EP3313710B1 - Système et procédé d'élimination de court-circuit dans un bus d'alimentation - Google Patents

Système et procédé d'élimination de court-circuit dans un bus d'alimentation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3313710B1
EP3313710B1 EP16721138.2A EP16721138A EP3313710B1 EP 3313710 B1 EP3313710 B1 EP 3313710B1 EP 16721138 A EP16721138 A EP 16721138A EP 3313710 B1 EP3313710 B1 EP 3313710B1
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Prior art keywords
network node
snd
snd1
snd7
short circuit
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3313710A1 (fr
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Martin Hediger
Anton Reichlin
Daniel Sigg
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Siemens Mobility AG
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Siemens Mobility AG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L19/00—Arrangements for interlocking between points and signals by means of a single interlocking device, e.g. central control
    • B61L19/06—Interlocking devices having electrical operation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L27/00—Central railway traffic control systems; Trackside control; Communication systems specially adapted therefor
    • B61L27/70—Details of trackside communication

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  • the present invention relates to a system and a method for automatically eliminating a short circuit in an energy bus, are supplied via the arranged in an industrial plant decentralized functional units with electrical energy.
  • Such decentralized functional units are used in particular in rail transport networks such as the railroad, where these are used to control vehicle influencing and / or vehicle monitoring units and to monitor functionality and to record process data and back to a central control and / or Monitoring center, such as a control center or a signal box, to report.
  • a central control and / or Monitoring center such as a control center or a signal box
  • As Switzerlandbeeinu units that give instructions to the driver or even make direct intervention in the vehicle control or directly set a safe track for example, signals, points, balises, line conductors, track magnets and the like, as well as sensors for detecting process variables of the moving train, such as power consumption, speed and the like.
  • train and track section monitoring units can also balise and line conductors, but also axle and track circuits and other train detection systems are called.
  • the present invention relates to all industrial plants in which functional units are distributed over long distances and yet must be centrally controlled.
  • the central controller can be perceived by a stationary control center, but also by
  • a digital data transport network be used, which is robust in any way against a simple fault event, yet a very skillful use of very widely used in railway engineering Cu cables, for example, previously available interlocking cables, allowed and finally only a relatively small number of network access points needed.
  • Such a device is used in a particularly advantageous manner for a rail network for rail transport. Consequently, it is then expedient, by means of the decentralized functional units traffic-monitoring and traffic-controlling functional units, such as in particular signals, switches, axle counter, track circuits, point and line-shaped train control elements to couple to the data transport network.
  • traffic-monitoring and traffic-controlling functional units such as in particular signals, switches, axle counter, track circuits, point and line-shaped train control elements to couple to the data transport network.
  • the supply of the connected consumers can take place from both supply sides. This creates a previously unavailable redundancy of the energy supply.
  • the decentralized functional units also known as element controllers or EC for short
  • EC element controllers
  • SNDs bus couplers
  • the SNDs can interrupt or bypass the power bus, as well as measure currents and voltages in the power bus.
  • the present invention is therefore based on the object of specifying a system and a method for the automatic elimination of a short circuit in an energy bus, which provides decentralized functional units arranged in an industrial plant with electrical energy.
  • the short circuit in the power bus should be reliably and quickly detectable and localizable, so that immediate measures to restore the correct function of the power bus can be initiated.
  • the network node units closest to the short circuit first of all interrupt the power bus, whereby this interruption takes place by opening the switch of the network node unit directed in each case to the side of the short circuit.
  • this shutdown is configured for each network node unit in dependence on the current direction and the position in the power bus.
  • Each network node unit therefore knows its respective shutdown time as soon as a short circuit has been detected.
  • a short circuit can be characterized, for example, a state of the power bus, which exceeds a pre-configured shutdown and / or drops the voltage of the power bus below a pre-configured shutdown voltage.
  • the network node furthest away from this feed point has the earliest switch-off time for separating the power bus to the other feed point and the further switch-off times are sequentially staggered from network node unit to network node unit with a predeterminable time interval increase toward the feeding point.
  • this predeterminable time interval can be in the single-digit millisecond range, preferably for example 1 ms.
  • this time interval depends on the dimensioning of the power bus and the decentralized functional unit. For example, is the maximum number of network node units sequentially arranged in the power bus 16 network node units, results under the boundary condition that a decentralized functional unit E can buffer a supply interruption for 20 ms, the value of about one millisecond for this time interval (when stocking a small reserve).
  • a cascaded shutdown of the network node units could also be provided, in which case the staggered shutdown for separating the power bus from network node units can be executed until the evaluation module negates the presence of a short circuit.
