EP3329473A1 - Einrichtung und verfahren zur untersuchung von wertdokumenten und / oder des transports von wertdokumenten mittels ultraschall - Google Patents
Einrichtung und verfahren zur untersuchung von wertdokumenten und / oder des transports von wertdokumenten mittels ultraschallInfo
- Publication number
- EP3329473A1 EP3329473A1 EP16745416.4A EP16745416A EP3329473A1 EP 3329473 A1 EP3329473 A1 EP 3329473A1 EP 16745416 A EP16745416 A EP 16745416A EP 3329473 A1 EP3329473 A1 EP 3329473A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- ultrasound
- ultrasonic
- receiver
- transmitter
- signals
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07D—HANDLING OF COINS OR VALUABLE PAPERS, e.g. TESTING, SORTING BY DENOMINATIONS, COUNTING, DISPENSING, CHANGING OR DEPOSITING
- G07D7/00—Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency
- G07D7/06—Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency using wave or particle radiation
- G07D7/08—Acoustic waves
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07D—HANDLING OF COINS OR VALUABLE PAPERS, e.g. TESTING, SORTING BY DENOMINATIONS, COUNTING, DISPENSING, CHANGING OR DEPOSITING
- G07D11/00—Devices accepting coins; Devices accepting, dispensing, sorting or counting valuable papers
- G07D11/10—Mechanical details
- G07D11/16—Handling of valuable papers
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07D—HANDLING OF COINS OR VALUABLE PAPERS, e.g. TESTING, SORTING BY DENOMINATIONS, COUNTING, DISPENSING, CHANGING OR DEPOSITING
- G07D11/00—Devices accepting coins; Devices accepting, dispensing, sorting or counting valuable papers
- G07D11/50—Sorting or counting valuable papers
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07D—HANDLING OF COINS OR VALUABLE PAPERS, e.g. TESTING, SORTING BY DENOMINATIONS, COUNTING, DISPENSING, CHANGING OR DEPOSITING
- G07D7/00—Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency
- G07D7/16—Testing the dimensions
- G07D7/162—Length or width
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07D—HANDLING OF COINS OR VALUABLE PAPERS, e.g. TESTING, SORTING BY DENOMINATIONS, COUNTING, DISPENSING, CHANGING OR DEPOSITING
- G07D7/00—Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency
- G07D7/16—Testing the dimensions
- G07D7/164—Thickness
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07D—HANDLING OF COINS OR VALUABLE PAPERS, e.g. TESTING, SORTING BY DENOMINATIONS, COUNTING, DISPENSING, CHANGING OR DEPOSITING
- G07D7/00—Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency
- G07D7/181—Testing mechanical properties or condition, e.g. wear or tear
- G07D7/183—Detecting folds or doubles
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07D—HANDLING OF COINS OR VALUABLE PAPERS, e.g. TESTING, SORTING BY DENOMINATIONS, COUNTING, DISPENSING, CHANGING OR DEPOSITING
- G07D7/00—Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency
- G07D7/20—Testing patterns thereon
- G07D7/2075—Setting acceptance levels or parameters
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a device and a method for the investigation of value documents and / or the transport of value documents by means of ultrasound.
- value documents are understood card or preferably sheet-shaped objects that represent, for example, a monetary value o- an authorization and therefore should not be arbitrarily produced by unauthorized persons. They therefore have features which are not easy to manufacture, in particular to be copied, whose presence is an indication of the authenticity, i. the manufacture by an authorized agency.
- Important examples of such value documents are chip cards, coupons, vouchers, checks and in particular banknotes.
- Such value documents are often processed by machine, for which they are usually first separated from a stack and then isolated, ie individually, transported along a transport path.
- ultrasound can be used, for example.
- the examination of the transport is understood as determining whether value documents are transported individually and not overlapping and / or how they are aligned during transport relative to their transport direction and / or if or at what times they have a predetermined location of the transport path with a leading edge in the transport direction or in transport direction rear edge.
- Ultrasonic sensors which comprise one or more piezoelectric ultrasonic transducers are used for the examination in the prior art.
- the ultrasonic transducers use for generating Ultrasound a piezoelectric element, which is excited by a transmission signal in the form of an alternating electrical voltage to mechanical vibrations.
- a voltage which occurs when pressure is exerted on the piezoelectric element is detected and evaluated.
- the present invention is therefore based on the object of specifying a device for the examination of value documents and / or the transport of value documents by means of ultrasound, which is easy to produce and / or allows a good examination of value documents. Furthermore, a method for the examination of documents of value and / or the transport of documents of value by means of ultrasound shall be specified, which permits a good examination of documents of value.
- the object is achieved by a device having the features of claim 1 and in particular a device for examining documents of value and / or the transport of documents of value, which are transported along a predetermined transport path in a predetermined transport direction, by means of ultrasound transversely in one direction ultrasound transmitters arranged offset to the transport direction for emitting ultrasound onto the transport path toward transmission signals and ultrasound receivers arranged offset transversely to the transport direction in a direction for receiving ultrasound, which is detected by means of the ultrasound transmitter. is generated, and for the delivery of received signals or offset in a direction transverse to the transport direction ultrasonic transmitter / receivers for delivering ultrasound on the transport path to transmit signals and to receive the ultrasound after interaction with at least one of the value documents and delivery of received signals.
- the ultrasound transmitters and / or ultrasound receivers each have at least one capacitive, micromechanical ultrasound transducer or the ultrasound transmitters / receivers each have at least one capacitive micromechanical ultrasound transducer.
- a Verfaliren with the features of claim 19 and in particular a method for examining documents of value and / or the transport of documents of value by means of ultrasound, in which by means of at least one ultrasonic transmitter to transmit signals through ultrasound to a transported along a transport path value document emitted and then emanating from the document of value emitted by at least one ultrasonic receiver and receive signals are formed, or ultrasound emitted by at least one ultrasonic transmitter / receiver to transmit signals on a transported along a transport path value document and then emanating from the document of value ultrasound means the at least one ultrasonic transmitter / receiver is received and receive signals are formed, wherein the at least one ultrasonic transmitter and / or the at least one ultrasonic receiver or the w at least one ultrasonic transmitter / receiver at least one capacitive, micromechanical ultrasonic transducer have.
- the inventive method can be carried out in particular by means of a device according to the invention, wherein in the method as an ultrasound transmitter or ultrasound receiver or ultrasound transmitter / receiver the
- capacitive, micromechanical ultrasonic transducers are ultrasonic transducers which have two, preferably planar, electrodes which form a capacitor.
- a first one of the electrodes is formed on a substrate, for example, as a conductive layer region, or, when the substrate is conductive, may be formed by a region of the substrate; the other electrode is, for example, as a conductive layer region, on one of the first
- the membrane or plate is designed such that upon application of a suitable electrical voltage between the electrodes a force between membrane or plate and substrate is exerted, the movement of at least a portion of the membrane or plate, such as a change in shape result Has. If a suitable time-varying voltage is applied between the electrodes, through which the electrodes attract or repel, sound waves can be excited by the movement of at least part of the membrane caused thereby.
- Such structures are preferably produced by methods for producing micromechanical structures.
- the facility has an alternative ultrasound transmitter and receiver.
- the ultrasonic transmitters and / or the ultrasonic receivers each have at least one ultrasonic transducer, preferably a capacitive micromechanical ultrasonic transducer.
- the ultrasound transmitter transmits to transmission signals or to the control by transmission signals, ie, in response to transmitted signals supplied to it, ultrasound in Direction of the transport path, the ultrasonic receiver receives ultrasound, which was generated by means of the ultrasonic transmitter or, optionally after interaction with a document of value, ie reflection at o- and transmission through the document of value, and generates corresponding received signals.
- the ultrasound is sent to a control by transmission signals by means of the at least one capacitive, micromechanical ultrasound transducer of the respective ultrasound transmitter or the ultrasound is received by means of the at least one capacitive, Micromechanical ultrasonic transducer of the respective ultrasonic receiver.
- the device has ultrasound transmitters / receivers, that is to say elements which serve both as ultrasound transmitters and as ultrasound receivers. These can each have at least one capacitive, micromechanical ultrasonic transducer. This can first emit an ultrasonic pulse as an ultrasonic transmitter in response to a corresponding transmission signal, in order then to be used as a receiver after delivery of the ultrasonic pulse, which receives the reflected from the document of value, ie reflected ultrasonic pulse and forms at least one corresponding received signal and emits.
- This embodiment in particular is made possible by the fact that capacitive, micromechanical ultrasonic transducers, preferably by corresponding control with signals, in particular control signals, can deliver pulses of a very short duration, that is to say they do not resonate for a long time.
- This embodiment is characterized in particular by a compact design and is thus particularly suitable for use in smaller value-document processing devices.
- the ultrasound receivers or the ultrasound transmitters / receivers in their function as receivers receive ultrasound in a frequency range in which the ultrasound transmitters or ultrasound transmitters emit ultrasound as transmitters, and form reception signals which are at least one property of the received ultrasound, for example the intensity or amplitude or frequency.
