EP3285606B1 - Body protection - Google Patents

Body protection Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3285606B1
EP3285606B1 EP16718346.6A EP16718346A EP3285606B1 EP 3285606 B1 EP3285606 B1 EP 3285606B1 EP 16718346 A EP16718346 A EP 16718346A EP 3285606 B1 EP3285606 B1 EP 3285606B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
base
equal
protuberances
structure according
central axis
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EP16718346.6A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3285606A1 (en
Inventor
Gerhard Karall
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Hg3 Sarl
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Hg3 Sarl
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Priority to PL16718346T priority Critical patent/PL3285606T3/en
Publication of EP3285606A1 publication Critical patent/EP3285606A1/en
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41—WEARING APPAREL
    • A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
    • A41D13/00—Professional, industrial or sporting protective garments, e.g. surgeons' gowns or garments protecting against blows or punches
    • A41D13/015—Professional, industrial or sporting protective garments, e.g. surgeons' gowns or garments protecting against blows or punches with shock-absorbing means
    • A41D13/0156—Professional, industrial or sporting protective garments, e.g. surgeons' gowns or garments protecting against blows or punches with shock-absorbing means having projecting patterns
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41—WEARING APPAREL
    • A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
    • A41D13/00—Professional, industrial or sporting protective garments, e.g. surgeons' gowns or garments protecting against blows or punches
    • A41D13/015—Professional, industrial or sporting protective garments, e.g. surgeons' gowns or garments protecting against blows or punches with shock-absorbing means
    • A41D13/0158—Professional, industrial or sporting protective garments, e.g. surgeons' gowns or garments protecting against blows or punches with shock-absorbing means having ventilation features
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41—WEARING APPAREL
    • A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
    • A41D31/00—Materials specially adapted for outerwear
    • A41D31/04—Materials specially adapted for outerwear characterised by special function or use
    • A41D31/28—Shock absorbing

