EP3292287A1 - Water injection device of an internal combustion engine and method for operating such a water injection device - Google Patents

Water injection device of an internal combustion engine and method for operating such a water injection device

Info

Publication number
EP3292287A1
EP3292287A1 EP16716874.9A EP16716874A EP3292287A1 EP 3292287 A1 EP3292287 A1 EP 3292287A1 EP 16716874 A EP16716874 A EP 16716874A EP 3292287 A1 EP3292287 A1 EP 3292287A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
water
heating element
water tank
water injection
internal combustion
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP16716874.9A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3292287B1 (en
Inventor
Ingmar Burak
Peter Schenk
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP3292287A1 publication Critical patent/EP3292287A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3292287B1 publication Critical patent/EP3292287B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/0025—Controlling engines characterised by use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B47/00—Methods of operating engines involving adding non-fuel substances or anti-knock agents to combustion air, fuel, or fuel-air mixtures of engines
    • F02B47/02—Methods of operating engines involving adding non-fuel substances or anti-knock agents to combustion air, fuel, or fuel-air mixtures of engines the substances being water or steam
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M25/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
    • F02M25/022—Adding fuel and water emulsion, water or steam
    • F02M25/025—Adding water
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/021—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/04—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions
    • F02D41/06—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions for engine starting or warming up
    • F02D41/062—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions for engine starting or warming up for starting
    • F02D41/064—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions for engine starting or warming up for starting at cold start

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a water injection device of a
  • Another aspect of the invention relates to a method of operating such a water injection device.
  • the water injection system used to operate water becomes
  • Heating element used A disadvantage of this heating element is that the heat is reduced to a small location around the heating element. This can be a non-optimal thawing of the icy components of the
  • Water injection system result. Especially if water due a requested water injection is sucked from a partially thawed water tank, it may lead to a loss of contact of the
  • Operation of the internal combustion engine can cause.
  • the water injection device of an internal combustion engine according to the invention with the features of claim 1 has the advantage that thawing of icy components of the water injection device can be done safely and quickly. Furthermore, the so-called ice cave effect is avoided, which otherwise leads to a significant reduction of
  • Internal combustion engine reaches, which comprises a water tank for storing water, at least one water injector, a conveying element for conveying the water, which is connected via a suction and a return line to the water tank, and a first heating element, which is at least partially disposed on the suction line ,
  • the first heating element is arranged to thaw water in the water tank and / or in the suction line, which is frozen, in order to thaw the thawed water in the suction line over the
  • the water injection device further comprises a second heating element, which is at least partially disposed on the return line.
  • Heating element is adapted to additionally heat the thawed by the first heating element water.
  • the second heating element is adapted to additionally heat the thawed by the first heating element water.
  • Heating element are turned on, even if water, which is located in the return line, is frozen. Thus, the water in the
  • Return line are thawed by the waste heat of the second heating element together with the registered in the already thawed water heat.
  • the water injection device comprises a delivery line, via which the delivery element is connected to the water injector, and on which a third heating element is at least partially arranged.
  • the third heating element may act to assist the first heating element and / or the second heating element.
  • the water injection device comprises a fourth
  • Heating element which is arranged in the water tank. By providing the fourth heating element, a faster thawing of the iced water tank is achieved.
  • the first heating element and / or the second heating element and / or the third heating element and / or the fourth heating element may preferably be formed as a unit.
  • the first heating element and / or the second heating element and / or the third heating element and / or the fourth heating element has an electric heating element and / or a
  • An electric heating element offers the advantage of easy control.
  • a hydraulic heat exchanger can be adapted to the particular space and design requirements, resulting in optimum heat transfer to the frozen water.
  • the hydraulic heat exchanger is preferably arranged to use the cooling water of the internal combustion engine for thawing the frozen water. Consequently The heat contained in the cooling water by cooling the engine can be reused.
  • the conveyor element is arranged to be operated in a non-optimal operating point of the conveyor element to generate heat.
  • a non-optimal operating point is the operating point to understand, in which a part of the electric power in a drive of the
  • Conveying element is converted into heat.
  • the conveyor element When the conveyor element is designed as a pump, operation of the pump at a lower speed than that at an optimum operating point is desired, so that the generated heat of the conveyor element is transferred to the water.
  • the conveying element is furthermore preferably set up, with an active one
  • Another aspect of the present invention relates to an internal combustion engine comprising a water injection device according to the invention.
  • the advantages obtained in relation to the water injection device according to the invention remain here as well.
  • the internal combustion engine is set up to be operated with gasoline and the Otto principle.
  • the internal combustion engine is to be understood, in which a combustion of gasoline or gasoline-air mixture takes place by spark ignition in the form of a spark plug. Since in such an internal combustion engine, the ignition by the
  • Ignition is precisely predetermined and is improved by the injection of water combustion, by the circulation of thawed by the at least one intended heating element water in the water injection device failsafe operation of the
  • the water injection device according to the invention is used in an internal combustion engine with direct injection and turbocharging.
  • the present invention relates to a method for operating a water injection device with at least one water injector, and a conveying element for conveying the water, which is connected via a suction line and a return line to a water tank.
  • a method for operating a water injection device with at least one water injector, and a conveying element for conveying the water which is connected via a suction line and a return line to a water tank.
  • the inventive method is in the water tank and / or in the
  • Suction line located water which is frozen, thawed by a first heating element.
  • the thawed water in the intake is conveyed according to the invention via the return line back into the water tank of the water injection device.
  • the conveyor element is operated at a non-optimal operating point of the conveyor element to generate heat.
  • the conveying element is operated during an active water injection during the thawing process so that a minimum amount of thawed water remains in the water tank.
  • Figure 1 is a greatly simplified schematic view of a
  • Figure 2 is a simplified schematic view of
  • Figure 3 is a simplified schematic view of
  • Figure 4 is a simplified schematic view of
  • Figure 5 is a simplified schematic view of
  • Water injection device 1 of an internal combustion engine 2 according to a first embodiment of the present invention described in detail.
  • the internal combustion engine 2 is operated according to the Otto principle and with gasoline direct injection.
  • the internal combustion engine 2 which has a plurality of cylinders, and a part of the water injection device 1 according to the invention is shown schematically.
  • the internal combustion engine 2 comprises per cylinder a combustion chamber 20 in which a piston 21 is movable back and forth. Furthermore, the internal combustion engine 2 preferably has two inlet valves 25 per cylinder, each having an inlet channel 22, via which air is supplied to the combustion chamber 20. Exhaust gas is removed via an exhaust duct 23. For this purpose, an exhaust valve 26 is arranged on the exhaust duct 23.
  • the reference numeral 24 also designates a fuel injection valve.
  • a water injector 6 is further arranged, which via a control unit 10 water in the inlet channel 22 of the
  • Internal combustion engine 2 injects.
  • two water injectors 6 per cylinder are provided, which can be injected for better treatment or to increase the maximum per combustion cycle
  • Amount of water leads.
