WO2011009769A1 - Procédé et dispositif de formage à chaud éconergétique - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif de formage à chaud éconergétique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011009769A1
WO2011009769A1 PCT/EP2010/060052 EP2010060052W WO2011009769A1 WO 2011009769 A1 WO2011009769 A1 WO 2011009769A1 EP 2010060052 W EP2010060052 W EP 2010060052W WO 2011009769 A1 WO2011009769 A1 WO 2011009769A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
furnace
steel
steel part
temperature
hot
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2010/060052
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
WO2011009769A9 (fr
Inventor
Sascha Sikora
Siegfried Lösch
Original Assignee
Thyssenkrupp Steel Europe Ag
Thyssenkrupp Umformtechnik Gmbh
Banik, Janko
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Thyssenkrupp Steel Europe Ag, Thyssenkrupp Umformtechnik Gmbh, Banik, Janko filed Critical Thyssenkrupp Steel Europe Ag
Priority to EP10737825A priority Critical patent/EP2456896A1/fr
Priority to CN2010800331061A priority patent/CN102482725A/zh
Publication of WO2011009769A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011009769A1/fr
Publication of WO2011009769A9 publication Critical patent/WO2011009769A9/fr
Priority to US13/357,138 priority patent/US20120152410A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/62—Quenching devices
    • C21D1/673—Quenching devices for die quenching
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
    • B21D22/20—Deep-drawing
    • B21D22/208—Deep-drawing by heating the blank or deep-drawing associated with heat treatment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
    • B21D22/20—Deep-drawing
    • B21D22/22—Deep-drawing with devices for holding the edge of the blanks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D24/00—Special deep-drawing arrangements in, or in connection with, presses
    • B21D24/005—Multi-stage presses
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
    • B21D37/16—Heating or cooling
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
    • C21D1/25—Hardening, combined with annealing between 300 degrees Celsius and 600 degrees Celsius, i.e. heat refining ("Vergüten")
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/0006—Details, accessories not peculiar to any of the following furnaces
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/0062—Heat-treating apparatus with a cooling or quenching zone
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/46—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for sheet metals
    • C21D9/48—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for sheet metals deep-drawing sheets
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2221/00—Treating localised areas of an article