- the ultrasound transmitters and ultrasound receivers may preferably be arranged and configured so that in each case one of the ultrasound transmitters and at least one of the ultrasound receivers has an ultrasound path.
- the ultrasound emitted by the respective ultrasound transmitter essentially propagates, ie, except for scattering or diffraction losses, to the ultrasound receiver.
- An ultrasound transmitter and an ultrasound receiver, which have an ultrasound path, are referred to below as being associated with one another. This alignment or assignment can in particular enable the detection of spatially resolved properties, as will become clear below.
- Ultrasonic transmitters and ultrasonic receivers of an ultrasound track may, for one thing, preferably be arranged on opposite sides of the transport path. Value documents are then transported between the ultrasound transmitters and the ultrasound receivers.
- an ultrasonic transmitter and an ultrasonic receiver form an ultrasound path
- the ultrasonic transmitter emits ultrasound substantially in the direction of the ultrasonic receiver and the ultrasonic receiver receives ultrasound from the ultrasonic transmitter; ie under the ultrasound path the path is understood along which the ultrasound propagates from the ultrasound transmitter to the ultrasound receiver substantially. In particular, this may be the straight line between the ultrasonic transmitter and the ultrasonic receiver.
- both the ultrasound transmitter and also the ultrasound receiver, which form an ultrasound path contain at least one capacitive micromechanical ultrasound transducer.
- the ultrasound transmitters and ultrasound receivers are arranged and configured such that one of the ultrasound transmitters and at least one ultrasound receiver is arranged on the same side of the transport path, so that ultrasound emitted by a respective ultrasound transmitter does not intervene until it has interacted is received with one of the value documents in the transport path of one of the ultrasonic receiver and form the ultrasonic transmitter and the ultrasonic receiver so an ultrasonic path.
- ultrasound distance is understood to mean the path along which the ultrasound transmitted by the ultrasound transmitter propagates substantially as far as the value document and, after reflection, at the ultrasound receiver.
- both the ultrasound transmitter and also the ultrasound receiver, which form an ultrasound path then contain at least one capacitive micromechanical ultrasound transducer.
- the ultrasound path preferably extends from the respective ultrasound transmitter / receiver to the value document and back.
- the device may further comprise a control and evaluation device, which with the ultrasonic transmitters and ultrasonic receivers is connected via signal connections, and forms transmission signals for emitting ultrasound through at least one of the ultrasound transmitters and emits them, and receives and processes reception signals of at least one of the ultrasound receivers.
- the device contains ultrasound transceivers, it can have a control and evaluation device which is connected to the ultrasound transmitters / receivers via signal connections and forms transmission signals for emitting ultrasound through at least one of the ultrasound transceivers and emits them to the ultrasound transmitter / receiver and receive and process received signals of the at least one of the ultrasound transceivers; in particular, the same signal connection can be used for transmission signals and reception signals. This makes it easier to perform an investigation with spatial resolution.
- the control and evaluation device can be used in the method, if in this the inventive device is used / in particular for the generation and dispensing of the transmission signals and for receiving and processing of the received signals.
- the control and evaluation device serves to form and deliver the transmission signals and to receive and process the reception signals.
- it may preferably include, inter alia, at least one microcontroller and / or at least one processor and / or at least one FPGA; these are then preferably programmed accordingly.
- the ultrasound transmitters or ultrasound receivers are formed on a circuit carrier, for example a printed circuit board, at least some of the elements of the control and evaluation device can also be arranged thereon.
- the transmission signals can be formed by the control and evaluation device in such a way that the ultrasonic transmitters point to the transmission signals or continuously deliver ultrasound in response to the transmit signals.
- the at least one capacitive micromechanical ultrasound transducer of at least some of the ultrasound transmitters or ultrasound transmitters and receivers and the control and evaluation device are designed so that the at least one capacitive micromechanical ultrasound transducer of the respective ultrasound transmitter or the Ultrasonic transmitter / receiver depending on transmission signals of the control and evaluation device or in response to transmission signals of the control and evaluation emits ultrasonic pulses predetermined frequency and duration, which are preferably shorter than 100 milliseconds.
- the at least one capacitive micromechanical ultrasound transducer of at least some of the ultrasound transmitters or ultrasound transmitters / receivers is designed and emitted and emitted such that the at least one capacitive micromechanical ultrasound transducer of the respective ultrasound transmitter or the Ultrasonic transmitter / receiver in response to the transmission signals or in response to the transmit signals ultrasound pulses predetermined frequency and duration outputs, which are preferably shorter than 100 milliseconds.
- the transmission signals can be formed and output by a control and evaluation device.
- all capacitive micromechanical ultrasonic transducers and the control and evaluation device for emitting pulses of ultrasound predetermined frequency and duration, which are preferably shorter than 100 milliseconds, may be formed.
- the frequency is in the range of 20 kHz to 1 GHz, more preferably in the range between 40 kHz and 1 MHz.
- the pulse duration is preferably understood to mean the width at half the maximum of the sound intensity as a function of time (FWHM), whereby a respective period corresponding to the frequency is averaged.
- FWHM function of time
- the use of ultrasound pulses, that is to say pulses of ultrasound, which preferably has the predetermined frequency, has the advantage that a spatial resolution of the examination is made possible when the value document is examined during the transport past the device or through it with the ultrasound becomes. A comparatively high
- the at least one capacitive micromechanical ultrasound transducer of at least some of the ultrasound receivers or ultrasound transmitters / receivers is in each case designed such that it receives ultrasound pulses of predetermined frequency and duration, which are preferably shorter than 100 milliseconds, and forms corresponding received signals, and that the control and evaluation device is adapted to receive and process the received signals.
- the at least one capacitive micromechanical ultrasonic transducer of at least some of the ultrasound receivers or ultrasound transmitters / receivers is in each case designed such that it receives ultrasound pulses of predetermined frequency and duration, which are preferably shorter than 100 milliseconds, and corresponding Receive signals forms, and, preferably by means of the control and evaluation of the device according to the invention, the received signals received and processed become.
- these ultrasonic transmitters and ultrasonic receivers each form an ultrasonic path.
- the control and evaluation device can in particular be designed so that it filters the received signals with respect to the frequency, so that the capacitive micromechanical ultrasound transducers need not be used for ultrasound at a frequency close to a possible mechanical resonance frequency.
- the frequency is given by the frequency of the transmission signals for the associated ultrasound transmitter or the ultrasound emitted by the associated ultrasound transmitter.
- the filtering may be to attenuate or suppress signal portions having frequencies outside a predetermined narrow band within which the frequency of the transmitted ultrasound is.
- the capacitive, micromechanical ultrasonic transducers can be formed individually and held in or on the device.
- at least one of the ultrasonic transmitters has at least two capacitive, micromechanical ultrasonic transducers and / or at least two of the ultrasonic transmitters each have at least one capacitive, micromechanical ultrasonic transducer
- these capacitive, micromechanical ultrasonic transducers are arranged on a chip and respectively electrodes
- at least one of the ultrasonic receivers has at least two capacitive, micromechanical ultrasonic transducers and / or at least two of the ultrasonic receivers each have at least one capacitive micromechanical ultrasonic transducer
- these capacitive, micromechanical ultrasonic transducers are arranged on a chip, each having electrodes which are contacted with conductor tracks on the respective chip or at least one of the ultrasonic transmitter / receivers at least two capacitive, micromechanical ultrasonic transducers and / or at least two of the ultras
- this embodiment offers the advantage that the ultrasonic transducers can be easily manufactured with small distances from each other.
- capacitive micromechanical ultrasonic transducers have a distance between 100 ⁇ and 10 mm in the transport direction and / or a distance between 100 ⁇ and 10 mm transverse to the transport direction, as far as the capacitive, micromechanical ultrasonic transducers in the respective Designate adjacent capacitive, micromechanical ultrasonic transducer.
- This makes it possible to measure ultrasonic properties along tracks on the value document parallel to the transport direction, which are very closely adjacent, and thus to obtain these ultrasonic properties with a high spatial resolution transverse to the transport direction of the value document.
- gaps extending in the transport direction as in the case of piezoelectric ones, can generally be spaced further apart from one another Ultrasonic transducers are formed, kept small in the detection of ultrasonic properties or avoided altogether.
- the arrangement or design on a chip further offers the advantage that the ultrasonic transducers can be easily manufactured with predetermined shapes and a wide range of expansions.
- the term extension is understood to be the length of the longest straight path which runs in the predetermined direction and is delimited by edge sections of the respective ultrasound sensor.
- the device can also have at least two chips with capacitive, micromechanical ultrasonic transducers, wherein preferably the capacitive, micromechanical ultrasonic transducers of an ultrasonic transmitter or ultrasonic receiver or ultrasonic transmitter / receiver are arranged or formed on only one of the chips.