  • a water injector per cylinder may be arranged.
  • the water injection device 1 comprises a pump designed as Conveying element 3 and an electric drive 4 for driving the pump. Furthermore, a water tank 5 is provided which by a
  • Suction line 7 is connected to the conveying element 3.
  • a conveying line 8 connects the conveying element 3 with a distributor 9 or a rail, to which a plurality of water injectors 6 is connected.
  • an air conditioner is preferably used, including the
  • Water injection device 1 has a supply line 1 1.
  • deionized water can be conveyed into the water tank 5 via a refill line 1 2.
  • a refill line 1 may optionally be provided a sieve.
  • a pre-filter 16 in the first line 7 and a fine filter 17 are arranged in the delivery line 8, which can be optionally heated.
  • control unit 1 which is preferably designed as the control unit of the internal combustion engine 2, a water injection under normal
  • a pressure regulator 15 is arranged in the form of a diaphragm in a return line 13, which connects the delivery line 8 with the water tank 5.
  • a check valve can be used as the pressure regulator 15.
  • a pressure sensor 14 is further provided in the delivery line 8.
  • the water injection device 1 is used at temperatures below the freezing point of the water of the water injection device 1, it may lead to icing of the water tank 5 and / or the suction line 7.
  • This area of the water injection device 1 may be sensitive, even if the internal combustion engine 1 is in operation, since this area may be removed from the combustion chamber 22.
  • a temperature or level sensor 1 8 can be used.
  • a first heating element 19a is arranged in the suction line 7. The first heating element 19 a is arranged to thaw the water which is frozen in the water tank 5 and / or in the suction line 7 and which is frozen.
  • the conveying element 3 is further configured to convey the thawed water in the suction line 7 and / or the water tank 5 via the return line 13 back into the water tank 5.
  • the first heater element 19a may be used as an electric heater element such as a heater. an electrical resistance and / or be designed as a hydraulic heat exchanger.
  • the hydraulic heat exchanger may be configured to use cooling water of the internal combustion engine 2 for thawing the frozen water.
  • the conveyor element 3 will be in still inactive water injection, i. with closed water injectors 6, turned on.
  • the thawed water is then supplied via the return line 13 via the pressure regulator 15 to the water tank 5.
  • Circulation processes increases. This results in a very fast thawing of the frozen water.
  • the conveying element 3 can be operated at a non-optimal operating point.
  • the conveying element 3 can be operated deliberately in a rotational speed range in which the heat losses of the conveying element 3 increase. This means that the efficiency of the conveyor element 3 on the not optimal operating point is not maximum. This leads to another
  • Heating of the circulating water which facilitates the thawing of the still frozen water. Will be optimized due to the driving conditions during this
  • Water injection amount is smaller than a minimum water injection amount, which is needed for the combustion, the performance of the
  • Water injection quantity can be avoided.
  • the generated heat is optimally distributed in the water tank 5.
  • thawing of the frozen water in the water tank 5 as well as in the suction line 7 can take place faster via the water injection device 1 according to the invention.
  • the water injection device 1 is thus ready earlier.
  • Water injection device 1 according to a second embodiment ( Figure 3) further comprise a second heating element 19b.
  • Heating element 19b is arranged on the return line 13. Thus, the already thawed water during its circulation can be further heated to introduce more heat in the water tank 5.
  • the second heating element 19b may also help when the
  • Return line 13 is completely or partially iced.
  • FIG. 4 shows a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • the third embodiment differs from the second embodiment basically in that a third heating element 19c is arranged in the conveying line 8.
  • a third heating element 19c is arranged in the conveying line 8.
  • the third heating element 19c is arranged in front of the return line 13 in the conveying direction of the water.
  • the water injection device 1 according to a fourth exemplary embodiment of the present invention has a fourth heating element 19d.
  • the fourth heating element 19d is disposed within the water tank 5, on. By providing a fourth heating element, the frozen water in the water tank 5 can be thawed faster. Thus, the
  • the heating elements 19a, 19b, 19c and 19d can form a heating unit.
  • the heating elements 19a, 19b, 19c and 19d are designed as hydraulic heat exchangers, the transfer of the heat to the water in a unit cycle can take place.
  • heating elements 19a, 19b, 19c and 19d can also serve as the heating of the heated filter elements 16 and 17.

Abstract

The invention relates to a water injection device of an internal combustion engine (2), comprising a water tank (5) for storage of water, at least one water injector (6), a conveying element (3) for conveying the water, which element is connected by means of an intake line (7) and a return line (13) to the water tank (3), and a first heating element (19a) which is arranged at least partially on the intake line (7). According to the invention the first heating element (19a) is configured to defrost water which is located in the water tank (5) and/or in the intake line (7) and is frozen. Furthermore the conveying element (3) is configured according to the invention to convey the defrosted water in the intake line (7) back into the water tank (5) via the return line (13). A further feature of the invention relates to an internal combustion engine having a water injection device (1) according to the invention and to a method for operating the water injection device (1).

Description

Beschreibung Titel  Description title
Wassereinspritzvorrichtunq einer Brennkraftmaschine und Verfahren zum  Water injection device of an internal combustion engine and method for the
Betreiben einer solchen Wassereinspritzvorrichtunq Operating such a water injection device
Stand der Technik State of the art
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Wassereinspritzvorrichtung einer The present invention relates to a water injection device of a
Brennkraftmaschine sowie eine derartige Brennkraftmaschine. Ein weiterer Aspekt der Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Betreiben einer derartigen Wassereinspritzvorrichtung. Internal combustion engine and such an internal combustion engine. Another aspect of the invention relates to a method of operating such a water injection device.
Aufgrund steigender Anforderungen an reduzierte Kohlenstoffdioxidemissionen werden Brennkraftmaschinen zunehmend hinsichtlich des Kraftstoffverbrauchs optimiert. Allerdings können bekannte Brennkraftmaschinen in Betriebspunkten mit hoher Last nicht optimal im Hinblick auf den Verbrauch betrieben werden, da der Betrieb durch Klopfneigung und hohe Abgastemperaturen begrenzt ist. Eine mögliche Maßnahme zur Reduzierung der Klopfneigung und zur Senkung der Abgastemperaturen ist die Einspritzung von Wasser. Hierbei sind üblicherweise separate Wassereinspritzsysteme vorhanden, um die Wassereinspritzung zu ermöglichen. So ist z.B. aus der WO 2014/080266 A1 ein Wassereinspritzsystem für eine Brennkraftmaschine mit Abgasrückführung bekannt, bei dem das Wasser in den Massenstrom der Abgasrückführung eingespritzt wird. Due to increasing demands on reduced carbon dioxide emissions, internal combustion engines are increasingly being optimized with regard to fuel consumption. However, known internal combustion engines can not be operated optimally in terms of consumption at operating points with high load, since the operation is limited by knock tendency and high exhaust gas temperatures. A possible measure to reduce the tendency to knock and to lower the exhaust gas temperatures is the injection of water. There are usually separate water injection systems available to allow the water injection. For example, e.g. from WO 2014/080266 A1 discloses a water injection system for an internal combustion engine with exhaust gas recirculation, in which the water is injected into the mass flow of the exhaust gas recirculation.
