EP3328529B1 - Sandmischvorrichtung und verfahren zum mischen von sand - Google Patents

Sandmischvorrichtung und verfahren zum mischen von sand Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3328529B1
EP3328529B1 EP15767268.4A EP15767268A EP3328529B1 EP 3328529 B1 EP3328529 B1 EP 3328529B1 EP 15767268 A EP15767268 A EP 15767268A EP 3328529 B1 EP3328529 B1 EP 3328529B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mixing
peripheral
central
sand
tool
Prior art date
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Active
Application number
EP15767268.4A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3328529A1 (de
Inventor
Claus Ejvind HANSEN
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Disa Industries AS
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Disa Industries AS
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Publication date
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Priority to PL15767268T priority Critical patent/PL3328529T3/pl
Publication of EP3328529A1 publication Critical patent/EP3328529A1/de
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C5/00—Machines or devices specially designed for dressing or handling the mould material so far as specially adapted for that purpose
    • B22C5/04—Machines or devices specially designed for dressing or handling the mould material so far as specially adapted for that purpose by grinding, blending, mixing, kneading, or stirring
    • B22C5/0409—Blending, mixing, kneading or stirring; Methods therefor
    • B22C5/044—Devices having a vertical stirrer shaft in a fixed receptacle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/05—Stirrers
    • B01F27/11—Stirrers characterised by the configuration of the stirrers
    • B01F27/112—Stirrers characterised by the configuration of the stirrers with arms, paddles, vanes or blades
    • B01F27/1123—Stirrers characterised by the configuration of the stirrers with arms, paddles, vanes or blades sickle-shaped, i.e. curved in at least one direction
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/23—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders characterised by the orientation or disposition of the rotor axis
    • B01F27/232—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders characterised by the orientation or disposition of the rotor axis with two or more rotation axes
    • B01F27/2321—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders characterised by the orientation or disposition of the rotor axis with two or more rotation axes having different inclinations, e.g. non parallel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/60—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis
    • B01F27/61—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis about an inclined axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/80—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a substantially vertical axis
    • B01F27/82—Pan-type mixers, i.e. mixers in which the stirring elements move along the bottom of a pan-shaped receptacle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
    • B01F35/75—Discharge mechanisms
    • B01F35/752—Discharge mechanisms with arrangements for converting the mechanism from mixing to discharging, e.g. by either guiding a mixture back into a receptacle or discharging it

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a sand mixing device having a mixing bowl which is arranged stationarily on a support frame and includes a peripheral side wall and a bottom wall, a central mixing tool being arranged rotatably about a central mixer axis of the mixing bowl and having a number of blades extending along the bottom wall to the peripheral side wall, and at least one peripheral mixing tool being arranged rotatably about a peripheral mixer axis.
  • a sand mixing device of the above-mentioned type is available under the trade name DISA TM Mixer.
  • DE 39 01 774 discloses a weighing mixer particularly suitable for bulk material, such as synthetic granulate.
  • the mixer has a cylindrical vessel with a steeply inclined lower base part which facilitates easy emptying of the vessel through an outlet inserted without dead space.
  • a mixing tool is arranged rotatably about an axis displaced in relation to the cylinder axis of the cylindrical vessel. This kind of mixer is less suitable for sand mixing in a foundry.
  • FR 1.271.334 discloses another mixer having a steeply inclined mixing vessel and a helical mixing tool arranged non-centrally and close to a cylindrical wall of the mixing vessel.
  • EP 0 125 389 discloses an apparatus for treating materials which are capable of flow, comprising a mixing container which rotates about its central axis which is inclined with respect to the vertical, with a wall and/or bottom scraper plate which is arranged substantially stationarily with respect to the cylindrical inside wall of the mixing container, a discharge opening disposed in the bottom of the mixing container and one or two non-centrally arranged rotating tools which engage into the material.
  • the mixing container is driven at a sub-critical speed of rotation, the rotating tool is arranged exclusively at the downstream side of the apex, that the space on the upstream side is free of fittings therein and that the scraper plate is disposed in the vicinity of the apex of the mixing container.
  • an outer stationary shield is necessary which may complicate the filling and emptying operations and sample takings.
  • Document DE-B1-23 18 692 discloses a mixing device in accordance with the preamble of claim 1 and a method in accordance with the preamble of claim 18.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a sand mixing device of the type mentioned by way of introduction, whereby process cycle time and energy consumption may be reduced.
  • the mixing bowl in accordance with claim 1, is arranged in an inclined position on the support frame so that the central mixer axis of the mixing bowl is inclined at an angle to the vertical, a first cross-sectional plane extending through the mixing bowl and including both the central mixer axis and a horizontal line extending in a plane defining the bottom wall divides the mixing bowl into a lower part positioned relatively lower and a higher part positioned relatively higher, and at least one peripheral mixing tool is arranged in the lower part of the mixing bowl.
  • the combination of the inclined mixing bowl and the positioning of at least one peripheral mixing tool in the lower part of the mixing bowl has proven to provide both more efficient mixing and lower energy consumption so that mixing time and energy consumption may be reduced at the same time.
  • a further beneficial effect of the inclined mixing bowl is that emptying of the mixing vessel may be performed faster. The total effect is therefore that a substantially reduced process cycle time and a substantially reduced energy consumption may be achieved.
  • test results have revealed that the inclined mixing bowl in itself, although providing reduced energy consumption, does not provide an improved mixing result without also positioning at least one peripheral mixing tool in the lower part of the mixing bowl.