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical field of body protection and more particularly to the technical field of structures for absorbing and / or dissipating mechanical shocks, that of body protectors and that of protective clothing.
  • body protector is generally understood to mean an arrangement of materials absorbing and / or dissipating the energy generated during an impact in order to confer a certain protection on the part of the body situated opposite the protection under normal conditions. use. This energy absorbing and / or dissipating material can be structured or not.
  • Such body protectors are generally incorporated into protective clothing worn during the exercise of a given activity, and particularly in areas of the body which should be protected against mechanical shock. Examples of these areas are the shoulders, elbows, forearms, hips, knees, upper shins, mid shins, lower shins, entire shins, back or head.
  • body protectors must generally be made of a material capable of absorbing and / or dissipating the forces generated during a mechanical shock. However, other criteria must also be considered in order to offer body protectors that are comfortable to wear. Thus, body protectors should be flexible so that they can adapt to the shape of the part of the body to be protected, in particular the joints, that they allow the movement of the wearer, that they are light, and that they are breathable.
  • the protective element described in this document includes a base and protrusions, each of the protrusions extending from and normally from the base.
  • the protrusions also have a through hole.
  • Each of the protrusions is either a solid of revolution about a central axis (that is to say that the outer wall and the inner wall of the protrusions are straight cylinders with circular base), or a solid with rotational symmetry of order 6 at regular hexagonal base.
  • the base is here non-ventilated, that is to say that apart from the orifices passing through protuberances, there are no other orifices present in the material. Due to the presence of through holes, the protective element and the body protector have a certain breathability, but it would be advantageous to be able to make the material even more breathable while retaining the impact resistance properties.
  • Such a protective element should preferably be both sufficiently absorbent and / or dissipative, sufficiently breathable, sufficiently light, sufficiently flexible, sufficiently resistant to high and low temperatures, and sufficiently comfortable.
  • This structure is sufficiently ventilated while imparting satisfactory mechanical properties of impact resistance.
  • aerated base here is meant a base having orifices other than in front of the possible orifices of the protrusions. So the basis of the structure of the document protection element EP 2399470 is not ventilated within the meaning of the present invention while that visible on the figures 1 to 4 attached is airy. In the examples illustrated in these latter figures, the airy nature of the base is given in particular by the spaces between the connectors. Furthermore, the fact that it is specified that the connectors form the aerated base makes it clear that the base consists only of connectors.
  • base surface is always understood the surface of the aerated base from which the protrusions extend.
  • normal and its derivatives here take on their geometric meaning. Thus, throughout this presentation, when a relation of normality is mentioned in relation to the base surface, it should be understood that this relation is contemplated at the place considered and that the term “normal” means "perpendicular" to the tangent plane of the base surface at the point considered. For example, the central axis of a protuberance is said to be normal to the base surface when, at the place where the central axis of the protuberance is located, this is perpendicular to the tangent of the base surface to this place.
  • the base surface can be flat, in which case the notions of normality and perpendicularity merge.
  • the base surface can be curved to conform to the contours of the part of the wearer's body against which the structure is applied in order to protect this part of the body.
  • the structure has a breathability of 10 to 70%, preferably of 18.5 to 58.5%, preferably of 20 to 52.5%, preferably of 26.5 to 46.5%, preferably of approximately 35%. This ensures sufficient ventilation of the structure, making it more pleasant to wear the body protector, as well as wearing the protective clothing in which the protector is provided, even during intense physical activity.
  • Breathability is defined at the base surface and corresponds to the percentage of the area of the base surface corresponding to a vacuum in relation to the total area of the base surface.
  • the structure has a Shore A hardness of 5 to 90, preferably of 11.5 to 68.5, preferably of 18.5 to 46.5, preferably of approximately 25.
  • the structure particularly fulfills the conditions to meet performance level 2 of standard EN 1621-1: 2013 and / or performance level 1 of standard EN1621-2: 2014.
  • Shore A hardness is measured with a durometer in accordance with DIN 53505: 2009.
  • the ratio between the height of the protrusions and the thickness of the aerated base is from 6 to 17, preferably from 6.5 to 8.5, preferably from 6 to 8, preferably around 7.5. This ratio guarantees at the same time the lightness, the breathability and the mechanical resistance properties of the structure.
  • the height of the protrusions corresponds to the height taken from the base surface of the aerated base from which the protrusions extend to the free ends of the protrusions and parallel to the central axis of the protrusions. If the free end of the protrusions is not parallel to the base surface, the most distant level will be considered.
  • the thickness of the ventilated base is the thickness of the connectors (see below).
  • the connectors preferably have a cylindrical shape, the director of the cylinder being collinear with the base surface.
  • they can have a strip shape whose surfaces are planar (cylindrical with rectangular base).
  • the connectors have a non-cylindrical shape, such as a curved or hollowed strip shape.
  • the surface of the strips has a flat central part and two external parts inclined with respect to the central part so that the section of the connector collinear with the director and perpendicular to the base surface decreases as one moves away of the central part.
  • the cylinder can also be circular, or polygonal (preferably regularly polygonal such as square or hexagonal).
  • the connectors advantageously form a mesh of which at least part of the nodes, even all of the nodes, are occupied by a protuberance.
  • the mesh is homogeneous, that is to say a mesh formed of a repeating pattern. More preferably, the mesh can be regular, that is to say that the pattern is a regular polygon.
  • the pattern can be formed by 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8 connectors.
  • the connectors have a length of 0.01 to 25 mm, preferably from 0.50 to 17.5 mm, preferably from 1.0 mm to 9.5 mm, preferably 1.7 mm.
  • the length of a connector is measured parallel to the base surface and between the outer walls of the protrusions that the connector connects directly and physically.
  • the outer wall of the protrusions can be curved, so take the shortest length.
  • the connectors have a thickness of 0.1 to 1.4mm, preferably 0.35 to 1.2mm, preferably 0.55 to 1.0mm, preferably approximately 0.80mm.
  • the thickness of the connectors which is also the thickness of the ventilated base, is normally measured at the base surface.
  • the thickness of the connectors is not necessarily constant over the entire surface of the connectors, in such a case, “thickness” should be understood to mean the maximum thickness.
  • thickness should be understood to mean the maximum thickness.
  • the connectors have a width of 0.3 to 25 mm, preferably 1.2 to 17.5 mm, preferably 2.0 to 10.5 mm, preferably approximately 3.0 mm.
  • the ratio between the equivalent external diameter of the protrusions taken at the level of the base surface and the distance between the central axes of two neighboring protrusions is from 0.65 to 1.5, preferably from 0.76 to 0 , 93, preferably 0.8 to 0.89, preferably approximately 0.85. Such a ratio ensures optimal flexibility of the structure without loss of mechanical properties conferring protection.
  • the equivalent external diameter corresponds to the diameter of a circle in which the external wall of the protuberance, taken perpendicular to the central axis, is inscribed with a maximum of common points between the circle and the external wall of the protuberance.
  • the distance between two neighboring protrusions is 6 to 60 mm, preferably 7.5 to 43.5 mm, preferably 9.5 to 27.5 mm, preferably about 11 mm.
  • the distance between two neighboring protrusions is taken between the central axes of these protrusions and parallel to the base surface.
  • the protrusions are all present on the same side of the ventilated base.
  • the protrusions are present on either side of the aerated base, preferably the central axes of the protrusions on one side of the ventilated base are aligned with those of the protrusions on the other side of the ventilated base.
  • the central axes of the protrusions on one side of the aerated base are staggered relative to those of the protrusions on the other side of the aerated base.
  • the protrusions are present on both sides of the aerated base, the latter then has two base surfaces.
  • the base surface to be contemplated is that from which the protuberance considered extends.
  • each protuberance having an outer wall has a symmetry of revolution about the central axis.
  • the outer wall can be superimposed on its image by rotation around the central axis with an angle of 360 ° / n where n is an integer strictly greater than 1, preferably strictly greater than 2, preferably from 2 to 10, preferably from 3 to 10, preferably from 4 to 8, preferably from 5 to 7, preferably 6.
  • the cross section of the outer wall is a regular polygon comprising 3 to 10 vertices, preferably 4 to 8 , preferably 5 to 7, preferably 6.
  • the equivalent outside diameter of the protrusions is constant from the aerated base.
  • the protrusions are straight cylinders (mathematical sense).
  • the equivalent external diameter of the protrusions decreases linearly from the aerated base with an angle greater than 0 ° and less than or equal to 30 °, preferably greater than 2 ° and less than or equal to 15 °, preferably greater than 4 ° and less than or equal to 8 °, preferably approximately equal to 6 °.
  • the 6 ° angle is particularly studied to allow an easy demoulding of the structure of its mold.
  • the equivalent outside diameter at the level of the base surface is from 3 to 25 mm, preferably from 5 to 20 mm, preferably from 7 to 14 mm, preferably about 9.5 mm.
  • each of the protrusions is traversed by a through orifice extending along the central axis and defining an interior wall of the protuberance. This both increases the breathability of the structure and improves the lightness.
  • the orifice is not through but blind on the side of the ventilated base which improves the lightness of the structure without modifying its breathability.
  • the internal wall has a symmetry of revolution around the central axis.
  • the interior wall can be superimposed on its image by rotation around the central axis of angle 360 ° / n where n is an integer strictly greater than 1, preferably strictly greater than 2, preferably from 2 to 10, preferably by 3 to 10, preferably 4 to 8, preferably 5 to 7, preferably 6.
  • the cross section of the interior wall is a regular polygon comprising 3 to 10 vertices, preferably 4 to 8, preferably 5 to 7, preferably 6.
  • the cross section of the outer wall is also a regular polygon, it preferably has the same shape as the cross section of the inner wall and the vertices of these polygons are angularly aligned.
  • the equivalent internal diameter of the protrusions is constant from the aerated base.
  • the equivalent internal diameter corresponds to the diameter of a circle in which the internal wall of the protuberance, taken perpendicular to the central axis, is inscribed with a maximum of common points between the circle and the internal wall of the protuberance.
  • the equivalent internal diameter of the protrusions decreases linearly from the base surface with an angle greater than 0 ° and less than or equal to 30 °, preferably greater than 2 ° and less than or equal to 15 °, preferably greater than 4 ° and less than or equal to 8 °, preferably approximately equal to 6 °.
  • the equivalent internal diameter of the protrusions increases linearly from the base surface with an angle greater than 0 ° and less than or equal to 30 °, preferably greater than 2 ° and less than or equal to 15 °, preferably greater than 4 ° and less than or equal to 8 °, preferably approximately equal to 6 °.
  • An angle of 6 ° is particularly studied to allow an easy demoulding of the structure of its mold.
  • the thickness of the protrusion is defined by the difference between the equivalent internal diameter and the equivalent external diameter of the protrusion at the base surface.
