EP3294680A1 - Fibre optique ruban en verre photosensible - Google Patents
Fibre optique ruban en verre photosensibleInfo
- Publication number
- EP3294680A1 EP3294680A1 EP16727313.5A EP16727313A EP3294680A1 EP 3294680 A1 EP3294680 A1 EP 3294680A1 EP 16727313 A EP16727313 A EP 16727313A EP 3294680 A1 EP3294680 A1 EP 3294680A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- preform
- optical fiber
- glass
- rectangular section
- photosensitive glass
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B37/00—Manufacture or treatment of flakes, fibres, or filaments from softened glass, minerals, or slags
- C03B37/01—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments
- C03B37/02—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments by drawing or extruding, e.g. direct drawing of molten glass from nozzles; Cooling fins therefor
- C03B37/025—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments by drawing or extruding, e.g. direct drawing of molten glass from nozzles; Cooling fins therefor from reheated softened tubes, rods, fibres or filaments, e.g. drawing fibres from preforms
- C03B37/027—Fibres composed of different sorts of glass, e.g. glass optical fibres
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B37/00—Manufacture or treatment of flakes, fibres, or filaments from softened glass, minerals, or slags
- C03B37/01—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments
- C03B37/02—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments by drawing or extruding, e.g. direct drawing of molten glass from nozzles; Cooling fins therefor
- C03B37/025—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments by drawing or extruding, e.g. direct drawing of molten glass from nozzles; Cooling fins therefor from reheated softened tubes, rods, fibres or filaments, e.g. drawing fibres from preforms
- C03B37/027—Fibres composed of different sorts of glass, e.g. glass optical fibres
- C03B37/02781—Hollow fibres, e.g. holey fibres
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
- G01T1/00—Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
- G01T1/16—Measuring radiation intensity
- G01T1/20—Measuring radiation intensity with scintillation detectors
- G01T1/201—Measuring radiation intensity with scintillation detectors using scintillating fibres
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/02057—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating comprising gratings
- G02B6/02076—Refractive index modulation gratings, e.g. Bragg gratings
- G02B6/02114—Refractive index modulation gratings, e.g. Bragg gratings characterised by enhanced photosensitivity characteristics of the fibre, e.g. hydrogen loading, heat treatment
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
- G02B6/4401—Optical cables
- G02B6/4403—Optical cables with ribbon structure
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
- G02B6/4479—Manufacturing methods of optical cables
- G02B6/448—Ribbon cables
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B2203/00—Fibre product details, e.g. structure, shape
- C03B2203/02—External structure or shape details
- C03B2203/04—Polygonal outer cross-section, e.g. triangular, square
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B2203/00—Fibre product details, e.g. structure, shape
- C03B2203/10—Internal structure or shape details
- C03B2203/14—Non-solid, i.e. hollow products, e.g. hollow clad or with core-clad interface
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B2203/00—Fibre product details, e.g. structure, shape
- C03B2203/10—Internal structure or shape details
- C03B2203/14—Non-solid, i.e. hollow products, e.g. hollow clad or with core-clad interface
- C03B2203/16—Hollow core
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B2203/00—Fibre product details, e.g. structure, shape
- C03B2203/42—Photonic crystal fibres, e.g. fibres using the photonic bandgap PBG effect, microstructured or holey optical fibres
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B2205/00—Fibre drawing or extruding details
- C03B2205/08—Sub-atmospheric pressure applied, e.g. vacuum
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B2205/00—Fibre drawing or extruding details
- C03B2205/10—Fibre drawing or extruding details pressurised
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/50—Glass production, e.g. reusing waste heat during processing or shaping
- Y02P40/57—Improving the yield, e-g- reduction of reject rates
Definitions
- TECHNICAL FIELD The present description relates to a photosensitive glass ribbon optical fiber and a method for manufacturing a photosensitive glass ribbon optical fiber.
- the state of the art is also known of flattened glass optical fibers for application in dosimetry. It is also known from the state of the art a method of manufacturing such flattened glass optical fibers. This known method consists in the collapse of an air hole inside the glass by applying a vacuum source during heating and drawing of a preform of tube-shaped silica glass. hollow. In general, according to this known method, a flattened glass optical fiber having an ovoid shape resulting from the flattening of the hollow tube-shaped glass preform is obtained. Thus, this method is suitable only for the manufacture of flattened glass optical fibers of ovoid shape.
