Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
  • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
  • H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
  • H01B7/18—Protection against damage caused by wear, mechanical force or pressure; Sheaths; Armouring
  • H01B7/187—Sheaths comprising extruded non-metallic layers
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
  • H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
  • H01B13/06—Insulating conductors or cables
  • H01B13/14—Insulating conductors or cables by extrusion
  • H01B13/148—Selection of the insulating material therefor
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
  • B29C48/16—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers
  • B29C48/17—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers the components having different colours
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
  • H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
  • H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
  • H01B3/30—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes
  • H01B3/302—Polyurethanes or polythiourethanes; Polyurea or polythiourea
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
  • H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
  • H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
  • H01B3/30—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes
  • H01B3/42—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes polyesters; polyethers; polyacetals
  • H01B3/427—Polyethers
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
  • H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
  • H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
  • H01B3/30—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes
  • H01B3/44—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes vinyl resins; acrylic resins
  • H01B3/443—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes vinyl resins; acrylic resins from vinylhalogenides or other halogenoethylenic compounds
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
  • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
  • H01B7/36—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form with distinguishing or length marks
  • H01B7/361—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form with distinguishing or length marks being the colour of the insulation or conductor
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G02—OPTICS
  • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
  • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
  • G02B5/12—Reflex reflectors
  • G02B5/136—Reflex reflectors plural reflecting elements forming part of a unitary body

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a cable comprising at least one elongate conductive element surrounded by a reflective protective sheath.
• Reflective cables are well known to those skilled in the art.
• this reflective cable is in no way suitable for the mining field, a field in which the cable is subjected to numerous mechanical stresses.
• the manufacturing process is not optimal since it requires many manufacturing steps.
• the object of the present invention is to overcome the drawbacks of the techniques of the prior art by proposing a cable comprising at least one reflective protective sheath having very good mechanical properties, while guaranteeing very good optical reflection properties throughout. of the life of the cable.
• the present invention relates to a cable comprising one or more elongated conductive elements, said elongated conductive element or all of said elongated conductive elements being surrounded by a protective sheath, characterized in that the outer surface and / or the inner surface of the protective sheath comprises at least one longitudinal groove in which is positioned a reflective longitudinal element obtained from a first composition comprising a first polymer material and at least one reflecting charge.
• the invention advantageously has a cable comprising a protective sheath having a high mechanical strength while being easily visible by optical reflection throughout the life of the cable.
• the term "outer surface" of the protective sheath the surface of the protective sheath furthest from the elongated conductor element (s) which it surrounds (in section crosswise cable).
• inner surface of the protective sheath means the surface of the protective sheath least distant from the elongated conductive element (s) surrounding it (in cross-section of the cable).
• the reflective longitudinal element thanks to the reflective load contained in the first composition, makes it possible to reflect an incident light, coming for example from a light source such as a flashlight or a headlight of a motor vehicle, in order to make visible the cable of the invention in a dark environment.
• a light source such as a flashlight or a headlight of a motor vehicle
• the outer surface and / or the inner surface of the protective sheath comprises one or more reflective longitudinal elements. We can talk about reflective protective sheath.
• the reflective longitudinal element is preferably continuous along the cable.
• the reflective longitudinal element can extend helically along the cable
• the reflective element obtained from a first composition comprising a first polymer material and at least one reflective filler, may be crosslinked or not.
• the crosslinking can be carried out by techniques well known to those skilled in the art, such as for example by peroxide crosslinking under the action of heat.
• the first composition may further comprise an organic peroxide.
• crosslinked element means an element that satisfies the "hot set test” according to the standard IEC 60811-507 with a hot creep under load (percentage elongation) of at most 175%.
• the first polymeric material that constitutes the reflective element is a crosslinked material.
• non-crosslinked element means an element that does not meet the IEC 60811-507 standard.
• the first polymeric material may comprise at least one polymer A having a glass transition temperature (Tg) of at most 10 ° C, preferably at most 0 ° C, preferably at most -10 ° C, and preferably at most -20 ° C.
• Tg glass transition temperature
• the glass transition temperature of a polymer can be conventionally measured by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) with a temperature ramp of 10 ° C / min under a nitrogen atmosphere.
• DSC differential scanning calorimetry
• the polymer A may have a Young's modulus of at most 200 MPa, preferably at most 100 MPa, and particularly preferably at most 60 MPa.
