EP3305513B1 - Wood material panel pressing device and method for monitoring a wood material panel pressing device - Google Patents
Wood material panel pressing device and method for monitoring a wood material panel pressing device Download PDFInfo
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- EP3305513B1 EP3305513B1 EP16192631.6A EP16192631A EP3305513B1 EP 3305513 B1 EP3305513 B1 EP 3305513B1 EP 16192631 A EP16192631 A EP 16192631A EP 3305513 B1 EP3305513 B1 EP 3305513B1
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- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 title claims description 64
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims description 32
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 24
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims description 9
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 claims description 45
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 20
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- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B30—PRESSES
- B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
- B30B15/00—Details of, or accessories for, presses; Auxiliary measures in connection with pressing
- B30B15/14—Control arrangements for mechanically-driven presses
- B30B15/148—Electrical control arrangements
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
- B27N1/00—Pretreatment of moulding material
- B27N1/02—Mixing the material with binding agent
- B27N1/029—Feeding; Proportioning; Controlling
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
- B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
- B27N3/08—Moulding or pressing
- B27N3/24—Moulding or pressing characterised by using continuously acting presses having endless belts or chains moved within the compression zone
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B30—PRESSES
- B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
- B30B15/00—Details of, or accessories for, presses; Auxiliary measures in connection with pressing
- B30B15/14—Control arrangements for mechanically-driven presses
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B30—PRESSES
- B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
- B30B5/00—Presses characterised by the use of pressing means other than those mentioned in the preceding groups
- B30B5/04—Presses characterised by the use of pressing means other than those mentioned in the preceding groups wherein the pressing means is in the form of an endless band
- B30B5/06—Presses characterised by the use of pressing means other than those mentioned in the preceding groups wherein the pressing means is in the form of an endless band co-operating with another endless band
Definitions
- the invention relates to a wood-based panel pressing device for pressing a blank in the form of a fiber cake for producing an HDF board or an MDF board, with a control device which is arranged at an inlet region with the wood-based panel pressing device and is adapted to monitor the blank in the inlet area.
- the invention relates to a method for monitoring a wood-based panel pressing device for pressing a blank, in particular a fiber cake, into one of an HDF board or an MDF board.
- Wood board pressing devices are used to compact blanks such as fiber cake or to press into wood-based panels.
- the invention relates in particular to continuously operating wood-based panel pressing devices in which the blank, for example the fiber cake, is continuously scattered and pressed and / or pressed. It is desirable to operate such a wood-based panel pressing device at the highest possible speed.
- high feed rates with which the blank is moved through the wood-based panel pressing device are more likely to cause material defects. So the blank must be compressed during pressing. But this requires that air is pressed out of the blank. If this occurs too quickly, the escaping air can entrain fibers of the blank, in particular the fiber cake, which leads to crater-like bursts.
- Such outbreaks which are also called Ausbläser, usually lead to the produced wood-based panel can not be used in the area of the outbreak, so that committee arises.
- Another source of error is a fluctuation in the fiber cake beyond a given degree of tolerance.
- WO 2009/0717380 A1 discloses a method and apparatus for monitoring blanks by a camera and automatically detecting blanks in the blanks by monitoring the pixel distribution provided by the camera.
- the invention has for its object to reduce waste.
- the invention solves the problem by a wood-based panel pressing device with the features of claim 1.
- the invention solves the problem by a method having the features of claim 9.
- An advantage of the invention is that monitoring is virtually possible in real time.
- a time span between the occurrence of an error and the recognition of the error is very small, and may for example be less than one second. This allows a quick response so that, for example, process parameters can be changed to avoid the error in the future.
- a wood-based panel pressing device is understood, for example, to mean a device by means of which the blank can be pressed continuously into a wood-based material panel.
- the wood-based panel pressing device preferably has a revolving press plate, which is heated and pressed onto the blank.
- the wood-based panel is preferably an HDF board, an MDF board or an OSB board.
- the wood-based panel pressing device is a pre-press that is part of a plant for the production of wood-based panels has a pressing element in the form of a pressed cloth.
- the control device is understood in particular to mean a device which allows a system operator to detect the condition of the wood-based panel pressing device. It is possible, but not necessary, that the control device is connected to a machine control, so that the signal without human intervention, ie directly, leads to a change of at least one machine parameter.
- a machine parameter is understood to mean a parameter which determines the production conditions of the wood-based panel pressing device, for example pressing pressure, temperature or angle of entry.
- the inlet angle is the angle at which a pressing element is oriented at the inlet side relative to the horizontal, immediately before the pressing element contacts and compacts the fiber cake.
- the continuous recording of the images of the lead-in area is understood to mean, in particular, that images are taken at regular time intervals. It is possible and preferred that the images be taken at equidistant time intervals, but this is not necessary. In particular, an image is taken at least every three seconds, preferably at least once per second. It is particularly favorable if an image is recorded several times per second. Cameras usually have an image acquisition rate of more than 10 frames per second. It is possible, but usually not necessary, to record more than 20 frames per second.
- the evaluation region is understood to mean a region of the wood-material board pressing device, in particular the section of the pressing element which at a given point in time has a predetermined distance from the desired horizon of the blank.
- the target horizon of the blank is that imaginary line which in the field of view of the camera describes the top of the fiber cake at the point where the top comes into contact with the press plate.
- the setpoint horizon is a straight line, in particular horizontal, which does not change its position.
- the measurement data is the data that the camera captures for each pixel in each capture cycle.
- the measurement data are voltages or electrical currents that encode a color and a brightness of the light that falls on the corresponding pixel.
- a human-perceivable or imperceptible signal is emitted, for example a change in a voltage or a digitally coded signal.
- signals are emitted continuously, even if the evaluation data does not change by more than a predetermined tolerance value. All that is decisive is that if the deviation is greater than the tolerance value, a signal is emitted or an otherwise emitted signal indicating a fault-free state is omitted.
- this signal it is possible, but not necessary, for this signal to be forwarded to a machine controller which automatically changes at least one production parameter. Rather, it is also possible that the signal for a machine operator is visual and / or audible, so that he can take appropriate action.
- control device can be designed such that it continuously detects a background brightness, so that fluctuations in the brightness, which are caused, for example, by changing light conditions, do not lead to a false alarm.
- evaluation data change by more than the predetermined tolerance value
- data or quantities derived from the evaluation data for example changes over time (ie the first time derivation) or the change of changes (ie the second temporal derivative) Derivation) or other variables or gradients calculated from the measured data are recorded or calculated and compared with the predetermined tolerance value.
- a press plate or a press cloth Under the pressing element is understood in particular a press plate or a press cloth.
- a press cloth is understood to mean an air-permeable element which is part of a pre-press and serves to push air out of the fiber cake.
- the press cloth can be a textile. But it is also possible that it is the press cloth to another air-permeable element, such as a wire mesh or a perforated plate.
- the measurement data is acquired for a plurality of regions adjacent to each other and together covering a full width of the blank.
- the blank is detected by the camera over a full width and the corresponding measurement data is evaluated.
- the wood-based panel pressing apparatus has a revolving pressing member, which may also be called a press panel, when the wood-based panel pressing apparatus is a hot press, the control apparatus being adapted to automatically perform a method including the step of continuously acquiring reference-area pixel measuring data wherein the reference area pixels belong to at least one predefined reference area and wherein each evaluation area is assigned exactly one reference area that lies in front of the evaluation area with respect to a pressing element movement direction.
- the continuous acquisition of measurement data for evaluation area pixels then preferably comprises a calculation of a deviation between the measurement data of the evaluation area pixels and the time domain delay shifted measurement data of the reference area pixels, the time delay being the time that a section of the pressing element from the reference area to Evaluation range required.
- This has the advantage that any inhomogeneities of the pressing element, in particular of the press plate, do not lead to false alarms.
- the background is that the pressed sheet is often repaired in case of damage by cutting out the damaged area. In the resulting hole, a suitable piece of sheet metal is used. In particular, at the joints between the inserted sheet and the environment can cause color changes, which in turn can trigger false alarms. This is avoided by the specified method steps.
- According to the invention is also a method according to the invention, which has these steps.
