EP3315684B1 - Light guiding building fitting device and building window device - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a light-guiding building installation device, in particular for a building window device, for an arrangement on the building that at least partially penetrates a wall and/or roof construction and/or a roof covering of a building. The invention also relates to a building window device. Devices of this type are made, for example, from DE 3122164 A1 or US2014/026501 A1 known.

The building installation device is intended, for example, to be arranged on the building, in particular a roof of the building, in particular a residential building. It can be part of the building window device, in which case it forms a structural unit together with a building window, in particular a skylight, or is at least assigned to the building window. The building installation device is arranged on the building in such a way that it penetrates the wall and/or roof construction and/or the roof covering, preferably both, in particular completely penetrates it. The building installation device can be designed as a roof installation device. Analogously, the building window device can be present as a skylight device. Reference is made below to such a design. However, the statements are always generally transferable to the building installation device and/or the building window device.

The roof structure forms the supporting part of the roof, while the roof covering seals the roof. The roof covering is arranged and/or attached to the roof structure, insofar as the roof structure is designed to support the roof covering. The roof covering can basically be designed in any way. For example, it is in the form of a roof covering or a roof seal. In the former case, it consists of individual components, also referred to as roof covering elements, which are arranged in such a way that moisture is drained away via them due to the influence of gravity. The components that make up the roof covering can, for example, be roof tiles, roof tiles or the like. The roof seal, on the other hand, is preferably completely waterproof and is, for example, in the form of roof sealing elements that are connected to one another in a waterproof manner. The roof sealing elements can be in the form of roofing membranes, such as bitumen roofing membranes or metal elements.

The wall construction or the roof delimits an interior, in particular of the building, from an external environment. In the case of the roof, the roof skin is preferably on the side of the roof construction facing away from the interior or facing the external environment. The building installation device can now be arranged in the wall construction and/or the roof in such a way that a connection is established between the external environment and the interior. The building installation device serves to supply light from the external environment into the interior. With the help of the building installation device, light, namely light from the external environment, is to be guided through the wall construction and/or the roof, namely into the interior. The building installation device is therefore a light-guiding building installation device or is designed to guide light.

It is an object of the invention to propose a building installation device which has advantages over known building installation devices, in particular enables particularly efficient light guidance.

This is achieved according to the invention with a building installation device having the features of claim 1.

The light guide element is used to guide light from the outside environment towards the interior. For this purpose, the light guide element has the light entry surface and the light exit surface. Light can enter the building installation through the light entry surface, which is arranged on the outside of the building installation, i.e. on the side of the building installation facing the outside environment. This light can be emitted on the side of the light guide element opposite the light entry surface or the building installation device emerge again from the light exit surface. The light exit surface is located on the side of the light guide element or the building installation device facing the interior.

The light entry surface and the light exit surface can basically be designed in any way. For example, they each lie completely in an imaginary plane, with the two planes particularly preferably arranged parallel to one another at a distance. In order to improve the passage of light through the light guide element or the building installation device, the light guide element has the light concentrator. This is arranged between the light entry surface and the light exit surface and consists of a reflective material. For example, the light concentrator has a degree of reflection of at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90% or at least 95%, in particular for visible light. Viewed in cross-section, the light concentrator is curved at least in some areas parabolically and/or with a changing curvature, namely in such a way that it bundles or concentrates light that hits it and deflects or reflects it in the direction of the light exit surface. A combination of curvature and at least one bend can also be realized.

The light concentrator, when viewed in cross-section, extends, for example, essentially along an imaginary straight line connecting the light entry surface with the light exit surface. This straight line is particularly preferably perpendicular to the light entry surface, the light exit surface or both, in particular if they lie completely in the imaginary plane in the manner described above. For example, the light concentrator has an extension in the direction of the imaginary straight line which, based on the distance of the light exit surface from the light entry surface along this straight line, corresponds to at least 50%, at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 90% or at least 95%. It can also be provided that the light concentrator, when viewed in cross-section, extends from the light entry surface to the light exit surface. It is particularly preferably provided that the light entry surface has different dimensions than the light exit surface, at least when viewed in cross-section. In the building installation device according to the invention, the light entry surface is larger in cross-section than the light exit surface. This means that a comparatively large amount of light can enter through the light entry surface, which is then fed to the light exit surface by means of the light concentrator. In this respect, the light intensity of the light exiting there is greater than the light intensity of the light entering through the light entry surface. Accordingly, the use of the building installation means that a comparatively small wall area delimiting the interior and surrounding the building installation is lost, particularly in comparison with a conventional building window or roof window, where the light entry surface usually corresponds to the light exit surface.

As part of a further embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the light guide element is sealed and/or covered on the outside in a weatherproof manner and/or that the light guide element is sealed and/or covered on the inside in a translucent manner. The building installation device is of course weatherproof, thus preventing environmental influences from the outside from entering the interior. In particular, the building installation device prevents moisture from entering the interior. For this purpose, the light guide element is sealed on the outside in a weatherproof manner, for example, so that moisture cannot enter the light guide element. The sealing can be carried out by means of a divergence element, which will be discussed in more detail below. Additionally or alternatively, the light guide element is covered in a weatherproof manner, for example with a transparent cover, through which light can pass and enter the light guide element through the light entry surface.

Additionally or alternatively, it can of course be provided that the light guide element is closed and/or covered on the inside so that it allows light to pass through. For this purpose, for example, a light-permeable light guide element or a light-permeable light scattering element can be present on the inside of the light guide element. These will be discussed in more detail below. In the case of the light guide element with a light-permeable closure, the light exit surface is preferably on the light guide element or the light scattering element. It is particularly preferably provided that the light-permeable closure of the light guide element is fluid-tight, in particular air-tight, so that an exchange of flow between the interior and the light passage space of the light guide element is prevented.

The

The invention provides that the light concentrator, viewed in cross-section, is curved at least in some areas, in particular continuously, parabolically and/or with a changing curvature, in particular a continuously changing curvature. Viewed in cross-section, the light concentrator has a first end and a second end opposite the first end, wherein both ends each have a free end of the light concentrator. Between the two ends, the light concentrator runs at least partially curved when viewed in cross-section. Preferably, however, the light concentrator is continuously curved, i.e., from the first end to the second end, it has a curvature that is different from zero. Particularly preferably, at least the sign of the curvature is constant, so that the light concentrator is therefore continuously concave or convex. The curvature of the concentrator is preferably parabolic, in particular continuous. It can have a changing curvature, i.e., a curvature that is not constant at least in certain regions. Particularly preferably, however, the curvature changes continuously, namely from the first end to the second end. The light concentrator is particularly preferably continuously curved, i.e., it has no discontinuities, for example in the form of a kink, a jump or the like.

It can be provided that the light concentrator is curved and/or bent in such a way that its focal point lies in the light exit surface, in particular in an edge of the light exit surface. The light concentrator reflects light that hits it in the direction of its focal point. The curvature and/or bending of the light concentrator can now be implemented in such a way that the focal point lies in the light exit surface. With such a design, the light entering through the light entry surface and striking the light concentrator is completely reflected in the direction of the light exit surface, so that it can enter the interior through this.

