EP3332041A1 - Procédé de traitement thermique d'un élément en tôle d'acier et dispositif de traitement thermique à cet effet - Google Patents

Procédé de traitement thermique d'un élément en tôle d'acier et dispositif de traitement thermique à cet effet

Info

Publication number
EP3332041A1
EP3332041A1 EP16750160.0A EP16750160A EP3332041A1 EP 3332041 A1 EP3332041 A1 EP 3332041A1 EP 16750160 A EP16750160 A EP 16750160A EP 3332041 A1 EP3332041 A1 EP 3332041A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
temperature
component
heat treatment
sheet steel
steel component
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP16750160.0A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3332041C0 (fr
EP3332041B1 (fr
Inventor
Frank WILDEN
Jörg Winkel
Andreas Reinartz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Schwartz GmbH
Original Assignee
Schwartz GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Schwartz GmbH filed Critical Schwartz GmbH
Publication of EP3332041A1 publication Critical patent/EP3332041A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3332041C0 publication Critical patent/EP3332041C0/fr
Publication of EP3332041B1 publication Critical patent/EP3332041B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/06—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity heated without contact between combustion gases and charge; electrically heated
    • F27B9/062—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity heated without contact between combustion gases and charge; electrically heated electrically heated
    • F27B9/066—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity heated without contact between combustion gases and charge; electrically heated electrically heated heated by lamps
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/34—Methods of heating
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
    • C21D8/04—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips to produce plates or strips for deep-drawing
    • C21D8/0405—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips to produce plates or strips for deep-drawing of ferrous alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/46—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for sheet metals
    • C21D9/48—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for sheet metals deep-drawing sheets
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D11/00—Arrangement of elements for electric heating in or on furnaces
    • F27D11/12—Arrangement of elements for electric heating in or on furnaces with electromagnetic fields acting directly on the material being heated
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2221/00—Treating localised areas of an article
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/12—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity with special arrangements for preheating or cooling the charge
    • F27B2009/122—Preheating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/12—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity with special arrangements for preheating or cooling the charge
    • F27B2009/124—Cooling