• the Young's modulus is typically determined using a traction machine having a force sensor. During the stretching of the material sample, the force sensor transmits a signal proportional to the force imposed on the sample.
• Polymer A may have an abrasion resistance of at most
• the abrasion resistance can be achieved according to the TABER abrasion test with a Taber 5700 linear abraser with the following conditions: 25 cycles / min; 1000 cycles; load of 1.1 kg; and length of abrasion 7.62 cm.
• the first polymeric material may preferably be a transparent or translucent polymeric material, in order to improve the visualization of the reflective charge within the first polymeric material.
• the term "transparent" an element or a polymer material allowing more or less light flow and through which the objects are clearly visible. More particularly, it is a polymeric element or material through which an image is observed without significant loss of contrast: the interposition of said transparent element or transparent polymeric material between an image and an observer thereof does not significantly reduce the quality of the image.
• the term "translucent" means a polymeric element or material transmitting light diffusely and through which objects appear blurred.
• Said polymer A may be chosen from one or more of the following polymers: polychloroprene, chlorinated polyethylene (CPE), ethylene propylene diene monomer elastomer, ethylene propylene elastomer, chlorosulfonated polyethylene elastomer, copolymer of butadiene and acrylonitrile, copolymer hydrogenated butadiene and acrylonitrile, acrylonitrile elastomer, natural rubber, fluorocarbon elastomer, butadiene elastomer, butyl elastomer, chlorobutyl elastomer, bromobutyl elastomer, styrene-butadiene copolymer, silicone elastomer, polypropylene, polyethylene, copolymer ethylene and vinyl acetate, copolymer of ethylene and butyl acrylate, thermoplastic polyolefin elastomer (TPO), vulcanized
• the polymer A used preferably in the invention may be selected from a thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer (TPU), a chlorinated polyethylene (CPE), and a mixture thereof.
• TPU thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer
• CPE chlorinated polyethylene
• the chlorinated polyethylene may comprise at least 20% by weight of chlorine, and preferably between 30 and 40% by weight of chlorine.
• the first composition may comprise more than 50% by weight of polymer (s) A, preferably more than 70% by weight of polymer (s) A, and particularly preferably more than 90% by weight of polymer (s) A , based on the total weight of polymer material.
• the first polymer material is composed solely of one or more polymer (s) A.
• the first composition may comprise at least 30% by weight of first polymer material, preferably at least 40% by weight of first polymer material, and particularly preferably at least 50% by weight of first polymer material, relative to the total weight of the first composition.
• the reflecting charge included in the first composition advantageously makes it possible to reflect an incident light throughout the thickness of the reflective longitudinal element. Thus, even if the cable protective sheath undergoes surface abrasion in operational configuration, the light reflection properties of the cable remain intact.
• the reflective filler may be selected from metal particles, metallized particles, inorganic particles with a refractive index greater than or equal to 1.5, and a mixture thereof.
• the metal particles may be selected from particles of aluminum, aluminum alloy, silver and silver alloy.
• the metallized particles may be particles composed of a support coated with a metal coating or a metal alloy coating.
• the support may be a polymer such as a polyester.
• the metal or metal alloy coating may be selected from a coating of aluminum, aluminum alloy, silver and silver alloy.
• the metallic or metallized particles may have a form factor strictly greater than 1, preferably at least 10, preferably at least 20, particularly preferably at least 100.
• Said filler is preferably of lamellar type .
• the form factor is typically the ratio between the smallest dimension of the particle (such as, for example, the particle thickness for a lamellar particle) and the largest dimension of said particle (such as for example, the length of the particle for a lamellar particle).
• the inorganic particles may have a refractive index of at least 1.5, and preferably at least 1.8.
• the inorganic particles used as reflective filler may be based on silicon dioxide, and more particularly on glass beads.
• the glass may also advantageously contain other oxides such as oxides of boron, barium, calcium and / or titanium.
• the form factor of these inorganic particles may be preferably equal to 1, or in other words these particles are substantially spherical in shape.
• the reflective load of the invention is a micrometric load.
• Micrometric charges typically have at least one of their micrometer size dimensions (10 -6 meters).
• dimension is meant the number-average size of all the micrometric charges of a given population, this dimension being conventionally determined by methods well known to those skilled in the art.
• the size of the micrometric charges according to the invention may for example be determined by microscopy, in particular by transmission electron microscope (TEM).
