EP3312508B1 - Gasturbinenbrennkammer - Google Patents

Gasturbinenbrennkammer Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3312508B1
EP3312508B1 EP17197585.7A EP17197585A EP3312508B1 EP 3312508 B1 EP3312508 B1 EP 3312508B1 EP 17197585 A EP17197585 A EP 17197585A EP 3312508 B1 EP3312508 B1 EP 3312508B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
air
gas turbine
air hole
liner
turbine combustor
Prior art date
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Application number
EP17197585.7A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3312508A1 (de
Inventor
Keisuke Miura
Yasuhiro Akiyama
Tomohiro Asai
Kazuki Abe
Mitsuhiro Karishuku
Satoshi Dodo
Akinori Hayashi
Yoshitaka Hirata
Noboru Okuyama
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Mitsubishi Power Ltd
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Mitsubishi Hitachi Power Systems Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
    • F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
    • F23R3/28—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the fuel supply
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
    • F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
    • F23R3/02—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the air-flow or gas-flow configuration
    • F23R3/04—Air inlet arrangements
    • F23R3/10—Air inlet arrangements for primary air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
    • F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
    • F23R3/28—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the fuel supply
    • F23R3/286—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the fuel supply having fuel-air premixing devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
    • F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
    • F23R3/02—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the air-flow or gas-flow configuration
    • F23R3/04—Air inlet arrangements
    • F23R3/10—Air inlet arrangements for primary air
    • F23R3/12—Air inlet arrangements for primary air inducing a vortex
    • F23R3/14—Air inlet arrangements for primary air inducing a vortex by using swirl vanes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C3/00—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid
    • F02C3/04—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid having a turbine driving a compressor
    • F02C3/045—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid having a turbine driving a compressor having compressor and turbine passages in a single rotor-module
    • F02C3/05—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid having a turbine driving a compressor having compressor and turbine passages in a single rotor-module the compressor and the turbine being of the radial flow type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
    • F23D14/62—Mixing devices; Mixing tubes
    • F23D14/64—Mixing devices; Mixing tubes with injectors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
    • F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
    • F23R3/002—Wall structures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
    • F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
    • F23R3/02—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the air-flow or gas-flow configuration
    • F23R3/04—Air inlet arrangements
    • F23R3/06—Arrangement of apertures along the flame tube
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
    • F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
    • F23R3/02—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the air-flow or gas-flow configuration
    • F23R3/04—Air inlet arrangements
    • F23R3/06—Arrangement of apertures along the flame tube
    • F23R3/08—Arrangement of apertures along the flame tube between annular flame tube sections, e.g. flame tubes with telescopic sections
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
    • F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
    • F23R3/02—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the air-flow or gas-flow configuration
    • F23R3/04—Air inlet arrangements
    • F23R3/10—Air inlet arrangements for primary air
    • F23R3/12—Air inlet arrangements for primary air inducing a vortex
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
    • F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
    • F23R3/02—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the air-flow or gas-flow configuration
    • F23R3/16—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the air-flow or gas-flow configuration with devices inside the flame tube or the combustion chamber to influence the air or gas flow
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
    • F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
    • F23R3/42—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the arrangement or form of the flame tubes or combustion chambers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
    • F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
    • F23R3/42—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the arrangement or form of the flame tubes or combustion chambers
    • F23R3/58—Cyclone or vortex type combustion chambers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
    • F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
    • F23R3/42—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the arrangement or form of the flame tubes or combustion chambers
    • F23R3/60—Support structures; Attaching or mounting means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H3/00—Air heaters