  • a further advantageous embodiment of the invention can be realized if the evaluation module sends a message about the presence of the short circuit together with a time stamp to all network node units after the detection of a short circuit.
  • this variant requires a sufficiently fast communication between the evaluation module and the network node units.
  • a further advantageous embodiment of the invention which in this respect requires virtually no communication between the network node units for the selective shutdown of the power bus, can be achieved if each network node unit itself has the evaluation module.
  • each network node unit can automatically detect the presence of a short circuit. With the detection of the short circuit therefore starts the time until the respective shutdown time of the network node unit, this shutdown is configured for each network node unit in dependence on the current direction and the position in the power bus.
  • Each network node unit therefore knows its respective shutdown time. The time up to this switch-off time begins to run in the moment of detection of the short circuit.
  • FIG. 1 schematically shows an interlocking architecture with a system Sys, which has, inter alia, a signal box STW, a redunant degraded data backbone NB1, NB2, a data bus CB and an energy bus EB with two feed points PS1 and PS2.
  • the interlocking STW controls a train traffic on a track section G, in which signals S, points W, a level crossing Bue and axle counter AC are arranged.
  • These train protection and train control components each couple to a decentralized functional unit - also called element controller unit E - on the data bus CB and the power bus EB.
  • the decentralized functional units E are so on connected to the annular data bus CB that either access to the data backbone NB1 or NB2 is given on each side of the annular data bus CB.
  • the sequential connection of the Element Controller Unit E to the annular power bus ensures that each Element Controller Unit E provides redundant electrical power from both sides Energy can be supplied.
  • FIG. 2 now shows schematically the data and power supply connection of the Element Controller Unit E of a train control component, here for example a switch W, to the data bus CB and the power bus EB.
  • a train control component here for example a switch W
  • Such an attachment point comprises a network node unit SND and the actual element controller EC.
  • the network node unit SND comprises a communication unit SCU for data exchange over both branches of the data bus CB.
  • the network node unit SND is designed so that it couples to both branches of the power bus EB and thus always, if necessary, across other network node units SND away - an access to both feed points PS1 and PS2 consists (as in FIG. 1 shown).
  • the network node unit SND further has a control and evaluation logic SL, which can be integrated, for example, in the switching module S, and thus controls and monitors the power bus EB.
  • the control and evaluation logic detects current violations and / or voltage dips within the power bus EB and / or the connected consumer (SPU with EC) and evaluates this data for a possibly present short circuit.
  • the network node unit is always supplied in redundant manner from two sides with electrical energy and therefore has in the context of a switching module S. via a left switch S1 and a right switch S2 and via a load switch S3 to the supply unit SPU of the element controller EC.
  • the network node unit SND also supplies the communication unit SCU with voltage and can also exchange data with it via an Ethernet connection and is thus integrated into the data bus CB (eg activation of manual operation of the SND via remote access and actuation of the switches S1 to S3, delivery of diagnostic data to the interlocking or a higher-level service and Diagnoseytem, query the current voltages, currents, energy and power values, parameterization of the SND, data for charging a not further illustrated energy storage or the registration of a future power requirements).
  • the supply unit SPU is integrated via the switch S3, which converts the voltage of the power bus EB to the input voltage required for the element controller EC.
  • a data connection between the switching module S of the network node unit SND and the supply unit SPU, for example in the form of a serial RS 422, is provided.
  • Energy-technically typical here is, for example, a three-phase connection with 400 VAC.
  • the element controller EC controls and supplies in FIG. 2
  • the switch W receives the element controller EC data telegrams from a higher-level interlocking CPU via an Ethernet connection from the communication unit SCU and are via this communication unit SCU feedback to the interlocking computer CPU.
  • the interlocking computer CPU can also represent a corresponding evaluation module that evaluates the received data as intended. In the present case, however, emphasis is placed in this embodiment on the control and evaluation logic integrated in the network node unit.
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic view of three examples a) to c) for the short-circuit shutdown of the power bus EB by the respective affected network node units.
  • PS1 and PS2 are the feed points for the power bus EB.
  • the feed point PS1 is also referred to as the left feed point PS1 and, correspondingly, the feed point PS2 is referred to as the right feed point PS2.
  • seven network node units SND1 to SND7 are sequentially connected in the power bus EB.
  • the entire power consumers of the Element Controller Unit E are hereby referred to as consumers V1 to V7. Power consumers in this sense include the Element Controller EC and the upstream supply unit SPU. This notation was used in the FIG. 3 for the sake of clarity, only for example a) is inserted and applies correspondingly to examples b) and c).
