EP3307018B1 - Method for controlling an induction hob and induction hob - Google Patents

Method for controlling an induction hob and induction hob Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3307018B1
EP3307018B1 EP16193015.1A EP16193015A EP3307018B1 EP 3307018 B1 EP3307018 B1 EP 3307018B1 EP 16193015 A EP16193015 A EP 16193015A EP 3307018 B1 EP3307018 B1 EP 3307018B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
induction heating
heating coils
power density
cooking zone
case
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EP16193015.1A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3307018A1 (en
Inventor
Christian Egenter
Michael Stöffler
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EGO Elektro Geratebau GmbH
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EGO Elektro Geratebau GmbH
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Priority to EP16193015.1A priority Critical patent/EP3307018B1/en
Priority to ES16193015T priority patent/ES2730394T3/en
Publication of EP3307018A1 publication Critical patent/EP3307018A1/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/02—Induction heating
    • H05B6/06—Control, e.g. of temperature, of power
    • H05B6/062—Control, e.g. of temperature, of power for cooking plates or the like
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2213/00—Aspects relating both to resistive heating and to induction heating, covered by H05B3/00 and H05B6/00
    • H05B2213/03—Heating plates made out of a matrix of heating elements that can define heating areas adapted to cookware randomly placed on the heating plate

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for controlling an induction hob as well as an induction hob suitable for carrying out this method.
  • the invention has for its object to provide an aforementioned method for controlling an induction cooktop and a corresponding induction cooktop with which problems of the prior art can be solved and it is particularly possible to achieve energy efficiency at high or very high power densities for induction heating coils to improve joint heating of a cooking vessel in the composite.
  • the induction hob according to the invention comprises a cooktop plate and including a number of induction heating coils, which can be controlled individually and in a common composite.
  • such an induction hob according to the aforementioned WO 2010/084096 A2 be formed, alternatively also according to the EP 2945463 A1 or the EP 3026981 A1 ,
  • a placed cooking vessel defines with its base a cooking point.
  • Those induction heating coils which are at least partially covered by the cooking area, are controlled for the common heating of the cooking vessel in the composite. So they are switched on and off together.
  • they are operated with the same power level or power, so advantageously with the same power density, which is to be understood here as surface power density.
  • a difference in the power density can advantageously be at most 15%, advantageously at most 10%.
  • a first operating case which is defined as operation with a very high power density, advantageous as operation with a maximum power density, at least in that one exactly Indutationswespule the common composite, which has the least coverage by the cooking or the cooking vessel, the frequency increased their control. So it is at least one induction heating coil taken for the frequency increase, and that at least exactly one induction heating coil, which has the least coverage by the cooking or the cooking vessel.
  • This can be done by a procedure according to the EP 2330866 A2 or the EP 2574144 A2 be determined on the basis of the parameters in the control of the individual induction heating coils or on the basis of the parameters of their vibration response.
  • This exactly one induction heating coil then operates at a higher frequency than other induction heating coils or as the remaining induction heating coils of this composite under this cooking point.
  • a frequency increase may be at least a few kHz or more than 1 kHz, more preferably more than 10 kHz or more than 17 kHz.
  • this least-covered induction heating coil As a result, it is possible for the efficiency of this least-covered induction heating coil to be somewhat improved in its operation by increasing the frequency. It will namely reduced at the same power density of the current, which automatically reduces the losses in this induction heating coil also.
  • the inventive method has compared to the aforementioned WO 2010/084096 A2 has the advantage that, as it were, power is coupled into the cooking vessel bottom over the entire area of the cooking zone formed by the installed cooking vessel, or at least over a majority of the area, although this may have a somewhat reduced power density in the area of the induction heating coil or induction heating coils operated at a higher frequency , For an even stronger heating of the cooking vessel is possible and thus, for example, can be achieved even faster that boiling water therein.
  • the first operating case may be present when the induction heating coils operate as a composite for a cooking station with a power density of more than 50% of their maximum power density or more than 6W / cm 2 , advantageously at least those induction heating coils of the cooking station not be changed in their frequency.
  • this power density for the presence of the first operating case may be more than 65% of the maximum power density or more than 7W / cm 2 .
  • this corresponds to operation with the level 9, ie the highest regular power level, as well as the overlying boost power level, which then defines the maximum power density. This can be about 10 W / cm 2 .
  • Such a boost power level should only be used for a short or a few minutes, but usually sufficient, for example, to bring water to a boil as quickly as possible.
  • the frequency of those Induzzyswespulen is increased, which are covered to less than 30% of their area from the cooking area.
  • the increase in frequency even apply only to those induction heating coils, which are covered to less than 20% of their area from the hob or from the cooking vessel. So these are the aforementioned least covered induction heating coils.
  • This definition can thus also be used to determine whether only a single induction heating coil with the lowest coverage is operated at a higher frequency or whether the two induction heating coils or even the three induction heating coils with the lowest coverage are operated at an increased frequency.
  • the least covered induction heating coil or the two or even the three in each case least covered induction heating coils are operated at a higher frequency and therefore at a lower power density.
  • the current for their control can be slightly reduced again, so that their electrical losses can be lowered again something.
  • a second operating case can be defined as operation with a high power density. This is thus slightly lower than the above-described very high power density.
  • All operated induction heating coils of the network under the cooking area are controlled so that the power density, which is generated at or below the cooking area, is evenly distributed or that the power density, ie the power generation per area, at each of the induction heating coils operated under this hob.
  • those induction heating coils are advantageously operated, which are covered to less than 40% of their area from the cooking area. It is also possible to operate those induction heating coils which are covered to less than 30% or even less than 20% of the cooking surface. Induction heating coils, which are less than 10% covered by the cooking area, are not operated.
  • this second operating case the cooking vessel set up on the cooking surface is thus operated with a lower power density than in the first operating case, which, however, is still relatively high.
  • the pure efficiency of the power generation is no longer the only decisive factor here, above all, the most uniform possible heat distribution is desired.
  • Such a high power density of this second operating case is used, for example, for searing steaks or pancakes, where, in contrast to the fastest possible boiling of water, a uniform heat distribution is advantageous for a desired frying result.
  • a power density by which this second operating case is defined may be between 35% of the maximum power density and the power density above which the above-described first operating case exists or the power density may be between 35% and 50% or even 65% of the maximum power density.
  • the power density may be 4W / cm 2 to 6W / cm 2 or even 7W / cm 2 .
  • the power density can be significantly increased in the above-described second case of operation in those induction heating coils, which have only between 10% and 20% coverage through the hob or the raised cooking vessel.
  • their power density can be increased by at least 30%, particularly advantageously by up to 60%.
  • the power density in the above-described second case of operation for induction heating coils, which have between 20% and 30% coverage by the cooking or the raised cooking vessel, can be slightly increased as previously described for even less covered induction heating coil. So here, the power density can be increased preferably only by 10% to 30%. However, this is sufficient in view of the slightly higher degree of coverage to achieve the aforementioned goal of a uniformly distributed temperature on the cooking vessel bottom.
  • a control of the induction hob is therefore designed to perform the method described above according to the invention and in its various embodiments.
  • the aforementioned parameters can be evaluated, which in the aforementioned EP 2330866 A2 or the EP 2574144 A2 are described accordingly.
  • the power control means are arranged or designed as half-bridge converters, whereby a desired power density can be generated advantageously and without major losses.
  • Each induction heating coil advantageously has its own converter in series resonant circuit technology for activation with its own frequency and individual duty cycle.
  • a duty cycle of 50% means that one upper and one lower IGBT of a half-bridge of said half-bridge inverter are each turned on for 50% of a period for the same time, with the maximum current flowing in the induction heating coil at the selected period.
  • a duty cycle of 10% means that the first IGBT is only switched on for 10% of the period and the second IGBT for a remaining time, ie 90% of the period Period. It usually applies that the smaller the duty cycle for a given period or frequency, the smaller the current in the induction heating coil and the less power is induced or introduced into the set-up cooking vessel.
  • This circuit concept allows multiple induction heating coils to be driven at the same frequency or at a second, higher frequency. This second higher frequency should just be more than the aforementioned 17 kHz above the first frequency to avoid audible interference noise.
  • the cup resistance coupled into the induction heating coil increases with the frequency used. Below a minimum coverage, an induction heating coil should not be operated, because then the transmittable power is disproportionately low compared to the electrical losses. In the invention, it should therefore also be possible to operate at high power densities or at very high power densities for a hotplate all Induzzyswespulen having a certain minimum level of coverage. This minimum should be at least 10% overlap, preferably at least 20% or even 30%. Thus, if a total required total power can not yet be achieved, the induction heating coil with the second largest surface coverage is also operated at the first, lower frequency, and this induction heating coil and the induction heating coil having the largest area coverage are operated at a higher output. Then, for these two, the duty cycle can be 50% or nearly 50%.
  • these induction heating coils should all be operated at the same frequency and 50% duty cycle.
  • the increase in the power density for low-coverage induction heating coils is due to the fact that, with their small coverage, a covered edge region of the induction heating coil, in which this is not effective, in relation to the covered surface of the induction heating coil is especially big.
  • a larger unheated area resulting from the spacing or clearance areas or interfaces between the inductors must be balanced.
  • FIG. 1 a plan view of a number of induction heating coils in a tight array next to each other, which are arranged under an induction hob.
  • a cooking vessel is set up and defines with its footprint a cooking surface.
  • a cooking vessel 15 can be heated.
  • This arrangement of induction heating coils 13 could be installed in an induction hob 11, so be arranged under a hob plate.
  • the above-mentioned WO 2010/084096 A2 directed.
  • less or even significantly less induction heating coils could be provided, for example, about twice as large.
  • the induction heating coils 13 are partially covered differently. Five induction heating coils 13a are fully covered, recognizable by the cross-hatching. Three induction heating coils 13b are covered to significantly more than 50%. As they are arranged here, coincidence is just at this selected position for the cooking vessel 15 and need not always be so, as well as the arrangement of the five fully covered induction heating coils 13a. Two further induction heating coils 13b in the upper right and left in the middle are covered to about 50%. The induction heating coils 13b are obliquely and narrowly hatched.
  • induction heating coils 13c are covered to about 30% or less of their area, and the rightmost induction heating coil 13c is only about 10% in the center. Their arrangement is also random. The induction heating coils 13c are only obliquely and widely hatched.
  • induction heating coils 13a For the five fully covered induction heating coils 13a, it will most of all be the case that they are arranged next to one another or, so to speak, as a kind of flat composite.
  • the induction heating coils 13b and / or 13c may, however, also be arranged completely opposite such a fully covered composite.
  • the degree of their coverage by the cooking vessel 15 can be approximately determined.
  • the cooking vessel 15 should be operated with a very high power density, which may be more than 50% or even more than 65% of the maximum power density, that is more than 6W / cm 2 or 7W / cm 2 and usually corresponds to an induction hob of the power level 9 or an overlying boost power level, should be heated as quickly as possible in the cooking vessel 15 as a typical application.
  • An unillustrated control of the induction hob 11 for the induction heating coils 13 then just states that the five induction heating coils 13a are fully covered. They are therefore operated with the mentioned very high power density.
  • the five induction heating coils 13b which are only partially, but at least 50%, covered by the cooking vessel 15 and the cooking zone 17, are also operated with this very high power density. In particular, they are operated either with the same current as the fully covered induction heating coils 13a. Alternatively, they will be at the same power density how the fully covered induction heating coils operated 13a, but related to the surface of the cover by the cooking vessel 15 and by the hotplate 17. This is because, when such induction heating coil 13b is just over 50% covered, like right upper induction heating coil 13b, all the power generated by it is coupled into the overlying area of the bottom of cooking vessel 15. Thus, in this case, the power density can be related to the area of overlap between cooking vessel 15 and cooking area 17 and induction heating coil 13b.
  • the right upper induction heating coil 13b is operated at about half the power density of the induction heating coils 13a, and in its own area, and substantially all of the power is coupled into the overlying area of the bottom of the cooking vessel 15, it results Bottom of the cooking vessel 15 the same power density of the coupled power as over the fully covered induction heating coils 13 a.
  • the induction heating coils 13b are operated with the same current and at the same frequency as the fully covered induction heating coils 13a, in the overlying areas of the bottom of the cooking vessel 15, the coupled power density would be twice as high. Although this can also be provided, it does not have to be that way.
  • the three less than 30% covered induction heating coils 13c are regarded as the induction heating coils according to the invention with the least coverage by the cooking point 17 or by the cooking vessel 15. Thus, it need not be just a single induction heating coil, for example the induction heating coil 13c at the bottom right, which is considered to be the one with the least coverage and which is then driven at the higher frequency. It is due to the large number of existing induction heating coils 13 and their small size that so many of the cooking vessel 15 and the cooking area 17 are at least partially covered. In the case of these three induction heating coils 13c, the frequency of the activation is thus increased according to the invention, advantageously by at least 17 kHz, particularly advantageously by approximately 20 kHz. Accordingly, the current is reduced, with which they are driven or flows through them.
  • Fig. 1 is also easy to imagine, as with other size ratios of induction heating coils 13 and cooking vessel 15 or cooking 17 induction heating coils with different Coverage levels are operated differently according to the inventive idea. So it could be that a cooking vessel 15 with a cooking point 17 formed by him even covered only four induction heating or at least partially extending over this. Then again, it could be that only a single induction heating coil is considered to be the one with the least coverage and operated with a correspondingly increased frequency and current.
  • the inventive idea works as well with a smaller number of induction heating coils than according to the embodiment of Fig. 1 ,
  • the cooking vessel 15 can be heated with a high power density.
  • This high power density can be 35% to 50% of the maximum power density, ie 4W / cm 2 to 6W / cm 2 .
  • This usually corresponds to an induction hob of the power level 6 to 8.
  • a very high power density and a maximum power density was desired, for example, a steak can be fried or pancakes are prepared in this second case of operation.
  • a very high temperature of the bottom of the cooking vessel 15 is desired, especially in the case of a pan over 200 ° C.
  • the subsequently required power supply then corresponds only to a high power density.
  • the performance of these is low covered induction heating coils 13c even increased beyond a valid for the other induction heating coils power density addition.
  • Such an increase may be made by at least 30% with a coverage of between 10% and 20%.
  • the other two induction heating coils 13c have an overlap of between 20% and 30% through the cooking vessel 15 or through the hotplate 17.
  • the power density is increased by about 10%, so to speak to compensate for the aforementioned interfaces. As a result, as much heat as possible is achieved in the bottom of the cooking vessel 15 in this second operating case.

