EP3318672A1 - Strassenmöbel zur luftreinigung im freien - Google Patents

Strassenmöbel zur luftreinigung im freien Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3318672A1
EP3318672A1 EP16197676.6A EP16197676A EP3318672A1 EP 3318672 A1 EP3318672 A1 EP 3318672A1 EP 16197676 A EP16197676 A EP 16197676A EP 3318672 A1 EP3318672 A1 EP 3318672A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
air
street furniture
cleaning device
air cleaning
module
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP16197676.6A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Matthew Johnson
Siamak Ardkapan
Reza Ansarishirvan
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Airlabs Bv
Original Assignee
Airlabs Bv
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Airlabs Bv filed Critical Airlabs Bv
Priority to EP16197676.6A priority Critical patent/EP3318672A1/de
Priority to CN201780073944.3A priority patent/CN110023567A/zh
Priority to PCT/EP2017/078424 priority patent/WO2018087068A1/en
Publication of EP3318672A1 publication Critical patent/EP3318672A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01CCONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C1/00Design or layout of roads, e.g. for noise abatement, for gas absorption
    • E01C1/005Means permanently installed along the road for removing or neutralising exhaust gases
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24FAIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F8/00Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying
    • F24F8/10Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering
    • F24F8/108Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering using dry filter elements
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01FADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
    • E01F8/00Arrangements for absorbing or reflecting air-transmitted noise from road or railway traffic
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01FADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
    • E01F9/00Arrangement of road signs or traffic signals; Arrangements for enforcing caution
    • E01F9/60Upright bodies, e.g. marker posts or bollards; Supports for road signs
    • E01F9/658Upright bodies, e.g. marker posts or bollards; Supports for road signs characterised by means for fixing
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24FAIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F8/00Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying
    • F24F8/10Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24FAIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F8/00Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying
    • F24F8/95Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying specially adapted for specific purposes
    • F24F8/99Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying specially adapted for specific purposes for treating air sourced from urban areas, e.g. from streets