- the wood-based panel pressing device is a hot press, that is a press, at the outlet side of a dimensionally stable wood-based panel expires.
- a dimensionally stable wood-based panel is understood a wood-based panel that carries its own weight when it is placed on a side edge.
- the wood-based panel pressing device is a pre-press, at the outlet side of a fiber cake runs out, which is not dimensionally stable.
- a wood-based panel pressing plant which has at least one wood-based panel pressing device.
- one of these wood material board pressing devices is a pre-press, which has the above-mentioned control device, wherein in the material flow direction behind this pre-press a second wood material board pressing device is arranged in the form of a hot press for pressing the expiring from the pre-press blank to a wood material board.
- the wood-based panel pressing device has a lighting device for illuminating the lead-in area. This has the advantage that any external fluctuations in the lighting conditions in an environment of the inlet area lead to proportionally smaller fluctuations in the measurement results.
- control device is designed for automatically carrying out a method according to the invention. This is understood in particular that the control device executes the specified steps even without intervention of an operator.
- the method comprises the steps of (i) grouping evaluation area pixels into a first area and at least one second area and (ii) for all areas detecting those pixels in which a property, in particular the color, the brightness and / or the Contrasting at least one neighbor pixel, more strongly changing than a threshold, and (iii) calculating a change parameter from the number of those pixels and comparing the change parameter with the tolerance value.
- the change of the property it is possible, but not necessary, for the change of the property to be calculated from temporally immediately successive measurement results. It is also possible to average over two, three or more consecutive measured values or to calculate an otherwise processed measured value from these measurement results.
- the measurement data of the pixels does not change over time.
- the measured data fluctuate, for example due to statistical measurement errors or randomly changing environmental conditions. If a disturbance occurs, for example an outbreak of a gas bubble described above, the property changes more in time.
- the threshold value is determined by detecting the temporal fluctuation of the property in trouble-free operation.
- the threshold is chosen, for example, such that it is exceeded at least once a random fluctuation during trouble-free operation per minute and pixel.
- the tolerance value for the change parameter is determined by the fact that the change parameter is initially determined during trouble-free operation over a predetermined time of, for example, one hour. Thereafter, the feed rate and / or the inlet angle ⁇ is increased until it comes to the above-described outbreaks or blowers, which lead to rejects. At the same time, the change parameter is determined. The tolerance value is chosen to be below the change value at which reject occurs.
- the evaluation area pixels are grouped in at least 20 areas. It is beneficial if these areas adjoin one another. This means that there are no pixels or so few pixels between two areas that blowouts can still be reliably detected. It is particularly favorable if the regions adjoin one another directly, since in this way the highest probability of recognition of errors is achieved.
- the outputting of the signal causes the entry angle to change, wherein the entry angle is the angle between the horizontal plane and a compensation straight line through the pressing element.
- the outputting of the signal causes a reduction in the feed rate.
- the control device may be connected directly to a machine control.
- the feed rate is reduced between 3% and 5% if the tolerance value is exceeded.
- the method comprises the steps of calculating an actual horizon of the blank and outputting a signal when the actual horizon deviates from the target horizon by more than a level error threshold. If the actual horizon exceeds the desired horizon by more than an alarm value, the wood-based panel pressing device is preferably automatically shut down in order to avoid damage to the press
- FIG. 1 shows a wood material board pressing device 10 according to the invention in the form of a hot press for pressing a blank 12 in the form of a fiber cake to a wood material plate 14.
- the wood material board pressing device has a scattering device 16 for spreading the fiber cake 12 on a conveyor 18th
- the wood-based panel pressing device 10 has a control device 20 which has a camera 22 and an evaluation unit 24 connected thereto.
- a positive axis angle means the camera is looking down.
- the wood-based panel pressing device 10 has a pressing member 26 in the form of a press plate, which forms a closed loop and is pressed by means of rollers 28.1, 28.2, ... with a pressing force F on the fiber cake 12. Via a schematically drawn heater 29, the pressing member 26 is also tempered by means of hot thermal oil to a predetermined temperature T 26 .
- the wood-based panel pressing device 10 also has a second pressing element 26 ', which is pressed against the fiber cake 12 from below via rollers 28', 28 ',. The second pressing element 26 'is also heated by heating elements 29'.
- the pressing element 26 extends in the region in which it first comes into contact with the fiber cake 10, at an inlet angle ⁇ to the horizontal H.
- the inlet angle ⁇ is adjustable, as indicated by the dashed line press plate.
- the camera 22 captures images of an inlet region 30, in which the fiber cake 12 comes into contact with the pressing element 26 for the first time.
- an actual horizon In the interior of the fiber cake has 12 is an actual horizon at a height h, which in the in FIG. 1 shown situation a desired height h should correspond.
- a level error ⁇ h is below a level error threshold ⁇ h s .
- the fiber cake 12 moves in a material flow direction M at a feed rate v.
- a trimming system 32 and / or further processing devices is arranged, for example a digital printing device for printing on the wood-based material board 14.
- FIG. 2a shows a perspective view of the lead-in area 30 of the wood-based panel pressing device.
- the fiber cake 12 the pressing member 26, a lighting device 34, in the present case in the form of an LED lamp, the camera 22 and a humidifier 36.
- a liquid mist in particular surfactant-containing water, are sprayed onto the fiber cake 12.
- FIG. 2b shows an image B of the lead-in area 30, which was taken with the camera 22.
- a at the height h is lying actual horizon H is the fiber cake 12 can be seen in the lower part.
- the areas G i could also be called clusters.
- Each region G i relates to an image of a region B i of the evaluation region 37.
- regions denote portions of the wood material board pressing device, for example, the pressing element 26, whereas the regions G i are groups of pixels P n, m , where n and m are the count indexes of the pixels of the camera 22.
- the measurement data of the evaluation area pixels are called evaluation data, since preferably only they participate in the evaluation.
- the evaluation unit 24 determines each time tj and for each Area i a change parameter D i , if they are each greater than a predetermined threshold.
- the time changes b ( tj ) -b ( tji ), f ( tj ) -f ( tj-1 ), K ( tj ) -K ( tj-1 ), k ( tj ) - k (t j-1 ) from the evaluation unit 24 at each time t j and for each area i determines a change parameter D i determined D i t j ⁇ n . m With P n . m ⁇ G i . .alpha...sub.b n . m tj + .beta.f n . m tj + ⁇ K n . m tj + .delta..sub.k n . m tj ,
- the parameters ⁇ , ⁇ , y, ⁇ are real numbers which are determined in preliminary experiments. If, in at least one area Gi, the change parameter D i exceeds a tolerance value D T that is D i > D T in magnitude, a signal is output.
- FIG. 2b also shows that in picture B reference ranges R i are recorded.
- the reference areas R i are as many pixels wide as the areas G i .
- the pressing member 26 moves at the feed speed v.
- the absolute brightness B is the relative brightness of b is used, which indicates the difference from the same area on the pressing member 26 when passing through the reference region R i.
- the change parameter D is calculated as described above, but before comparing with the tolerance value T t , a reference change parameter D R is subtracted, which is calculated from the corresponding pixels of the reference region R i at a time to which the corresponding area of the Pressing element 26 has passed the reference region R i .
- FIG. 3 shows a second embodiment of a wood-based panel pressing plant 42 according to the invention, in front of a hot press 38, as described above, a pre-press 40 is arranged, which compresses the fiber cake 12 before it enters the hot press 38.
- the pressing member 26 of the pre-press 40 is formed as a press cloth.
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Holzwerkstoffplatten-Pressvorrichtung zum Pressen eines Rohlings in Form eines Faserkuchens zum Herstellen einer HDF-Platte oder einer MDF-Platte, mit einer Kontrollvorrichtung, die an einem Einlaufbereich mit der Holzwerkstoffplatten-Pressvorrichtung angeordnet ist und ausgebildet ist zum Überwachen des Rohlings im Einlaufbereich. Gemäß einem zweiten Aspekt betrifft die Erfindung ein Verfahren zum Überwachen einer Holzwerkstoffplatten-Pressvorrichtung zum Pressen eines Rohlings, insbesondere eines Faserkuchens, zu einer zu einer HDF-Platte oder einer MDF-Platte.The invention relates to a wood-based panel pressing device for pressing a blank in the form of a fiber cake for producing an HDF board or an MDF board, with a control device which is arranged at an inlet region with the wood-based panel pressing device and is adapted to monitor the blank in the inlet area. According to a second aspect, the invention relates to a method for monitoring a wood-based panel pressing device for pressing a blank, in particular a fiber cake, into one of an HDF board or an MDF board.