  • the thickness of the protrusion is 0.5 to 10 mm, preferably 0.65 to 7 mm, preferably 0.85 to 4 mm, preferably about 1 mm.
  • the height of the protrusions is 2 to 8.5 mm, preferably 3.5 to 7.5 mm, preferably 4.5 to 6.5 mm, preferably approximately 6 mm.
  • the protrusions are preferably distributed according to a regular mesh, for example according to a square mesh (each of the protrusions having four neighbors) or regular triangular (each of the protrusions having six neighbors). Therefore, the connectors are the same length.
  • the structure is preferably made of a flexible material.
  • flexible is meant a material whose overall shape can be modified in order to conform more to the shape of the part of the body facing which it is arranged.
  • the flexible material is preferably a viscoelastic material, preferably with a glass transition temperature Tg of between -20 and 50 ° C, preferably between 0 and 40 ° C, preferably between 15 and 25 ° C.
  • the glass transition temperature Tg can be obtained by dynamic mechanical analysis using the METRAVIB instrument, type DMA +450 from ACOEM.
  • the amounts of the compounds entering into the composition of the viscoelastic material are expressed by weight relative to the total weight of the viscoelastic material.
  • the major constituent of the viscoelastic material is a polymer such as polynorbornene, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), chlorobutyl rubber (in English chlorobutyl rubber ) and their mixtures, preferably polynorbornene alone or a mixture of polynorbornene with at least one other of the polymers mentioned above.
  • PVC polyvinyl chloride
  • EVA ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer
  • chlorobutyl rubber in English chlorobutyl rubber
  • the viscoelastic material can advantageously comprise from 27 to 55% of polynorbornene, preferably from 40 to 50%, preferably from 42 to 48%, preferably about 45%.
  • the viscoelastic material may also include a plasticizer such as an oil.
  • a plasticizer such as an oil.
  • Aromatic oils are preferred but it is also possible to use a paraffinic oil (PA), a naphthenic oil (HNA), a silicone oil or C9 resins (in particular those supplied by Konimpex under the name "Hydrocarbon C9").
  • PA paraffinic oil
  • HNA naphthenic oil
  • C9 resins in particular those supplied by Konimpex under the name "Hydrocarbon C9"
  • the viscoelastic material advantageously comprises from 33 to 50% of plasticizer, preferably from 37 to 45%, preferably from 39 to 43% by weight, preferably around 40%.
  • the viscoelastic material can also comprise a bulking agent such as silica powder, kaolin, aluminum oxide (Al (OH) 3 ), stearic acid or a mixture of these.
  • the viscoelastic material advantageously comprises from 4 to 8% of bulking agent, preferably from 5 to 7%, preferably from 5.5 to 6.5%, preferably around 6%.
  • the viscoelastic material may also include other compounds such as a preservative, an antioxidant, an anti-UV agent, an anti-scratch agent, a vulcanizing agent, a vulcanization accelerator and a coloring agent.
  • preservatives examples include aluminum hydroxide (Al (OH) 3 ), metal oxides such as zinc oxide (ZnO) or titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ), ethylene vinyl acetate ( EVA), and an ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM).
  • Al (OH) 3 metal oxides such as zinc oxide (ZnO) or titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ), ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), and an ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM).
  • metal oxides such as zinc oxide (ZnO) or titanium dioxide (TiO 2 )
  • EVA ethylene vinyl acetate
  • EPDM ethylene propylene diene monomer
  • the viscoelastic material can also be free of preservative.
  • antioxidants examples include phenolic antioxidants (e.g. 2,6 di-ter-butyl-4-methyl phenol), phenyl-p-phenylene diamine and its derivatives such as N- (1,3 diamine -dimethylbutyl) -N'-phenyl-p-phenylene (6PPD); the preferred antioxidants being phenyl-p-phenylene diamine and 6PPD.
  • phenolic antioxidants e.g. 2,6 di-ter-butyl-4-methyl phenol
  • phenyl-p-phenylene diamine and its derivatives such as N- (1,3 diamine -dimethylbutyl) -N'-phenyl-p-phenylene (6PPD); the preferred antioxidants being phenyl-p-phenylene diamine and 6PPD.
  • anti-UV agents examples include paraffinic waxes and metal oxides such as zinc oxide (ZnO) or titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ).
  • An example of an anti-scratch agent is N- (cyclohexylthio) -phthalmide.
  • vulcanizing agents are sulfur and di (benzothiazol-2-yl) disulfide (MBTS).
  • vulcanization accelerators examples include titanium dioxide (TiO2), N-cyclohexyl-2-benzothiazole sulphenamide (CBS), bis (N, N-dimethylthiocarbamyl) disulfide, stearic acid, mixtures of accelerators such as Deovulc EG 3 which is a synergistic combination of highly active accelerators containing ethylenethiourea, available from DOG Deutsche Oelfabrik and King Industries, Inc., and metal oxides such as zinc oxide (ZnO) or titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ), preferably stearic acid or mixtures of accelerators such as Deovulc EG 3.
  • coloring agents are preferably organic and inorganic pigments such as iron oxides (such as yellow or red oxides), titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ), zinc oxide (ZnO) or carbon black .
  • the structure for absorbing and / or dissipating mechanical shocks can be entirely homogeneous, that is to say that these connectors and protuberances are regularly arranged over the whole of the structure forming a single pattern and that the structure of absorption and / or dissipation of mechanical shock is carried out in a single material.
  • the absorption and / or dissipation structure includes several different areas. These zones can differ from one another either by at least one dimension of one of its elements (connectors, protrusions), or by the material used for shaping the zones, or at the same time by at least one dimension of one of its elements and by the material used for shaping the zones.
  • the invention also relates to a body protector at least partially produced using the structure for absorbing and / or dissipating mechanical shock described above.
  • body protector means an adequately dimensioned structure for absorbing and / or dissipating mechanical shock or an arrangement of such structures adequately dimensioned in order to provide a certain protection to the part of the body situated opposite the protection under normal conditions of use.
  • the body protector is made entirely using the structure for absorbing and / or dissipating mechanical shock as described above.
  • Examples of embodiment of body protector as to their form are those presented in standards EN 1621-1: 2013 and EN 1621-2: 2014 relating to protective clothing against mechanical shock for motorcyclists.
  • the body protector may be generally planar, that is to say that the aerated base of the structure for absorbing and / or dissipating thermal shock the component is itself planar.
  • the body protector when it is integrated into a protective garment, the body protector is folded, the free ends of the protrusions moving towards or away from each other.
  • it may have cutouts generally having the shape of a V, the point being directed towards the inside of the protector and the diagonals extending to the edge of the protector.
  • the diagonals of the V can be straight or curved. In the case where the diagonals of the V are curved, they are curved on the same side.
  • the diagonals of the V are brought together and then generally sealed to each other for example by gluing or welding, the protector then forming a dome to generally accommodate the head or a joint such as the shoulder, the elbow or knee.
  • a small circular cutout can be provided at the tip of the V to facilitate the folding of the body protector at this point.
  • a circular cutout with a diameter of less than 5 mm is included here.
  • the body protector can also be curved, that is to say that prior to its incorporation into protective clothing, it does not need to be folded: it already has the right curvatures adapted to the part of the body to be protect.
  • the structure for absorbing and / or dissipating mechanical shock is shaped directly in the final form of use of the body protector.
  • the body protector in particular satisfies at least performance level 1 of standard EN 1621-1: 2013 or of standard EN 1621-2: 2014, preferably performance level 2.
  • the body protector satisfies level of performance 2 of EN1621-1: 2013 and performance level 1 of EN1621-2: 2014.
  • the invention also relates to a protective garment comprising a body protector as described above.
  • Structure 1 is homogeneous.
  • This structure 1 for absorbing and / or dissipating mechanical shocks comprises connectors 2 forming a flat aerated base B having a base surface.
  • the connectors have a strip shape whose surfaces are flat and are the same length.
  • the structure 1 for absorbing and / or dissipating mechanical shocks also includes protrusions 3, each of the protrusions comprising a central axis AA along which it extends from the aerated base B, the central axis AA being normal to the base surface.
  • the protrusions 3 are present on one side of the ventilated base B.
  • Each protrusion 3 has an outer wall 31, the outer wall 31 having a symmetry of revolution about the central axis.
  • Each of the protrusions 3 is crossed by a through orifice 32 extending along the central axis AA and defining an inner wall 33 of the protrusion 3.
  • the inner wall 33 has a symmetry of revolution about the central axis AA.
  • the protrusions 3 are distributed according to a regular triangular mesh, that is to say that each of the protuberances has six neighbors and the central axes of the neighbors draw a regular hexagon.
  • Structure 1 is homogeneous.
  • This structure 1 for absorbing and / or dissipating mechanical shocks comprises connectors 2 forming a flat aerated base B having a base surface.
  • the connectors have a strip shape whose surfaces are flat and are the same length.
  • the structure 1 for absorbing and / or dissipating mechanical shocks also includes protrusions 3, each of the protrusions comprising a central axis AA along which it extends from the aerated base B, the central axis AA being normal to the base surface.
  • the protrusions 3 are present on one side of the ventilated base B.
  • Each protrusion 3 has an outer wall 31, the cross section of the outer wall 31 being a regular polygon having 6 vertices (regular hexagonal polygon).
  • Each of the protrusions 3 is crossed by a through orifice 32 extending along the central axis AA and defining an inner wall 33 of the protrusion 3.
  • the cross section of the inner wall 33 is a regular polygon having 6 vertices.
  • the vertices of the regular polygons forming the cross section of the outer and inner walls are angularly aligned.
  • the protrusions 3 are distributed in a regular triangular mesh, that is to say that each of the protrusions has six neighbors and the central axes of the neighbors draw a regular hexagon.
  • the figure 3 presents an example of a cut perpendicular to the aerated base for the examples of structures for absorption and / or dissipation of mechanical shocks Figures 1 and 2 .
  • the equivalent external diameter D e of the protrusions 3 decreases linearly from the aerated base B with an angle of 6 ° while the equivalent internal diameter D i of the protrusions 3 increases linearly from the aerated base B with an angle of 6 °.
  • Table 2 gives an example of composition for the material of the mechanical shock absorption and / or dissipation structure. The amounts are expressed as a percentage by weight relative to the total composition. ⁇ i> Table 2 ⁇ /i> polynorbornene 45% Oils 40% Silica 6% Anti-scratch agent 1% Vulcanizing agent (sulfur) 1% Vulcanization accelerator 1% Coloring agent 1% Stearic acid ⁇ 1% antioxidant ⁇ 1% Anti-UV agent (wax) ⁇ 1% The total is not 100% given the approximations.
  • the mechanical shock absorption and / or dissipation structure with one of the configurations of the Figures 1 to 5 and having the composition of table 2 has a breathability of approximately 35% and a Shore A hardness of approximately 25. This structure makes it possible to achieve performance level 2 for standard EN 1621-1 and level 1 for standard EN 1621-2.
  • the body protector 10 can be defined simply using three parameters: two radii r 1 , r 2 and a length / . It comprises three parts centered on a longitudinal axis BB which is also an axis of symmetry of the body protector 10.
  • a first extremal part 11 has the shape of a semicircle of radius r 1 and a second extremal part 12 has the shape of 'a semicircle of radius r 2 .
  • the two extreme parts 11, 12 are connected to each other by a central part 13 of trapezoidal shape and having for axis of symmetry the longitudinal axis BB and a height / .
  • Such a shape can be used to protect the following body parts: shoulder (S); elbow and forearm (E); hip (H); knee and upper shin (K); knee, upper and middle of the tibia (K + L); lower tibia (L).
  • Table 3 presents the minimum dimensions of the three parameters according to standard EN1621-1: 2013. ⁇ i> Table 3 ⁇ /i> Type Small model Big model r 1 r 2 l r 1 r 2 l S 55 32 64 70 40 80 E 45 24 118 50 30 150 K 55 24 100 70 30 130 H 35 26 70 44 33 88 The 32 24 64 40 30 80 K + L 55 24 185 70 30 240