Ein Problem bei bekannten Wassereinspritzsystemen ist eine mögliche A problem with known water injection systems is one possible
Vereisung von wasserführenden Komponenten des Wassereinspritzsystems. Um das System auch bei Temperaturen unterhalb des Gefrierpunktes des im Icing of water-bearing components of the water injection system. To keep the system at temperatures below the freezing point of the
Wassereinspritzsystem verwendeten Wassers zu betreiben, wird ein The water injection system used to operate water becomes
Heizungselement benutzt. Nachteilig an diesem Heizungselement ist, dass sich die Wärme auf einen kleinen Ort um das Heizungselement reduziert. Dies kann ein nicht optimales Auftauen der vereisten Komponenten des Heating element used. A disadvantage of this heating element is that the heat is reduced to a small location around the heating element. This can be a non-optimal thawing of the icy components of the
Wassereinspritzsystems zur Folge haben. Insbesondere wenn Wasser aufgrund einer angeforderten Wassereinspritzung aus einem teilweise aufgetauten Wassertank angesaugt wird, kann es zu einem Kontaktverlust des Water injection system result. Especially if water due a requested water injection is sucked from a partially thawed water tank, it may lead to a loss of contact of the
Heizungselements mit dem noch gefrorenen Wasser führen. Dies ist als „Eishöhleneffekt" bezeichnet. Dadurch ist es möglich, dass nicht genug Wasser zum weiteren Einspritzen zur Verfügung steht, was eine Beeinträchtigung derLead heating element with the still frozen water. This is referred to as the "ice cave effect." This may result in insufficient water being available for further injection, which may affect the performance of the water
Funktionsweise der Brennkraftmaschine verursachen kann. Operation of the internal combustion engine can cause.
Offenbarung der Erfindung Die erfindungsgemäße Wassereinspritzvorrichtung einer Brennkraftmaschine mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 weist demgegenüber den Vorteil auf, dass ein Auftauen von vereisten Komponenten der Wassereinspritzvorrichtung sicher und schnell erfolgen kann. Weiterhin wird der sogenannte Eishöhlen-Effekt vermieden, was anderenfalls zu einer erheblichen Reduzierung des DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The water injection device of an internal combustion engine according to the invention with the features of claim 1 has the advantage that thawing of icy components of the water injection device can be done safely and quickly. Furthermore, the so-called ice cave effect is avoided, which otherwise leads to a significant reduction of
Wirkungsgrads des Heizungselements führen könnte. Dies wird Efficiency of the heating element could result. this will
erfindungsgemäß durch eine Wassereinspritzvorrichtung einer According to the invention by a water injection device a
Brennkraftmaschine erreicht, welche einen Wassertank zur Speicherung von Wasser, mindestens einen Wasserinjektor, ein Förderelement zum Fördern des Wassers, welches über eine Ansaugleitung und über eine Rücklaufleitung mit dem Wassertank verbunden ist, und ein erstes Heizungselement umfasst, welches zumindest teilweise an der Ansaugleitung angeordnet ist. Internal combustion engine reaches, which comprises a water tank for storing water, at least one water injector, a conveying element for conveying the water, which is connected via a suction and a return line to the water tank, and a first heating element, which is at least partially disposed on the suction line ,
Erfindungsgemäß ist das erste Heizungselement eingerichtet, im Wassertank und/oder in der Ansaugleitung befindliches Wasser, welches gefroren ist, aufzutauen, um das aufgetaute Wasser in der Ansaugleitung über die According to the invention, the first heating element is arranged to thaw water in the water tank and / or in the suction line, which is frozen, in order to thaw the thawed water in the suction line over the
Rücklaufleitung zurück in den Wassertank zu fördern. Durch die Zirkulation des aufgetauten Wassers wird die durch das Heizungselement erzeugte Wärme gleichmäßig im Wassertank verteilt. Somit werden eine frühere Return line to pump back into the water tank. Due to the circulation of the thawed water, the heat generated by the heating element is distributed evenly in the water tank. Thus, an earlier
Betriebsbereitschaft der Wassereinspritzvorrichtung bei Temperaturen unterhalb des Gefrierpunktes des Wassers sowie ein sicheres Auftauen der gesamten Wassermenge des Wassertanks in schneller Weise ermöglicht. Dadurch können die Anforderungen an das erste Heizungselement verringert werden, was zu einem kostengünstigen und kompakten Aufbau der Wassereinspritzvorrichtung führt. Operational readiness of the water injection device at temperatures below the freezing point of the water and a safe thawing of the total amount of water in the water tank in a fast manner possible. As a result, the requirements for the first heating element can be reduced, resulting in a cost-effective and compact construction of the water injection device.
Die Unteransprüche zeigen bevorzugte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung. Um das Auftauen des gefrorenen Wassers zu unterstützen, weist vorzugsweise die Wassereinspritzvorrichtung ferner ein zweites Heizungselement auf, welches zumindest teilweise an der Rücklaufleitung angeordnet ist. Das zweite The dependent claims show preferred developments of the invention. In order to assist the thawing of the frozen water, preferably the water injection device further comprises a second heating element, which is at least partially disposed on the return line. The second
Heizungselement ist eingerichtet, das durch das erste Heizungselement aufgetaute Wasser zusätzlich zu erwärmen. Außerdem kann das zweite Heating element is adapted to additionally heat the thawed by the first heating element water. In addition, the second
Heizungselement eingeschaltet werden, wenn auch Wasser, welches sich in der Rücklaufleitung befindet, eingefroren ist. Somit kann das Wasser in der Heating element are turned on, even if water, which is located in the return line, is frozen. Thus, the water in the
Rücklaufleitung durch die Abwärme des zweiten Heizungselements nebst der im schon aufgetauten Wasser eingetragenen Wärme aufgetaut werden. Return line are thawed by the waste heat of the second heating element together with the registered in the already thawed water heat.
Ferner bevorzugt umfasst die Wassereinspritzvorrichtung eine Förderleitung, über welche das Förderelement mit dem Wasserinjektor verbunden ist, und an welcher ein drittes Heizungselement zumindest teilweise angeordnet ist. Das dritte Heizungselement kann unterstützend zu dem ersten Heizungselement und/oder dem zweiten Heizungselement wirken. Further preferably, the water injection device comprises a delivery line, via which the delivery element is connected to the water injector, and on which a third heating element is at least partially arranged. The third heating element may act to assist the first heating element and / or the second heating element.
Weiter bevorzugt umfasst die Wassereinspritzvorrichtung ein viertes More preferably, the water injection device comprises a fourth
Heizungselement, welches im Wassertank angeordnet ist. Durch das Vorsehen des vierten Heizungselements wird ein schnelleres Auftauen des vereisten Wassertanks erzielt. Heating element, which is arranged in the water tank. By providing the fourth heating element, a faster thawing of the iced water tank is achieved.
