EP3288697A1 - Installation d'usinage pour éléments structuraux d'avions - Google Patents

Installation d'usinage pour éléments structuraux d'avions

Info

Publication number
EP3288697A1
EP3288697A1 EP16721751.2A EP16721751A EP3288697A1 EP 3288697 A1 EP3288697 A1 EP 3288697A1 EP 16721751 A EP16721751 A EP 16721751A EP 3288697 A1 EP3288697 A1 EP 3288697A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
frame
tool
workpiece
processing
longitudinal direction
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP16721751.2A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Christian Meiners
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Broetje Automation GmbH
Original Assignee
Broetje Automation GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Broetje Automation GmbH filed Critical Broetje Automation GmbH
Publication of EP3288697A1 publication Critical patent/EP3288697A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J15/00—Riveting
    • B21J15/10—Riveting machines
    • B21J15/14—Riveting machines specially adapted for riveting specific articles, e.g. brake lining machines
    • B21J15/142—Aerospace structures
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B41/00—Boring or drilling machines or devices specially adapted for particular work; Accessories specially adapted therefor
    • B23B41/003—Boring or drilling machines or devices specially adapted for particular work; Accessories specially adapted therefor for drilling elongated pieces, e.g. beams
    • B23B41/006—Boring or drilling machines or devices specially adapted for particular work; Accessories specially adapted therefor for drilling elongated pieces, e.g. beams the machining device being moved along a fixed workpiece
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
    • B23Q1/25—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports
    • B23Q1/44—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms
    • B23Q1/50—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with rotating pairs only, the rotating pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism
    • B23Q1/52—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with rotating pairs only, the rotating pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism a single rotating pair
    • B23Q1/525—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with rotating pairs only, the rotating pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism a single rotating pair which is parallel to the working surface
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64F—GROUND OR AIRCRAFT-CARRIER-DECK INSTALLATIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH AIRCRAFT; DESIGNING, MANUFACTURING, ASSEMBLING, CLEANING, MAINTAINING OR REPAIRING AIRCRAFT, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; HANDLING, TRANSPORTING, TESTING OR INSPECTING AIRCRAFT COMPONENTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B64F5/00—Designing, manufacturing, assembling, cleaning, maintaining or repairing aircraft, not otherwise provided for; Handling, transporting, testing or inspecting aircraft components, not otherwise provided for
    • B64F5/10—Manufacturing or assembling aircraft, e.g. jigs therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B2215/00—Details of workpieces
    • B23B2215/04—Aircraft components