- the control and evaluation Device is designed to transmit to at least two different, preferably adjacent, the ultrasonic transmitter or ultrasonic transmitter / receiver transmit signals, preferably simultaneously, so that they deliver ultrasound with different frequency or pulses of ultrasound with under defenceli- rather frequency, and receive signals of the respective ultrasonic transmitter to receive and process an ultrasound path forming ultrasonic receiver or the ultrasound transmitter / receiver, preferably according to the frequency of the ultrasound emitted by the respective ultrasound transmitter, ie, depending on the position of the ultrasound receiver or the relative position of the ultrasound receiver to each other or the relative position to filter the ultrasonic transmitter to each other.
- transmit signals are emitted to at least two different, preferably adjacent, ultrasound transmitters or ultrasound transmitters, so that they deliver ultrasound with different frequencies or pulses of ultrasound at different frequencies, and receive signals from the ultrasound transmitter an ultrasonic receiver forming the ultrasound receiver or the ultrasound transmitter / receiver or receiving and processing ultrasound generated upon reception by the ultrasound transmitter, preferably correspondingly, ie i depending on the position of the ultrasound receiver or the relative position of the ultrasound receiver relative to one another or the relative position of the ultrasound transmitter be filtered each other.
- the frequency of the ultrasound may be a function of the position of the ultrasound path along which the ultrasound propagates.
- the ultrasound transmitters may particularly preferably be immediately adjacent.
- the capacitive micromechanical ultrasonic transducers can preferably be designed so that they are each designed to emit ultrasonic pulses of the ultrasound frequency corresponding to their position.
- the filtering of the received signals of one of the ultrasonic receivers may preferably be at the frequency at which the associated ultrasound transmitter has delivered ultrasound.
- This embodiment has the advantage that ultrasound transmitted on an ultrasound link can not be received by the receiver of an adjacent ultrasound link or can only be received weakly and / or the corresponding interference signals can be filtered out. In this way, the local resolution can be increased, since the distance between adjacent ultrasonic transmitters or ultrasonic receivers, which is otherwise required by the risk of interference by measurements along adjacent ultrasonic distances or crosstalk, can be made smaller. Depending on the
- At least one sequence of ultrasound pulses may be generated, in the successive ultrasound pulses a different predetermined ultrasound frequency exhibit.
- control and evaluation device may preferably be configured to emit transmit signals to at least one of the ultrasound transmitters or the ultrasound transmitter / receiver, ie to control at least one of the ultrasound transmitters or the ultrasound transmitter / receiver with transmit signals in that it emits a series of ultrasound pulses, of which at least two successive ones have a predetermined different frequency and receive signals of the respective ultrasound receiver or the ultrasound transmitter / receiver to receive and process respective ultrasound transmitters, preferably to filter according to the frequencies or the sequence of the frequencies of the emitted pulses.
- At least one of the ultrasound transmitters so transmission signals are emitted, ie at least one of the ultrasound transmitters is driven with transmit signals that this emits a series of ultrasonic pulses, of which at least two consecutive have a predetermined different frequency and receive signals of the Respective ultrasonic transmitter associated ultrasonic receiver or the ultrasonic transmitter / receiver are received and processed, preferably filtered according to the frequency sequence of the emitted pulses.
- the ultrasonic pulses of the sequence thus each have an ultrasonic frequency in accordance with a predetermined frequency sequence.
- the ultrasound transmitters and / or ultrasound receivers or ultrasound transmitters / receivers each need only have one capacitive micromechanical ultrasound transducer.
- at least one of the ultrasound transmitters and / or ultrasound receivers or ultrasound transmitters / receivers can have at least two capacitive micromechanical ultrasound transducers in the device or the method according to the invention. These can be the same design at least in their properties.
- transmission signals are emitted to these capacitive, micromechanical ultrasonic transducers in such a way that they emit ultrasound at the same frequency, or the received signals are evaluated for a predetermined, same frequency.
- the capacitive, micromechanical ultrasonic transducers of the at least one ultrasonic transmitter or ultrasound receiver or ultrasound transmitter / receiver for example, so connected to the control and evaluation and the control and evaluation be designed so that it to the ul Trasound transducer emits transmit signals so that they deliver ultrasound with the same frequency, or that this process the received signals for the same frequency or evaluates, for example, filters and processes.
- the ultrasonic transducers may be connected in parallel; their respective electrodes of the ultrasonic transducers are then connected to the same terminals of the control and evaluation.
- the transmission signals differ, until perhaps their size, then not necessarily from those for ultrasound transmitters or ultrasound transmitters / receivers with only one capacitive micromechanical ultrasound transducer. This may be advantageous, in particular, when capacitive micromechanical ultrasonic transducers are intended to emit ultrasound at a frequency or intensity or into a solid angle or to receive it at a frequency or intensity or from a solid angle for which the shape and vibration characteristics of the ultrasound transducers are not very favorable.
- the at least two ultrasonic transducers can be individually connected to the control and evaluation and designed so that the control and evaluation device to these Ul- Traschallwandler each emit transmission signals individually.
- the control and evaluation device is then designed such that it individually emits such transmit signals to these capacitive, micromechanical ultrasonic transducers that they emit ultrasound at the same predetermined frequency, ie they emit ultrasound at the same frequency in response to the transmission signals, or in that they process or evaluate received signals of the at least two capacitive micromechanical ultrasonic transducers which receive ultrasound of the same frequency jointly for the same frequency.
- the transmission signals can then be formed so that the at least two ultrasonic transducers deliver the ultrasound substantially in phase or with the same phase.
- control and evaluation device can be designed in such a way that it emits to the capacitive micromechanical ultrasonic transducers, which at least partially form an ultrasound transmitter, such transmission signals that they emit ultrasound at the same frequency and different phase, preferably so that the emitted ultrasound of the two transducers is focused or its direction changed.
- transmission signals are emitted that they emit ultrasound at the same frequency and different phase, preferably so that the emitted ultrasound of the two transducers is bundled or its direction is changed.
- control and evaluation device can be further configured so that the phases are time-dependent. gig that the main transmitter direction of the resulting ultrasound is pivoted in a predetermined manner.
- the device according to the invention and the method according to the invention can be used in particular in devices for processing value documents.
- the present invention therefore also relates to a device for processing value documents with a feed device for receiving value documents to be processed, an output device for dispensing or receiving the processed value documents, a transport device for transporting the value documents from the feed device along a transport path to the output device, and at least one device according to the invention arranged in the region of a section of the transport path for examining the value documents and / or the transport of the value documents which are transported along the transport path.
- the device and the method it may be sufficient as processing of the received signals to determine only ultrasonic transmittance or remission values as a function of a location, preferably for at least one predetermined frequency, on a value document.
- the control and evaluation device can also be designed to determine from the received signals at least one value which represents the weight per unit area and / or the thickness of the value document.
- at least one value can be determined from the received signals, preferably by means of an evaluation device or the control and evaluation device, which represents the weight per unit area and / or the thickness of the value document.
- the control and evaluation to it be formed to determine from the received signals values representing the basis weight or the thickness depending on the location on the document of value.
- values can be determined from the received signals, preferably by means of an evaluation device or the control and evaluation device, which represent the basis weight or the thickness as a function of the location. In this way, for example, the presence of watermarks and, where appropriate, its properties and / or the presence of an adhesive strip on a document of value can be examined. This makes it possible to determine properties of the value document that play a role in its authenticity or state.
- the processing of the received signals may comprise the further step of determining whether a value document for the received signal has been received, transported as a single value document, or at least partially overlapping with another value document, and if at least partially overlapping value documents are determined to give a signal representing a result of the determination.
- the feed device can preferably have a separator, by means of which value documents can be singled out of a stack of value documents in an input region and fed to the transport device.
- control and evaluation device can then be designed, for example, to determine when processing the received signals whether a value document for the received signal has been received, transported as a single value document, or at least partially overlapped with another value document, and upon detection At least partially overlapping value documents to give a signal representing a result of the determination.
- the transport of a value document may be close to immediately after the singling, to examine whether a single document of value is being transported.
- the ultrasound transducers of the device according to the invention are then preferably arranged in the region of the transport path near or at the separator. The device according to the invention is particularly suitable for this, since it requires only little space.
- the event that value documents overlap at least partially after separation and are thus fed to the transport device is often referred to as a double deduction or multiple deduction.
- the transport of the value documents can be examined as to whether or when a predetermined edge, for example the leading edge of a value document in the transport direction, passes a predetermined location and / or if or how the value document is aligned with a predetermined one of its edges relative to the transport direction.
- control and evaluation device may preferably be designed to recognize when processing the received signals using the received signals, if and / or when at least one predetermined edge, preferably the front in the transport direction and / or the rear edge in the direction of transport, a value document passes a given location on the transport path, and / or to detect its position and then preferably a corresponding signal, in particular the time or event representing signal to deliver.
- the receiving signals are then preferably used to recognize whether and / or when at least one predetermined edge, preferably the front edge in the transport direction and / or the rear edge in the transport direction, of a value document passes a predetermined location, and / or to recognize their location.
- edges can for example, the arrival of a value document at the facility, an exit from the value document of a coverage area of the facility, thereby enabling transport monitoring.