Description

Anwendungsgebiet und Stand der TechnikField of application and state of the art

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Steuerung eines Induktionskochfeldes sowie ein zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens geeignetes Induktionskochfeld.The invention relates to a method for controlling an induction hob as well as an induction hob suitable for carrying out this method.

Aus der WO 2010/084096 A2 ist es bekannt, ein Induktionskochfeld mit einer Anzahl von Induktionsheizspulen unter einer Kochfeldplatte, die jeweils einzeln und auch im Verbund gemeinsam ansteuerbar sind, gemäß einer bestimmten Leistungsverteilung zwischen den Induktionsheizspulen zu betreiben. Bei sehr großen Leistungsdichten für eine Beheizung eines auf die Kochplatte aufgestellten Kochgefäßes sollen eher weniger Induktionsheizspulen betrieben werden, diese müssen dann aber von dem Kochgefäß weitgehend oder sogar vollständig bedeckt sein. Dazu sollen diese wenigen Induktionsheizspulen aber mit sehr hoher oder maximaler Leistungsdichte, eventuell sogar mit einer sogenannten Boost-Leistung, betrieben werden. Da der Wirkungsgrad beim Betrieb von nicht weitgehend oder vollständig überdeckten Induktionsheizspulen schlechter ist, sollen diese eben ganz abgeschaltet werden zur Einsparung von Energie. Das Dokument WO2010/084096 A2 offenbart ein Verfahren zur Steuerung eines Induktionskochfeldes gemäß des Oberbegriffs in Anspruch 1.From the WO 2010/084096 A2 It is known to operate an induction hob with a number of induction heating coils under a cooktop plate, which are each individually and in combination controllable together, according to a certain power distribution between the induction heating coils. At very high power densities for heating a cooking vessel mounted on the cooking plate rather less induction heating coils are to be operated, but they must then be largely or even completely covered by the cooking vessel. For this purpose, these few Induktionsheizspulen but with very high or maximum power density, possibly even with a so-called boost power, operated. Since the efficiency in the operation of not largely or completely covered induction heating coils is worse, they should just be shut down completely to save energy. The document WO2010 / 084096 A2 discloses a method of controlling an induction hob according to the preamble of claim 1.

Aufgabe und LösungTask and solution

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein eingangs genanntes Verfahren zur Steuerung eines Induktionskochfeldes sowie ein entsprechendes Induktionskochfeld zu schaffen, mit denen Probleme des Stands der Technik gelöst werden können und es insbesondere möglich ist, eine Energieeffizienz bei hohen bzw. sehr hohen Leistungsdichten für Induktionsheizspulen zum gemeinsamen Beheizen eines Kochgefäßes im Verbund zu verbessern.The invention has for its object to provide an aforementioned method for controlling an induction cooktop and a corresponding induction cooktop with which problems of the prior art can be solved and it is particularly possible to achieve energy efficiency at high or very high power densities for induction heating coils to improve joint heating of a cooking vessel in the composite.

Gelöst wird diese Aufgabe durch ein Verfahren zur Steuerung eines Induktionskochfeldes mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 sowie ein entsprechend ausgebildetes Induktionskochfeld mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 13. Vorteilhafte sowie bevorzugte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind in den weiteren Ansprüchen angegeben und werden im Folgenden näher erläutert. Dabei werden manche der Merkmale nur für das Verfahren oder nur für das Induktionskochfeld beschrieben. Sie sollen jedoch unabhängig davon sowohl für ein Verfahren zur Steuerung eines Induktionskochfeldes als auch für ein solches Induktionskochfeld selbständig und unabhängig voneinander gelten können. Der Wortlaut der Ansprüche wird durch ausdrückliche Bezugnahme zum Inhalt der Beschreibung gemacht.This object is achieved by a method for controlling an induction hob with the features of claim 1 and a correspondingly designed induction hob with the features of claim 13. Advantageous and preferred embodiments of the invention are set forth in the further claims and are explained in more detail below. Some of the features are described only for the process or only for the induction hob. However, they should be independent of both a method for controlling an induction hob and for such an induction hob independently and independently. The wording of the claims is incorporated herein by express reference.

