EP3318339A1 - Dispositif et procédé de tri de grenaille d'aluminium - Google Patents

Dispositif et procédé de tri de grenaille d'aluminium Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3318339A1
EP3318339A1 EP16197186.6A EP16197186A EP3318339A1 EP 3318339 A1 EP3318339 A1 EP 3318339A1 EP 16197186 A EP16197186 A EP 16197186A EP 3318339 A1 EP3318339 A1 EP 3318339A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fractions
fraction
aluminum scrap
conveyor belt
neutron
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP16197186.6A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3318339B1 (fr
Inventor
John Paul Hermann KETTLER
Andreas Wilhelm HAVENITH
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
AMAG casting GmbH
Original Assignee
AMAG casting GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by AMAG casting GmbH filed Critical AMAG casting GmbH
Priority to EP16197186.6A priority Critical patent/EP3318339B1/fr
Priority to JP2019515233A priority patent/JP7055130B2/ja
Priority to PCT/EP2017/078245 priority patent/WO2018083273A1/fr
Priority to US16/347,542 priority patent/US11358179B2/en
Publication of EP3318339A1 publication Critical patent/EP3318339A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3318339B1 publication Critical patent/EP3318339B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
    • B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
    • B07C5/34—Sorting according to other particular properties
    • B07C5/346—Sorting according to other particular properties according to radioactive properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
    • B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
    • B07C5/34—Sorting according to other particular properties
    • B07C5/342—Sorting according to other particular properties according to optical properties, e.g. colour
    • B07C5/3425—Sorting according to other particular properties according to optical properties, e.g. colour of granular material, e.g. ore particles, grain
    • B07C5/3427—Sorting according to other particular properties according to optical properties, e.g. colour of granular material, e.g. ore particles, grain by changing or intensifying the optical properties prior to scanning, e.g. by inducing fluorescence under UV or x-radiation, subjecting the material to a chemical reaction
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
    • B07C2501/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material to be sorted
    • B07C2501/0036—Sorting out metallic particles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
    • B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
    • B07C5/36—Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution
    • B07C5/38—Collecting or arranging articles in groups