- it is also possible to detect a skew of the value document ie an alignment of the edges of the value document neither parallel nor perpendicular to the transport direction, or the dimensions of a value document.
- the ultrasound transmitters or ultrasound transmitters / receivers can be arranged on a predetermined section of the transport path for this purpose.
- the apparatus may include an engine controller which receives the signal from the device and controls components of the device in response to the signal.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of a value-document processing device / in the example of a banknote sorting device
- FIG. 2 shows a schematic illustration of an example of a device for the examination of value documents and / or the transport of value documents by means of ultrasound in the device in FIG. 1, FIG.
- FIG. 3 shows a schematic illustration of a circuit carrier of the device in FIG. 2 with capacitive micromechanical ultrasonic transducers formed on a chip in a plan view
- FIG. 4 shows a schematic sectional view through a section of the chip in FIG. 3,
- FIG. 5 shows a schematic side view of the circuit carrier in FIG. 3 with a contact between the chip and the circuit carrier, FIG.
- FIG. 6 shows a schematic representation of a section of a second example of a value-document processing device with a feed device and a second example of a device for examining value documents and / or the transport of
- FIG. 7 shows a schematic representation of the device for examining value documents and / or the transport of value documents of the device in FIG. 6, FIG.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic representation corresponding to FIG. 2 of a third example of a device for the examination of value documents and / or the transport of value documents by means of ultrasound, FIG.
- FIG. 9 shows a schematic illustration of the ultrasonic frequencies used by the device in FIG. 8 for the ultrasound transmitters and ultrasound receivers
- FIG. 10 is a schematic representation corresponding to FIG. 2 of a fourth example of a device for the examination of value documents and / or the transport of value documents by means of ultrasound
- 11 is a schematic representation of the ultrasound frequencies used by the device in FIG. 10 for the ultrasound transmitters and ultrasound receivers
- FIG. 12 is a schematic representation of the ultrasound frequencies used by a device of a fifth example for the ultrasound transmitters and ultrasound receivers;
- FIG. 13 shows a schematic representation of a section of a sixth example for a value-document processing device with a feed device and a sixth example of a device for examining value documents and / or the transport of value documents
- FIG. 14 shows a roughly schematic view of a device for examining documents Value documents and / or the transport of value documents of a seventh embodiment in a direction on the transport path
- FIG. 15 is a rough schematic view of the device in FIG. 14 in a direction transverse to the transport path
- FIG. 16 shows a roughly schematic view of a section of a chip from above with an ultrasound transmitter which has four capacitive micromechanical ultrasonic transducers connected in parallel.
- FIG. 17 is a rough schematic view of a portion of a chip from above with an ultrasonic transmitter having three capacitive micromechanical ultrasonic transducers
- FIG. 18 shows different directional characteristics of the sound field with different phase control of a plurality of capacitive, micromechanical ultrasonic transducers of an ultrasonic transmitter
- FIG. 18 shows different directional characteristics of the sound field with different phase control of a plurality of capacitive, micromechanical ultrasonic transducers of an ultrasonic transmitter
- 19 is a schematic representation of a circuit carrier of a further example of an apparatus for the examination of documents of value and / or the transport of documents of value formed on two chips capacitive micromechanical ultrasonic transducers in a plan view,
- FIG. 20 shows a schematic representation of a chip with capacitive micromechanical ultrasound transducers formed thereon along a line at the same distance of the same size along a line, in a plan view,
- Fig. 21 is a schematic representation of a chip with along it along a
- FIG. 22 shows a schematic representation of a chip with ultrasound transmitters with different numbers of capacitive micromechanical ultrasound transducers formed transversely to the transport direction along a line in a top view
- Fig. 23 is a schematic representation of a chip with it on a
- an apparatus for processing value documents 12 in the form of banknotes is designed for sorting value documents as a function of the condition determined by the value-document processing device 10 and the authenticity of processed value documents checked by the value-document processing device.
- It has a feeder 14 for feeding value documents, an output device 16 for receiving processed, d. H. sorted value documents, and a Transporti direction 18 for transporting individual documents of value from the feeder 14 to the output device 16th
- the accessory device 14 comprises an input compartment 20 for a value document stack and a singler 22 for singling value documents from the value document stack in the input compartment 20 and providing or feeding to the transport device 18.
- the output device 16 comprises three output sections 24, 25 and 26, into which processed value documents can be sorted according to the result of the processing, in the example test.
- each of the sections comprises a stacking tray and a stacking wheel, not shown, by means of which added value documents can be stored in the stacking tray.
- the transport device 18 has at least two, in the example three branches 28, 29 and 30, at the ends of each of the output sections 24 and 25 and 26 is arranged, and at the branches via controllable by control signals switches 32 and 34, by means of which Value documents in response to control signals to the branches 28 to 30 and thus the output sections 24 to 26 can be fed.
- the physical properties of the value documents during the transport of value documents measures and the measurement results represent reproducing sensor signals representing sensor data.
- the sensor device 38 has three sensors, namely an optical reflectance sensor 40, which acquires a remeasure color image of the document of value, an optical transmission sensor 42, which captures a transmission image of the document of value, and a device 44 for the examination of documents of value and / or the transport of Value documents that record or measure spatially resolved ultrasound transmission properties of the value document.
- a machine control and evaluation device 46 is connected via signal connections to the sensor device 38 and the transport device 18, in particular the points 32 and 34. In conjunction with the sensor device 38, it classifies a value document as a function of the signals of the sensor device 38 for the value document into one of predetermined sorting classes. These sorting classes can be predefined, for example, as a function of a state value determined by means of the sensor data and also of an authenticity value determined by means of the sensor data.
- the values "executable” or “unfit for circulation” can be used as state values, and the values “forged”, “suspected of forgery” or “genuine” can be used as authenticity values.
- the sorting class determined it controls the transport device 18, in this case more precisely the points 32 and 34, by issuing control signals so that the value document is output in an output section of the output device 16 assigned to the class in accordance with its sort class determined during the classification.
- the assignment to one of the predetermined sorting classes or the classification takes place here as a function of criteria specified for the assessment of the condition and the assessment of the authenticity, which depend on at least part of the sensor data.
- the machine control and evaluation device 46 has a memory 48 and a memory 50 connected to the processor 48, in which at least one
- Computer program is stored with program code, in the execution of the processor 48 controls the device or the sensor signals of the sensor device 38, in particular for determining a sorting class of a processed value document, evaluates and controls the transport device 18 according to the evaluation.
- the machine control and evaluation device 46 determines from the sensor signals of the sensor device 38 in a sensor signal evaluation at least one value document property, which is used for checking the banknotes relevant in terms of their authenticity and / or condition. Preferably, several of these properties are determined.
- a transmission image and a remission image are determined as optical value document properties, and the ultrasound transmission as an acoustic property is determined as a function of the location on the value document.
- the machine control and evaluation device 46 determines sorting signals for the various sensors which represent whether or not the ascertained document value creations represent an indication of the state or the authenticity of the document of value. As a result of these signals, corresponding data in the machine control and evaluation device 46, for example the memory 50, can be stored for later use. Depending on the sorting signals, the machine control and evaluation device 46 then determines an overall result for the test in accordance with a predefined overall criterion and forms the sorting or control signal for the transport device 18 as a function of the result.
- For processing documents of value 12 are separated into the input tray 20 as a stack or individually inserted value documents 12 of the verzeier 22 and occasionally fed to the transport device 18, which transports the isolated value documents 12 to the sensor device 38.
- the machine control and evaluation device 46 detects the sensor signals, determines in dependence on these a sorting class, in the example a combination of an authenticity class and a state class, of the respective value document and, depending on the result, controls the points so that the value documents correspond - the determined sorting class is transported into an output section assigned to the respective sorting class.
- the device 44 is used to examine a value document which is used as a transmission ultrasonic sensor and detects ultrasound transmission data as a function of a location on the value document and is constructed as follows in the example (see Figures 2 and 3).
- the device 44 for the examination of value documents by means of ultrasound has a transmitter module 51 with a set of ultrasound transmitters 52 and a receiver module 53 with a set of ultrasound receivers 54 on opposite sides of the transport path 36 are arranged along a line extending transversely to the transport direction.
- the ultrasound transmitters 52 emit ultrasound in response to corresponding transmit signals
- the ultrasound receivers 54 upon receipt of ultrasound, form at least one characteristic of the ultrasound reproducing or descriptive received signals.
- the number and arrangement of the ultrasonic transmitter 52 corresponds to the number and arrangement of the ultrasonic receiver 54.
- the figures for the sake of clarity, only a few ultrasonic transmitters or ultrasonic receivers are shown. In fact, there are so many ultrasonic transponders each that ulti-transducers are arranged transversely to the transport path in a width greater than the corresponding extent of value documents of value document types intended for processing.