Es ist vorgesehen, dass das Induktionskochfeld gemäß der Erfindung eine Kochfeldplatte aufweist und darunter eine Anzahl von Induktionsheizspulen, die jeweils einzeln sowie auch im gemeinsamen Verbund ansteuerbar sind. Grundsätzlich kann ein solches Induktionskochfeld gemäß der eingangs genannten WO 2010/084096 A2 ausgebildet sein, alternativ auch entsprechend der EP 2945463 A1 oder der EP 3026981 A1 .It is envisaged that the induction hob according to the invention comprises a cooktop plate and including a number of induction heating coils, which can be controlled individually and in a common composite. In principle, such an induction hob according to the aforementioned WO 2010/084096 A2 be formed, alternatively also according to the EP 2945463 A1 or the EP 3026981 A1 ,

Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren definiert ein aufgestelltes Kochgefäß mit seiner Standfläche eine Kochstelle. Diejenigen Induktionsheizspulen, die zumindest teilweise von der Kochstelle überdeckt sind, werden zum gemeinsamen Beheizen des Kochgefäßes im Verbund angesteuert. Sie werden also gemeinsam ein- und ausgeschaltet. Darüber hinaus werden sie mit derselben Leistungsstufe bzw. Leistung betrieben, also vorteilhaft mit derselben Leistungsdichte, die hier als Flächenleistungsdichte zu verstehen ist. So kann auch sichergestellt werden, dass ein Boden des Kochgefäßes über seine Fläche hinweg mit einer einigermaßen gleichen Leistungsdichte beaufschlagt wird für eine entsprechende Wärmeerzeugung, was wiederum darin für ein gleichmäßiges Erhitzen des Inhalts des Kochgefäßes sorgt. Ein Unterschied in der Leistungsdichte kann vorteilhaft maximal 15% betragen, vorteilhaft maximal 10%.In the method according to the invention, a placed cooking vessel defines with its base a cooking point. Those induction heating coils, which are at least partially covered by the cooking area, are controlled for the common heating of the cooking vessel in the composite. So they are switched on and off together. In addition, they are operated with the same power level or power, so advantageously with the same power density, which is to be understood here as surface power density. Thus, it can also be ensured that a bottom of the cooking vessel over its surface is acted upon with a reasonably equal power density for a corresponding heat generation, which in turn ensures uniform heating of the contents of the cooking vessel. A difference in the power density can advantageously be at most 15%, advantageously at most 10%.

In einem ersten Betriebsfall, der als Betrieb mit einer sehr hohen Leistungsdichte definiert ist, vorteilhaft als Betrieb mit einer maximalen Leistungsdichte, wird zumindest bei derjenigen genau einen Induktionsheizspule des gemeinsamen Verbunds, welche die geringste Überdeckung durch die Kochstelle bzw. das Kochgefäß aufweist, die Frequenz ihrer Ansteuerung erhöht. Es wird also mindestens eine Induktionsheizspule genommen für die Frequenzerhöhung, und zwar mindestens die genau eine Induktionsheizspule, welche die geringste Überdeckung durch die Kochstelle bzw. das Kochgefäß aufweist. Dies kann durch ein Verfahren entsprechend der EP 2330866 A2 oder der EP 2574144 A2 festgestellt werden anhand der Parameter in der Ansteuerung der einzelnen Induktionsheizspulen bzw. anhand der Parameter von deren Schwingungsantwort. Diese genau eine Induktionsheizspule arbeitet dann mit einer höheren Frequenz als andere Induktionsheizspulen bzw. als die restlichen Induktionsheizspulen dieses Verbunds unter dieser Kochstelle. Eine Frequenzerhöhung kann zumindest einige kHz bzw. mehr als 1 kHz betragen, besonders vorzugsweise mehr als 10kHz oder mehr als 17kHz.In a first operating case, which is defined as operation with a very high power density, advantageous as operation with a maximum power density, at least in that one exactly Induktionsheizspule the common composite, which has the least coverage by the cooking or the cooking vessel, the frequency increased their control. So it is at least one induction heating coil taken for the frequency increase, and that at least exactly one induction heating coil, which has the least coverage by the cooking or the cooking vessel. This can be done by a procedure according to the EP 2330866 A2 or the EP 2574144 A2 be determined on the basis of the parameters in the control of the individual induction heating coils or on the basis of the parameters of their vibration response. This exactly one induction heating coil then operates at a higher frequency than other induction heating coils or as the remaining induction heating coils of this composite under this cooking point. A frequency increase may be at least a few kHz or more than 1 kHz, more preferably more than 10 kHz or more than 17 kHz.

Dadurch ist es möglich, dass die Effizienz dieser am geringsten überdeckten Induktionsheizspule in ihrem Betrieb dadurch etwas verbessert wird, dass die Frequenz erhöht wird. Es wird nämlich bei gleicher Leistungsdichte der Strom verringert, wodurch automatisch die Verluste bei dieser Induktionsheizspule ebenfalls verringert werden.As a result, it is possible for the efficiency of this least-covered induction heating coil to be somewhat improved in its operation by increasing the frequency. It will namely reduced at the same power density of the current, which automatically reduces the losses in this induction heating coil also.

In Weiterbildung der Erfindung kann vorgesehen sein, dass in dem vorgenannten ersten Betriebsfall nicht nur die genau eine Induktionsheizspule mit der geringsten Überdeckung mit einer höheren Frequenz betrieben wird, sondern mindestens die genau zwei Induktionsheizspulen mit der geringsten Überdeckung, also die Induktionsheizspule mit der geringsten Überdeckung und die Induktionsheizspule mit der zweitgeringsten Überdeckung. Diese beiden Induktionsheizspulen werden dann gemeinsam betrieben mit einer gemeinsamen, also gleichen, höheren Frequenz als die anderen Induktionsheizspulen unter dieser Kochstelle bzw. unter diesem Kochgefäß. Die Frequenzerhöhung kann in dem vorbeschriebenen Maß vorgenommen werden. In nochmals weiterer möglicher Weiterbildung der Erfindung können, vorteilhaft wenn eine Kochstelle bzw. ein diese definierendes Kochgefäß mehr als sechs oder sieben Induktionsheizspulen überdeckt, sogar die drei oder noch mehr Induktionsheizspulen mit der geringsten Überdeckung gemeinsam mit einer höheren Frequenz betrieben werden wie zuvor erläutert.In a further development of the invention can be provided that in the aforementioned first case of operation not only exactly one Induktionsheizspule with the lowest coverage is operated at a higher frequency, but at least exactly two Induktionsheizspulen with the lowest coverage, so the induction heating coil with the lowest coverage and the induction heating coil with the second lowest coverage. These two induction heating coils are then operated together with a common, ie the same, higher frequency than the other induction heating coils under this cooking point or under this cooking vessel. The frequency increase can be made in the above-described measure. In yet another possible development of the invention can advantageously, if a cooking point or a cooking vessel defining this covers more than six or seven induction heating coils, even the three or more induction heating coils are operated with the lowest coverage together with a higher frequency as explained above.

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren weist im Vergleich zur vorgenannten WO 2010/084096 A2 den Vorteil auf, dass sozusagen auf der gesamten Fläche der durch das aufgestellte Kochgefäß gebildeten Kochstelle oder zumindest auf einem Großteil der Fläche Leistung in den Kochgefäßboden eingekoppelt wird, wenngleich diese unter Umständen im Bereich der mit höherer Frequenz betriebenen Induktionsheizspule oder Induktionsheizspulen eine etwas verringerte Leistungsdichte aufweist. Damit ist eine noch stärkere Beheizung des Kochgefäßes möglich und somit kann beispielsweise noch schneller erreicht werden, dass darin befindliches Wasser kocht.The inventive method has compared to the aforementioned WO 2010/084096 A2 has the advantage that, as it were, power is coupled into the cooking vessel bottom over the entire area of the cooking zone formed by the installed cooking vessel, or at least over a majority of the area, although this may have a somewhat reduced power density in the area of the induction heating coil or induction heating coils operated at a higher frequency , For an even stronger heating of the cooking vessel is possible and thus, for example, can be achieved even faster that boiling water therein.

In weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung kann der erste Betriebsfall definitionsgemäß dann vorliegen, wenn die Induktionsheizspulen als Verbund für eine Kochstelle mit einer Leistungsdichte von mehr als 50% ihrer Maximalleistungsdichte bzw. mit mehr als 6W/cm2 arbeiten, vorteilhaft zumindest diejenigen Induktionsheizspulen der Kochstelle, die nicht in ihrer Frequenz verändert werden. Vorteilhaft kann diese Leistungsdichte für das Vorliegen des ersten Betriebsfalls bei mehr als 65% der Maximalleistungsdichte liegen bzw. mehr als 7W/cm2 betragen. Bei üblichen Induktionskochfeldern entspricht dies einem Betrieb mit der Stufe 9, also der höchsten regulären Leistungsstufe, sowie der darüber liegenden Boost-Leistungsstufe, welche dann die Maximalleistungsdichte definiert. Diese kann bei etwa 10 W/cm2 liegen. Eine solche Boost-Leistungsstufe sollte nur kurz bzw. nur wenige Minuten lang verwendet werden, was aber üblicherweise ausreicht, um beispielsweise Wasser möglichst schnell zum Kochen zu bringen.In a further embodiment of the invention, by definition, the first operating case may be present when the induction heating coils operate as a composite for a cooking station with a power density of more than 50% of their maximum power density or more than 6W / cm 2 , advantageously at least those induction heating coils of the cooking station not be changed in their frequency. Advantageously, this power density for the presence of the first operating case may be more than 65% of the maximum power density or more than 7W / cm 2 . In conventional induction hobs this corresponds to operation with the level 9, ie the highest regular power level, as well as the overlying boost power level, which then defines the maximum power density. This can be about 10 W / cm 2 . Such a boost power level should only be used for a short or a few minutes, but usually sufficient, for example, to bring water to a boil as quickly as possible.

In weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist es möglich, dass im vorgenannten ersten Betriebsfall mit einer sehr hohen Leistungsdichte die Frequenz derjenigen Induktionsheizspulen erhöht wird, die zu weniger als 30% ihrer Fläche von der Kochstelle überdeckt sind. Vorteilhaft kann die Erhöhung der Frequenz sogar nur für diejenigen Induktionsheizspulen gelten, die zu weniger als 20% ihrer Fläche von der Kochstelle bzw. von dem Kochgefäß überdeckt sind. Dies sind also die vorgenannten am geringsten überdeckten Induktionsheizspulen. Durch diese Definition kann also auch bestimmt werden, ob nur eine einzige Induktionsheizspule mit der geringsten Überdeckung mit einer höheren Frequenz betrieben wird oder aber ob die zwei Induktionsheizspulen oder sogar die drei Induktionsheizspulen mit der jeweils geringsten Überdeckung mit einer erhöhten Frequenz betrieben werden. So kann erreicht werden, dass eben möglicherweise auch mehrere Induktionsheizspulen, die eine geringe Überdeckung durch die Kochstelle aufweisen, mit einer erhöhten Frequenz betrieben werden, da sie aufgrund des geringen Überdeckungsgrads nur einen geringen Teil zum Gesamtleistungseintrag in das Kochgefäß beitragen und somit auch nicht besonders effektiv arbeiten. Ihre Effizienz kann also gut auf Kosten der Effektivität verbessert werden.In a further embodiment of the invention, it is possible that in the aforementioned first operating case with a very high power density, the frequency of those Induktionsheizspulen is increased, which are covered to less than 30% of their area from the cooking area. Advantageously, the increase in frequency even apply only to those induction heating coils, which are covered to less than 20% of their area from the hob or from the cooking vessel. So these are the aforementioned least covered induction heating coils. This definition can thus also be used to determine whether only a single induction heating coil with the lowest coverage is operated at a higher frequency or whether the two induction heating coils or even the three induction heating coils with the lowest coverage are operated at an increased frequency. Thus it can be achieved that just possibly also several induction heating coils, which have a low coverage by the cooking area, are operated at an increased frequency, since they only contribute a small part to the overall power input into the cooking vessel and thus not particularly effective due to the low degree of coverage work. So your efficiency can be improved well at the expense of effectiveness.

In Ausbildung der Erfindung kann vorgesehen sein, dass im ersten Betriebsfall die am geringsten überdeckte Induktionsheizspule oder die zwei bzw. sogar die drei jeweils am geringsten überdeckten Induktionsheizspulen eben mit einer höheren Frequenz und dafür mit einer geringeren Leistungsdichte betrieben werden. So kann der Strom für ihre Ansteuerung nochmals etwas gesenkt werden, so dass auch deren elektrische Verluste nochmals etwas gesenkt werden können.In an embodiment of the invention, it may be provided that in the first operating case the least covered induction heating coil or the two or even the three in each case least covered induction heating coils are operated at a higher frequency and therefore at a lower power density. Thus, the current for their control can be slightly reduced again, so that their electrical losses can be lowered again something.

Vorteilhaft können alle restlichen Induktionsheizspulen der Kochstelle bzw. unter dem Kochgefäß, die als Verbund zum gemeinsamen Beheizen betrieben werden, mit der gleichen Frequenz betrieben werden. Insgesamt werden somit die Induktionsheizspulen einer Kochstelle nur mit zwei Frequenzen betrieben.Advantageously, all remaining Induktionsheizspulen the hotplate or under the cooking vessel, which are operated as a composite for common heating, operated at the same frequency. Overall, therefore, the induction heating coils of a cooking station are operated only with two frequencies.

In weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung kann ein zweiter Betriebsfall definiert sein als Betrieb mit einer hohen Leistungsdichte. Diese ist also etwas geringer als die vorbeschriebene sehr hohe Leistungsdichte. Dabei werden alle betriebenen Induktionsheizspulen des Verbundes unter der Kochstelle so angesteuert, dass die Leistungsdichte, die an bzw. unter der Kochstelle erzeugt wird, gleichmäßig verteilt ist bzw. dass die Leistungsdichte, also die Leistungserzeugung pro Fläche, bei jeder der unter dieser Kochstelle betriebenen Induktionsheizspulen gleich ist. Dabei werden vorteilhaft auch diejenigen Induktionsheizspulen betrieben, die zu weniger als 40% ihrer Fläche von der Kochstelle überdeckt sind. Es können auch noch diejenigen Induktionsheizspulen betrieben werden, die zu weniger als 30% oder sogar zu weniger als 20% von der Kochstelle überdeckt werden. Bevorzugt werden Induktionsheizspulen, die geringer als 10% von der Kochstelle überdeckt werden, nicht betrieben.In a further embodiment of the invention, a second operating case can be defined as operation with a high power density. This is thus slightly lower than the above-described very high power density. All operated induction heating coils of the network under the cooking area are controlled so that the power density, which is generated at or below the cooking area, is evenly distributed or that the power density, ie the power generation per area, at each of the induction heating coils operated under this hob. In this case, those induction heating coils are advantageously operated, which are covered to less than 40% of their area from the cooking area. It is also possible to operate those induction heating coils which are covered to less than 30% or even less than 20% of the cooking surface. Induction heating coils, which are less than 10% covered by the cooking area, are not operated.

In diesem zweiten Betriebsfall wird das auf die Kochstelle aufgestellte Kochgefäß also mit einer geringeren Leistungsdichte betrieben als im ersten Betriebsfall, die aber relativ gesehen immer noch hoch ist. Dabei ist die reine Effizienz der Leistungserzeugung nicht mehr alleine ausschlaggebend, hier ist vor allem eine möglichst gleichmäßige Wärmeverteilung gewünscht. Eine derartige hohe Leistungsdichte dieses zweiten Betriebsfalls wird beispielsweise zum Anbraten von Steaks oder Pfannkuchen verwendet, wo, anders als beim möglichst schnellen Kochen von Wasser, eine gleichmäßige Wärmeverteilung vorteilhaft ist für ein gewünschtes Bratergebnis. Eine Leistungsdichte, durch die sich dieser zweite Betriebsfall definiert, kann zwischen 35% der Maximalleistungsdichte und derjenigen Leistungsdichte liegen, ab der der vorbeschriebene erste Betriebsfall vorliegt bzw. die Leistungsdichte kann zwischen 35% und 50% oder sogar 65% der Maximalleistungsdichte betragen. Somit kann die Leistungsdichte 4W/cm2 bis 6W/cm2 oder sogar 7W/cm2 betragen.In this second operating case, the cooking vessel set up on the cooking surface is thus operated with a lower power density than in the first operating case, which, however, is still relatively high. The pure efficiency of the power generation is no longer the only decisive factor here, above all, the most uniform possible heat distribution is desired. Such a high power density of this second operating case is used, for example, for searing steaks or pancakes, where, in contrast to the fastest possible boiling of water, a uniform heat distribution is advantageous for a desired frying result. A power density by which this second operating case is defined may be between 35% of the maximum power density and the power density above which the above-described first operating case exists or the power density may be between 35% and 50% or even 65% of the maximum power density. Thus, the power density may be 4W / cm 2 to 6W / cm 2 or even 7W / cm 2 .

In Ausgestaltung der Erfindung kann bei dem vorbeschriebenen zweiten Betriebsfall bei denjenigen Induktionsheizspulen, die nur zwischen 10% und 20% Überdeckung durch die Kochstelle bzw. das aufgestellte Kochgefäß aufweisen, die Leistungsdichte deutlich erhöht werden. Vorteilhaft kann deren Leistungsdichte um mindestens 30% erhöht werden, besonders vorteilhaft um bis zu 60%. Somit soll auch bei einer geringen Überdeckung auch in diesem Flächenbereich durch die erhöhte Leistungsdichte eine letztlich im Kochgefäßboden erzeugte, weitgehend gleiche Temperatur erreicht werden.In an embodiment of the invention, the power density can be significantly increased in the above-described second case of operation in those induction heating coils, which have only between 10% and 20% coverage through the hob or the raised cooking vessel. Advantageously, their power density can be increased by at least 30%, particularly advantageously by up to 60%. Thus, even with a low overlap even in this area by the increased power density ultimately generated in the cooking vessel bottom, largely the same temperature can be achieved.

