EP3317222B1 - Hoisting winch assembly - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a lifting winch arrangement with at least two preferably axially parallel, axially spaced drums, which can be driven synchronously by two motors via a gear arrangement. The invention further relates to a crane, in particular a gantry and / or container crane, with such a lifting winch arrangement.

Such hoist winch arrangements are for example from the document CN 102 398 869 B known. The scriptures show similar hoist winch arrangements CN 103 982 598 A. , CN 204 138 246 U , CN 203 373 047 U , DE 18 00 787 A1 , JP 2000 30 23 79 A and EP 17 10 199 A1 .

The font DE 10 2009 050 584 A1 shows a container crane, the hoist has two axially parallel and axially, ie in the direction of the longitudinal drum, spaced drums, which can be driven by a drive unit arranged centrally between the drums. This drive unit comprises a torque motor in the form of a multi-pole, permanently excited synchronous motor which drives the drums by means of cardan shafts, gears being arranged in the drums and being driven by the cardan shafts and reducing the motor speed. Such a drive of the hoisting winches by means of a common motor ensures the synchronous operation of the two drums, but is primarily used only for limited power ranges, since a common motor would otherwise not be able to provide the power required for both hoisting winches or would build so large that the specified ones Assembly dimensions and the predetermined axial spacing of the drums, which only provides a limited gap between the opposite end faces of the drums, could no longer be maintained. The position of the two rope drums is largely determined by the fact that the usually four outgoing ropes have to be guided through existing openings in the steel structure with a predetermined deflection angle.

Even if an exact synchronous running of the drums can be achieved with a common drive motor that drives both drums, it has therefore already been proposed to use two separate motors to drive the drums and to arrange them next to the hoisting winches in order to maintain the limited distance between the drums to be able to. The two cable drums can be coupled to one another by a spur gear, which can be arranged between the drums and can transmit the complete power of both motors for both drums. Since the spur gear protrudes across the coaxial drums, the motors can be arranged axially parallel to the drums next to the drums. The coupling of the drums by the spur gear mechanism ensures that the drums rotate absolutely synchronously. In addition, the system can work with only one of the two motors in an emergency.

However, the motors arranged next to the drums in turn lead to arrangement problems or restrictions during installation, since the motors have to be arranged in a specific sector in order not to collide with the running cables. On the other hand, the assembly of the hoist winch system is very complex. The two drums, the spur gear, the two electric motors and the brakes usually provided must each be individually aligned and fastened to the supporting structure. For this purpose, the contact surfaces, which are regularly several meters apart, have to be machined exactly to avoid misalignment between the drum axes or misalignment from the spur gear axes to the drum axes and the motor axes.

Proceeding from this, the present invention is based on the object of creating an improved lifting winch arrangement and an improved crane with such a lifting winch arrangement, which avoid the disadvantages of the prior art and further develop the latter in an advantageous manner. In particular, a compact, light-weight lifting winch arrangement is to be created which is easy to assemble and can also provide high performance with a favorable efficiency.

According to the invention, the stated object is achieved by a lifting winch arrangement according to claim 1 and a crane according to 13. Preferred embodiments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.

It is therefore proposed to no longer transmit the total power of all the motors via a common transmission, by means of which the drums are coupled to one another, but rather to transmit the power of each motor separately to the drum assigned to the respective motor. According to the invention, the gear arrangement has at least two separate gear trains, so that each motor is drive-connected to its own gear train, each with a drum. The separate transmission strands can be made significantly lighter and smaller than a common transmission to which both motors are connected, since it is no longer necessary to transmit the total power of both motors, but only the power of one motor. Nevertheless, overall high lifting capacities can be provided, since each motor only has to drive one drum.

In comparison to the previously usual lifting winch arrangements with two motors in addition to the drums, a significantly more compact and smaller design can also be achieved. In particular, the two motors can be arranged at least substantially completely in a space between the drums, this space being able to be limited by two imaginary planes which are arranged on the mutually facing end faces of the drums perpendicular to the longitudinal axes of the drums. Advantageously, compared to conventional Drive architectures also fewer sealing points, fewer rolling bearings, fewer compensating couplings, significantly less lubricant and in view of all of this, a significantly lower weight can be provided.

In order to gain additional space for the motor or gear train arrangement between the drums, according to the invention, each gear train comprises a drum gear which is at least partially inserted into the respective drum. Such a drum gear, which is at least partially accommodated in the interior of the drum body, can simultaneously be used for the storage or support of the drum, wherein a corresponding bearing integrated in the said drum gear can be designed as a radial and / or axial bearing. Advantageously, at least one roller bearing in the drum gear can support the drums on the load-bearing structure via the gear housing.