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
  • Professional, Industrial, Or Sporting Protective Garments (AREA)

Description

La présente invention concerne le domaine technique de la protection corporelle et plus particulièrement le domaine technique des structures d'absorption et/ou de dissipation de chocs mécaniques, celui des protecteurs corporels et celui des vêtements de protection.The present invention relates to the technical field of body protection and more particularly to the technical field of structures for absorbing and / or dissipating mechanical shocks, that of body protectors and that of protective clothing.

On entend généralement par les termes de « protecteur corporel » un agencement de matériaux absorbant et/ou dissipant l'énergie engendrée lors d'un impact afin de conférer une certaine protection à la partie du corps située en face de la protection dans les conditions normales d'utilisation. Ce matériau absorbant et/ou dissipant l'énergie peut être structuré ou non.The term “body protector” is generally understood to mean an arrangement of materials absorbing and / or dissipating the energy generated during an impact in order to confer a certain protection on the part of the body situated opposite the protection under normal conditions. use. This energy absorbing and / or dissipating material can be structured or not.

De tels protecteurs corporels sont généralement incorporés dans des vêtements de protection portés lors de l'exercice d'une activité donnée, et particulièrement au niveau de zones du corps qu'il convient de protéger contre des chocs mécaniques. Des exemples de ces zones sont les épaules, les coudes, les avant-bras, les hanches, les genoux, le haut des tibias, le milieu des tibias, le bas des tibias, l'intégralité du tibia, le dos ou la tête.Such body protectors are generally incorporated into protective clothing worn during the exercise of a given activity, and particularly in areas of the body which should be protected against mechanical shock. Examples of these areas are the shoulders, elbows, forearms, hips, knees, upper shins, mid shins, lower shins, entire shins, back or head.

Des exemples de tels protecteurs corporels sont présentés dans les normes EN1621-1 : 2013 et EN1621-2 : 2014 relatives aux vêtements de protection contre les chocs mécaniques pour motocyclistes.Examples of such body protectors are presented in standards EN1621-1: 2013 and EN1621-2: 2014 relating to protective clothing against mechanical shock for motorcyclists.