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for hot working steel parts, in particular blanks or semi-finished steel, in which the steel parts are heated in an oven for at least partial austenitization to a temperature above the Acl temperature and hot-formed in a forming tool.
  • the invention relates to an apparatus for carrying out the method with a furnace for heating the steel parts above the ACl temperature to form an at least partially austenitic structure, a forming tool for hot working of the steel parts and means for transporting the steel parts from the furnace to
  • the semi-finished products can be any suitable material.
  • Hot forming are provided.
  • the semi-finished products can be any suitable material.
  • the steel parts intended for hot forming must first be placed on a
  • Forming then takes place a so-called “press hardening", in which due to the rapid cooling the
  • hot-forming steel parts are preferably coated with an AlSi coating.
  • the press hardening can be followed by another step, in which the formed steel parts of another
  • Heat treatment for example, be subjected to tempering to certain areas or in total the
  • Patent DE 10 2005 033 042 B3 is known, the
  • Residual heat amounts for a significant reduction of
  • the above-indicated object is achieved according to a first teaching of the present invention in that the waste heat of the furnace for more
  • the waste heat of the furnace now for further heat treatment steps on the steel part before and / or after the at least partial
  • Austenitization of the steel part can be used, so that significant energy can be saved.
  • Heating austenitization using the waste heat of the furnace can be reduced because the components in the furnace for at least partial austenitization due to the higher
  • Amounts of heat can be provided by the waste heat of the furnace.
  • the energy efficiency of the method according to the invention can thereby be further increased. According to a first embodiment of the invention
  • Process becomes a continuous furnace, preferably one
  • Roller hearth furnace used for at least partial austenitization of the steel part.
  • Roller hearth furnace offers an easy way of at least partially austenitizing the steel part in one
  • Heat treatments can be used are increased by the fact that the oven for at least partial
  • Austenitizing the steel part at least partially with gas is heated and the waste heat of the combustion gases from the furnace is used.
  • jet kiln can heat the component to the desired temperature above the ACl temperature point or even above the AC3 temperature point in a very short time, so that the cycle times for the at least partial Austemtmaschine of the steel part are relatively short.
  • the waste heat of Verbrenn ⁇ ngsgase can be used in a simple manner in which, for example via heat exchangers, the amount of energy is withdrawn from the gas or the exhaust gas directly for more
  • Austemtmaschine the steel part needed to be reduced while saving energy. This is on the one hand because the already heated steel part requires less energy to be heated to the desired temperature. On the other hand will
  • a metal-coated, preferably an AlSi-coated steel part achieved a relatively high iron content in the AlSi coating, which leads to a roughening of the surface layer, so that the radiant heat in the oven for at least partial Austemtmaschine the steel part clearly can be used more efficiently.
  • the reflection properties of the pre-alloyed metal-coated, preferably AlSi-coated steel part are significantly improved. A further increase in the energy efficiency of the
  • Erflndungsgepurposeen method can be achieved in that the forming tool for hot forming at least partially with the heat of the furnace for at least partially
  • a different Gefuge in the steel part can be partially adjusted so that different component properties can be provided in the formed steel part.
  • another heat treatment takes place, which according to another
  • Embodiment of Erflndungsgeschreiben method advantageous using the Abwarme of the furnace for at least
  • a typical post-forming heat treatment is tempering, such as partial tempering of the formed, tempered steel part, around the
  • the heat treatment steps of the steel part before and / or after the at least partial austenitization of the Stanlteils be performed by forced convection.
  • a forced convection of the heat transfer is significantly increased because the heated steel parts or parts of the tool, for example, with a hot gas jet energized so that is an intense contact between hot
  • the steel parts are heated in the preheating furnace to a temperature of 200 0 C to ACl temperature, preferably at 250 0 C to 700 0 C.
  • Uncoated steel parts are heated in the preheating furnace to a temperature of 200 0 C to ACl temperature, preferably at 250 0 C to 700 0 C.
  • coated components can be pre-alloyed, for example with an AlSi coating in this temperature range with a short residence time, in particular to achieve a shortened heating time in the oven for at least partial Austemtmaschine the steel part.
  • the above-described object for a device is achieved by providing means for using the waste heat of the furnace before and / or after at least partially austemifying the steel part.
  • Means for using the waste heat of the furnace for at least partially Austemtmaschine the steel parts are diverse and can be designed differently. Typically, they include piping and blower devices that are useful for the use and transportation of such hot gases. In addition, heat exchangers may be provided which pass on the heat of the combustion exhaust gases of the furnace to another réelleleitmedium. As a result, the energy efficiency of the erfmdungsgeArchitecten method for hot forming of steel parts by the use of these means significantly improved and also reduces the cycle times for the completion of hot-formed steel parts.
  • Heating a preheating furnace, the forming tool and / or a tempering furnace can be used. This will be the
  • the device according to the invention is a continuous furnace, preferably a
  • Roller hearth furnace intended for at least partial austenitization of the steel parts.
  • a continuous furnace preferably a roller hearth furnace, a simple integration of the heating of the steel part to above the ACl temperature in one
  • Integrate process chain for the production of hot-formed steel parts are as means for heating the preheating furnace, the Ümformwerkmaschines and / or the tempering furnace gas lines and / or blower for supplying the combustion gases of the furnace for at least partial austenitization of
  • heat exchangers can also be used when the combustion gases are not used immediately.
  • erfmdungsgeanden method comprises a furnace 1 for at least partially Austemtmaschine a steel part 2.
  • the steel part 2 in this case a planar board of a
  • hardenable steel is heated in the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 1 to a temperature of at least 850 0 C and held for about 2 to 15 minutes at this temperature in the furnace 1, which is designed as a roller hearth furnace.
  • the board is made of 22MnB5 steel.
  • Combustion gases of the roller hearth furnace 1 are about Media feeds 5, 6, 7 removed for further heat treatments from the roller hearth furnace 1.
  • the forming tool 9 or the tempering furnace 10 are also fans 5a, 6a and 7a
  • the media supply 5 directs the hot combustion gases to a preheating furnace 8, in which the board 2 to a temperature of more than 200 0 C to ACl temperature,
  • the board 2 is preferably heated to a temperature between 250 0 C and 700 0 C.
  • the residence time in the preheating oven is about 3 to 20 minutes, but preferably 5 to 10 minutes.
  • rollers 4 are also shown.
  • the board 2 is heated to a relatively high temperature, as already stated. If the panel 2 is carried out with an AlSi coating, it can be alloyed in the preheating furnace at appropriate temperatures which can be for example between 500 and 700 0 C, and thus receives a roughened surface structure that the heating of the board 2, for example, in the roller hearth furnace 1 facilitated.
  • the preheating of the board 2 in the preheating 8 occurs a significant energy savings, since the high temperatures, which are also required for pre-alloying the coated board, can be provided in a simple manner. Following the austenitization in the
  • Roller hearth furnace 1 the board 2 using a Not shown handling system with the highest possible
  • boards 2 provided with an AlSi coating can be hot-formed, preferably press-hardened.
  • the Thereforezuzenung 7 serves to temper the
  • Steel part 11 martensitic Gefuge is generated by a rapid cooling.
  • the formed steel part 12 may optionally be subjected to another heat treatment in a tempering furnace 10. Even with the tempering furnace 10, the
  • Energy of the exhaust gases of the roller hearth furnace 1 are used to perform the annealing process, for example in partial sections of the coated steel part 12.
  • the transport zwiscnen the individual stations, in particular the preheating furnace 8, the roller hearth furnace 1, the forming tool 9 and the tempering furnace 10 can by not shown
  • Em roller conveyor 4 as it is shown in the present exemplary embodiment, can alternatively be replaced by handling systems.
  • FIG. 1 As a result, with the erfmdungsgeHelpen method or with the device according to the invention, as shown in FIG. 1

