EP3299715B1 - Burning vessel for liquid fuel - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a firing vessel for a liquid fuel, and more particularly to a firing vessel suitable as a candle replica or for use in candle-shaped candlesticks, which can be filled or filled with a liquid fuel.

As a candle copy or for use in candle-shaped filament serving, filled with liquid wax firing vessels are known. For example, this describes DE 36 00 608 A1 a candle replica comprising a firing vessel filled with liquid wax. The firing vessel consists of a closed at the bottom of a cylindrical tube having a conical or straight at the top outwardly or inwardly extending conclusion in which centrally a wick guide, in particular a wick guide tube is arranged with retracted and extending into the liquid wax wick. Such a firing vessel can be used for example in a white, transparent plastic tube, which has a holder for use of the combustion vessel in the interior. In such known candle replicas, openings in the area of the wick guide are coated with a layer of hard wax or with a plastic film to seal against the leakage of the liquid fuel.

Other candle dummies are for example from the writings DE 9212537 U1 . DE 10 2007 058 639 B4 . DE 36 00 608 A1 . US 2012/276489 A1 . DE 297 02 262 U1 . US 6,159,002 A , and DE 20 2005 000964 U1 known.

There is a need for firing vessels that have improved properties. This object is achieved by a combustion vessel according to claim 1.

Embodiments of the invention provide a combustor having a cylindrical fuel container for receiving a liquid fuel, the cylindrical fuel container being open at one axial end and a wick cap inserted into the open end of the cylindrical fuel container, the wick cap tapering upwardly Section, wherein a circumferential wall of the cylindrical fuel container protrudes upward via a lower end, the upwardly tapering portion.

By the upstanding peripheral wall, if liquid fuel reaches the wick cap, it can be caught in a basin-like area formed by the upper surface of the tapered portion of the wick cap and the projecting circumferential wall, so that it can be prevented in that such fuel flows down the outside of the cylindrical fuel container. Thus, the firing vessel can be kept clean.

In embodiments, the wick cap is removably inserted into the open end of the cylindrical fuel container so that the wick cap can be removed and refilled to refill the fuel container. Thus, the firing vessel can be used multiple times.

In embodiments, the wicking cap below the upwardly tapered portion has a cylindrical portion which is inserted into the cylindrical container, wherein between the wall of the cylindrical container and the cylindrical portion, a fluid passage is formed, which has an interior of the cylindrical container with a portion between the projecting circumferential wall and the upwardly tapering portion of the wick cap fluidly connects. Embodiments thus allow liquid fuel which accumulates in this region to be recycled through the fluid passage into the interior of the cylindrical fuel container.

In embodiments, such a fluid passage may be easily formed by flattening in an outer surface of the cylindrical portion of the wick cap.

In embodiments, the wick cap has a vent opening fluidly communicating the interior of the cylindrical fuel container with the environment, the vent opening being located above an upper end of the peripheral wall of the cylindrical container. It has been found that by providing a corresponding vent opening for a more uniform combustion behavior can be achieved and on the other a backflow of liquid fuel through the fluid passage between the cylindrical fuel container and the cylindrical portion of the wick cap is possible.

In embodiments, dimensions of the fluid passage and / or the vent opening are so tuned to the viscosity of the liquid fuel that at room temperature, the liquid fuel does not pass through the fluid passage and / or the vent opening due to its viscosity, if the fuel container is not in its for a short time is upright operating position, for example, when lighting the combustion vessel. Thus, without further sealing leakage of liquid fuel can be prevented even if the combustion vessel is temporarily not positioned in the intended orientation. In embodiments, an additional sealing of the combustion vessel is not provided.

In embodiments, the upwardly tapered portion of the wick cap opens into a cylindrical wick guide portion of the wicket, the cylindrical wick guide portion having a wick guide channel with an upper wick opening, the vent opening being spaced from the wick opening. By such an arrangement, it is possible to prevent the vent opening from being sealed by liquid fuel exiting through the wick opening.