However, it can also be provided that the light concentrator has several focal points, or at least not a single focal point. With such a design, a concentrated light spot and the associated heat load can be avoided. Regardless of the design of the light concentrator, the heat generated by it is preferably dissipated, for example by heat conduction. For this purpose, the light concentrator is made of a material that conducts heat well, in particular aluminum. Additionally or alternatively, the light concentrator has a high degree of reflection. For this purpose, its surface is, for example, shiny and/or polished.

The invention provides that the light concentrator, viewed in cross section, at least partially delimits a light passage space extending from the light entry surface to the light exit surface. The light passage space is located between the light entry surface and the light exit surface when viewed in cross-section or encloses them in each case. The light entry surface and the light exit surface delimit the light passage space on opposite sides and are spaced apart from one another. At least one further side of the light passage space is delimited by the light concentrator at least in part, preferably completely. The light concentrator preferably extends in the manner described above from the light entry surface to the light exit surface. On its side facing the light passage space, the light concentrator is concavely curved, i.e. when viewed in cross-section it has a curvature directed away from the light passage space and/or a corresponding projection.

A further development of the invention provides that the light passage space, seen in cross-section, is delimited at least in regions by a reflective further light concentrator opposite the light concentrator or by a wall opposite the light concentrator. In addition to the light concentrator, the further light concentrator can therefore be provided, which is arranged opposite the light concentrator. The further light concentrator is preferably designed analogously to the light concentrator, so that reference is made to the corresponding embodiments in this regard. As an alternative to the further light concentrator, the wall can be provided which has a lower degree of reflection than the light concentrator.

The further light concentrator is preferably curved and/or bent in the opposite direction to the light concentrator, i.e. it also has a curvature and/or a projection which faces away from the light passage space. The use of the further light concentrator further increases the intensity of the light exiting through the light exit surface because a larger part of the light entering the light guide element through the light entry surface is redirected in the direction of the light exit surface.

A further embodiment of the invention provides that the further light concentrator or the wall is designed symmetrically to the light concentrator with respect to a plane of symmetry running through the light passage space. In this respect, the light guide element is constructed symmetrically. The plane of symmetry intersects, for example, the light entry surface and/or the light exit surface, in particular it is perpendicular to the light entry surface and/or the light exit surface. In particular, the plane of symmetry intersects the light entry surface and the light exit surface in the middle when viewed in cross section.

A further embodiment of the invention provides that the light concentrator and/or the further light concentrator or the wall each extend from the light entry surface to the light exit surface. Such a design has already been mentioned. The light passage space is thus completely, in particular uninterruptedly, enclosed in cross-section by the light entry surface, the light exit surface and the light concentrator as well as the further light concentrator or the wall. With such a design of the building installation device or the light guide element, a particularly strong concentration of the light entering through the light entry surface is achieved, so that only a small amount of light is lost through losses.

A preferred further embodiment of the invention provides that the light entry surface is present on a translucent divergence element and/or the light exit surface is present on a translucent light guide element or a translucent light scattering element. The divergence element serves to divide or split a light beam entering the light guide element into several light beams, for example by partial reflection and partial transmission of the light beam. Preferably, the several light beams emerging from the light beam have the same light intensity or almost the same light intensity. The divergence element has, for example, several divergence plates which - seen in cross section - are present between the light entry surface and the light exit surface. For example, the divergence plates run parallel to the plane of symmetry.

The divergence element is in the form of a honeycomb plate, for example, which consists of a transparent material or an at least partially transparent material. By splitting the light beam into several light beams, the light intensity and/or the divergence of the light beams at the light exit surface can be further improved because, despite any losses that may occur in the divergence element, a larger amount of light is redirected by the light concentrator and/or the further light concentrator in the direction of the light exit surface and/or a stronger scattering occurs. The divergence element is located on the light entry surface or, conversely, the light entry surface is located on the divergence element. The light entry surface is preferably located on a side of the divergence element facing away from the light passage space.

In addition to or as an alternative to the divergence element, the light scattering element can be present. The light exit surface is formed on this. The light exit surface is preferably on a The light scattering element is formed on the side of the light scattering element facing away from the light passage space. The light scattering element serves to scatter the light exiting through the light exit surface. The light scattering element is used to widen and/or homogenize the light exiting through the light exit surface. Alternatively or additionally, a scattering glass can be present or used as a light scattering element.

In addition or as an alternative, the light exit surface can be present on the light-guiding element. The light-guiding element allows light to pass through largely unhindered. For example, the light-guiding element has a transmittance that corresponds to the transmittance of window glass. For example, the light-guiding element is in the form of a glass pane, in particular a flat glass pane. The light-guiding element serves in particular to seal the light-guiding element in a translucent manner.

A further embodiment of the invention provides that the divergence element and/or light-guiding element and/or the light-scattering element at least partially engage in the light passage space, in particular are completely present in it. This applies in particular to the divergence element, which preferably rests on the light concentrator and/or the further light concentrator, so that it is particularly preferably enclosed on opposite sides by the light concentrator and/or the further light concentrator. The divergence element preferably ends flush with the light entry surface on its side facing away from the light passage space. The light entry surface is in this respect in the form of a surface of the divergence element facing away from the light passage space.

In summary, the divergence element should preferably be arranged completely in the light passage space. Of course, however, an arrangement of the divergence element can also be realized in which it protrudes at least partially from the light passage space. An analogous arrangement can be provided for the light scattering element. However, the light scattering element is particularly preferably arranged completely outside the light passage space, so that a surface of the light scattering element facing the light passage space coincides with the light exit surface.

A further development of the invention provides that the divergence element is arranged on the side of the light entry surface facing the light passage space and/or the light guide element and/or the light scattering element is arranged on the side of the light exit surface facing away from the light passage space. This once again clarifies the above statements according to which the The divergence element is preferably arranged entirely in the light passage space and the light-guiding element or the light-scattering element is arranged entirely outside the light passage space. The surface of the divergence element facing away from the light passage space coincides with the light entry surface and the surface of the light-guiding element or the light-scattering element facing the light passage space coincides with the light exit surface.

A preferred further embodiment of the invention provides that the divergence element has a honeycomb body, in particular made of a transparent material. The honeycomb body is to be understood as a body which has a plurality of honeycombs, which are preferably open on both sides. The honeycombs thus completely penetrate the honeycomb body in one direction. The honeycombs are preferably each open on the side facing away from the light passage space and the side facing the light passage space, so that the longitudinal center axes of the honeycombs run at least approximately in the direction of an imaginary straight line connecting the light entry surface with the light exit surface.

Preferably, the longitudinal center axes of the honeycombs are each aligned parallel to a straight line perpendicular to the light entry surface and/or light exit surface. The honeycombs are preferably designed with a closed edge in the honeycomb body, i.e. each have a continuously closed edge, namely preferably in a plane which is arranged parallel to the light entry surface and/or the light exit surface.

