against the rear of the loop 60. Due to the driving of the pin 58, the month change wheel, its tooth 44 as well as the second drive wheel 20b restart and move one step so that the tooth 44 of the month change wheel 42 meshes with the tooth of the month wheel 30 in order to move the motive of 24 months one step to display the next month.
  • the second training wheel 20b having restarted causes the second date program mobile 3b to display the 1 st day of the following month by means of the fourth disk of the upper tens 1b and the second disk of the upper units 2b.
  • the passage from the 31st to the 1st day of the following month is therefore done by a single jump of the fourth disc of the upper tens 1b and the second disc of the higher units 2b, the first date appearing instead of the 31 instantaneously and without transition in the wicket .
  • the first drive wheel 20a having advanced, its notch 28 arrives at the level of said drive pinion 22a.
  • the second drive wheel 20b advances one step per day driving the pin 58 which is progressively closer to the front of the loop 60 until it comes into contact with said loop 60 three days later to move forward.
  • one step the first drive wheel 20a which restarts again driven by the drive pinion 22a.
  • the two drive wheels 20a and 20 then resume their movement.
  • the braided system 60 / pin 58 provides a cycle of 31 days with two drive wheels 20a, 20b of 28 teeth.
  • the motive of months 24 is positioned so that the teeth of the 30-day month wheel 32 are removed from tooth 48 and the February tooth of the wheel months 30 can cooperate with the tooth 44.
  • the leap year management mobile 26 is positioned so that a wheel finger of the years no leap 38 can cooperate with the tooth 56 of the wheel 28 54, the finger of the wheel leap years 40 then being away from the tooth 52 of the wheel 29 50.
  • the second wheel 20b drive being in the standby position, the month change wheel 42, its tooth 44 and its pin 58 are stopped as described above.
  • the first drive wheel 20a continues to advance so that the tooth 56 of the wheel 28 meshes with the finger 54 of the wheel non-leap years 38 advancing the leap year management mobile 26 and thus the moving month of 24 steps to display the month of March.
  • the motive of the month 24 with its wheel of the month 30 drives the tooth 44 of the month change wheel 42 so that the second training wheel 20b is restarted causing the second calendar program mobile 3b to display the 1st day of March through the fourth upper tens disc 1b and the second disc of the upper units 2b.
  • the Maltese cross 34 performs a quarter turn each year, so that the fingers of the wheel of non-leap years 38 act on the tooth 56 as described above. on for three years.
  • the fourth year is a leap year.
  • the Maltese Cross 34 then performed a last quarter-turn so that it is the finger of the leap year wheel 40 which can cooperate with the tooth 52 of the wheel of 29 50.
  • the fingers of the wheel of the non-leap years 38 are then removed from the tooth 56 of the wheel of 28 54.
  • the mobile of the months 24 is positioned so that the teeth of the 30-day month wheel 32 are moved away from the tooth 48 and the tooth of the month of February the wheel 30 months can cooperate with the tooth 44.
  • the leap year management mobile 26 is positioned so that the finger of the leap year wheel 40 can cooperate with the tooth 52 of the wheel of 29 50, the fingers of the wheel leap years 38 then being away from the tooth 56 of the wheel 28 54.
  • the second drive wheel 20b being in the waiting position , the month change wheel 42, its tooth 44 and its pin 58 are stopped as described above. Under the action of the drive pinion 22a, the first drive wheel 20a continues to advance one step per day.
  • the tooth 56 of the 28 54 wheel passes in front of the wheel of non-leap years 38 without being able to actuate it.
  • the first drive wheel 20a advances by one step to drive the first date program mobile 3a to display the 29 by means of the third disk of the lower tens 1a and the first disk of the lower units 2a.
  • the tooth 52 of the wheel 29 50 which meshes with the finger wheel 40 leap years advancing the mobile management of leap years 26 and thus of the mobile month 24 of a step to display the month of March.
  • the motive of the month 24 with its wheel of the month 30 drives the tooth 44 of the month change wheel 42 so that the second training wheel 20b is restarted causing the second calendar program mobile 3b to display the 1st day of March through the fourth upper tens disc 1b and the second disc of the upper units 2b.
  • the passage from February 29 to the 1 st March is thus made by a single jump of the fourth disc of the upper tens 1b and the second disc of the higher units 2b, the first calendar of the month of March appearing in place of February 29 instantaneously and without transition in the window.
  • the pin 58 which had moved away from the front of the loop 60 when stopping the second drive wheel 20b resumes its position against the front of the loop 60 three days later when the notch 28 of the first drive wheel 20a arrives at the drive pinion 22a and goes into the waiting position and the second drive wheel 20b causes the pin 58 against the front of the loop to restart the first drive wheel 20a.
  • the two drive wheels 20a and 20b then resume their movement.