In nochmals weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung kann in dem vorbeschriebenen zweiten Betriebsfall bei Induktionsheizspulen, die zwischen 20% und 30% Überdeckung durch die Kochstelle bzw. das aufgestellte Kochgefäß aufweisen, die Leistungsdichte etwas geringer erhöht werden als zuvor beschrieben für noch weniger überdeckte Induktionsheizspule. So kann hier die Leistungsdichte vorzugsweise nur um 10% bis 30% erhöht werden. Allerdings ist dies angesichts des etwas höheren Überdeckungsgrades ausreichend, das vorgenannte Ziel einer möglichst gleichmäßig verteilten Temperatur am Kochgefäßboden zu erreichen.In yet another embodiment of the invention, in the above-described second case of operation for induction heating coils, which have between 20% and 30% coverage by the cooking or the raised cooking vessel, the power density can be slightly increased as previously described for even less covered induction heating coil. So here, the power density can be increased preferably only by 10% to 30%. However, this is sufficient in view of the slightly higher degree of coverage to achieve the aforementioned goal of a uniformly distributed temperature on the cooking vessel bottom.

Es ist möglich, dass bei dem vorbeschriebenen zweiten Betriebsfall bei denjenigen Induktionsheizspulen, die mehr als 30% Überdeckung durch die Kochstelle bzw. das aufgestellte Kochgefäß aufweisen, die Leistungsdichte gar nicht erhöht wird bzw. deren sogenannte hohe Leistungsdichte entsprechend der obigen Definition beibehalten wird.It is possible that in the above-described second case of operation in those induction heating coils having more than 30% coverage by the cooking or the raised cooking vessel, the power density is not increased or their so-called high power density is maintained according to the above definition.

In diesem zweiten Betriebsfall mit einer hohen Leistungsdichte kann durch die Erhöhung der Leistungsdichte der nur gering überdeckten Induktionsheizspulen ein Wärmeabfluss im Kochgefäß in Richtung eines unbeheizten Abstandsbereichs zwischen zwei Induktionsheizspulen wirksam kompensiert werden.In this second operating case with a high power density can be effectively compensated by increasing the power density of the only slightly covered induction heating coils heat flow in the cooking vessel in the direction of an unheated distance range between two induction heating.

In Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist es möglich, dass eine eingangs beschriebene Differenz zwischen den Frequenzen, mit denen einerseits die Induktionsheizspulen des Verbunds als gemeinsame Frequenz betrieben werden und andererseits die eine, zwei oder drei Induktionsheizspulen mit der geringsten Überdeckung mit einer anderen Frequenz betrieben werden, noch höher liegt. Sie kann mindestens 17kHz betragen. Durch das Überschreiten der allgemeinen Hörschwelle können bei einer solchen Frequenzdifferenz mögliche Störgeräusche in den nicht mehr hörbaren Bereich verschoben werden. So kann eine störende Geräuschentwicklung beim ersten Betriebsfall und auch beim zweiten Betriebsfall vermieden werden.In an embodiment of the invention, it is possible that a difference between the frequencies described above, with which on the one hand the induction heating coils of the composite are operated as a common frequency and on the other hand, the one, two or three induction heating coils are operated with the lowest coverage at a different frequency, yet higher. It can be at least 17kHz. By exceeding the general hearing threshold possible interference noise can be moved in the no longer audible range at such a frequency difference. Thus, a disturbing noise in the first case of operation and also in the second case of operation can be avoided.

Eine Steuerung des Induktionskochfelds ist also dazu ausgebildet, das vorbeschriebene Verfahren gemäß der Erfindung sowie in seinen verschiedenen Ausgestaltungen durchzuführen. In Leistungssteuerungsmitteln des Induktionskochfeldes für die einzelnen Induktionsheizspulen können die vorgenannten Parameter ausgewertet werden, die in der vorgenannten EP 2330866 A2 oder der EP 2574144 A2 entsprechend beschrieben sind.A control of the induction hob is therefore designed to perform the method described above according to the invention and in its various embodiments. In power control means of the induction cooktop for the individual induction heating coils, the aforementioned parameters can be evaluated, which in the aforementioned EP 2330866 A2 or the EP 2574144 A2 are described accordingly.

Bevorzugt sind die Leistungssteuerungsmittel als Halbbrücken-Umrichter angeordnet bzw. ausgebildet, wodurch eine gewünschte Leistungsdichte vorteilhaft und ohne größere Verluste erzeugt werden kann.Preferably, the power control means are arranged or designed as half-bridge converters, whereby a desired power density can be generated advantageously and without major losses.

Vorteilhaft weist jede Induktionsheizspule einen eigenen Umrichter in Serienschwingkreistechnologie auf für eine Ansteuerung mit einer eigenen Frequenz und individuellem Duty Cycle. Ein Duty Cycle von 50% bedeutet, dass ein oberer und ein unterer IGBT einer Halbbrücke des genannten Halbbrücken-Umrichters jeweils 50% einer Periodendauer für gleiche Zeit eingeschaltet sind, wobei der maximale Strom bei der gewählten Periodendauer in der Induktionsheizspule fließt. Ein Duty Cycle von 10% bedeutet, dass der erste IGBT nur für 10% der Periodendauer eingeschaltet ist und der zweite IGBT für eine Restdauer, also 90% der Periodendauer. Dabei gilt üblicherweise, dass, je kleiner der Duty Cycle bei gegebener Periodendauer bzw. Frequenz ist, desto kleiner der Strom in der Induktionsheizspule wird und desto weniger Leistung in das aufgestellte Kochgefäß induziert bzw. eingebracht wird. Dieses Schaltungskonzept ermöglicht es, dass mehrere Induktionsheizspulen mit der gleichen Frequenz oder mit einer zweiten, höheren Frequenz angesteuert werden. Diese zweite höhere Frequenz sollte eben mehr als die vorgenannten 17kHz über der ersten Frequenz liegen, um hörbare Interferenzgeräusche zu vermeiden.Each induction heating coil advantageously has its own converter in series resonant circuit technology for activation with its own frequency and individual duty cycle. A duty cycle of 50% means that one upper and one lower IGBT of a half-bridge of said half-bridge inverter are each turned on for 50% of a period for the same time, with the maximum current flowing in the induction heating coil at the selected period. A duty cycle of 10% means that the first IGBT is only switched on for 10% of the period and the second IGBT for a remaining time, ie 90% of the period Period. It usually applies that the smaller the duty cycle for a given period or frequency, the smaller the current in the induction heating coil and the less power is induced or introduced into the set-up cooking vessel. This circuit concept allows multiple induction heating coils to be driven at the same frequency or at a second, higher frequency. This second higher frequency should just be more than the aforementioned 17 kHz above the first frequency to avoid audible interference noise.

Bei der genannten höheren Frequenz kann nur eine begrenzte Leistung übertragen werden, wobei dies aber aufgrund der höheren Frequenz und des verringerten Stroms mit einer besseren Effizienz erfolgt. Des Weiteren fallen weniger Verluste im Umrichter an, wenn eine bestimmte vorgegebene Leistung mit einer höheren Frequenz und einem Duty Cycle von 50% erreicht werden kann im Vergleich zu einer niedrigeren Frequenz und einem geringeren Duty Cycle.Only a limited power can be transmitted at said higher frequency, but this is done with better efficiency due to the higher frequency and the reduced current. Furthermore, there are fewer losses in the inverter when a given predetermined power can be achieved with a higher frequency and a duty cycle of 50% compared to a lower frequency and a lower duty cycle.

Des Weiteren steigt der in die Induktionsheizspule eingekoppelte Topfwiderstand mit der verwendeten Frequenz an. Unterhalb einer Mindestüberdeckung sollte eine Induktionsheizspule nicht betrieben werden, da dann die übertragbare Leistung unverhältnismäßig niedrig ist im Vergleich zu den elektrischen Verlusten. Bei der Erfindung soll es also auch möglich sein, bei hohen Leistungsdichten bzw. bei sehr hohen Leistungsdichten für eine Kochstelle alle Induktionsheizspulen zu betreiben, die ein gewisses Mindestmaß an Überdeckung aufweisen. Dieses Mindestmaß sollte mindestens 10% Überdeckung sein, vorteilhaft mindestens 20% oder sogar 30%. Falls somit eine insgesamt geforderte Gesamtleistung noch nicht erreicht werden kann, wird die Induktionsheizspule mit der zweitgrößten Flächenüberdeckung ebenfalls mit der ersten, niedrigeren Frequenz betrieben, wobei diese Induktionsheizspule und die Induktionsheizspule mit der größten Flächenüberdeckung mit einer höheren Leistung betrieben werden. Dann kann für diese beiden der Duty Cycle 50% oder nahezu 50% betragen.Furthermore, the cup resistance coupled into the induction heating coil increases with the frequency used. Below a minimum coverage, an induction heating coil should not be operated, because then the transmittable power is disproportionately low compared to the electrical losses. In the invention, it should therefore also be possible to operate at high power densities or at very high power densities for a hotplate all Induktionsheizspulen having a certain minimum level of coverage. This minimum should be at least 10% overlap, preferably at least 20% or even 30%. Thus, if a total required total power can not yet be achieved, the induction heating coil with the second largest surface coverage is also operated at the first, lower frequency, and this induction heating coil and the induction heating coil having the largest area coverage are operated at a higher output. Then, for these two, the duty cycle can be 50% or nearly 50%.

