Classifications

• • G—PHYSICS
  • G08—SIGNALLING
  • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
  • G08B25/00—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems
  • G08B25/01—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems characterised by the transmission medium
  • G08B25/016—Personal emergency signalling and security systems
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
  • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
  • G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
  • G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
  • G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
  • G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
  • G06K19/0701—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips at least one of the integrated circuit chips comprising an arrangement for power management
  • G06K19/0702—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips at least one of the integrated circuit chips comprising an arrangement for power management the arrangement including a battery
  • G06K19/0704—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips at least one of the integrated circuit chips comprising an arrangement for power management the arrangement including a battery the battery being rechargeable, e.g. solar batteries
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
  • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
  • G06K7/00—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns
  • G06K7/10—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation
  • G06K7/10009—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves
  • G06K7/10366—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves the interrogation device being adapted for miscellaneous applications
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
  • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
  • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
  • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
  • H01Q1/2208—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles associated with components used in interrogation type services, i.e. in systems for information exchange between an interrogator/reader and a tag/transponder, e.g. in Radio Frequency Identification [RFID] systems
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
  • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
  • H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
  • H01Q1/273—Adaptation for carrying or wearing by persons or animals
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
  • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
  • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
  • H01Q9/16—Resonant antennas with feed intermediate between the extremities of the antenna, e.g. centre-fed dipole
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G08—SIGNALLING
  • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
  • G08B25/00—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems
  • G08B25/009—Signalling of the alarm condition to a substation whose identity is signalled to a central station, e.g. relaying alarm signals in order to extend communication range