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for specific component zone-specific
  • Ratio of strength to weight include in particular A and B pillars, side impact protection in doors, sills, frame parts,
  • Bumper cross member for floor and roof, front and rear
  • the body shell with a safety cage usually consists of a hardened steel sheet with about 1, 500 MPa strength.
  • AlSi-coated, ie coated with aluminum-silicon steel sheets are used.
  • press hardening was developed. The steel sheets are first heated to austenite temperature between 850 ° C and 950 ° C, then placed in a press tool, quickly formed and rapidly through the water-cooled tool to martensite temperature of about 250 ° C.
  • Elongation at break which is disadvantageous in specific areas in the event of a collision of a vehicle.
  • the kinetic energy can not be in
  • Production plant need only minimal space.
  • the shape and edge accuracy of the component should be so high that hard trimming can be largely eliminated in order to save material and labor.
  • a method is known from the German patent DE 10 2007 057 855 B3, in which a molded component in the form of a board separated from a strip material with an AlSi coating separated high-strength boron steel first completely homogeneous heated to such a temperature and over a certain time on this Temperature level is maintained, that forms a diffusion layer as a corrosion or scale protection layer, wherein material from the coating and the base material diffuse with each other.
  • Heating temperature is about 830 ° C to 950 ° C. This homogeneous Heating is carried out in a first zone of a continuous furnace having a plurality of temperature zones. Following this process step, a first type of board in a second zone of the furnace is cooled down to a temperature at which austenite decomposes. This takes place at about 550 ° C to 700 ° C. This lowered temperature level is maintained for a certain time, so that the decomposition of austenite proceeds properly. Simultaneously with the local cooling of the area of the first type of board, the temperature in a third zone of the furnace is kept just high enough in at least one area of the second type that sufficient martensite portions can still be formed in the subsequent hot forming in a corresponding press. This temperature is 830 ° C to 950 ° C. When cooling the area of the first type, this area of the board can be brought into contact with cooling jaws for a short time.
  • Gas burners are heated, which, however, can not regulate the temperatures of the individual zones with the required accuracy in a simple and inexpensive way.
  • EP 2 497 840 A1 discloses a furnace system and a method for the targeted component zone-specific heat treatment of
  • the furnace system has a common, universal
  • the at least one level has an upper and a lower part, and a product-specific intermediate flange introduced into a corresponding receptacle, wherein the product-specific intermediate flange is designed to the component a predetermined temperature profile with
  • Temperature profile is done by means of thermal radiation. Since the method provides to heat the components in the production furnace only to a temperature below the AC3 temperature and to introduce the heat for the heating of defined areas to a temperature above the AC3 temperature in a later process step in the profiling oven is a very accurate temperature control not required in the production oven, so the disadvantage of the worse
  • German Offenlegungsschrift DE 10 2012 102 194 A1 discloses a furnace installation and a method for operating a furnace installation, wherein a radiation heat source is arranged within the furnace installation and a metallic component within the furnace installation can be thermally treated with two temperature ranges which are different from one another. Furthermore, in the furnace system, a stream of air is circulated in a second area, with which a second temperature range is thermally treated due to forced convection.
  • the first region of the metallic component is heated by means of radiant heat to at least AC3 and / or maintained in its temperature to at least AC3 and that the second region is cooled by convection from a temperature of at least AC3 to a temperature below AC3 or that the second region is heated by convection to a temperature below AC3, wherein the resulting different temperature zones are thermally separated from each other by a separator.
  • a separator It is difficult to thermally separate the temperature ranges in the oven from each other.
  • the separator must be adapted to the contour of the metallic component to allow effective temperature separation.
  • the oven is only after a conversion for others Component geometries used, with a furnace conversion by the size of the furnace, in particular the size of a roller hearth furnace, consuming.
  • Heat input have the disadvantage that the energy is not separable only in certain component areas can be introduced, but also adjacent areas are still subjected to heat energy, so that a selective focus
  • the object of the invention is to provide a method for the targeted heat treatment of sheet metal components, with a demarcation with minimized
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a
  • this object is achieved by a method having the features of independent claim 1.
  • Advantageous developments of the method will become apparent from the dependent claims 2 to 9.
  • the object is further achieved by heat treatment apparatus according to claim 10.
  • the steel sheet component in one or more first regions, a temperature below the AC3 temperature and a one or more second region a temperature above the AC3 temperature aufgargbar.
  • the AC3 temperature like the recrystallization temperature, is alloy-dependent. In the materials commonly used for vehicle body components, the AC3 temperature is around 870 ° C, while the recrystallization temperature, at which ferrite-pearlitic structure sets, is around 800 ° C.
  • the method is characterized in that the steel sheet component initially in a
  • Production furnace is preheated, the steel sheet member is then transferred to a thermal treatment station, wherein in the thermal post-treatment station a radiant heat source is spent on the component, with the first region or more first portions of the sheet steel component optionally maintained at a temperature below the AC3 temperature or on are cooled and the second region or the plurality of second regions of the sheet steel component optionally heated or maintained at a temperature above the AC3 temperature.
  • the component can be brought to a temperature below the AC3 temperature or above the AC3 temperature.
  • the one or more first regions of the sheet steel component are maintained at a temperature below the AC3 temperature or further cooled and the one or more second regions of the sheet steel component to a temperature heated above the AC3 temperature, provided that they are placed in the
  • Aftertreatment station have a lower temperature, or maintained at a temperature above the AC3 temperature, if they at the
  • Radiation heat source facing away from the sheet steel component can be provided. It is also conceivable to provide contact cooling also from the bottom of the component, i. the side facing away from the radiant heat source side of the
  • the production furnace does not have to be adapted to the geometry of the steel sheet component to be treated; in particular, no component geometry-dependent separating device has to be provided in the furnace.
  • a standard oven which is used in a
  • Production change does not need to be converted.
  • a standard roller hearth furnace or a batch furnace can be used.
  • Mass production particularly well suited because they can be fed and operated without much effort.
  • the production furnace can be gas-fired or electrically heated. Gas firing is in most cases the most economical way of heating a production furnace.
  • the control of the oven temperature does not raise the quality requirements because the entire sheet steel component is heated to a substantially uniform temperature.
  • the radiant heat source can be brought about via the component.
  • the radiant heat source is pivotable, for example, substantially horizontally pivotable, arranged in the aftertreatment station and pivotable about the component and also swung away again.
  • a handling device for example an industrial robot, and transported further, without the radiant heat source disturbing the movement.
  • the production furnace can
  • a roller hearth furnace for example, be a roller hearth furnace.