Holzwerkstoffplatten-Pressvorrichtungen werden verwendet, um Rohlinge wie Faserkuchen zu verdichten oder zu Holzwerkstoffplatten zu verpressen. Die Erfindung betrifft insbesondere kontinuierlich arbeitende Holzwerkstoffplatten-Pressvorrichtungen, bei denen der Rohling, beispielsweise der Faserkuchen, kontinuierlich gestreut und gepresst und/oder verpresst wird. Es ist wünschenswert, eine derartige Holzwerkstoffplatten-Pressvorrichtung mit einer möglichst hohen Geschwindigkeit zu betreiben. Allerdings führen hohe Vorschubgeschwindigkeiten, mit denen der Rohling durch die Holzwerkstoffplatten-Pressvorrichtung bewegt wird, mit einer höheren Wahrscheinlichkeit zu Materialfehlern. So muss der Rohling beim Pressen verdichtet werden. Das aber setzt voraus, dass Luft aus dem Rohling herausgepresst wird. Geschieht das zu schnell, kann die austretende Luft Fasern des Rohlings, insbesondere des Faserkuchens, mit sich reißen, was zu kraterartigen Ausbrüchen führt. Derartige Ausbrüche, die auch Ausbläser genannt werden, führen in aller Regel dazu, dass die hergestellte Holzwerkstoffplatte in dem Bereich des Ausbruchs nicht verwendet werden kann, sodass Ausschuss entsteht.Wood board pressing devices are used to compact blanks such as fiber cake or to press into wood-based panels. The invention relates in particular to continuously operating wood-based panel pressing devices in which the blank, for example the fiber cake, is continuously scattered and pressed and / or pressed. It is desirable to operate such a wood-based panel pressing device at the highest possible speed. However, high feed rates with which the blank is moved through the wood-based panel pressing device are more likely to cause material defects. So the blank must be compressed during pressing. But this requires that air is pressed out of the blank. If this occurs too quickly, the escaping air can entrain fibers of the blank, in particular the fiber cake, which leads to crater-like bursts. Such outbreaks, which are also called Ausbläser, usually lead to the produced wood-based panel can not be used in the area of the outbreak, so that committee arises.
Eine weitere Fehlerquelle ist eine Schwankung des Faserkuchens über ein vorgegebenes Toleranzmaß hinaus.Another source of error is a fluctuation in the fiber cake beyond a given degree of tolerance.
Das Dokument
Aus der
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, Ausschuss zu vermindern.The invention has for its object to reduce waste.
Die Erfindung löst das Problem durch eine Holzwerkstoffplatten-Pressvorrichtung mit den Merkmalen von Anspruch 1.The invention solves the problem by a wood-based panel pressing device with the features of claim 1.
Gemäß einem zweiten Aspekt löst die Erfindung das Problem durch ein Verfahren mit den Merkmalen von Anspruch 9.According to a second aspect, the invention solves the problem by a method having the features of claim 9.
Vorteilhaft an der Erfindung ist, dass eine Überwachung quasi in Echtzeit möglich ist. In anderen Worten ist eine Zeitspanne zwischen dem Auftreten eines Fehlers und dem Erkennen des Fehlers sehr klein und kann beispielsweise weniger als eine Sekunde betragen. Das ermöglicht eine schnelle Reaktion, sodass beispielsweise Verfahrensparameter so geändert werden können, dass der Fehler in Zukunft vermieden wird.An advantage of the invention is that monitoring is virtually possible in real time. In other words, a time span between the occurrence of an error and the recognition of the error is very small, and may for example be less than one second. This allows a quick response so that, for example, process parameters can be changed to avoid the error in the future.
Es ist ein weiterer Vorteil, dass diese Überwachung mit sehr geringem Aufwand möglich ist. So sind die notwendigen Komponenten wie die Kamera und die Auswerteeinheit in Form von Auswerteelektronik Standard-Produkte, die einfach beschafft werden können.It is another advantage that this monitoring is possible with very little effort. Thus, the necessary components such as the camera and the evaluation unit in the form of evaluation electronics are standard products that can be easily procured.
Dass die Prozessüberwachung mittels Kamera überhaupt funktioniert, war als nicht realistisch eingestuft werden, da derartige Holzwerkstoffplatten-Pressvorrichtungen stark stauben können. Es war daher zu befürchten, dass Späne zu Fehlalarmen und/oder zu einer schnellen Verschmutzung der Kamera führen. Zudem existieren auf der Einlaufseite von Holzwerkstoffplatten-Pressvorrichtungen in der Regel Sprühvorrichtungen, mittels denen eine Flüssigkeit, beispielsweise tensidhaltiges Wasser, auf den Faserkuchen aufgesprüht werden kann. Eine Positionierung der Kamera, sodass sie ihren Zweck erfüllen kann, setzt daher in der Regel einen Umbau dieser Vorrichtungen voraus.The fact that the process monitoring by means of camera works at all, was to be classified as not realistic, since such wood-based panel pressing devices can strongly dust. It was therefore to be feared that chips would lead to false alarms and / or to a rapid soiling of the camera. In addition, spraying devices by means of which a liquid, for example surfactant-containing water, can be sprayed onto the fiber cake, generally exist on the inlet side of wood-based panel pressing devices. Positioning the camera so that it can serve its purpose usually requires a rebuilding of these devices.
Im Rahmen der vorliegenden Beschreibung wird unter einer Holzwerkstoffplatten-Pressvorrichtung beispielsweise eine Vorrichtung verstanden, mittels der der Rohling kontinuierlich zu einer Holzwerkstoffplatte verpressbar ist. Dazu weist die die Holzwerkstoffplatten-Pressvorrichtung vorzugsweise ein umlaufendes Pressblech auf, das beheizt und auf den Rohling gepresst wird. Bei der Holzwerkstoffplatte handelt es sich vorzugsweise um eine HDF-, eine MDF- oder eine OSB-Platte. Alternativ ist die Holzwerkstoffplatten-Pressvorrichtung eine Vorpresse, die Teil einer Anlage zur Herstellung von Holzwerkstoffplatten ist weist ein Presselement in Form eines Presstuchs auf.In the context of the present description, a wood-based panel pressing device is understood, for example, to mean a device by means of which the blank can be pressed continuously into a wood-based material panel. For this purpose, the wood-based panel pressing device preferably has a revolving press plate, which is heated and pressed onto the blank. The wood-based panel is preferably an HDF board, an MDF board or an OSB board. Alternatively, the wood-based panel pressing device is a pre-press that is part of a plant for the production of wood-based panels has a pressing element in the form of a pressed cloth.
Unter der Kontrollvorrichtung wird insbesondere eine Vorrichtung verstanden, die es einem Anlagenführer erlaubt, den Zustand der Holzwerkstoffplatten-Pressvorrichtung zu erfassen. Es ist möglich, nicht aber notwendig, dass die Kontrollvorrichtung mit einer Maschinensteuerung verbunden ist, sodass das Signal ohne menschliche Einwirkung, also direkt, zu einer Änderung zumindest eines Maschinenparameters führt. Unter einem Maschinenparameter wird ein Parameter verstanden, der die Produktionsbedingungen der Holzwerkstoffplatten-Pressvorrichtung bestimmt, beispielsweise Pressdruck, Temperatur oder Einlaufwinkel. Der Einlaufwinkel ist derjenige Winkel, unter dem ein Presselement an der Einlaufseite relativ zur Horizontalen orientiert ist, unmittelbar bevor das Presselement den Faserkuchen kontaktiert und verdichtet.The control device is understood in particular to mean a device which allows a system operator to detect the condition of the wood-based panel pressing device. It is possible, but not necessary, that the control device is connected to a machine control, so that the signal without human intervention, ie directly, leads to a change of at least one machine parameter. A machine parameter is understood to mean a parameter which determines the production conditions of the wood-based panel pressing device, for example pressing pressure, temperature or angle of entry. The inlet angle is the angle at which a pressing element is oriented at the inlet side relative to the horizontal, immediately before the pressing element contacts and compacts the fiber cake.