- one of the ultrasound transmitters 52 and one of the ultrasound receivers 54 are aligned with one another such that the ultrasound emitted by the respective ultrasound transmitter, in particular after transmission, is transported along a transport path 36 Value document 12, is aligned with the respective ultrasound receiver, so that the ultrasound is substantially, ie until, for example, on scattering and diffraction effects, in the direction of the ultrasound receiver and this can receive the ultrasound.
- the respective ultrasound transmitter and the respective ultrasound receiver thus form a dotted-line ultrasound path 56, which in this exemplary embodiment is oriented essentially perpendicular to the transport path and whose end points form the ultrasound transmitter and the ultrasound receiver; the ultrasonic transmitter and the ultrasonic receiver are referred to as being associated with each other.
- a control and evaluation device 47 of the device 44 For controlling the ultrasonic transmitter 52 with transmit signals and for receiving received signals of the ultrasonic receiver 54 and their processing, these are individually connected to a control and evaluation device 47 of the device 44 by means of only roughly schematically shown signal connections 49.
- the ultrasonic transmitters 52 and the ultrasonic receivers 54 are shown roughly schematically in FIGS. 3 and 4.
- Each of the ultrasonic transmitters 52 and each of the ultrasonic receivers 54 has a capacitive micromechanical ultrasonic transducer.
- the capacitive micromechanical ultrasound transducers of a pair of an ultrasound transmitter 52 and an ultrasound receiver 54, which forms an ultrasound path 56 are the same educated.
- all capacitive micromechanical ultrasonic transducers are formed substantially the same.
- the capacitive micromechanical ultrasonic transducers 63 of the ultrasound transmitters 52 are formed on a chip 58, the same applies to the ultrasound transducers of the ultrasound receivers 54.
- the transmitter module has, in addition to the chip 58, a circuit carrier 60, for example a printed circuit board, which also serves as a holder for the chip 58. on which the chip 58 is held and contacted with conductor tracks 59 on this.
- the printed conductors 59 lead to the control and evaluation device 47.
- the circuit carriers are constructed substantially the same, it is sufficient to describe only the circuit carrier 60 with the chip 58 with the capacitive micromechanical ultrasonic transducers 63 forming the ultrasonic vibrators 52 ,
- the chip 58 has a substrate 62, on which a first electrode 64 in the form of a cut-off of an electrically conductive layer is formed to form in each case an ultrasound transducer 63.
- a further insulating layer 66 is formed with cavities 68.
- the second electrodes 70 are therefore each disposed on a thin plate or membrane 72 which extends over the cavity 68.
- the electrodes 66 and 70 thus each form a capacitor.
- the electrodes together with the membrane 72 form the capacitive micromechanical ultrasound transducer 63.
- the layer 66 in particular its material and thickness, are chosen so that it can deform elastically by forces between the electrodes.
- the electrodes 64 and 70_ are connected to tracks, of which only the tracks 59 are shown in FIG.
- the printed conductors are connected to the control and evaluation device 47 and form signal connections 49 to the latter.
- a force is exerted thereon, which leads to a deformation of the diaphragm 72.
- the converter When applying a voltage with a suitable frequency in the range of ultrasonic frequencies, ie more than 20 kHz, a deformation of at least a portion of the membrane 72 with the appropriate frequency and by the corresponding movement ultrasound can be generated, the converter operates as a transmitter. Conversely, a deformation of the diaphragm 72 caused by the action of ultrasound leads to a corresponding change in the capacitance of the capacitor formed by the electrodes.
- a suitable circuit of the ultrasonic transducer not shown in the figures, the change of the capacitance can be detected, or a corresponding current can be generated. This can be detected by means of the control and evaluation device 47 connected via the signal connections 49 as a time-varying received signal.
- the electrodes 70 are connected via wires 74 (cf., FIGS. 3 and 5) to the printed conductors 59, which are only partially shown in FIG. 3, on the circuit carrier 60. The same applies to the electrode 64, but the wires are not shown.
- the membranes 72 above the cavities 68 and thus substantially the ultrasound transducers 63 thus formed have, in the example, a circular shape transverse to the emission or reception direction which has an extension D, in the example a diameter of 2 mm.
- the capacitive microme- chanical ultrasonic converters have a distance A, more precisely a distance of the circumferential lines, of 1 mm transversely to the transport direction. These dimensions are intended for capacitive micromechanical ultrasonic converters that are operated to generate and / or receive 500 kHz ultrasound.
- control and evaluation device 47 has, in addition to components on the circuit carriers, a processor or controller 75 which is connected to the signal connections 49.
- the control and evaluation device 47 has a memory in which instructions for a computer program are stored, in the execution of which the processor forms and transmits the transmission signals as described below or receives and processes or evaluates the received signals.
- the control and evaluation device 47 in particular the instructions of the computer program in the example, and the capacitive micromechanical ultrasonic converters are designed such that the control and evaluation device 47 controls the ultrasonic transducers of the ultrasonic transmitters with transmit signals or emits such transmit signals to them the capacitive micromechanical ultrasonic transducer, preferably substantially simultaneously, ultrasonic pulses with an ultrasonic frequency; of 500 kHz and a duration of 10 ⁇ .
- the pulses are delivered at a repetition frequency of 5 kHz. These values are preferably suitable for transport speeds of about 5 m / s to 10 m / s.
- control and evaluation device 47 is equipped for this, in coordination with the activation of the ultrasonic transmitter 52 or the delivery the receiving signals to receive received signals of the ultrasonic receiver 54, which form these upon receipt of the transmitted ultrasonic pulses or the ultrasonic pulses of the frequency of the transmitted ultrasonic pulses, which are formed by the transmitted ultrasonic pulses by interaction with a value document.
- the control and evaluation device 47 is in particular designed to filter the received signals according to the frequency of the emitted ultrasound and the pulse duration and to determine a property of the received ultrasound pulses or an ultrasound property of the value document at the location of the ultrasound receiver.
- the ultrasound property can be the ultrasound transmission through the value document.
- the control and evaluation device 47 is further configured to form and output sensor signals which describe locations on the value documents and the ultrasound transmission determined in each case for the locations.
- the control and evaluation device 47 transmits transmission signals to the ultrasound transmitters 52 so that they transmit ultrasound pulses of the stated duration and frequency to the value document at regular intervals 12 and the ultrasonic receiver 54 then receive the transmitted from the value document 12 (transmitted) ultrasonic pulses to form receive signals.
- the control and evaluation device 47 detects the reception signals which reproduce the intensity or power of individual received ultrasound pulses as a function of time and thus also of the location on the value document because of the constant transport speed.
- Ultrasound transmission values which describe the ultrasound transmission at the locations on the respective value document.
- the locations are located on tracks on the value document along the transport direction. This happens line by line, so that after passing through the value document for the whole value document spatially resolved ultrasonic transmission values are present.
- the transmission values are simply given by the received ultrasonic pulse energies, assuming a basically constant transmission power of the ultrasonic sound transmitter 52. In other embodiments, however, it is also possible to divide the received ultrasonic pulse energies by a predetermined or measured ultrasound pulse energy transmitted pulses and thus to obtain normalized transmission values.
- Sensor signals describing the locations and the ultrasound transmission values determined therefor can then be transmitted by the control and evaluation device 47 to the machine control and off-value device 46 and further evaluated by the latter.
- the evaluation can also be carried out by the control and evaluation device. For example, the laxity of a value document could be determined or a check for the presence of a sticky tape could be made, as is known in the art.
- a second exemplary embodiment in FIGS. 6 and 7 differs from the first exemplary embodiment in that a device 44 'for examining documents of value and / or transporting documents of value by means of ultrasound is arranged on the transport path 36 near the separator 22.
- the sensor device 38 of the first embodiment the device 44 is replaced by a conventional ultrasonic transmission sensor. Otherwise, for themselves The same components have been used for the same components and the explanations regarding the first embodiment also apply accordingly. 6 therefore shows only a corresponding section of the device in FIG. 1 with, inter alia, the feed device 14, a section of the transport path 36 and the device 44 '.
- the device 44 ' differs from the device 44 in that, instead of the transmitter module 51 and the receiver module 53 or instead of the sets of ultrasound transmitters 52 or ultrasound receivers 54, only one transmitter / receiver module 51' is provided with a set of ultrasound transmitters. receivers 52 'and accordingly the control and evaluation 47 is replaced by a control and evaluation 47'. As illustrated in FIG. 7, the ultrasound transmitters / receivers 52 'are each individually connected via signal connections 49' to the control and evaluation device 47 '. For each of the ultrasound transmitters / receivers 52 ', therefore, the transmission signals and the reception signals are conducted through the same signal connection.
- the transmitter / receiver module 51 ' is substantially the same as the transmitter module 51 of the first embodiment, so that the embodiments of the first embodiment apply mutatis mutandis.
- the ultrasonic transmitters / receivers 52 'each have a capacitive micromechanical ultrasonic transducer and are formed in a chip. The chip is also held and contacted on a circuit carrier, so that the ultrasound transceivers emit ultrasound substantially perpendicular to the value document and receive ultrasound reflected from the value document from a direction perpendicular to the transport plane of the value document. From one of each of the The ultrasonic transmitter / receiver therefore forms an ultrasound path 56 'which, in the example, runs essentially perpendicular to a plane of the document of value.