  • test results have revealed that the reduced energy consumption obtained by the inclined mixing bowl may be boosted by positioning at least one peripheral mixing tool in the lower part of the mixing bowl. Therefore, it may be concluded that according to the present invention, a surprising synergistic effect may be achieved.
  • the central mixer axis of the mixing bowl is inclined at an angle of between 5 and 30 degrees, preferably of between 7 and 25 degrees, more preferred of between 8 and 20 degrees, and most preferred of between 9 and 15 degrees to the vertical.
  • the blades of the central mixing tool are distributed evenly about the central mixer axis of the mixing bowl, neighbouring blades thereby forming a certain mutual angle, and the at least one peripheral mixing tool is arranged so that the mutual angle between any pair of peripheral mixing tools is different from an integer multiple of the certain mutual angle of the neighbouring blades of the central mixing tool.
  • the at least one peripheral mixing tool is arranged so that the mutual angle between any pair of peripheral mixing tools differs more than 3 per cent, preferably more than 5 per cent, and most preferred more than 7 per cent, from an integer multiple of the certain mutual angle of the neighbouring blades of the central mixing tool.
  • the sand mixing device includes a first peripheral mixing tool being arranged rotatably about a first peripheral mixer axis at a first angular mixer position about the central mixer axis of the mixing bowl and a second peripheral mixing tool being arranged rotatably about a second peripheral mixer axis at a second angular mixer position about the central mixer axis of the mixing bowl, and the first and the second peripheral mixing tools are arranged in the lower part of the mixing bowl.
  • This embodiment may be more efficient for relatively larger mixers.
  • the central mixing tool includes four blades distributed evenly about the central mixer axis of the mixing bowl, neighbouring blades thereby forming a mutual angle of 90 degrees, and the first and the second peripheral mixing tools are arranged so that the first and second angular mixer positions differ by between 73 and 87 degrees, preferably by between 78 and 85 degrees, and most preferred by between 82 and 84 degrees.
  • the above-mentioned undesirable counter-phase effect may be reduced or avoided efficiently, and therefore, the energy consumption may be reduced efficiently.
  • an even number of blades on the central mixing tool may be advantageous in that transverse forces in the central mixing tool may be avoided so that only moment is present.
  • the central mixing tool is adapted to rotate sand in the mixing bowl in a main rotational direction, thereby defining an upstream and a downstream direction in the mixing bowl
  • the first peripheral mixing tool is located upstream in relation to the second peripheral mixing tool
  • the first angular mixer position differs from an angular position of the first cross-sectional plane by between 10 and 55 degrees, preferably by between 20 and 45 degrees, and most preferred by between 30 and 35 degrees.
  • the first peripheral mixing tool is arranged higher than the second peripheral mixing tool in relation to the bottom wall of the mixing bowl.
  • the central mixing tool is adapted to rotate in a main rotational direction
  • the at least one peripheral mixing tool is adapted to rotate in a rotational direction opposite to the main rotational direction
  • the central mixing tool is adapted to rotate in a main rotational direction
  • each blade of the central mixing tool extends from a central hub to a free end at the peripheral side wall of the mixing bowl, each blade curves from the central hub in a rotational direction opposite to the main rotational direction, and the free end of each blade is provided with a blade tip having an upper face slanting towards the bottom wall of the mixing bowl in the main rotational direction.
  • the respective peripheral mixer axes seen in respective radial cross-sectional views of the mixing bowl, form respective angles with the central mixer axis of at least 2 degrees, preferably at least 3 degrees, and most preferred at least 4 degrees, so that the lower ends of the peripheral mixing tools, respectively, are at least slightly pointed towards the central mixer axis.
  • the peripheral side wall is rotationally symmetric, such as composed by conical and/or cylindrical sections, about its central mixer axis, and wherein the central mixer axis is perpendicular to the bottom wall.
  • the peripheral side wall is a cylindrical wall
  • the bottom wall is arranged at right angles to the cylindrical wall
  • the central mixer axis of the peripheral side wall is a cylinder axis of the cylindrical wall.
  • a second cross-sectional plane through the mixing bowl including the central mixer axis and extending at right angles to the first cross-sectional plane defines a lowest point angular position in the lower part of the mixing bowl and a highest point angular position in the higher part of the mixing bowl, and an outlet port is arranged in the peripheral side wall, next to the bottom wall, at the lowest point angular position.
  • the sand mixing device is controlled to empty the mixing bowl by opening the outlet port, rotating the central mixing tool and at least substantially reducing the rotational speed of or stopping the first and second peripheral mixing tools.
  • the central mixing tool is provided with a central conical top part covering the upper end of a central mixing shaft on which the central mixing tool is mounted.
  • the efficiency of the sand mixing device may be improved in that circulation of sand in the mixing bowl may be facilitated so that sand moved downward at the central part of the mixing bowl may slide down on the central conical top part and thereby be guided outwards to the blades of the central mixing tool at the bottom wall of the mixing bowl.
  • the mixing bowl is provided with a horizontal top cover in which a sand feed hopper is arranged.
  • the sand feed hopper may be arranged in different angular orientations about a vertical axis according to requirements, without inclining the sand feed hopper in relation to the horizontal plane.
  • a mounting opening in the horizontal top cover is adapted to the sand feed hopper so that the sand feed hopper may be arranged in at least four different angular orientations about a vertical axis.
  • the sand feed hopper may in an easy way be arranged in different angular orientations about a vertical axis according to requirements.
  • each peripheral mixing tool is driven by a respective direct drive motor arranged on the horizontal top cover by means of a respective intermediate flange piece arranged on the horizontal top cover and having a respective motor connection flange adapted to the respective angle of the peripheral mixer axis.