  • the date mechanism makes it possible to manage the training of the first 3a and second mobile calendar program 3b so that the display of the 28th at the last day of the month is carried out by the first program mobile of date 3a and the display of the 1 st day of the following month is performed by the second calendar program mobile 3b, the transition between the last day of the month and the first day of the following month being done by a single jump of the fourth disc upper tens 1b and the second disk of the higher units 2b appearing instantly and without transition in the window instead of the third upper tens disk 1a and the first disk of the lower units 2a.
  • the date mechanism according to the invention makes it possible to produce a date display in which the number of tens and the number of units are 25 days out of 31 on the same level. This makes it possible to obtain a very aesthetic date display, particularly suitable for a large date display.
  • date mechanism according to the invention has the advantage of being bidirectional.
  • a second variant of the invention according to which the date mechanism is a secular perpetual calendar mechanism for managing the years 2100, 2200 and 2300, which are in reality not leap years, but which are by exception of non-leap years.
  • the mechanism according to this second variant of the invention will not have to be adjusted in 2100, 2200 or 2300, unlike a conventional perpetual calendar mechanism.
  • the secular perpetual calendar mechanism comprises the same date discs 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, the same date program block 3 and the same motor member 5 as previously described for the first variant.
  • the training block is slightly modified to handle non-leap years 2100, 2200 and 2300.
  • the mobile of the month 24 comprises, according to the second variant, a wheel of the year 62 comprising a finger, the wheel of the month 30, the wheel of the months of 30 days 32 and a wheel of February 64 comprising a single tooth corresponding to the month of February and arranged to be superimposed on the tooth corresponding to the month of February of the wheel of the months 30.
  • Said wheels 62, 30, 32 and 64 of the mobile months are mounted coaxial on the axis of the mobile 24 months and solidarity some others.
  • the leap year management mechanism 26 comprises a leap year management wheel having a first lower toothing 66 and a second upper toothing 68, said first 66 and second 68 teeth being offset with respect to one another. other.
  • the leap year management mechanism 26 is pivotally mounted on the axis of the moving part of the months 24.
  • Said mobile of the months 24 and the leap year management mechanism 26 are arranged to cooperate on the one hand with the training block 4 and on the other hand with a program wheel from leap years 63 to at least 2300 as this will be described below.
  • the training unit 4 or the program wheel of the months comprises the first 20a and second 20b drive wheels meshing respectively with the first date drive wheel 14a of the first program wheel of date 3a and the second date drive wheel 14b of the second calendar program mobile 3b, as described above for the first variant.
  • the layout of the building is however different considering the additional elements necessary for the secular management of leap years.
  • the month program wheel includes the month change wheel 42 including the tooth 44 arranged to mesh with the month 30 wheel of the month 24 wheel, the wheel 46 referenced 46 bearing the tooth 48 arranged to be able to mesh. with the 30-day month wheel 32, the wheel of 29 referenced 50 bearing the tooth 52 arranged here to be able to mesh with the tooth of the wheel of February 64 of the mobile of the months 24, and a jumper of 28 referenced 70 bearing a tooth 72 arranged to mesh with the first lower gear 66 of the leap year management wheel when the leap year management mechanism 26 is free to rotate the leap years and to be able to mesh with the February 24 wheel of the month 24 wheel when the leap year management mechanism 26 is locked in rotation by the leap year program wheel 63 in non leap years.
  • the jumper 28, and the wheels 29 and 30 are arranged so that the tooth 52 of the wheel of 29 referenced 50 is shifted by one pitch relative to the tooth 72 of the jumper of 28 referenced 70 and the tooth 48 of the referenced wheel 46 is shifted one step from tooth 52 of wheel 29 referenced 50.
  • the month change wheel 42 is secured to the second drive wheel 20b through the drive shaft 4b of the second drive wheel 20b.
  • the wheel 46 referenced 46, the wheel of 29 referenced 50, the jumper of 28 referenced 70 and the first drive wheel 20a are integral with each other via the drive shaft 4a pivotally mounted on the drive shaft 4b.
  • the month change wheel 42 carries a pin 58 in the direction of the first drive wheel 20a.
  • the wheel 46 referenced 46, the wheel 29 referenced 50, and the first drive wheel 20a each comprise the oblong opening 60 called a gantry arranged to receive the pin 58 of the wheel of month change 42 and wherein said pin 58 may flow when the movement of the second drive wheel 20b is different from the movement of the first drive wheel 20a, as described above.
  • the jumper 28 referenced 70 is arranged with respect to the month change wheel 42 so that the 28th of the month, the tooth 72 of the jumper 28 70 is aligned with the tooth 44 of the month change wheel 42, said teeth 44 and 72 arriving at the height of the motive month 24 and the management mechanism leap years 26.