    • F24H3/02—Air heaters with forced circulation
    • F24H3/04—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element
    • F24H3/0488—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element using fluid fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C7/00—Features, components parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart form groups F02C1/00 - F02C6/00; Air intakes for jet-propulsion plants
    • F02C7/22—Fuel supply systems
    • F02C7/222—Fuel flow conduits, e.g. manifolds
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C7/00—Features, components parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart form groups F02C1/00 - F02C6/00; Air intakes for jet-propulsion plants
    • F02C7/28—Arrangement of seals
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2240/00—Components
    • F05D2240/35—Combustors or associated equipment
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
    • F23R2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for continuous combustion chambers; Combustion processes therefor
    • F23R2900/00005—Preventing fatigue failures or reducing mechanical stress in gas turbine components
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
    • F23R2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for continuous combustion chambers; Combustion processes therefor
    • F23R2900/00012—Details of sealing devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
    • F23R2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for continuous combustion chambers; Combustion processes therefor
    • F23R2900/03045—Convection cooled combustion chamber walls provided with turbolators or means for creating turbulences to increase cooling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
    • F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
    • F23R3/02—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the air-flow or gas-flow configuration
    • F23R3/16—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the air-flow or gas-flow configuration with devices inside the flame tube or the combustion chamber to influence the air or gas flow
    • F23R3/18—Flame stabilising means, e.g. flame holders for after-burners of jet-propulsion plants
    • F23R3/20—Flame stabilising means, e.g. flame holders for after-burners of jet-propulsion plants incorporating fuel injection means
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the structure of a gas turbine combustor and more particularly to technology useful for a gas turbine combustor with a multi-cluster burner structure.
  • multi-cluster burner As the combustion temperature increases, emissions of nitrogen oxide or so-called thermal NOx increase in an exponential manner, so it is necessary to take countermeasures against increase in thermal NOx emissions.
  • a combustor with a multiple-injection burner (multi-cluster burner) structure which enables distributed lean combustion has been developed.
  • the multi-cluster burner includes an air hole plate with many air holes and fuel nozzles arranged coaxially with the air holes. It decreases NOx emissions by mixing fuel and air as an oxidant quickly in a short distance of about several tens of millimeters in each air hole and thus generating a lean premixed combustion field.
  • Patent Literature 1 discloses a gas turbine combustor including fuel nozzles and an air hole plate with air holes, in which a seal member is provided in an area where a liner and the air hole plate are fitted to each other; in an air hole of the air hole plate, an air hole portion located near a fuel nozzle has a straight pipe part coaxial with the fuel nozzle and shaped like a straight pipe and, and a portion of the air hole located near a chamber has an inclined part inclined at an inclination angle with respect to the axis of the chamber.
  • the air hole plate is constituted of a plurality of members which include a straight pipe air hole plate member forming the straight pipe part and an inclined air hole plate forming the inclined part.
  • the material of the straight pipe air hole plate member is different from the material of the inclined air hole plate member.
  • US 2014/083102 A1 discloses a gas turbine combustor comprising a liner constituting a chamber of the gas turbine combustor and a plurality of nozzles to inject fuel into the chamber. Further, the gas turbine combustor comprises an air hole plate having a plurality of holes and a spring like seal member on an outer periphery of the air hole plate.
  • JP H08 284688 A discloses a gas turbine combustion device.
  • the device comprises a cooling hole that is opened to a combustor inner covered with a plate spring body in a fitting part between the combustor liner and a tail cylinder.
  • US 2011/252805 A1 discloses a combustor assembly for a turbine comprising a combustor liner.
  • a transition piece is connected to the combustor liner, the transition piece adapted to carry hot combustion gases to the turbine.
  • a resilient annular seal structure is disposed radially between an end portion of the combustor liner and a forward end portion of said transition piece.
  • EP 3 141 817 A1 discloses a gas turbine combustor including an inner casing, an outer casing and an annular flow path disposed between the inner casing and the outer casing. Further the combustor includes an air hole plate having a plurality of air holes associated with respective fuel nozzles, a guide having a wall portion and a bent portion, and an outer peripheral flow path defined between the outer peripheral surface of the air hole plate and the inner casing.