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de formage à chaud de pièces en acier, en particulier de platines ou de semi-produits en acier, selon lequel les pièces en acier sont chauffées dans un four pour austénitisation, au moins partielle, à une température supérieure à la température Ac1, et formées à chaud dans un outil de formage. L'invention a pour but de créer d'un procédé de formage à chaud de pièces en acier, permettant une mise en oeuvre à haut rendement énergétique, du formage à chaud et, en même temps, réduisant les temps de cycle pour la production d'un composant formé à chaud. A cet effet, l'invention est caractérisée en ce que la chaleur perdue du four est utilisée pour d'autres étapes de traitement thermique de la pièce en acier avant et/ou après l'austénitisation, au moins partielle, de la pièce en acier.
PCT/EP2010/060052 2009-07-24 2010-07-13 Procédé et dispositif de formage à chaud éconergétique WO2011009769A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP10737825A EP2456896A1 (fr) 2009-07-24 2010-07-13 Procédé et dispositif de formage à chaud éconergétique
CN2010800331061A CN102482725A (zh) 2009-07-24 2010-07-13 用于进行能量高效的热成型处理的方法和装置
US13/357,138 US20120152410A1 (en) 2009-07-24 2012-01-24 Method And Device for Energy-Efficient Hot Forming

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102009026251.2 2009-07-24
DE102009026251A DE102009026251A1 (de) 2009-07-24 2009-07-24 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum energieeffizienten Warmumformen

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US13/357,138 Continuation US20120152410A1 (en) 2009-07-24 2012-01-24 Method And Device for Energy-Efficient Hot Forming

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2011009769A1 true WO2011009769A1 (fr) 2011-01-27
WO2011009769A9 WO2011009769A9 (fr) 2011-06-16

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Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US20120152410A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2456896A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN102482725A (fr)
DE (1) DE102009026251A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2011009769A1 (fr)

Cited By (7)

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EP2233593A3 (fr) * 2009-03-27 2011-04-06 ThyssenKrupp Umformtechnik GmbH Procédé et station de déformage à chaud pour la fabrication de composants de formage en tôle d'acier durcis par presse
WO2012159733A1 (fr) * 2011-05-26 2012-11-29 Thyssenkrupp System Engineering Gmbh Dispositif et procédé de recuit de plaques de métal
WO2014079700A2 (fr) * 2012-11-20 2014-05-30 Thyssenkrupp System Engineering Gmbh Système pour la mise à température de pièces
DE102013105488A1 (de) * 2013-05-28 2014-12-04 Thyssenkrupp Steel Europe Ag Transportvorrichtung für heiße, dünnwandige Stahlteile
WO2015011002A1 (fr) * 2013-07-22 2015-01-29 Thyssenkrupp Steel Europe Ag Dispositif de traitement thermique de produits semi-finis en acier pourvus d'un revêtement
WO2019192894A1 (fr) * 2018-04-05 2019-10-10 Eisenmann Se Structure support, ensemble four, installation de traitement et procédé de traitement de pièces
EP3763455A1 (fr) * 2017-08-02 2021-01-13 Autotech Engineering S.L. Procédés de formage par presse d'aciers revêtus et utilisations d'aciers