With such a design of the honeycomb body or the honeycombs, the light entering through the light entry surface can be reflected by the edges of the honeycombs. The honeycomb body is preferably made of a transparent material, so that each light beam is partially reflected by the edge and partially passes through it, so that several light beams are created, which ultimately impinge on the light concentrator and/or the further light concentrator. The honeycomb body can be closed on its side facing the light passage space and/or its side facing away from the light passage space, for example by means of (each) a cover plate, which is assigned to the divergence element in addition to the honeycomb body.

A further preferred embodiment of the invention provides that the light scattering element comprises a nonwoven material, a powder material, a frosted and/or surface-structured light transmission element, a light scattering film and/or an aerogel, in particular a translucent or transparent and/or heat-insulating aerogel. In principle, the light scattering element can can be designed in any way as long as it has a light-scattering effect. The light-scattering element is preferably designed in such a way that all of the light entering it, or at least a large part of the light entering it, exits it again on its opposite side. The light-scattering element should therefore have a high level of efficiency or low losses. For example, at least half of the light entering it exits it again, but preferably at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 90% or at least 95%.

The light-scattering element comprises, for example, a nonwoven material, by means of which, for example, a nonwoven fabric, in particular a non-absorbent nonwoven fabric, is realized. A powder material can also be used to realize the light-scattering element. For example, the powder material is applied to a transparent carrier. The frosted light-passing element consists of a transparent material, the surface or surfaces of which are frosted. In principle, the light-passing element can have any surface structure that is adapted to the desired effect of the light-passing element. For example, the light-passing element consists of frosted or roughened glass or plastic. Of course, a light-scattering film can also be used as a light-scattering element. The light-scattering film is particularly preferably applied to a light-permeable carrier element, for example a glass pane, in particular a flat glass pane. In addition or alternatively, a light-directing glass can be used.

A particularly preferred embodiment of the invention provides that the light-guiding element is a wall-passing element. The wall-passing element passes through a wall which separates the interior from the roof structure of the roof. The wall is therefore arranged or attached to the side of the roof structure facing the interior. In other words, the wall is located on the side of the roof structure facing away from the roof skin. While the roof skin separates the roof structure from the outside environment, the wall is provided to separate the roof structure from the interior.

The wall penetration element extends through this wall from the direction of the roof construction towards the interior. The wall penetration element particularly preferably ends flush with an inner side of the wall facing the interior or protrudes through the wall into the interior, i.e. protrudes over the wall. Of course, it can also be provided that the wall penetration element only partially extends through the wall. In the case of a In such a design, it is particularly preferred that the light concentrator is located entirely on the side of the wall facing away from the interior, i.e. it does not penetrate the wall or engage in it. The wall passage element serves to guide at least part of the light that has entered the light guide element through the light entry surface into the interior, thus providing good illumination of the interior.

A further embodiment of the invention provides that the light-guiding element has at least one transparent pane or two panes spaced apart by a spacer. The pane is preferably designed as a glass pane. The panes are also preferably glass panes. If only the pane is mentioned in this description, the corresponding statements can always be applied to each of the panes. The pane is transparent and preferably has at least the degree of transmission of a glass pane.

It can be provided that the light-guiding element has just one translucent pane. Alternatively, several panes, in particular exactly two panes, are provided, wherein these are spaced apart from one another by means of the spacer. One of the panes faces the light concentrator and the other faces the interior. The light exit surface is on the side facing the interior of the pane closest to the interior. In order to achieve an excellent thermal insulation effect, it can be provided that a gap between the panes is evacuated, i.e. that there is a negative pressure in it compared to an air pressure in the outside environment or in the interior. Additionally or alternatively, a gas, in particular an insulating gas, for example a noble gas, can be present in the gap. The spacer is preferably made of a material which is different from a material of the pane or panes. For example, the material of the spacer has a lower thermal conductivity coefficient than the material of the pane. The spacer is therefore a thermal insulation element. The spacer may additionally or alternatively comprise a water adsorption and/or absorption agent or at least have a receptacle for such an agent.

A particularly preferred further embodiment of the invention provides that the building installation device is assigned a roller blind for setting an effective light passage area, wherein the roller blind is arranged on the side of the light entry surface or the light exit surface outside the light guide element or inside the light guide element. The roller blind is used to set the desired light transmission area, in other words to set the desired amount of light that passes through the light guide element from the outside environment into the interior. In other words, the roller blind is intended for sun protection or for darkening. The roller blind is to be understood in particular as an opaque element or an element with a lower light transmission than the light guide element, which can be arranged in different positions. For example, the roller blind is rolled up or folded in one position so that a larger first light transmission area is present. In a second position, the roller blind is at least partially or completely unrolled or unfolded so that a smaller second light transmission area is set.

The roller blind can basically be arranged in any way. For example, it is located outside the light guide element, namely on the side of the light entry surface or the light exit surface. In the former case, the roller blind is arranged in the outside environment and in the latter case in the interior. However, the roller blind is preferably arranged in the light guide element so that it is protected from influences from the outside environment or the interior. If the roller blind is in the light guide element, it is preferably arranged adjacent to the light entry surface, for example it is directly adjacent to it.

In other words, the roller blind is arranged closer to the light entry surface than to the light exit surface. Conversely, however, it can also be provided that the roller blind is arranged closer to the light exit surface than to the light entry surface, in particular adjacent to the light exit surface or immediately adjacent to the light exit surface. For example, the roller blind is arranged between the two panes of the light guide element, which are spaced apart from one another by means of the spacer.

Another particularly preferred embodiment of the invention provides that the roller blind is present in the light-guiding element. This has already been mentioned. For example, the roller blind is arranged so that it can be moved between the two panes of the light-guiding element. This provides particularly good protection for the roller blind against environmental influences.

The invention provides that the light passage space is divided into several subspaces by means of at least one transparent separating element. The transparent separating element is, for example, in the form of a transparent pane, in particular a pane of glass. Other materials, for example plastic, in particular Plexiglas, can be used for the separating element. The division of the light passage space into several sub-spaces has the advantage that better thermal insulation of the light guide element is achieved. The translucent separating element divides the light passage space into several sub-spaces, with one of the sub-spaces facing the light entry surface and another of the sub-spaces facing the light exit surface. For example, the separating element is arranged parallel to the light entry surface and/or the light exit surface. The separating element preferably passes through the entire light guide element in cross-section, thus separating the sub-spaces from one another at least substantially or even completely in terms of flow. In the former case, a pressure equalization opening can be formed in the separating element.

In a further embodiment of the invention, it can be provided that the separating element consists of safety glass, in particular laminated glass or single-pane safety glass, which is in particular available as partially tempered safety glass. By designing the separating element from safety glass, damage to the separating element and the associated reduction in light transmission are avoided. Such damage can occur, for example, due to vibrations and/or strong temperature differences. Should damage nevertheless occur, the use of safety glass ensures that the separating element continues to have a high level of light transmission despite the damage.