  • the multi-cluster burner structure is effective in achieving low-NOx emissions, a cooling structure to cool the area around the air hole plate effectively is needed since the air hole plate is provided inside the combustor.
  • FIGs. 7A and 7B are both fragmentary sectional views which show the structure of the outer peripheral area of the air hole plate. As shown in Fig. 7A , part of combustion air 45 is introduced into the gap between the air hole plate 6, liner 9 and inner cylinder short pipe 18 to cool the outer peripheral area of the air hole plate 6.
  • Patent Literature 1 concerns a seal plate (seal member) which makes it easy to form an air hole plate with many air holes and ensures adequate sealing performance without shortening the service life of the seal plate. However, it does not describe the problem with rise in the metal temperature in the outer peripheral area of the air hole plate as mentioned above and supply of cooling air.
  • One object of the present invention is to cool the outer peripheral area of an air hole plate effectively in a gas turbine combustor with a multi-cluster burner structure and thereby provide a highly reliable gas turbine combustor which can prevent deformation or damage of a swirler lip on the outer periphery of the air hole plate.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a gas turbine combustor with a multi-cluster burner structure which supplies a sufficient amount of combustion air to air holes on the peripheral side of the air hole plate and thereby improves combustion characteristics and reduces nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions.
  • a gas turbine combustor with a multi-cluster burner structure which supplies a sufficient amount of combustion air to air holes on the peripheral side of the air hole plate and thereby improves combustion characteristics and reduces nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions.
  • a gas turbine combustor which includes: a liner constituting a chamber of the gas turbine combustor; a plurality of fuel nozzles to inject fuel into the chamber; and an air hole plate which is located downstream of the fuel nozzles in a fuel flow direction and has a plurality of air holes corresponding to the fuel nozzles.
  • a swirler lip is provided on the outer periphery of the air hole plate in a manner to protrude toward the chamber and a spring seal is provided in an area where the liner is fitted to the air hole plate and the swirler lip.
  • the spring seal has an air hole to enable part of combustion air introduced into a gap between the outer periphery of the air hole plate and the liner to pass.
  • the swirler lip has an air hole to introduce part of the combustion air passing through the air hole of the spring seal into the chamber.
  • the liner has an air hole in a positon to face the air hole of the spring seal, in order to introduce part of the combustion air from outside of the liner into the gap between the outer periphery of the air hole plate and the liner.
  • a turn guide for rectifying a flow of combustion air is provided at an end portion of the liner on a side where the liner is fitted to the air hole plate.
  • FIG. 1 conceptually shows a gas turbine combustor and the general configuration of a gas turbine plant including the gas turbine combustor.
  • Fig. 2 is a fragmentary sectional view which shows the structure of the outer peripheral area of an air hole plate of the gas turbine combustor shown in Fig. 1 .
  • Fig. 3 is a plan view which shows the structure of the spring seal 12 shown in Fig. 2 .
  • the gas turbine plant includes: a compressor 1 which compresses air 101 to generate high pressure compressed air (air for combustion) 102; a gas turbine combustor 2 which mixes the compressed air 102 introduced from the compressor 1 and fuel (201, 202) to generate combustion gas 105; a gas turbine 3 which is driven by introduction of the combustion gas 105 generated by the gas turbine combustor 2; and an electric generator 4 which is driven by rotation of the gas turbine 3 to generate electricity.
  • a compressor 1 which compresses air 101 to generate high pressure compressed air (air for combustion) 102
  • a gas turbine combustor 2 which mixes the compressed air 102 introduced from the compressor 1 and fuel (201, 202) to generate combustion gas 105
  • a gas turbine 3 which is driven by introduction of the combustion gas 105 generated by the gas turbine combustor 2
  • an electric generator 4 which is driven by rotation of the gas turbine 3 to generate electricity.
  • the compressor 1, gas turbine 3 and generator 4 are mutually connected by a rotor 20 so that by rotation of the gas turbine 3, the compressor 1 is driven and the generator 4 connected to the compressor 1 is driven.