In embodiments, a multiwoven wick is inserted into the cylindrical wick guide section with a wick loop projecting upwardly from the wick opening and at least a lower end of the wick disposed in the liquid fuel. In embodiments, the cylindrical wick guide section may have a radially outwardly projecting ring at an upper end thereof to facilitate machine removal of the wick cap from the cylindrical fuel container.

In embodiments, the inner surface of the cylinder shell of the cylindrical fuel container has inwardly in the region of the open end inwardly extending projections, through which a clamping connection with the wick cap is effected. This allows a simple way of removably attaching the wick cap to the cylindrical fuel container. In embodiments, the projections may be formed by at least one ring or a plurality of rings arranged one below the other. In embodiments, the rings may be circumferential or may have breaks. In embodiments, the projections may be formed by nubs.

In embodiments, a stop is formed on an inner surface of the cylinder jacket of the cylindrical fuel container, to which the wick cap can be introduced into the cylindrical fuel container. Thus, the position of the wick cap can be set to the cylindrical fuel container in a simple manner.

In embodiments, the cylindrical fuel container may have an intermediate bottom, wherein a portion of the cylindrical fuel container above the false bottom is filled with the liquid fuel. Thus, it is possible to make the cylindrical fuel container in the form of an elongate narrow candle, while at the same time burning with a uniform flame is possible.

Fig. 1

eine schematische Seitenansicht eines Brenngefäßes in Form einer Kerzenattrappe gemäß einem Ausführungsbeispiel;

Fig. 2

eine schematische Querschnittansicht eines zylindrischen Brennstoffbehälters;

Fig. 3a-3c

eine schematische perspektivische Ansicht, eine schematische Querschnittansicht und eine schematische Seitenansicht einer Dochtkappe; und

Fig. 4

eine schematische Querschnittansicht der in den Fig. 3a-3c gezeigten Dochtkappe, die in einen zylindrischen Brennstoffbehälter eingesetzt ist.

Embodiments of the invention are explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Show it:

Fig. 1

a schematic side view of a firing vessel in the form of a dummy candle according to an embodiment;

Fig. 2

a schematic cross-sectional view of a cylindrical fuel tank;

Fig. 3a-3c

a schematic perspective view, a schematic cross-sectional view and a schematic side view of a wick cap; and

Fig. 4

a schematic cross-sectional view of the in the Fig. 3a-3c shown wick cap, which is inserted into a cylindrical fuel container.

Embodiments of the present invention relate in particular to firing vessels or candle dummies which are suitable for liquid fuels with increased viscosity. In general, as liquid fuels for firing vessels, in particular those in the form of dummy candles, liquid waxes and / or liquid paraffins were used which have a viscosity well below a limit of 20.5 mm ² / sec at 40 ° C. Such low-viscosity fuels are subject to a special labeling requirement due to the aspiration hazard. The use of higher viscous fuels could avoid such a labeling requirement. In principle, it would be advantageous to be able to use a fuel which is safe for the health and therefore not subject to labeling. Furthermore, it should be odorless and odorless Allow combustion with a uniform flame. It would be advantageous if the fuel would not leak from the candle case during transport or use. Complete burnout of the candle would be advantageous, and should not leave any residual amounts of fuel in or on the shell after extinction of the flame.

It has been shown that in conventional candle dummies fuel from the wick was not transported in sufficient quantity to the flame. This results in both a small and very draft-sensitive flame as well as significant fuel residue levels in the plug body after extinction of the flame. In addition, after the extinction of the flame there were also significant residues of the fuel on the outside of the candle case, as in the conventionally used candle designs during firing the fuel accumulated on the wick cap drop-shaped and eventually flowed down upon reaching a critical amount on the candle case. Further, careful analysis of the firing process, taking into account the previously used construction of the liquid wax candle, showed that the wick that swells due to the uptake of the fuel clogged a pressure equalizing hole on the wick cap. Due to the contact, the liquid fuel can escape through the pressure equalization opening due to the capillary action. Furthermore, it has been found that the fuel supply continuously decreased in the course of a burning process, whereby the flame became smaller and smaller.