Liegt ein Bedeckungsunterschied zwischen den Induktionsheizspule mit der größten Flächenüberdeckung nicht in erheblichem Maß vor, beträgt er beispielsweise weniger als 20%, dann sollten diese Induktionsheizspulen alle mit derselben Frequenz und mit demselben Duty Cycle von 50% betrieben werden.For example, if there is less than 20% coverage difference between the induction heating coil having the largest area coverage, then these induction heating coils should all be operated at the same frequency and 50% duty cycle.

Die Erhöhung der Leistungsdichte für gering überdeckte Induktionsheizspulen kommt daher, dass bei deren kleiner Bedeckung ein überdeckter Randbereich der Induktionsheizspule, in dem diese also nicht wirksam ist, im Verhältnis zur bedeckten Fläche der Induktionsheizspule besonders groß ist. Somit muss eine größere unbeheizte Fläche, die sich durch den Abstand bzw. durch Abstandsflächen oder Zwischenflächen zwischen den Induktoren ergibt, ausgeglichen werden.The increase in the power density for low-coverage induction heating coils is due to the fact that, with their small coverage, a covered edge region of the induction heating coil, in which this is not effective, in relation to the covered surface of the induction heating coil is especially big. Thus, a larger unheated area resulting from the spacing or clearance areas or interfaces between the inductors must be balanced.

Diese und weitere Merkmale gehen außer aus den Ansprüchen auch aus der Beschreibung und den Zeichnungen hervor.These and other features are apparent from the claims and from the description and drawings.

Kurzbeschreibung der ZeichnungBrief description of the drawing

Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind in der Zeichnung schematisch dargestellt und werden im Folgenden näher erläutert. Dabei zeigt die Fig. 1 eine Draufsicht auf eine Anzahl von Induktionsheizspulen in dichter Anordnung nebeneinander, die unter einem Induktionskochfeld angeordnet sind. Ein Kochgefäß ist aufgestellt und definiert mit seiner Standfläche eine Kochfläche.Embodiments of the invention are shown schematically in the drawing and are explained in more detail below. It shows the Fig. 1 a plan view of a number of induction heating coils in a tight array next to each other, which are arranged under an induction hob. A cooking vessel is set up and defines with its footprint a cooking surface.

Detaillierte Beschreibung der AusführungsbeispieleDetailed description of the embodiments

In der einfach gehaltenen Darstellung der Fig. 1 wird schematisch erläutert, wie bei einer Anordnung von mehreren bzw. vielen Induktionsheizspulen 13 in engem Verbund, hier als runde Induktionsheizspulen ausgeführt, ein aufgestelltes Kochgefäß 15 beheizt werden kann. Diese Anordnung von Induktionsheizspulen 13 könnte in einem Induktionskochfeld 11 eingebaut sein, also unter einer Kochfeldplatte angeordnet sein. Hierfür wird beispielsweise auf die eingangs genannte WO 2010/084096 A2 verwiesen. Es könnten natürlich auch weniger oder sogar deutlich weniger Induktionsheizspulen vorgesehen sein, beispielsweise in etwa doppelt so groß. Dann könnten je nach genauer Position des Kochgefäßes 15 nur zwei bis vier Induktionsheizspulen davon bedeckt oder teilweise überdeckt sein. Sie könnten auch andere Formen aufweisen, beispielsweise angenähert rechteckig bzw. quadratisch oder sogar trapezförmig entsprechend der DE 102011083125 A1 .In the simple representation of the Fig. 1 is explained schematically, as in an arrangement of several or many induction heating coils 13 in close association, designed here as a round induction heating coils, a cooking vessel 15 can be heated. This arrangement of induction heating coils 13 could be installed in an induction hob 11, so be arranged under a hob plate. For this example, the above-mentioned WO 2010/084096 A2 directed. Of course, less or even significantly less induction heating coils could be provided, for example, about twice as large. Then, depending on the exact position of the cooking vessel 15, only two to four induction heating coils could be covered or partially covered by it. You could also have other shapes, for example, approximately rectangular or square or even trapezoidal according to the DE 102011083125 A1 ,

Ein Kochgefäß 15, beispielsweise ein Kochtopf oder eine Pfanne, ist oberhalb der Induktionsheizspulen 13 platziert bzw. aufgestellt. Seine durch den Kreisring angedeutete Standfläche definiert eine Kochstelle 17, also den Bereich, in dem eine Leistungserzeugung erfolgen soll, um Wärme in den Boden des Kochgefäßes 15 und somit in dessen Inhalt zu übertragen. Dies ist dem Fachmann bekannt.A cooking vessel 15, such as a saucepan or pan, is placed above the induction heating coils 13. Its indicated by the annulus footprint defines a hotplate 17, so the area in which a power generation is to take place, to transfer heat into the bottom of the cooking vessel 15 and thus in its content. This is known to the person skilled in the art.

Die Induktionsheizspulen 13 sind teilweise unterschiedlich bedeckt. Fünf Induktionsheizspulen 13a sind voll überdeckt, erkennbar durch die Kreuzschraffierung. Drei Induktionsheizspulen 13b sind zu deutlich mehr als 50% überdeckt. Wie sie hier angeordnet sind ist Zufall gerade bei dieser gewählten Position für das Kochgefäß 15 und muss nicht immer so sein, ebenso wie die Anordnung der fünf voll überdeckten Induktionsheizspulen 13a. Zwei weitere Induktionsheizspulen 13b oben rechts und links in der Mitte sind zu etwa 50% überdeckt. Die Induktionsheizspulen 13b sind nur schräg und eng schraffiert.The induction heating coils 13 are partially covered differently. Five induction heating coils 13a are fully covered, recognizable by the cross-hatching. Three induction heating coils 13b are covered to significantly more than 50%. As they are arranged here, coincidence is just at this selected position for the cooking vessel 15 and need not always be so, as well as the arrangement of the five fully covered induction heating coils 13a. Two further induction heating coils 13b in the upper right and left in the middle are covered to about 50%. The induction heating coils 13b are obliquely and narrowly hatched.

Des Weiteren sind zwei Induktionsheizspulen 13c zu etwa 30% oder weniger ihrer Fläche überdeckt, die Induktionsheizspule 13c ganz rechts in der Mitte nur zu etwa 10%. Auch deren Anordnung ist zufällig. Die Induktionsheizspulen 13c sind nur schräg und weit schraffiert.Further, two induction heating coils 13c are covered to about 30% or less of their area, and the rightmost induction heating coil 13c is only about 10% in the center. Their arrangement is also random. The induction heating coils 13c are only obliquely and widely hatched.

Für die fünf voll überdeckten Induktionsheizspulen 13a wird es noch allermeistens der Fall sein, dass sie nebeneinander oder sozusagen als eine Art flächiger Verbund angeordnet sind. Die Induktionsheizspulen 13b und/oder 13c können aber auch durchaus gegenüberliegend eines solchen vollüberdeckten Verbundes angeordnet sein.For the five fully covered induction heating coils 13a, it will most of all be the case that they are arranged next to one another or, so to speak, as a kind of flat composite. The induction heating coils 13b and / or 13c may, however, also be arranged completely opposite such a fully covered composite.

Anhand des Ansteuerungsverhaltens der Induktionsheizspulen, insbesondere durch Beobachten des hindurchfließenden Stroms, kann der Grad ihrer Überdeckung durch das Kochgefäß 15 in etwa festgestellt werden. Soll nun in einem eingangs genannten ersten Betriebsfall das Kochgefäß 15 mit einer sehr hohen Leistungsdichte betrieben werden, die bei mehr als 50% oder sogar mehr als 65% der Maximalleistungsdichte liegen kann, also mehr als 6W/cm2 oder 7W/cm2 betragen kann und üblicherweise bei einem Induktionskochfeld der Leistungsstufe 9 oder einer darüber liegenden Boost-Leistungsstufe entspricht, soll als typischer Anwendungsfall Wasser in dem Kochgefäß 15 möglichst schnell erhitzt werden. Eine nicht dargestellte Steuerung des Induktionskochfeldes 11 für die Induktionsheizspulen 13 stellt dann eben fest, dass die fünf Induktionsheizspulen 13a voll überdeckt sind. Sie werden also mit der genannten sehr hohen Leistungsdichte betrieben.On the basis of the driving behavior of the induction heating coils, in particular by observing the current flowing through, the degree of their coverage by the cooking vessel 15 can be approximately determined. Now, in a first case of operation mentioned above, the cooking vessel 15 should be operated with a very high power density, which may be more than 50% or even more than 65% of the maximum power density, that is more than 6W / cm 2 or 7W / cm 2 and usually corresponds to an induction hob of the power level 9 or an overlying boost power level, should be heated as quickly as possible in the cooking vessel 15 as a typical application. An unillustrated control of the induction hob 11 for the induction heating coils 13 then just states that the five induction heating coils 13a are fully covered. They are therefore operated with the mentioned very high power density.