The motors can be connected in various ways to the drums or to the aforementioned drum gear units used in the drums. In this case, a connection gear is provided between the respective drum gear and the associated motor, which can be designed as a spur gear or as an angular gear in order to be able to adapt the motor arrangement to the conditions of the installation environment.

If the respective motor is connected to the associated drum or the drum transmission used therein with an angular gear, the motor can extend with its motor longitudinal axis in a plane transverse to the drum longitudinal axis, which allows very narrow spacings between the drum end faces.

If the respective motor is connected to the drum or the drum transmission used therein through a spur gear, the motor can extend with its longitudinal axis parallel to the drum. As a result, a radially very small arrangement can be achieved. Will both motors have such spur gears Arranged axially parallel, the motors can advantageously be arranged in different sectors, in particular on opposite sides of an imaginary plane containing the longitudinal axes of the drum, whereby an overall very flat lifting winch arrangement can be achieved. In particular in the said imaginary plane, the extension of the hoist winch arrangement can essentially be determined by the diameter of the drums, since the motors arranged on opposite sides of the imaginary plane mentioned do not protrude or hardly protrude above the drums when the hoist winch arrangement is viewed vertically in one viewing direction considered at the imaginary level.

Depending on the structural conditions of the installation environment, mixed forms of the aforementioned motor orientations may also be provided. For example, a motor can be arranged via an angular gear with its motor longitudinal axis transversely to the drum longitudinal axis, while the motor assigned to the other drum can be arranged axially parallel via a spur gear. Depending on the structural conditions, it can often be advantageous to install both motors parallel to the axis or both motors transversely to the longitudinal axis of the drum.

A brake for holding and / or braking the drum can advantageously be integrated into each of the gear trains mentioned between the motor and the drum, the brake being able to be arranged between the drum gear and the motor, in particular between the drum gear and the connection gear or between the connection gear and the motor. For example, when using an angular gear as a connecting gear, it can be advantageous to provide the brake between the angular gear and the drive motor. When using a spur gear as the connecting gear, it can be advantageous to provide the brake between the spur gear and drum gear, but here too the brake can be provided between the spur gear and the motor.

In particular, in a further development of the invention, a brake stator can be attached to a gear housing section. The brake can be used as a disc, or drum brake. In the case of a disc brake, a brake caliper can be fastened to a transmission housing section.

With the brake arrangement mentioned, not only can a compact design be achieved, but the brake can also be small in size and protected against excessive loads, since a larger drum torque can be absorbed by a smaller braking torque due to the transmission ratio between the brake and drum.

In order to ensure synchronous running of the two drums, the drums and / or the motors can be synchronized with one another by means of a synchronizing device. In a further development of the invention, such a synchronizing device can comprise an articulated shaft, for example in the form of a cardan shaft, which is provided between the drums. In particular, such a cardan shaft can be connected to the two drum gears that are inserted in the two drums, but alternatively, a connection to the previously described connecting gears can be provided in the form of the bevel or spur gear. Such a cardan shaft can not only achieve an exact synchronous operation of the two drums, but also an axial offset compensation, which makes the assembly of the drums easier with regard to position or position tolerances.

If necessary, however, such a synchronization or propeller shaft between the drums or drum drives can also be dispensed with. The synchronization device can also be designed electronically and bring about an electronic synchronization of the motor running of the two motors, for example by means of a central control or processor unit, which coordinates the control pulses to the motors and ensures synchronous running of the motors.

In order to further facilitate the assembly of the lifting winch arrangement, a modular construction of the lifting winch arrangement can be provided in a further development of the invention be, in which several assemblies are assembled into preassembled assembly units. In particular, a drum with the associated motor and the intermediate gear train can be combined to form a preassembled assembly unit or assembly that can be assembled as a whole on a hoist bracket or the supporting structure. As a result, the drum and drive units can be checked at the factory for the function of the drive and, in addition, only two assemblies need to be mounted on the steel structure of the crane or on the load-bearing structure, without the exact alignment of the drum, gearbox and motor would still come to each other. Even minor misalignments between the drums are no longer decisive, since these are compensated for or not disturbed by the cardan shaft or the electronic synchronization. In particular, the expensive and complex mechanical processing of widely spaced surfaces can thereby be avoided.

In particular, it may be sufficient to fasten each drum unit to the supporting structure by means of, for example, three, four or more bolt or positive-locking connections. The two drum units can be connected by the aforementioned cardan shaft.