  • FIG. 1 shows a single-axis gas turbine in which the compressor 1, gas turbine 3, and generator 4 are mutually connected by a rotor 20
  • the present invention is also applicable to a double-axis gas turbine in which the compressor and a portion of the gas turbine are connected by a rotor and another portion of the gas turbine and the generator are connected by another rotor.
  • the gas turbine combustor 2 includes: many fuel nozzles 5 which inject fuel (201, 202) ; a roughly disc-shaped air hole plate 6 with many air holes 7 facing the fuel nozzles 5, in which combustion air 104 passes; a roughly cylindrical liner 9 which is located downstream of and around the air hole plate 6, forming a chamber 8 for burning the mixture of fuel and air flowing out of the air holes 7; a roughly cylindrical combustor outer cylinder 10 which houses these components; and a combustor cover 11 located at an end of the combustor outer cylinder, to which the fuel nozzles 5 are attached, and which serves as a fuel supply flow path.
  • the air hole plate 6 is located downstream in the direction in which the fuel in the fuel nozzles 5 flows, and has a plurality of air holes 7 formed in a manner to correspond to the fuel nozzles 5.
  • the air 102 compressed by the compressor 1 flows into the gas turbine combustor 2 and flows between the combustor outer cylinder 10 and the liner 9. Part of the compressed air 102 flows into the chamber 8, as cooling air 103 for the liner 9. The rest of the compressed air 102 passes, as the combustion air 104, through the air holes 7 made in the air hole plate 6 and flows into the chamber 8 of the gas turbine combustor 2.
  • the gas turbine combustor 2 is provided with fuel supply lines 201 and 202 and these fuel supply lines 201 and 202 have shut-off valves 211 and 212 and control valves 221 and 222 respectively so that the flow rate of fuel to be supplied to each of the fuel nozzles 5 can be individually controlled.
  • the fuel nozzles 5 are connected to fuel headers 231 and 232 which distribute fuel to the fuel nozzles 5.
  • the fuel header 231 is located in the center of the combustor axis and forms a roughly disc-shaped space.
  • the fuel header 232 is located around the fuel header 231 and forms a roughly circular space.
  • Fuel is supplied from the fuel supply lines 201 and 202 to the fuel headers 231 and 232 respectively. Due to this structure, the fuel nozzles 5 are divided into two groups as two fuel lines (group F1 connected to the fuel header 231 and group F2 connected to the fuel header 232) and the total amount of fuel supplied from both the fuel lines can be controlled.
  • a swirler lip 13 is provided on the outer periphery of the air hole plate 6 in a manner to protrude toward the chamber 8.
  • a spring seal 12 is provided in the gap between the outer periphery of the air hole plate 6 and the swirler lip 13, and the liner 9.
  • the spring seal 12 is a seal member which is intended to suppress leakage of a lot of air into the chamber 8 from the gap between the burner including the fuel nozzles 5 and the air hole plate 6, and the liner 9.
  • Fig. 2 shows details of the outer periphery of the air hole plate 6 and the end portion of the liner 9.
  • the gas turbine combustor is structured so that part of a return flow 46 of combustion air 45 can be introduced from the upstream end of a main burner 39 and also cooling air 47 can be introduced into the gap between the outer periphery of the air hole plate 6 and the swirler lip 13, and the liner 9 through an air inflow hole 17 provided at the end portion of the liner 9.
  • Fig. 2 shows an example that an inner cylinder short pipe 18 is provided at the end portion of the liner 9 and an air inflow hole 17 is made in the inner cylinder short pipe 18.
  • Fig. 3 is a plan view of the spring seal 12.
  • the spring seal 12 has an air inflow hole 15 located in a position to correspond to the air inflow hole 17 at the end portion of the liner 9 so that the cooling air introduced from the air inflow hole 17 at the end portion of the liner 9 is led to the swirler lip 13 through the air inflow hole 15 of the spring seal 12 and introduced into the chamber 8 through a cooling hole 14 made in the swirler lip 13 in order to cool the swirler lip 13.