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to street furniture with an integrated air cleaning device, such as a bench comprising an integrated air cleaning device, and including other types of street furniture such as bill boards, railings, and lamp posts. Furthermore, the present invention concerns a method for cleaning ambient air, as well as use of street furniture for cleaning ambient air. Moreover, an arm rest module comprising an air cleaning device is also part of the present invention.
  • Street furniture includes the objects and pieces of equipment installed on streets and roads. Street furniture includes benches, light poles, advertising boards, street signs, railings, public lavatories, phone and post boxes, traffic barriers and bus shelters.
  • the aims of street furniture include safety, and services like shelter, information, comfort and beauty to people using the street.
  • Air purifiers remove pollution from air. They mainly comprise a fan, one or more filters and a box for housing the fan and the filter. Many filtration methods are known such as mechanical filtration, adsorption and electrostatic filtration.
  • the present invention concerns street furniture, such as a bench, an advertising board, a bill board, a lamp post, a railing, a wall mounted unit, a sun shade, light poles, street signs, public lavatories, phone and post boxes, traffic barriers, bus shelters and a sound barrier comprising an air cleaning unit integrated into the street furniture wherein the unit comprises an air cleaning device capable of drawing ambient air into the unit and a system for emitting cleaned air from the air cleaning device to the air surrounding the street furniture.
  • the street furniture is selected from an advertising or bill board suitable for paper posters or digital displays comprising a metal frame, such as a steel frame, having a height of up to 2 meters, a railing, a lamp post and a bench.
  • a metal frame such as a steel frame, having a height of up to 2 meters, a railing, a lamp post and a bench.
  • the present invention relates to street furniture suitable for people to rest by sitting or lying down comprising
  • Such street furniture is commonly referred to as a bench.
  • the air cleaning device is capable of cleaning polluted air including exhaust gases, such as NOx and SOx, fine particles, ozone, particulate matter, volatile organic compounds, urban pollutants and naturally occurring compounds.
  • the ambient air is drawn into the air cleaning device of the street furniture through at least one air inlet and at least one means for transporting air flows, such as a fan or wind power.
  • the air cleaning device comprises a system selected from the group consisting of gas phase advanced oxidation (GPAO), and filters, such as active carbon filters, gas adsorbing filters, electrostatic filters, and fabric filters.
  • GPAO gas phase advanced oxidation
  • filters such as active carbon filters, gas adsorbing filters, electrostatic filters, and fabric filters.
  • GPAO gas phase advanced oxidation
  • filters such as active carbon filters, gas adsorbing filters, electrostatic filters, and fabric filters.
  • filters such as selected from a combination of GPAO and an electrostatic filter, or a combination of active carbon filter and a fabric filter, or one GPAO or one filter.
  • the cleaned air is directed at the people resting on the street furniture or in close vicinity, such as up to 5 meters, of the street furniture by at least one means for transporting air flows, such as a fan.
  • the street furniture further having an arm rest module comprising an air cleaning device capable of drawing ambient air into the arm rest module.
  • the source of emitting cleaned air is located in the arm rest module, in the back rest module and/or in the seating module, comprising a means for transporting air flows, such as a fan.
  • the back rest element is flat or has a curved shape, such as a concave shape, for people to rest their backs against the flat or curve shaped back rest element.
  • the street furniture further comprising a sensor for monitoring ambient air pollution, clean air or both.
  • the sensor is located inside the street furniture.
  • a sensor is located on each side of the air cleaning device(s) inside the street furniture.
  • the present invention concerns a method for cleaning ambient air surrounding street furniture, the method comprising: drawing ambient polluted air into the street furniture of the present invention, cleaning the air inside the street furniture, and directing the cleaned air to the area around the street furniture.
  • the present invention concerns use of street furniture for cleaning polluted air by drawing ambient polluted air into the street furniture of the present invention, cleaning the air inside the street furniture, and directing the cleaned air to the surrounding of the street furniture.
  • the present invention concerns an arm rest module comprising
  • the present invention provides these advantages with the described solution.
  • the present invention concerns street furniture, such as a bench, an advertising board, a bill board, a lamp post, a railing, a wall mounted unit, a sun shade, light poles, street signs, public lavatories, phone and post boxes, traffic barriers, bus shelters and a sound barrier comprising an air cleaning unit integrated with the street furniture wherein the unit comprises an air cleaning device capable of drawing ambient air into the unit and a source of emitting cleaned air from the air cleaning device to the air surrounding the street furniture.
  • air cleaning device means a device that is configured to draw air into the device wherein the air is cleaned from pollution, such as by leading the air through a filter removing the pollution or part of the pollution, and then typically via an air diffuser is emitted out of the device, for instance by means of a fan or similar means.
  • pollution such as by leading the air through a filter removing the pollution or part of the pollution, and then typically via an air diffuser is emitted out of the device, for instance by means of a fan or similar means.
  • Typical construction of such air cleaning devices is known to the skilled person and the air cleaning devices may be built into the street furniture.
  • the air cleaning device is adapted to receive current from for instance a power cable.