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for sorting, in particular comminuted, aluminum scrap according to alloy groups.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object to provide an apparatus and a method for sorting aluminum scrap, which is characterized by high mass throughput and high reliability in the sorting of aluminum scrap in alloy groups.
  • the aluminum scrap is divided into fractions in a first process step, a reliable separation of the aluminum scrap can optionally be achieved and it can also be ensured that the determination of the alloying group takes place exclusively on a single fraction , Mutual influences by superpositions of the energy spectra, as can be expected from the simultaneous measurement of several fractions, can thus be stably prevented.
  • the fractions of the aluminum scrap are subsequently irradiated with at least one neutron source, the gamma radiation emitted by the individual fraction by this neutron irradiation is taken up by at least one detector and a power spectrum belonging to the respective fraction formed therefrom, then the chemical composition of the individual fractions can be determined easily and with high precision. If, in addition, a relative ratio of the weight proportions of at least two alloying elements of this fraction is determined on the basis of such an energy spectrum, then this fraction can be allocated on the basis of this relative ratio of the alloy group corresponding to it - without any particular expense but nevertheless reliably. Subsequently, these fractions can be sorted according to the alloying groups assigned to them. The latter, inter alia, because no complex process calibrations, as they are known from the prior art, are required.
  • alloy groups is understood to mean a classification of the aluminum alloys into groups according to EN 573-3 / 4 for aluminum wrought alloys or aluminum casting alloys according to DIN EN 1706.
  • the process according to the invention is suitable for sorting the aluminum scrap fractions into 3xxx, 4xxx, 5xxx, etc. alloy groups.
  • a fraction means several or even individual aluminum scrap particles.
  • a fraction can also be understood as meaning a predefined subset of the aluminum scrap powder or granules become.
  • NAA neutral activation analysis
  • PGNAA prompt gammaneutron activation analysis
  • the aluminum scrap is provided in chambers separated from one another and thus divided into fractions, a grouping or separation of scrap parts into fractions can be carried out in a simple process manner.
  • the chambers may each have a predefined volume and / or serve to receive fractions having the same or different grain size.
  • the conveyor system comprises an endless conveyor belt
  • the neutron source provided between the load and slack side of the conveyor belt irradiates the fractions of the aluminum scrap through the conveyor belt and the gamma radiation emitted by the fractions through this neutron irradiation exceeds that of the above Lasttrums of the conveyor belt provided detector is added. Due to this inventive arrangement of neutron source and detector, the influence of the conveyor on the sensitivity of the detectors can be kept very low. It is also possible to achieve a particularly high mass throughput, since a more variable handling of aluminum scrap is permitted.
  • the foundations for a process can be created, several fractions can be detected simultaneously and in a particularly simple way - even with comparatively few devices, such as detectors, etc. Nevertheless the process according to the invention always ensures a high degree of selectivity.
  • the method can be further improved in handling when the aluminum scrap is provided in separate chambers of the conveyor belt of the conveyor, in particular the conveyor belt.
  • the accuracy and reliability of the method can be further increased.
  • the neutrons can be thermalized by the moderator - ie reduced in their kinetic energy to below 100 meV - whereby the cross section of the neutrons with the atomic nuclei of the material to be examined fraction is significantly increased.
  • the accuracy of the method can therefore be improved, since the increased cross-section results in a larger yield of neutron activation products.
  • the neutron field emanating from the neutron source can be uniformed and also the direction of the radiation is adjusted, whereby a uniform neutron field over the entire examination area can be achieved. This in turn is conducive to the reliability of the sorting process.
  • the mass flow rate in the process can be further increased if several fractions are irradiated simultaneously with a neutron source. It is thus possible, for example, to simultaneously subject fractions arranged side by side and / or one after another to one another - the reproducibility of the method can be further increased on account of the comparability of the measurement of several fractions simultaneously irradiated.
  • the mass throughput of the method can be further increased.
  • detectors are provided side by side and / or in succession and each assigned to a fraction for measuring the gamma radiation emitted by this fraction, it is possible to simultaneously subject a plurality of aluminum scrap fractions to a measurement, whereby a mutual influence of the emitted gamma radiation of individual fraction is reduced.
  • the mass flow rate of the process can thus be significantly increased while still high process accuracy.
  • these detectors are shielded from one another laterally, then it can be steadily ensured that - especially with simultaneous measurement of several fractions - the emitted gamma radiation only strikes the detector assigned to the respective fraction. A falsification of the measurement due to a superposition of the gamma radiation of several fractions to be detected is therefore avoidable.
  • a structurally simple and highly accurate device in the sorting of, in particular crushed, aluminum scrap for alloy groups with high mass flow rate is achievable with a conveyor system for conveying fractions of aluminum scrap, with a measuring device, which measuring device at least one neutron source for irradiating the fractions conveyed by the conveyor, at least one detector for receiving the gamma radiation emitted by the fractions by said neutron irradiation, and an arithmetic unit for allocating the fractions to an alloy group depending on their respective relative proportions of the weights of at least two of their alloying elements; which relative ratio of the arithmetic unit is determined from the energy spectrum of the gamma radiation detected by the respective fraction, and with a sorting system which sorts the fractions conveyed by the conveyor system according to the alloy group assigned to them by the measuring device.