In previous dummy candles aluminum was used in particular as a material for the wick cap. Since aluminum has a high thermal conductivity, a significant portion of the heat of the flame needed to vaporize the fuel is dissipated directly through the plug shell. It turned out that the fuel had accumulated in liquid form, until finally it had dripped down as drops on the candle casing and solidified into a greasy film. In addition to problems in handling the used product, such a greasy film also greatly increases the expense of cleaning the candle shells prior to their reuse.

The above findings have been incorporated in embodiments of the firing vessel disclosed herein. In embodiments, the fuel container (the candle cover) can be used multiple times without elaborate cleaning. In embodiments, after filling of the fuel tank, the wick can be introduced together with the wick holder as quickly as possible in the fuel tank, which at the same time quick closing of the cylindrical fuel container, ie the candle cover allows. In embodiments, the firing vessel (the candle) is leak proof both during transport and use and is designed to prevent leakage of fuel in liquid form. In embodiments, if liquid fuel still collects adjacent to the wick loop, it will prevent it from flowing down the outside of the fuel container (the candle wrapper) and creating a greasy film. For this purpose, embodiments have a device which returns the fuel to the interior of the candle.

Embodiments will be explained below with reference to the attached figures, which allow the advantages set out above, individually or in combination.

Fig. 1 shows a firing vessel in the form of a liquid fuel candle in an upright operating position. In this regard, it should be noted that the directions given herein, such as top and bottom, each refer to this upright operating position of a firing vessel. Under operating position is considered the position in which the combustion vessel is located while it is burning.

In the Fig. 1 The candle shown has a cylindrical fuel container 10 and a wick cap 12, which is inserted into an open upper end 14 of the cylindrical fuel container 10.

The configuration of the wick cap 12 will be described below with reference to FIGS Fig. 3a-3c explained in more detail. The wick cap is a wick holder that serves to hold a wick 16 such that at least a lower end thereof protrudes into a liquid fuel in the cylindrical fuel container 10. Further, the wick cap 12 serves to form a closure for the open top 14 of the cylindrical fuel container 10.

In embodiments, the wick 16 may be a multiwoven wick, with a wick loop 16a of this multiwoven wick projecting upwardly from the wick opening in the wick cap 12 and at least a lower end of the wick disposed in the liquid fuel. The lower end can be arranged in such a way in the cylindrical fuel tank 10 that it reaches to the bottom of the fuel tank 10. As will be explained below, the cylindrical fuel container may have an intermediate bottom to reduce the fuel volume in the cylindrical one Limit fuel container, for example, if the cylindrical fuel container has a long narrow shape.

A schematic cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the cylindrical fuel container 10 is shown in FIG Fig. 2 shown. The cylindrical fuel container has a longitudinal axis LA and the open upper end 14 represents an axial end of the cylindrical fuel container 10. The cylindrical fuel container 10 further has a second axial lower end 20. In the embodiment shown, the cylindrical fuel container 10 has an intermediate bottom 22, so that the lower end 20 is open. In alternative embodiments, the lower end 20 may be closed.

The upper interior 24 of the cylindrical fuel container may be filled with a liquid fuel, for example, liquid wax or paraffin.

In the region of the upper end 14, the inner circumferential surface of the cylindrical fuel container 10 has one or more stops 26. Furthermore, the inner circumferential surface has projections 28 in the form of a plurality of mutually arranged rings. In embodiments, the cylindrical fuel container 10 may be formed by a polymer cylinder having a constant outer diameter. In alternative embodiments, the cylindrical fuel container may be formed by another material, such as drawn aluminum. The implementation of the cylindrical fuel container by a polymer cylinder without diameter taper allows easy filling and a simple insertion of the wick into the combustion vessel.

An embodiment of the wick cap 12 will now be described with reference to Fig. 3a to 3c explained in more detail. The wick cap 12 has an upwardly tapered portion 30 which causes a taper of a lower cylindrical portion 32 to an upper cylindrical portion 34. The underside 36 of the wick cap is open and has a peripheral lower edge 36a. The upper cylindrical portion 34 is a wick guide portion which defines a wick guide channel 38 having an upper wick opening 40. At the upper end of the cylindrical portion 34 has a flange 42 radially outwardly projecting ring. The ring 42 may have a smooth bottom surface to assist in manually or mechanically gripping the wicket on the ring 42.