Ces protecteurs corporels doivent généralement être réalisés dans un matériau pouvant absorber et/ou dissiper les forces engendrées lors d'un choc mécanique. Cependant, d'autres critères doivent être également considérés afin d'offrir des protecteurs corporels agréables à porter. Ainsi, il convient que les protecteurs corporels soient flexibles afin de pouvoir s'adapter à la forme de la partie du corps à protéger, notamment les articulations, qu'ils permettent le mouvement du porteur, qu'ils soient légers, et qu'ils soient respirant.These body protectors must generally be made of a material capable of absorbing and / or dissipating the forces generated during a mechanical shock. However, other criteria must also be considered in order to offer body protectors that are comfortable to wear. Thus, body protectors should be flexible so that they can adapt to the shape of the part of the body to be protected, in particular the joints, that they allow the movement of the wearer, that they are light, and that they are breathable.

Un exemple plus particulier est présenté par exemple dans le document EP 2399470 . L'élément de protection décrit dans ce document comprend une base et des protubérances, chacune des protubérances s'étendant à partir de la base et normalement à celle-ci. Les protubérances présentent également un orifice traversant.A more specific example is presented for example in the document EP 2399470 . The protective element described in this document includes a base and protrusions, each of the protrusions extending from and normally from the base. The protrusions also have a through hole.

Chacune des protubérances est soit un solide de révolution autour d'un axe central (c'est-à-dire que la paroi extérieure et la paroi intérieure des protubérances sont des cylindres droits à base circulaire), soit un solide à symétrie rotationnelle d'ordre 6 à base hexagonale régulière. La base est ici non-aérée, c'est-à-dire qu'en dehors des orifices traversant des protubérances, il n'y a pas d'autres orifices présents dans le matériau. Du fait de la présence d'orifices traversant, l'élément de protection et le protecteur corporel, présentent une certaine respirabilité, mais il serait intéressant de pouvoir rendre le matériau encore plus respirant tout en conservant les propriétés de résistance aux chocs.Each of the protrusions is either a solid of revolution about a central axis (that is to say that the outer wall and the inner wall of the protrusions are straight cylinders with circular base), or a solid with rotational symmetry of order 6 at regular hexagonal base. The base is here non-ventilated, that is to say that apart from the orifices passing through protuberances, there are no other orifices present in the material. Due to the presence of through holes, the protective element and the body protector have a certain breathability, but it would be advantageous to be able to make the material even more breathable while retaining the impact resistance properties.

Une autre solution serait de réaliser des filets en élastomère tels que ceux décrits dans WO99/56570 , mais selon les connaissances actuelles, de tels filets ne présentent pas de résistance aux chocs suffisante dans les conditions dictées par les normes, notamment celles mentionnées ci-dessus. Le document US2011/296594 divulgue une structure d'absorption pour protection corporelle selon le préambule de la revendication 1.Another solution would be to make elastomeric nets such as those described in WO99 / 56570 , but according to current knowledge, such nets do not have sufficient impact resistance under the conditions dictated by the standards, in particular those mentioned above. The document US2011 / 296594 discloses an absorption structure for body protection according to the preamble of claim 1.

Ainsi, le besoin d'un élément de protection absorbant et/ou dissipant les chocs mécaniques est toujours présent. Un tel élément de protection devrait préférablement être à la fois suffisamment absorbant et/ou dissipant, suffisamment respirant, suffisamment léger, suffisamment flexible, suffisamment résistant à haute et basse température, et suffisamment confortable.Thus, the need for a protective element absorbing and / or dissipating mechanical shock is always present. Such a protective element should preferably be both sufficiently absorbent and / or dissipative, sufficiently breathable, sufficiently light, sufficiently flexible, sufficiently resistant to high and low temperatures, and sufficiently comfortable.

Ce n'est qu'après de longs errements et d'explorations infructueuses que les présents auteurs ont réussi à obtenir un élément de protection satisfaisant.It was only after long wanderings and fruitless explorations that the present authors succeeded in obtaining a satisfactory element of protection.

Ainsi, la présente invention concerne un élément de protection sous forme d'une structure d'absorption et/ou dissipation de chocs mécaniques comprenant :

  • des connecteurs formant une base aérée présentant une surface de base ; et
  • des protubérances, chacune des protubérances comprenant un axe central suivant lequel elle s'étend à partir de la base aérée, l'axe central étant normal à la surface de base, deux protubérances voisines étant reliées l'une à l'autre par un connecteur.
Thus, the present invention relates to a protective element in the form of an absorption and / or dissipation structure for mechanical shock comprising:
  • connectors forming an airy base having a base surface; and
  • protrusions, each of the protrusions comprising a central axis along which it extends from the aerated base, the central axis being normal to the base surface, two neighboring protrusions being connected to each other by a connector .

Cette structure est suffisamment aérée tout en conférant des propriétés mécaniques de résistance aux chocs satisfaisants.This structure is sufficiently ventilated while imparting satisfactory mechanical properties of impact resistance.

Par les termes de « base aérée », on entend ici une base présentant des orifices autre part qu'en face des orifices éventuels des protubérances. Ainsi, la base de la structure de l'élément de protection du document EP 2399470 n'est pas aérée au sens de la présente invention alors que celle visible sur les figures 1 à 4 annexées est aérée. Dans les exemples illustrés sur ces dernières figures, le caractère aéré de la base est conféré notamment par les espaces entre les connecteurs. Par ailleurs, le fait qu'il est précisé que les connecteurs forment la base aérée rend clair le fait que la base n'est constituée que des connecteurs.By the terms "aerated base" here is meant a base having orifices other than in front of the possible orifices of the protrusions. So the basis of the structure of the document protection element EP 2399470 is not ventilated within the meaning of the present invention while that visible on the figures 1 to 4 attached is airy. In the examples illustrated in these latter figures, the airy nature of the base is given in particular by the spaces between the connectors. Furthermore, the fact that it is specified that the connectors form the aerated base makes it clear that the base consists only of connectors.

Par le terme de « surface de base » il est toujours compris la surface de la base aérée à partir de laquelle s'étendent les protubérances.By the term "base surface" is always understood the surface of the aerated base from which the protrusions extend.

Le terme « normal » et ses dérivés prennent ici leur signification géométrique. Ainsi, dans l'ensemble du présent exposé, quand une relation de normalité est mentionnée par rapport à la surface de base, il convient de comprendre que cette relation est contemplée à l'endroit considéré et que le terme « normal » signifie « perpendiculaire » au plan tangent de la surface de base à l'endroit considéré. Par exemple, l'axe central d'une protubérance est dit normal à la surface de base quand, à l'endroit où l'axe central de la protubérance est situé, celui-ci est perpendiculaire à la tangente de la surface de base à cet endroit.The term "normal" and its derivatives here take on their geometric meaning. Thus, throughout this presentation, when a relation of normality is mentioned in relation to the base surface, it should be understood that this relation is contemplated at the place considered and that the term "normal" means "perpendicular" to the tangent plane of the base surface at the point considered. For example, the central axis of a protuberance is said to be normal to the base surface when, at the place where the central axis of the protuberance is located, this is perpendicular to the tangent of the base surface to this place.