Unter dem kontinuierlichen Aufnehmen der Bilder des Einlaufbereichs wird insbesondere verstanden, dass in regelmäßigen Zeitabständen Bilder aufgenommen werden. Es ist möglich und bevorzugt, dass die Bilder in zeitlich äquidistanten Zeitabständen aufgenommen werden, das ist aber nicht notwendig. Insbesondere wird zumindest alle drei Sekunden ein Bild aufgenommen, vorzugsweise zumindest einmal pro Sekunde. Besonders günstig ist es, wenn mehrfach pro Sekunde ein Bild aufgenommen wird. Kameras haben in der Regel eine Bildaufnahmefrequenz von mehr als 10 Bildern pro Sekunde. Es ist möglich, in der Regel aber nicht notwendig, dass mehr als 20 Bilder pro Sekunde aufgenommen werden.The continuous recording of the images of the lead-in area is understood to mean, in particular, that images are taken at regular time intervals. It is possible and preferred that the images be taken at equidistant time intervals, but this is not necessary. In particular, an image is taken at least every three seconds, preferably at least once per second. It is particularly favorable if an image is recorded several times per second. Cameras usually have an image acquisition rate of more than 10 frames per second. It is possible, but usually not necessary, to record more than 20 frames per second.
Unter dem Auswerte-Bereich wird ein Bereich der Holzwerkstoffplatten-Pressvorrichtung verstanden, insbesondere der Abschnitt des Presselements, der zu einem gegebenen Zeitpunkt einen vorbestimmten Abstand zum Soll-Horizont des Rohlings besitzt. Der Soll-Horizont des Rohlings ist diejenige gedachte Linie, die im Blickfeld der Kamera die Oberseite des Faserkuchens an der Stelle beschreibt, wo die Oberseite in Kontakt mit dem Pressblech kommt. Unter idealen Produktionsbedingungen ist der Soll-Horizont eine, insbesondere horizontal verlaufende, Gerade, die sich in ihrer Lage nicht ändert.The evaluation region is understood to mean a region of the wood-material board pressing device, in particular the section of the pressing element which at a given point in time has a predetermined distance from the desired horizon of the blank. The target horizon of the blank is that imaginary line which in the field of view of the camera describes the top of the fiber cake at the point where the top comes into contact with the press plate. Under ideal production conditions, the setpoint horizon is a straight line, in particular horizontal, which does not change its position.
Die Messdaten sind insbesondere diejenigen Daten, die die Kamera in jedem Aufnahmezyklus für jedes Pixel erfasst. In der Regel sind die Messdaten Spannungen oder elektrische Ströme, die eine Farbe und eine Helligkeit des Lichts kodieren, das auf das entsprechende Pixel fällt.In particular, the measurement data is the data that the camera captures for each pixel in each capture cycle. In general, the measurement data are voltages or electrical currents that encode a color and a brightness of the light that falls on the corresponding pixel.
Unter dem Abgeben eines Signals wird insbesondere verstanden, dass ein vom Menschen wahrnehmbares oder nicht wahrnehmbares Zeichen abgegeben wird, beispielsweise eine Änderung einer Spannung oder ein digital kodiertes Signal. Selbstverständlich ist es möglich, dass kontinuierlich Signale abgegeben werden, auch wenn die Auswertedaten sich nicht um mehr als einen vorgegebenen Toleranzwert ändern. Maßgeblich ist lediglich, dass dann, wenn die Abweichung größer ist als der Toleranzwert, ein Signal abgegeben wird oder ein ansonsten abgegebenes Signal, das einen störungsfreien Zustand anzeigt, unterbleibt.In particular, the issuing of a signal is understood to mean that a human-perceivable or imperceptible signal is emitted, for example a change in a voltage or a digitally coded signal. Of course, it is possible that signals are emitted continuously, even if the evaluation data does not change by more than a predetermined tolerance value. All that is decisive is that if the deviation is greater than the tolerance value, a signal is emitted or an otherwise emitted signal indicating a fault-free state is omitted.
Es ist möglich, nicht aber notwendig, dass dieses Signal an eine Maschinensteuerung weitergeleitet wird, die automatisch zumindest einen Produktionsparameter ändert. Es ist vielmehr auch möglich, dass das Signal für einen Maschinenbediener optisch und/oder akustisch dargestellt wird, sodass dieser geeignete Maßnahmen ergreifen kann.It is possible, but not necessary, for this signal to be forwarded to a machine controller which automatically changes at least one production parameter. Rather, it is also possible that the signal for a machine operator is visual and / or audible, so that he can take appropriate action.
Es ist möglich, nicht aber notwendig, dass zusätzliche Pixel ausgewertet werden, die keine Auswertebereich-Pixel sind. Beispielsweise kann die Kontrollvorrichtung so ausgebildet sein, dass sie kontinuierlich eine Hintergrund-Helligkeit erfasst, sodass Schwankungen der Helligkeit, die beispielsweise durch sich ändernde Lichtverhältnisse hervorgerufen werden, nicht zu einem Fehlalarm führen.It is possible, but not necessary, to evaluate additional pixels that are not evaluation area pixels. For example, the control device can be designed such that it continuously detects a background brightness, so that fluctuations in the brightness, which are caused, for example, by changing light conditions, do not lead to a false alarm.
Unter dem Merkmal, dass sich die Auswertedaten um mehr als den vorgegebenen Toleranzwert ändern, wird insbesondere auch verstanden, dass aus den Auswertedaten abgeleitete Daten oder Größen, beispielsweise zeitliche Änderungen (also die erste zeitliche Ableitung) oder die Änderung von Änderungen (also die zweite zeitliche Ableitung) oder sonstige aus den Messdaten errechnete Größen oder Größenverläufe erfasst bzw. berechnet werden und mit dem vorgegebenen Toleranzwert verglichen werden.Under the feature that the evaluation data change by more than the predetermined tolerance value, it is also understood that data or quantities derived from the evaluation data, for example changes over time (ie the first time derivation) or the change of changes (ie the second temporal derivative) Derivation) or other variables or gradients calculated from the measured data are recorded or calculated and compared with the predetermined tolerance value.
Unter dem Presselement wird insbesondere ein Pressblech oder ein Presstuch verstanden. Ein Pressblech ist insbesondere ein umlaufendes Blech, mittels dem der Rohling zu einer Holzwerkstoffplatte verpresst wird .Unter einem Presstuch wird insbesondere ein luftdurchlässiges Element verstanden, das Teil einer Vorpresse ist und dazu dient, Luft aus den Faserkuchen herauszudrücken. Bei dem Presstuch kann es sich um ein Textil handeln. Es ist aber auch möglich, dass es sich bei dem Presstuch um ein sonstiges luftdurchlässiges Element handelt, beispielsweise ein Drahtgewebe oder ein Lochblech.Under the pressing element is understood in particular a press plate or a press cloth. In particular, a press cloth is understood to mean an air-permeable element which is part of a pre-press and serves to push air out of the fiber cake. The press cloth can be a textile. But it is also possible that it is the press cloth to another air-permeable element, such as a wire mesh or a perforated plate.
Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform werden die Messdaten für eine Vielzahl an Bereichen erfasst, die aneinander angrenzen und gemeinsam eine volle Breite des Rohlings abdecken. In anderen Worten wird der Rohling über eine volle Breite von der Kamera erfasst und die entsprechenden Messdaten ausgewertet. Vorzugsweise besitzt die Holzwerkstoffplatten-Pressvorrichtung ein umlaufendes Presselement, das auch als Pressblech bezeichnet werden kann, wenn die Holzwerkstoffplatten-Pressvorrichtung eine Heißpresse ist, wobei die Kontrollvorrichtung ausgebildet ist zum automatischen Durchführen eines Verfahrens, das den Schritt eines kontinuierlichen Erfassens von Messdaten für Referenzbereich-Pixel umfasst, wobei die Referenzbereich-Pixel zu zumindest einem vorgegebenen Referenz-Bereich gehören und wobei jedem Auswertebereich genau ein Referenz-Bereich zugeordnet ist, der bezüglich einer Presselement-Bewegungsrichtung vor dem Auswertebereich liegt, umfasst. Das kontinuierliche Erfassen von Messdaten für Auswertebereich-Pixel umfasst dann vorzugsweise ein Berechnen einer Abweichung zwischen den Messdaten der Auswertebereich-Pixel und den um eine Zeitverzögerung verschobenen Messdaten der Referenzbereich-Pixel, wobei die Zeitverzögerung diejenige Zeit ist, die ein Abschnitt des Presselements vom Referenzbereich zum Auswertebereich benötigt. Das hat den Vorteil, dass etwaige Inhomogenitäten des Presselements, insbesondere des Pressblechs, nicht zu Fehlalarmen führen. Der Hintergrund ist, dass das Pressblech bei Beschädigungen häufig dadurch repariert wird, dass die beschädigte Stelle herausgeschnitten wird. In das entstehende Loch wird ein geeignetes Stück Blech eingesetzt. Insbesondere an den Fügestellen zwischen dem eingesetzten Blech und der Umgebung kann es zu Farbveränderungen kommen, die wiederum Fehlalarme auslösen können. Durch die angegebenen Verfahrensschritte wird das vermieden. Erfindungsgemäß ist zudem ein erfindungsgemäßes Verfahren, das diese Schritte aufweist.In a preferred embodiment, the measurement data is acquired for a plurality of regions adjacent to each other and together covering a full width of the blank. In other words, the blank is detected by the camera over a full width and the corresponding measurement data is evaluated. Preferably, the wood-based panel pressing apparatus has a revolving pressing member, which may also be called a press panel, when the wood-based panel pressing apparatus is a hot press, the control apparatus being adapted to automatically perform a method including the step of continuously acquiring reference-area pixel measuring data wherein the reference area pixels belong to at least one predefined reference area and wherein each evaluation area is assigned exactly one reference area that lies in front of the evaluation area with respect to a pressing element movement direction. The continuous acquisition of measurement data for evaluation area pixels then preferably comprises a calculation of a deviation between the measurement data of the evaluation area pixels and the time domain delay shifted measurement data of the reference area pixels, the time delay being the time that a section of the pressing element from the reference area to Evaluation range required. This has the advantage that any inhomogeneities of the pressing element, in particular of the press plate, do not lead to false alarms. The background is that the pressed sheet is often repaired in case of damage by cutting out the damaged area. In the resulting hole, a suitable piece of sheet metal is used. In particular, at the joints between the inserted sheet and the environment can cause color changes, which in turn can trigger false alarms. This is avoided by the specified method steps. According to the invention is also a method according to the invention, which has these steps.
Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist die Holzwerkstoffplatten-Pressvorrichtung eine Heißpresse, das heißt eine Presse, an deren Auslaufseite eine formstabile Holzwerkstoffplatte ausläuft. Unter einer formstabilen Holzwerkstoffplatte wird eine Holzwerkstoffplatte verstanden, die ihr eigenes Gewicht trägt, wenn sie auf eine Seitenkante gestellt wird.According to a preferred embodiment, the wood-based panel pressing device is a hot press, that is a press, at the outlet side of a dimensionally stable wood-based panel expires. Under a dimensionally stable wood-based panel is understood a wood-based panel that carries its own weight when it is placed on a side edge.
Alternativ ist die Holzwerkstoffplatten-Pressvorrichtung eine Vorpresse, an deren Auslaufseite ein Faserkuchen ausläuft, der nicht formstabil ist.Alternatively, the wood-based panel pressing device is a pre-press, at the outlet side of a fiber cake runs out, which is not dimensionally stable.
Erfindungsgemäß ist zudem eine Holzwerkstoffplatten-Pressanlage, die zumindest eine Holzwerkstoffplatten-Pressvorrichtung aufweist. Vorzugsweise handelt es sich bei einer dieser Holzwerkstoffplatten-Pressvorrichtungen um eine Vorpresse, die die oben genannte Kontrollvorrichtung aufweist, wobei in Materialflussrichtung hinter dieser Vorpresse eine zweite Holzwerkstoffplatten-Pressvorrichtung in Form einer Heißpresse zum Verpressen des aus der Vorpresse auslaufenden Rohlings zu einer Holzwerkstoffplatte angeordnet ist.According to the invention is also a wood-based panel pressing plant, which has at least one wood-based panel pressing device. Preferably, one of these wood material board pressing devices is a pre-press, which has the above-mentioned control device, wherein in the material flow direction behind this pre-press a second wood material board pressing device is arranged in the form of a hot press for pressing the expiring from the pre-press blank to a wood material board.
Vorzugsweise weist die Holzwerkstoffplatten-Pressvorrichtung eine Beleuchtungsvorrichtung zum Beleuchten des Einlaufbereichs auf. Das hat den Vorteil, dass etwaige externe Schwankungen der Lichtverhältnisse in einer Umgebung des Einlaufbereichs zu prozentual kleineren Schwankungen der Messergebnisse führen.Preferably, the wood-based panel pressing device has a lighting device for illuminating the lead-in area. This has the advantage that any external fluctuations in the lighting conditions in an environment of the inlet area lead to proportionally smaller fluctuations in the measurement results.
Vorzugsweise ist die Kontrollvorrichtung ausgebildet zum automatischen Durchführen eines erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens. Hierunter wird insbesondere verstanden, dass die Kontrollvorrichtung auch ohne Eingriff eines Bedieners die angegebenen Schritte ausführt.Preferably, the control device is designed for automatically carrying out a method according to the invention. This is understood in particular that the control device executes the specified steps even without intervention of an operator.
Vorzugsweise umfasst das Verfahren die Schritte (i) Gruppieren von Auswertebereich-Pixeln zu einem ersten Gebiet und zumindest einem zweiten Gebiet und (ii) für alle Gebiete Erfassen derjenigen Pixel, bei denen sich eine Eigenschaft, insbesondere die Farbe, die Helligkeit und/oder der Kontrast zu zumindest einem Nachbar-Pixel, stärker ändert als ein Schwellenwert, und (iii) Berechnen eines Änderungsparameters aus der Zahl dieser Pixel und Vergleichen des Änderungsparameters mit dem Toleranzwert.Preferably, the method comprises the steps of (i) grouping evaluation area pixels into a first area and at least one second area and (ii) for all areas detecting those pixels in which a property, in particular the color, the brightness and / or the Contrasting at least one neighbor pixel, more strongly changing than a threshold, and (iii) calculating a change parameter from the number of those pixels and comparing the change parameter with the tolerance value.
Es ist möglich, nicht aber notwendig, dass die Änderung der Eigenschaft aus zeitlich unmittelbar aufeinander folgenden Messergebnissen berechnet wird. Es ist auch möglich, dass über zwei, drei oder mehr zeitlich nacheinander folgende Messwerte gemittelt oder aus diesen Messergebnissen ein anderweitiger verarbeiteter Messwert berechnet wird.It is possible, but not necessary, for the change of the property to be calculated from temporally immediately successive measurement results. It is also possible to average over two, three or more consecutive measured values or to calculate an otherwise processed measured value from these measurement results.
In einem idealen Prozess ändern sich die Messdaten der Pixel mit der Zeit nicht. In einem störungsfreien Betrieb schwanken die Messdaten, beispielsweise aufgrund statistischer Messfehler oder sich zufällig ändernder Umweltbedingungen. Tritt eine Störung auf, beispielsweise ein oben geschilderter Ausbruch einer Gasblase, ändert sich die Eigenschaft zeitlich stärker.In an ideal process, the measurement data of the pixels does not change over time. In a trouble-free operation, the measured data fluctuate, for example due to statistical measurement errors or randomly changing environmental conditions. If a disturbance occurs, for example an outbreak of a gas bubble described above, the property changes more in time.
Der Schwellenwert wird dadurch bestimmt, dass die zeitliche Schwankung der Eigenschaft im störungsfreien Betrieb erfasst wird. Der Schwellenwert wird beispielsweise so gewählt, dass er im störungsfreien Betrieb pro Minute und Pixel höchstens einmal durch zufällige Fluktuation überschritten wird.The threshold value is determined by detecting the temporal fluctuation of the property in trouble-free operation. The threshold is chosen, for example, such that it is exceeded at least once a random fluctuation during trouble-free operation per minute and pixel.