  • integrated with means that the unit may be located completely inside the street furniture, or is partly integrated which means that parts of the unit may protrude from the furniture if that is considered suitable. Integrated as used herein could also simply mean that the unit is mounted and fixed to the furniture by means of bolts, nails, glue or the like.
  • street furniture When using the term "street furniture" one or more pieces of furniture are placed out in the open air, and typically, located in a city with pollution, such as in a park or close to other facilities, such as railways, highways, where pollution is a common problem.
  • Examples of street furniture are a bench, an advertising board, a bill board, a lamp post, a railing, a wall mounted unit, a sun shade, light poles, street signs, public lavatories, phone and post boxes, traffic barriers, bus shelters and a sound barrier.
  • such board typically includes a metal frame.
  • the frame is a steel frame.
  • the metal frame may be from 0.5 meter to 3 meters in height, such as having a height of up to 2 meters.
  • Railings are typically located on bridges or as part of stairs in a city or a park, or can be hand rails.
  • the street furniture may also be a lamp post.
  • the air cleaning unit is a circular cylinder shaped unit to be mounted on a pole of the lamp post, so that the pole extends through the cylinder shaped unit.
  • the pole may have two circular air cleaning units mounted thereon.
  • the air cleaning unit such as two air cleaning units, is mounted in the lower part of the lamp pole, close to the ground, typically in the lower half, and preferably in the lower third of the lamp pole of the lamp post.
  • the street furniture may also be a sun shade.
  • the air cleaning unit is mounted on the sun shade and is configured to clean the air inside the unit, and directing the cleaned air to the surrounding of the sun shade.
  • Sun shades that could be used in connection with the present invention are available from SL-Rasch GmbH Special and Lightweight Structures; see e.g. http://www.sl-rasch.com/
  • the present invention relates to street furniture suitable for people to rest by sitting or lying down comprising
  • the back rest module comprises an air cleaning device
  • the street furniture is a bench.
  • a rest element as used herein means an element for people to rest on by sitting or lying down as the case may be.
  • the rest element is typically composed of one or more seating modules, which may be made of wood or steel or plastic, as the case may be.
  • the term “seating module” is a part of the resting element, and merely indicates that for convenience the resting element is not one element.
  • Each of the seating modules may be attached to one another by means of nails, bolts, glue, or the like.
  • a back rest element as used herein means an element of any suitable shape that it is possible for people to lean their back against to rest or simply to feel comfortable having back support.
  • the back rest element is typically composed of one or more back rest modules, which may be made of wood or steel or plastic as the case may be.
  • back rest module is a part of the back rest element, and merely indicates that for convenience the back rest element is not one element.
  • Each of the back rest modules may be attached to one another by means of nails, bolts, glue, or the like.
  • a source of emitting cleaned air means a device configured to push or draw air from inside the air cleaning device to the air surrounding the street furniture, such as a fan, or by wind power, by buoyancy or the like.
  • the resting element a) has at least one seating module, such as 1-4, typically 4.
  • the seating module has from 1 to 4 cleaning devices, such as 2 or 3. Not all seating modules may have a cleaning device incorporated and preferably, 2 air cleaning devices are present inside 2 seating modules, that is one in each.
  • the back rest element b) has at least one back rest module, such as 1 or 2, typically 1.
  • the back rest module has from 1 to 6 cleaning devices, such as 2-5, e.g. 4 or 5.
  • one back rest module is present up to 5 air cleaning devices can be present inside the back rest module.
  • 5 air cleaning devices are located inside the back rest module.
  • At least one air cleaning device of the seating module and at least one air cleaning device of the back rest module are present.
  • the air cleaning device is capable of cleaning polluted air comprising exhaust gases, such as NOx and SOx, fine particles, ozone, particulate matter, volatile organic compounds, urban pollutants and naturally occurring compounds.
  • exhaust gases such as NOx and SOx, fine particles, ozone, particulate matter, volatile organic compounds, urban pollutants and naturally occurring compounds.
  • preferred pollutants being reduced are volatile organic compounds (VOCs), NOx and SOx, as well as ozone, fine and ultrafine particles.
  • VOCs volatile organic compounds
  • NOx and SOx as well as ozone, fine and ultrafine particles.
  • NOx and particles are generated by diesel engines and due to that these pollutants should be removed from the ambient air to have a clean air.
  • the ambient air is drawn into the air cleaning device of the street furniture through at least one air inlet and at least one means for transporting air flows.
  • the ambient air is drawn into the air cleaning device of the street furniture through a fan or by wind power, such as a fan.
  • 7 or 8 air cleaning devices are present in total, e.g. 2-3 in the seating element and 4-5 in the back rest element.
  • the air cleaning device comprises a cleaning unit selected from the group consisting of gas phase advanced oxidation (GPAO) and filters.
  • GPAO gas phase advanced oxidation
  • filters are active carbon filters, gas adsorbing filters, electrostatic filters, and fabric filters. Each of these filters constitute individual embodiments of the invention.
  • the cleaned air is directed at the people resting on the street furniture or in close vicinity of the street furniture by at least one means for transporting air flows, such as a fan.
  • a fan typically, close vicinity means up to 5 or 6 meters from the furniture.
  • one fan is included in each air cleaning device, but two may be present.
  • the fan is typically an axial fan, a cross flow fan or a centrifugal fan.
  • the street furniture such as the bench may have arm rests for people to rest, for instance, by putting their arms on the arm rests.