  • the leap year program wheel 63 comprises a training wheel 74 years, comprising 20 teeth, and arranged to cooperate on the one hand with the wheel of the years 62 mobile 24 months, and on the other hand with a display disc of the year units 75, drive wheels 76, 78 of the discs managing the display of the years, a cam of the 80s arranged to block the second upper toothing 68 of the leap year management wheel 26 , non-leap years, and to leave it free leap years (2000, 2004, 2008, 2012, 2016), the training wheel of the 74 years, the drive wheels 76, 78 of disks managing the display of years, and the cam of the 80s being integral in rotation, and a cam of the centuries 82 pivotally mounted coaxially on the cam of the years 80 and arranged to replace the cam of the 80s and block the second upper toothing 68 of the leap years management wheel 26 non-leap years 2100, 2200 and 2300.
  • the cam of the centuries 82 is secured to a wheel d 84 training of 20 teeth, kinematically connected to the movement to advance one step every 20 years so that the cam of the centuries 82 makes a turn every 400 years.
  • the cam of the 80s being in solidarity with the wheel of the 62 years makes a turn every 20 years. It comprises on its periphery five notches 86 corresponding to leap years for example 2000, 2004, 2008, 2012 and 2016. These notches 86 are arranged so that the second upper toothing 68 of the leap year management wheel 26 is free to turn when it is next to said notches 86 leap years, and for the periphery of the cam of the 80s blocks the second upper teeth 68 of the leap years management wheel 26 the other years, not leap.
  • the cam of the centuries 82 has three protrusions 88 arranged to fill the notches 86 of the cam of the 80s when said notch 86 will correspond to one of the years 2100, 2200 or 2300 which are non-leap.
  • the notch 86 being filled, the second upper toothing 68 of the leap year management wheel 26 will be blocked for the protrusion 88 occupying the notch 86, so that the mechanism will act as for the case of a non-leap year.
  • the drive wheel 76 is arranged to drive a tens of year display disc 90 pivotally mounted coaxially around the display disc of the year units 75.
  • the drive wheel 78 is arranged to drive a mobile Intermediate training 92 arranged to drive on the one hand a display disc hundreds of years 94 and secondly a display disc thousands of years 96.
  • the functioning of the secular perpetual calendar mechanism is as follows: on February 28, as every 28 of every other month as described previously for the first variant, the second wheel 20b drive is in the standby position, and the month change wheel 42, its tooth 44 and its pin 58 are stopped as already described above.
  • the moving part of the months 24 is positioned so that the teeth of the 30-day month wheel 32 are moved away from the tooth 48 of the wheel 46, that the February tooth of the 30-month wheel can cooperate with the tooth 44, and that the tooth of the February wheel 64 can cooperate with the tooth 52 of the wheel 29 50.
  • the jumper 28 is positioned so that its tooth 72 is ready to cooperate with the first lower toothing 66 of the leap year management wheel 26.
  • the cam of the 80's is arranged so that a notch 86 is next to the second upper toothing 68 of the leap year management wheel 26.
  • the leap year management mechanism 26 is free in rotation.
  • the first driving wheel 20a continues to advance one step per day.
  • the tooth 72 of the jumper of 28 70 meshes with the first lower toothing 66 of the management wheel leap years 26 which turns on itself since it is free in rotation.
  • the saltire of 28 70 is therefore inactive.
  • the first drive wheel 20a advances by one step to drive the first date program mobile 3a to display the 29 by means of the third disk of the lower tens 1a and the first disk of the lower units 2a, as previously described.
  • this is the tooth 52 of the wheel 29, 50 which meshes with the tooth of the wheel February 64 by advancing the mobile 24 by one step to display the month month March.
  • the motive of the month 24 with its wheel of the month 30 drives the tooth 44 of the month change wheel 42 so that the second training wheel 20b is restarted causing the second calendar program mobile 3b to display the 1st day of March through the fourth tens disc and upper 1b second disk of the higher units 2b.
  • the wheel of the 62 years also advances a step.
  • the operation of the pin 58 in the gusset 60 is the same as described above for the first variant.
  • the cam of the 80s is arranged so that its periphery is in contact with the second upper toothing 68 of the leap year management wheel 26.
  • the mechanism of management of the leap years 26 is blocked and can not turn.
  • the first drive wheel 20a continues to advance so that the tooth 72 of the jumper 28 70 attempts to mesh with the first lower teeth 66, which is locked in rotation, the jumper 28 70 is active, so that, because of the inclined plane of the teeth of the first lower toothing 66, the jumper 28 70 glide and descend to the lower level corresponding to the tooth of the wheel of February 64.
  • the saltire of 28 70 meshes then with the tooth of the wheel of February 64 moving the mobile of the months 24 of a step to display the month of March .
  • the month 24 wheel with its 30-month wheel drives the tooth 44 of the month change wheel 42 so that the second drive wheel 20b is restarted causing the second wheel set 3b program to display the 1st day of March through the fourth upper tens disc 1b and the second disc of the upper units 2b.