• TEM transmission electron microscope
• the average number of micrometric charges may be in particular at most 800 ⁇ m, preferably at most 600 ⁇ m, and more preferably at most 400 ⁇ m.
• the number average size of the micrometric charges is at least 1 ⁇ m and at most 100 ⁇ m, preferably at least 1 ⁇ m, and at most 60 ⁇ m, and particularly preferably at least 5 ⁇ m and at most 30 ⁇ m.
• the number average size of these charges may be at most 400 ⁇ m, and preferably may be go from 1 to 100 pm.
• the number average size of these fillers can range from 10 to 300 ⁇ m, and preferably from 30 to 30 ⁇ m. 80 pm.
• the first composition of the invention may comprise a sufficient amount of reflective filler (s) to obtain the desired properties.
• the first composition may comprise from 0.1 to 100 parts by weight of reflective filler (s), and preferably from 1 to 90 parts by weight of reflective filler (s), per 100 parts by weight of the first polymeric material in the first composition.
• the first composition may comprise from 0.1 to 30 parts by weight of said metallic or metallized particles, and preferably from 1 to 20 parts by weight of said particles metallic or metallized, per 100 parts by weight of the first polymer material in the first composition.
• the first composition may comprise from 20 to 90 parts by weight of said inorganic particles, and preferably from 40 to 60 parts by weight of said inorganic particles, per 100 parts by weight. weight of the first polymeric material in the first composition.
• the first composition of the invention may further comprise an additive D, different from the reflecting charge, said additive D being in particular intended to improve the optical reflection of the reflective charge in the reflective element.
• the first composition may further advantageously comprise said additive D.
• the additive D is preferably of micrometric size, or in other words at least one of its micrometer size dimensions (10 -6 meters).
• the number-average dimension of said additive D (ie at least one of its dimensions) can be at least 1 ⁇ m and at most 100 ⁇ m, preferably at least 1 ⁇ m and at most 50 ⁇ m. and particularly preferably at least 5 pm and at most 20 pm.
• the form factor of this type of additive D may be greater than or equal to 1.
• the additive D may be preferably selected from metal particles, particles derived from a metal, and a mixture thereof.
• the metal particles may be for example particles of aluminum, aluminum alloy, silver or silver alloy.
• Particles derived from a metal may be, for example, metal oxide particles, such as in particular titanium dioxide particles.
• the micrometric metal oxide particles may in particular be pigments.
• the first composition of the invention may comprise a sufficient amount of additive D to obtain the desired properties.
• the first composition may comprise from 0.01 to 10 parts by weight of additive D, and preferably from 0.01 to 5 parts by weight of additive D, per 100 parts by weight of the first material. polymer in the first composition.
• the additive D may be incorporated in the first composition as such, or in the form of a masterbatch to facilitate its incorporation and distribution within the polymer matrix.
• the base of this masterbatch may be a polymer, or a mineral oil such as for example a mixture of saturated hydrocarbons.
• the first composition may be advantageously extruded along the cable, by techniques well known to those skilled in the art.
• the protective sheath extends longitudinally along the cable and surrounds the single elongated conductive member or all of the elongated conductive members.
• the protective sheath is the outermost layer of the cable.
• the protective sheath may comprise:
• one or more longitudinal grooves on its outer surface and one or more longitudinal grooves on its inner surface are one or more longitudinal grooves on its outer surface and one or more longitudinal grooves on its inner surface.
• Each groove may advantageously be of identical shape.
• the longitudinal groove can be obtained from a notch of cross-section in the shape of "V” (ie triangular) or "U” (rectangular), whose central axis is preferably radial on the cable.
• each of the longitudinal grooves is obtained from a notch of cross-section in the form of "V” (i.e. triangular) or "U” (rectangular), whose central axis is preferably radial on the cable.
• Said groove may extend parallel to the longitudinal axis of the cable or helically along the cable.
• the depth of the groove preferably does not exceed three quarters of the maximum thickness of the protective sheath.
• the groove may advantageously have a depth of at least 1/8, preferably at least 1/6, and particularly preferably at least 1/4, with respect to the maximum thickness of the protective sheath. .
• each longitudinal groove is disposed at equal distance from one another or from each other.
• the longitudinal grooves may be parallel to each other.
• the term "on the same surface” means the outer surface of the protective sheath or the inner surface of the protective sheath.