- This prior art is illustrated in particular by an example reported in International Publication No. 2015/037981.
- a known flattened glass optical fiber remains difficult to use in photosensitization, including photo-registration.
- a known flattened glass optical fiber has defects such as (i) strongly curved ends related to the process of manufacture by suction and (ii) air holes inside thereof that can cause pollution and / or degradations of the surface condition of the glass, such as the formation of passivating layers within the flattened glass.
- An object of the present description is to remedy the deficiencies mentioned above and to provide a photosensitive glass ribbon optical fiber, in particular for application in photonics, in dosimetry, for the generation of Bragg gratings, and or in photo-inscription such as in direct laser inscription of patterns such as lines, curves or tubes on optical fiber, optionally nanoscale structures, optionally hybrid structures, optionally with non-linear and / or plasmonic effects.
- Another object of the present application is to provide a simple, fast and inexpensive method for obtaining a flexible photosensitive glass ribbon optical fiber of arbitrary length, width and thickness.
- the present description relates to an optical fiber rectangular photosensitive glass in which the radius of curvature of an angle of the rectangular section is between 1 and 100 microns.
- the optical fiber thus described allows use in photosensitization, including photo-registration.
- the optical fiber thus described comprises flat surfaces.
- the optical fiber does not have strongly curved ends.
- the optical fiber thus described does not have a substantial variation in composition or air holes inside thereof that can cause pollution, oxidation or crystallization of the glass.
- the radius of curvature of an angle of the rectangular section is between 1 and 50 micrometers. According to a preferred embodiment, the radius of curvature of an angle of the rectangular section is between 1 and 30 micrometers. According to a preferred embodiment, the radius of curvature of an angle of the rectangular section is between 1 and 20 microns. According to a preferred embodiment, the radius of curvature of an angle of the rectangular section is between 1 and 10 micrometers.
- the radius of curvature of an angle of the rectangular section is less than one quarter of the average width of the rectangular section and / or half the average thickness of the rectangular section. According to one embodiment, the radius of curvature of an angle of the rectangular section is less than one eighth of the average width of the rectangular section and / or one quarter of the average thickness of the section. rectangular. According to one embodiment, the radius of curvature of an angle of the rectangular section is less than one twelfth of the average width of the rectangular section and / or one sixth of the average thickness of the rectangular section. According to one embodiment, the radius of curvature of an angle of the rectangular section is less than one-sixteenth of the average width of the rectangular section and / or one-eighth of the average thickness of the rectangular section.
- the optical fiber rectangular section of photosensitive glass is free of passivating layers inside thereof.
- the photosensitive glass is photosensitive and photo-writable.
- the optical fiber thus described allows the manufacture of luminescent structures in 2 or 3 dimensions with spatial resolutions that can be below 100 nm.
- third harmonic and second harmonic generation signals are observable on the edges of the inscribed structures.
- the photosensitive glass is chosen from the group consisting of glasses of phosphates, tellurium, chalcogenides, borates, and silicas.
- the photosensitive glass is a glass of phosphates.
- the photosensitive glass is a zinc-phosphate glass.
- the photosensitive glass is a phosphate-zinc-sodium glass.
- the photosensitive glass is a glass of fluorophosphates.
- the glasses of phosphates have glass transition temperatures (Tg: 200-400 ° C, against silica Tg: 1200 ° C) and stretching (Tfibre: 500-600 ° C, against Tfile silica: 2000 ° C) much lower than those of silica.
- the photosensitive glass is a doped glass, optionally intrinsically or extrinsically. According to a preferred embodiment, the photosensitive glass is an intrinsically doped glass. According to one embodiment, the photosensitive glass is a glass doped with silver, germanium or boron. According to a preferred embodiment, the photosensitive glass is a silver-doped glass, in particular in a homogeneous and dispersible manner, the silver being an example of a dopant allowing the photo-inscription of the photosensitive glass.
- the optical fiber thus described allows the doping of a large number of silver ions without the formation of aggregates (ie, clusters), thus preserving the need for germanium doping (intrinsic photosensitivity) or hydrogen loading. (extrinsic photosensitivity).