  • the operation of the pin 58 in the gusset 60 is the same as described above for the first variant.
  • the tooth of the wheel of February 64 is then removed from the tooth 52 of the wheel 29 50 and the tooth 72 of the jumper 28 70.
  • the tooth 52 of the wheel of 29 50 is no longer active the other months, and in case of non-leap year, the jumper 28 70 is no longer active the other months.
  • the 62-year-old wheel advances one step per month so as to cause the leap year program wheel 63 once a year via the wheel
  • the 74's training wheel drives the 1980's cam as well as the training wheels 76 and 78 to advance the display of the years on the discs 75, 90, 94 , and 96.
  • the 1980s cam advances one step per year so that a new notch 86 is presented against the leap year management mechanism 26 every four years, corresponding to a leap year and the of the mechanism described above for leap years.
  • the century cam 82 is managed by the drive wheel 84 and advances one step every 20 years.
  • the mechanism will act as in the case of a non-leap year.
  • This second variant has the same advantages as the first variant.
  • the figure 15 represents another embodiment of this second variant.
  • the drive block 4, the leap year management mechanism 26, the month 24 flywheel and the leap year program wheel 63 are made according to a construction different from that of the embodiment. of the Figures 11 to 14 , the other elements being identical.
  • This construction includes various security system to avoid date display errors when a correction is made back.
  • the teeth 48, 52 and 56 are here similar to the teeth 48, 52, 56 of the first variant but are respectively replaced by retractable teeth 148, 152 and 156 mounted on their respective wheel 30, wheel 29 and wheel 28 (not shown). They are held by jumpers.
  • the retractable teeth 148, 152 and 156 as well as the teeth of the mobile months are arranged so that the teeth 148, 152 and 156 retract in contact with the mobile months when rearward correction so as not to drive the mobile of months and risk an erroneous month display.
  • the retractable teeth 148, 152 and 156 constitute a first safety system in case of backward correction.
  • the month change wheel 42 and its tooth 44 are replaced by a month change finger 142 terminated by a tooth 144 arranged to mesh with the wheel 30 months of the mobile of the month 24.
  • This finger 142 is pivotally mounted relative to the second drive wheel 20b to allow a separation of these two elements when a correction of the date back is necessary.
  • the displacement of the finger 142 with respect to the second drive wheel 20b so that one can drive the other or not is controlled by means of a loop system 106, pins 108 and 110, and a jumper 111.
  • the pin 110 is integral with the finger 142 and is arranged to circulate in the loop 106 provided on the first drive wheel 20a.
  • the pin 108 is integral with the second drive wheel 20b and makes it possible to maintain the finger 142 under stress.
  • This mechanism constitutes a second safety system and makes it possible, in the event of rearward correction, to decouple the finger 142 from the second wheel. training 20b in order not to drive the date discs and risk a wrong display of the
  • the training block 4 comprises a third security system for securing the first and second drive wheels 20a, 20b in case of backward correction.
  • This system replaces the strap 60 and the pin 58 of the previous embodiments. It comprises a pin 158 fixed on a rocker 159 pivotally mounted on the second wheel 20b training and maintained by a jumper.
  • the pin 158 is arranged to circulate in a lug 160 provided on the first drive wheel 20a, and on the wheels 28, 29 and 30.
  • the lanyard 160 has a return 160a in which the pin 158 is positioned to restarting the first drive wheel 20a three days after the beginning of the month as described above.
  • the return 160a is a locking member for securing the first and second drive wheels 20a, 20b once they rotate synchronously.
  • a stud 161 arranged to extract the pin 158 of the return 160a when the pin 158 positioned in said return 160a arrives opposite the stud 161 on the 28th of the month and thus disconnect the first and second drive wheels 20a , 20b and allow their phase shift at the end of the month and at the beginning of the month, as described above.
  • This safety system allows normal operation of the mechanism and also helps secure the first and second drive wheels 20a, 20b in case of correction back and make a quick correction of the display to switch from March 1 to 28 February for example by means of a single jump.
  • the tooth 163 of the February wheel is arranged to be able to cooperate or mesh with the tooth 156 and with the tooth 152.
  • the leap year management mechanism 26 consists of a locking cam 165 pivotally mounted on the frame and arranged to cooperate on the one hand with the cam of the 80s or the cam of the centuries 82 of the leap years program wheel 63 and on the other hand with the retractable tooth 156.
  • the locking cam 165 falls into a notch 86 opposite the cam of the eighties so that it pushes the retractable tooth 156 which can no longer cooperate with the tooth 163.
  • the tooth 156 is then inactive during the passage from 28 to 29, as in the first embodiment of the second variant described above.
  • the locking cam 165 cooperates with the "normal" periphery of the cam of the eighties, so that the locking cam 165 has tilted, leaving the tooth 156 retractable back into active position to be able to cooperate with the tooth 163 when switching from February 28 to March 1.