The safety glass is available, for example, in the form of laminated glass or single-pane safety glass. The safety glass is particularly preferably partially tempered, i.e. it is provided with a pre-stress before installation in the light guide element so that it breaks along a defined predetermined breaking line when damage occurs. The predetermined breaking line is arranged in particular in such a way that it does not impair the light transmission of the light guide element, or at most only slightly, even when damage occurs.

A further development of the invention provides that the light passage space is divided into the several subspaces by means of several separating elements with different element thicknesses. The several separating elements are preferably arranged parallel and spaced apart from one another and are in turn particularly preferably parallel to the light entry surface and/or light exit surface. The use of the several separating elements, which also have the different element thicknesses, enables excellent sound insulation, for example of noise from the outside environment and/or rain noise, which is caused by the Raindrops hitting the building installation or the light guide element. The element thickness is the material thickness of the separating elements, in particular a glass thickness or glass thickness. For example, the separating elements have significantly different element thicknesses. For example, the factor between the element thicknesses of the different separating elements is at least 1.5, at least 2, at least 3 or at least 4. For example, the separating elements have the following element thicknesses: 2 mm, 3 mm, 4 mm, 6 mm and/or 8 mm.

A particularly preferred development of the invention provides that the separating elements are spaced apart from one another at different distances. With such a design, it is particularly easy to create sub-spaces with different volume contents. This has the advantage of a high soundproofing effect. Of course, the different volume contents can also be created with separating elements that are the same distance from one another. This is particularly due to the course of the light concentrator, which is usually curved and/or kinked.

In a further embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the separating element or at least one of the separating elements has an aerogel or consists of aerogel. The use of aerogel for the separating element or one of the separating elements has the advantage of combining good thermal insulation with excellent soundproofing properties and simultaneous scattering of light. The latter causes an even distribution of light in the interior. The aerogel can, for example, be applied to a carrier material, such as a translucent carrier plate. However, the aerogel can also be used without such a carrier element. This makes particular use of the excellent soundproofing effect of the aerogel.

A further development of the invention provides that the light concentrator and/or the further light concentrator are each composed of several concentrator parts that are spaced apart from one another by the at least one separating element. In other words, the light concentrator or the further light concentrator is separated by the at least one separating element (each) into several concentrator parts. The concentrator parts each rest on the separating element on opposite sides and are thus spaced apart from one another by the separating element.

The division of the light concentrator or the further light concentrator into the multiple concentrator parts is preferably provided in such a way that they continue to have the desired curvature. This can be the case in particular if the curvature is continuous and/or changes throughout. In this case, the curvature of the light concentrator is an imaginary curvature to which the curvature of the individual concentrator parts is adapted. The curvature of the concentrator parts therefore corresponds to the imaginary curvature at this point, so that the interruption of the light concentrator or the further light concentrator by the at least one separating element does not result in any discontinuity in the course of the light concentrator or the further light concentrator.

A further development of the invention provides that at least one of the concentrator parts is elastically connected to the separating element. In order to avoid tensions within the light guide element, the concentrator parts are not rigidly connected to the separating element. Instead, an elastic connection, in particular an elastic fastening, is provided.

A further embodiment of the invention provides that the light passage space and/or at least one or all of the subspaces is/are gas-tight with respect to an external environment and/or an internal space. The external environment is understood to be an area outside the building and outside the building equipment. The internal space corresponds to a space delimited by the building and the building installation equipment. By means of the gas-tight design of the light passage space or the subspace or subspaces, a particularly good heat insulation effect and/or sound insulation effect of the building installation equipment can be achieved. In addition or alternatively, the penetration of moisture is prevented, so that the occurrence of moisture-related damage is effectively prevented.

A further preferred embodiment of the invention provides that at least one of the sub-chambers has a pressure equalization element or is fluidically connected to a pressure equalization chamber. This is particularly the case if the light passage chamber and/or the sub-chamber is designed to be gas-tight. Different pressures can arise in the sub-chamber due to different temperatures. This in turn leads to a mechanical load on the light guide element, in particular on the separating element delimiting the sub-chamber. For this reason, the pressure equalization element or the pressure equalization chamber is provided, with which the sub-chamber is fluidically connected.

The pressure compensation element is, for example, a compressible element which is compressed when the pressure in the sub-chamber increases and increases again when the pressure decreases, so that the pressure in the sub-chamber is always within a certain pressure range or even remains at least approximately constant. The pressure compensation element can be an inherently elastic element and in particular consist of a flexible material. Of course, it can also have at least one spring or the like which is compressed when the pressure increases and relaxes when the pressure decreases. Alternatively or in addition to the pressure compensation element, the pressure compensation chamber can be provided. This is preferably located outside the light guide element and has a sufficiently large fluid volume to absorb air flowing out of the sub-chamber or, conversely, to supply air to the sub-chamber. It is particularly preferably provided that the pressure compensation element is arranged in the pressure compensation chamber, wherein the pressure compensation chamber is fluidically connected to the sub-chamber.

In a further embodiment of the invention, it can be provided that at least two of the subchambers are fluidically connected to one another for pressure equalization, in particular by means of a capillary tube. The two subchambers are, for example, immediately adjacent subchambers, i.e. they are separated from one another by the separating element or one of the separating elements. In order to avoid excessive pressure differences between the subchambers, which would mechanically stress the separating element, pressure equalization should be established between the subchambers. For this purpose, they are fluidically connected to one another, namely by means of a fluid line, for example by means of a pipe. Alternatively, pressure equalization can be achieved via a pressure equalization opening formed in the separating element. In this case, the subchambers separated from one another by the separating element are fluidically connected to one another via the at least one pressure equalization opening.

The capillary tube is particularly preferably used for pressure equalization. The term capillary tube is understood to mean, for example, a tube whose longitudinal extension is significantly larger than its cross-sectional dimensions. For example, the capillary tube has a diameter of at most 0.25 mm, at most 0.5 mm, at most 0.75 mm or at most 1 mm. If there are more than two sub-chambers, all of the sub-chambers are preferably fluidically connected to one another, namely two of the sub-chambers each, in particular each by means of a capillary tube. This means that immediately adjacent sub-chambers are fluidically connected to one another. Accordingly, sub-chambers that are spaced apart from one another are only indirectly connected to one another. connected, namely via an intermediate one of the sub-chambers. It can be provided that at least one of the sub-chambers is in flow connection with the outside environment via a further capillary tube. The further capillary tube preferably has smaller cross-sectional dimensions or a smaller flow cross-section than the capillary tube. Of course, a design of the building installation device can also be realized in which only the at least one further capillary tube is present, but no capillary tube.

A further embodiment of the invention provides that a water adsorption and absorption device is arranged in the light passage space and/or at least one or each of the subspaces. This device serves to absorb moisture in order to avoid a moisture-related reduction in the light permeability of the light guide element, which can occur, for example, due to fogging. The device is in the form of a molecular sieve, for example, which is a drying agent. In addition, a seal can be implemented using butyl and/or polysulfide, with one serving as a primary barrier and the other as a secondary barrier.