  • the mixing bowl is provided with an oblique top cover arranged below the horizontal top cover, each peripheral mixing tool is driven by a respective direct drive motor arranged on the oblique top cover by means of a respective intermediate flange piece arranged on the oblique top cover and having a respective motor connection flange adapted to the respective angle of the respective peripheral mixer axis.
  • the present invention further relates to a method of mixing sand, in accordance with claim 18, in a mixing bowl which is maintained stationarily on a support frame and includes a peripheral side wall and a bottom wall, whereby a central mixing tool is rotated about a central mixer axis of the mixing bowl and has a number of blades extending to the peripheral side wall and swiping over the bottom wall, and whereby at least one peripheral mixing tool is rotated about a peripheral mixer axis.
  • the method is characterised by that the mixing bowl is maintained in an inclined position on the support frame so that the central mixer axis of the mixing bowl is inclined at an angle to the vertical, by that a first cross-sectional plane extending through the mixing bowl and including both the central mixer axis and a horizontal line extending in a plane defining the bottom wall divides the mixing bowl into a lower part positioned relatively lower and a higher part positioned relatively higher, and by that at least one peripheral mixing tool is rotated in the lower part of the mixing bowl.
  • the central mixer axis of the mixing bowl is inclined at an angle of between 5 and 30 degrees, preferably of between 7 and 25 degrees, more preferred of between 8 and 20 degrees, and most preferred of between 9 and 15 degrees to the vertical.
  • two blades of the central mixing tool do not simultaneously pass two respective peripheral mixer axes of a pair of peripheral mixing tools.
  • the angular position about the central mixer axis of any other blade of the central mixing tool is not nearer than 3 degrees, preferably not nearer than 4 degrees, more preferred not nearer than 5 degrees and most preferred not nearer than 6 degrees, to a peripheral mixer axis of another peripheral mixing tool.
  • a first peripheral mixing tool is rotated about a first peripheral mixer axis at a first angular mixer position about the central mixer axis of the mixing bowl and a second peripheral mixing tool is rotated about a second peripheral mixer axis at a second angular mixer position about the central mixer axis of the mixing bowl, and the first and the second peripheral mixing tools are rotated in the lower part of the mixing bowl.
  • the central mixing tool rotates sand in the mixing bowl in a main rotational direction, thereby defining an upstream and a downstream direction in the mixing bowl, the first peripheral mixing tool meets sand upstream in relation to the second peripheral mixing tool, and the first angular mixer position differs from an angular position of the first cross-sectional plane by between 10 and 55 degrees, preferably by between 20 and 45 degrees, and most preferred by between 30 and 35 degrees.
  • the first peripheral mixing tool is arranged higher than the second peripheral mixing tool in relation to the bottom wall of the mixing bowl.
  • the central mixing tool rotates in a main rotational direction
  • the at least one peripheral mixing tool rotate in a rotational direction opposite to the main rotational direction.
  • the central mixing tool rotates in a main rotational direction
  • each blade of the central mixing tool extends from a central hub to a free end at the peripheral side wall of the mixing bowl, each blade curves from the central hub in a rotational direction opposite to the main rotational direction, and the free end of each blade is provided with a blade tip lifting sand in upward direction in relation to the bottom wall of the mixing bowl.
  • the respective peripheral mixer axes seen in respective radial cross-sectional views of the mixing bowl, form respective angles with the central mixer axis of at least 2 degrees, preferably at least 3 degrees, and most preferred at least 4 degrees, so that the lower ends of the peripheral mixing tools, respectively, are at least slightly pointed towards the central mixer axis.
  • the peripheral side wall is rotationally symmetric, such as composed by conical and/or cylindrical sections, about its central mixer axis, and wherein the central mixer axis is perpendicular to the bottom wall.
  • the peripheral side wall is a cylindrical wall
  • the bottom wall is arranged at right angles to the cylindrical wall
  • the central mixer axis of the peripheral side wall is a cylinder axis of the cylindrical wall.
  • a second cross-sectional plane through the mixing bowl including the central mixer axis and extending at right angles to the first cross-sectional plane defines a lowest point angular position in the lower part of the mixing bowl and a highest point angular position in the higher part of the mixing bowl, and, subsequent to sand mixing, the mixing bowl is emptied of sand through an outlet port arranged in the peripheral side wall, next to the bottom wall, at the lowest point angular position.
  • the mixing bowl is emptied by opening the outlet port, rotating the central mixing tool and at least substantially reducing the rotational speed of or stopping the first and second peripheral mixing tools.
  • the central mixing tool is provided with a central conical top part covering the upper end of a central mixing shaft on which the central mixing tool is mounted, and sand moves downward at the central part of the mixing bowl and slides down on the central conical top part and thereby is guided outwards to the blades of the central mixing tool at the bottom wall of the mixing bowl.
  • the mixing bowl is provided with a horizontal top cover in which a sand feed hopper is arranged.
  • a mounting opening in the horizontal top cover is adapted to the sand feed hopper so that the sand feed hopper may be arranged in at least four different angular orientations about a vertical axis.
  • each peripheral mixing tool is driven by a respective direct drive motors arranged on the horizontal top cover by means of a respective intermediate flange piece arranged on the horizontal top cover and having a respective motor connection flange adapted to the respective angle of the peripheral mixer axis.
  • the mixing bowl is provided with an oblique top cover arranged below the horizontal top cover, each peripheral mixing tool is driven by a respective direct drive motor arranged on the oblique top cover by means of a respective intermediate flange piece arranged on the oblique top cover and having a respective motor connection flange adapted to the respective angle of the respective peripheral mixer axis.