Das erste Heizungselement und/oder das zweite Heizungselement und/oder das dritte Heizungselement und/oder das vierte Heizungselement können vorzugsweise als eine Einheit ausgebildet sein. The first heating element and / or the second heating element and / or the third heating element and / or the fourth heating element may preferably be formed as a unit.
Besonders bevorzugt weist das erste Heizungselement und/oder das zweite Heizungselement und/oder das dritte Heizungselement und/oder das vierte Heizungselement ein elektrisches Heizungselement und/oder einen Particularly preferably, the first heating element and / or the second heating element and / or the third heating element and / or the fourth heating element has an electric heating element and / or a
hydraulischen Wärmetauscher auf. Ein elektrisches Heizungselement bietet den Vorteil einer einfachen Steuerung. Auf der anderen Seite kann ein hydraulischer Wärmetauscher an die jeweiligen Platz- und Designanforderungen angepasst werden, was zu einer optimalen Wärmeübertragung auf das gefrorene Wasser führt. hydraulic heat exchanger on. An electric heating element offers the advantage of easy control. On the other hand, a hydraulic heat exchanger can be adapted to the particular space and design requirements, resulting in optimum heat transfer to the frozen water.
Der hydraulische Wärmetauscher ist vorzugsweise eingerichtet, Kühlwasser der Brennkraftmaschine zum Auftauen des gefrorenen Wassers zu benutzen. Somit kann die Wärme, die im Kühlwasser durch das Abkühlen der Brennkraftmaschine steckt, wiederverwendet werden. The hydraulic heat exchanger is preferably arranged to use the cooling water of the internal combustion engine for thawing the frozen water. Consequently The heat contained in the cooling water by cooling the engine can be reused.
In vorteilhafter Weise ist das Förderelement eingerichtet, in einem nicht optimalen Betriebspunkt des Förderelements betrieben zu werden, um Wärme zu erzeugen. Als nicht optimaler Betriebspunkt ist der Arbeitspunkt zu verstehen, an welchem ein Teil der der elektrischen Leistung in einem Antrieb des Advantageously, the conveyor element is arranged to be operated in a non-optimal operating point of the conveyor element to generate heat. As a non-optimal operating point is the operating point to understand, in which a part of the electric power in a drive of the
Förderelements in Wärme umgewandelt wird. Conveying element is converted into heat.
Wenn das Förderelement als Pumpe ausgebildet ist, ist ein Betrieb der Pumpe bei niedrigerer Drehzahl als der bei einem optimalen Betriebspunkt erwünscht, so dass die erzeugte Wärme des Förderelements auf das Wasser übertragen wird. When the conveyor element is designed as a pump, operation of the pump at a lower speed than that at an optimum operating point is desired, so that the generated heat of the conveyor element is transferred to the water.
Das Förderelement ist weiterhin bevorzugt eingerichtet, bei einer aktiven The conveying element is furthermore preferably set up, with an active one
Wassereinspritzung während des Auftauvorgangs so betrieben zu werden, dass eine Mindestmenge vom aufgetauten Wasser im Wassertank verbleibt. Somit kann das Auftauen des restlichen gefrorenen Wassers ununterbrochen erfolgen, auch wenn eine große Wassereinspritzmenge gefordert wird. Water injection during the thawing process to be operated so that a minimum amount of thawed water remains in the water tank. Thus, the thawing of the remaining frozen water can be uninterrupted even if a large amount of water injection is required.
Ein weiterer Aspekt der vorliegenden Erfindung betrifft eine Brennkraftmaschine, welche eine erfindungsgemäße Wassereinspritzvorrichtung umfasst. Die in Bezug auf die erfindungsgemäße Wassereinspritzvorrichtung erhaltenen Vorteile bleiben auch hier erhalten. Another aspect of the present invention relates to an internal combustion engine comprising a water injection device according to the invention. The advantages obtained in relation to the water injection device according to the invention remain here as well.
Insbesondere ist die Brenn kraftmaschine eingerichtet, mit Benzin und nach dem Otto-Prinzip betrieben zu werden. Als eine solche Brennkraftmaschine ist die Brennkraftmaschine zu verstehen, bei welcher eine Verbrennung von Benzin bzw. Benzin-Luft-Gemisch durch Fremdzündung in Form einer Zündkerze erfolgt. Da bei einer solchen Brennkraftmaschine der Zündzeitpunkt durch die In particular, the internal combustion engine is set up to be operated with gasoline and the Otto principle. As such an internal combustion engine, the internal combustion engine is to be understood, in which a combustion of gasoline or gasoline-air mixture takes place by spark ignition in the form of a spark plug. Since in such an internal combustion engine, the ignition by the
Fremdzündung genau vorbestimmt ist und durch die Wassereinspritzung die Verbrennung verbessert wird, wird durch die Zirkulation des durch das mindestens eine vorgesehene Heizungselement aufgetauten Wassers in der Wassereinspritzvorrichtung eine ausfallsichere Funktionsweise der Ignition is precisely predetermined and is improved by the injection of water combustion, by the circulation of thawed by the at least one intended heating element water in the water injection device failsafe operation of the
Brennkraftmaschine erzielt. Internal combustion engine achieved.
Insbesondere ist die erfindungsgemäße Wassereinspritzvorrichtung in einer Brennkraftmaschine mit Direkteinspritzung und Turboaufladung eingesetzt. Ferner betrifft die vorliegende Erfindung ein Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Wassereinspritzvorrichtung mit mindestens einem Wasserinjektor, und einem Förderelement zum Fördern des Wassers, welches über eine Ansaugleitung und über eine Rücklaufleitung mit einem Wassertank verbunden ist. Gemäß dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren wird im Wassertank und/oder in der In particular, the water injection device according to the invention is used in an internal combustion engine with direct injection and turbocharging. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a method for operating a water injection device with at least one water injector, and a conveying element for conveying the water, which is connected via a suction line and a return line to a water tank. According to the inventive method is in the water tank and / or in the
Ansaugleitung befindliches Wasser, welches gefroren ist, durch ein erstes Heizungselement aufgetaut. Das aufgetaute Wasser in der Ansaugleitung wird erfindungsgemäß über die Rücklaufleitung zurück in den Wassertank der Wassereinspritzvorrichtung gefördert. Suction line located water, which is frozen, thawed by a first heating element. The thawed water in the intake is conveyed according to the invention via the return line back into the water tank of the water injection device.
Vorzugsweise wird das Förderelement in einem nicht optimalen Betriebspunkt des Förderelements betrieben, um Wärme zu erzeugen. Preferably, the conveyor element is operated at a non-optimal operating point of the conveyor element to generate heat.
Bevorzugt wird das Förderelement bei einer aktiven Wassereinspritzung während des Auftauvorgangs so betrieben, dass eine Mindestmenge vom aufgetauten Wasser im Wassertank verbleibt. Preferably, the conveying element is operated during an active water injection during the thawing process so that a minimum amount of thawed water remains in the water tank.