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WO2014063807A1 (fr) * 2012-10-23 2014-05-01 Tata Steel Uk Limited Agencement et procédé pour le chauffage et le travail d'un matériau en feuille
DE102012221120B4 (de) * 2012-11-19 2017-01-26 Kirchhoff Automotive Deutschland Gmbh Rollenherdofen und Verfahren zur Wärmebehandlung von metallischen Blechen
DE102013008853A1 (de) * 2013-05-23 2014-11-27 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Anlage und Verfahren zum Warmumformen von Platinen
EP4252930A3 (fr) * 2013-10-21 2023-12-20 Magna International Inc Procédé d'ébavurage d'une pièce formée à chaud
DE102013222243A1 (de) * 2013-10-31 2015-04-30 Magna International Inc. Anlage zum Warmumformen von Bauteilen und Verfahren dazu
DE102014101159B4 (de) * 2014-01-30 2016-12-01 Thyssenkrupp Steel Europe Ag Verfahren zur Oberflächenbehandlung von Werkstücken
DE102014002258A1 (de) * 2014-02-20 2015-09-03 Thyssenkrupp Ag System und Verfahren zum Temperieren von Werkstücken und Warenträger für ein System zurn Temperieren von Werkstücken
DE102014112448B4 (de) 2014-06-13 2016-11-24 Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh Herstellverfahren für Al-Si-beschichtete Stahlblechteile und Al-Si-beschichtetes Stahlblechband
CN104534868B (zh) * 2014-10-31 2016-04-13 武汉钢铁(集团)公司 热冲压成型板料加热炉
DE102015001408A1 (de) * 2015-02-06 2016-08-11 Eisenmann Se Anlage zum Formhärten von Werkstücken
EP3067129A1 (fr) * 2015-03-09 2016-09-14 Autotech Engineering, A.I.E. Systèmes et procédés de presse
DE102016100648B4 (de) 2015-12-23 2018-04-12 Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh Wärmebehandlungsofen sowie Verfahren zur Wärmebehandlung einer vorbeschichteten Stahlblechplatine und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Kraftfahrzeugbauteils
CN106191666B (zh) * 2016-07-06 2018-01-02 马钢(集团)控股有限公司 一种低成本精节生产的轨道交通用贝氏体钢车轮及其制造方法
US11305326B2 (en) * 2016-07-08 2022-04-19 Quintus Technologies Ab Process and system for pressure forming of a workpiece
DE102016219579A1 (de) 2016-10-10 2018-04-12 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zur Wärmebehandlung und Einrichtung zur Wärmebehandlung
DE102016219761A1 (de) * 2016-10-11 2018-04-12 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Warmumformteils
US11740023B2 (en) 2016-12-22 2023-08-29 Autotech Engineering, S.L. Method for heating a blank and heating system
CN109468451B (zh) * 2018-12-12 2020-09-15 中钢集团邢台机械轧辊有限公司 一种55NiCrMoV7辊道辊的热处理方法
DE102019215053A1 (de) * 2019-09-30 2021-04-01 Thyssenkrupp Steel Europe Ag Verfahren zur Herstellung eines zumindest teilweise vergüteten Stahlblechbauteils und zumindest teilweise vergütetes Stahlblechbauteil

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US4022570A (en) 1976-05-05 1977-05-10 Caterpillar Tractor Co. Warm form cooling and heat recovery tunnel
WO2005078144A1 (fr) * 2004-02-13 2005-08-25 Audi Ag Procede de production d'un element constitutif par deformation d'une platine et dispositif approprie pour mettre ledit procede en oeuvre
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Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2233593A3 (fr) * 2009-03-27 2011-04-06 ThyssenKrupp Umformtechnik GmbH Procédé et station de déformage à chaud pour la fabrication de composants de formage en tôle d'acier durcis par presse
WO2012159733A1 (fr) * 2011-05-26 2012-11-29 Thyssenkrupp System Engineering Gmbh Dispositif et procédé de recuit de plaques de métal
WO2014079700A2 (fr) * 2012-11-20 2014-05-30 Thyssenkrupp System Engineering Gmbh Système pour la mise à température de pièces
WO2014079700A3 (fr) * 2012-11-20 2014-07-17 Thyssenkrupp System Engineering Gmbh Système pour la mise à température de pièces
DE102013105488A1 (de) * 2013-05-28 2014-12-04 Thyssenkrupp Steel Europe Ag Transportvorrichtung für heiße, dünnwandige Stahlteile
WO2015011002A1 (fr) * 2013-07-22 2015-01-29 Thyssenkrupp Steel Europe Ag Dispositif de traitement thermique de produits semi-finis en acier pourvus d'un revêtement
US10041733B2 (en) 2013-07-22 2018-08-07 Thyssenkrupp Steel Europe Ag Apparatus for the heat treatment of coated semi-finished steel products
EP3763455A1 (fr) * 2017-08-02 2021-01-13 Autotech Engineering S.L. Procédés de formage par presse d'aciers revêtus et utilisations d'aciers
WO2019192894A1 (fr) * 2018-04-05 2019-10-10 Eisenmann Se Structure support, ensemble four, installation de traitement et procédé de traitement de pièces

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EP2456896A1 (fr) 2012-05-30
CN102482725A (zh) 2012-05-30
WO2011009769A9 (fr) 2011-06-16
DE102009026251A1 (de) 2011-02-03
US20120152410A1 (en) 2012-06-21

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