  • Fig. 2 illustrates a sand mixing device 1 having a mixing bowl 2 which is arranged stationarily on a support frame 3 and includes a peripheral side wall 4 and a bottom wall 5.
  • a central mixing tool 6 is arranged rotatably about a central mixer axis 7 of the mixing bowl 2 and has four blades 8 extending along the bottom wall 5 to the peripheral side wall 4.
  • a first peripheral mixing tool 9 is arranged rotatably about a first peripheral mixer axis 10 at a first angular mixer position P 1 about the central mixer axis 7 of the mixing bowl 2.
  • the first angular mixer position is located in the cross-section illustrated in Fig. 3 .
  • a second peripheral mixing tool 11 is arranged rotatably about a second peripheral mixer axis 12 at a second angular mixer position P 2 about the central mixer axis 7 of the mixing bowl 2.
  • the second angular mixer position is located in the cross-section illustrated in Fig. 2 .
  • the mixing bowl 2 is arranged in an inclined position on the support frame 3 so that the central mixer axis 7 of the mixing bowl is inclined at an angle M to the vertical.
  • the angle M is approximately 8 degrees.
  • the angle M may according to the invention be between 5 and 30 degrees, preferably between 7 and 25 degrees, more preferred between 8 and 20 degrees, and most preferred between 9 and 15 degrees.
  • the support frame 3 is provided with not shown feet or the like adapted to position the support frame 3 on a horizontally extending floor so that the mixing bowl 2 is inclined at said angle M to the vertical.
  • Fig. 1 is a top view of the sand mixing device 1 according to the present invention, seen obliquely from above in the direction of the central mixer axis 7.
  • Fig. 1 illustrates a first cross-sectional plane 13 extending through the mixing bowl 2 and including both the central mixer axis 7 and a not shown horizontal line extending in a plane defining the bottom wall 5.
  • the first cross-sectional plane 13 divides the mixing bowl 2 into a lower part 14 positioned relatively lower and a higher part 15 positioned relatively higher.
  • the first and the second peripheral mixing tools 9, 11 are arranged in the lower part 14 of the mixing bowl 2.
  • at least one peripheral mixing tool is arranged in the mixing bowl 2, and at least one of these peripheral mixing tools is arranged in the lower part 14 of the mixing bowl 2.
  • the central mixing tool 6 includes four blades 8 distributed evenly about the central mixer axis 7 of the mixing bowl 2. Neighbouring blades 8 thereby form a mutual angle of 90 degrees.
  • the first and second peripheral mixing tools 9, 11 are arranged so that the first and second angular mixer positions differ by an angle P 12 of approximately 83 degrees.
  • the first and the second peripheral mixing tools 9, 11 may be arranged so that the first and second angular mixer positions differ by an angle P 12 of between 73 and 87 degrees, preferably by between 78 and 85 degrees, and most preferred by between 82 and 84 degrees.
  • the central mixing tool 6 may include other numbers of blades 8 distributed evenly about the central mixer axis 7 so that neighbouring blades form a certain mutual angle.
  • the first and the second peripheral mixing tools 9, 11 are arranged so that the first and second angular mixer positions P 1 , P 2 differ by an angle P 12 that is different from an integer multiple of the certain mutual angle of the neighbouring blades 8 of the central mixing tool 6.
  • a greater number of peripheral mixing tools is arranged, such as three, four or even more peripheral mixing tools, these are arranged so that the mutual angle between any pair of peripheral mixing tools is different from an integer multiple of the certain mutual angle of the neighbouring blades of the central mixing tool.
  • the peripheral mixing tools are arranged so that the mutual angle between any pair of peripheral mixing tools differs more than 3 per cent, preferably more than 5 per cent, and most preferred more than 7 per cent, from an integer multiple of the certain mutual angle of the neighbouring blades of the central mixing tool.
  • the above-mentioned undesirable counter-phase effect may be substantially reduced or avoided.
  • the central mixing tool 6 is adapted to rotate sand in the mixing bowl 2 in a main rotational direction R, thereby defining an upstream and a downstream direction in the mixing bowl 2.
  • the first peripheral mixing tool 9 is located upstream in relation to the second peripheral mixing tool 12.
  • the first angular mixer position P 1 is between 10 and 55 degrees, preferably between 20 and 45 degrees, and most preferred between 30 and 35 degrees.
  • the first angular mixer position P 1 is 32 degrees
  • the second angular mixer position P 2 is 115 degrees.
  • the first peripheral mixing tool 9 is arranged higher than the second peripheral mixing tool 11 in relation to the bottom wall 5 of the mixing bowl 2.
  • the central mixing tool 6 is adapted to rotate in the main rotational direction R
  • the first and second peripheral mixing tools 9, 11 are adapted to rotate in a rotational direction r opposite to the main rotational direction R.
  • the main rotational direction R is counter clockwise.
  • the central mixing tool 6 is adapted to rotate in the main rotational direction R, and as illustrated in Fig. 10 , each blade 8 of the central mixing tool 6 extends from a central hub 16 to a free end 17 at the peripheral side wall 4 of the mixing bowl 2 so that each blade 8 curves from the central hub 16 in a rotational direction opposite to the main rotational direction R. Thereby, two opposed blades 8 together makes an S-formed configuration.
  • the free end 17 of each blade 8 is provided with a blade tip 18 having an upper face 49 slanting towards the bottom wall 5 of the mixing bowl 2 in the main rotational direction R. During mixing of sand, the blade tips may lift sand in upward direction in relation to the bottom wall 5 of the mixing bowl 2.