A further preferred embodiment of the invention provides that the light concentrator and/or the further light concentrator have a metal coating. The metal coating serves in particular to provide a gas-tight design of the light concentrator or the further light concentrator. The metal coating provides a diffusion-tight design, so that the penetration of moisture is reliably prevented.

A further embodiment of the invention provides a light-guiding element which is designed to deflect light rays in the direction of the light concentrator and/or the further light concentrator in such a way that they are reflected in the direction of the light entry surface at a smaller first angle of incidence of the light and in the direction of the light exit surface at a larger second angle of incidence of the light. With the aid of the light-guiding element, only light which enters the light-guiding element at a certain angle of incidence is deflected in the direction of the light exit surface. The angle of incidence of the light is preferably understood to mean an angle between a surface normal perpendicular to the light entry surface and a light beam.

With a normal roof pitch, for example, the angle of incidence of light is smaller at midday than in the morning and/or evening. With the described design of the light-directing element, light is reflected in the direction of the light-emitting surface in particular when if less light enters the light guide element through the light entry surface. If, however, a large amount of light enters the light guide element through the light entry surface anyway, for example at midday, the interior should be prevented from heating up excessively. This is achieved by reflecting the light rays back in the direction of the light entry surface. The light therefore at least partially does not enter the interior through the light exit surface. This improves the heat insulation effect of the light guide element or heat protection, especially in summer.

The light-guiding element is particularly preferably adjustable so that the first angle of incidence of light and the second angle of incidence of light can be changed. For example, with a first setting of the light-guiding element, a larger part of the light is reflected in the direction of the light exit surface than with a second setting. The light-guiding element is adjusted using an actuator, in particular an electrical actuator. However, a thermal actuator can also be provided which adjusts the light-guiding element depending on a temperature, in particular a temperature present in the building installation. Additionally or alternatively, the adjustment can be made depending on a season and/or a time of day and/or a light intensity.

A further embodiment of the invention provides that the light-guiding element is present as a structured glass pane or as an awning with slats. The structured glass pane is understood to mean, for example, a so-called laser-cut panel, i.e. a glass pane structured on at least one side, preferably on the outside, using laser beams. Such a structured glass pane can of course also be present on the inside, for example as a light-guiding element or as part of this, for example in the form of the translucent pane. As an alternative to the design as a glass pane, the light-guiding element can also be present as an awning which has slats, in particular reflective slats.

A preferred further embodiment of the invention provides that there is a reflector spaced from the light exit surface, which deflects light rays exiting through the light exit surface onto a projection surface that encloses the light exit surface in section. The reflector is arranged on the side of the light exit surface facing away from the light guide element and is spaced from the light exit surface. In this respect, it is located in the interior. The reflector preferably overlaps the light exit surface when viewed from the interior, so that the light exit surface is not immediately visible to an average person in the interior, but is covered by the reflector.

The reflector is used to redirect the light rays emerging through the light exit surface, namely in such a way that they are redirected in the direction of the wall surrounding the light exit surface and hit it. The wall forms the projection surface, which encloses the light exit surface in section, preferably completely enclosing it. With the help of the reflector, only indirect lighting of the interior is achieved, thereby reducing or even completely preventing the glare caused by the light entering the interior in a concentrated manner through the light guide element.

Independently of this, it can be provided that a further light-permeable light-guiding element and/or a further light-permeable light-scattering element is arranged at a distance from the light exit surface. With regard to the further light-guiding element and the further light-scattering element, reference is made to the explanations on the light-guiding element and the light-scattering element. For example, it can be provided that the further light-guiding element and/or the further light-scattering element is arranged between the light exit surface and the reflector. It can also be provided that the reflector surrounds the light-guiding element or the light-scattering element at least in part or completely. In such a configuration, central light rays are guided through the light-guiding element or the light-scattering element, whereas light rays at the edges are reflected by the reflector.

A preferred embodiment of the invention provides that a lighting device comprising at least one electric light and/or a ventilation device and/or insulation is arranged on the side of the light concentrator facing away from the light passage space. Due to the curvature of the light concentrator, installation space is available on the side facing away from the light passage space, which can be used for other purposes, for example for arranging the lighting device and/or the ventilation device. The lighting device is preferably used to illuminate the interior, i.e. is arranged on the inside, i.e. on the side of the light guide element facing away from the light entry surface. The lighting device is arranged in such a way that the light emitted by it radiates in the same direction as the light emerging from the light exit surface, at least into the interior. The lighting device has at least one electric light, which in turn has an electrically operated light source.

The lighting device can additionally or alternatively be designed in such a way that it emits light into the light passage space, in particular - at least seen in cross section - into Direction of the light concentrator and/or the further light concentrator. The amount of light emitted by the lighting device, in particular into the light passage space, is preferably set such that the amount of light exiting the light exit surface is independent of the amount of light entering through the light entry surface. The amount of light emitted by the lighting device is set accordingly depending on the amount of light entering through the light entry surface. In this way, a constant illumination or a constant illuminance is always achieved on the side of the light exit surface.

In addition or as an alternative, the ventilation device can be present. The ventilation device serves to ventilate the interior and to this extent to implement an exchange of air between the outside environment and the interior. For example, the ventilation device takes fresh air from the outside environment and supplies it to the interior as supply air and/or takes exhaust air from the interior and supplies it to the outside environment in the form of exhaust air.

Additionally or alternatively, insulation can be provided which, for example, at least partially or completely fills a cavity delimited by the light concentrator or the additional light concentrator. For example, an entire side of the light concentrator or the additional light concentrator facing away from the light passage space is provided with such insulation, which lies directly against it or is attached to it. The insulation can consist of any insulating material, for example mineral wool, a foam material, for example expanded polystyrene (EPS) or polyethylene. This can significantly improve the insulating effect of the light guide element or the building installation device.

A further embodiment of the invention provides that the lighting device is arranged on the inside of the building installation device. As already explained above, the lighting device serves to illuminate the interior. Accordingly, it is arranged on the inside or at least designed to emit light in the direction of the interior. For example, a construction space in which the lighting device is arranged is delimited on its side facing away from the light concentrator by a surface which is arranged parallel or at least almost parallel with respect to the plane of symmetry. The surface can be arranged in such a way that it rests on the side of the light concentrator facing away from the light passage space. Due to the curvature of the light concentrator, this means - in cross section seen - a space is created which opens in the direction away from the light exit surface or in the direction facing the interior, in which the lighting device can easily be arranged.

A preferred embodiment of the invention provides that the lighting device has a ventilation channel which, viewed in cross section, is arranged at least in some areas between the light concentrator, the further light concentrator or the wall on the one hand and an inner lining of a building window, in particular a roof window, on the other hand, and is in particular delimited by these. The ventilation channel is thus located between the light guide element and the building window or its inner lining. For example, viewed in cross section, it is delimited by at least one element of the light guide element on the one hand and an element of the building window on the other hand.