  • cooling hole 14 of the swirler lip 13 be inclined as shown in Fig. 2 so as to lead the cooling air 47 toward the downstream side of the chamber 8.
  • the spring seal 12 has a slit 16 and cooling air is also led from the slit 16 toward the swirler lip 13.
  • the air inflow hole 15 of the spring seal 12 is located at the end of the slit 16 and the air inflow hole 15 is also called a stop hole in the sense that it is a "hole provided at the slit end”.
  • part of the return flow 46 of combustion air 45 is introduced into the gap between the outer periphery of the air hole plate 6 and the swirler lip 13, and the liner 9 from the upstream end of the main burner 39 and also part of the combustion air 45 can be introduced from the air inflow hole 17 provided at the end portion of the liner 9, so the swirler lip 13 can be cooled adequately and the liner 9, located downstream of the swirler lip 13, can also be cooled. This prevents deformation or damage of the swirler lip 13 and the liner 9 which may be caused by rise in the metal temperature, so the reliability of the gas turbine combustor can be improved.
  • the size (opening area) of the air inflow hole 17 provided at the end portion of the liner 9 As for the size (opening area) of the air inflow hole 17 provided at the end portion of the liner 9, the number of air inflow holes 17 and the spacing between air inflow holes 17 in the axial and circumferential directions of the liner 9, it is desirable to determine the optimum size (opening area), the number of holes, and the spacing between holes on the basis of combustion characteristics evaluation of the gas turbine combustor.
  • the size (opening area) of the cooling hole 14 of the swirler lip 13, the number of cooling holes 14, and the spacing between cooling holes 14 in the axial and circumferential directions of the swirler lip 13 is desirable to determine the size (opening area) of the cooling hole 14 of the swirler lip 13, the number of cooling holes 14, and the spacing between cooling holes 14 in the axial and circumferential directions of the swirler lip 13 on the basis of combustion characteristics evaluation of the gas turbine combustor.
  • the size (opening area) of the air inflow hole 15 of the spring seal 12 it is desirable to determine the size (opening area) of the air inflow hole 15 of the spring seal 12, the number of air inflow holes 15, and the spacing between air inflow holes 15 in the axial and circumferential directions of the spring seal 12 on the basis of combustion characteristics evaluation of the gas turbine combustor.
  • Fig. 4 is a fragmentary sectional view which shows the structure of the outer peripheral area of an air hole plate of the gas turbine combustor.
  • Fig. 4 corresponds to Fig. 2 .
  • the gas turbine combustor according to Fig. 4 is different from the gas turbine combustor according to Fig. 2 in that a plurality of air inflow holes 17, in this case two air inflow holes 17a and 17b, are provided at the end portion of the liner 9 in the direction in which the combustion air 45 flows (namely, the axial direction of the gas turbine combustor) .
  • the other elements are the same as in the gas turbine combustor according to Fig. 2 .
  • the combustion air 45 flows along the side face of the liner 9, so when two or more air inflow holes are provided in the direction in which the combustion air 45 flows (axial direction of the gas turbine combustor), cooling air can be more efficiently introduced into the gap between the outer periphery of the air hole plate 6 and the swirler lip 13, and the liner 9.
  • FIG. 5 is a fragmentary sectional view which shows the structure of the outer peripheral area of the air hole plate of the gas turbine combustor according to the embodiment.
  • Fig. 5 corresponds to Fig. 2 .
  • the gas turbine combustor 2 according to the embodiment is different from the gas turbine combustor described above in that a turn guide 19 for rectifying a flow of combustion air 45 is provided at the end portion of the liner 9.
  • the other elements are the same as in the gas turbine combustor according to the description above.