  • Each network node unit SND1 to SND7 measures the bus current i and the direction in which the bus current flows. If the limit value for the short-circuit current is exceeded and / or the bus voltage falls below a defined value, the respective network node unit enters a short-circuit mode.
  • the power bus is not immediately disconnected by the network node units SND1 to SND7, but the response of the bus shutdown is staggered eg in ms steps as in the table in FIG. 4 shown.
  • the waiting time of the network node unit SND1 to SND7 depends on the position in the energy bus EB and on the number of network node units SND1 to SND7 present in the energy bus EB.
  • the short circuit KS1 case no longer exists for the entire remaining left branch of the power bus. There is therefore no further shutdown of the right branch of the power bus.
  • the network node unit SND1 on the far left would have been the first network node unit which would have interrupted the connection to the left branch of the power bus by opening its left switch S1.
  • the network node unit SND which is closest to the short circuit, automatically switches off first.
  • the network node units further afield on the respective branch are no longer short-circuiting at the time they are allowed to shut down.
  • the short circuit occurs between the network node units SND4 and SND5 (case b).
  • the current i flows here for the network node units SND1 to SND4 from the left and for the network node units SND5 to SND7 from the right.
  • the network node unit SND4 is the first network node unit in the power bus EB, which opens after the detection of the short circuit at time T0 in the case of "power from the left" their right switch S2 at time T0 + 4ms. This eliminates the short-circuit KS2 for the network node units SND1 to SND4 after 4 ms.
  • the network node unit SND5 opens its left switch S1 at time T0 + 5ms, as indicated in the table for the network node unit SND5 at "power from the right". This eliminates the short-circuit KS2 for the network node units SND5 to SND7 after 5 ms. Now, if the two network node units SND4 and SND5 have their switches S2 and S1 open, the short circuit is disconnected from the power bus EB and the currents and voltages normalize immediately, so that the other network node units, here SND1 to SND3, SND6 and SND7 no longer turn.
  • KS3 occurs the short circuit between the network node units SND1 and SND2.
  • the short-circuit current only flows for the network node unit SND1 from the left (ie supply from the left supply point PS1) and for the network node units SND2 to SND7 on the right (ie supply from the right-hand supply point SP2).
  • the network node unit SND2 is the first network node unit in the power bus EB, which opens after the detection of the short circuit at time T0 in the case of "power from the right" their left switch S1 at time T0 + 2ms.
  • the network node unit SND1 opens its right switch S2 at time T0 + 7 ms, as shown in the table for the network node unit SND1 is provided at "power from the left”. This eliminates the short-circuit KS3 for the network node unit SND1 after 7 ms. If the two network node units SND2 and SND1 have now opened their switches S1 and S2, the short circuit is disconnected from the energy bus EB after 7 ms and the currents and voltages normalize immediately, so that the other network node units, here SND3 to SND7, no longer switch ,
  • the exemplary embodiments described above thus explain a system and a method which, in the case of a short circuit on the energy bus EB, selectively separates the power bus at that track section such that only that track section at which the short circuit actually takes place is disconnected.
  • the selective separation of the bus takes place via the network node units SND (Sigrid Node Device), which are used along the energy bus EB. Since the supply of the power bus EB is redundant, so remain all connected to the power bus EB consumers V1 to V7 available and there are no restrictions for the industrial plant, here for the rail traffic. With the detection of the short-circuit case KS1 to KS3 a diagnostic message is issued, so that the defective track part can be repaired and the system can be repaired again.
  • the element controllers for example, control and signaling devices for track vacancy, signal control, level crossing control and points control
  • PSU Power Supply Unit
  • the existence of a short-circuit case is affirmative if the bus current i exceeds a pre-configured switch-off current and optionally the bus voltage drops below a specific limit of, for example nominally 750 VDC to below 500 VDC. These values can also be lower or higher.
  • the network node units and their consumers V1 to V7 with their upstream voltage converters PSU are robust for a voltage interruption of up to approximately 20 ms. These values may also be differently dimensioned for other embodiments, such as e.g. 30ms or 50ms.
  • the particular inventive whistle lies in the fact that the energy bus EB sequentially integrated network node units SND depending on the position of the network node unit in the power bus EB and the current direction in the network node unit have staggered bus off times. These switch-off times depend on the current direction of the power bus EB in the considered network node unit SND.
  • the use of the position of the network node unit SND in the power bus EB in combination with the current direction on the power bus EB, is the key for determining the individual switch-off delay of the network node SND participating in the power bus EB as well as for the location of the link, lying on the between two network node units SND the short circuit has occurred.