For example, the ventilation duct is defined or formed jointly by the light concentrator and a surface of the inner lining facing the light concentrator, as seen in cross-section. Accordingly, no further air ducting elements or air ducts need to be provided. Alternatively, the building installation can of course have an outer wall that defines the ventilation duct and can therefore be self-contained. The limitation of the ventilation duct by the light concentrator or the further light concentrator can also serve to regulate the temperature of the air guided in the ventilation duct. Due to the light deflected by the light concentrator or the losses that occur during the deflection, the light concentrator heats up and can therefore also serve to heat the air.

Finally, within the scope of a further embodiment of the invention, it can be provided that in addition to the ventilation duct, there is a further ventilation duct, the ventilation duct and the further ventilation duct being designed as a supply air duct and an exhaust air duct, which are connected to one another in a heat-transfer manner. The two ventilation ducts can in principle be arranged in any way relative to one another. For example, when viewed in cross-section, they are fluidically separated from one another by a separating element, the ventilation duct being delimited in the manner described above by the light concentrator, the further light concentrator and/or the wall on the one hand and the separating element on the other hand, and the further ventilation duct being delimited by the separating element on the one hand and the inner lining of the building window on the other hand. It can of course also be provided that the two ventilation ducts are arranged next to one another in a plan view of the building installation device, so that each of the ventilation channels is arranged between the light concentrator, the further light concentrator or the wall on the one hand and the inner lining on the other hand or is delimited by them.

The ventilation duct and the additional ventilation duct are designed as a supply air duct and an exhaust air duct. Air from the outside environment can be supplied to the interior through the supply air duct, while air taken from the interior is supplied to the outside environment through the exhaust air duct. The supply air duct and the exhaust air duct should be connected to one another in a heat-transfer manner. This means that the air in the supply air duct is tempered, in particular heated, using heat contained in the air in the exhaust air duct. The ventilation device therefore has a heat recovery function.

The invention further relates to a building window device with a building window, in particular a roof window, and a light-guiding building installation device, in particular a building installation device according to the above statements, for an arrangement on the building that at least partially penetrates a wall and/or roof construction and/or a roof skin of a building according to claim 13.

The advantages of such a design of the building installation device and the building window device have already been mentioned above. Both the building window device and the building installation device can be further developed in accordance with the above statements, so reference is made to these in this respect.

In addition to the building installation device, the building window device has the building window, in particular the roof window, which can have the inner lining already mentioned above. For example, the building window and the building installation device are designed in the form of the building window device for joint arrangement on the roof and are attached to one another in this respect. However, it can also be provided that the building installation device as an attachment for the building window, so that first the building window is arranged or attached to the building or the roof window to the roof and then the building installation device is attached to the building window or roof window. The attachment can take place during initial installation of the building window or as part of a retrofit at a time interval from the initial installation.

Figur 1

eine Querschnittdarstellung einer Gebäudefenstereinrichtung, welche eine Gebäudeeinbaueinrichtung sowie ein Gebäudefensteraufweist,

Figur 2

eine schematische Querschnittdarstellung eines Lichtführungselements der Gebäudeeinbaueinrichtung in einer ersten Ausführungsform, welcher kein Teil der Erfindung ist,

Figur 3

eine schematische Darstellung des Lichtführungselements in einer zweiten Ausführungsform, welcher kein Teil der Erfindung ist,

Figur 4

eine schematische Darstellung des Lichtführungselements in einer dritten Ausführungsform,

Figur 5

eine schematische Darstellung des Lichtführungselements in einer vierten Ausführungsform,

Figur 6

eine schematische Querschnittsdarstellung des Lichtführungselements mit einem vorgelagerten Reflektor, sowie

Figur 7

eine schematische Querschnittsdarstellung des Lichtführungselements.

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawing, without limiting the invention. In the drawing:

Figure 1

a cross-sectional view of a building window device, which has a building installation device and a building window,

Figure 2

a schematic cross-sectional view of a light guide element of the building installation device in a first embodiment, which is not part of the invention,

Figure 3

a schematic representation of the light guide element in a second embodiment, which is not part of the invention,

Figure 4

a schematic representation of the light guide element in a third embodiment,

Figure 5

a schematic representation of the light guide element in a fourth embodiment,

Figure 6

a schematic cross-sectional view of the light guide element with a reflector in front, as well as

Figure 7

a schematic cross-sectional view of the light guide element.

The Figure 1 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a building window device 1, which is designed here purely as an example as a roof window device. The building window device 1 has a building window 2, in particular a roof window, and a building installation device 3, in particular a roof installation device. The building window device 1 or the building window 2 and the building installation device 3 are each intended for arrangement on a building, in particular on a roof 4, which is only indicated here. The roof 4 has a roof structure 5 and a roof skin 6, which is supported by the roof structure 5. The roof 4 separates an external environment 7 from an internal space 8.

However, the building window 2 creates an optical visual connection between the interior 8 and the outside environment 7, or vice versa. For this purpose, the building window 2 has glazing 9, through which light from the outside environment 7 can reach the interior 8. The building window 2 can preferably be opened. For this purpose, it has, for example, a frame attached to the roof 4 and a sash frame that can be moved relative to the frame. The glazing 9 is arranged on the sash frame, i.e. can be moved together with it, in particular pivoted. The building window 2 has an inner lining 11 for connection to a wall surface 10 delimiting the interior 8. The inner lining 11 preferably connects the frame of the building window 2 to the wall surface 10 in a visually clean manner.

The building installation device 3 is arranged adjacent to the building window 2, in particular above the building window 2, when viewed in cross section. Preferably, it is directly adjacent to the building window 2. The building installation device 3 serves to guide light from the outside environment 7 into the interior 8. For this purpose, it has a light guide element 12 which has a translucent light entry surface 13 arranged on the outside of the building installation device 3 and a translucent light exit surface 14 arranged on the inside. It should be noted that both the light entry surface 13 and the light exit surface 14 can each be merely an imaginary surface.

The light entry surface 13 and the light exit surface 14 delimit a light passage space 15 on opposite sides. The light entry surface 13 is arranged on the side of the light passage space 15 facing the outside environment 7 and the light exit surface 14 is arranged on the side of the light passage space 15 facing the interior 8. The light entry surface 13 and the light exit surface 14 are preferably each located in an imaginary plane, with these planes running parallel to one another. Alternatively, however, the planes can also be angled towards one another.

Viewed in cross section, a light concentrator 16 runs between the light entry surface 13 and the light exit surface 14. This has a mirror surface 17 facing the light passage space 15, which is reflective. The mirror surface 17 is produced, for example, by means of a reflective coating of a base body of the light concentrator 16. Alternatively, Of course, the light concentrator 16 or its base body itself can be reflective.

The light concentrator 16 extends from the light entry surface 13 to the light exit surface 14, thus connecting them in cross-section. A further light concentrator 18 with a further mirror surface 19 is arranged opposite the light concentrator 16. The mirror surfaces 17 and 19 of the light concentrators 16 and 18 face each other, thus each arranged on their side facing the light passage space 15. The light concentrator 18 also preferably connects the light entry surface 13 with the light exit surface 14.