- the rectangular section forms a sheath comprising at least one core and / or an organized assembly of holes, optionally of cylindrical shape.
- the heart is a vitreous heart.
- the core is a doped photosensitive glass.
- the rectangular section has an average width of between 100 and 400 microns and / or an average thickness of between 50 and 200 microns. According to one embodiment, the rectangular section has an average width of between 150 and 300 microns and / or an average thickness of between 75 and 150 microns.
- the present description relates to a method of manufacturing a rectangular-section photosensitive glass optical fiber, the method comprising: providing a rectangular-shaped photosensitive glass preform; and the homothetic stretching of the preform.
- the method thus described makes it possible to obtain photosensitive glass optical fibers with a rectangular section according to the first aspect simply, quickly and at a lower cost. Moreover, this method is suitable for laser marking at any stage of the optical fiber manufacturing process, be it pre-cracking (on the preform), in-line (during drawing of the fiber) or post-furring (on the fiber).
- the homothetic stretching of the preform comprises heating the preform and mechanically tensioning the heated preform.
- the heating temperature of the preform is between 200 and 2100 ° C.
- the heating temperature of the preform is between 500 and 800 ° C. According to one embodiment, the heating temperature of the preform is between 600 and 750 ° C. According to one embodiment, the heating temperature of the preform is between 650 and 730 ° C. According to one embodiment, the heating temperature of the preform is between 680 and 720 ° C. These embodiments are particularly suitable for the homothetic stretching of a glass preform of phosphates.
- the heating temperature of the preform is between 400 and 700 ° C. According to one embodiment, the heating temperature of the preform is between 500 and 650 ° C. According to one embodiment, the heating temperature of the preform is between 550 and 630 ° C. According to one embodiment, the temperature of preform heating is between 580 and 620 ° C. These embodiments are particularly suitable for the homothetic stretching of a glass tellurium preform.
- the heating temperature of the preform is between 200 and 500 ° C. According to one embodiment, the heating temperature of the preform is between 300 and 450 ° C. According to one embodiment, the heating temperature of the preform is between 350 and 430 ° C. According to one embodiment, the heating temperature of the preform is between 380 and 420 ° C. These embodiments are particularly suitable for the homothetic stretching of a chalcogenide glass preform.
- the heating temperature of the preform is between 800 and 1100 ° C. According to one embodiment, the heating temperature of the preform is between 900 and 1050 ° C. According to one embodiment, the heating temperature of the preform is between 950 and 1030 ° C. According to one embodiment, the heating temperature of the preform is between 980 and 1020 ° C. These embodiments are particularly suitable for the homothetic stretching of a borate glass preform.
- the heating temperature of the preform is between 1800 and 2100 ° C. According to one embodiment, the heating temperature of the preform is between 1900 and 2050 ° C. According to one embodiment, the heating temperature of the preform is between 1950 and 2030 ° C. According to one embodiment, the heating temperature of the preform is between 1980 and 2020 ° C. These embodiments are particularly suitable for the homothetic stretching of a glass preform of silicas.
- a descent rate of the preform is between 0.3 and 0.7 mm / min. According to a preferred embodiment, a descent rate of the preform is between 0.4 and 0.6 mm / min. According to a preferred embodiment, a descent rate of the preform is between 0.45 and 0.55 mm / min.
- the tension of the heated preform is between 2.10 -2 and 40 10 2 newtons According to a preferred embodiment, the tension of the heated preform is between 10.10 2 and 30.10 -2 Newton. According to a preferred embodiment, the tension of the heated preform is between 15.10 ⁇ 2 and 25.10 '2 newtons.
- the heating temperature of the preform is between 500 and 800 ° C, a descent rate of the preform is between 0.3 and 0.7 mm / min, and the tension of the heated preform is between 2.10 "2 and 40.10 2 newtons.
- the method further comprises polishing the preform and homothetically stretching the polished preform. According to one embodiment, the polishing is carried out until a polished preform having an average grain size of less than 5 microns is obtained.
- the method further comprises drilling at least one hole in the preform.
- the method further comprises inserting a cylinder or vitreous tube into at least one pierced hole of the preform.