- the interconnects and possibly other electrical components or circuits on the circuit carrier are changed so that the capacitive micromechanical ultrasonic transducers can act as transmitters of and receivers for ultrasound.
- the control and evaluation device 47 ' is designed such that it emits transmission signals to the ultrasound transmitter / receiver 52', toward which the ultrasound transmitters / receivers emit ultrasound pulses as in the first embodiment, although the pulse duration is not longer than the transit time of one Ultrasonic pulse from the ultrasonic transmitter / receiver to the document of value, preferably no longer than between 10 and 10 ms.
- this device is characterized in that it is particularly compact and requires only very little space.
- the device or the sensor 44 ' is designed to detect by means of ultrasound whether a leading edge of a value document in the transport direction passes the ultrasound transmitter / receiver arrangement or the transceiver module 51', i. at least one of the ultrasound paths crosses.
- control and evaluation device 47 further configured to receive the received signals and to check whether their level is below a predetermined threshold, which is characteristic that no ultrasound was reflected from a document of value or not, and Depending on the result of the test, a signal is sent to the machine control and evaluation device 46.
- the device or the sensor 44 in particular its control and evaluation device may be configured to detect by means of ultrasound whether a rear edge of a value document in the transport direction passes the ultrasound transmitter / receiver arrangement, ie crosses one of the ultrasound paths. If this event is detected, the control and evaluation device can issue a corresponding signal.
- a third embodiment differs from the first embodiment in the control of the ultrasonic transmitters 52 and the evaluation of the received signals of the ultrasonic receivers 54, to which the device 44 has been replaced by a device 44 ", which differs from the device 44 only in that the Control and evaluation 47 is replaced by a control and evaluation 47 "(see Fig. 8).
- the ultrasonic transducers are adapted to the use of the different frequencies described below.
- the received signals are then processed, in particular filtered as a function of the position of the ultrasonic receiver or the relative position of the ultrasonic receiver to the ultrasonic transmitters.
- the ultrasound transmitters are divided into two groups.
- the first group viewed in the direction of the row of the ultrasound transmitters, comprises the first and the respectively next following ultrasound transmitters, the second the ultrasound transmitters lying in between.
- the ultrasound transmitters are therefore assigned to only one of the two groups.
- control and evaluation device 47 is designed such that it emits transmit signals to the ultrasound transmitters of the first group, so that they emit ultrasound pulses having a predetermined pulse length and a first predetermined ultrasound frequency, and transmits transmit signals to the ultrasound transmitters of the second group. so that they emit ultrasonic pulses with the predetermined pulse length and with a second predetermined ultrasonic frequency.
- the control and evaluation device 47 is designed to process the received signals of the ultrasonic receivers of the first group according to the first ultrasonic frequency, in particular to filter, and the received signals of the ultrasonic receivers of the second group speaking to process the second ultrasonic frequency, in particular to filter.
- control and evaluation device 47 is designed like the control and evaluation device 47, but differs from this in two respects.
- control and Ausnceernraum 47 is designed to control by issuing respective transmit signals respectively next adjacent ultrasonic transmitter for delivering pulses of ultrasound at different frequencies.
- FIG. 9 This is illustrated in FIG. 9, in which the squares symbolize the position of the ultrasound paths 56 or of the respectively limiting ultrasound transmitters 52 and ultrasound receivers 54 in planes parallel to them
- Transport level or a transported value document are shown.
- the ultrasound paths or the ultrasound transmitters 52 and ultrasound receivers 54 that delimit them are arranged along a line transversely to the transport direction T.
- the squares are patterned according to the frequency of the ultrasound emitted by the ultrasound transmitters 52 or received by the respective ultrasound receivers 54 associated therewith.
- the lighter squares with the thinner dotting illustrate a first frequency of 400 kHz and the darker squares with the denser dotting a second frequency of 600 kHz.
- the control and evaluation device 47 is thus designed so that it emits transmission signals, upon receipt of which the ultrasound transmitters emit ultrasonic pulses of the first or second frequency along the line alternately, so that between two ultrasound transmitters, the ultrasound of the first free emit an ultrasonic transmitter, which emits ultrasound of the second frequency.
- the ultrasound emitted in each case by one of the ultrasound transmitters is received here, optionally after transmission through a value document, by the assigned ultrasound receiver.
- the control and evaluation device 47 is therefore designed to receive and process received signals of the ultrasonic receiver assigned to a respective ultrasound transmitter, in particular as a function of the characteristics of the ultrasound emitted by the associated ultrasound transmitter, d. H.
- the position of the ultrasonic transducers or the relative position of the ultrasound receivers to the ultrasound transmitters can be filtered.
- the first and second ultrasonic frequencies are chosen such that the ultrasonic properties of a value document used do not depend very much on which of the two frequencies they are detected.
- they are selected such that the control and evaluation device 47 "can filter out possibly occurring components of adjacent ultrasound paths in the received signals by frequency-dependent filtering and can thus suppress them for further processing.
- the signals can be further processed as in the first embodiment.
- a fourth exemplary embodiment differs from the first exemplary embodiment in that the ultrasonic transmitters are now controlled by transmitting signals such that they each emit a series of ultrasonic pulses, of which at least two consecutive ones have a different frequency. Receive signals of the ultrasonic receiver assigned to the respective ultrasonic transmitter are received and processed, in particular filtered according to the frequency sequence of the emitted ultrasonic pulses.
- the device 44 is replaced by a device 44 (4) (see Fig. 10).
- the first and the second ultrasonic frequencies differ at least in such a way that the ultrasonic receivers used in conjunction with the control and evaluation device processing or evaluating their received signals can unambiguously separate pulses with these frequencies, in this case by filtering with respect to the frequency If the ultrasonic frequencies used are in relation to each other, the longer pulse durations must be used to allow a separation.
- the control and evaluation device 47 (4) is, on the one hand, designed to form transmit signals for each of the ultrasound transmitters 52 and transmit them to the respective To donate ultrasonic ultrasound transmitter so that it emits a series of ultrasonic pulses, in the immediacy successive different predetermined ultrasonic frequencies, here in each case a different of the two ultrasonic frequencies.
- the ultrasound transmitters are actuated by the control and evaluation device 47 (4) in such a way that they deliver pulses essentially simultaneously, ie with a time delay of less than half a pulse duration between the ultrasound transmitters.
- this may be such that first transmission signals for a pulse with the first ultrasonic frequency are delivered to the ultrasonic transmitter, then for the next pulse with the second ultrasonic frequency corresponding transmission signals; this sequence is then optionally repeated several times.
- the frequency of the ultrasonic pulses of the sequence therefore alternates with the order in the sequence.
- the control and evaluation device 47W is designed to receive, in coordination with the transmission signals, the received signals of the ultrasound transmitters and to process them in accordance with the transmitted ultrasound frequency, in particular to filter them. This is illustrated in FIG. 11, which schematically illustrates three pulses of a pulse sequence at times t, t + ⁇ , t + 2A, which are emitted immediately at a time interval ⁇ , ultrasound of which frequency is used.
- the representation corresponds to that in FIG. 9.
- Squares symbolize the position of the ultrasound paths 56 or of the ultrasound transmitters 52 and ultrasound receivers 54 delimiting them in planes parallel to the transport plane or a transported document of value.
- the ultrasound paths or the ultrasound transmitters 52 and ultrasound receivers 54 delimiting them in each case are arranged along a line transverse to the transport direction T.
- the squares are patterned according to the frequency of the ultrasound emitted by the ultrasound transmitters 52 or received by the respective ultrasound receivers 54 associated therewith.
- the lighter squares with the thinner dotting illustrate a first frequency of 400 kHz and the darker squares with the denser dotting a second frequency of 600 kHz.
- Successive lines in FIG. 9 represent the situation at successive points in time. The times are spaced by the period .DELTA. Which corresponds to the frequency l / ⁇ at which ultrasound pulses are emitted, in the example 5 kHz.
- the control and evaluation device 47W initially emits transmission signals to the ultrasound transmitters, which essentially emit ultrasound pulses of the first frequency, which, optionally after interaction with a value document, here transmission through the value document, is received by the ultrasound receivers.
- the ultrasonic receiver 54 form corresponding received signals, which they deliver to the control and Ausnceeinrichrung 47 (4) .
- the latter filters the received signals in accordance with the ultrasound frequency of the ultrasound pulses and generates ultrasound transmission data.
- the control and evaluation device 47 (4) then emits transmission signals to the ultrasound transmitters which essentially emit ultrasound pulses of the second frequency which, if appropriate, interact with the ultrasound transmitter Value document, here transmission through the value document, is received by the ultrasonic receivers.
- the ultrasonic receivers form corresponding received signals, which they deliver to the control and evaluation device 47 (4) .