The light concentrators 16 and 18 are preferably designed identically in principle, but are arranged as mirror images of one another. Accordingly, they are symmetrical to one another with respect to a plane of symmetry 20 running through the light passage space 15. The light concentrators 16 and 18 reflect light incident through the light entry surface 13 in the direction of the light exit surface 14, so that the reflected light exits at least partially through the light exit surface 14 from the building installation device 3 in the direction facing away from the light entry surface 13.

In addition to the light guide element 12, the building installation device 3 is assigned an (optional) lighting device 21 which has at least one electric lamp 22. The lamp 22 has an electric light source, for example a light-emitting diode or the like. The lighting device 21 is arranged in an installation space 23 which is present due to a curvature of the light concentrator 18.

Additionally or alternatively, the building installation device 3 can have a ventilation device 24. This has at least one ventilation duct 25, which in the embodiment shown here is designed as a supply air duct. Accordingly, air can be introduced from the outside environment 7 into the interior 8 through the ventilation duct 25 in the direction of the arrow 26. The ventilation device 24 has for this purpose at least one air conveying device 27, for example a fan or the like. The ventilation device 24 is preferably equipped with a heat recovery system.

For example, air can be extracted from the interior 8 using the ventilation device 24 and then fed to the outside environment 7. The air contained in this Heat can be used to control the temperature of the air supplied to the interior 8.

It is clearly visible that the ventilation channel 25, seen in cross section, is limited on the one hand by the light concentrator 16 and on the other hand by the inner lining 11 of the building window 2. Again, the simple arrangement of the ventilation device 24 is possible primarily due to the curvature of the light concentrator 16.

The Figure 2 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of the light guide element 12 in a first embodiment, without a separating element, and thus not according to the invention. It is clear that both light concentrators 16 and 18 are parabolically curved and have a curvature which changes continuously from the light entry surface 13 to the light exit surface 14. The light concentrator 16 is curved in such a way that it focuses the light striking it in a focal point 28, while the light concentrator 18 focuses the light striking it in a focal point 29. The focal points 28 and 29 are both located in the light exit surface 14, in particular they limit it on opposite sides when viewed in cross section.

Also indicated are several light rays 30 which enter the light guide element 12 or the light passage space 15 through the light entry surface 13. These strike the light concentrator 18 or pass through the focal point 28. The light rays striking the light concentrator 18 are reflected, namely in the direction of the focal point 29, so that they pass through it. By suitably designing the light concentrator 16, it can be achieved that all rays which enter through the light entry surface 13 in an angular range of θ < θ _max . are reflected in the direction of the light exit surface 14. The same applies to the light concentrator 18. Due to the symmetrical structure of the light guide element 12, all light rays within an angular range of size 2θ _max . which centrally encloses the plane of symmetry 20 will therefore strike the light exit surface 14 and pass through it. A concentration C results for the design of the light guide element 12 shown here as $$C=\frac{A}{a}=\frac{1}{\sin \left({\theta }_{\mathrm{Max}}\right)}.$$

For a height H of the light guide element 12 one obtains $$H=\frac{a}{2}\left(1+C\right)\sqrt{1-\frac{1}{C^2}}.$$

Indicated here is an angle range 31 under which the light rays 30 shown here exit through the light exit surface 14. In the given equations, A is the size of the light entry surface 13 and a is the size of the light exit surface 14.

The Figure 3 shows a second embodiment of the light guide element 12, without a separating element, and thus not in accordance with the invention. Reference is made in full to the above statements. In addition, a divergence element 32 and a light scattering element 33 are now provided, both of which are optional. The divergence element 32 is in the form of a honeycomb plate, which is arranged completely within the light guide element 12, or has one. The divergence element 32 allows the incoming light rays 30 to pass partially and also partially reflects them. Accordingly, further light rays arise from each of the light rays 30, so that the light rays resulting from the light beam 30 partially impinge on the light concentrator 16 and partially on the light concentrator 18 and are reflected accordingly in the direction of the focal points 28 and 29. With the help of the light scattering element 33, on the other hand, an expansion and homogenization of the light exiting through the light exit surface 14 can be achieved. The light scattering element 33 can be in the form of a non-absorbing fiber fleece with thin fibers, a powder coating or even frosted glass.

If, for example, an area of 25° to 65° (the highest point of the sun in Germany at midday on the solstice) is to be covered on a roof 4 inclined at 45° and facing south, a concentration of C = 3 is obtained according to the equation given above with symmetrical installation (symmetry plane 20 corresponds to a roof normal) and a resulting angle θ _max = 20°. The concentration C corresponds to the size of the light entry surface 13 in relation to the size of the light exit surface 14 seen in cross-section. In the present example, a width of the light entry surface 13 of 30 cm is reduced to a width of the light exit surface 14 of 10 cm. The height H of the light guide element 12 is approximately 18.85 cm, but could be reduced by up to 50% without major losses. The building installation device 3 is therefore very well suited for integration into the roof 4, particularly in conjunction with the building window 2.

The Figure 4 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of the building window device 1 in a third embodiment according to the invention. Basically, reference is made to the above statements and the differences are discussed below. These are that the light concentrator 16 and the further light concentrator 18 are each divided into several concentrator parts 35 and 36 by means of several separating elements 34. Two of the concentrator parts 35 and 36 respectively rest on opposite sides of each of the separating elements 34. In the embodiment shown here, the separating elements 34 are at the same distance from one another. However, different distances can also be implemented.

The separating elements 34 divide the light passage space 15 into several sub-spaces 37. It is now preferably provided that the sub-spaces 37 are fluidically connected to one another, namely via capillary tubes 38. Pressure equalization between the sub-spaces 37 can be achieved via the capillary tubes 38. A further difference to the already described embodiments of the building installation device 1 is that the light exit surface 14 is now not directly adjacent to the light concentrator 16 or the light concentrator 18, but rather is present on a light guide element 39, which is preferably designed as a wall passage element. The light guide element 39 thus penetrates the wall surface 10 (not shown here). On the side of the interior space 8, it is preferably flush with the wall surface 10. However, it can also protrude beyond the wall surface 10 and protrude into the interior space 8.

In the embodiment shown here, the light-guiding element 39 has two spaced-apart disks 40 which are spaced apart from one another by means of a spacer 41. In addition, the light-guiding element 39 is attached at a distance to a concentrator element 43 forming the light concentrator 16 and/or the further light concentrator via a further spacer 42. The spacer 42 is preferably flexible or elastic. A water adsorption and/or absorption device (not shown separately here) can be arranged between the disks 40. For example, this is integrated into the spacer 41.

Going beyond the above embodiments, an external cover 44 is also shown for the light guide element 12 or the building installation device 1, by means of which the light guide element 12 is sealed weatherproof on the outside. The cover 44 can be attached to the concentrator element 43 at a distance via a further spacer 45. The light entry surface 13 is preferably present on this cover 44. The cover 44 is particularly preferably in the form of a light-directing element, which in turn can be designed as a structured glass pane.