- the homothetic stretching is carried out under an inert or oxidizing atmosphere, optionally at atmospheric pressure. According to one embodiment, the homothetic stretching is performed under a stream of oxygen or helium.
- the present description relates to a use of an optical fiber according to the first aspect or of an optical fiber obtained by the method according to the second aspect, for application in photo-inscription, photonics, dosimetry, generation of gratings. Bragg and in linear and / or nonlinear optics.
- the present description relates to an optical device comprising an optical fiber according to the first aspect or an optical fiber obtained by the method according to the second aspect.
- the optical device is selected from the group consisting of a dosimetric fiber, an optical telecommunication system, a mirror forming an optical cavity of a fiber laser or a narrow-band sensor, a laser diode and a fiber sensor.
- the dosimetric fiber is an opto-scintillator fiber.
- the optical device is a 2D grid of dosimetric fibers.
- the optical device is an optical device based on Bragg gratings.
- the optical telecommunication system is a wavelength selective filter, a multiplexer or a demultiplexer.
- the fiber sensor is a detector of chemicals, mechanical stress, vibration, acceleration or temperature.
- FIG. 1 schematically represents an isometric view, according to one embodiment, of optical fibers made of rectangular section of photosensitive glass, of a photosensitive glass preform with a rectangular section, and of a photosensitive glass preform with rectangular section after homothetic stretching. of it.
- Figure 2 shows an image of a sectional view of an optical fiber of rectangular section of photosensitive glass according to one embodiment.
- Figure 3 schematically shows a homothetic stretching of a preform according to one embodiment.
- FIG. 4 represents an image of a top view, under UV irradiation, of photo-inscribed areas on an optical fiber of rectangular section of rectangular photosensitive glass according to one embodiment.
- FIG. 5 represents an image of a top view, under UV irradiation, of photo-inscribed areas on a rectangular section of photosensitive glass optical fiber according to one embodiment.
- FIG. 6 represents micro-transmission measurements on the optical fiber of rectangular section of photosensitive glass of FIG. 5.
- Figure 7 schematically shows a sectional view of a rectangular section rectangular photosensitive glass optical fiber according to one embodiment, the rectangular section of which forms a sheath comprising a core.
- Figure 8 schematically shows a sectional view of a rectangular section rectangular photosensitive glass optical fiber according to one embodiment, the rectangular section of which forms a sheath comprising a plurality of holes.
- optical fiber ribbon an optical fiber rectangular section
- rectangular section means a quadrilateral section whose angles are between 85 ° and 95 °
- photosensitive means the ability of the glass to modify at least one of its properties by receiving energetic particles (photons, electrons, gamma rays, X-rays, etc.);
- width and “thickness” of the rectangular section mean the length of the two longest sides and the length of the two shortest sides of the rectangular section, respectively.
- FIG. 1 An example of optical fiber 1 made of rectangular-section photosensitive glass according to the first is shown schematically in FIG. 1.
- the optical fiber 1 is reproduced in FIG. side of a preform 2 of photosensitive glass rectangular section used by the manufacturing process of the optical fiber 1, and a capillary 3 rectangular photosensitive glass fabricable according to the same manufacturing process.
- FIG. 2 represents a scanning electron microscopy (SEM) image of a sectional view of an example of an optical fiber 1 made of rectangular section of photosensitive glass.
- This optical fiber 1 has the particularity of comprising a radius of curvature of an angle of the rectangular section of between 1 and 100 micrometers.
- This ribbon optical fiber 1 also has the particularity of being able to be obtained by the homothetic stretching of the preform 2 of photosensitive glass with rectangular section. Indeed, during the homothetic stretching of the preform 2 in rectangular photosensitive glass, the size of the preform 2 can thus be reduced homothetically to that of a capillary 3 and / or a ribbon optical fiber 1 target.
- FIG. 3 An example of a method of manufacturing an optical fiber 1 of rectangular section of photosensitive glass according to the second aspect is shown schematically in Figure 3.
- the method comprises providing a preform 2 of photosensitive glass rectangular section; and the homothetic stretching of the preform 2, in particular by heating 4 of the preform 2 and the mechanical tensioning 4 'of the preform 2 thus heated.
- the preform 2 may have a width of 10 mm, a thickness of 5 mm and a length of 80 mm.