Kurze Beschreibung der Zeichnungen Brief description of the drawings
Nachfolgend werden Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung unter Bezugnahme auf die begleitende Zeichnung im Detail beschrieben, wobei gleiche bzw. funktional gleiche Teile jeweils mit den gleichen Bezugszeichen bezeichnet sind. In der Zeichnung ist: Hereinafter, embodiments of the invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein like or functionally identical parts are designated by the same reference numerals. In the drawing is:
Figur 1 eine stark vereinfachte schematische Ansicht einer Figure 1 is a greatly simplified schematic view of a
Brennkraftmaschine mit einer Wassereinspritzvorrichtung gemäß einem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel der vorliegenden Erfindung,  Internal combustion engine with a water injection device according to a first embodiment of the present invention,
Figur 2 eine vereinfachte schematische Ansicht der Figure 2 is a simplified schematic view of
Wassereinspritzvorrichtung gemäß dem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel,  Water injection device according to the first embodiment,
Figur 3 eine vereinfachte schematische Ansicht der Figure 3 is a simplified schematic view of
Wassereinspritzvorrichtung gemäß einem zweiten  Water injection device according to a second
Ausführungsbeispiel, Figur 4 eine vereinfachte schematische Ansicht derEmbodiment, Figure 4 is a simplified schematic view of
Wassereinspritzvorrichtung gemäß einem dritten Water injection device according to a third
Ausführungsbeispiel, und  Embodiment, and
Figur 5 eine vereinfachte schematische Ansicht der Figure 5 is a simplified schematic view of
Wassereinspritzvorrichtung gemäß einem vierten  Water injection device according to a fourth
Ausführungsbeispiel.  Embodiment.
Ausführungsformen der Erfindung Embodiments of the invention
Nachfolgend wird unter Bezugnahme auf die Figuren 1 und 2 eine Hereinafter, with reference to Figures 1 and 2 a
Wassereinspritzvorrichtung 1 einer Brennkraftmaschine 2 gemäß einem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel der vorliegenden Erfindung im Detail beschrieben. Water injection device 1 of an internal combustion engine 2 according to a first embodiment of the present invention described in detail.
Insbesondere wird die Brennkraftmaschine 2 nach dem Otto-Prinzip und mit Benzindirekteinspritzung betrieben. In particular, the internal combustion engine 2 is operated according to the Otto principle and with gasoline direct injection.
In Figur 1 ist die Brennkraftmaschine 2, welche eine Vielzahl von Zylindern aufweist, sowie ein Teil der erfindungsgemäßen Wassereinspritzvorrichtung 1 schematisch dargestellt. Die Brennkraftmaschine 2 umfasst pro Zylinder einen Brennraum 20, in welchem ein Kolben 21 hin und her bewegbar ist. Ferner weist vorzugsweise die Brennkraftmaschine 2 pro Zylinder zwei Einlassventile 25 mit jeweils einem Einlasskanal 22 auf, über welche Luft zum Brennraum 20 zugeführt wird. Abgas wird über einen Abgaskanal 23 abgeführt. Hierzu ist am Abgaskanal 23 ein Auslassventil 26 angeordnet. Das Bezugszeichen 24 bezeichnet ferner ein Kraftstoffeinspritzventil. In Figure 1, the internal combustion engine 2, which has a plurality of cylinders, and a part of the water injection device 1 according to the invention is shown schematically. The internal combustion engine 2 comprises per cylinder a combustion chamber 20 in which a piston 21 is movable back and forth. Furthermore, the internal combustion engine 2 preferably has two inlet valves 25 per cylinder, each having an inlet channel 22, via which air is supplied to the combustion chamber 20. Exhaust gas is removed via an exhaust duct 23. For this purpose, an exhaust valve 26 is arranged on the exhaust duct 23. The reference numeral 24 also designates a fuel injection valve.
An jedem Einlasskanal 22 ist ferner ein Wasserinjektor 6 angeordnet, welcher über eine Steuereinheit 10 Wasser in den Einlasskanal 22 der At each inlet channel 22, a water injector 6 is further arranged, which via a control unit 10 water in the inlet channel 22 of the
Brennkraftmaschine 2 einspritzt. In diesem Ausführungsbeispiel sind zwei Wasserinjektoren 6 pro Zylinder vorgesehen, was zur besseren Aufbereitung oder zur Erhöhung der pro Verbrennungszyklus maximal einspritzbaren Internal combustion engine 2 injects. In this embodiment, two water injectors 6 per cylinder are provided, which can be injected for better treatment or to increase the maximum per combustion cycle
Wassermenge führt. Alternativ kann ein Wasserinjektor pro Zylinder angeordnet sein. Amount of water leads. Alternatively, a water injector per cylinder may be arranged.
In Figur 2 ist die erfindungsgemäße Wassereinspritzvorrichtung 1 im Detail gezeigt. Die Wassereinspritzvorrichtung 1 umfasst ein als Pumpe ausgebildetes Förderelement 3 und einen elektrischen Antrieb 4 zum Antreiben der Pumpe. Des Weiteren ist ein Wassertank 5 vorgesehen, welcher durch eine In Figure 2, the water injection device 1 according to the invention is shown in detail. The water injection device 1 comprises a pump designed as Conveying element 3 and an electric drive 4 for driving the pump. Furthermore, a water tank 5 is provided which by a
Ansaugleitung 7 mit dem Förderelement 3 verbunden ist. Eine Förderleitung 8 verbindet das Förderelement 3 mit einem Verteiler 9 bzw. einem Rail, an welchem eine Vielzahl von Wasserinjektoren 6 angeschlossen ist. Suction line 7 is connected to the conveying element 3. A conveying line 8 connects the conveying element 3 with a distributor 9 or a rail, to which a plurality of water injectors 6 is connected.
Zum Einspritzen von Wasser in die Einlasskanäle 22 der Brennkraftmaschine 2 wird Wasser aus dem Wassertank 5 durch das Förderelement 3 in die For injecting water into the inlet channels 22 of the internal combustion engine 2, water from the water tank 5 through the conveyor element 3 in the
Wasserinjektoren 6 zugeführt. Dafür wird bevorzugt ein Kondensat eines nicht gezeigten Verdampfers einer Klimaanlage verwendet, wozu die Water injectors 6 supplied. For a condensate of an evaporator, not shown, an air conditioner is preferably used, including the
erfindungsgemäße Wassereinspritzvorrichtung 1 eine Zulaufleitung 1 1 aufweist. Water injection device 1 according to the invention has a supply line 1 1.