  • the respective angles m equal 5 degrees; however, generally, according to the present invention, the angles may be at least 2 degrees, preferably at least 3 degrees, and most preferred at least 4 degrees.
  • the peripheral side wall 4 of the mixing bowl 2 is a cylindrical wall
  • the bottom wall is arranged at right angles to the cylindrical wall
  • the central mixer axis 7 of the peripheral side wall 4 and of the mixing bowl 2 is a cylinder axis of the cylindrical wall.
  • the peripheral side wall 4 is rotationally symmetric, such as composed by conical and/or cylindrical sections, about its central mixer axis 7.
  • the central mixer axis 7 is preferably perpendicular to the bottom wall 5.
  • Fig. 1 further illustrates a second cross-sectional plane 19 extending through the mixing bowl 2, including the central mixer axis 7 and extending at right angles to the first cross-sectional plane 13.
  • the second cross-sectional plane 19 defines a lowest point angular position L P of the bottom wall 5 in the lower part 14 of the mixing bowl 2 and a highest point angular position H P of the bottom wall 5 in the higher part 15 of the mixing bowl 2.
  • An outlet port 20 is arranged in the peripheral side wall 4, next to the bottom wall 5, at the lowest point angular position L P .
  • the sand mixing device 1 is controlled to, subsequent to sand mixing, empty the mixing bowl 2 by opening the outlet port 20, rotating the central mixing tool 6 and at least substantially reducing the rotational speed of or stopping the first and second peripheral mixing tools 9, 11. Rotation of the central mixing tool 6 may facilitate the emptying operation, whereas rotation of the first and/or the second peripheral mixing tool 9, 11 in some circumstances may slow down the emptying operation.
  • the central mixing tool 6 is provided with a central conical top part 22 covering the upper end of a central mixing shaft 23 on which the central mixing tool 6 is mounted.
  • a central conical top part 22 covering the upper end of a central mixing shaft 23 on which the central mixing tool 6 is mounted.
  • sand moves downward at the central part of the mixing bowl 2 and slides down on the central conical top part 22 and is thereby guided outwards to the blades 8 of the central mixing tool 6 at the bottom wall 5 of the mixing bowl 2.
  • the central mixing tool 6 is driven by means of a drive motor 46 via an angular gearbox 47.
  • the mixing bowl 2 is provided with a horizontal top cover 24 in which a sand feed hopper 25 also denoted a batch hopper is arranged. It is noted that in Figs. 6 and 8 , the central mixing tool 6 has not been mounted.
  • a mounting opening 26 is adapted to fit a substantially rectangular bottom part of the sand feed hopper 25 so that the sand feed hopper 25 may be arranged in at least four different angular orientations about a vertical axis.
  • the orientation of the sand feed hopper 25 may conveniently be adapted to the position of a sand conveyor adapted to fill sand into the sand feed hopper 25. In the configuration illustrated in Figs.
  • the sand feed hopper 25 has been rotated 90 degrees about said vertical axis in relation to the configuration illustrated in Figs. 6 and 7 .
  • the mounting opening 26 may have different forms in order to fit the sand feed hopper 25 so that the sand feed hopper 25 may be rotated to be mounted in different positions.
  • the mounting opening 26 is at least substantially square-formed.
  • the bottom part of the sand feed hopper 25 is circular, and the corresponding mounting opening 26 is circular.
  • the sand feed hopper 25 is in a well-known way provided with three not shown weighing cells. When the required weight of sand has been achieved in the sand feed hopper 25, this is detected by the weighing cells, and a bottom door of the sand feed hopper 25 is opened by means of a pneumatic cylinder so that the sand is fed into the sand mixing device 1.
  • the sand mixing device 1 is furthermore provided with a not shown water supply including a water tank large enough to contain the amount required for at least one batch operation of the sand mixing device, for instance 100 litres.
  • the water tank is also provided with a number of weighing cells so that the weight of water present in the water tank may be weighed continuously as the water is supplied from the tank to the mixing bowl 2.
  • a relatively large amount of water such as 90 kilogrammes, estimated to be almost enough for the required humidity of the sand, is filled into the mixing bowl via a relatively large control valve.
  • This is preferably done simultaneously with the sand filling operation.
  • This relatively large amount of water may for instance be supplied to the mixing bowl within 15 seconds.
  • the relatively large control valve may provide fast water filling.
  • the sand humidity in the mixing bowl 2 is measured and a required additional sand weight is calculated.
  • a relatively small amount of water such as 4 kilogrammes, estimated to be enough for the required humidity of the sand, is filled into the mixing bowl via a relatively small control valve.
  • the relatively small control valve may provide precision.
  • each peripheral mixing tool 9, 11 is driven by a respective direct drive motor 27, 28 arranged on the horizontal top cover 24 by means of a respective intermediate flange piece 29, 30 arranged on the horizontal top cover 24 and having a respective motor connection flange 31, 32 adapted to the respective angle of the respective peripheral mixer axis 10, 12.
  • the direct drive motors 27, 28 are relatively compact compared to prior art belt drives, this arrangement facilitates the above-mentioned design of the sand feed hopper 25 whereby the sand feed hopper 25 may be arranged in different angular orientations about a vertical axis.
  • the direct drive motors provide for easier maintenance than belt drives.
  • the mixing bowl 2 is provided with an oblique top cover 33 arranged below the horizontal top cover 24.