- the preform 2 is then reduced thermally in several tens of meters of a mechanically flexible optical fiber 1 according to the first aspect.
- ribbon optical fibers 1 made of photosensitive glass of silver doped phosphates have been manufactured.
- Phosphate glass preforms 2 were chosen for their thermomechanical and chemical stability, their excellent optical properties (eg infrared transmission, fluorescence, non-linearity), and their ability to form matrices favorable to direct structuring. induced by femtosecond laser- non-linear photoluminescent patterns, in particular by the scattering and homogeneous doping of silver ions. For example, the interaction of silver ions with a high repeat rate femtosecond laser allows the formation of locally distributed silver aggregates with fluorescent properties and nonlinear optical properties of the 2nd order. Supply of the preform
- band-gap wavelength at 280 nm (related to the absorption band Ag + ions around 260 nm).
- This glass When this glass is excited at 260 nm, the Ag + ions homogeneously distributed in the matrix cause an intrinsic fluorescence emission centered around essentially 365 nm.
- This glass was synthesized according to a standard technique of fast quenching in the molten state. Specifically, precursor powders (ZnO, Ga 2 O 3 , NaPC " 3 , AgNC, Na 2 O), preferably of high purity, are weighed and mixed in a platinum crucible. The mixture is heated to a temperature of 50.degree. 1100 ° C. at a rate of 1 ° C. per minute, then the mixture is kept at a temperature of 1100 ° C.
- the photosensitive glasses are then molded in the form of preforms 2 of rectangular-section photosensitive glass by casting in copper or brass molds or plates preheated to a temperature of T g -10 ° C., especially at 375 ° C. the "assembly is then annealed at a temperature of T g -40 ° C for 12 hours. Drawing of the preform
- the homothetic stretching is carried out by the use of a drawing tower 3 meters high dedicated to the production of optical fibers comprising a preform support, an annular electric furnace, a diameter controller, a voltage regulator and a collection drum.
- the preform 2 of rectangular-shaped photosensitive glass is slowly introduced into the oven and the temperature is gradually increased, especially at a rate of 10 ° C. per minute until it reaches approximately 700 ° C., optionally under a stream of oxygen or water. gaseous helium (0.5 liters per minute in this example) to minimize reduction, diffusion and aggregation of Ag + ions.
- the movement of the preform support and the rotational speed of the collector drum are controlled, preferably in real time, to produce a target size of the ribbon optical fiber 1.
- the rate of descent of the preform is 0.5 mm / min and the tension is 10 g.
- the ribbon optical fibers 1 having average widths of rectangular section ranging from 75 micrometers to 250 micrometers.
- the ratio between the length and the width of the optical fiber ribbon 1 can be selected from the manufacture of the preform.
- the average length and the average width of the ribbon optical fiber 1 can be selected during the homothetic stretching step of the preform 2, for example depending on the voltage applied to the preform during stretching.
- the average sizes can be calculated after filleting or in real time, thanks to the diameter controller.
- the luminescence properties of the preforms 2 are preserved during the process of shaping the ribbon optical fibers 1.
- the planar geometry obtained from the optical fiber ribbon 1 in photosensitive glass is adapted for the laser inscription of Complex and varied luminescent nanometric patterns (eg tubes, lines, spirals, etc.) on or inside the fiber (eg 50 micrometers below the surface), notably through the formation of aggregates silver within the glass matrix.
- optical fiber ribbon 1 in photosensitive glass.
- optical transparency of the near-infrared light-sensitive glass ribbon optical fibers 1 was confirmed by a study of fiber losses at 1064 nm and 1550 nm.
- the high intensity and short pulses of femtosecond lasers allow the athermal deposition of energy within materials with wavelength-wise spatial resolution by non-linear interaction.
- Photosensitive glasses, in particular phosphates prove to be excellent materials for the inscription of local luminescence properties or nonlinear optics.
- the laser inscription on the ribbon optical fibers 1 of the present description leads to many applications, such as the direct inscription on fiber waveguide or nano structures with nonlinear effects and / or plasmonic.
- the laser-labeling process can be described as a multi-photon absorption leading to the formation of AgO electron traps and then to the stabilization of Ag m x + aggregates (m: number of atoms, m ⁇ 20; x: degree of ionization).