Der Toleranzwert für den Änderungsparameter wird dadurch bestimmt, dass der Änderungsparameter zunächst im störungsfreien Betrieb über eine vorgegebene Zeit von beispielsweise einer Stunde ermittelt wird. Danach wird die Vorschubgeschwindigkeit und/oder der Einlaufwinkel α solange vergrößert, bis es zu den oben geschilderten Ausbrüchen oder Ausbläsern kommt, die zu Ausschuss führen. Gleichzeitig wird der Änderungsparameter ermittelt. Der Toleranzwert wird so gewählt, dass er unterhalb desjenigen Änderungswerts liegt, bei dem Ausschuss auftritt.The tolerance value for the change parameter is determined by the fact that the change parameter is initially determined during trouble-free operation over a predetermined time of, for example, one hour. Thereafter, the feed rate and / or the inlet angle α is increased until it comes to the above-described outbreaks or blowers, which lead to rejects. At the same time, the change parameter is determined. The tolerance value is chosen to be below the change value at which reject occurs.
Vorzugsweise werden die Auswertebereich-Pixel in zumindest 20 Gebieten gruppiert. Günstig ist es, wenn diese Gebiete aneinander angrenzen. Das heißt, dass zwischen zwei Gebieten keine Pixel oder so wenige Pixel liegen, dass Ausbläser dennoch sicher erkannt werden können. Besonders günstig ist es, wenn die Gebiete aneinander unmittelbar angrenzen, da so die höchste Erkennwahrscheinlichkeit von Fehlern erreicht wird.Preferably, the evaluation area pixels are grouped in at least 20 areas. It is beneficial if these areas adjoin one another. This means that there are no pixels or so few pixels between two areas that blowouts can still be reliably detected. It is particularly favorable if the regions adjoin one another directly, since in this way the highest probability of recognition of errors is achieved.
Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform bewirkt das Abgeben des Signals ein Verändern des Einlaufwinkels, wobei der Einlaufwinkel der Winkel zwischen der Horizontalebene und einer Ausgleichsgeraden durch das Presselement ist. Alternativ oder zusätzlich bewirkt das Abgeben des Signals ein Verringern der Vorschubgeschwindigkeit. Um dies zu erreichen, kann die Kontrollvorrichtung direkt mit einer Maschinensteuerung verbunden sein. Beispielsweise wird die Vorschubgeschwindigkeit zwischen 3 % und 5 % reduziert, wenn der Toleranzwert überschritten wird. Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform umfasst das Verfahren die Schritte eines Berechnens eines Ist-Horizonts des Rohlings und eines Ausgebens eines Signals, wenn der Ist-Horizont vom Soll-Horizont um mehr als einen Niveaufehler-Schwellenwert abweicht. Übersteigt der Ist-Horizont den Soll-Horizont um mehr als einen Alarmwert, wird die Holzwerkstoffplatten-Pressvorrichtung vorzugsweise automatisch stillgelegt, um einen Schaden an der Presse zu vermeidenAccording to a preferred embodiment, the outputting of the signal causes the entry angle to change, wherein the entry angle is the angle between the horizontal plane and a compensation straight line through the pressing element. Alternatively or additionally, the outputting of the signal causes a reduction in the feed rate. To achieve this, the control device may be connected directly to a machine control. For example, the feed rate is reduced between 3% and 5% if the tolerance value is exceeded. According to a preferred embodiment, the method comprises the steps of calculating an actual horizon of the blank and outputting a signal when the actual horizon deviates from the target horizon by more than a level error threshold. If the actual horizon exceeds the desired horizon by more than an alarm value, the wood-based panel pressing device is preferably automatically shut down in order to avoid damage to the press
Im Folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand der beigefügten Zeichnungen näher erläutert. Dabei zeigt
- Figur 1
- eine schematische Ansicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Holzwerkstoffplatten-Pressvorrichtung,
- Figur 2a
- eine perspektivische Detailansicht des Einlaufbereichs der Holzwerkstoffplatten-Pressvorrichtung gemäß
Figur 1 und - Figur 2b
- ein Bild des Einlaufbereichs, in dem die Gebiete, die zur Auswertung verwendet werden, eingezeichnet sind.
- Figur 3
- zeigt eine alternative Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Holzwerkstoffplatten-Pressvorrichtung, die eine Vorpresse aufweist.
- FIG. 1
- a schematic view of a wood-based panel pressing device according to the invention,
- FIG. 2a
- a detailed perspective view of the inlet region of the wood-based panel pressing device according to
FIG. 1 and - FIG. 2b
- an image of the lead-in area, in which the areas that are used for the evaluation, are drawn.
- FIG. 3
- shows an alternative embodiment of a wood material board pressing device according to the invention comprising a pre-press.
Die Holzwerkstoffplatten-Pressvorrichtung 10 besitzt eine Kontrollvorrichtung 20, die eine Kamera 22 und eine mit dieser verbundene Auswerteeinheit 24 aufweist. Eine optische Achse A ist unter einem Achswinkel α zur Horizontalen H ausgerichtet, der im Allgemeinen zwischen 0° und 45° liegt und im vorliegenden Fall α = 10° beträgt. Ein positiver Achswinkel bedeutet, dass die Kamera nach unten blickt.The wood-based
Die Holzwerkstoffplatten-Pressvorrichtung 10 besitzt ein Presselement 26 in Form eines Pressblechs, das eine geschlossene Schlaufe bildet und mittels Walzen 28.1, 28.2, ... mit einer Presskraft F auf den Faserkuchen 12 gepresst wird. Über eine schematisch eingezeichnete Heizung 29 wird das Presselement 26 zudem mittels heißem Thermoöl auf eine vorgegebene Temperatur T26 temperiert. Im vorliegenden Fall besitzt die Holzwerkstoffplatten-Pressvorrichtung 10 zudem ein zweites Presselement 26', das über Walzen 28'.1, 28'.2, ... von unten gegen den Faserkuchen 12 gedrückt wird. Das zweite Presselement 26' ist ebenfalls durch Heizelemente 29' beheizt.The wood-based
Das Presselement 26 verläuft in dem Bereich, in dem es erstmalig Kontakt mit dem Faserkuchen 10 bekommt, unter einem Einlaufwinkel ε zur Horizontalen H. Der Einlaufwinkel ε ist einstellbar, wie durch das gestrichelt gezeichnete Pressblech angedeutet ist.The
Die Kamera 22 nimmt Bilder eines Einlaufbereichs 30 auf, in dem der Faserkuchen 12 erstmalig in Kontakt mit dem Presselement 26 kommt. Im Innenbereich hat der Faserkuchen 12 einen Ist-Horizont auf einer Höhe hist, der in der in
Im Betrieb bewegt sich der Faserkuchen 12 in eine Materialflussrichtung M mit einer Vorschubgeschwindigkeit v. In Materialflussrichtung 12 hinter der Holzwerkstoffplatten-Pressvorrichtung ist beispielsweise eine Besäumanlage 32 und/oder weitere Verarbeitungsvorrichtungen angeordnet, beispielsweise eine Digitaldruckvorrichtung zum Bedrucken der Holzwerkstoffplatte 14.In operation, the
Der Auswerte-Bereich 37 ist aufgeteilt in N Gebiete Gi (i=1,2,...,N), die jeweils mehrere Pixel P besitzen. Die Gebiete Gi könnten auch als Cluster bezeichnet werden.The
Jedes Gebiet Gi betrifft ein Bild eines Bereichs Bi des Auswerte-Bereichs 37. In anderen Worten bezeichnen Bereiche Abschnitte der Holzwerkstoffplatten-Pressvorrichtung, beispielsweise des Presselements 26, wohingegen die Gebiete Gi Gruppen von Pixeln Pn,m sind, wobei n und m die Zählindices der Pixel der Kamera 22 sind.Each region G i relates to an image of a region B i of the
Für jeden Pixel Pn,m wird in regelmäßigen Zeitabständen tj (j=1,2,...) ein Messwert Pn,m(tj) aufgenommen, insbesondere die Helligkeit bn,m(tj) und die Farbe fn,m(tj). Zudem werden der Helligkeitskontrast, zum Beispiel Kn,m(tj) = bn,m(tj)-bn-1,m(tj) sowie der Farbkontrast kn,m(tj) = fn,m(tj) - fn-1,m(tj) berechnet. Alternativ kann der Helligkeitskontrast anders definiert sein, zum Beispiel Kn,m(tj) = bn,m(tj) - bn+i,m(tj) oder Kn,m(tj) = bn,m(tj) - bn,m-1(tj) oder Kn,m(tj) = bn,m(tj) - bn,m+1(tj) oder ein Mittelwert aus diesen Werten. Gleiches gilt für den Farbkontrast kn,m(tj). Die Messdaten der Auswertebereich-Pixel werden Auswertedaten genannt, da vorzugsweise nur sie an der Auswertung teilnehmen.For each pixel P n, m , a measured value P n, m (t j ) is recorded at regular time intervals t j (j = 1,2,...), In particular the brightness b n, m (t j ) and the color fn , m ( tj ). In addition, the brightness contrast, for example K n, m (t j ) = b n, m (t j ) -b n-1, m (t j ) and the color contrast k n, m (t j ) = f n, m (t j ) - f n-1, m (t j ) is calculated. Alternatively, the brightness contrast may be defined differently, for example K n, m (t j ) = b n, m (t j ) -b n + i, m (t j ) or K n, m (t j ) = b n , m (t j ) -b n, m-1 (t j ) or K n, m (t j ) = b n, m (t j ) -b n, m + 1 (t j ) or an average these values. The same applies to the color contrast k n, m (t j ). The measurement data of the evaluation area pixels are called evaluation data, since preferably only they participate in the evaluation.