  • the street furniture is constructed so that arm rests in the form of arm rest modules can be integrated in the bench.
  • the back rest element or each of the back rest modules is adapted to receive an arm rest module, which comprises an air cleaning device.
  • an arm rest module which comprises an air cleaning device.
  • 3-5 arm rest modules are present and each arm rest module comprises an air cleaning device capable of drawing ambient air into the arm rest module.
  • each arm rest module contains one air cleaning device.
  • the source of emitting cleaned air is located in the arm rest module, in the back rest module and/or in the seating module, and comprises a means for transporting air flows, such as a fan.
  • the source of emitting cleaned air is located in at least one of these modules, and maybe located in two or all three, which means that each module has a source, preferably one source of emitting cleaned air.
  • the source of emitting cleaned air is located in the arm rest module.
  • the source of emitting cleaned air is located in the back rest module.
  • the source of emitting cleaned air is located in the seating module.
  • the source of emitting cleaned air is located in both the arm rest module and in the back rest module.
  • the source of emitting cleaned air is located in both the arm rest module and in the seating module.
  • the source of emitting cleaned air is located in the arm rest module, in the back rest module and in the seating module.
  • the street furniture such as the bench has a back rest element, and typically one or two back rest modules on top of one another will constitute the back rest element.
  • Such back rest element may have many shapes as long as it is suitable for people to rest their back against.
  • the back rest element is flat.
  • the back rest element has a curved shape, such as a concave shape.
  • the concave shape has the advantage of better concentrating the cleaned air in close vicinity of the people on the bench, in particular in the space defined by the curved shape and comprising the resting element.
  • one or more sensors may be placed on or inside the street furniture, such as the bench.
  • the sensor(s) monitor(s) ambient air pollution, clean air or both.
  • the sensor(s) is/are located inside the street furniture.
  • a sensor is located before the air cleaning device and after the air cleaning device, such as inside the street furniture, e.g. inside the bench.
  • the present invention relates to a method for cleaning ambient air surrounding street furniture, the method comprising: drawing ambient polluted air into an air cleaning device of the street furniture of any one of the above embodiments, cleaning the air inside the street furniture, and directing the cleaned air to the surrounding of the street furniture.
  • the present invention relates to use of street furniture for cleaning polluted air by drawing ambient polluted air into an air cleaning device of the street furniture of any one of the above embodiments, cleaning the air inside the street furniture, and directing the cleaned air to the surrounding of the street furniture.
  • the arm rest may be an integrated part of the street furniture, such as the bench, or it may be a separate module which can be mounted in the back rest element of the bench.
  • An advantage of an arm rest module that can be incorporated into the street furniture is that it can be exchanged if broken, or when the air cleaning module inside should be serviced, and may be repaired. Another advantage is that it is easier to protect the air cleaning device and the filter against the leakage of rain and vandalization.
  • Another advantage of using an arm rest module of the present invention is that since the armrest is very close to the person sitting on the bench, the released clean air from the armrest will be entrained into the upward micro flow near the human body and therefore, the clean air will be delivered effectively to the person's head.
  • the arm rest module may have different sizes and shapes as the case may be, but is adapted to be mounted in a back rest element of the desired street furniture of the present invention, such as the bench of the present invention, so that a housing containing an air cleaning device is located inside the bench and the arm rest protrudes out of the back rest element, for instance, for people to rest their arms on.
  • the present invention concerns an arm rest module comprising
  • the housing is a metal box.
  • the housing contains one air cleaning device.
  • the air cleaning device consist of one means for transporting air flows for drawing air into the cleaning device, one particle filter for filtering the air, and one gas filter for filtering the air.
  • the means for transporting air flows is a fan.
  • the particle filter preferably comprises a filter for fine particles (larger than 300 nm and smaller than 3 micrometer in mean mass aerodynamic diameter (MMAD)) and an ultrafine filter (for particles smaller than 300 nm in MMAD).
  • the particle filter will be made of fibers (woven or non-woven).
  • the gas filter comprises a charcoal filter or other gas absorbing material that can be in the shape of pellets, filter bed and/or a sponge.
  • the fan is typically an axial, cross flow or centrifugal fan, comprising a number of blades in a circular arrangement for moving the air, a coil, axis and cabling for electricity supply.
  • the arm rest connected and secured to the housing has one diffuser in the arm rest for directing the cleaned air from the air cleaning device to the surrounding of the arm rest module.
  • the arm rest is made of the same material as the housing, but may be made of a different material as long as connection to the housing can be secured.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Disinfection, Sterilisation Or Deodorisation Of Air (AREA)
  • Ventilation (AREA)
  • Cleaning In General (AREA)
EP16197676.6A 2016-11-08 2016-11-08 Strassenmöbel zur luftreinigung im freien Withdrawn EP3318672A1 (de)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP16197676.6A EP3318672A1 (de) 2016-11-08 2016-11-08 Strassenmöbel zur luftreinigung im freien
CN201780073944.3A CN110023567A (zh) 2016-11-08 2017-11-07 用于空气清洁的街道设施
PCT/EP2017/078424 WO2018087068A1 (en) 2016-11-08 2017-11-07 Street furniture for air cleaning in open spaces