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a processing plant for aircraft structural components according to the preamble of claim 1 and to a method for processing an aircraft structural component with a processing plant according to the invention.
  • No. 8,220,134 B2 describes a machining system for aircraft structural components, in which a riveting unit with an upper tool and a lower tool is arranged in a C-shaped frame.
  • a mounting frame is provided for fixing an aircraft structural component and accommodated at two ends on a respective tower.
  • the clamping frame can be moved separately in height at each end and rotated about a longitudinal axis.
  • the riveting unit in the C-shaped frame can be moved overall in a horizontal X-axis, and the towers can each be moved in a horizontal Y-axis which is perpendicular to the X-axis.
  • a frame is understood to mean any load-bearing and dimensionally stable structure on which a component is held.
  • a frame may comprise several, separate subcomponents.
  • a longitudinal direction, a transverse direction and optionally a vertical direction are defined which are each angled relative to one another.
  • directions are preferably space-stable, invariable directions or axes. In concrete implementations of the invention, these directions are often, but not necessarily, of the fixed axes of a Cartesian system, with the axes oriented at right angles to one another.
  • the longitudinal direction is also referred to as the X-axis, the transverse direction as the Y-axis and the vertical direction as the Z-axis.
  • a workpiece is understood to mean a component of an aircraft structure to be processed by the processing system. In the preferred sense, these are to be riveted light metal components of the aircraft, for example, fuselage, wing or tail parts.
  • a pair of tools with an upper tool and a lower tool is understood in particular to mean any tool in which the upper tool and lower tool must cooperate with the workpiece simultaneously to achieve machining. This results in corresponding requirements for travel paths, mounting and precision of the positioning of the tool pair.
  • a processing system is a computer-controlled system in which the positioning and processing operations are automated by means of electrical, hydraulic or other motors and / or actuators.
  • the tool pair comprises a riveting tool or a combined tool for drilling and riveting.
  • one of the two, in particular the upper tool is designed for feeding a rivet, wherein the respective other, in particular the lower tool, acts as an abutment in the case of a deformation of the rivet.
  • a drilling and riveting tool as it is known in general and from the aforementioned processing equipment.
  • a hole can first be introduced into the workpiece by means of a drilling tool, after which a rivet is introduced into the hole by means of the combined riveting tool and deformed.
  • a pivot bearing or a pivoting of the second frame is generally understood a movement about the pivot axis, in which also a perpendicular to the axis, linear component of motion can be superimposed.
  • a superimposed movement would be realized, for example, if the second frame were moved via a bearing in a non-circularly curved guideway.
  • the pivoting takes place as a simple rotation, wherein the pivot axis is designed as a rotation axis.
  • Such a rotation can be carried out particularly preferably via a simple pivot bearing as a pivot bearing.
  • the second frame is accommodated via the pivot bearing on a lower frame, wherein the lower frame is movable on a guide in the longitudinal direction.
  • This allows a simple and accurate positioning of the tool pair in the longitudinal direction.
  • the workpiece or the first frame could also be designed to be movable in the longitudinal direction.
  • the second frame has a closed around the pair of tools supporting structure, wherein the workpiece engages through an opening encompassed by the support structure opening.
  • the support structure opening may be a rectangular frame act, in which the upper tool and the lower tool are received on opposite sides of the frame.
  • At least one of the two, upper tool or lower tool can be moved in an adjustable manner relative to the second frame in an angled tool direction to the transverse direction.
  • This allows a particularly fast and accurate positioning in the transverse direction.
  • the workpiece or the first frame may be designed to be movable in the transverse direction.
  • the first frame comprises two positioning towers.
  • the positioning towers are separately positionable from one another. Between the positioning towers, the workpiece may be held, wherein it is optionally movable by means of the positioning towers. Separate positioning of the positioning towers allows the system to be adapted to different sizes of workpieces.
  • the positioning towers are stationary in the sense that they are not movable during the machining of a workpiece.
  • the first frame has at least one first receptacle and one second receptacle, which are arranged on two opposite end regions of the workpiece, wherein the first receptacle is adjustably movable in a vertical direction angled to the longitudinal direction and the transverse direction.
  • the workpiece can be positioned at its angle to the tool pair.
  • the first receptacle is adjustably rotatable, wherein the workpiece is rotatable about a workpiece axis by the rotation of the first receptacle.
  • the workpiece axis can in particular extend approximately along a greatest length of the workpiece, as a result of which the rotation about the workpiece axis becomes particularly space-saving.
  • the second recording in the vertical direction is adjustable movable.
  • both a first end and a second end of the workpiece can be moved independently of each other in height, so that both an overall height and an inclination of the workpiece are adjustable about the transverse direction.
  • a length compensation for example in the manner of a Teleskopu- tion, be formed.
  • a clamping frame is connected to the first receptacle and to the second receptacle, wherein the workpiece can be releasably secured to the mounting frame and the mounting frame can be moved by means of the receptacles.
  • This allows a precise clamping and positioning of large and largely arbitrarily shaped workpieces.
  • the workpiece may also be arranged self-supporting between the receptacles.
  • the object of the invention is also achieved by a method for processing an aircraft structural component by means of a processing system according to the invention, comprising the steps:
  • the adaptation of the tool direction or a machining direction when approaching the second machining position can be carried out quickly and easily.
  • the tool direction is preferably aligned perpendicular to the surface at the machining position.
  • the direction of the tool is understood in particular to mean the direction of the flow.
  • FIG. 1 shows an overall view of a processing plant according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of axes, directions and planes of the machining system from FIG. 1 in the machining position shown in FIG. 1, FIG.
  • FIG. 3 shows the schematic illustration of FIG. 2 in a second processing position
  • FIG. 4 shows the schematic illustration from FIG. 2 in a third processing position.
  • the processing system shown in FIG. 1 comprises a first frame 1, which comprises a first positioning tower 2 and a second positioning tower 3. At each of the positioning towers 2, 3 is in each case a receptacle 4, 5 arranged, each of which by means of a controlled drive in the presently vertical and parallel high directions H 1, H 2 are movable.
  • Each of the receptacles 4, 5 is rotatable about a workpiece axis A, the orientation of the workpiece axis A depending on the respective position of the receptacles 4, 5 in the high directions H 1, H 2.