Definitions

• the invention is in the field of alarm systems, and in particular miniaturized wireless alarm systems.
• the existing devices are either visible or easily detectable, non-autonomous or impractical to trigger.
• An object of the present invention is to provide a reliable miniaturized wireless alarm system.
• the proposed device is limited in terms of electronic components thus offering a reduced manufacturing cost.
• the proposed system is autonomous in terms of energy which limits the need to recharge it. It is also discreet and not easily detectable for an outside observer.
• the alarm device of the invention comprises an RFID circuit for storing identification information coupled to at least one antenna adapted to receive and transmit to / from an RFID reader signals at the frequency RFID reader and a switch coupled to said at least one antenna and activatable by a user, for adapting the antenna to the frequency of the RFID reader.
• the alarm device is characterized in that the circuit, the antenna and the switch are arranged to be incorporated in an object worn by a user.
• the RFID circuit is of passive or semi-active RFID type.
• the antenna is a dipole type antenna.
• this antenna is made in printed technology on a dielectric substrate.
• the identification information is an identifier of said object.
• the frequency of the RFID reader is a frequency of the UHF band.
• the antenna is a dipole antenna connected with the RFID circuit.
• a second loop antenna carrying the RFID circuit is inductively coupled with the first antenna.
• the object is a ring or a ring worn on the finger by the user.
• two radiating strands of the dipole antenna are surrounded around the ring, and the switch is placed on the inside of the user's hand.
• the switch is placed on the stub of the dipole antenna. In a variant, the switch is placed on the upper surface of the ring. In another variant, the switch is placed on the inner face of the ring.
• Figure 1 is an example of the device of the invention
• FIG. 2 illustrates a first variant of implementation of the device of FIG. 1;
• Figures 3a and 3b illustrate a second alternative embodiment of the device of Figure 1;
• Figure 4 illustrates an embodiment of the invention with two loop antennas.
• the invention addresses the safety of people who practice in trades exposed to risks of aggression whether indoor or outdoor.
• the following list without being exhaustive, covers occupations that may find it advantageous to use the device of the present invention:
• the invention can also be extended to the security of material goods and individuals in sectors where for example there is a requirement for secure access to buildings by authorized persons, police officers or deliverymen for example.
• the invention also relates more generally to the safety of people, for any situation where a person must trigger an alarm, such as a person jogging or skiing and facing a problem.
• the device of the invention may be used to count the number of times the RFID antenna is set to the operating frequency of the reader.
• a particular example could be that of cigarette consumers having to transmit information on their consumption, and who would thus have at hand the RFID device with the antenna identified by a user / smoker number, manually activatable on demand.
• the applications derived from the device described are varied and linked by the same principle of rendering the RFID antenna on demand at the frequency of the reader.
• the invention proposes an alarm device that is worn by a user and whose activation is triggered by the user at his request in a discrete manner.
• the device of the invention 100 as shown in FIG. is composed of an RFID tag 102 coupled to an antenna 104 connected to an alert push button 106, all integrated into a dielectric ring 108, or any medium having a ring-type form factor for example to preserve a character discreet for the triggering device.
• the device is based on the principle of interrogation systems and radio frequency response of short range type RFID.
• RFID devices are known to allow the identification of objects.
• the operating principle of an RFID system generally consists in that a tag coupled and adapted to an antenna, is affixed to an object, an animal or a man, to give him a unique identifier.
• An RFID system traditionally consists of three main components: a tag or tag, a reader, and a host computer.
• the tag also called a transponder, consists of three major elements: a support (a card and / or other protective packaging), an antenna, and a chip with a memory containing mainly an identifier, permanently connected to the antenna.
• the RFID chip can be autonomous from an energy point of view, and the tag is said to be passive if the electromagnetic wave generated by the reader, is sufficient to provide its power supply.
• the tag may be of the semi-passive or tag assisted type having just an added local energy source, such as a battery or capacitor, charged or rechargeable for example by photovoltaic cell or by mechanical movement energy in order to reboost the cell. wave back and have a higher range.
• the reader is an active device able to identify one or more tags located in its coverage area, by sending an electromagnetic wave via its own antenna.
• This wave has a frequency which is generally defined by an RFID standard (by example 868 MHz in Europe) and it contains an interrogation message to the labels.
• the signal emitted by the reader awakens the passive tags in which the data is stored.
• the reader antenna must operate at the same frequency as the antenna of the tag.
• the reader can be integrated into a watch or another object worn or not worn by a user, in order to be used as a relay to mobile telephone networks such as the known GSM900, 1800 networks. , UMTS, LTE for example.
• the host computer usually contains driver software suitable for the reader.
• the latter controls all the functions for sending the messages for interrogating, receiving and operating messages received, according to a protocol defined by the standard used. It can also host data monitoring / exploitation software.
• the functions of the host computer may be a chip integrated into a small object such as a pendant watch, smartphone for example.
• the tag or chip is of the passive or semi-active type. It contains a dedicated identification number which allows the recognition of its activation by a certain host computer that receives a message from the interrogator reader.
• the antenna or radiating element of the interrogated system is of extremely small size and manually activatable via the push button or switch.
• the operating mode of the device of the invention as illustrated in FIG. 1 is as follows:
• the antenna 104 in the absence of pressing the push button 106, the antenna 104 does not operate on the frequency of an RFID interrogator reader (not shown).
• the electronic circuit 102 of the label is short-circuited.
• the system is mismatched and does not respond to a permanent interrogator signal from the RFID reader.
• the antenna 104 and the electronic circuit 102 become adapted to the frequency of the interrogating signal.
• the operating frequency is that of the UHF band ranging from 860 to 960 MHz.