Die fünf Induktionsheizspulen 13b, die nur teilweise, aber zu mindestens 50%, von dem Kochgefäß 15 bzw. der Kochstelle 17 überdeckt sind, werden ebenfalls mit dieser sehr hohen Leistungsdichte betrieben. Insbesondere werden sie entweder mit demselben Strom betrieben wie die voll überdeckten Induktionsheizspulen 13a. Alternativ werden sie mit derselben Leistungsdichte wie die voll überdeckten Induktionsheizspulen 13a betrieben, aber auf die Fläche der Überdeckung durch das Kochgefäß 15 bzw. durch die Kochstelle 17 bezogen. Dies liegt daran, dass, wenn eine solche Induktionsheizspule 13b gerade zu nur wenig mehr als 50% überdeckt ist, wie die rechte obere Induktionsheizspule 13b, die gesamte von ihr erzeugte Leistung in den über ihr liegenden Bereich des Bodens des Kochgefäßes 15 eingekoppelt wird. Somit kann in diesem Fall die Leistungsdichte auf die Fläche der Überdeckung zwischen Kochgefäß 15 bzw. Kochstelle 17 und Induktionsheizspule 13b bezogen werden. Wird die rechte obere Induktionsheizspule 13b mit etwa der halben Leistungsdichte wie die Induktionsheizspulen 13a betrieben, und zwar auf ihre eigene Fläche bezogen, und wird im Wesentlichen die gesamte Leistung in den über ihr liegenden Bereich des Bodens des Kochgefäßes 15 eingekoppelt, so ergibt sich in diesem Boden des Kochgefäßes 15 dieselbe Leistungsdichte der eingekoppelten Leistung wie über den voll bedeckten Induktionsheizspulen 13a. In dem Fall, dass die Induktionsheizspulen 13b mit demselben Strom betrieben werden und bei der selben Frequenz wie die voll überdeckten Induktionsheizspulen 13a, wäre in den darüber liegenden Bereichen des Bodens des Kochgefäßes 15 die eingekoppelte Leistungsdichte doppelt so hoch. Die kann zwar auch vorgesehen sein, es muss aber nicht so sein.The five induction heating coils 13b, which are only partially, but at least 50%, covered by the cooking vessel 15 and the cooking zone 17, are also operated with this very high power density. In particular, they are operated either with the same current as the fully covered induction heating coils 13a. Alternatively, they will be at the same power density how the fully covered induction heating coils operated 13a, but related to the surface of the cover by the cooking vessel 15 and by the hotplate 17. This is because, when such induction heating coil 13b is just over 50% covered, like right upper induction heating coil 13b, all the power generated by it is coupled into the overlying area of the bottom of cooking vessel 15. Thus, in this case, the power density can be related to the area of overlap between cooking vessel 15 and cooking area 17 and induction heating coil 13b. If the right upper induction heating coil 13b is operated at about half the power density of the induction heating coils 13a, and in its own area, and substantially all of the power is coupled into the overlying area of the bottom of the cooking vessel 15, it results Bottom of the cooking vessel 15 the same power density of the coupled power as over the fully covered induction heating coils 13 a. In the case where the induction heating coils 13b are operated with the same current and at the same frequency as the fully covered induction heating coils 13a, in the overlying areas of the bottom of the cooking vessel 15, the coupled power density would be twice as high. Although this can also be provided, it does not have to be that way.

Die drei weniger als 30% überdeckten Induktionsheizspulen 13c werden als die erfindungsgemäßen Induktionsheizspulen mit der geringsten Überdeckung durch die Kochstelle 17 bzw. durch das Kochgefäß 15 angesehen. Es muss also nicht nur eine einzige Induktionsheizspule sein, beispielsweise die Induktionsheizspule 13c rechts unten, die als diejenige mit der geringsten Überdeckung angesehen wird und die dann mit der höheren Frequenz angesteuert wird. Es liegt an der großen Anzahl an vorhandenen Induktionsheizspulen 13 und deren geringer Größe, dass so viele von dem Kochgefäß 15 bzw. der Kochstelle 17 zumindest teilweise überdeckt werden. Bei diesen drei Induktionsheizspulen 13c wird also erfindungsgemäß die Frequenz der Ansteuerung erhöht, vorteilhaft um mindestens 17kHz, besonders vorteilhaft um etwa 20kHz. Dementsprechend wird der Strom reduziert, mit dem sie angesteuert werden bzw. der durch sie hindurchfließt.The three less than 30% covered induction heating coils 13c are regarded as the induction heating coils according to the invention with the least coverage by the cooking point 17 or by the cooking vessel 15. Thus, it need not be just a single induction heating coil, for example the induction heating coil 13c at the bottom right, which is considered to be the one with the least coverage and which is then driven at the higher frequency. It is due to the large number of existing induction heating coils 13 and their small size that so many of the cooking vessel 15 and the cooking area 17 are at least partially covered. In the case of these three induction heating coils 13c, the frequency of the activation is thus increased according to the invention, advantageously by at least 17 kHz, particularly advantageously by approximately 20 kHz. Accordingly, the current is reduced, with which they are driven or flows through them.

Somit wird erreicht, dass die drei nur gering überdeckten Induktionsheizspulen 13c mit geringerem Strom betrieben werden und somit auch geringere elektrische Verluste aufweisen. Ihre Leistungseinkopplung in das Kochgefäß 15 ist ohnehin verringert, da sie ja eben nur zu einem geringen Maß überdeckt sind.This ensures that the three only slightly covered induction heating coils 13c are operated with lower power and thus also have lower electrical losses. Their power input into the cooking vessel 15 is reduced anyway, since they are indeed just covered to a small extent.

Angesichts der Fig. 1 ist auch leicht vorstellbar, wie bei anderen Größenverhältnissen von Induktionsheizspulen 13 und Kochgefäß 15 bzw. Kochstelle 17 Induktionsheizspulen mit unterschiedlichen Überdeckungsgraden unterschiedlich betrieben werden entsprechend dem erfinderischen Gedanken. So könnte es sein, dass ein Kochgefäß 15 mit einer von ihm gebildeten Kochstelle 17 auch nur vier Induktionsheizspulen überhaupt bedeckt oder über diesen zumindest teilweise verläuft. Dann wiederum könnte es sein, dass nur eine einzige Induktionsheizspule als diejenige mit der geringsten Überdeckung angesehen wird und mit entsprechend erhöhter Frequenz und Strom betrieben wird. Der erfinderische Gedanke funktioniert also genauso mit einer geringeren Anzahl von Induktionsheizspulen als gemäß dem Ausführungsbeispiel der Fig. 1.Given the Fig. 1 is also easy to imagine, as with other size ratios of induction heating coils 13 and cooking vessel 15 or cooking 17 induction heating coils with different Coverage levels are operated differently according to the inventive idea. So it could be that a cooking vessel 15 with a cooking point 17 formed by him even covered only four induction heating or at least partially extending over this. Then again, it could be that only a single induction heating coil is considered to be the one with the least coverage and operated with a correspondingly increased frequency and current. The inventive idea works as well with a smaller number of induction heating coils than according to the embodiment of Fig. 1 ,

In einem zweiten eingangs erläuterten Betriebsfall kann vorgesehen sein, dass das Kochgefäß 15 mit einer hohen Leistungsdichte beheizt werden soll. Diese hohe Leistungsdichte kann 35% bis 50% der Maximalleistungsdichte betragen, also 4W/cm2 bis 6W/cm2 betragen. Dies entspricht üblicherweise bei einem Induktionskochfeld der Leistungsstufe 6 bis 8. Während also im vorgenannten ersten Betriebsfall eine sehr hohe Leistungsdichte bzw. eine maximale Leistungsdichte gewünscht war, können in diesem zweiten Betriebsfall beispielsweise ein Steak angebraten oder Pfannkuchen zubereitet werden. Vor allem für ein Steak wird zwar eine sehr hohe Temperatur des Bodens des Kochgefäßes 15 gewünscht, insbesondere im Fall einer Pfanne über 200°C. Die anschließend nötige Leistungszufuhr entspricht dann aber nur noch einer hohen Leistungsdichte.In a second operating case explained at the outset, provision can be made for the cooking vessel 15 to be heated with a high power density. This high power density can be 35% to 50% of the maximum power density, ie 4W / cm 2 to 6W / cm 2 . This usually corresponds to an induction hob of the power level 6 to 8. Thus, while in the aforementioned first case of operation a very high power density and a maximum power density was desired, for example, a steak can be fried or pancakes are prepared in this second case of operation. Especially for a steak, although a very high temperature of the bottom of the cooking vessel 15 is desired, especially in the case of a pan over 200 ° C. The subsequently required power supply then corresponds only to a high power density.