  • Each peripheral mixing tool 9, 11 is driven by a respective direct drive motor 27, 28 arranged on the oblique top cover 33 by means of a respective intermediate flange piece 34, 35 arranged on the oblique top cover 33 and having a respective motor connection flange 36, 37 adapted to the respective angle of the respective peripheral mixer axis 10, 12.
  • Each peripheral mixing tool 9, 11 is connected to the respective drive motor 27, 28 by means of a respective flexible coupling 38.
  • Figs. 12 and 13 illustrate simulated comparative test results regarding power consumption for sand mixing devices having a mixing capacity of approximately 3000 kilogrammes per batch.
  • Fig. 13 is a graphical representation of the power consumption for the sand mixing device 1 according to the present invention as illustrated in Figs. 1 to 3 .
  • Fig. 12 is a corresponding graphical representation of the power consumption for a prior art sand mixing device corresponding in size and sand mixing capacity to the sand mixing device 1 illustrated in Figs. 1 to 3 and having a corresponding central mixing tool, but having a mixing bowl arranged vertically so that the central mixer axis is vertical, and having two peripheral mixing tools arranged diametrically opposed in relation to the central mixer axis.
  • the central mixing tool of both tested sand mixing devices rotated at approximately 26 rpm.
  • the peripheral mixing tools of the prior art device rotated at approximately 1200 rpm, and the peripheral mixing tools of the sand mixing device 1 according to the present invention rotated at approximately 1000 rpm.
  • the first angular mixer position P 1 is 32 degrees
  • the first and second angular mixer positions differ by an angle P 12 of approximately 83 degrees
  • the mixing bowl is inclined at an angle M of approximately 8 degrees to the vertical
  • the first and second peripheral mixer axes 10, 11 form respective angles m of approximately 5 degrees with the central mixer axis 7.
  • the peripheral mixer axes of the peripheral mixing tools of the prior art device form respective angles of approximately 2 degrees with the central mixer axis.
  • Fig. 12 illustrates the power consumption of the central mixing tool by means of the curve 39 and the average thereof by means of the line 40. Furthermore, Fig. 12 illustrates the power consumption of one of the peripheral mixing tools by means of the curve 41 and the average thereof by means of the line 42.
  • Fig. 12 it is seen that in the prior art sand mixing device, the central mixing tool consumes an average of approximately 140 kilowatt, and the two peripheral mixing tools consume a total average of approximately 115 kilowatt (each peripheral mixing tool consumes slightly less than 60 kilowatt). This makes a total average power consumption for the prior art sand mixing device of approximately 255 kilowatt.
  • Fig. 13 illustrates the power consumption of the central mixing tool 6 by means of the curve 43. Furthermore, Fig. 13 illustrates the power consumption of the first peripheral mixing tool 9 by means of the curve 44 and the power consumption of the second peripheral mixing tool 11 by means of the curve 45.
  • Fig. 13 it is seen that in the sand mixing device 1 according to the present invention, the central mixing tool 6 consumes an average of approximately 130 kilowatt, and the two peripheral mixing tools 9, 11 consume a total average of approximately 100 kilowatt (each peripheral mixing tool consumes approximately 50 kilowatt). This makes a total average power consumption for the sand mixing device 1 according to the present invention of approximately 230 kilowatt.
  • a result of the simulated comparative test is that the sand mixing device 1 according to the present invention consumes 10 per cent less power than the prior art sand mixing device.
  • the mixing time required to achieve a satisfactory mixing result was also reduced from the prior art sand mixing device to the sand mixing device 1 according to the present invention.
  • the prior art sand mixing device requires 120 seconds of mixing to obtain a satisfactory result
  • the sand mixing device 1 according to the present invention only requires 110 seconds.
  • the sand mixing device 1 may perform the sand and water filling operation in approximately 10 seconds which is generally faster than standard prior art procedures which depend on tap pressure in that water is simply supplied from a tap.
  • the sand mixing device 1 may perform the emptying operation in approximately 20 seconds compared to approximately 30 seconds for the prior art sand mixing device.
  • the total batch processing time for the sand mixing device 1 according to the present invention may be reduced by at least 10 to 15 per cent compared to the prior art sand mixing device.
  • the sand or particulate material may typically be so-called green sand (also called clay bound sand), i.e. moulding material based on quartz sand, clay, coal dust and water.
  • green sand also called clay bound sand
  • other particulate materials and binder systems may be applied.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Mixers Of The Rotary Stirring Type (AREA)

Claims (18)

  1. Sandmischvorrichtung (1) mit einem Mischbecken (2), das stationär auf einem Stützrahmen (3) angeordnet ist und eine periphere Seitenwand (4) und eine Bodenwand (5) erfasst, sowie ein zentrales Mischtool (6), das um eine zentrale Mischerachse (7) des Mischbeckens (2) drehbar angeordnet ist und eine Anzahl von Blättern (8) hat, die sich entlang der Bodenwand (5) zur peripheren Seitenwand (4) erstrecken, und wenigstens ein peripheres Mischtool (9, 11) um eine periphere Mischerachse (10, 12) drehbar angeordnet ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Mischbecken (2) in einer geneigten Position auf dem Stützrahmen (3) angeordnet ist, so dass die zentrale Mischerachse (7) des Mischbeckens (2) geneigt ist in einem Winkel in Lotrichtung, insofern als eine erste Querschnittsebene (13) sich durch das Mischbecken (2) erstreckt und sowohl die zentrale Mischerachse (7) erfasst und eine waagerechte Linie, die sich in einer Ebene, die die Bodenwand (5) absteckt, erstreckt, die das Mischbecken (2) in einen relativ tiefer angeordneten unteren Teil (14) und einen relativ höher angeordneten oberen Teil (15) aufteilt, und wobei wenigstens ein peripheres Mischtool (9, 11) im unteren Teil (14) des Mischbeckens (2) angeordnet ist.