  • the turn guide 19 is provided in a manner that its surface is inclined at an angle ⁇ with respect to the direction along the side face of the liner 9 (namely the direction in which the combustion air 45 flows). Since the turn guide 19 inclined at the angle ⁇ is provided in this manner, the combustion air 45 is guided away from the air hole plate 6 (outward in the radial direction of the air hole plate 6), but formation of separation vortex is suppressed by the rectifying effect of the turn guide 19 on the upstream end side of the main burner 39, namely near the inlet of the gap between the outer periphery of the air hole plate 6 and the swirler lip 13, and the liner 9 or near the inlet of an air hole 7a, so more cooling air is introduced.
  • Fig. 6 is a fragmentary sectional view which shows the structure of the outer peripheral area of the air hole plate of the gas turbine combustor according to the further embodiment.
  • Fig. 6 corresponds to Fig. 5 which shows an embodiment.
  • the gas turbine combustor 2 according to the further embodiment is the same as the gas turbine combustor according to the embodiment described above in that a turn guide 19 for rectifying a flow of combustion air 45 is provided at the end portion of the liner 9, it is different from the gas turbine combustor according to the embodiment described above in that a plurality of air inflow holes 17, in this case two air inflow holes 17a and 17b, are provided at the end portion of the liner 9 in the direction in which the combustion air 45 flows (namely, the axial direction of the gas turbine combustor).
  • the other elements are the same as in the gas turbine combustor according to the embodiment described above.
  • cooling air can be more efficiently introduced into the gap between the outer periphery of the air hole plate 6 and the swirler lip 13, and the liner 9 in the same way as described with reference to Fig. 4 .
  • the outer periphery of the air hole plate and the liner 9 located downstream can be cooled effectively, and deformation or damage of the swirler lip on the outer periphery of the air hole plate and the liner 9 can be prevented, thereby leading to improvement in the reliability of the gas turbine combustor. Furthermore, a sufficient amount of combustion air can be supplied to the air holes on the outer peripheral side of the air hole plate, so the combustion characteristics can be improved and nitrogen oxygen (NOx) emissions can be reduced.
  • NOx nitrogen oxygen

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Gasturbinenbrennkammer, umfassend:
    einen Einsatz (9), der eine Kammer (8) der Gasturbinenbrennkammer (2) darstellt;
    eine Vielzahl von Kraftstoffdüsen (5), um Kraftstoff in die Kammer (8) einzuspritzen;
    eine Luftlochplatte (6), die stromabwärts der Kraftstoffdüsen (5) in einer Richtung der Kraftstoffströmung angeordnet ist und eine Vielzahl von Luftlöchern (7, 7a) aufweist, die den Kraftstoffdüsen (5) entsprechen,
    einen Wirbelrand (13), der an einem Außenumfang der Luftlochplatte (6) auf eine Weise vorgesehen ist, um in die Richtung der Kammer (8) vorzuragen, und
    eine Federdichtung (12), die in einem Bereich vorgesehen ist, in dem der Einsatz (9) an die Luftlochplatte (6) und den Wirbelrand (13) angepasst ist,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    die Federdichtung (12) ein Luftloch (15) aufweist, um zu ermöglichen, dass ein Teil der Verbrennungsluft durchströmt, die in einen Spalt zwischen dem Außenumfang der Luftlochplatte (6) und dem Einsatz (9) eingeführt wird,
    der Wirbelrand (13) ein Luftloch (14) aufweist, um einen Teil der Verbrennungsluft einzuführen, die durch das Luftloch (15) der Federdichtung (12) in die Kammer (8) strömt,
    der Einsatz (9) ein Luftloch (17) in einer Position aufweist, um dem Luftloch (15) der Federdichtung (12) gegenüberzuliegen, um einen Teil der Verbrennungsluft von außerhalb des Einsatzes (9) in den Spalt zwischen dem Außenumfang der Luftlochplatte (6) und dem Einsatz (9) einzuführen, und
    eine Drehungsführung (19) zum Korrigieren einer Strömung der Verbrennungsluft an einem Endabschnitt des Einsatzes (9) an einer Seite vorgesehen ist, an der der Einsatz (9) an die Luftlochplatte (6) angepasst ist.