La surface de base peut être plane, auquel cas les notions de normalité et de perpendicularité se confondent. La surface de base peut être courbe afin d'épouser les contours de la partie du corps du porteur contre laquelle la structure est appliquée afin de protéger cette partie du corps.The base surface can be flat, in which case the notions of normality and perpendicularity merge. The base surface can be curved to conform to the contours of the part of the wearer's body against which the structure is applied in order to protect this part of the body.

De préférence, la structure présente une respirabilité de 10 à 70 %, préférablement de 18,5 à 58,5 %, préférablement de 20 à 52.5 %, préférablement de 26,5 à 46,5 %, préférablement d'environ 35 %. Ceci permet d'assurer une aération suffisante de la structure, rendant plus agréable le port du protecteur corporel, ainsi que le port du vêtement de protection dans lequel est prévu le protecteur, même lors d'activité physique intense.Preferably, the structure has a breathability of 10 to 70%, preferably of 18.5 to 58.5%, preferably of 20 to 52.5%, preferably of 26.5 to 46.5%, preferably of approximately 35%. This ensures sufficient ventilation of the structure, making it more pleasant to wear the body protector, as well as wearing the protective clothing in which the protector is provided, even during intense physical activity.

La respirabilité est définie au niveau de la surface de base et correspond au pourcentage de l'aire de la surface de base correspondant à un vide par rapport à l'aire totale de la surface de base.Breathability is defined at the base surface and corresponds to the percentage of the area of the base surface corresponding to a vacuum in relation to the total area of the base surface.

En outre ou alternativement, la structure présente une dureté Shore A de 5 à 90, préférablement de 11,5 à 68,5, préférablement de 18,5 à 46,5, préférablement d'environ 25. Ainsi, la structure remplit particulièrement les conditions pour répondre au niveau de performance 2 de la norme EN 1621-1 : 2013 et/ou au niveau de performance 1 de la norme EN1621-2 : 2014.In addition or alternatively, the structure has a Shore A hardness of 5 to 90, preferably of 11.5 to 68.5, preferably of 18.5 to 46.5, preferably of approximately 25. Thus, the structure particularly fulfills the conditions to meet performance level 2 of standard EN 1621-1: 2013 and / or performance level 1 of standard EN1621-2: 2014.

La dureté Shore A est mesurée avec un duromètre conformément à la norme DIN 53505 : 2009.Shore A hardness is measured with a durometer in accordance with DIN 53505: 2009.

En outre ou alternativement, le ratio entre la hauteur des protubérances et l'épaisseur de la base aérée est de 6 à 17, préférablement de 6,5 à 8,5, préférablement de 6 à 8, préférablement environ 7,5. Ce ratio garantit à la fois la légèreté, la respirabilité et les propriétés de résistance mécanique de la structure.In addition or alternatively, the ratio between the height of the protrusions and the thickness of the aerated base is from 6 to 17, preferably from 6.5 to 8.5, preferably from 6 to 8, preferably around 7.5. This ratio guarantees at the same time the lightness, the breathability and the mechanical resistance properties of the structure.

La hauteur des protubérances correspond à la hauteur prise à partir de la surface de base de la base aérée à partir de laquelle les protubérances s'étendent jusqu'aux extrémités libres des protubérances et parallèlement à l'axe central des protubérances. Si l'extrémité libre des protubérances n'est pas parallèle à la surface de base, le niveau le plus éloigné sera considéré.The height of the protrusions corresponds to the height taken from the base surface of the aerated base from which the protrusions extend to the free ends of the protrusions and parallel to the central axis of the protrusions. If the free end of the protrusions is not parallel to the base surface, the most distant level will be considered.

L'épaisseur de la base aérée est l'épaisseur des connecteurs (voit ci-après).The thickness of the ventilated base is the thickness of the connectors (see below).

Les connecteurs ont préférablement une forme cylindrique, la directrice du cylindre étant colinéaire à la surface de base. Ainsi, ils peuvent présenter une forme de bande dont les surfaces sont planes (cylindriques à base rectangulaire). Alternativement, les connecteurs présentent une forme non cylindrique, telle qu'une forme en bande bombée ou creusée. De préférence, la surface des bandes présente une partie centrale plane et deux parties extérieures inclinées par rapport à la partie centrale de manière à ce que la section du connecteur colinéaire à la directrice et perpendiculaire à la surface de base décroisse lorsqu'on s'éloigne de la partie centrale. Le cylindre peut également être à base circulaire, ou polygonale (de préférence régulièrement polygonale comme carrée ou hexagonale).The connectors preferably have a cylindrical shape, the director of the cylinder being collinear with the base surface. Thus, they can have a strip shape whose surfaces are planar (cylindrical with rectangular base). Alternatively, the connectors have a non-cylindrical shape, such as a curved or hollowed strip shape. Preferably, the surface of the strips has a flat central part and two external parts inclined with respect to the central part so that the section of the connector collinear with the director and perpendicular to the base surface decreases as one moves away of the central part. The cylinder can also be circular, or polygonal (preferably regularly polygonal such as square or hexagonal).

Les connecteurs forment avantageusement un maillage dont au moins une partie des nœuds, voire l'ensemble des nœuds, sont occupés par une protubérance. De préférence, le maillage est homogène, c'est-à-dire un maillage formé d'un motif qui se répète. De préférence encore, le maillage peut être régulier, c'est-à-dire que le motif est un polygone régulier. Le motif peut être formé par 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 ou 8 connecteurs.The connectors advantageously form a mesh of which at least part of the nodes, even all of the nodes, are occupied by a protuberance. Preferably, the mesh is homogeneous, that is to say a mesh formed of a repeating pattern. More preferably, the mesh can be regular, that is to say that the pattern is a regular polygon. The pattern can be formed by 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8 connectors.

En outre ou alternativement, les connecteurs présentent une longueur de 0,01 à 25 mm, préférablement de 0,50 à 17,5 mm, préférablement de 1,0 mm à 9,5 mm, préférablement 1,7 mm. La longueur d'un connecteur est mesurée parallèlement à la surface de base et entre les parois extérieures des protubérances que le connecteur relie directement et physiquement. La paroi extérieure des protubérances pouvant être courbe, on prendra alors la longueur la plus courte.In addition or alternatively, the connectors have a length of 0.01 to 25 mm, preferably from 0.50 to 17.5 mm, preferably from 1.0 mm to 9.5 mm, preferably 1.7 mm. The length of a connector is measured parallel to the base surface and between the outer walls of the protrusions that the connector connects directly and physically. The outer wall of the protrusions can be curved, so take the shortest length.

En outre ou alternativement, les connecteurs présentent une épaisseur de 0,1 à 1,4mm, préférablement de 0,35 à 1,2mm, préférablement de 0,55 à 1,0 mm, préférablement d'environ 0,80 mm.In addition or alternatively, the connectors have a thickness of 0.1 to 1.4mm, preferably 0.35 to 1.2mm, preferably 0.55 to 1.0mm, preferably approximately 0.80mm.