  • the aftertreatment station can connect directly to the furnace by the roller conveyor is extended accordingly.
  • One possible effect of this arrangement is, for example, that the component as little as possible cools on the ambient air prevailing here. It is also possible to have several rework stations connected to the oven to minimize cycle time.
  • the production furnace can be heated with gas burners, for example. Also, any other type of heating is conceivable and encompassed by the invention.
  • the radiant heat source is a field with surface emitters, so-called VCSELs (Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser), which emit radiation in the infrared range.
  • VCSELs Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser
  • Such a field consists of a plurality, typically several thousand, very small lasers (microlasers) with diameters in the ⁇ range, which are arranged with a typical distance of about 40 ⁇ between the individual lasers in the field.
  • Such VCSELs provide radiation with very narrow linewidth compared to infrared LEDs and an extremely forward-looking radiation characteristic. This makes it possible to impose different temperatures very edge to edge on a substrate. Furthermore, very high power densities of over 100 W / cm 2 are achieved on the irradiated surface with this microlaser technology.
  • the surface emitters emit radiation in the near infrared range between 780 nm and 3 ⁇ m, for example radiation of 808 nm or 980 nm wavelength.
  • Groups are controlled.
  • the surface emitters can also be controlled individually. Mixed forms are possible, with individual
  • controllable By controlling individual emitters or groups of surface emitters, it is possible to generate different radiation intensities and thus to impose a temperature profile on a substrate.
  • the surface emitters located over the first regions of the device may be driven to radiate at a lower power than the surface emitters located over the second regions of the device. It is also possible, the radiation power one
  • the drive may relate, for example, to the pulse lengths and / or the frequency.
  • the control can also depend on which temperature is to be achieved in the individual areas. In this case, the corresponding temperature, for example the AC3 temperature,
  • Another parameter for the control can be the
  • Thermal conductivity of the substrate which may also be alloy-dependent.
  • the production furnace has a plurality of zones of different temperature, wherein the steel sheet component is heated in a first zone or one of the first zones to a temperature above about 900 ° C, and where it is cooled as far in the following zones in the flow direction in that it has a temperature of less than about 900 ° C, for example about 600 ° C, during the transfer to the aftertreatment station.
  • an AlSi coating can diffuse into the component and the component then cool down to such an extent that a pearlitic-ferritic microstructure is established.
  • the second areas of the component by means of
  • a heat treatment device has a production furnace for preheating a sheet steel component and a thermal
  • Sheet steel component is characterized in that the post-treatment station has a radiant heat source, wherein the radiant heat source comprises a field with surface emitters, of which radiation in the infrared range can be emitted.
  • Heat treatment apparatus may be economically stamped sheet steel components having a plurality of first and / or second areas, which may also be formed complex, a corresponding temperature profile, since it in the
  • Aftertreatment station by the surface emitter used here comes to a severer treatment of the first and second areas of the sheet steel component, as is possible in the production furnace.
  • FIG. 1 shows a heat treatment device according to the invention in a plan view
  • FIG. 2 shows a sheet steel component with first and second regions in a plan view
  • FIG. 3 shows an example of another sheet steel component in plan view after execution of the method according to the invention
  • a sheet steel component 200 is provided by a first handling device 130 on a run-in table 120 of the heat treatment device 100. From the inlet table 120 get steel sheet components 200 in the continuous furnace running production furnace 1 10 and go through it in the arrow direction, with their temperature increases to a temperature, for example, above the AC3 temperature. Seen in the direction of passage behind the production furnace 1 10 is formed as a post-treatment station 150 Auslauftisch 121 to which the heated steel sheet members 200 after passing through the production furnace 1 10 reach.
  • the after-treatment station 150 has a radiant heat source 151 in the form of a surface radiator with an array of surface emitters.
  • the radiant heat source 151 is made pivotable.
  • the situation is shown in which the steel sheet member 200 has already been impressed the temperature profile.
  • the radiant heat source 151 was pivoted over the sheet steel component 200, so that the infrared radiation could strike the sheet steel component.
  • the radiant heat source is now pivoted away from the sheet steel component 200 so that a second handling device 131 can grasp the steel sheet component 200 and transport it further without the radiant heat source 151 disturbing the movement.
  • thermal aftertreatment stations 150 There may also be more thermal aftertreatment stations 150. The number of advantageously be provided thermal
  • Aftertreatment stations 150 depend on the ratio of the cycle times of the production furnace 110 and the thermal aftertreatment station 150, wherein the cycle times depend on the temperatures to be reached and thus depend inter alia on the material being processed and the geometry and material thickness of the sheet steel component 200.
  • FIG. 2 shows a sheet steel component 200 with first regions 210 and second
  • the first regions 210 should have a high ductility in the later finished part. If the sheet-steel component 200 is a vehicle body part, these first regions 210 may, for example, be the areas at which the later finished part is connected to the rest of the vehicle body.
  • the second regions 220 of the sheet steel component 200 should have a high hardness in the later finished part.
  • 3 shows an example of another sheet steel component 200, here a B pillar 200 for vehicles in plan view after execution of the method according to the invention.
  • the B pillar is the connection between the vehicle floor and the vehicle roof in the middle of the passenger compartment.
  • the B-pillar 200 has first regions of high ductility 210 and second regions of high hardness 220.
  • the B-pillar 200 was analyzed by means of
  • Heat treatment device provided with the first regions 210 and second regions 220 shown here, wherein the second regions 220 were additionally annealed.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Strip Materials And Filament Materials (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé et un dispositif d'application d'un profil de température à un élément en tôle d'acier (200), une température inférieure à la température AC3 pouvant être appliquée à l'élément en tôle d'acier (200) dans une ou plusieurs premières régions (210) et une température supérieure à la température AC3 pouvant être appliquée à l'élément en tôle d'acier (200) dans une ou plusieurs deuxièmes régions (220). L'invention est caractérisée en ce que l'élément en tôle d'acier (200) est tout d'abord préchauffé dans un four de production (110), l'élément en tôle d'acier (200) est ensuite transféré à un poste de post-traitement thermique (150), une source de chaleur rayonnante (151) étant amenée au-dessus de l'élément dans le poste de post-traitement thermique (150), à l'aide de laquelle source de chaleur rayonnante la ou les premières régions (210) de l'élément en tôle d'acier (200) peuvent être sélectivement maintenues à une température inférieure à la température AC3 ou refroidies davantage et la ou les deuxièmes régions (220) de l'élément en tôle d'acier (200) peuvent être sélectivement chauffées à une température supérieure à la température AC3 ou maintenues à cette température.
EP16750160.0A 2015-08-07 2016-08-05 Procédé de traitement thermique d'un élément en tôle d'acier et dispositif de traitement thermique à cet effet Active EP3332041B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102015215179.4A DE102015215179A1 (de) 2015-08-07 2015-08-07 Verfahren zur Wärmebehandlung und Wärmebehandlungsvorrichtung
PCT/EP2016/068746 WO2017025460A1 (fr) 2015-08-07 2016-08-05 Procédé de traitement thermique d'un élément en tôle d'acier et dispositif de traitement thermique à cet effet