  • the method and the system Sys need thus no communication between the network node units SND to perform the selective bus shutdown, it suffices a prior configuration in the network node unit SND with respect to the position of the network node unit SND on the power bus EB (number in the bus order) and the number SND at the same energy bus.
  • the max. Number of SNDs to be considered for the calculation of the shutdown times is not limited to 16.
  • the network node unit SND When configuring the network node unit, the network node unit SND must therefore be informed as to how many SND are present in the bus and at which position it is located. From this information, the SND can then also calculate the necessary reaction times for switching off in the event of a short circuit, whereby the provision of the corresponding formula also predetermines the switch-off time.
  • a short circuit of a consumer connected to the network node unit SND V1 to V7 has for the remaining network node units SND on the power bus EB the same effect as a short circuit in the power bus EB.
  • the affected network node unit SND switches the consumer V1 to V7ab without delay, so that there are no bus shutdowns. If, in this case, a network node unit does not switch off the load immediately, the immediately adjacent network node unit would disconnect the faulty network node unit with its consumer causing the short circuit from the power bus on both sides.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Remote Monitoring And Control Of Power-Distribution Networks (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Système (Sys) d'élimination automatique d'un court-circuit dans un bus d'alimentation (EB) via lequel des unités fonctionnelles décentralisées (E) agencées dans une installation industrielle sont alimentées en énergie électrique,
    a) un système de commande (STW) principal étant prévu, lequel échange des informations avec les unités fonctionnelles décentralisées (E) au moyen de télégrammes de données via un bus de données (CB, NB1, NB2),
    b) des unités de noeuds de réseau (SND, SND1 à SND7) étant agencées séquentiellement entre deux points d'alimentation (PS1, PS2) d'un bus d'alimentation (EB) de structure annulaire qui fournissent aux unités fonctionnelles décentralisées (E) l'accès au bus d'alimentation (EB) ainsi que, en option, au bus de données (CB),
    c) les unités de noeuds de réseau (SND) disposant d'un module de commutation commandable (S) qui comprend un premier commutateur (S1) et un deuxième commutateur (S2), respectivement un accès aux deux points d'alimentation (PS1, PS2) pouvant être commuté au moyen des deux commutateurs (S1, S2), caractérisé en ce que :
    d) un module d'analyse (CPU, SL) est prévu, lequel analyse la tension mesurée et/ou le courant mesuré dans une unité de noeud de réseau (SND) et/ou entre unités de noeuds de réseau voisines (SND) et/ou dans au moins un des deux points d'alimentation (PS1, PS2) quant à un court-circuit du bus d'alimentation (EB), une coupure échelonnée dans le temps d'au moins une partie des unités de noeuds de réseau (SND) du bus d'alimentation (EB) pouvant, en cas de détection d'un court-circuit, être exécutée par ouverture du premier ou du deuxième commutateur (S1, S2) et
    e) un instant de coupure étant prévu, pour chaque unité de noeud de réseau (SND), en fonction d'un sens de courant dominant dans l'unité de noeud de réseau (SND) et de la position de l'unité de noeud de réseau (SND) dans le bus d'alimentation (EB).
  2. Système selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que, étant donné un flux de courant traversant un des deux points d'alimentation (PS1, PS2), l'unité de noeud de réseau (SND, SND1 à SND7) la plus éloignée de ce point d'alimentation (PS1, PS2) présente l'instant de coupure le plus précoce pour déconnecter le bus d'alimentation (EB) de l'autre point d'alimentation (PS1, PS2) et les autres instants de coupure augmentent séquentiellement d'unité de noeud de réseau (SND, SND1 à SND7) en unité de noeud de réseau (SND, SND1 à SND7), de manière échelonnée avec un intervalle de temps prédéterminable, en direction du point d'alimentation (PS1, PS2) qui assure l'alimentation.
  3. Système selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que l'intervalle de temps prédéterminable est de l'ordre de la milliseconde et est de préférence de 1 ms.
  4. Système selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la coupure échelonnée pour déconnecter le bus d'alimentation (EB) d'unités de noeuds de réseau (SND, SND1 à SND7) peut être exécutée jusqu'à ce que le module d'analyse (CPU, SL) nie la présence d'un court-circuit.
  5. Système selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le module d'analyse (CPU, SL) envoie à toutes les unités de noeuds de réseau (SND, SND1 à SND7), après la détection d'un court-circuit, une communication sur la présence du court-circuit accompagnée d'un timbre temporel.