Fig. 1:

einen Längsschnitt durch eine Hubwindenanordnung nach einer vorteilhaften Ausführung der Erfindung, gemäß der die beiden Motoren achsparallel angeordnet und über separate Stirnradgetriebe an jeweils nur eine Trommel angeschlossen sind,

Fig. 2:

eine ausschnittsweise Teilschnittansicht einer Motor-Getriebe-Trommeleinheit ähnlich Fig. 1, wobei in Abweichung der Ausführung nach Fig. 1 eine Bremse auf der gegenüberliegenden Seite des wiederum achsparallel angeordneten Motors an dem Stirnradgetriebe angeordnet ist,

Fig. 3:

einen Längsschnitt durch eine Hubwerksanordnung nach einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausführung der Erfindung, gemäß der die Motoren mit ihren Motorlängsachsen quer zu den Trommellängsachsen angeordnet und über Winkelgetriebe an jeweils eine Trommel angeschlossen sind, und

Fig. 4:

eine perspektivische Darstellung der Hubwindenanordnung aus Fig. 3.

The invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of preferred exemplary embodiments and associated drawings. The drawings show:

Fig. 1:

2 shows a longitudinal section through a lifting winch arrangement according to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, according to which the two motors are arranged axially parallel and are connected to only one drum each via separate spur gear mechanisms,

Fig. 2:

a fragmentary partial sectional view of a motor-gear drum unit similar Fig. 1 , in deviation from the execution after Fig. 1 a brake on the opposite side of the turn axially parallel motor is arranged on the spur gear,

Fig. 3:

a longitudinal section through a hoist arrangement according to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, according to which the motors are arranged with their motor longitudinal axes transversely to the drum longitudinal axes and connected to a drum via angular gears, and

Fig. 4:

a perspective view of the jack assembly Fig. 3 .

As the figures show, the lifting winch arrangement 1 comprises two axially parallel, spaced apart drums 2, which can be designed in a conventional manner with regard to their basic structure, in particular can comprise a grooved drum body with flanges. At the front edge sections, the drums 2 can also comprise non-grooved cylinder sections which form a reserve if a longer rope is to be pulled up. In a manner known per se, two cables can run from each drum 2, as can be the case, for example, with gantry or container cranes, in order to be able to lift and lower the lifting gear for holding containers in a stable manner.

As the figures show, the drums 2 can in particular be arranged coaxially to one another.

Each of the drums 2 is driven by a motor 3, which is drive-connected to only one drum by a separate gear train 4 or 5 of a gear arrangement 6.

As the Figures 1 and 3rd show, each of the gear trains 4 and 5 mentioned can comprise a drum gear 7, which can be accommodated at least to a large extent, in particular also essentially completely, inside the drum 2, so that only one connecting part or section of the drum gear 7 is formed on the end face the drum 2 protrudes or is accessible.

Bearing units 8, for example in the form of one or more roller bearings, can be integrated into the aforementioned drum gear 7 in order to support the drum 2 at the drive end via the drum gear 7. In particular, an output bell 9 of the drum gear 7, which can be rigidly or non-rotatably connected to the drum 2, for example screwed, can be rotatably supported via the bearing unit 8 with respect to the stationary gear housing 10, which in turn is supported on the supporting structure (not shown in more detail). which can be part of a crane, for example, can be attached.

How Fig. 1 shows, the motors 3 can each be connected to one of the drum gears 7 by means of a connecting gear 11, said connecting gear 11, like this Fig. 1 shows, can be designed as a spur gear, which is connected on the output side to the input shaft of the drum gear 7 and on the input side to the motor 3.

The motor 3 can in this case be arranged axially parallel but offset to the longitudinal axis of the drum of the associated drum 2, cf. Fig. 1 .

How Fig. 1 shows, the two motors 3 can thereby both be arranged between the drums 2, in particular in a space 12 which is delimited by two imaginary planes 13 which are arranged on the drive-side end faces of the drums 2 perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the drum, cf. Fig. 1 . Advantageously, the two motors 3 can overlap, so that the motors 3 are in a viewing direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the drum (which viewing direction in Fig. 1 in the plane of the drawing) is at least partially covered.

In particular, the motors 3 can be arranged on opposite sides of an imaginary plane which contains the longitudinal axis 14 of the drum. At least the motors 3 are arranged in different sectors, ie angular ranges starting from the drum axis 14, so that the motors 3 do not collide with one another despite the said overlap.

How Fig. 1 shows, a brake 15 can advantageously be integrated in each gear train 4 or 5, said brake 15 being integrated, for example, in the spur gear or connecting gear 11 and / or on the gear shaft coupled to the motor shaft and / or directly with the motor shaft can be coupled. The brake 15 mentioned can in particular be designed as a disc or multi-disc brake, a brake disc 16 being able to sit on the gear shaft coupled to the motor shaft. A brake stator, for example in the form of a brake caliper 17, can advantageously be attached to the gear housing of the connecting gear 11.