  • the tooth 163 and the tooth 156 then function as the non-leap year wheel finger 38 and the tooth 56 of the first variant described above.
  • a rocker 167 pivotally mounted on the cam of the 80s.
  • the cam of the centuries 82 has the three protuberances 88 arranged to lift the lever 167 when an outgrowth 88 arrives.
  • the flip-flop 167 then pivots to tilt the locking cam 165 in the same position as if it cooperated with the "normal" periphery of the cam of the years.
  • the locking cam 165 has rocked to let the retractable tooth 156 return to the active position to cooperate with the tooth 163 as if it were a non-leap year.
  • the operation of the teeth 148 and 152 is similar to that of the teeth 48 and 52.

Claims (15)

  1. Datumsmechanismus für eine Uhr, umfassend eine Datumsanzeige mittels Datumsscheiben (1, 2), einen Datumsprogrammblock (3) zum Antreiben der Datumsscheiben, einen Antriebsblock (4) zum Antreiben des Datumsprogrammblocks (3), und ein Antriebsorgan (5) der Uhr, das zum Betätigen des Antriebsblocks (4) angeordnet ist, wobei die Datumsscheiben (1, 2) einerseits eine erste Scheibe (2a) der unteren Einer und eine zweite Scheibe (2b) der oberen Einer, die übereinander angeordnet und relativ zueinander frei drehbar sind, umfassen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Datumsscheiben (1, 2) andererseits eine dritte Scheibe (1a) der unteren Zehner und eine vierte Scheibe (1b) der oberen Zehner, die übereinander angeordnet und relativ zueinander frei drehbar sind, umfassen, wobei die erste Scheibe (2a) der unteren Einer in acht Sektoren unterteilt ist, die von den Ziffern 8, 9, 0 und 1 belegt sind, die die Folge 8, 9, 0, 1, 8, 9, 0, 1 bilden, die zweite Scheibe (2b) der oberen Einer in acht Sektoren unterteilt ist, von denen sieben Sektoren von den Ziffern von 1 bis 7 belegt sind und ein Sektor von einer Öffnung eingenommen ist, die eine der von der ersten Scheibe (2a) der unteren Einer getragenen Ziffern erscheinen lässt, die dritte Scheibe (1a) der unteren Zehner in acht Sektoren unterteilt ist, die von den Ziffern 2 und 3 belegt sind, die die Folge 2, 2, 3, 3, 2, 2, 3, 3 bilden, die vierte Scheibe (1b) der oberen Zehner in acht Sektoren unterteilt ist, von denen sieben Sektoren von den Ziffern 0, 1 und 2 belegt sind, die die Folge 0, 0, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2 bilden, und ein Sektor von einer Öffnung eingenommen ist, die eine der von der dritten Scheibe (1a) der unteren Zehner getragenen Ziffern erscheinen lässt, dass der Datumsprogrammblock (3) ein erstes Datumsprogrammdrehteil (3a) zum Betätigen der ersten Scheibe (2a) der unteren Einer und der dritten Scheibe (1a) der unteren Zehner und ein zweites Datumsprogrammdrehteil (3b) zum Betätigen der zweiten Scheibe (2b) der oberen Einer und der vierten Scheibe (1b) der oberen Zehner umfasst, wobei das erste (3a) und das zweite (3b) Datumsprogrammdrehteil dazu angeordnet sind, selektiv mit den Datumsscheiben (1a, 1b, 2a, 2b) in Eingriff zu gelangen, derart, dass das letzte Datum eines Monats mittels der dritten Scheibe (1a) der unteren Zehner und der ersten Scheibe (2a) der unteren Einer angezeigt wird und das erste Datum des folgenden Monats mittels der vierten Scheibe (1b) der oberen Zehner und der zweiten Scheibe (2b) der oberen Einer angezeigt wird, wobei der Datumswechsel zwischen zwei aufeinanderfolgenden Monaten unabhängig vom jeweiligen Monat durch einen einzigen Sprung der vierten Scheibe (1b) der oberen Zehner und der zweiten Scheibe (2b) der oberen Einer erfolgt.
  2. Datumsmechanismus nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Antriebsblock (4) ein erstes Antriebsrad (20a), das zum Antreiben des ersten Datumsprogrammdrehteils (3a) angeordnet ist, und ein zweites Antriebsrad (20b), das zum Antreiben des zweiten Datumsprogrammdrehteils (3b) angeordnet ist, umfasst, und dass das Antriebsorgan (5) ein erstes Antriebsritzel (22a), das mit dem ersten Antriebsrad (20a) in Eingriff steht, und ein zweites Antriebsritzel (22b), das mit den zweiten Antriebsrad (20b) in Eingriff steht, umfasst.