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP16197676.6A EP3318672A1 (de) 2016-11-08 2016-11-08 Strassenmöbel zur luftreinigung im freien

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3318672A1 true EP3318672A1 (de) 2018-05-09

Family

ID=57281050

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP16197676.6A Withdrawn EP3318672A1 (de) 2016-11-08 2016-11-08 Strassenmöbel zur luftreinigung im freien

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3318672A1 (de)
CN (1) CN110023567A (de)
WO (1) WO2018087068A1 (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
LU101733B1 (fr) * 2020-04-08 2021-10-08 Cba World Contrôle de la pollution chimique et biologique de l'air en milieu urbain
DE102019116676B4 (de) 2019-06-19 2023-08-24 Mann+Hummel Gmbh Filtereinrichtung in Form eines versenkbaren Pollers, insbesondere zur Umgebungsluftfiltration

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3080121B1 (fr) * 2018-04-16 2022-05-06 B A Dev Borne depolluante
FR3081890B1 (fr) * 2018-05-29 2022-05-06 B A Dev Barriere automatique depolluante
EP3821094B1 (de) 2018-07-13 2023-03-29 MANN+HUMMEL GmbH Bahnhof, insbesondere tunnelbahnhof und verwendung einer filtereinheit in einem bahnhof
DE102018124610B4 (de) * 2018-10-05 2022-03-03 Mann+Hummel Gmbh Stationäre Umgebungsluftreinigungsvorrichtung und Umgebungsluftreinigungsvorrichtungs-Anordnung

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FR2787176A1 (fr) * 1998-12-15 2000-06-16 Marc Astorga Dispositif d'aspiration et de filtration de l'air pollue par les gaz d'echappement
US6500387B1 (en) * 2000-05-19 2002-12-31 Nukuest, Inc. Air actinism chamber apparatus and method
DE202011001466U1 (de) * 2011-01-13 2011-03-17 Brüner, Michael Filtermodul

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ITTO20070696A1 (it) * 2007-10-02 2009-04-03 Marcopolo Engineering S P A Dispositivo per pulire l aria di citta
AT507255B1 (de) * 2008-09-09 2010-06-15 Reschreiter Gmbh Werbesäule
CN105311767A (zh) * 2014-06-27 2016-02-10 佛山圣哥拉太阳能科技有限公司 一种可在户外建立有洁净空气的局域空间的空气净化系统
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2787176A1 (fr) * 1998-12-15 2000-06-16 Marc Astorga Dispositif d'aspiration et de filtration de l'air pollue par les gaz d'echappement
US6500387B1 (en) * 2000-05-19 2002-12-31 Nukuest, Inc. Air actinism chamber apparatus and method
DE202011001466U1 (de) * 2011-01-13 2011-03-17 Brüner, Michael Filtermodul

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102019116676B4 (de) 2019-06-19 2023-08-24 Mann+Hummel Gmbh Filtereinrichtung in Form eines versenkbaren Pollers, insbesondere zur Umgebungsluftfiltration
LU101733B1 (fr) * 2020-04-08 2021-10-08 Cba World Contrôle de la pollution chimique et biologique de l'air en milieu urbain
WO2021204906A1 (fr) * 2020-04-08 2021-10-14 Cba World Contrôle de la pollution chimique et biologique de l'air en milieu urbain

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN110023567A (zh) 2019-07-16
WO2018087068A1 (en) 2018-05-17

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