Alternativ oder zusätzlich zum Kondensat kann deionisiertes Wasser über eine Nachfüllleitung 1 2 in den Wassertank 5 gefördert werden. In der Nachfüllleitung 12 kann optional ein Sieb vorgesehen sein. Ferner sind ein Vorfilter 16 in der ersten Leitung 7 und ein Feinfilter 17 in der Förderleitung 8 angeordnet, welche optional beheizt werden können. Alternatively or in addition to the condensate, deionized water can be conveyed into the water tank 5 via a refill line 1 2. In the refill line 12 may optionally be provided a sieve. Furthermore, a pre-filter 16 in the first line 7 and a fine filter 17 are arranged in the delivery line 8, which can be optionally heated.
Wird nun über die Steuereinheit 1 0, welche bevorzugt als die Steuereinheit der Brennkraftmaschine 2 ausgebildet ist, eine Wassereinspritzung unter normalenIs now on the control unit 1 0, which is preferably designed as the control unit of the internal combustion engine 2, a water injection under normal
Umgebungstemperaturen angefordert, so wird mittels des Förderelements 3 Wasser aus dem Wassertank 5 angesaugt. Zum Einstellen des gewünschten Systemdrucks im Verteiler 9 ist ein Druckregler 15 in der Form einer Blende in einer Rücklaufleitung 13 angeordnet, welche die Förderleitung 8 mit dem Wassertank 5 verbindet. Nach einer alternativen Ausgestaltung der Erfindung kann anstatt einer Blende ein Rückschlagventil als der Druckregler 15 benutzt werden. Zur Druckregelung ist ferner ein Drucksensor 14 in der Förderleitung 8 vorgesehen. Wenn allerdings die Wassereinspritzvorrichtung 1 bei Temperaturen unterhalb des Gefrierpunktes des Wassers der Wassereinspritzvorrichtung 1 benutzt wird, kann es zu einer Vereisung des Wassertanks 5 und/oder der Ansaugleitung 7 führen. Dieser Bereich der Wassereinspritzvorrichtung 1 kann empfindlich sein, auch wenn die Brennkraftmaschine 1 im Betrieb ist, da dieser Bereich vom Brennraum 22 entfernt sein kann. Um eine Vereisung des Wassertanks 5 und/oder der Ansaugleitung 7 zu erkennen, kann z.B. ein Temperatur- bzw. Füllstandsensor 1 8 benutzt werden. Zum Auftauen des gefrorenen Wasser ist ein erstes Heizungselement 19a in der Ansaugleitung 7 angeordnet. Das erste Heizungselement 19a ist eingerichtet, das im Wassertank 5 und/oder in der Ansaugleitung 7 befindliches Wasser, welches gefroren ist, aufzutauen. Ambient temperatures requested, 3 water is sucked from the water tank 5 by means of the conveying element. To set the desired system pressure in the manifold 9, a pressure regulator 15 is arranged in the form of a diaphragm in a return line 13, which connects the delivery line 8 with the water tank 5. According to an alternative embodiment of the invention, instead of a diaphragm, a check valve can be used as the pressure regulator 15. For pressure control, a pressure sensor 14 is further provided in the delivery line 8. However, if the water injection device 1 is used at temperatures below the freezing point of the water of the water injection device 1, it may lead to icing of the water tank 5 and / or the suction line 7. This area of the water injection device 1 may be sensitive, even if the internal combustion engine 1 is in operation, since this area may be removed from the combustion chamber 22. In order to detect icing of the water tank 5 and / or the suction line 7, for example, a temperature or level sensor 1 8 can be used. For thawing the frozen water, a first heating element 19a is arranged in the suction line 7. The first heating element 19 a is arranged to thaw the water which is frozen in the water tank 5 and / or in the suction line 7 and which is frozen.
Das Förderelement 3 ist ferner eingerichtet, das aufgetaute Wasser in der Ansaugleitung 7 und/oder dem Wassertank 5 über die Rücklaufleitung 13 zurück in den Wassertank 5 zu fördern. The conveying element 3 is further configured to convey the thawed water in the suction line 7 and / or the water tank 5 via the return line 13 back into the water tank 5.
Das erste Heizungselement 19a kann als ein elektrisches Heizungselement wie z.B. ein elektrischer Widerstand und/oder als ein hydraulischer Wärmetauscher ausgebildet sein. Hierbei kann der hydraulische Wärmetauscher eingerichtet sein, Kühlwasser der Brenn kraftmaschine 2 zum Auftauen des gefrorenen Wassers zu benutzen. The first heater element 19a may be used as an electric heater element such as a heater. an electrical resistance and / or be designed as a hydraulic heat exchanger. Here, the hydraulic heat exchanger may be configured to use cooling water of the internal combustion engine 2 for thawing the frozen water.
Für eine möglichst frühe Betriebsbereitschaft der Wassereinspritzvorrichtung 1 wird zunächst ein kleiner Teil des Wassers im Wassertank 5 und/oder in der Ansaugleitung 7 des Förderelements 3 aufgetaut. Sobald dieses Wasservolumen aufgetaut ist, wird das Förderelement 3 bei noch inaktiver Wassereinspritzung, d.h. bei geschlossenen Wasserinjektoren 6, eingeschaltet. Das aufgetaute Wasser wird dann über die Rücklaufleitung 13 über den Druckregler 15 zum Wassertank 5 zugeführt. For the earliest possible operational readiness of the water injection device 1, first a small part of the water in the water tank 5 and / or in the suction line 7 of the conveying element 3 is thawed. Once this volume of water has thawed, the conveyor element 3 will be in still inactive water injection, i. with closed water injectors 6, turned on. The thawed water is then supplied via the return line 13 via the pressure regulator 15 to the water tank 5.
Es findet somit eine Zirkulation des aufgetauten Wassers statt, wodurch die im Wasser steckende Wärme gleichmäßig im Wassertank 5 verteilt wird. Dadurch kann die Enteisung des Wassertanks 5 fortfahren, wenn er noch nicht vollständig aufgetaut ist. Somit steht bei der nächsten Zirkulation eine größere There is thus a circulation of the thawed water, whereby the heat stuck in the water is evenly distributed in the water tank 5. This allows the de-icing of the water tank 5 continue if it is not completely thawed. Thus, in the next circulation is a larger one
Wassermenge zur Verfügung, welche sich bei ansteigender Anzahl von Amount of water available, which increases with increasing number of
Zirkulationsvorgängen zunimmt. Dies hat ein sehr schnelles Auftauen des gefrorenen Wassers zur Folge. Circulation processes increases. This results in a very fast thawing of the frozen water.