  2. Gasturbinenbrennkammer nach Anspruch 1,
    wobei die Drehungsführung (19) derart geneigt ist, dass die Verbrennungsluft, die entlang einer Seitenfläche des Einsatzes (9) strömt, in einer axialen Richtung der Luftlochplatte (6) nach außen geführt wird.
  3. Gasturbinenbrennkammer nach Anspruch 1 oder 2,
    wobei das Luftloch (17a, 17b) des Einsatzes (9) in einer Vielzahl in einer axialen Richtung des Einsatzes (9) vorgesehen ist.
  4. Gasturbinenbrennkammer nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3,
    wobei das Luftloch (17) des Einsatzes (9) in einer Vielzahl in einer Umfangsrichtung des Einsatzes (9) vorgesehen ist.
  5. Gasturbinenbrennkammer nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4,
    wobei das Luftloch (15) der Federdichtung (12) in einer Vielzahl in einer axialen Richtung der Federdichtung (12) vorgesehen ist.
  6. Gasturbinenbrennkammer nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5,
    wobei das Luftloch (15) der Federdichtung (12) in einer Vielzahl in einer Umfangsrichtung der Federdichtung (12) vorgesehen ist.
  7. Gasturbinenbrennkammer nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6,
    wobei das Luftloch (14) des Wirbelrands (13) in einer Vielzahl in einer axialen Richtung des Wirbelrands (13) vorgesehen ist.
  8. Gasturbinenbrennkammer nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7,
    wobei das Luftloch (14) des Wirbelrands (13) in einer Vielzahl in einer Umfangsrichtung des Wirbelrands (13) vorgesehen ist.
  9. Gasturbinenbrennkammer nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8,
    wobei das Luftloch (14) des Wirbelrands (13) derart geneigt ist, dass ein Teil der Verbrennungsluft in Richtung einer stromabwärtigen Seite der Kammer (8) geführt wird.
EP17197585.7A 2016-10-24 2017-10-20 Gasturbinenbrennkammer Active EP3312508B1 (de)

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EP (1) EP3312508B1 (de)
JP (1) JP6779098B2 (de)
KR (1) KR102038197B1 (de)
CN (1) CN107975821B (de)
RU (1) RU2676496C9 (de)

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DE112017002620B4 (de) * 2016-05-23 2023-01-26 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Brennkammer und Gasturbine
JP7132096B2 (ja) * 2018-11-14 2022-09-06 三菱重工業株式会社 ガスタービン燃焼器
JP7130545B2 (ja) 2018-12-20 2022-09-05 三菱重工業株式会社 ガスタービン燃焼器、ガスタービン及びガスタービン燃焼器の製造方法
JP7112342B2 (ja) * 2019-01-25 2022-08-03 三菱重工業株式会社 ガスタービン燃焼器及びガスタービン
JP7245150B2 (ja) * 2019-12-16 2023-03-23 三菱重工業株式会社 ガスタービン燃焼器
CN115264532B (zh) * 2022-07-09 2023-05-16 哈尔滨工程大学 一种用于气态燃料供给的密封装置及燃烧器更换方法

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CN107975821A (zh) 2018-05-01
US20180112879A1 (en) 2018-04-26
JP2018071801A (ja) 2018-05-10
JP6779098B2 (ja) 2020-11-04
CN107975821B (zh) 2019-12-27
KR102038197B1 (ko) 2019-10-29
RU2676496C9 (ru) 2019-07-23
EP3312508A1 (de) 2018-04-25
RU2676496C1 (ru) 2018-12-29
US10571127B2 (en) 2020-02-25
KR20180044807A (ko) 2018-05-03

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