  • a mounting frame 6 is fixed between the receptacles 4, 5, so that the mounting frame 6 can be changed in its spatial orientation by means of the movements of the receptacles 4, 5.
  • a length compensation is provided on one of the receptacles 4, 5 in a known manner.
  • a workpiece (not shown) can be fixed in place by holding members on the mounting frame 6, so that the workpiece is adjustable in space together with the mounting frame 6.
  • a second frame 7 carries a tool pair 8, which comprises an upper tool 9 and a lower tool 10.
  • the pair of tools 8 is designed overall as a combined tool for drilling and riveting.
  • a bore can be introduced into the workpiece by means of the upper tool 9 first.
  • a rivet is then inserted into the bore and deformed.
  • the upper tool 9 and the lower tool 10 are each movable in the second frame 7 in a transverse direction Q, so that an adjustment of a working point can be set substantially over a width of the second frame 7.
  • the second frame 7 has a closed around the tool pair circumferential support structure, wherein the workpiece or the Aufspannrahmen 6 engages through an encompassed by the support structure opening 1 1.
  • the support structure is in the present case as a rectangle of two horizontal beams 12, 13 and two mutually perpendicular supports 14, 15 are formed. In the horizontal supports 12, 13 there are drives for the respective method of upper tool 9 and lower tool 10 in the transverse direction Q.
  • the upper tool 9 and the lower tool 10 can each be moved in an adjustable manner relative to the second frame 7 in a tool direction W angled to the transverse direction Q.
  • the second frame 7 is received on a pivot bearing 16, so that it is pivotable about a pivot axis B.
  • the pivot bearing 16 is designed as a pivot bearing, so that the pivot axis B is a central axis of rotation of the pivot bearing 16.
  • the pivoting of the second frame 7 takes place correspondingly together with the recorded on the second frame 7 tool pair. 8
  • the pivoting of the second frame 7 can be driven in a computer-controlled manner by means of a rotary drive 17. Overall, all movements of the processing system described above and below are operated under computer control.
  • the pivot bearing 16 is supported on a base frame 18, so that the second frame 7 is received on the base frame 18 via the pivot bearing 16. As a result, the second frame 7 is positioned sufficiently high to be able to pivot freely.
  • the underframe 18 is set down on a guide 19 comprising two rails, which extends in a longitudinal direction L which is angled with respect to the transverse direction Q.
  • a guide 19 comprising two rails, which extends in a longitudinal direction L which is angled with respect to the transverse direction Q.
  • the extension of the Ausspannrahmens 6 is in the longitudinal direction L more than twice as large as in the transverse direction Q. Accordingly, the setting of an inclination of the Aufspannrahmens 6 to the transverse direction Q means a large stroke of the receptacles 4, 5 in the vertical direction. This can be limited by appropriate adjustment of the pivot angle of the second frame 7.
  • a workpiece (not shown) is set on the empty chuck 6.
  • the workpiece preferably has a crown which at least partially has a curvature about the transverse direction, so that it is not flat in the longitudinal direction.
  • the position of the tool pair 8 is calibrated relative to the workpiece.
  • a first processing position is approached and the workpiece is processed in this position.
  • the upper tool 9 by means of the upper tool 9 a hole Drilled into the workpiece and inserted a rivet.
  • the rivet is then deformed or closed by cooperation of upper tool 9 and lower tool 10.
  • a second processing position is approached, which is different at least in the longitudinal direction L of the first processing position. Due to the non-flatness of the workpiece in the longitudinal direction L, the second frame 7 is pivoted about the pivot axis B as a function of the surface of the workpiece. As a result, the tool direction W is realigned in its orientation to the surface of the workpiece and in space.
  • the tool direction W is aligned perpendicular to the surface of the workpiece in the machining point. Subsequently, the workpiece is machined in the second machining position and, if appropriate, in further machining positions.
  • FIGS. 2 to 4 are schematically the same position of the processing plant as shown in Fig. 1.
  • FIG. 3 the receptacles 4, 5 were moved differently along the high directions H 1, H 2, so that the clamping frame 6 and thus the workpiece axis A are tilted about the transverse direction Q.
  • the second frame 7 has been pivoted about the pivot axis B, so that the tool direction W is again perpendicular to the Aufspannrahmen 6.
  • the clamping frame 6 has additionally been rotated about the workpiece axis A, wherein the tool direction W is not perpendicular to the clamping frame 6.
  • the angular position of the directions L, Q, and H l or H2 to each other is not necessary, but preferably rectangular. in such a case the directions correspond to a fixed Cartesian system of X, Y and Z directions (see also FIG. 2).
  • the tool direction W in the case of a simple embodiment, this can be present as a direction which can not be fully adjusted.
  • only an optionally small stroke of the upper tool 9 may be provided to switch between two processing points.
  • the lower tool can have no or only a slight stroke, wherein a height adjustment of the workpiece during the change of the processing point by the high directions H 1, H2 takes place.
  • the processing plant comprises a total of six freely movable axes: H l, H 2, A, Q, L and B.
  • both the upper tool 9 and the lower tool 10 can be moved by a larger stroke along the tool direction W, so that the tool direction W is formed as a full-scale adjustment axis for setting the processing point.
  • the overall height of the machining apparatus can thereby be kept small.
  • the first frame 1 basically comprises only a single positioning tower, which holds the first frame 1 at the end. It is also conceivable that two such frames 1 are provided, which are each provided with a single positioning tower. Then it is preferable that the two frames 1 each span a frame surface and that the frame surfaces always lie in a common plane.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Jigs For Machine Tools (AREA)
  • Machine Tool Units (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une installation d'usinage pour éléments structuraux d'avions, comprenant un premier cadre (1) destiné à retenir une pièce, et un deuxième cadre (7) destiné à retenir une paire d'outils (8) constituée d'un outil supérieur (9) et d'un outil inférieur (10) coopérant avec l'outil supérieur, la pièce étant positionnée entre l'outil supérieur (9) et l'outil inférieur (10), le deuxième cadre (7) étant conçu déplaçable par rapport à un support au moins dans une direction longitudinale (L), et la paire d'outils (8) étant reçue dans le deuxième cadre (7) de manière déplaçable dans une direction transversale (Q) inclinée par rapport à la direction longitudinale (L). Selon l'invention, le deuxième cadre (7) est reçu sur au moins un palier pivotant (16), de sorte que le deuxième cadre (7) peut pivoter de manière réglable, conjointement avec la paire d'outils (8), autour d'un axe de pivotement (B).
EP16721751.2A 2015-04-28 2016-04-28 Installation d'usinage pour éléments structuraux d'avions Withdrawn EP3288697A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102015106543.6A DE102015106543A1 (de) 2015-04-28 2015-04-28 Bearbeitungsanlage für Flugzeugstrukturbauteile
PCT/EP2016/059480 WO2016174133A1 (fr) 2015-04-28 2016-04-28 Installation d'usinage pour éléments structuraux d'avions