Um den Effekt der Erwärmung durch Zirkulation zu verstärken, kann das Förderelement 3 in einem nicht optimalen Betriebspunkt betrieben werden. Vorzugsweise kann das Förderelement 3 bewusst in einem Drehzahlbereich betrieben werden, in welchem sich die Wärmeverluste des Förderelements 3 erhöhen. Das heißt, dass der Wirkungsgrad des Förderelements 3 an dem nicht optimalen Betriebspunkt nicht maximal ist. Dies führt zu einer weiteren In order to enhance the effect of heating by circulation, the conveying element 3 can be operated at a non-optimal operating point. Preferably, the conveying element 3 can be operated deliberately in a rotational speed range in which the heat losses of the conveying element 3 increase. This means that the efficiency of the conveyor element 3 on the not optimal operating point is not maximum. This leads to another
Erwärmung des zirkulierenden Wassers, was das Auftauen des noch gefrorenen Wasser erleichtert. Wird aufgrund der Fahrtbedingungen während dieses optimierten Heating of the circulating water, which facilitates the thawing of the still frozen water. Will be optimized due to the driving conditions during this
Auftauverfahrens eine Wassereinspritzung durch die Brennkraftmaschine 2 angefordert, so wird zunächst eine Wassereinspritzmenge zugelassen, so dass genug aufgetautes Wasser noch im teilweise vereisten Wassertank 5 verbleibt. Somit kann der Auftauvorgang ununterbrochen erfolgen.  Thawing a water injection requested by the internal combustion engine 2, so initially a water injection amount is allowed, so that enough thawed water still remains in the partially iced water tank 5. Thus, the thawing process can be carried out continuously.
Falls die zugelassene Wassereinspritzmenge für die verbrennungsrelevante Einspritzung nicht ausreicht, d.h., wenn die zum Einspritzen verfügbare If the approved water injection amount is insufficient for the combustion-relevant injection, that is, if available for injection
Wassereinspritzmenge kleiner als eine minimale Wassereinspritzmenge ist, welche für die Verbrennung benötigt ist, wird die Leistung der Water injection amount is smaller than a minimum water injection amount, which is needed for the combustion, the performance of the
Brennkraftmaschine 2 reduziert. Somit können Problemen beim Betrieb derInternal combustion engine 2 reduced. Thus, problems in the operation of the
Brennkraftmaschine 2, wie z.B. Klopfen, aufgrund der reduzierten Internal combustion engine 2, such as e.g. Knock, due to the reduced
Wassereinspritzmenge vermieden werden. Water injection quantity can be avoided.
Sobald sichergestellt wird, dass die im Wassertank 5 verbliebene aufgetaute Wassermenge genug ist, um das Auftauverfahren fortzusetzen, auch wenn die von der Brennkraftmaschine 2 benötigte Wassereinspritzmenge eingespritzt wird, wird diese Wassereinspritzmenge tatsächlich freigegeben. Once it is ensured that the thawed water remaining in the water tank 5 is enough to continue the thawing process, even if the water injection amount required by the engine 2 is injected, this water injection amount is actually released.
Durch die Zirkulation des durch das erste Heizungselement 19a aufgetauten Wassers wird die erzeugte Wärme optimal im Wassertank 5 verteilt. Somit kann über die erfindungsgemäße Wassereinspritzvorrichtung 1 das Auftauen des gefrorenen Wassers im Wassertank 5 sowie in der Ansaugleitung 7 schneller erfolgen. Die Wassereinspritzvorrichtung 1 ist dadurch früher betriebsbereit. Um das Auftauen des gefrorenen Wassers zu unterstützen, kann die By the circulation of the water thawed by the first heating element 19a, the generated heat is optimally distributed in the water tank 5. Thus, thawing of the frozen water in the water tank 5 as well as in the suction line 7 can take place faster via the water injection device 1 according to the invention. The water injection device 1 is thus ready earlier. To help thaw the frozen water, the
Wassereinspritzvorrichtung 1 gemäß einem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel (Figur 3) ferner ein zweites Heizungselement 19b aufweisen. Das zweite  Water injection device 1 according to a second embodiment (Figure 3) further comprise a second heating element 19b. The second
Heizungselement 19b ist an der Rücklaufleitung 13 angeordnet. Somit kann das schon aufgetaute Wasser während dessen Zirkulation weiter erhitzt werden, um mehr Wärme in den Wassertank 5 einzuleiten. Das zweite Heizungselement 19b kann auch behilflich sein, wenn die Heating element 19b is arranged on the return line 13. Thus, the already thawed water during its circulation can be further heated to introduce more heat in the water tank 5. The second heating element 19b may also help when the
Rücklaufleitung 13 vollständig oder teilweise vereist ist. Return line 13 is completely or partially iced.
Die Figur 4 zeigt ein drittes Ausführungsbeispiel der vorliegenden Erfindung. Das dritte Ausführungsbeispiel unterscheidet sich vom zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel grundsätzlich dadurch, dass ein drittes Heizungselement 19c in der Förderleitung 8 angeordnet ist. Somit kann mehr Wärme auf das aufgetaute Wasser übertragen werden. Vorzugsweise ist das dritte Heizungselement 19c vor der Rücklaufleitung 13 in Förderrichtung des Wassers angeordnet. FIG. 4 shows a third embodiment of the present invention. The third embodiment differs from the second embodiment basically in that a third heating element 19c is arranged in the conveying line 8. Thus, more heat can be transferred to the thawed water. Preferably, the third heating element 19c is arranged in front of the return line 13 in the conveying direction of the water.
Wie aus der Figur 5 ersichtlich ist, weist die Wassereinspritzvorrichtung 1 gemäß einem vierten Ausführungsbeispiel der vorliegenden Erfindung ein viertes Heizungselement 19d auf. As can be seen from FIG. 5, the water injection device 1 according to a fourth exemplary embodiment of the present invention has a fourth heating element 19d.
Das vierte Heizungselement 19d ist innerhalb des Wassertanks 5 angeordnet, auf. Durch das Vorsehen eines vierten Heizungselements kann das gefrorene Wasser im Wassertank 5 schneller aufgetaut werden. Somit kann die The fourth heating element 19d is disposed within the water tank 5, on. By providing a fourth heating element, the frozen water in the water tank 5 can be thawed faster. Thus, the
Wassereinspritzvorrichtung 1 früher betriebsbereit sein. Water injector 1 to be ready earlier.
Es sei angemerkt, dass die Heizungselemente 19a, 19b, 19c und 19d eine Heizungseinheit bilden können. Insbesondere wenn die Heizungselemente 19a, 19b, 19c und 19d als hydraulische Wärmetauscher ausgebildet sind, kann die Übertragung der Wärme auf das Wasser in einem Einheitskreislauf erfolgen. It should be noted that the heating elements 19a, 19b, 19c and 19d can form a heating unit. In particular, if the heating elements 19a, 19b, 19c and 19d are designed as hydraulic heat exchangers, the transfer of the heat to the water in a unit cycle can take place.
Ferner können die Heizungselemente 19a, 19b, 19c und 19d auch als die Heizung der beheizten Filterelemente 16 und 17 dienen. Furthermore, the heating elements 19a, 19b, 19c and 19d can also serve as the heating of the heated filter elements 16 and 17.