As in the Fig. 3a and 3c As can be seen, an outer surface of at least the cylindrical portion 32 has a flat 44. In embodiments, two flats may be provided on opposite sides of the open surface of the cylindrical portion 32. As in Fig. 3b can be seen, the wick cap 12 also has a vent opening 46.

In the embodiment shown, the wick cap 12 is rotationally symmetrical with the exception of the flats and the vent opening. When the wick cap 12 is inserted into the fuel container, a center axis MA of the wick cap and the longitudinal axis of the fuel container 10 may be coaxially arranged. The inner surface of the wick cap 12 has a concave portion at the transition from the cylindrical portion 32 to the upwardly tapering portion 30 and a convex portion at the transition from the upwardly tapering portion 30 to the cylindrical portion 34.

To form a wick loop, a multi-plaited wick can be threaded into the wick cap 12 from the inside, that is, from the underside 36. The wick is in the Fig. 3a to 3c and 4 not shown. The conical configuration of the wick cap 12 can facilitate this process. The wicking cap may be made of a material of low thermal conductivity so as to ensure a sufficiently high temperature at the wicking loop to allow vaporization of the rising liquid fuel. For example, metals with low thermal conductivity (for example <200 w / mK) or heat-resistant plastics with a high filler content may be suitable as materials. In embodiments, the wick cap can be made of zinc, aluminum or iron.

The dimensions of the cylindrical wick guide section 38 are adapted to the wick used so that it can be stably fixed in the wick cap and a wick loop 16a (FIG. Fig. 1 ) protrudes from the upper end 40 of the wick cap 12.

The corresponding wicked wick cap may be inserted into the filled cylindrical fuel container 10, providing a mechanically tight, leak-proof clamping connection between the cylindrical fuel container 10 and the wicket 12 by interference fit. This clamp connection, for example, by the in Fig. 2 shown circumferential rings 28 can be effected. In alternative Embodiments may be provided instead of circumferential rings broken rings or nubs, through which the clamping effect is achieved.

Upon insertion of the wick cap 12, the lower edge 36a of the wick cap 12 strikes the protrusions 26 so that a predetermined positional relationship between the cylindrical fuel container 10 and the wick cap 12 is achieved. Fig. 4 shows the upper end of the cylindrical fuel container 10, in which the wick cap 12 is inserted, but for reasons of clarity, the wick in Fig. 4 not shown. As in Fig. 4 is shown, the lower edge 36a sits on the projections 26. As in Fig. 4 is shown, the circumferential wall 50 of the cylindrical fuel container 10 projects upwardly beyond a lower end 30a of the upwardly tapering portion 30. Thereby, a fluid region 52 is defined between the outer surface of the tapered portion 30 and the inner surface of the circumferential wall 50, in which liquid fuel, which passes for example via the opening 40 on the outside of the wick cap, can be collected.

In order to allow fuel that collects in the fluid region 52 to return to the interior of the cylindrical fuel container, in embodiments of the invention, a fluid passage is provided between the inner surface of the cylindrical fuel container 10 and the outer surface of the cylindrical portion 32 of the wick cap 12 , In embodiments, this fluid passage is through the in the Fig. 3a and 3c flattening 44 implemented. In alternative embodiments, a bulge could be provided in the inner surface of the cylindrical fuel container 10. It goes without saying that the protrusions 26 are provided so as not to close the fluid passage. Further, there is no need for further explanation that the protrusions, through which the interference fit between the wick cap and the cylindrical fuel container is achieved, are provided so as not to close the fluid passage.

Since the lower end 36 of the wick cap is open, an interior of the cylindrical fuel container 24 and an interior 54 of the wick cap are fluidly connected after insertion of the wick cap into the cylindrical fuel container and form a common interior space. After insertion, the wick arranged in the wick guide section 38 protrudes into the interior 24 of the cylindrical fuel container 10, preferably as far as a bottom of this interior space. This makes it possible over the Wick to convey the entire located in the interior 24 fuel to the opening 44 projecting wick loop and burn there.