The Figure 5 shows a fourth embodiment of the building installation device 1 according to the invention in a schematic representation. It can now be seen that the light guide element 39 serves as a wall passage element and in this respect a wall 46 forming the wall surface 10 extends through. In contrast to the embodiment of the building installation device 1 described above, only a single separating element 34 is provided. However, it goes without saying that in principle any number of separating elements 34 can be present or the building installation device 1 can also be designed entirely without such a separating element 34.

The embodiment shown here has a roller blind 47, which is shown in three different positions as an example. For example, the roller blind 47 is arranged adjacent to the cover 44 or next to it, in any case within the light guide element 12. Alternatively, the roller 47 can also be arranged between the panes 40, i.e. in the light guide element 39 or in the interior in front of the light exit surface 14. With the help of the roller blind 47, an effective light passage area of the building installation device 1 or the light guide element 12 can be set.

The Figure 6 shows a schematic representation of the building installation device 1 or the light guide element 12 in a further embodiment. Basically, reference is made to the above statements. In addition, only a reflector 48 is shown here, which is arranged in front of the light exit surface 14 of the light guide element 12. The reflector 48 is spaced from the light exit surface 14 and designed such that light rays exiting through the light exit surface 14 are deflected onto a projection surface 49. The projection surface 49 is located on the wall 46 and is formed, for example, by the wall surface 10, thus representing part of the wall surface 10. The projection surface 49 preferably completely surrounds the light exit surface 14. The reflector 48 is designed such that it deflects the light rays in such a way that, at least when viewed in section, they strike the projection surface 49 on both sides of the light exit surface 14. For this purpose, the reflector 48 consists, for example, of two mirror surfaces 50 inclined towards each other.

The Figure 7 shows a schematic representation of the building installation device 1 or the light guide element 12, wherein light rays 30 are shown at different times of day. The light rays 30 emitted by a higher sun 51 are present, for example, at midday, whereas the light rays emitted by a lower sun 52 are present in the morning or evening. It can be seen that the light rays 30 enter the light guide element 12 at different angles of incidence at different times of day.

As already explained above, the cover 44 is now designed as a light-guiding element which is designed to deflect light rays in the direction of the light concentrator 16 and the further light concentrator 18 in such a way that they are reflected in the direction of the light entry surface 13 at a smaller first angle of incidence of the light and in the direction of the light exit surface 14 at a larger second angle of incidence of the light. This is indicated here. For example, the light-guiding element is designed in such a way that a larger part of the light rays are reflected back in the direction of the light entry surface 13 at the smaller first angle of incidence of the light and a smaller part of the light rays 30 are reflected back in the direction of the light entry surface 13 at the larger second angle of incidence of the light, in particular a smaller part than for the first angle of incidence of the light.

Claims (13)

1. Light guiding building fitting device (3), in particular for a building window device (1), for arrangement on a building, at least partially penetrating a wall and/or roof construction (5) and/or a roof cladding (6) of the building, wherein the building fitting device (3) comprises at least one light guiding element (12), which comprises a translucent light entry surface (13) arranged on an outside of the building fitting device (3), a translucent light emitting surface (14) arranged on an inside and at least one reflective light concentrator (16) which, viewed in cross-section, is at least partially curved parabolically and/or with changing curvature and extends from the light entry surface (13) to the light emitting surface (14), which reflects light entering through the light entry surface (13) in the direction of the light emitting surface (14), which is smaller in cross-section, so that the reflected light emerges at least partially through the light emitting surface (14) from the building fitting device (3) in the direction away from the light entry surface (13), wherein the light concentrator (16), viewed in cross-section, at least partially delimits a light transmission room (15) extending from the light entry surface (13) to the light emitting surface (14), characterised in that the light transmission room (15) is divided into a plurality of partial rooms (37) by means of at least one translucent partition element (34).
2. Building fitting device according to claim 1, characterised in that the light guiding element (12) is closed and/or covered on the outside in a weatherproof manner.
3. Building fitting device according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the light transmission room (15), viewed in cross-section, is delimited at least partially by a reflecting further light concentrator (18) located opposite the light concentrator (16) or by a wall located opposite the light concentrator (16).
4. Building fitting device according to claim 3, characterised in that the further light concentrator (18) or the wall is designed symmetrically to the light concentrator (16) with respect to a plane of symmetry (20) extending through the light transmission room (15).
5. Building fitting device according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the further light concentrator (18) or the wall extends from the light entry surface (13) to the light emitting surface (14).
6. Building fitting device according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the light entry surface (13) is provided on a translucent divergence element (32) and/or the light emitting surface (14) is provided on a translucent light conducting element (39) or a translucent light diffusing element (33).
7. Building fitting device according to claim 6, characterised in that the divergence element (32) comprises a honeycomb body, in particular made of a transparent material.
8. Building fitting device according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the light diffusing element (33) comprises a non-woven material, a powder material, a frosted and/or surface-structured light transmission element, a light-diffusing film and/or an aerogel, in particular a translucent or transparent and/or heat-insulating aerogel.
9. Building fitting device according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that a lighting device (21) comprising at least one electric light (22) and/or a ventilation device (24) and/or an insulation is arranged on the side of the light concentrator (16) facing away from the light transmission room (15).
10. Building fitting device according to claim 9, characterised in that the lighting device (21) is arranged on the inside of the building fitting device (3).
11. Building fitting device according to claim 9, characterised in that the ventilation device (24) comprises a ventilation channel (25) which, viewed in cross-section, is arranged at least partially between the light concentrator (16), the further light concentrator (18) or the wall on the one hand and an inner lining (11) of a building window (2) on the other hand, in particular is delimited by the latter.
12. Building fitting device according to claim 11, characterised in that, in addition to the ventilation channel (25), a further ventilation channel is provided, wherein the ventilation channel (25) and the further ventilation channel are designed as a supply air channel and an exhaust air channel, which are connected to one another in a heat-transferring manner.
13. Building window device (1) with a building window (2) and a light guiding building fitting device (3), in particular a building fitting device (3) according to one or more of the preceding claims, for arrangement on a building, at least partially penetrating a wall and/or roof construction (5) and/or a roof cladding (6) of the building, wherein the building fitting device (3) comprises at least one light guiding element (12), which comprises a translucent light entry surface (13) arranged on an outside of the building fitting device (3), a translucent light emitting surface (14) arranged on an inside and at least one reflective light concentrator (16) which, viewed in cross-section, is at least partially curved parabolically and/or with changing curvature, which reflects light entering through the light entry surface (13) in the direction of the light emitting surface (14), so that the reflected light emerges at least partially through the light emitting surface (14) from the building fitting device (3) in the direction away from the light entry surface (13), wherein the light concentrator (16), viewed in cross-section, at least partially delimits a light transmission room (15) extending from the light entry surface (13) to the light emitting surface (14), characterised in that the light transmission room (15) is divided into a plurality of partial rooms (37) by means of at least one translucent partition element (34).

Images