Claims

Ansprüche claims
1 . Wassereinspritzvorrichtung einer Brennkraftmaschine (2), umfassend: 1 . Water injection device of an internal combustion engine (2), comprising:
- einen Wassertank (5) zur Speicherung von Wasser,  a water tank (5) for storing water,
- mindestens einen Wasserinjektor (6),  at least one water injector (6),
- ein Förderelement (3) zum Fördern des Wassers, welches über eine Ansaugleitung (7) und über eine Rücklaufleitung (13) mit dem  - A conveying element (3) for conveying the water, which via a suction line (7) and via a return line (13) with the
Wassertank (5) verbunden ist, und  Water tank (5) is connected, and
- ein erstes Heizungselement (19a), welches zumindest teilweise an der Ansaugleitung (7) angeordnet ist,  a first heating element (19a) which is arranged at least partially on the suction line (7),
- wobei das erste Heizungselement (19a) eingerichtet ist, im Wassertank (5) und/oder in der Ansaugleitung (7) befindliches Wasser, welches gefroren ist, aufzutauen, und  - Wherein the first heating element (19 a) is arranged to thaw water in the water tank (5) and / or in the suction line (7), which is frozen, and
- wobei das Förderelement (3) eingerichtet ist, das aufgetaute Wasser in der Ansaugleitung (7) über die Rücklaufleitung (13) zurück in den Wassertank (5) zu fördern.  - Wherein the conveying element (3) is adapted to promote the thawed water in the suction line (7) via the return line (13) back into the water tank (5).
2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 , ferner umfassend ein zweites 2. Apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a second
Heizungselement (19b), welches zumindest teilweise an der  Heating element (19b), which at least partially at the
Rücklaufleitung (13) angeordnet ist.  Return line (13) is arranged.
3. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, ferner umfassend eine Förderleitung (8), über welche das Förderelement (3) mit dem 3. Device according to one of the preceding claims, further comprising a conveying line (8) via which the conveying element (3) with the
Wasserinjektor (6) verbunden ist, und an welcher ein drittes  Water injector (6) is connected, and at which a third
Heizungselement (19c) zumindest teilweise angeordnet ist.  Heating element (19c) is arranged at least partially.
4. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, ferner umfassend ein viertes Heizungselement (19d), welches im Wassertank (5) angeordnet ist. 4. Device according to one of the preceding claims, further comprising a fourth heating element (19d) which is arranged in the water tank (5).
5. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, wobei das erste 5. Device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the first
Heizungselement (19a) und/oder das zweite Heizungselement (19b) und/oder das dritte Heizungselement (19c) und/oder das vierte Heizungselement (19d) ein elektrisches Heizungselement und/oder einen hydraulischen Wärmetauscher aufweisen. Heating element (19 a) and / or the second heating element (19 b) and / or the third heating element (19 c) and / or the fourth Heating element (19d) have an electric heating element and / or a hydraulic heat exchanger.
6. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 5, wobei der hydraulische Wärmetauscher eingerichtet ist, Kühlwasser der Brennkraftmaschine (2) zum Auftauen des gefrorenen Wassers zu benutzen. 6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the hydraulic heat exchanger is adapted to use cooling water of the internal combustion engine (2) for thawing the frozen water.
7. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, wobei das 7. Device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the
Förderelement (3) eingerichtet ist, in einem nicht optimalen Betriebspunkt des Förderelements (3) betrieben zu werden, um Wärme zu erzeugen.  Conveying element (3) is adapted to be operated in a non-optimal operating point of the conveying element (3) to generate heat.
8. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, wobei das 8. Device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the
Förderelement (3) eingerichtet ist, bei einer aktiven Wassereinspritzung während des Auftauvorgangs so betrieben zu werden, dass eine  Conveying element (3) is arranged to be operated at an active water injection during the thawing process so that a
Mindestmenge vom aufgetauten Wasser im Wassertank (5) verbleibt.  Minimum amount of thawed water in the water tank (5) remains.
9. Brennkraftmaschine, umfassend eine Wassereinspritzvorrichtung (1 ) nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche. 9. Internal combustion engine, comprising a water injection device (1) according to one of the preceding claims.
10. Brennkraftmaschine nach Anspruch 9, welche eingerichtet ist, mit Benzin und nach dem Otto-Prinzip betrieben zu werden. 10. Internal combustion engine according to claim 9, which is adapted to be operated with gasoline and the Otto principle.
1 1 . Brennkraftmaschine nach Anspruch 9 oder 10, welche eingerichtet ist, mit reduzierter Leistung betrieben zu werden, wenn eine reduzierte zum Einspritzen verfügbare Wassermenge kleiner als eine minimale 1 1. Internal combustion engine according to claim 9 or 10, arranged to be operated at reduced power when a reduced amount of water available for injection is less than a minimum
Wassereinspritzmenge ist.  Water injection quantity is.
12. Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Wassereinspritzvorrichtung (1 ) mit 12. A method for operating a water injection device (1) with
mindestens einem Wasserinjektor (6) und einem Förderelement zum Fördern des Wassers, welches über eine Ansaugleitung (7) und über eine at least one water injector (6) and a conveying element for conveying the water, which via a suction line (7) and via a
Rücklaufleitung (13) mit einem Wassertank (5) verbunden ist, Return line (13) is connected to a water tank (5),
wobei im Wassertank (5) und/oder in der Ansaugleitung (7) befindliches Wasser, welches gefroren ist, durch ein erstes Heizungselement (19a) aufgetaut wird, und das aufgetaute Wasser in der Ansaugleitung (7) über die Rücklaufleitung (13) zurück in den Wassertank (5) gefördert wird. wherein water in the water tank (5) and / or in the suction line (7) which is frozen is thawed by a first heating element (19a), and the thawed water in the suction line (7) returns via the return line (13) the water tank (5) is promoted.
13. Verfahren nach Anspruch 12, wobei das Förderelement (3) in einem nicht optimalen Betriebspunkt des Förderelements (3) betrieben wird, um Wärme zu erzeugen. 13. The method according to claim 12, wherein the conveying element (3) is operated in a non-optimal operating point of the conveying element (3) to generate heat.
14. Verfahren nach Anspruch 12 oder 13, wobei das Förderelement (3) bei einer aktiven Wassereinspritzung während des Auftauvorgangs so betrieben wird, dass eine Mindestmenge vom aufgetauten Wasser im Wassertank (5) verbleibt. 14. The method of claim 12 or 13, wherein the conveying element (3) is operated during an active water injection during the thawing process so that a minimum amount of thawed water in the water tank (5) remains.
EP16716874.9A 2015-05-07 2016-04-18 Water injection device of an internal combustion engine and method for operating such a water injection device Active EP3292287B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE102015208480.9A DE102015208480A1 (en) 2015-05-07 2015-05-07 Water injection device of an internal combustion engine and method for operating such a water injection device
PCT/EP2016/058502 WO2016177557A1 (en) 2015-05-07 2016-04-18 Water injection device of an internal combustion engine and method for operating such a water injection device

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CN107624145B (en) 2020-05-05
CN107624145A (en) 2018-01-23
EP3292287B1 (en) 2021-06-09
WO2016177557A1 (en) 2016-11-10
DE102015208480A1 (en) 2016-11-10

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