• the longitudinal groove or grooves, positioned on the outer surface and / or inner surface of the protective sheath and in the thickness of the protective sheath, can be easily manufactured using an extrusion head adapted to die exit from an extruder.
• the longitudinal groove or grooves positioned on the outer surface and / or inner surface of the protective sheath and in the thickness of the protective sheath, can easily be generated in the protective sheath material, which is using a die, one or more punch (s) and a suitable extrusion head.
• the protective sheath is preferably a polymeric sheath.
• the protective sheath is a sheath neither transparent nor translucent. It is preferably colored. This first embodiment is particularly applicable when the inner surface of the protective sheath does not comprise a longitudinal groove in which is positioned said longitudinal reflective element.
• the protective sheath is a transparent or translucent sheath. It is preferably not colored.
• This second embodiment applies in particular when the inner surface of the protective sheath comprises at least one longitudinal groove in which is positioned said longitudinal reflective element.
• This second mode allows the reflective element positioned in the longitudinal groove on the inner surface of the protective sheath to be visible outside the protective sheath.
• It can be obtained from a second composition comprising a second polymer material, and optionally fillers and / or additives well known to those skilled in the art.
• fillers inert fillers such as kaolin, chalk
• additives processing agents, protective agents, plasticizers, crosslinking co-agents, crosslinking agents such as organic peroxides.
• the protective sheath may be crosslinked or not.
• the crosslinking can be carried out by techniques well known to those skilled in the art, such as for example by peroxide crosslinking under the action of heat.
• the second composition may further comprise an organic peroxide.
• crosslinked sheath a sheath that satisfies the "hot set test” according to the standard IEC 60811-507 with a hot creep under load (percentage elongation) of at most 175%.
• the second polymer material which constitutes the protective sheath is a crosslinked material.
• non-crosslinked sheath means a sheath that does not meet the IEC 60811-507 standard.
• the protective sheath is an electrically insulating sheath.
• the term "electrically insulating" a layer or sheath whose electrical conductivity can be at most 1.10 "9 S / m (siemens per meter) (at 25 ° C), and preferably of not more than 1.10 "12 S / m (at 25 ° C).
• the second polymeric material may be the same or different to the first polymeric material.
• the second polymeric material is a material that is neither transparent nor translucent. It can be advantageously colored. This first embodiment is particularly applicable when the inner surface of the protective sheath does not comprise a longitudinal groove in which is positioned said longitudinal reflective element.
• the second polymeric material is a transparent or translucent material. It is preferably not colored. This second embodiment applies in particular when the inner surface of the protective sheath comprises at least one longitudinal groove in which is positioned said longitudinal reflective element.
• the second polymer may comprise at least one polymer B having a glass transition temperature (Tg, preferably at most 0.degree. C., preferably at most -10.degree. C., and preferably at most -20.degree. vs.
• Tg glass transition temperature
• the polymer B may have a Young's modulus of at most 200 MPa, preferably at most 100 MPa, and particularly preferably at most 60 MPa.
• Polymer B can have an abrasion resistance of at most 250 mg.
• Said polymer B can be chosen from one or more of the following polymers: polychloroprene, chlorinated polyethylene (CPE), ethylene propylene diene monomer elastomer, ethylene propylene elastomer, chlorosulfonated polyethylene elastomer, copolymer of butadiene and acrylonitrile, copolymer hydrogenated butadiene and acrylonitrile, acrylonitrile elastomer, natural rubber, fluorocarbon elastomer, butadiene elastomer, butyl elastomer, chlorobutyl elastomer, bromobutyl elastomer, styrene-butadiene copolymer, silicone elastomer, polypropylene, polyethylene, copolymer ethylene and vinyl acetate, copolymer of ethylene and butyl acrylate, thermo
• the polymer B used in a preferred manner in the invention may be chosen from a thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer (TPU), a chlorinated polyethylene (CPE), and a mixture thereof.
• TPU thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer
• CPE chlorinated polyethylene
• the second composition may comprise more than 50% by weight of polymer (s) B, preferably more than 70% by weight of polymer (s) B, and particularly preferably more than 90% by weight of polymer (s) B, based on the total weight of polymer material.
• the first polymer material is composed solely of one or more polymer (s) B.
• the second composition may comprise at least 30% by weight of second polymeric material, preferably at least 50% by weight of second polymeric material, and particularly preferably at least 70% by weight of second material. polymer, relative to the total weight of the second composition.