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3288697A1 true EP3288697A1 (fr) 2018-03-07

Family

ID=55963319

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP16721751.2A Withdrawn EP3288697A1 (fr) 2015-04-28 2016-04-28 Installation d'usinage pour éléments structuraux d'avions

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US20180297107A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP3288697A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102015106543A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2016174133A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102014108629A1 (de) 2014-06-18 2015-12-24 Brötje-Automation GmbH Fertigungssystem
DE102014113663A1 (de) 2014-09-22 2016-03-24 Broetje-Automation Gmbh Bearbeitungsanlage für Flugzeugstrukturbauteile
DE202015104273U1 (de) 2015-08-13 2016-11-15 Brötje-Automation GmbH Bearbeitungsstation
US10557773B2 (en) 2016-05-18 2020-02-11 Jand, Inc. Fixtureless lensmeter system
CN106903495A (zh) * 2017-03-03 2017-06-30 北京工商大学 一种用于大型零件对准装配操作的机器人机构
CN112427684A (zh) * 2020-11-18 2021-03-02 秦培证 一种轨道交通施工用加工装置

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB712624A (en) * 1951-05-10 1954-07-28 Bristol Aeroplane Co Ltd Improvements in riveting machines
US3154979A (en) * 1957-06-07 1964-11-03 Douglas Aircraft Co Inc Metal working machine
US4759109A (en) * 1986-11-13 1988-07-26 Ltv Aerospace & Defense Company Variable angle riveter
US5778505A (en) * 1994-10-04 1998-07-14 Gemcor Engineering Corporation Apparatus for fastening a semi-cylindrical workpiece
US5699599A (en) * 1996-04-04 1997-12-23 Zieve; Peter B. Multiple axis yoke for large scale workpiece assembly systems
US6223413B1 (en) * 1998-01-27 2001-05-01 General Electro Mechanical Corporation Apparatus and method for positioning tooling
US7076856B2 (en) * 2002-11-14 2006-07-18 The Boeing Company Adjustable system and method for supporting and joining structural members
WO2005065864A1 (fr) * 2003-12-30 2005-07-21 Airbus Deutschland Gmbh Dispositif de montage pour relier des segments longitudinaux en forme de cuvette, d'un corps d'enveloppe, par application d'au moins un cordon de liaison longitudinal
FR2865952B1 (fr) * 2004-02-10 2006-06-23 Airbus France Procede et dispositif d'usinage mecanique de panneaux flexibles en particulier de forme complexe
US8220134B2 (en) 2008-06-12 2012-07-17 Gemcor Ii, Llc Flexible fastening machine tool
JP5848012B2 (ja) * 2011-03-03 2016-01-27 三菱重工業株式会社 工作機械
DE102014113663A1 (de) * 2014-09-22 2016-03-24 Broetje-Automation Gmbh Bearbeitungsanlage für Flugzeugstrukturbauteile

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2016174133A1 (fr) 2016-11-03
US20180297107A1 (en) 2018-10-18
DE102015106543A1 (de) 2016-11-03

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