The clamping connection between wick cap 12 and cylindrical fuel container 10 can be solved after use of the combustion vessel (the liquid fuel candle). The cylindrical fuel container can then be refilled. Thus, embodiments of the invention allow for reuse of the cylindrical fuel container. In embodiments, the wick cap with the inserted wick can be used several times.

In embodiments, vertical fluid passages are incorporated in the wick cap, for example by one or more flats 44, as discussed above with reference to FIGS Fig. 3a and 3c have been described. Such fluid passages which fluidly connect in the interior of the cylindrical container with an area above the upwardly tapering portion 30 of the wick cap 12, on the one hand serve as pressure equalization openings, which prevent the formation of a negative pressure in the interior of the cylindrical fuel container during the firing process would make the transport of the fuel more difficult. On the other hand, the fluid passages, by design, at the same time allow the return of fuel fluid, if this should not evaporate during the firing process at the wick loop.

In embodiments, the wick cap has the upwardly tapering portion 30 and the cylindrical wick guide portion 34. By the cylindrical wick guide section 34, an extension of the wick guide can be achieved, by which in turn a sufficient distance of the wick to the fluid passages can be ensured, so that the wick, which is saturated with the liquid fuel, can not block the fluid passages. This ensures a steady pressure equalization during transport, storage and firing.

In embodiments, the fluid passages, for example flattening 44, extend vertically from the underside of the wick cap at least to the upper end of the cylindrical portion 32, ie, to the lower end of the upwardly tapering portion 30. If such a fluid passage or passages filled with liquid fuel, it may be possible that this no longer flows into the interior. In order to allow even in such a case that liquid fuel flows back into the interior of the cylindrical fuel container can one or more additional vents 46 may be provided. As shown, these vent openings may be spaced apart from the wick opening 40 to prevent the vent from being blocked by the wick. Furthermore, as in particular in Fig. 4 shown, the vent opening 46 may be disposed above an upper end of the peripheral wall 50 of the cylindrical container 10 to prevent the vent opening 46 is blocked when liquid fuel in the fluid region 52 between the peripheral wall 50 and the upwards tapered portion 30 of the wicket 12 is located.

Embodiments of the invention allow the use of a variety of different fuels and wicking materials, with individual structural features adapted to different fuels and wicking materials, respectively. For example, the dimensions of the described fluid passages and vents may be adjusted to the viscosity of the liquid fuel to prevent liquid fuel from passing through these openings at room temperature. In operation, heating of the liquid fuel in contact with the wick cap may take place so that its viscosity is reduced and it can pass through the fluid passage (s) into the interior of the cylindrical fuel container.

Thus, by an interaction between fuel, wick and candle construction of a combustion vessel in embodiments desired product requirements can be achieved. In embodiments, the fuel, wick material, wick construction, and materials of the wicket and fuel container are selected such that continuous transport through the wick to the wicking loop can be achieved by the viscosity and surface tension of the fuel, and sufficiently high temperature at the wicking loop during combustion ensures that the fuel is completely evaporated and can react evenly with the atmospheric oxygen in the flame.

In embodiments, the fluid passage has such dimensions adapted to the viscosity of the liquid fuel that at room temperature the liquid fuel does not pass through the fluid passage due to its viscosity when the firing vessel is not in the upright operating position for a short time, for example 30 seconds or less located. In embodiments, the vent opening and / or have the vent openings on the viscosity of the liquid Fuel matched dimensions, that at room temperature, the liquid fuel does not pass through the vent due to its viscosity when the firing vessel for a short time, for example, 30 seconds or less, is not in the upright operating position. Thus, it can be prevented that liquid fuel leaks through the fluid passage or the ventilation openings, for example, when the liquid fuel candle is lit. For example, if the firing vessel is not in the upright operating position for an extended period of time, it may be possible for liquid fuel to exit via the wick if no additional sealing is provided. In such a case, store the firing vessel in the upright operating position when it is filled with the liquid fuel.

In embodiments, the fuel container is filled or filled with a liquid fuel. In embodiments, the liquid fuel is paraffin. In embodiments, the liquid fuel is liquid wax. In embodiments, the liquid fuel is viscous, which may be understood to mean viscous herein, a viscosity of more than 20.5 mm ² / sec at 40 ° C.