  • a comparatively high mass throughput and a high selectivity can be achieved by the device according to the invention if the neutron source is provided between the load and the slack side of the conveyor belt of the conveyor system. It is thus provided by a device that allows fractions to be arranged particularly variable or to supply the measuring device, without having to accept any impairment in terms of reproducibility. Furthermore, so that the neutron source or lenses etc. can be provided comparatively close to the conveyor belt, without having to fear contact with the conveyor or subsidized by this aluminum scrap. With a safe irradiation of the fractions can be expected, which may be beneficial to the reliability of the device in the sorting of aluminum scrap for alloy groups.
  • the conveyor system of the conveyor system can be used to divide the aluminum scrap, if this has separate chambers.
  • the volume of the fraction can also be limited in a structurally simple manner, which can benefit the selectivity of the method and the sorting quality of the device.
  • the conveyor belt can have several in rows next to each other and columns arranged one behind the other chambers, so as to increase the mass flow rate of the device.
  • the selectivity provided by the device and thus its sorting quality can be further improved if a lens designed as a moderator is provided between the neutron source and the fraction.
  • a method 1 for sorting crushed or shredded aluminum scrap 2 is shown, in which the aluminum scrap 2 with a device 3, for example, crushed to 10 to 120 mm and / or sieved and / or homogenized or subsequently divided into fractions 4 and / or is isolated. These fractions 4 are finally sorted by a sorting system 5 according to alloy groups 6.1 (eg: aluminum wrought alloy of the alloy group 6xxx), 6.2 (aluminum wrought alloy of the alloy group 7xxx), 6.3 (aluminum casting alloy of the alloy group 3xx-AlSiCu).
  • alloy groups 6.1 eg: aluminum wrought alloy of the alloy group 6xxx
  • 6.2 aluminum wrought alloy of the alloy group 7xxx
  • 6.3 aluminum casting alloy of the alloy group 3xx-AlSiCu
  • the aluminum scrap 2 is filled into separate chambers 14 and thus divided into individual fractions 4.
  • a fraction 4 can consist of a single or a plurality of aluminum scrap parts or else aluminum scrap granules or powders of the aluminum scrap 2.
  • the conveyor system 15 may represent only a conveyor belt 115 in the simplest structural design, the fractions 4 of the singulator. 3 transported by the PGNAA measuring system 7 to the sorting system 5.
  • the demarcated chambers 14 are formed by drivers 15.1 and longitudinal webs 15.2 of an endless conveyor belt 15.3 of a conveyor system 15.
  • the fractions 4 of the aluminum scrap 2 are fed to a PGNAA measuring device 7, which is data-connected to the sorting system 5.
  • the fractions 4 are irradiated with neutron radiation 8 of a neutron source 9 and the gamma radiation 10 emitted by the individual fractions 4 due to the thus activated activation of their atomic nuclei is in each case recorded by a detector 11. Accordingly, there are data on the gamma rays 10 of the individual fractions 4.
  • the measurement data of the detector 11 are fed to a computing unit 12 of the measuring device 7.
  • each of these fractions 4 associated energy spectra can be formed.
  • a relative ratio of the weight fractions of at least two alloying elements of this fraction 4 is determined. Subsequently, the fractions 4 are thus assigned individually to an alloy group 6.1, 6.2, 6.3 on the basis of the relative proportions of the weight proportions of alloying elements of the arithmetic unit 12.
  • the PGNAA measuring device 7 controls the sorting system 5 in such a way or is in data connection with the sorting system 5 that a fraction 4 are sorted out according to their corresponding alloy group 6.1 or 6.2 or 6.3 in a respective container 13.
  • Such a conveyor system 15 may allow a particularly high mass flow rate in the process but also serve to separate the aluminum scrap 2 into fractions 4.
  • the neutron source 9 is provided between the load strand 15.4 and 15.1 empty strand of the conveyor belt 15.3, which thus irradiates the fractions 4 of the aluminum scrap 2 through the load strand 15.4 of the conveyor belt 15.3 therethrough.
  • the gamma radiation 10 emitted by the fractions 4 is picked up by detector 11 provided above the load strand of the conveyor belt 15.3.
  • This type of arrangement of the neutron source 9 and the detector 11 creates a compact device and also allows a small interference of the conveyor 15 to the measurement, especially since the return strand 15.5 of the conveyor belt 15.3 has no influence on the irradiation of the fractions 4.
  • the method according to the invention therefore not only has a high mass throughput but also a high selectivity.
  • the neutron radiation 8 is guided from the neutron source 9 via a lens 16, before the neutron radiation 8 strikes the fractions 4.
  • the divergent neutron radiation 8 emerging from the neutron source 9 is made uniform and homogenized, so that it can be ensured that the neutron radiation 8 incident on the fractions 4 is comparable in each chamber 14.
  • the lens 16 is formed as a moderator 17, whereby the neutrons of the neutron radiation 8 thermalized, so are slowed down to kinetic energies below about 100meV.
  • the cross section of the neutron radiation 8 with the atomic nuclei of the fractions 4 can thus be greatly increased, from which the measurement accuracy of the method benefits.
  • detectors 11 are provided next to one another in the PGNAA measuring system in order to measure the gamma radiation 10 emitted by the fractions 4.
  • Fig. 1 In this case, 16 detectors 11, in particular, are distributed over four rows 19 and four columns 20, and in a corresponding manner arranged in such a way Chambers 14 of the conveyor belt 15.3. A high parallelism for a high mass flow rate can be achieved with it.
  • shields 18 are provided on the detectors 11 each. By virtue of the fact that they are shielded from one another laterally, it can advantageously be ensured that only the gamma radiation 10 emitted by the fraction 11 associated with the detector 11 strikes the respective detector 11. Otherwise, the emitted gamma radiation 10 of a foreign fraction 4 could otherwise be superposed with the gamma radiation 10 to be measured and thus falsify the energy spectrum. To form a reliable shield, a lead shield 18 has been proven.