  2. Sandmischvorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, wobei die zentrale Mischerachse (7) des Mischbeckens (2) in einem Winkel (M) von zwischen 5 und 30 Grad geneigt ist, bevorzugt zwischen 7 und 25 Grad, mehr bevorzugt zwischen 8 und 20 Grad, und noch mehr bevorzugt zwischen 9 und 15 Grad in Lotrichtung.
  3. Sandmischvorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, wobei die Blätter (8) des zentralen Mischtools (6) um die zentrale Mischerachse (7) des Mischbeckens (2) gleichmässig verteilt sind, wobei benachbarte Blätter (8) dadurch einen gewissen gegenseitigen Winkel formen, und wobei das wenigstens eine periphere Mischtool (9, 11) so angeordnet ist, dass der gegenseitige Winkel zwischen einem jeglichen Paar von peripheren Mischtools (9, 11) verschieden ist vom ganzzahligen Vielfachen des gewissen gegenseitigen Winkels der benachbarten Blätter (8) des zentralen Mischtools (6).
  4. Sandmischvorrichtung nach einem jeglichen der vorherstehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Sandmischvorrichtung (1) ein erstes peripheres Mischtool (9) erfasst, das um eine erste periphere Mischerachse (10) drehbar angeordnet ist in einer ersten winkligen Mischerposition (P1) um die zentrale Mischerachse (7) des Mischbeckens (2) sowie ein zweites peripheres Mischtool (11), das um eine zweite periphere Mischerachse (12) drehbar angeordnet ist in einer zweiten winkligen Mischerposition (P2) um die zentrale Mischerachse (7) des Mischbeckens (2), und wobei das erste und das zweite periphere Mischtool (9, 11) im unteren Teil (14) des Mischbeckens (2) angeordnet sind.
  5. Sandmischvorrichtung nach Anspruch 4, wobei das zentrale Mischtool (6) vier Blätter (8) erfasst, die gleichmässig um die zentrale Mischerachse (7) des Mischbeckens (2) verteilt sind, wobei benachbarte Blätter (8) dabei einen gegenseitigen Winkel von 90 Grad formen, und wobei das erste und das zweite periphere Mischtool (9, 11) so angeordnet sind, dass die erste und die zweite winklige Mischerposition (P1, P2) sich um zwischen 73 und 87 Grad unterscheiden, bevorzugt um zwischen 78 und 85 Grad, und noch mehr bevorzugt um zwischen 82 und 84 Grad.
  6. Sandmischvorrichtung nach Anspruch 4 oder 5, wobei das zentrale Mischtool (6) dafür angepasst ist, im Mischbecken (2) Sand in eine primäre Drehrichtung (R) zu rotieren, wodurch eine Anströmungs- und eine Abströmungsrichtung im Mischbecken (2) festgelegt werden, wobei das erste periphere Mischtool (9) stromauf im Verhältnis zum zweiten peripheren Mischtool (11) verortet ist, und wobei die erste winklige Mischerposition (P1) sich von einer winkligen Position der ersten Querschnittsebene (13) um zwischen 10 und 55 Grad unterscheiden, bevorzugt um zwischen 20 und 45 Grad, und noch mehr bevorzugt um zwischen 30 und 35 Grad.
  7. Sandmischvorrichtung nach Anspruch 6, wobei das erste periphere Mischtool (9) höher als das zweite periphere Mischtool (11) angeordnet ist im Verhältnis zur Bodenwand (5) des Mischbeckens (2).
  8. Sandmischvorrichtung nach einem jeglichen der vorherstehenden Ansprüche, wobei das zentrale Mischtool (6) dafür angepasst ist, in eine primäre Drehrichtung (R) zu rotieren, und wobei das wenigstens eine periphere Mischtool (9, 11) dafür angepasst ist, in eine zur primären Drehrichtung (R) entgegengesetzte Drehrichtung (r) zu rotieren.
  9. Sandmischvorrichtung nach einem jeglichen der vorherstehenden Ansprüche, wobei das zentrale Mischtool (6) dafür angepasst ist in eine primäre Drehrichtung (R) zu rotieren, wobei jedes Blatt (8) des zentralen Mischtools (6) sich von einem zentralen Hub (16) bis ein freies Endstück (17) an der peripheren Seitenwand (4) des Mischbeckens (2) erstreckt, wobei jedes Blatt (8) sich vom zentralen Hub (16) biegt in eine zur primären Drehrichtung (R) entgegengesetzte Drehrichtung, und wobei das freie Endstück (17) jedes Blattes (8) mit einer Blattspitze (18) ausgestattet ist, die eine obere Fläche (49) hat, die gegen die Bodenwand (5) des Mischbeckens (2) in die primäre Drehrichtung (R) neigt.
  10. Sandmischvorrichtung nach einem jeglichen der vorherstehenden Ansprüche, wobei die gegebenen peripheren Mischerachsen (10, 12), in gegebenen radialen Schnittdarstellungen des Mischbeckens (2) gesehen, gegebene Winkel formen mit der zentralen Mischerachse (7) von wenigstens 2 Grad, bevorzugt wenigstens 3 Grad, und noch mehr bevorzugt wenigstens 4 Grad, so dass die gegebenen tieferen Endstücke des peripheren Mischtools (9, 11) wenigstens ein wenig gezeigt sind in Richtung auf die zentrale Mischerachse (7).