  6. Système selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que chaque unité de noeud de réseau (SND, SND1 à SND7) connaît l'instant de coupure respectif pour les deux sens du flux de courant.
  7. Système selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que chaque unité de noeud de réseau (SND, SND1 à SND7) dispose d'un module d'analyse (SL).
  8. Procédé d'élimination automatique d'un court-circuit dans un bus d'alimentation (EB) via lequel des unités fonctionnelles décentralisées (E) agencées dans une installation industrielle sont alimentées en énergie électrique,
    a) un système de commande (STW) principal étant prévu, lequel échange des informations avec les unités fonctionnelles décentralisées (E) au moyen de télégrammes de données via un bus de données (CB, NB1, NB2),
    b) des unités de noeuds de réseau (SND) étant agencées séquentiellement entre deux points d'alimentation (PS1, PS2) d'un bus d'alimentation (EB) de structure annulaire qui fournissent aux unités fonctionnelles décentralisées (E) l'accès au bus d'alimentation (EB) ainsi que, en option, au bus de données (CB, NB1, NB2),
    c) les unités de noeuds de réseau (SND) disposant d'un module de commutation commandable (S) qui comprend un premier commutateur (S1) et un deuxième commutateur (S2), respectivement un accès aux deux points d'alimentation (PS1, PS2) pouvant être commuté au moyen des deux commutateurs (S1, S2), caractérisé en ce que :
    d) un module d'analyse (CPU, SL) est prévu, lequel analyse la tension mesurée et/ou le courant mesuré dans une unité de noeud de réseau (SND) et/ou entre unités de noeuds de réseau voisines (SND) et/ou dans au moins un des deux points d'alimentation (PS1, PS2) quant à un court-circuit du bus d'alimentation (EB), une coupure échelonnée dans le temps d'au moins une partie des unités de noeuds de réseau (SND, SND1 à SND7) étant exécutée en cas de détection d'un court-circuit et
    e) un instant de coupure étant prévu, pour chaque unité de noeud de réseau (SND, SND1 à SND7), en fonction d'un sens de courant dominant dans l'unité de noeud de réseau (SND, SND1 à SND7) et de la position de l'unité de noeud de réseau (SND, SND1 à SND7) dans le bus d'alimentation (EB).
  9. Procédé selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que, étant donné un flux de courant traversant un des deux points d'alimentation (PS1, PS2), l'unité de noeud de réseau (SND, SND1 à SND7) la plus éloignée de ce point d'alimentation (PS1, PS2) présente l'instant de coupure le plus précoce pour déconnecter le bus d'alimentation (EB) de l'autre point d'alimentation (PS1, PS2) et les autres instants de coupure augmentent séquentiellement d'unité de noeud de réseau (SND, SND1 à SND7) en unité de noeud de réseau (SND, SND1 à SND7), de manière échelonnée avec un intervalle de temps prédéterminable, en direction du point d'alimentation (PS1, PS2) qui assure l'alimentation.
  10. Procédé selon la revendication 8 ou 9, caractérisé en ce que l'intervalle de temps prédéterminable est de l'ordre de la milliseconde et est de préférence de 1 ms.
  11. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes 8 à 10, caractérisé en ce que la coupure échelonnée pour déconnecter le bus d'alimentation (EB) d'unités de noeuds de réseau (SND, SND1 à SND7) est exécutée jusqu'à ce que le module d'analyse (CPU, SL) nie la présence d'un court-circuit.
  12. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes 8 à 11, caractérisé en ce que le module d'analyse (CPU, SL) envoie à toutes les unités de noeuds de réseau (SND, SND1 à SND7), après la détection d'un court-circuit, une communication sur la présence du court-circuit accompagnée d'un timbre temporel.
  13. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes 8 à 12, caractérisé en ce que chaque unité de noeud de réseau (SND, SND1 à SND7) connaît l'instant de coupure respectif pour les deux sens du flux de courant.
  14. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes 8 à 13, caractérisé en ce que chaque unité de noeud de réseau (SND, SND1 à SND7) dispose d'un module d'analyse (SL).
EP16721138.2A 2015-06-25 2016-05-02 Système et procédé d'élimination de court-circuit dans un bus d'alimentation Active EP3313710B1 (fr)

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EP15173814.3A EP3109128A1 (fr) 2015-06-25 2015-06-25 Système et procédé d'élimination de court-circuit dans un bus d'alimentation
PCT/EP2016/059780 WO2016206843A1 (fr) 2015-06-25 2016-05-02 Système et procédé de suppression automatique de courts-circuits dans un bus d'alimentaton

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