• the second composition may be advantageously extruded along the cable, by techniques well known to those skilled in the art.
• the protective sheath of the invention may be a sheath of the tubular type or the stuffing type.
• tubular sheath means a tube-shaped sheath comprising a substantially identical thickness all along said tube.
• the tubular sheath may be more or less tight around all the insulated conductors so as to immobilize all of said insulated conductors inside said sheath.
• the tubular sheath is very simple and quick to perform since it requires a pressure at the exit of the extruder smaller than that required for the manufacture of a stuffing sheath.
• plying sheath means a sheath that fills the interstices between isolated electrical conductors whose volumes are accessible.
• the cable of the invention may be an electrical and / or optical cable, intended for the transmission of energy and / or the transmission of data.
• this type of cable comprises one or more elongated conductive element (s) of the electrical and / or optical type.
• the set of elongated conductive elements constituting the cable extends inside the protective sheath.
• the cable of the invention may comprise one or more elongated electrical conductors isolated, and optionally one or more elongated electrical conductors uninsulated.
• the isolated electrical conductor or conductors may conventionally be elongated conductors surrounded respectively by at least one electrically insulating layer.
• the elongate electrical conductor may be a single-body conductor such as for example a wire, or a multi-body conductor such as a plurality of metal wires, twisted or not.
• the elongated electrical conductor may be made from a metallic material chosen in particular from aluminum, an aluminum alloy, copper, a copper alloy, and one of their combinations.
• the cable of the invention may have an outer diameter ranging from 20 to 90 mm.
• the protective sheath of the cable of the invention may have a thickness ranging from 1 to 10 mm, and preferably ranging from 2 to 8 mm.
• the cable of the present invention can be advantageously obtained by coextruding the protective sheath together with the reflective longitudinal element.
• first composition and the second composition of the invention can be extruded through a suitable extrusion head, and can thus be deposited at the same time around the elongate conductive member (s).
• the longitudinal groove or grooves positioned on the outer surface and / or on the inner surface of the protective sheath and in its thickness, can be easily generated in the protective sheath material, using a die, one or more punch (s) and a suitable extrusion head.
• Figure 1 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a cable according to a first embodiment of the invention.
• Figure 2 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a cable according to a second embodiment of the invention.
• Figure 3 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a cable according to a third embodiment of the invention.
• FIG. 1 shows a cross-sectional view of an electric cable 1A according to a first embodiment according to the invention.
• Said electric cable 1 comprises an assembly 10 of three insulated electrical conductors, each insulated electrical conductor comprising an electrical conductor 11 surrounded by an electrically insulating layer 12.
• All 10 of these three insulated electrical conductors is surrounded by a protective sheath 20A according to the invention.
• This protective sheath 20A has on its outer surface six longitudinal grooves 21A shaped "V" in the thickness of said protective sheath.
• These six grooves are positioned substantially equidistant from each other, and more particularly at about 60 ° from each other.
• the inner surface of the protective sheath 20A does not have a longitudinal groove.
• This protective groove 20A grooved schematically in Figure 1 is called tubing. It is obtained by a continuous extrusion process, well known to those skilled in the art.
• This protective sheath 20A is preferably a non-transparent and non-translucent sheath. It can be colored.
• Each of the six grooves is completely filled by a longitudinal reflective element 30 obtained for example from one of compositions C1 to C6 as described in Table 1 below.
• the sheath 20A and the six reflecting elements 30 are obtained by extruding at the same time the composition of the protective sheath (ie second composition) and the composition of the reflecting elements (ie first composition).
• FIG. 2 represents a cross-sectional view of an electric cable 1B according to a second embodiment according to the invention.
• Said electric cable 1B comprises an assembly 10 of three insulated electrical conductors, each insulated electrical conductor comprising an electrical conductor 11 surrounded by an electrically insulating layer 12.
• All 10 of these three insulated electrical conductors is surrounded by a protective sheath 20B according to the invention.
• This protective sheath 20B has on its inner surface three longitudinal grooves 21B in the form of "V" in the thickness of said protective sheath.
• These three grooves are positioned substantially equidistant from each other, and more particularly at about 120 ° from each other.
• the outer surface of the protective sheath 20B does not have a longitudinal groove.