How Fig. 2 shows, the said brake 15 can, however, also be connected or coupled to a transmission shaft 18 which is not directly connected to the motor shaft of the motor 3. For example, the brake 15 can be arranged on a side of the connection gear 11 opposite the motor 3, as a result of which more space is available for the installation of the brake 15. Advantageously, the brake stator or the brake caliper 17 can also be attached to the housing of the connecting gear 11 here, cf. Fig. 2 .

As the figures show, synchronous running of the two drums 2 can be achieved in spite of the separate gear trains 4 and 5 by a synchronization shaft, which can advantageously be designed as a cardan shaft 19, in particular a cardan shaft. The synchronization shaft mentioned can advantageously be arranged axially parallel or coaxial to the longitudinal axis 14 of the drum and connected to the two drum gears 7 or the two connecting gears 11. For this purpose, the gear trains 4 and 5 can each have an axle connection 20 which can be connected to the propeller shaft 19 and can project coaxially to the longitudinal axis 14 of the drum on the drive-side end face of the drums or the gear assemblies provided there.

How Fig. 3 shows, the motors 3 can also be arranged with their motor longitudinal axes in planes transverse to the drum longitudinal axis 14. The connecting gear 11 can be designed in the form of angular gears. The motors 3 can point to different sides, but in particular can also be aligned parallel to one another, like this Fig. 4 shows.

Claims (13)

1. Hoisting winch assembly with at least two drums (2) which can jointly be driven by at least two motors (3) via at least one transmission assembly (6), wherein the transmission assembly (6) comprises at least two separate gear trains (4; 5), so that each motor (3) is in drive connection with one drum (2) each via at least one separate gear train (4; 5), characterized in that each gear train (4; 5) includes a drum transmission (7) at least partly accommodated in one of the drums (2) and that to each drum transmission (7) one of the motors (3) is connected via a connection transmission (11).
2. Hoisting winch assembly according to the preceding claim, wherein the motors (3) substantially completely are arranged in a space (12) between the drums (2), which is defined by planes (13) which are arranged on the end faces of the drums (2) facing each other vertically to the longitudinal drum axes (14).
3. Hoisting winch assembly according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the motors (3) with their longitudinal motor axes are arranged in a manner axially parallel to the longitudinal drum axes (14) with an axial offset to said longitudinal drum axes (14) in various angle sectors, in particular on opposite sides of a plane containing the longitudinal drum axes.
4. Hoisting winch assembly according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the motors (3) with their longitudinal motor axes are arranged transversely to the longitudinal drum axes (14).
5. Hoisting winch assembly according to the preceding claim, wherein the connection transmission (11) is configured as a spur-gear transmission and the motors (3) are arranged in an axially parallel manner between the drums (2).
6. Hoisting winch assembly according to one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the connection transmission (11) is configured as an angular transmission and the motors (3) with their longitudinal motor axes each are arranged in a plane transverse to the longitudinal drum axis (14).
7. Hoisting winch assembly according to any of the preceding claims, wherein at least one brake (15) is respectively integrated in each of the gear trains (4; 5) between motor (3) and drum (2), wherein the brake (15) is arranged between drum transmission (7) and motor (3), in particular between drum transmission (7) and connection transmission (11) or between connection transmission (11) and motor (3), wherein the brake (15)

   - is configured as a disk brake, multi-disk brake or drum brake, or

   - is configured as a disk brake, with a brake caliper (17) being attached to a transmission housing portion.
8. Hoisting winch assembly according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the drums (2) and/or the motors (3) are coupled with each other by a coupling device, which is configured as a synchronizing device and synchronizes the drums (2) and/or the motors (3) with each other.
9. Hoisting winch assembly according to the preceding claim, wherein the synchronizing device includes an articulated shaft (19) arranged between the drums (2).
10. Hoisting winch assembly according to any of the two preceding claims, wherein the synchronizing device is of the electronic type and includes an electronic control means for actuating and electronically synchronizing the motors (3).
11. Hoisting winch assembly according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the hoisting winch assembly has a modular construction in which each drum (2) together with the associated motor (3) and the interposed gear train (4; 5) forms a pre-mounted, separate assembly unit which as a whole can be mounted on a hoisting winch carrier.
12. Hoisting winch assembly according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the at least two drums (2) are arranged spaced from each other in an axially parallel manner.
13. Crane, in particular in the form of a container and/or gantry crane, comprising a hoisting winch assembly (1) which is configured according to any of the preceding claims.

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