L'épaisseur des connecteurs, qui est aussi l'épaisseur de la base aérée, est mesurée normalement à la surface de base. L'épaisseur des connecteurs n'est pas nécessairement constante sur toute la surface des connecteurs, dans un tel cas, il faudra comprendre par « épaisseur » l'épaisseur maximale. Ainsi, si chacun des connecteurs est une bande bombée en son centre, l'épaisseur est prise au niveau du centre ; au contraire, si chacun des connecteurs est une bande creusée, l'épaisseur est prise au niveau de ses bords latéraux.The thickness of the connectors, which is also the thickness of the ventilated base, is normally measured at the base surface. The thickness of the connectors is not necessarily constant over the entire surface of the connectors, in such a case, “thickness” should be understood to mean the maximum thickness. Thus, if each of the connectors is a curved strip at its center, the thickness is taken at the center; on the contrary, if each of the connectors is a hollow strip, the thickness is taken at its lateral edges.

En outre ou alternativement, les connecteurs présentent une largeur de 0,3 à 25 mm, préférablement de 1,2 à 17,5 mm, préférablement de 2,0 à 10,5 mm, préférablement d'environ 3,0 mm.In addition or alternatively, the connectors have a width of 0.3 to 25 mm, preferably 1.2 to 17.5 mm, preferably 2.0 to 10.5 mm, preferably approximately 3.0 mm.

En outre ou alternativement, le ratio entre le diamètre extérieur équivalent des protubérances pris au niveau de la surface de base et la distance entre les axes centraux de deux protubérances voisines est de 0,65 à 1,5, préférablement de 0,76 à 0,93, préférablement de 0,8 à 0,89, préférablement d'environ 0,85. Un tel ratio assure une flexibilité optimale de la structure sans perte de propriétés mécaniques conférant la protection.In addition or alternatively, the ratio between the equivalent external diameter of the protrusions taken at the level of the base surface and the distance between the central axes of two neighboring protrusions is from 0.65 to 1.5, preferably from 0.76 to 0 , 93, preferably 0.8 to 0.89, preferably approximately 0.85. Such a ratio ensures optimal flexibility of the structure without loss of mechanical properties conferring protection.

Le diamètre extérieur équivalent correspond au diamètre d'un cercle dans lequel la paroi extérieure de la protubérance, prise perpendiculairement à l'axe central, est inscrite avec un maximum de points communs entre le cercle et la paroi extérieure de la protubérance.The equivalent external diameter corresponds to the diameter of a circle in which the external wall of the protuberance, taken perpendicular to the central axis, is inscribed with a maximum of common points between the circle and the external wall of the protuberance.

En outre ou alternativement, la distance entre deux protubérances voisines est de 6 à 60 mm, préférablement de 7,5 à 43,5 mm, préférablement de 9,5 à 27,5 mm, préférablement environ 11 mm. La distance entre deux protubérances voisines est prise entre les axes centraux de ces protubérances et parallèlement à la surface de base.In addition or alternatively, the distance between two neighboring protrusions is 6 to 60 mm, preferably 7.5 to 43.5 mm, preferably 9.5 to 27.5 mm, preferably about 11 mm. The distance between two neighboring protrusions is taken between the central axes of these protrusions and parallel to the base surface.

Dans un mode de réalisation particulier, les protubérances sont toutes présentes sur le même côté de la base aérée. Dans un mode de réalisation selon l'invention, les protubérances sont présentes de part et d'autre de la base aérée, préférablement les axes centraux des protubérances d'un côté de la base aérée sont alignés sur ceux des protubérances de l'autre côté de la base aérée. En variante, les axes centraux des protubérances d'un côté de la base aérée sont en quinconce par rapport à ceux des protubérances de l'autre côté de la base aérée. Dans les cas où les protubérances sont présentes des deux côtés de la base aérée, celle-ci a alors deux surfaces de base. Dans le cas où les caractéristiques dépendent d'une surface de base, la surface de base à contempler est celle à partir de laquelle la protubérance considérée s'étend.In a particular embodiment, the protrusions are all present on the same side of the ventilated base. In an embodiment according to the invention, the protrusions are present on either side of the aerated base, preferably the central axes of the protrusions on one side of the ventilated base are aligned with those of the protrusions on the other side of the ventilated base. Alternatively, the central axes of the protrusions on one side of the aerated base are staggered relative to those of the protrusions on the other side of the aerated base. In cases where the protrusions are present on both sides of the aerated base, the latter then has two base surfaces. In the case where the characteristics depend on a base surface, the base surface to be contemplated is that from which the protuberance considered extends.

Dans un mode de réalisation, chaque protubérance présentant une paroi extérieure, la paroi extérieure présente une symétrie de révolution autour de l'axe central. En variante, chaque protubérance présentant une paroi extérieure, la paroi extérieure est superposable à son image par rotation autour de l'axe central d'angle 360°/n où n est un entier strictement supérieur à 1, préférablement stritement supérieur à 2, préférablement de 2 à 10, préférablement de 3 à 10, préférablement de 4 à 8, préférablement de 5 à 7, préférablement 6. Par exemple, la section droite de la paroi extérieure est un polygone régulier comprenant 3 à 10 sommets, préférablement 4 à 8, préférablement 5 à 7, préférablement 6.In one embodiment, each protuberance having an outer wall, the outer wall has a symmetry of revolution about the central axis. As a variant, each protuberance having an outer wall, the outer wall can be superimposed on its image by rotation around the central axis with an angle of 360 ° / n where n is an integer strictly greater than 1, preferably strictly greater than 2, preferably from 2 to 10, preferably from 3 to 10, preferably from 4 to 8, preferably from 5 to 7, preferably 6. For example, the cross section of the outer wall is a regular polygon comprising 3 to 10 vertices, preferably 4 to 8 , preferably 5 to 7, preferably 6.

Dans un mode de réalisation, le diamètre extérieur équivalent des protubérances est constant à partir de la base aérée. Ceci signifie que les protubérances sont des cylindres droits (sens mathématique). En variante, le diamètre extérieur équivalent des protubérances diminue linéairement à partir de la base aérée avec un angle supérieur à 0° et inférieur ou égal à 30°, préférablement supérieur à 2° et inférieur ou égal à 15°, préférablement supérieur à 4° et inférieur ou égal à 8°, préférablement environ égal à 6°. L'angle de 6° est particulièrement étudié pour permettre un démoulage facile de la structure de son moule.In one embodiment, the equivalent outside diameter of the protrusions is constant from the aerated base. This means that the protrusions are straight cylinders (mathematical sense). As a variant, the equivalent external diameter of the protrusions decreases linearly from the aerated base with an angle greater than 0 ° and less than or equal to 30 °, preferably greater than 2 ° and less than or equal to 15 °, preferably greater than 4 ° and less than or equal to 8 °, preferably approximately equal to 6 °. The 6 ° angle is particularly studied to allow an easy demoulding of the structure of its mold.