Für die Auswertedaten bn,m(tj), fn,m(tj), Kn,m(tj) und kn,m(tj) bestimmt die Auswerteeinheit 24 zu jedem Zeitpunkt tj und für jedes Gebiet i ein Änderungsparameter Di, ob sie jeweils größer sind als ein vorgegebener Schwellenwert. Es wird also für alle n und m, für die der Pixel Pn,m im Gebiet i liegt, geprüft, ob bn,m(tj) > bmax, fn,m(tj) > fmax, Kn,m(tj) > Kmax und kn,m(tj) > kmax. Es werden für jedes Gebiet Gi die Pixel gezählt, für die zumindest eine der Bedingungen erfüllt ist, die entsprechende Zahl ist der Änderungsparameter D. Überschreitet der Änderungsparameter Di für zumindest ein Gebiet Gi einen Toleranzwert DT, wird ein Signal ausgegeben.For the evaluation data bn, m ( tj ), fn , m ( tj ), Kn , m ( tj ) and kn , m ( tj ), the
Alternativ wird aus den zeitlichen Änderungen b(tj) - b(tj-i), f(tj) - f(tj-1), K(tj) - K(tj-1), k(tj) - k(tj-1) von der Auswerteeinheit 24 zu jedem Zeitpunkt tj und für jedes Gebiet i ein Änderungsparameter Di bestimmt zu
Die Parameter α, β, y, δ sind reelle Zahlen, die in Vorversuchen ermittelt werden. Überschreitet der Änderungsparameter Di in zumindest einem Gebiet Gi betragsmäßig einen Toleranzwert DT also Di > DT, wird ein Signal abgegeben.The parameters α, β , y, δ are real numbers which are determined in preliminary experiments. If, in at least one area Gi, the change parameter D i exceeds a tolerance value D T that is D i > D T in magnitude, a signal is output.
Alternativ wird der Änderungsparameter D wie oben beschrieben berechnet, vor dem Vergleich mit dem Toleranzwert Tt jedoch ein Referenz-Änderungsparameter DR abgezogen, der aus den entsprechenden Pixeln des Referenz-Bereichs Ri zu einem Zeitpunkt berechnet wird, zu dem das entsprechende Areal des Presselements 26 den Referenz-Bereich Ri passiert hat.Alternatively, the change parameter D is calculated as described above, but before comparing with the tolerance value T t , a reference change parameter D R is subtracted, which is calculated from the corresponding pixels of the reference region R i at a time to which the corresponding area of the
Claims (15)
- A wood material panel pressing device for pressing a blank (12) in the form of a fibrous press cake to produce an HDF panel or an MDF panel (14), with(a) an inspection device (20), which- is arranged at an intake region (30) of the wood material panel pressing device (10) and- is designed to monitor the blank (12) in the intake region (30), so that the amount of waste caused by blow-outs can be reduced,characterised by the fact that(b) the inspection device (20) has a camera (22) and an evaluation unit (24), and(c) the evaluation unit (24) is designed to automatically carry out a method featuring the steps:(i) continuous recording of images (B) of the intake region (30),(ii) continuous detection of measurement data for evaluation region pixels of images (B), which belong to a predefined evaluation region comprising at least one region bordering a target horizontal of the fibrous press cake (12) at the top, such that evaluation data is obtained, and(iii) emission of a signal if the evaluation data change by more than a predetermined tolerance value (DT).
- The wood material panel pressing device according to claim1, characterised by the fact that the control unit (24) is set up to automatically execute a method containing the steps:(i) grouping of evaluation pixels into a first region (G1) and at least one second region (G2), and(ii) for all regions (Gi)- detection of the pixels which feature one property (colour, brightness, contrast with at least one adjacent pixel) that changes more drastically than a threshold value,- calculation of a change parameter (D) from the number of these pixels and- comparison of this change parameter (D) with the tolerance value (DT).
- The wood material panel pressing device according to one of the above claims, characterised by a spreading device (16) for spreading a blank in the form of a fibrous press cake (12) onto a conveyor (18).
- The wood material panel pressing device according to one of the above claims, characterised by the fact that- measurement data is recorded for a number of regions (Bi),- wherein the regions (Bi) border one another and together cover a full width (B) of the fibrous press cake (12).
- The wood material panel pressing device according to one of the above claims, characterized by(a) a circulating press element (26) for pressing the fibrous press cake (12),(b) wherein the method comprises the following step:continuous recording of measurement data for reference region pixels which belong to at least one predetermined reference region (Ri),wherein precisely one reference region (R) is allocated to each evaluation region, said reference region being located in front of the evaluation region in terms of a direction of movement of the press element, and(c) wherein the continuous recording of measurement data for evaluation region pixels, which belong to at least one predetermined evaluation region, comprises a calculation of a deviation between- the measurement data of the evaluation region pixels and- the measurement data of the reference region pixels that have been shifted by a time delay,wherein the time delay is the time needed for a section of the press element to pass from the reference region to the evaluation region.
- The wood material panel pressing device according to one of the above claims, characterised by the fact that- the wood material panel pressing device (10) is a hot press (38) and the press element (26) is a press metal sheet or- the wood material panel pressing device (10) is a pre-press and the press element (26) is a press cloth.
- The wood material panel pressing device according to one of the above claims, characterised by
a lighting device (34) for illuminating the intake region (30). - The wood material panel pressing device according to one of the above claims, characterised by the fact that the inspection device (20) is designed to automatically carry out a method according to one of the claims 9 to 15.
- A method for monitoring a wood material panel pressing device (10), used for pressing a blank (12) in the form of a fibrous press cake to produce an HDF panel or an MDF panel (14), to check for blow-outs comprising the steps:(i) continuous recording of images (B) of the intake region (30),(ii) continuous detection of measurement data for evaluation region pixels of images, which belong to a predefined evaluation region that borders a target horizontal of the fibrous press cake (12) at the top, such that evaluation data is obtained, and(iii) emission of a warning signal if the evaluation data change by more than a predetermined tolerance value (DT).
- The method according to claim 9, characterised by the steps:(i) grouping of evaluation pixels into a first region (G1) and at least one second region (G2), and(ii) for all regions (Gi)- detection of the pixels which feature one property (colour, brightness, contrast with at least one adjacent pixel) that changes more drastically than a threshold value,- calculation of a change parameter (D) from the number of these pixels and- comparison of this change parameter (D) with the tolerance value (DT).