  11. Sandmischvorrichtung nach einem jeglichen der vorherstehenden Ansprüche, wobei die periphere Seitenwand (4) drehsymmetrisch, wie etwa aus konischen und/oder zylindrischen Teilstücken bestehend, um ihre zentrale Mischerachse (7) ist, und wobei die zentrale Mischerachse (7) senkrecht zur Bodenwand (5) ist.
  12. Sandmischvorrichtung nach einem jeglichen der vorherstehenden Ansprüche, wobei eine zweite Querschnittsebene (19) durch das Mischbecken (2), die die zentrale Mischerachse (7) erfasst und sich rechtwinklig zur ersten Querschnittsebene (13) erstreckt, eine am niedrigsten Punkt winklige Position (LP) im unteren Teil (14) des Mischbeckens (2) und eine am höchsten Punkt winklige Position (HP) im oberen Teil (15) des Mischbeckens (2) absteckt, und wobei eine Auslassöffnung (20) in der peripheren Seitenwand (4) angeordnet ist, neben der Bodenwand (5), in der am niedrigsten Punkt winkligen Position (LP).
  13. Sandmischvorrichtung nach Anspruch 12, wobei die Sandmischvorrichtung (1) zu einer Entleerung des Mischbeckens (2) gesteuert wird durch Öffnen der Auslassöffnung (20), Drehen des zentralen Mischtools (6) und wenigstens in Wesentlichen die Drehgeschwindigkeit des ersten und zweiten peripheren Mischtools (9, 11) zu vermindern oder beenden.
  14. Sandmischvorrichtung nach einem jeglichen der vorherstehenden Ansprüche, wobei das Mischbecken (2) mit einer waagerechten Oberabdeckung (24) versehen ist worin einen Sandfülltrichter (25) angeordnet ist.
  15. Sandmischvorrichtung nach Anspruch 17, wobei eine Montageöffnung (26) in der waagerechten Oberabdeckung (24) dem Sandfülltrichter (25) angepasst ist so dass der Sandfülltrichter in wenigstens vier verschiedenen Winkelausrichtungen um eine senkrechte Achse angeordnet werden kann.
  16. Sandmischvorrichtung nach Anspruch 14 oder 15, wobei jedes periphere Mischtool (9, 11) von einem gegebenen Direktantriebsmotor (27, 28) getrieben wird, der auf der waagerechten Oberabdeckung (24) angeordnet ist mittels eines gegebenen Zwischenflanschstück (29, 30), das auf der waagerechten Oberabdeckung (24) angeordnet ist und einen gegebenen Motorverbindungsflansch (31, 32) hat, der zum gegebenen Winkel der gegebenen peripheren Mischerachse (10, 12) angepasst ist.
  17. Sandmischvorrichtung nach Anspruch 14 oder 15, wobei das Mischbecken (2) mit einer schrägen Oberabdeckung (33) versehen ist, die unter der waagerechten Oberabdeckung (24) angeordnet ist, wobei jedes periphere Mischtool (9, 11) von einem gegebenen Direktantriebsmotor (27, 28) getrieben wird, der auf der schrägen Oberabdeckung (33) angeordnet ist mittels eines gegebenen Zwischenflanschstück (34, 35), das auf der schrägen Oberabdeckung angeordnet ist und einen gegebenen Motorverbindungsflansch (36, 37) hat, der zum gegebenen Winkel der gegebenen peripheren Mischerachse (10, 12) angepasst ist.
  18. Verfahren zum Mischen von Sand in einem Mischbecken (2), das stationär auf einem Stützrahmen (3) festgemacht ist und eine periphere Seitenwand (4) sowie eine Bodenwand (5) erfasst, wobei ein zentrales Mischtool (6) um eine zentrale Mischerachse (7) des Mischbeckens gedreht wird und eine Anzahl von Blättern (8) hat, die sich bis zur peripheren Seitenwand (4) erstrecken und über die Bodenwand (5) streifen, und wobei wenigstens ein peripheres Mischtool (9, 11) um eine periphere Mischerachse (10, 12) gedreht wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Mischbecken (2) festgemacht ist in einer geneigten Position auf dem Stützrahmen (3), so das die zentrale Mischerachse (7) des Mischbeckens (2) geneigt ist in einem Winkel in Lotrichtung, insofern als eine erste Querschnittsebene (13), die sich durch das Mischbecken (2) erstreckt und sowohl die zentrale Mischerachse (7) und eine waagerecht Linie erfasst, die sich in eine Ebene erstreckt und die Bodenwand (5) absteckt, das Mischbecken (2) in einen relativ tiefer angeordneten unteren Teil (14) und einen relativ höher angeordneten oberen Teil (15) aufteilt, und wobei wenigstens ein peripheres Mischtool (9, 11) im unteren Teil (14) des Mischbeckens (2) gedreht wird.
EP15767268.4A 2015-07-29 2015-07-29 Sandmischvorrichtung und verfahren zum mischen von sand Active EP3328529B1 (de)

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PCT/IB2015/055719 WO2017017497A1 (en) 2015-07-29 2015-07-29 Sand mixing device and method of mixing sand

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US3770251A (en) * 1971-11-08 1973-11-06 F Herfeld Apparatus for mixing plastics materials and the like during processing thereof
DE2318692B1 (de) * 1973-04-13 1974-08-08 Badische Maschinenfabrik Gmbh, 7500 Karlsruhe Mischer für Formsand
NL7807794A (en) * 1978-07-20 1978-11-30 Nautamix Patent Ag Mixing device for liquid and solid phases - employs gas injection to fluidise mix and reduce agitator load
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