- the connections from the control and evaluation device 47 ( FIG. 4) to the ultrasound transmitters 52 can be replaced by a common connection which branches from the control and evaluation device 47W to the ultrasound transmitters 52.
- a fifth embodiment differs from the third embodiment in that the ultrasound transmitters are driven by transmission signals so that these ultrasounds are emitted in a manner and evaluated after reception, which in some way combines the third and fourth embodiments.
- the device 44 " is replaced by a device 44 (5) (see Fig. 10) .
- Each of the ultrasound transmitters again emits a sequence of ultrasound pulses, in which the ultrasound frequencies of successive ultrasound pulses differ; In particular, they can have a first and a second ultrasonic frequency.
- the consequences for directly adjacent ultrasound transmitters differ insofar as ultrasound pulses emitted substantially simultaneously by them at the same time also have a different ultrasound frequency in each case.
- FIG. 12 which, except for the sequence of the ultrasonic frequencies, corresponds to FIG. 11.
- the control and evaluation device For each time at which pulses are to be delivered, transmits transmit signals to the ultrasound transmitters such that a first group of the ultrasound transmitters emits an ultrasound pulse of a first predetermined ultrasound frequency and a second group of ultrasound transmitters emit ultrasound pulses of a second predetermined ultrasound frequency;
- the criteria apply as described in the two preceding embodiments. In particular, they are chosen as in the two preceding embodiments.
- the groups are selected such that, between two ultrasound transmitters of one of the groups, ultrasound transmitters of the other group are in each case located. This results, for example, at time t a scheme that corresponds to that in FIG. 10.
- the ultrasound receivers Upon receipt of the ultrasound, the ultrasound receivers form respective reception signals, which are supplied separately to the control and evaluation device 47 ⁇ 5 >. This evaluates the received signals in dependence on the position of the ultrasonic transmitter and the ultrasonic receiver associated therewith, and filters the received signals according to the frequency of the transmitted ultrasound for the respective ultrasound path or the ultrasound transmitter or the respectively transmitted ultrasound.
- control and expelling device 47 emits transmission signals to the ultrasound transmitters so that the first group of ultrasound transmitters emits one ultrasound pulse of the second predetermined ultrasound frequency and the second group of ultrasound transmitters Ultrasonic pulses of the first predetermined ultrasonic frequency.
- the resulting pattern is shown in Fig. 12 in the second line; it corresponds to the pattern at time t, but in each case the first and second frequencies are reversed.
- control and evaluation device 47 ⁇ 5 For the following pulse of the sequence at time t + 2A, the control and evaluation device 47 ⁇ 5) transmits transmit signals which correspond to those at time t and processes the received signals accordingly.
- the received signals of the ultrasonic receivers are processed in accordance with the frequencies of the ultrasound pulses from the associated ultrasound transmitters and ultrasound transmission data are output as a function of the location to the machine control and evaluation device.
- This approach has the advantage that in the evaluation of a received signal for an ultrasonic path, possible disturbing influences by ultrasound on directly adjacent ultrasonic distances and interfering influences can be at least partially filtered out by ultrasound of pulses for adjacent ultrasonic distances for the previous pulse.
- This variant is realistically applicable by the use of capacitive micromechanical ultrasonic transducers, since these allow short pulses, a broad usable frequency range and a high local resolution across the line.
- a sixth exemplary embodiment in FIG. 13 the transport of value documents immediately after the singling is examined for the presence of overlapping value documents.
- the device differs from that of the first embodiment firstly in that a device (6> arranged to study the transport of documents of value by means of ultrasound in the transport path 36 near the singler 22 44th Secondly, in the sensor device 38, the device 44 is characterized by a Otherwise, the same reference numerals are used for corresponding components, and the remarks on the first exemplary embodiment also apply correspondingly here, Fig. 13 therefore only shows a corresponding section of the modified device in Fig. 1.
- the device 47 (6) differs from the device 47 in that the control and evaluation device 47 is replaced by a control and evaluation device 47 (6) .
- the control and evaluation device 47 (6) differs from the control and evaluation device 47 of the first embodiment only in that it is designed to process the received signals differently. Otherwise, it is designed like the control and evaluation device of the first embodiment.
- the control and evaluation device 47 ( 6) is more precisely configured to check the received signals for ultrasound pulses received substantially simultaneously from the ultrasound receivers, as to whether the level or the intensity of the received signal is less than a predefined threshold characteristic of that receive signals for a single value document have a value above the threshold value, but those for overlapping value documents have levels below the threshold value.
- the machine control and evaluation device can then control the transport device in such a way that the overlapping value documents are transported into a predetermined one of the output compartments.
- the transport device can also be designed such that the transport path in front of the sensor device 38 has a branch on which a switch which can be controlled by actuating signals is arranged. At the end of the branch not leading to the sensor device 38, a compartment for value documents not to be processed can then be arranged.
- the machine control and evaluation device can then be designed to emit a control signal to the switch upon receipt of a signal of the device 47 ⁇ 5) , so that the overlapping value documents are transported into the compartment and stored there.
- a seventh embodiment differs from the first embodiment only in that the device 44 is replaced by a Device 44 (7) for examining value documents and / or the transport of value documents.
- the transmitter module 51 (7) and the receiver module ⁇ 7) which are otherwise formed as in the first Aus collirungsbeispiel, and thus the ultrasonic transmitter and ultrasonic receiver on the same side of the transport path 36 in the example above the transport path; so that a study of the ultrasound remission can be carried out as value document property.
- the control and evaluation device 47 FIG. 7) differs from the control and evaluation device 47 only in that it is designed such that the received signals of the ultrasonic receivers are processed such that an ultrasound remission as a function of a location on a value document is determined.
- Fig. 14 shows a rough schematic view of the device in a direction on the transport path
- Fig. 15 shows a section through the device in a direction transverse to the transport path.
- the signal connections 49 (7) are shown in particular summarized, although as in the first embodiment in each case individual signal connections connect the transmitter or receiver with the control and evaluation.
- the transmitter module 51 (7) and the receiver module 53 ⁇ 7) are formed as in the first embodiment.
- the ultrasound transmitters 52 and their ultrasound transducers are aligned relative to the transport path 36 such that the ultrasound is in each case inclined relative to the plane of the transport path or a value document transported there, wherein it has no essential component in a direction transverse to the transport direction.
- the ultrasound or their ultrasonic transducers are arranged and aligned so that they receive the ultrasound of the ultrasonic transmitter 52, which has been reflected on a document of value, ie, are aligned with its receiving direction on the propagation direction.
- an ultrasonic transmitter and the associated ultrasonic receiver so form an ultrasonic path 56 (7) , which is symbolized in Fig. 15 by a dashed line.
- the ultrasonic transmitters and / or the ultrasonic receivers may each have at least two capacitive micromechanical ultrasonic transducers.
- the ultrasound transducers of an ultrasound transmitter or ultrasound receiver are each formed on the same chip.
- These ultrasonic transducers can be connected to the control and evaluation device 47 in such a way that they are driven with the same transmission signals, ie. H. the control and evaluation device emits only one transmission signal that is supplied to the two ultrasonic transducers via the output or the same signal connection.
- receive signals of the ultrasonic transducers can each be superimposed on an ultrasound receiver which is fed to the control and evaluation device and received and processed by the latter like a received signal.
- the control and evaluation device is designed to form transmission signals for in each case only one ultrasound transmitter and to emit them, or to receive or process or evaluate the superimposed reception signals of only one ultrasound receiver in each case.
- FIG. 16 An example of an ultrasonic transmitter 72 having four capacitive micromechanical ultrasonic transducers 74 is shown roughly schematically in FIG. 16.
- the four capacitive micromechanical ultrasonic transducers 74 of the Dotted lines illustrated ultrasonic emitters are equal to the same, only partially shown chip 76 is formed, and formed except for the rectangular shape or the rectangular shape of the membrane on which the second electrode is formed as the capacitive micromechanical ultrasonic transducer of the first embodiment.
- the first electrodes are contacted together with a conductor track, not shown, the same applies to the second electrodes which are connected to branches of the conductor track 78.
- the control and off value device is designed to emit transmission signals which correspond to those of the first exemplary embodiment, if appropriate to the level thereof.
- the ultrasound transducers for each ultrasound transmitter or ultrasound receiver or ultrasound transmitter / receiver are connected separately to the control and evaluation device via signal connections.
- the ultrasonic transducers of an ultrasound transmitter can then be controlled so that they emit ultrasound at the same frequency. In this embodiment, however, the transmission signals differ in their phase.
- This embodiment differs from the first embodiment by the formation of the ultrasonic transmitter and the control and Ausnceeinrichrung. All other versions of the first
- FIG. 17 an ultrasonic transmitter indicated by dashed lines is illustrated.
- the ultrasound transmitter 80 which replaces an ultrasound transmitter 52 in the first embodiment, has three identically formed capacitive micromechanical cells. see ultrasonic transducer 82, which are arranged in a row and arranged on the same chip, not shown.
- the ultrasound transducers 82 are formed as in the first embodiment and are connected separately to separate interconnects 84, which in turn are individually connected via separate signal connections to the control and evaluation device.