In diesem zweiten Betriebsfall ist eine Energieeinsparung bei denjenigen Induktionsheizspulen 13c, die nur gering überdeckt sind, nicht mehr so bedeutsam. Die absolute Leistung ist ja deutlich reduziert, wenngleich es immer noch eine hohe Leistungsdichte ist. Gerade bei einem solchen zweiten Betriebsfall kommt es aber, anders als beim vorbeschriebenen ersten Betriebsfall, auf eine gleichmäßige Wärmeerzeugung an, damit ein Ergebnis des Anbratens gleichmäßig und gut ist. Hier erfolgt also keine mögliche Leistungsreduzierung bei den etwas mehr als hälftig überdeckten Induktionsheizspulen 13b und auch nicht bei den gering überdeckten Induktionsheizspulen 13c entsprechend Fig. 1. Vielmehr wird nun versucht, im gesamten Boden des Kochgefäßes 15 eine gleichmäßige Erwärmung bzw. Einkopplung von Leistung zu erreichen. Entsprechend wird der Strom durch die Induktionsheizspulen 13b so eingestellt, dass in dem von ihnen überdeckten Bereich des Bodens des Kochgefäßes 15 derselbe Wärmeeintrag pro Fläche vorliegt wie über den voll überdeckten Induktionsheizspulen 13a.In this second operating case, an energy saving in those Induktionsheizspulen 13c, which are only slightly covered, no longer so significant. The absolute power is clearly reduced, although it is still a high power density. However, just in such a second operation case, it comes, unlike the above-described first case of operation, to a uniform heat generation, so that a result of the searing is even and good. Here, therefore, no possible power reduction takes place in the induction heating coils 13b which are slightly more than half covered and also not correspondingly in the case of the slightly covered induction heating coils 13c Fig. 1 , Rather, it is now trying to achieve a uniform heating or coupling of power in the entire bottom of the cooking vessel 15. Accordingly, the current through the induction heating coils 13b is adjusted so that the same heat input per area is present in the region of the bottom of the cooking vessel 15 covered by them than over the fully covered induction heating coils 13a.

Bei den nur gering überdeckten Induktionsheizspulen 13c ist zusätzlich noch zu beachten, dass in ihrem Bereich die Zwischenflächen zwischen den Induktionsheizspulen 13 relativ zur überdeckten Fläche groß sind bzw. sich stärker auswirken. Insofern wird die Leistung bei diesen gering überdeckten Induktionsheizspulen 13c sogar über eine für die anderen Induktionsheizspulen geltende Leistungsdichte hinaus erhöht. Eine solche Erhöhung kann um mindestens 30% erfolgen bei einer Überdeckung zwischen 10% und 20%. Dies ist der Fall also bei der rechten Induktionsheizspule 13c. Die anderen beiden Induktionsheizspulen 13c weisen eine Überdeckung zwischen 20% und 30% durch das Kochgefäß 15 bzw. durch die Kochstelle 17 auf. Hier wird die Leistungsdichte um etwa 10% erhöht, um sozusagen die vorgenannten Zwischenflächen auszugleichen. Dadurch wird bei diesem zweiten Betriebsfall eine möglichst gleiche Wärmeerzeugung in dem Boden des Kochgefäßes 15 erreicht.In addition, in the case of the induction coils 13c, which are only slightly covered, it should be noted that in their region the intermediate surfaces between the induction heating coils 13 relative to the covered surface are large or have a stronger effect. In this respect, the performance of these is low covered induction heating coils 13c even increased beyond a valid for the other induction heating coils power density addition. Such an increase may be made by at least 30% with a coverage of between 10% and 20%. This is the case with the right induction heating coil 13c. The other two induction heating coils 13c have an overlap of between 20% and 30% through the cooking vessel 15 or through the hotplate 17. Here, the power density is increased by about 10%, so to speak to compensate for the aforementioned interfaces. As a result, as much heat as possible is achieved in the bottom of the cooking vessel 15 in this second operating case.

Der Fall eines Kochens von Wasser mit sehr hoher bzw. maximaler Leistungsdichte des Induktionskochfelds 11 als erster Betriebsfall kann zwar schnell, aber mit einer gewissen Energieeinsparung betrieben werden, wie zuvor erläutert worden ist. Eine gleichmäßige Wärmeeinkopplung ist hier nicht so sehr von Bedeutung. Durch den sehr hohen absoluten Energieverbrauch können Maßnahmen zur Energieeinsparung deutliche Wirkung zeigen.The case of boiling water with very high or maximum power density of the induction hob 11 as the first operating case can be operated quickly, but with a certain energy savings, as previously explained. A uniform heat input is not so important here. Thanks to the very high absolute energy consumption, measures to save energy can have a significant impact.

In dem zweiten Betriebsfall, beispielsweise Braten von Steak oder Pfannkuchen mit hoher Leistungsdichte, ist eine Energieeinsparung weniger von Bedeutung. Hier kommt es vielmehr auf einen gleichmäßigen Wärmeeintrag an. Deswegen wird hier die Ansteuerung der Induktionsheizspulen 13 auf einen solchen gleichmäßigen Wärmeeintrag optimiert.In the second instance of operation, for example steak or high power density pancakes, energy saving is less important. Rather, it depends on a uniform heat input. Therefore, the control of the induction heating coils 13 is optimized for such a uniform heat input here.

Bei noch kleineren Leistungsdichten bzw. Leistungsstufen, also unter 4W/cm2 bzw. Leistungsstufen unterhalb der Stufe 5, sind Energiesparfunktionen ohnehin von erheblich geringerer Bedeutung bzw. ist auch ein gleichmäßiger Wärmeeintrag nicht so bedeutsam. Hier erfolgt eine Vergleichmäßigung des Wärmeeintrags vor allem auch durch die mittlerweile sehr gebräuchlichen Kochgefäße mit dickem Boden für eine gute Wärmeverteilung in Querrichtung.At even lower power densities or power levels, ie below 4W / cm 2 or power levels below the level 5, energy-saving functions are anyway of considerably less importance or even a uniform heat input is not so significant. Here, a homogenization of the heat input mainly by the now very common cooking vessels with a thick bottom for a good heat distribution in the transverse direction.

Claims (14)

  1. Method for controlling an induction cooktop, wherein the induction cooktop includes a cooktop hotplate and a number of induction heating coils underneath, each of the coils controllable individually and in combination, wherein:
    - a placed-on cooking vessel defines a cooking zone with its surface area occupied and those induction heating coils that are at least partially covered by the cooking zone are controlled in combination for jointly heating the cooking vessel, characterized in that
    - in a first case of operation, which is defined as operation at a very high power density, at least with that induction heating coil of the combination which has the least covering by the cooking zone, the frequency of controlling is increased such that said induction heating coil works at a higher frequency than other induction heating coils and the remaining induction heating coils, respectively, underneath said cooking zone.
  2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that, in the first case of operation, at least with those two induction heating coils of the combination which have the least and the second least covering by the cooking zone, the frequency of controlling is increased such that said two induction heating coils work at a common, higher frequency than other induction heating coils and the remaining induction heating coils, respectively, underneath said cooking zone.
  3. Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the first case of operation is present if the induction heating coils in combination for a cooking zone work at a power density of more than 50 % of the maximum power density or more than 6 W/cm2, preferably more than 65 % of the maximum power density or more than 7 W/cm2.
  4. Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that, in the first case of operation, at a very high power density, the frequency is increased for those induction heating coils which have less than 30 % of their surface area covered by the cooking zone, preferably less than 20 % of their surface area.
  5. Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that, in the first case of operation, that induction heating coil which has the least covering or those induction heating coils which have the least covering are operated at a higher frequency and with a lower power density.
  6. Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that all of the remaining induction heating coils of the cooking zone operating in combination work at the same frequency.
  7. Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that in a second case of operation, which is defined as operation at a high power density, all induction heating coils of the combination underneath the cooking zone are controlled such that the power density which is generated at the cooking zone is uniformly distributed and/or the power density is the same at each induction heating coil, wherein preferably to this also induction heating coils are operated which have a covering by the cooking zone of less than 40 %, in particular a covering by the cooking zone of less than 30 %.
  8. Method according to claim 7, characterized in that, in the second case of operation, the high power density is between 35 % of the maximum power density and that power density as of which the first case of operation is present or which is 50 % of the maximum power density, in particular between 4 W/cm2 and 6 W/cm2.
  9. Method according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that, in the second case of operation, with induction heating coils which have between 10 % and 20 % covering by the cooking zone, the power density is significantly increased, preferably is increased by at least 30 %.
  10. Method according to any of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that, in the second case of operation, with induction heating coils which have between 20 % and 30 % covering by the cooking zone, the power density is increased by approximately 10 %.
  11. Method according to any of claims 7 to 10, characterized in that, in the second case of operation, with induction heating coils which have more than 30 % covering by the cooking zone, the power density is not increased.
  12. Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that a difference between at least two frequencies, at which induction heating coils in combination and underneath a cooking zone are operated jointly, is at least 17 kHz.
  13. Induction cooktop including a cooktop hotplate and a plurality of induction heating coils arranged underneath, characterized by power control means and a control connected therewith, wherein the control is configured to perform the method according to any of the preceding claims.
  14. Induction cooktop according to claim 13, characterized in that the power control means are arranged as half-bridge converter.
EP16193015.1A 2016-10-10 2016-10-10 Method for controlling an induction hob and induction hob Active EP3307018B1 (en)

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EP3920663A1 (en) * 2020-06-05 2021-12-08 Whirlpool Corporation System and method for identifying cookware items placed on an induction cooktop
US11596030B2 (en) 2020-06-05 2023-02-28 Whirlpool Corporation System and method for identifying cookware items placed on an induction cooktop
EP4054289A1 (en) * 2021-03-02 2022-09-07 Whirlpool Corporation Method for improving accuracy in load curves acquisition on an induction cooktop
US11910509B2 (en) 2021-03-02 2024-02-20 Whirlpool Corporation Method for improving accuracy in load curves acquisition on an induction cooktop

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