• the signal received by the antenna 104 is then transmitted to the electronic circuit 102 which extracts sufficient energy for its operation, its clock and the content of the interrogation message.
• the electronic circuit 102 constructs its response message including the identifier that it stores and transmits it to the antenna 104.
• the antenna sends an electromagnetic wave at the right frequency to the interrogating reader. .
• the interrogating system then receives the specific identifier of the ring that will be processed by the host computer and recognized as being an alert message. A remote intervention can then be triggered.
• the antenna 104 for example, on the operating frequency of the passive RFID device, on the configuration of the push button 106 which can be adapted for example via a simple touch of the finger on the antenna.
• the device of the invention may be adapted to one or more of its characteristics depending on the field of use.
• a major technical feature of the device of the invention is the miniaturized antenna 104 which must be the most efficient possible for its use in an object having a particular form factor offering a reduced volume or implementation area.
• the integration of the antenna in the communicating object is the central element of the radio frequency link, and ensures the reliability of the expected communication.
• antennas for high frequency tags are antennas of simple linear son type.
• the miniaturization of these antennas is accompanied by a deterioration in their performance such as bandwidth and radiation gain.
• the environment close to the antenna, consisting mainly of the body of the user can not be neglected.
• This sensitivity poses a major problem on the gain of the antenna and may cause changes in the input impedance.
• the inventors had to find the best compromise between the electrical characteristics of the antenna, its radiation efficiency and the volume occupied by it.
• the volume reserved for the antenna can be restricted to a surface of 15x18 mm 2 .
• FIG. 2 illustrates a first variant of implementation of the device of FIG. 1 in which the antenna 104 is a dipole antenna 204 in inductive coupling with an RFID circuit 206 integrating a coupling loop supporting the RFID chip.
• this antenna is made in printed technology on a dielectric substrate.
• the dipole or dipole antenna is an antenna consisting of two metal strands, powered in the middle and intended to transmit or receive electromagnetic energy.
• the dipole antenna is modified so that its two radiating strands are surrounded around the ring ring.
• This option makes it possible to discretely add a switch 208 on the inside of the user's hand.
• the switch is closed, the dipole antenna is "off” and does not transmit, and when the switch is open, the dipole antenna is "on” and can transmit the identifier of the ring to the reader.
• the switch is chosen in a precise manner to prevent the mismatch of the antenna in the case where it is "ON". Indeed, given the short travel of the contactor, a switch up / down contact would risk not behave like a real open circuit but leave in place the equivalent of a capacity which would tend to reduce the difference between enabled state and non activated state.
• a simple switch is not sufficient to prevent or allow the operation of the RFID tag by severing a metal strand to prevent the passage of current. Capacitive effects are such that the antenna plus circuit system continues to operate. Also, a switch in which the metallic contact portion slides instead of down may be preferable.
• a real implementation of this variant is to optimize the structure of the dipole antenna on a low permittivity Duroid substrate so as to obtain a good adaptation to the desired working frequencies (868 MHz).
• the two strands of the dipole are printed on a thin layer of Duroid, a thickness of 0, 127 mm for example.
• the structure of the ring ring is made of plexiglass material.
• the RFID circuit is a MuTRACK® type circuit. The switch is chosen to have an open contact of the order of 3 mm.
• FIGS. 3a and 3b illustrate a second variant of implementation of the device of FIG. 1 in which the switch is placed directly on the stub of the dipole antenna, that is to say on the section of line which makes it possible to check the adaptation of the dipole.
• the switch acts as a load placed at the stub end. Depending on whether it is open or closed, the stub brings back a load on the antenna that can adapt it, and completely unmatch it to prevent it from radiating or receiving.
• the switch is placed on the upper surface of the ring.
• the switch is placed on the inner face of the ring.
• the embodiment of Figure 3a is to place the switch 308 on the stub 310 without the need to change the initial structure of the dipole antenna 304, that is to say directly on the upper face of the ring.
• the advantage of this method lies in its simplicity from the point of view realization, but on the other hand the location of the switch on the upper face of the ring can cause problems to operate in a discrete way the triggering of the alarm.
• the structure of the dipole antenna 304 is modified and the section of the stub 310 is wound on the ring of the ring to allow the location of the switch 308 on the inside. from the user's hand.
• the antenna system is adapted when the switch is closed and the identifier of the ring can be sent to the reader.
• the antenna, incorporating the loop stub makes it possible to adapt the entire antenna structure with respect to a power supply impedance close to the input impedance of the RFID chip, thus enabling obtain a bandwidth of 7 MHz around 868 MHz, for a reflection coefficient lower than -10 dB.
• a second reduced-size loop antenna can be inductively coupled to the large antenna.
• the location of the switch on the large antenna loop inside the hand of the user, allows to turn on / off the radiation of the entire structure regardless of the geometry of the switch.
• FIG. 4 shows a view from above of the two loop antennas printed on the same thin substrate that can be folded over the structure of the ring carrying the device. The following table gives preferential dimensions for a concrete embodiment of the device:

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Toxicology (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
• Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
• Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
• Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
• Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
• Emergency Management (AREA)
• Computer Vision & Pattern Recognition (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Sustainable Development (AREA)
• Sustainable Energy (AREA)
• Artificial Intelligence (AREA)
• General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Electromagnetism (AREA)
• Burglar Alarm Systems (AREA)
• Alarm Systems (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

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• 2015
  • 2015-05-06 FR FR1554078A patent/FR3035993B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2016
  • 2016-05-04 US US15/572,114 patent/US10210744B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2016-05-04 WO PCT/EP2016/060098 patent/WO2016177837A1/fr active Application Filing
  • 2016-05-04 EP EP16723303.0A patent/EP3292546A1/de not_active Withdrawn

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