• This protective sheath 20B grooved schematically in Figure 2 is called tubing. It is obtained by a continuous extrusion process, well known to those skilled in the art.
• This protective sheath 20B is preferably a transparent or translucent sheath.
• Each of the three grooves is completely filled by a longitudinal reflective element 30 obtained for example from one of compositions C1 to C6 as described in Table 1 below.
• the sheath 20B and the three reflecting elements 30 are obtained by extruding at the same time the composition of the protective sheath.
• composition of the reflective elements i.e. first composition
• composition of the reflective elements i.e. first composition
• Figure 3 shows a cross-sectional view of an electric cable 1AB according to a third embodiment according to the invention.
• Said electric cable 1AB comprises a set of three conductors insulated electrical conductors, each insulated electrical conductor comprising an electrical conductor 11 surrounded by an electrically insulating layer 12.
• All 10 of these three insulated electrical conductors is surrounded by a protective sheath 20AB according to the invention.
• This protective sheath 20AB has on its outer surface six longitudinal grooves 21A shaped "V" in the thickness of said protective sheath. These six grooves are positioned substantially equidistant from each other, and more particularly at about 60 ° from each other.
• This protective sheath 20AB further comprises on its inner surface three longitudinal grooves 21 B shaped "V" in the thickness of said protective sheath. These three grooves are positioned substantially equidistant from each other, and more particularly at about 120 ° from each other.
• This protective sheath 20AB grooved schematically in Figure 3 is called tubing. It is obtained by a continuous extrusion process, well known to those skilled in the art.
• This protective sheath 20AB is preferably a transparent or translucent sheath.
• Each of the grooves 21A and 21B ie nine grooves in total, is completely filled by a longitudinal reflective element 30 obtained for example from one of the compositions C1 to C6 as described in Table 1 below.
• the sheath 20AB and the nine reflecting elements 30 are obtained by extruding at the same time the composition of the protective sheath (i.e. second composition) and the composition of the reflecting elements (i.e. first composition).
• the cables of the invention retain their reflective properties, even in environments subjected to significant mechanical stress, as in mines.
• Table 1 below collates the compounds used to produce first compositions (C1 to C6) according to the invention.
• polymeric material i.e. first polymeric material
• the polymeric material in Table 1 is composed of either a single chlorinated polyethylene (CPE) or a single thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer (TPU).
• CPE chlorinated polyethylene
• TPU thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer
• CPE 1 is a chlorinated polyethylene marketed by the company BETAQUIMICA under the reference 1462 (Tg of CPE 1 equal to -25 ° C.);
• CPE 2 is a chlorinated polyethylene marketed by DOW under the reference TYRIN 3551 (Tg of CPE 2 equal to -25 ° C.);
• TPU is a thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer marketed by BASF under the reference TPU ELASTOLLAN 1185 A10 U (Tg of TPU equal to -42 ° C);
• Reflective filler 1 corresponds to metallic polyester flakes, of dimensions 400 ⁇ m ⁇ 400 ⁇ m ⁇ 30 ⁇ m, marketed by the company MINERAL COLOR under the reference Glitter.
• Reflective Charge 2 corresponds to glass beads with a diameter of 60 ⁇ m, marketed by POTTERS under the reference Glass Microbeads;
• Additive D corresponds to a paste containing aluminum particles (80% by weight of the paste) dispersed in a mineral oil (20% by weight of the paste), said particles being of micrometric dimensions (at least one of their dimensions is 15 ⁇ m), marketed by ECKART under the reference Aluminum Paste STAPA WM Chromium V / 80.
• films of about 2-3 mm thick are manufactured by compression-molding to perform the TABER abrasion test (with TABER 5700 linear abrasimeter) under the following conditions:
• compositions of Table 1 used for the abrasion test are not crosslinked compositions.
• This abrasion test makes it possible to obtain a weight loss in milligram (mg).
• the weight losses caused by the abrasion remain relatively low, which guarantees good optical reflection properties throughout the life of the cable.

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• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Insulated Conductors (AREA)
• General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Optics & Photonics (AREA)

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• 2015
  • 2015-08-21 FR FR1557852A patent/FR3040235B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2016
  • 2016-07-22 US US15/753,383 patent/US20180247735A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2016-07-22 EP EP16757301.3A patent/EP3338286A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2016-07-22 WO PCT/FR2016/051910 patent/WO2017032933A1/fr active Application Filing

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