- the nano structures are obtained by the use of a femtosecond laser emitting in the infrared for irradiances below the refractive index modification threshold.
- the high rate of laser repetition by cumulative effect, causes a local temperature rise and the diffusion of ions and atoms thus leading to the formation of luminescent aggregates at the periphery of the laser interaction zone material (in the examples excitation at 405 nm, emission at 490 nm).
- the structures exhibit a variation of refractive index in the order of 1-5.10 "3 relative to the surrounding glass. The visualization of the structures is facilitated by luminescence microscopy or by nonlinear optical imaging.
- Regenerative Ti Sa (Coherent RegA 9000, up to 1 W, 250 kHz, 60 fs at 800 nm).
- the positioning and displacement of the sample are carried out with a high precision 3D translation stage (XMS stage-50 stages, Micro-Control).
- the irradiations are carried out by focussing the laser pulses with a microscope objective (Mitutoyo, APO PLAN VIS, 50 ⁇ NA0.55).
- the pulse duration (FHWM) at the focal point of the sample is 145 fs (Gaussian beam) and 200 fs (structured beam).
- FIG. 5 represents an image of a top view, under UV irradiation, of photo-inscribed areas on a photosensitive glass ribbon optical fiber 1 according to one embodiment.
- Micro-transmission measurements on the ribbon optical fiber 1 of FIG. 5 are illustrated in FIG. 6. The measurements were performed on the six curvilinear patterns 6 structured according to the irradiation dose. The micro-transmission spectra of the examples of FIG.
- the laser-inscription allows the integration of a plurality of elements on a single optical fiber ribbon 1, in particular by virtue of the thermal and optical stability of the photo-induced aggregates in the optical fiber ribbon 1.
- the possible applications include in particular improved cavity spectroscopy and onboard tunable photonics.
- the ribbon optical fibers 1 of the present description can also be used in dosimetry.
- doping ions such as silver ions can act as a trap for the detection of energy particles (electrons, gamma rays, protons, etc.) incidents.
- Optically stimulated radio-luminescence has been demonstrated in silver fluoro-phosphates fibers, the optical signal emitted being directly proportional to the dose received.
- the ribbon optical fibers 1 of the present description give access to architectures taking full advantage of the fiber geometry, the fiber serving as a platform for both the detection of a possible energy particle and the remote guidance of optical pulses.
- the ribbon optical fibers 1 of the present description also allow the manufacture of opto-scintillating dosimetric fibers, offering multiple benefits in terms of weight, flexibility, portability and response time (real time reading), valuable qualities for applications in areas that are heavily contaminated or difficult to access.
- fiber technology is relatively simple and inexpensive. It is thus possible to quickly replace, at lower cost, detectors damaged by overexposure or mechanical shocks.
- 2D grids of dosimetric fibers interconnected from ribbon optical fibers 1 of the present description provides an original solution for the manufacture of large, lightweight and flexible detectors.
- Ribbon optical fibers 1 of the present description may also include an assembly of a plurality of different glasses. Indeed, the combination of a range of lenses with different properties gives access to new applications (eg exaltation of surface effects, laser gain or the nonlinear optical response of the system, etc.).
- core-sheath fiber architectures comprising one or more glass cores and / or an organized assembly of cylindrical holes surrounded by a rectangular section sheath can be made.
- Figures 7 and 8 schematically illustrate ribbon optical fibers 1 comprising at least one core 7 and an organized assembly of holes 8, respectively.
- the ribbon optical fibers 1 of the present description can also be used for the generation of Bragg gratings.
- a Bragg grating consists of a periodic modulation of the refractive index of the material constituting the fiber, this modulation inducing under certain wavelength conditions, the total reflection of the light waves passing through the medium.
- Bragg gratings are formed by exposure to a periodic pattern of UV light created with a phase mask or laser inscription.
- the increase in the sensitivity of a system to UV light can be effected by diffusion of hydrogen (H 2 ) or deuterium (D) in the optical fiber (extrinsic photosensitive fibers).
- the optical fiber may be doped during the manufacture of the preform 2.
- the ribbon optical fiber 1 and doped can be used to create optical devices based on Bragg gratings.