- The method according to 9 or 10, characterised by the fact that the evaluation region pixels are grouped into at least 20 regions (G).
- The method according to one of the claims 9 to 11, characterised by the fact that- the emission of the warning signal effects an adjustment of an intake angle (β),- wherein the intake angle (β) is the angle between the horizontal plane and the press element (26) of the wood material panel pressing device (10).
- The method according to one of the claims 9 to 12, characterised by the fact that the emission of the warning signal effects an adjustment of a feed speed (v).
- The method according to claim 13, characterised by the fact that the emission of the warning signal effects an adjustment of a feed speed (v) by 3% to 5%.
- The method according to one of the claims 9 to 13, characterised by the fact that the tolerance value for the change parameter is determined by initially evaluating the change parameter during undisturbed operation over a predetermined time period,
then increasing the feed speed (v) and/or intake angle (α) until ruptures or blow-outs occur, which cause waste,
simultaneously evaluating the change parameter, and
selecting the tolerance value by taking a value that lies below the change value at which waste is produced.
Priority Applications (21)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PL16192631T PL3305513T3 (en) | 2016-10-06 | 2016-10-06 | Wood material panel pressing device and method for monitoring a wood material panel pressing device |
EP16192631.6A EP3305513B1 (en) | 2016-10-06 | 2016-10-06 | Wood material panel pressing device and method for monitoring a wood material panel pressing device |
ES16192631T ES2756337T3 (en) | 2016-10-06 | 2016-10-06 | Press kit for wood composite boards and procedure for monitoring a press kit for wood composite boards |
PT161926316T PT3305513T (en) | 2016-10-06 | 2016-10-06 | Wood material panel pressing device and method for monitoring a wood material panel pressing device |
US16/332,541 US10525651B2 (en) | 2016-10-06 | 2017-09-26 | Wood material panel pressing device and method for monitoring a wood material panel pressing device |
PT177691094T PT3475073T (en) | 2016-10-06 | 2017-09-26 | Wood material panel pressing device and method for monitoring a wood material panel pressing device |
PCT/EP2017/074374 WO2018065262A1 (en) | 2016-10-06 | 2017-09-26 | Wood material panel pressing device and method for monitoring a wood material panel pressing device |
KR1020197009201A KR102038452B1 (en) | 2016-10-06 | 2017-09-26 | How to operate wood panel pressing device and wood panel pressing device |
PL17769109T PL3475073T3 (en) | 2016-10-06 | 2017-09-26 | Wood material panel pressing device and method for monitoring a wood material panel pressing device |
CA3037819A CA3037819C (en) | 2016-10-06 | 2017-09-26 | Wood material panel pressing device and method for operating a wood material panel pressing device |
RU2019104269A RU2713520C1 (en) | 2016-10-06 | 2017-09-26 | Panel for pressing material from wood-based material and method for controlling a device for pressing a panel of wood material |
BR112019005751A BR112019005751A2 (en) | 2016-10-06 | 2017-09-26 | wood plate pressing device and method for monitoring a wood plate pressing device |
MX2019004008A MX2019004008A (en) | 2016-10-06 | 2017-09-26 | Wood material panel pressing device and method for monitoring a wood material panel pressing device. |
EP17769109.4A EP3475073B1 (en) | 2016-10-06 | 2017-09-26 | Wood material panel pressing device and method for monitoring a wood material panel pressing device |
JP2019511719A JP6640426B2 (en) | 2016-10-06 | 2017-09-26 | WOOD MATERIAL PANEL PRESS AND APPARATUS METHOD OF WOODEN MATERIAL PANEL PRESS |
AU2017338737A AU2017338737B2 (en) | 2016-10-06 | 2017-09-26 | Wood material panel pressing device and method for monitoring a wood material panel pressing device |
ES17769109T ES2794863T3 (en) | 2016-10-06 | 2017-09-26 | Wood-based board pressing device and procedure for monitoring a wood-based material board pressing device |
CN201780054276.XA CN109843568B (en) | 2016-10-06 | 2017-09-26 | Wood material plate pressing equipment and method for monitoring wood material plate pressing equipment |
ZA2019/01977A ZA201901977B (en) | 2016-10-06 | 2019-03-29 | Wood material panel pressing device and method for monitoring a wood material panel pressing device |
AU2019206047A AU2019206047B2 (en) | 2016-10-06 | 2019-07-17 | Wood material panel pressing device and method for monitoring a wood material panel pressing device |
US16/696,082 US11400676B2 (en) | 2016-10-06 | 2019-11-26 | Wood material panel pressing device and method for monitoring a wood material panel pressing device |
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EP16192631.6A EP3305513B1 (en) | 2016-10-06 | 2016-10-06 | Wood material panel pressing device and method for monitoring a wood material panel pressing device |
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EP3305513A1 EP3305513A1 (en) | 2018-04-11 |
EP3305513B1 true EP3305513B1 (en) | 2019-09-25 |
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EP16192631.6A Active EP3305513B1 (en) | 2016-10-06 | 2016-10-06 | Wood material panel pressing device and method for monitoring a wood material panel pressing device |
EP17769109.4A Active EP3475073B1 (en) | 2016-10-06 | 2017-09-26 | Wood material panel pressing device and method for monitoring a wood material panel pressing device |
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EP17769109.4A Active EP3475073B1 (en) | 2016-10-06 | 2017-09-26 | Wood material panel pressing device and method for monitoring a wood material panel pressing device |
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US (1) | US10525651B2 (en) |
EP (2) | EP3305513B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP6640426B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR102038452B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN109843568B (en) |
AU (2) | AU2017338737B2 (en) |
BR (1) | BR112019005751A2 (en) |
CA (1) | CA3037819C (en) |
ES (2) | ES2756337T3 (en) |
MX (1) | MX2019004008A (en) |
PL (2) | PL3305513T3 (en) |
PT (2) | PT3305513T (en) |
RU (1) | RU2713520C1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2018065262A1 (en) |
ZA (1) | ZA201901977B (en) |
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WO2019219161A1 (en) * | 2018-05-14 | 2019-11-21 | Dieffenbacher GmbH Maschinen- und Anlagenbau | Method for monitoring at least one component of a roller bar carpet of a continually operating press, monitoring device and continually operating press |
US20240009886A1 (en) * | 2019-10-18 | 2024-01-11 | Välinge Innovation AB | Methods and arrangements for continuous manufacture of building panels |
CN111169085A (en) * | 2020-02-12 | 2020-05-19 | 汪骑 | Transmission fine adjustment light-duty link joint pipelined ejection of compact shaping all-in-one |
CN116154321B (en) * | 2022-06-21 | 2023-09-08 | 韩乃炎 | Technological treatment method suitable for bipolar battery substrate |
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2016
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ES2794863T3 (en) | 2020-11-19 |
EP3475073B1 (en) | 2020-04-22 |
AU2019206047B2 (en) | 2021-05-20 |
JP2019531473A (en) | 2019-10-31 |
CA3037819A1 (en) | 2018-04-12 |
JP6640426B2 (en) | 2020-02-05 |
CN109843568A (en) | 2019-06-04 |
BR112019005751A2 (en) | 2019-06-11 |
PL3475073T3 (en) | 2020-09-07 |
US20190232594A1 (en) | 2019-08-01 |
AU2017338737B2 (en) | 2019-05-09 |
US10525651B2 (en) | 2020-01-07 |
PT3305513T (en) | 2019-12-03 |
RU2713520C1 (en) | 2020-02-05 |
CA3037819C (en) | 2020-12-01 |
CN109843568B (en) | 2020-10-16 |
AU2017338737A1 (en) | 2019-04-18 |
PT3475073T (en) | 2020-06-22 |
KR20190039831A (en) | 2019-04-15 |
MX2019004008A (en) | 2019-06-10 |
KR102038452B1 (en) | 2019-10-30 |
AU2019206047A1 (en) | 2019-08-01 |
PL3305513T3 (en) | 2020-03-31 |
WO2018065262A1 (en) | 2018-04-12 |
ZA201901977B (en) | 2019-12-18 |
EP3305513A1 (en) | 2018-04-11 |
EP3475073A1 (en) | 2019-05-01 |
ES2756337T3 (en) | 2020-04-27 |
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