- the control and evaluation device differs from that of the first embodiment only in that it emits separate transmit signals to the ultrasonic transducers 82 for the ultrasound transducers 82 of each of the ultrasound transmitters 80, so that the ultrasound transducers generate ultrasound pulses having the same frequency but different phase.
- the phases or phase differences are chosen such that the resulting sound field is focused or focused more strongly by the superposition of the ultrasound of the ultrasound transducers 82 of the ultrasound transmitter. This is illustrated in FIG. In this, the sound field or the directional characteristic of the ultrasonic transducer of the symbolized by a dashed line ultrasonic transmitter 80 when controlled in phase by dashed lines is shown.
- the corresponding sound field or the corresponding directional characteristic when controlled with different phases is roughly schematically represented by solid lines.
- the control and evaluation device transmits transmission signals such that the ultrasonic transducers emit ultrasonic pulses having a different phase, so that a more directional directivity or a more directional or focused sound field results.
- the control and evaluation device is adapted to form the transmission signals and deliver so that the phases vary over time.
- the transmission signals can be formed and emitted so that the directional characteristic as a function of time by one predetermined angle is pivoted, which is indicated in Fig. 18 by a double arrow.
- the ultrasound transmitters and / or ultrasound receivers or their capacitive micromechanical ultrasound transducers can also be formed on at least two chips, wherein the chips are held and contacted on a circuit carrier such that their ultrasound transducers are arranged along a line which is transverse to the transport direction T. runs.
- FIG. 19 illustrates in FIG. 19 for the case of a transmitter module in which two identically formed chips 92 with capacitive micromechanical ultrasonic transducers are arranged on a circuit carrier 90 of the module and contacted with conductor tracks as in the first exemplary embodiment.
- the chips 92 are formed like the chip in the first embodiment, the explanations thereof and the reference characters are also used here.
- the contacting and connection with the control and evaluation device takes place in such a way that the capacitive, micromechanical ultrasonic transducers in each case of an ultrasonic transmitter or an ultrasonic receiver are formed or arranged on the same chip.
- Other embodiments differ from the first embodiment by the shape and distribution of the ultrasonic transmitter and ultrasonic receiver, which in turn are each formed by a capacitive micromechanical ultrasonic transducer.
- Fig. 20 shows an example in which the ultrasound transducers 63 are arranged uniformly on a transmitter module at a small distance and therefore uniformly high resolution along a line which is longer than the extent of a value document 12 transversely to the transport direction T.
- Fig. 21 shows an example of a device in which the ultrasonic transducers 96 of a transmitter module 97 are formed at a variable pitch and with variable extension. The ultrasonic transducers are again arranged in a line which is longer than the extension of a value document 12 transversely to the transport direction T. The ultrasound transducers in the middle of the line are arranged at a smaller distance from each other, and therefore allow a correspondingly high spatial resolution of the measurement.
- the outer ultrasonic transducers are arranged at a greater distance from one another and have a larger sound-generating surface. The local resolution is therefore lower at the edge, but the sound level is higher.
- FIG. 22 shows an example in which the ultrasound transmitters of a transmitter module 99 are again arranged along a line transversely to the transport direction T.
- the ultrasound transmitters 98 in the center each have two capacitive ultrasonic transducers 100 formed adjacent to one another in the transport direction, which are in contact so that they can be individually driven with phase-shifted transmission signals of the same frequency, so as to obtain the described focusing in the transport direction.
- FIG. 23 shows an example in which a device for examining documents of value and / or the transport of value documents by means of ultrasound a plurality of capacitive micromechanical ultrasonic transducers 102, which are formed on a chip 104, in a two-dimensional arrangement, in the example on the intersections of a square lattice.
- the ultrasonic transducers can be used individually as individual transmitters or receivers or in small groups. Summarized be controlled as a transmitter or receiver. In the latter case, in particular a phase-offset control of the ultrasonic transducer of each transmitter is possible.
- the chips may also be formed as SMT elements.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
- Measurement Of Velocity Or Position Using Acoustic Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices Characterised By Use Of Acoustic Means (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102015009899.3A DE102015009899A1 (de) | 2015-07-30 | 2015-07-30 | Einrichtung und Verfahren zur Untersuchung von Wertdokumenten und / oder des Transports von Wertdokumenten mittels Ultraschall |
| PCT/EP2016/001324 WO2017016673A1 (de) | 2015-07-30 | 2016-07-29 | Einrichtung und verfahren zur untersuchung von wertdokumenten und / oder des transports von wertdokumenten mittels ultraschall |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP3329473A1 true EP3329473A1 (de) | 2018-06-06 |
| EP3329473B1 EP3329473B1 (de) | 2020-09-09 |
Family
ID=56557661
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP16745416.4A Active EP3329473B1 (de) | 2015-07-30 | 2016-07-29 | Einrichtung und verfahren zur untersuchung von wertdokumenten und / oder des transports von wertdokumenten mittels ultraschall |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20190012866A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP3329473B1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102015009899A1 (de) |
| RU (1) | RU2735576C2 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2017016673A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP6685982B2 (ja) * | 2017-09-20 | 2020-04-22 | 株式会社東芝 | トランスデューサおよび検査装置 |
| CN107909709A (zh) * | 2017-11-23 | 2018-04-13 | 深圳怡化电脑股份有限公司 | 钞箱内纸币张数的确定方法及系统 |
| CN108335403B (zh) * | 2018-01-05 | 2020-04-28 | 深圳怡化电脑股份有限公司 | 一种纸币的厚度检测方法、装置、终端设备和存储介质 |
| CN109870130B (zh) * | 2019-04-09 | 2024-07-02 | 中国科学技术大学 | 一种超声阵列检测物件平整度的测量方法与装置 |
Family Cites Families (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3048710A1 (de) * | 1980-12-23 | 1982-07-15 | GAO Gesellschaft für Automation und Organisation mbH, 8000 München | "verfahren zur pruefung des flaechengewichts von duennem material" |
| GB0204572D0 (en) * | 2002-02-27 | 2002-04-10 | Univ Warwick | Non contacting air-coupled ultrasonic inspection system for food and drinks |
| DE10318104A1 (de) * | 2003-04-22 | 2004-11-11 | Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Bestimmung der Lappigkeit von Blattgut |
| DE10318756B4 (de) * | 2003-04-25 | 2013-06-06 | Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Bestimmung der Dicke von Blattgut |
| US8764664B2 (en) * | 2005-11-28 | 2014-07-01 | Vizyontech Imaging, Inc. | Methods and apparatus for conformable medical data acquisition pad and configurable imaging system |
| DE102006008476A1 (de) * | 2006-02-23 | 2007-09-13 | Siemens Ag | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung eines Laufzeitsignals für eine Bestimmung eines Abstands eines Objekts durch Messung der Laufzeit von Ultraschallpulsen |
| DE102006033001A1 (de) * | 2006-07-17 | 2008-01-24 | Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh | Verfahren zur Beurteilung eines Zustands eines Wertdokuments im Hinblick auf Lappigkeit und Mittel zur Durchführung des Verfahrens |
| DE102006043882A1 (de) * | 2006-09-19 | 2008-03-27 | Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh | Sensor zur Untersuchung eines Wertdokuments und Verfahren zur Herstellung des Sensors |
| JP5734620B2 (ja) * | 2010-10-27 | 2015-06-17 | オリンパス株式会社 | 超音波プローブ装置及びその制御方法 |
| JP5986441B2 (ja) * | 2012-07-06 | 2016-09-06 | キヤノン株式会社 | 静電容量型トランスデューサ |
| US9542787B2 (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2017-01-10 | De La Rue North America Inc. | Systems and methods for detecting a document attribute using acoustics |
| DE102013015224A1 (de) * | 2013-09-13 | 2015-03-19 | Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Prüfen von Wertdokumenten auf Irregularitäten |
| CN104050746B (zh) * | 2014-06-30 | 2017-04-26 | 广州广电运通金融电子股份有限公司 | 一种厚度检测装置 |
| JP6757350B2 (ja) * | 2018-03-15 | 2020-09-16 | 株式会社東芝 | 検査装置及び検査方法 |
-
2015
- 2015-07-30 DE DE102015009899.3A patent/DE102015009899A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2016
- 2016-07-29 WO PCT/EP2016/001324 patent/WO2017016673A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2016-07-29 US US15/746,975 patent/US20190012866A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2016-07-29 RU RU2018106967A patent/RU2735576C2/ru active
- 2016-07-29 EP EP16745416.4A patent/EP3329473B1/de active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| RU2018106967A3 (de) | 2019-11-13 |
| WO2017016673A1 (de) | 2017-02-02 |
| EP3329473B1 (de) | 2020-09-09 |
| RU2018106967A (ru) | 2019-08-28 |
| DE102015009899A1 (de) | 2017-02-02 |
| US20190012866A1 (en) | 2019-01-10 |
| RU2735576C2 (ru) | 2020-11-03 |
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