Landscapes

  • Analysing Materials By The Use Of Radiation (AREA)
  • Sorting Of Articles (AREA)
EP16197186.6A 2016-11-03 2016-11-03 Dispositif et procédé de tri de grenaille d'aluminium Active EP3318339B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP16197186.6A EP3318339B1 (fr) 2016-11-03 2016-11-03 Dispositif et procédé de tri de grenaille d'aluminium
JP2019515233A JP7055130B2 (ja) 2016-11-03 2017-11-03 仕分けのための装置及び方法
PCT/EP2017/078245 WO2018083273A1 (fr) 2016-11-03 2017-11-03 Dispositif et procédé de tri
US16/347,542 US11358179B2 (en) 2016-11-03 2017-11-03 Apparatus and method for sorting

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP16197186.6A EP3318339B1 (fr) 2016-11-03 2016-11-03 Dispositif et procédé de tri de grenaille d'aluminium

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3318339A1 true EP3318339A1 (fr) 2018-05-09
EP3318339B1 EP3318339B1 (fr) 2020-01-29

Family

ID=57240949

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP16197186.6A Active EP3318339B1 (fr) 2016-11-03 2016-11-03 Dispositif et procédé de tri de grenaille d'aluminium

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US11358179B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP3318339B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP7055130B2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2018083273A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2021099549A1 (fr) * 2019-11-21 2021-05-27 Hydro Aluminium Rolled Products Gmbh Procédé et dispositif pour analyser et/ou trier de la ferraille

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3669818B1 (fr) 2018-12-20 2022-05-11 Ivoclar Vivadent AG Ébauche multicolore dentaire
WO2022255494A1 (fr) * 2021-06-04 2022-12-08 日本製鉄株式会社 Système de concassage et procédé de production de déchets de déchiquetage

Citations (2)

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US20100017020A1 (en) 2008-07-16 2010-01-21 Bradley Hubbard-Nelson Sorting system
EP3059581A1 (fr) * 2015-02-19 2016-08-24 Palo Alto Research Center, Incorporated Systèmes de tri électrochimique de métaux et d'alliages

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20100017020A1 (en) 2008-07-16 2010-01-21 Bradley Hubbard-Nelson Sorting system
EP3059581A1 (fr) * 2015-02-19 2016-08-24 Palo Alto Research Center, Incorporated Systèmes de tri électrochimique de métaux et d'alliages

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2021099549A1 (fr) * 2019-11-21 2021-05-27 Hydro Aluminium Rolled Products Gmbh Procédé et dispositif pour analyser et/ou trier de la ferraille
US11904362B2 (en) 2019-11-21 2024-02-20 Hydro Aluminium Recycling Deutschland Gmbh Method and device for analysing and/or sorting scrap metal

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2019535491A (ja) 2019-12-12
WO2018083273A1 (fr) 2018-05-11
EP3318339B1 (fr) 2020-01-29
JP7055130B2 (ja) 2022-04-15
US20210001376A1 (en) 2021-01-07
US11358179B2 (en) 2022-06-14

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