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3332041A1 true EP3332041A1 (fr) 2018-06-13
EP3332041C0 EP3332041C0 (fr) 2024-04-10
EP3332041B1 EP3332041B1 (fr) 2024-04-10

Family

ID=56618158

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP16750160.0A Active EP3332041B1 (fr) 2015-08-07 2016-08-05 Procédé de traitement thermique d'un élément en tôle d'acier et dispositif de traitement thermique à cet effet

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US20180231311A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP3332041B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN108026603B (fr)
DE (1) DE102015215179A1 (fr)
PL (1) PL3332041T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2017025460A1 (fr)

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DE102022130154A1 (de) * 2022-11-15 2024-05-16 Schwartz Gmbh Thermisches Behandeln eines metallischen Bauteils
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DE102022130153A1 (de) 2022-11-15 2024-05-16 Schwartz Gmbh Thermisches Behandeln eines metallischen Bauteils

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US20180231311A1 (en) 2018-08-16
CN108026603B (zh) 2020-06-09
EP3332041C0 (fr) 2024-04-10
WO2017025460A1 (fr) 2017-02-16
EP3332041B1 (fr) 2024-04-10
CN108026603A (zh) 2018-05-11
DE102015215179A1 (de) 2017-02-09
PL3332041T3 (pl) 2024-08-26

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