- intrinsic fibers are preferred because they allow to etch networks only in the core of the fiber, as well as with shorter UV exposure times while reducing potential problems related to hydrogen loading.
- Main applications of Bragg gratings are in optical telecommunication systems (wavelength selective filters, multiplexers, demultiplexers) and mirrors forming the optical cavities of fiber lasers or narrow-band sensors.
- Bragg gratings are also used for laser diode frequency stabilization and the manufacture of fiber sensors (chemical detection, mechanical stress, vibration, acceleration or temperature measurement).
- the ribbon optical fiber 1 and the method of manufacturing a ribbon optical fiber 1 described in the present application include various alternatives, modifications, and enhancements that will be obvious to one skilled in the art, it being understood that the various variants, modifications and improvements are within the scope of the present description, as defined by the following claims.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1554379A FR3036110A1 (fr) | 2015-05-15 | 2015-05-15 | Fibre optique ruban en verre photosensible |
PCT/EP2016/060642 WO2016184770A1 (fr) | 2015-05-15 | 2016-05-12 | Fibre optique ruban en verre photosensible |
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EP3294680A1 true EP3294680A1 (fr) | 2018-03-21 |
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EP16727313.5A Withdrawn EP3294680A1 (fr) | 2015-05-15 | 2016-05-12 | Fibre optique ruban en verre photosensible |
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US (1) | US10221088B2 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP3294680A1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP2018521340A (fr) |
FR (1) | FR3036110A1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2016184770A1 (fr) |
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JP7070824B2 (ja) * | 2017-08-02 | 2022-05-18 | 日本電気硝子株式会社 | カルコゲナイドガラス材 |
US10295723B1 (en) * | 2018-05-01 | 2019-05-21 | Facebook Technologies, Llc | 2D pupil expander using holographic Bragg grating |
JPWO2019239969A1 (ja) * | 2018-06-12 | 2021-06-24 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | 光デバイスの製造方法 |
Family Cites Families (10)
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JPS593026A (ja) * | 1982-06-23 | 1984-01-09 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | 非円形断面光フアイバの製造方法 |
JPS6212636A (ja) * | 1985-07-05 | 1987-01-21 | Toshiba Glass Co Ltd | 線量計用ガラス |
JP4759816B2 (ja) * | 2001-02-21 | 2011-08-31 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | 光ファイバの製造方法 |
JP2004205566A (ja) * | 2002-12-24 | 2004-07-22 | Mitsubishi Cable Ind Ltd | 感光性光ファイバ |
DE102004060409B4 (de) * | 2004-12-14 | 2008-03-27 | Schott Ag | Glasrohr für technische Anwendungen, dessen Verwendung sowie Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung |
US9019482B2 (en) * | 2009-06-05 | 2015-04-28 | The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University | Optical device with fiber Bragg grating and narrowband optical source |
KR101225484B1 (ko) * | 2010-07-12 | 2013-01-23 | 연세대학교 산학협력단 | 다각형 코어 광섬유 제조용 모재 및 이의 제조 방법 |
JP2013205557A (ja) * | 2012-03-28 | 2013-10-07 | Mitsubishi Cable Ind Ltd | 光ファイバ、及び光ファイバを製造する方法 |
MY174287A (en) * | 2013-09-12 | 2020-04-02 | Univ Malaya | Optical fiber for highly sensitive dosimeter |
US9841556B2 (en) * | 2015-05-29 | 2017-12-12 | Corning Incorporated | Non-circular multicore fiber and method of manufacture |
-
2015
- 2015-05-15 FR FR1554379A patent/FR3036110A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
-
2016
- 2016-05-12 US US15/574,354 patent/US10221088B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2016-05-12 WO PCT/EP2016/060642 patent/WO2016184770A1/fr unknown
- 2016-05-12 JP JP2017559569A patent/JP2018521340A/ja active Pending
- 2016-05-12 EP EP16727313.5A patent/EP3294680A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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FR3036110A1 (fr) | 2016-11-18 |
US20180370842A1 (en) | 2018-12-27 |
WO2016184770A1 (fr) | 2016-11-24 |
US10221088B2 (en) | 2019-03-05 |
JP2018521340A (ja) | 2018-08-02 |
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