It has been found that by embodiments of the flare candles disclosed herein having a wick cap inserted into a cylindrical fuel container, a uniformly burning liquid fuel candle may be implemented wherein the exterior of the cylindrical fuel container may remain substantially free of liquid fuel.

In embodiments, the combustion vessel is a liquid fuel candle or liquid fuel candle dummy. In embodiments, the cylindrical fuel container has an elongate cylindrical shape whose length is more than twice or five times greater than the diameter thereof. In embodiments, the wicket also has a cylindrical shape of variable diameter. In embodiments, the cylindrical fuel container and the wick cap are arranged coaxially with each other. In embodiments, a wick opening through which a wick protrudes is centrally located on the axes of the cylindrical bodies. In embodiments, a wick loop protrudes through the wick opening. In embodiments, a simple wick end (no loop) protrudes through the wick opening.

Claims (12)

1. Burning vessel, comprising:

   a cylindrical fuel container (10) for receiving a liquid fuel, the cylindrical fuel container (10) being open at an axial end (14);

   a wick cap (12) inserted into the open end (14) of the cylindrical fuel container (10), the wick cap (12) comprising an upwardly-tapering portion (30),

   wherein the wick cap (12) comprises below the upwardly-tapering portion (30) a cylindrical portion (32) inserted into the cylindrical fuel container (10),

   characterized in that a surrounding wall (50) of the cylindrical fuel container (10) projects upwards over a lower end (30a) of the upwardly-tapering portion (30),

   wherein between the wall of the cylindrical fuel container (10) and the cylindrical portion (32) a fluid passage (44) is formed which fluidically connects the interior (24) of the cylindrical fuel container (10) to a region (52) between the projecting surrounding wall and the upwardly-tapering portion (30).
2. Burning vessel according to claim 1, wherein the bottom side (36) of the wick cap (12) is open, the interior (24) of the cylindrical fuel container (10) and the interior (54) of the wick cap (12) being fluidically connected and defining a mutual interior.
3. Burning vessel according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the fluid passage (44) is formed by a flat area (44) in an outer surface of the cylindrical portion (32) of the wick cap (12).
4. Burning vessel according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the upwardly-tapering portion (30) of the wick cap (12) leads to a cylindrical wick guiding portion (34) of the wick cap (12), the cylindrical wick guiding portion (34) comprising a wick guiding channel (38) with an upper wick opening (40).
5. Burning vessel according to claim 4, wherein the wick cap (12) comprises a vent opening (46) fluidically connecting the interior (24) of the cylindrical fuel container (10) to the surroundings, the vent opening (46) being arranged above an upper end of the surrounding wall (50) of the cylindrical fuel container (10), the vent opening (46) being arranged at a distance to the wick opening (40).
6. Burning vessel according to claim 4 or 5, wherein a wick (16) is inserted into the cylindrical wick guiding portion (38), wherein a wick loop or a wick end of the wick projects upwards from the wick opening (40), and at least one lower end of the wick is arranged in the liquid fuel.
7. Burning vessel according to any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein the cylindrical wick guiding portion (34) comprises at an upper end of the same a ring (42) radially projecting outwards.
8. Burning vessel according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the inner surface of the cylinder jacket of the cylindrical fuel container (10) comprises in the region of the open upper end (14) projections (28) extending towards the inside, through which a clamping connection to the wick cap (12) is caused.
9. Burning vessel according to claim 8, wherein the projections (28) are formed by at least one ring or several rings arranged below one another.
10. Burning vessel according to claim 9, wherein the rings are surrounding or wherein one or several of the rings comprise discontinuations.
11. Burning vessel according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein at an inner surface of the cylinder jacket of the cylindrical fuel container (10) a stop (26) up to which the wick cap (12) may be inserted into the cylindrical burning vessel (10) is formed.
12. Burning vessel according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the cylindrical fuel container (10) comprises an intermediate bottom (20), a part of the cylindrical fuel container (10) being filled with liquid fuel above the intermediate bottom (20).

Images