  3. Datumsmechanismus nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das erste Datumsprogrammdrehteil (3a) ein erstes Datumsantriebsrad (14a), das mindestens indirekt mit dem Antriebsblock (4) in Eingriff steht, ein Rad (16a) der unteren Zehner, das mindestens indirekt mit einem mit der dritten Scheibe (1a) der unteren Zehner montierten Ritzel (12a) in Eingriff steht, und ein Rad (18a) der unteren Einer, das mindestens indirekt mit einem mit der ersten Scheibe (2a) der unteren Einer montierten Ritzel (10a) in Eingriff steht, umfasst, und dass das zweite Datumsprogrammdrehteil (3b) ein zweites Datumsantriebsrad (14b), das mindestens indirekt mit dem Antriebsblock (4) in Eingriff steht, ein Rad (16b) der oberen Zehner, das mindestens indirekt mit einem mit der vierten Scheibe (1b) der oberen Zehner montierten Ritzel (12b) in Eingriff steht, und ein Rad (18b) der oberen Einer, das mindestens indirekt mit einem mit der zweiten Scheibe (2b) der oberen Einer montierten Ritzel in Eingriff steht, umfasst.
  4. Datumsmechanismus nach einem der Ansprüche 2 und 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass er ferner ein Monatsdrehteil (24) und einen Mechanismus (26) zum Steuern der Schaltjahre umfasst, die dazu angeordnet sind, mit dem Antriebsblock (4) zusammenzuwirken, und dass der Antriebsblock (4) ein Monatsprogrammrad ist, in das das erste (20a) und das zweite (20b) Antriebsrad integriert sind, derart, dass der Datumsmechanismus ein ewiger Datumsmechanismus ist.
  5. Datumsmechanismus nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das erste Antriebsrad (20a) bzw. das zweite Antriebsrad (20b) 28 Zähne umfasst, wovon einer fehlt und eine Lücke (28) bildet, die eine Warteposition definiert, in der das erste Antriebsrad (20a) bzw. das zweite Antriebsrad (20b) von dem Antriebsorgan (5) nicht angetrieben wird.
  6. Datumsmechanismus nach einem der Ansprüche 4 und 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Monatsdrehteil (24) ein Monatsrad (30) umfasst, das mit einem Rad (32) für die Monate mit 30 Tagen montiert ist, und dass der Mechanismus (26) zum Steuern der Schaltjahre ein Drehteil zum Steuern der Schaltjahre ist, das ein Rad (38) für die Nichtschaltjahre und ein Rad (40) für die Schaltjahre umfasst.
  7. Datumsmechanismus nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Monatsprogrammrad zusätzlich zu dem ersten (20a) und dem zweiten (20b) Antriebsrad, die mit dem ersten (3a) bzw. dem zweiten (3b) Datumsprogrammdrehteil in Eingriff stehen, umfasst: ein Monatswechselrad (42) mit einem Zahn (44), der so angeordnet ist, dass er mit dem Monatsrad (30) des Monatsdrehteils (24) in Eingriff gelangt, wobei das Monatswechselrad (42) mit dem zweiten Antriebsrad (20b) montiert ist und einen Stift (58) trägt, ein Rad (54) mit 28 Zähnen, das einen Zahn (56) trägt, der so angeordnet ist, dass er mit dem Rad (38) für die Nichtschaltjahre des Drehteils zum Steuern der Schaltjahre in Eingriff gelangen kann, wobei das Rad (54) mit 28 Zähnen in Bezug auf das Monatswechselrad (42) derart angeordnet ist, dass am 28. des Monats der Zahn (56) des Rades (54) mit 28 Zähnen auf den Zahn (44) des Monatswechselrades (42) ausgerichtet ist, ein Rad (50) mit 29 Zähnen, das einen Zahn (52) trägt, der so angeordnet ist, dass er mit dem Rad (40) für die Schaltjahre des Drehteils zum Steuern der Schaltjahre in Eingriff gelangen kann, wobei der Zahn (52) des Rades (50) mit 29 Zähnen in Bezug auf den Zahn (56) des Rades (54) mit 28 Zähnen um einen Schritt versetzt ist, und ein Rad (46) mit 30 Zähnen, das einen Zahn (48) trägt, der so angeordnet ist, dass er mit dem Rad (32) für die Monate mit 30 Tagen in Eingriff gelangen kann, wobei der Zahn (48) des Rades (46) mit 30 Zähnen in Bezug auf den Zahn (52) des Rades (50) mit 29 Zähnen um einen Schritt versetzt ist, wobei das Rad (50) mit 29 Zähnen, das Rad (54) mit 28 Zähnen und das erste Antriebsrad (20a) miteinander montiert sind und jeweils eine längliche Öffnung (60) aufweisen, die zur Aufnahme des Stifts (58) des Monatswechselrades (42) angeordnet ist.
  8. Datumsmechanismus nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Drehteil zum Steuern der Schaltjahre sowie ein Malteserkreuz (34), das mit dem Drehteil zum Steuern der Schaltjahre drehfest verbunden ist, an dem Monatsdrehteil (24) drehbar montiert sind, wobei das Malteserkreuz (34) durch einen festen Finger (36) betätigt wird, um den sich das von dem Monatsdrehteil (24) getragene Malteserkreuz (34) dreht.
  9. Datumsmechanismus nach einem der Ansprüche 4 und 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Monatsdrehteil (24) ein Jahresrad (62), ein Monatsrad (30), ein Rad (32) für die Monate mit 30 Tagen und ein Februar-Rad (64), die miteinander montiert sind, umfasst, und dass der Mechanismus (26) zum Steuern der Schaltjahre ein Rad zum Steuern der Schaltjahre umfasst, das eine erste untere Zahnung (66) und eine zweite obere Zahnung (68) aufweist, wobei die erste (66) und die zweite (68) Zahnung zueinander versetzt sind und der Mechanismus (26) zum Steuern der Schaltjahre dafür ausgelegt ist, mit einem Programmrad (63) der Schaltjahre mindestens bis 2300 zusammenzuwirken, derart, dass der Datumsmechanismus ein ewiger Jahrhundert-Datumsmechanismus ist.
  10. Datumsmechanismus nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Monatsprogrammrad zusätzlich zu dem ersten (20a) und dem zweiten (20b) Antriebsrad, die mit dem ersten (3a) bzw. dem zweiten (3b) Datumsprogrammdrehteil in Eingriff stehen, umfasst: ein Monatswechselrad (42) mit einem Zahn (44), der so angeordnet ist, dass er mit dem Monatsrad (30) des Monatsdrehteils (24) in Eingriff gelangt, wobei das Monatswechselrad (42) mit dem zweiten Antriebsrad (20b) montiert ist und einen Stift (58) trägt, wobei eine Hebelfeder (70) für 28 Tage einen Zahn (72) trägt, der so angeordnet ist, dass er mit der ersten unteren Zahnung (66) des Rades zum Steuern der Schaltjahre in Eingriff gelangt, wenn der Mechanismus (26) zum Steuern der Schaltjahre während der Schaltjahre frei drehbar ist, und mit dem Februar-Rad (64) des Monatsdrehteils (24) in Eingriff gelangen kann, wenn der Mechanismus (26) zum Steuern der Schaltjahre durch das Programmrad (63) der Schaltjahre während der Nichtschaltjahre rotatorisch blockiert ist, ein Rad (50) für 29 Tage, das einen Zahn (52) trägt, der so angeordnet ist, dass er mit dem Februar-Rad (64) in Eingriff gelangen kann, wobei der Zahn (52) des Rades (50) für 29 Tage in Bezug auf den Zahn (72) der Hebelfeder (70) für 28 Tage um einen Schritt versetzt ist, und ein Rad (46) für 30 Tage, das einen Zahn (48) trägt, der so angeordnet ist, dass er mit dem Monatsrad (32) für 30 Tage in Eingriff gelangen kann, wobei der Zahn (48) des Rades (46) für 30 Tage in Bezug auf den Zahn (52) des Rades (50) für 29 Tage um einen Schritt versetzt ist, wobei die Hebelfeder (70) für 28 Tage in Bezug auf das Monatswechselrad (42) so angeordnet ist, dass am 28. des Monats der Zahn (72) der Hebelfeder (70) für 28 Tage auf den Zahn (44) des Monatswechselrads (42) ausgerichtet ist, wobei das Rad (46) für 30 Tage, das Rad (50) für 29 Tage, die Hebelfeder (70) für 28 Tage und das erste Antriebsrad (20a) drehfest miteinander verbunden sind und das Rad (46) für 30 Tage, das Rad (50) für 29 Tage und das erste Antriebsrad (20a) jeweils eine längliche Öffnung (60) aufweisen, die zur Aufnahme des Stifts (58) des Monatswechselrades (42) angeordnet ist.
  11. Datumsmechanismus nach einem der Ansprüche 9 und 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Programmrad (63) für die Schaltjahre ein Jahresantriebsrad (74) umfasst, das so angeordnet ist, dass es mit dem Jahresrad (62) des Monatsdrehteils (24) zusammenwirkt, wobei die Antriebsräder (76, 78) der Scheiben (75, 90, 94, 96) die Anzeige der Jahre steuern, ein Jahresnocken (80) so angeordnet ist, dass er die zweite obere Zahnung (68) des Rades zum Steuern der Schaltjahre während der Nichtschaltjahre blockiert und sie während der Schaltjahre freigibt, wobei das Jahresantriebsrad (74), die Antriebsräder (76, 78) der Scheiben (75, 90, 94, 96), die die Anzeige der Jahre steuern, und der Jahresnocken (80) drehfest verbunden sind und ein Jahrhundertnocken (82) an dem Jahresnocken (80) schwenkbar montiert ist und so angeordnet ist, dass er während der Nichtschaltjahre 2100, 2200 und 2300 den Jahresnocken (80) ersetzt und die zweite obere Zahnung (68) des Rades zum Steuern der Schaltjahre blockiert.
  12. Datumsmechanismus nach einem der Ansprüche 4 und 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Monatsdrehteil (24), miteinander montiert, ein Jahresrad (62), ein Monatsrad (30), ein Rad (32) für die Monate mit 30 Tagen und ein Februar-Rad mit einem einzelnen Zahn (163) umfasst, und dass der Mechanismus (26) zum Steuern der Schaltjahre einen Verriegelungsnocken (165) umfasst, der zum Zusammenwirken mit einem Programmrad (63) der Schaltjahre mindestens bis 2300 angeordnet ist, derart, dass der Datumsmechanismus ein ewiger Jahrhundert-Datumsmechanismus ist.
  13. Datumsmechanismus nach Anspruch 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Monatsprogrammrad zusätzlich zu dem ersten (20a) und dem zweiten (20b) Antriebsrad, die mit dem ersten (3a) bzw. dem zweiten (3b) Datumsprogrammdrehteil in Eingriff stehen, umfasst: einen Monatswechselfinger (142), der in einem Zahn (144) endet, der so angeordnet ist, dass er mit dem Monatsrad (30) des Monatsdrehteils (24) in Eingriff gelangt, wobei der Monatswechselfinger (142) so angeordnet ist, dass er von dem zweiten Antriebsrad (20b) entkoppelbar ist, ein Rad für 28 Tage, das einen herausziehbaren Zahn (156) trägt, der zum Zusammenwirken mit dem Verriegelungsnocken (165) angeordnet ist, derart, dass der Zahn (156) des Rades für 28 Tage mit dem Zahn (163) des Februar-Rades zusammenwirken kann oder nicht, ein Rad für 29 Tage, das einen herausziehbaren Zahn (152) trägt, der so angeordnet ist, dass er mit dem Zahn (163) des Februar-Rades in Eingriff gelangen kann, und ein Rad für 30 Tage, das einen herausziehbaren Zahn (148) trägt, der so angeordnet ist, dass er mit dem Monatsrad (32) für 30 Tage in Eingriff gelangen kann.
  14. Datumsmechanismus nach Anspruch 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Programmrad (63) für die Schaltjahre einen Jahresnocken (80), der zum Betätigen des Verriegelungsnockens (165) angeordnet ist, und einen Jahrhundertnocken (82), der zum Ersetzen des Jahresnockens (80) während der Nichtschaltjahre 2100, 2000 2300 und zum Betätigen des Verriegelungsnockens (165) angeordnet ist, umfasst.
  15. Uhr, umfassend einen Jahres-Datumsmechanismus nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche.
EP16205926.5A 2016-12-21 2016-12-21 Datumsmechanismus Active EP3339973B1 (de)

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EP16205926.5A EP3339973B1 (de) 2016-12-21 2016-12-21 Datumsmechanismus
US15/834,101 US10222751B2 (en) 2016-12-21 2017-12-07 Calendar mechanism
JP2017242416A JP6524200B2 (ja) 2016-12-21 2017-12-19 カレンダ機構
CN201711382203.1A CN108227455B (zh) 2016-12-21 2017-12-20 日历机构
RU2017144660A RU2740275C2 (ru) 2016-12-21 2017-12-20 Календарный механизм
HK18115292.3A HK1256247A1 (zh) 2016-12-21 2018-11-29 日曆機構

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CN108943612A (zh) * 2018-10-15 2018-12-07 金陵科技学院 一种抽芯距可调的注塑模具
EP3667434B1 (de) * 2018-12-10 2021-08-04 Montres Breguet S.A. Grossanzeigemechanismus für datum, und mit einem solchen mechanismus ausgestattete uhr
EP3667435B1 (de) * 2018-12-10 2022-06-01 Montres Breguet S.A. Einstellsystem der position eines ersten gezahnten drehteils in bezug auf eine halterung, auf der dieser ersten gezahnten drehteil drehbar befestigt ist, und uhr, die ein solches system umfasst
EP3832397B1 (de) * 2019-12-05 2023-09-06 Blancpain SA Uhr-anzeigemechanismus mit sofortigem umspringen
EP3904964B1 (de) * 2020-05-01 2023-03-08 Rolex Sa Anzeigevorrichtung einer uhrzeitanzeige oder eines abgeleiteten uhrzeitwerts und indexierungsvorrichtung

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JP6524200B2 (ja) 2019-06-05
EP3339973A1 (de) 2018-06-27
CN108227455A (zh) 2018-06-29
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HK1256247A1 (zh) 2019-09-20
RU2740275C2 (ru) 2021-01-12

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