En outre, ou alternativement, le diamètre extérieur équivalent au niveau de la surface de base est de 3 à 25 mm, préférablement de 5 à 20 mm, préférablement de 7 à 14 mm, préférablement environ 9,5 mm.Furthermore, or alternatively, the equivalent outside diameter at the level of the base surface is from 3 to 25 mm, preferably from 5 to 20 mm, preferably from 7 to 14 mm, preferably about 9.5 mm.

En outre, ou alternativement, chacune des protubérances est traversée par un orifice traversant s'étendant le long de l'axe central et définissant une paroi intérieure de la protubérance. Ceci permet à la fois d'augmenter la respirabilité de la structure et d'améliorer la légèreté. En variante, l'orifice n'est pas traversant mais borgne du côté de la base aérée ce qui permet d'améliorer la légèreté de la structure sans modifier sa respirabilité.In addition, or alternatively, each of the protrusions is traversed by a through orifice extending along the central axis and defining an interior wall of the protuberance. This both increases the breathability of the structure and improves the lightness. Alternatively, the orifice is not through but blind on the side of the ventilated base which improves the lightness of the structure without modifying its breathability.

Dans un mode de réalisation, la paroi interne présente une symétrie de révolution autour de l'axe central. En variante, la paroi intérieure est superposable à son image par rotation autour de l'axe central d'angle 360°/n où n est un entier strictement supérieur à 1, préférablement strictement supérieur à 2, préférablement de 2 à 10, préférablement de 3 à 10, préférablement de 4 à 8, préférablement de 5 à 7, préférablement 6. Par exemple, la section droite de la paroi intérieure est un polygone régulier comprenant 3 à 10 sommets, préférablement 4 à 8, préférablement 5 à 7, préférablement 6. Dans ce dernier cas, si la section droite de la paroi extérieure est également un polygone régulier, celle-ci a de préférence la même forme que la section droite de la paroi intérieure et les sommets de ces polygones sont angulairement alignés.In one embodiment, the internal wall has a symmetry of revolution around the central axis. As a variant, the interior wall can be superimposed on its image by rotation around the central axis of angle 360 ° / n where n is an integer strictly greater than 1, preferably strictly greater than 2, preferably from 2 to 10, preferably by 3 to 10, preferably 4 to 8, preferably 5 to 7, preferably 6. For example, the cross section of the interior wall is a regular polygon comprising 3 to 10 vertices, preferably 4 to 8, preferably 5 to 7, preferably 6. In the latter case, if the cross section of the outer wall is also a regular polygon, it preferably has the same shape as the cross section of the inner wall and the vertices of these polygons are angularly aligned.

Dans un mode de réalisation, le diamètre intérieur équivalent des protubérances est constant à partir de la base aérée. Le diamètre intérieur équivalent correspond au diamètre d'un cercle dans lequel la paroi intérieure de la protubérance, prise perpendiculairement à l'axe central, est inscrite avec un maximum de points communs entre le cercle et la paroi intérieure de la protubérance. Alternativement, le diamètre intérieure équivalent des protubérances diminue linéairement à partir de la surface de base avec un angle supérieur à 0° et inférieur ou égal à 30°, préférablement supérieur à 2° et inférieur ou égal à 15°, préférablement supérieur à 4° et inférieur ou égal à 8°, préférablement environ égale à 6°. Alternativement encore, le diamètre intérieure équivalent des protubérances augmente linéairement à partir de la surface de base avec un angle supérieur à 0° et inférieur ou égal à 30°, préférablement supérieur à 2° et inférieur ou égal à 15°, préférablement supérieur à 4° et inférieur ou égal à 8°, préférablement environ égale à 6°. Un angle de 6° est particulièrement étudié pour permettre un démoulage aisé de la structure de son moule.In one embodiment, the equivalent internal diameter of the protrusions is constant from the aerated base. The equivalent internal diameter corresponds to the diameter of a circle in which the internal wall of the protuberance, taken perpendicular to the central axis, is inscribed with a maximum of common points between the circle and the internal wall of the protuberance. Alternatively, the equivalent internal diameter of the protrusions decreases linearly from the base surface with an angle greater than 0 ° and less than or equal to 30 °, preferably greater than 2 ° and less than or equal to 15 °, preferably greater than 4 ° and less than or equal to 8 °, preferably approximately equal to 6 °. Alternatively again, the equivalent internal diameter of the protrusions increases linearly from the base surface with an angle greater than 0 ° and less than or equal to 30 °, preferably greater than 2 ° and less than or equal to 15 °, preferably greater than 4 ° and less than or equal to 8 °, preferably approximately equal to 6 °. An angle of 6 ° is particularly studied to allow an easy demoulding of the structure of its mold.

En outre ou alternativement, l'épaisseur de la protubérance est définie par la différence entre le diamètre intérieur équivalent et le diamètre extérieur équivalent de la protubérance au niveau de la surface de base. L'épaisseur de la protubérance est de 0,5 à 10 mm, préférablement de 0,65 à 7 mm, préférablement de 0,85 à 4 mm, préférablement d'environ 1 mm.In addition or alternatively, the thickness of the protrusion is defined by the difference between the equivalent internal diameter and the equivalent external diameter of the protrusion at the base surface. The thickness of the protrusion is 0.5 to 10 mm, preferably 0.65 to 7 mm, preferably 0.85 to 4 mm, preferably about 1 mm.

En outre ou alternativement, la hauteur des protubérances est de 2 à 8,5 mm, préférablement de 3,5 à 7,5 mm, préférablement de 4,5 à 6,5 mm, préférablement d'environ 6 mm.In addition or alternatively, the height of the protrusions is 2 to 8.5 mm, preferably 3.5 to 7.5 mm, preferably 4.5 to 6.5 mm, preferably approximately 6 mm.

Les protubérances sont préférablement réparties suivant un maillage régulier, par exemple suivant un maillage carré (chacune des protubérances ayant quatre voisines) ou triangulaire régulier (chacune des protubérances ayant six voisines). Par conséquent, les connecteurs sont de même longueur.The protrusions are preferably distributed according to a regular mesh, for example according to a square mesh (each of the protrusions having four neighbors) or regular triangular (each of the protrusions having six neighbors). Therefore, the connectors are the same length.

La structure est préférablement en un matériau flexible. On entend par flexible un matériau dont la forme globale peut être modifiée afin de la conformer davantage à la forme de la partie du corps face à laquelle il est disposé.The structure is preferably made of a flexible material. By flexible is meant a material whose overall shape can be modified in order to conform more to the shape of the part of the body facing which it is arranged.

Le matériau flexible est préférablement un matériau viscoélastique, préférablement avec une température de transition vitreuse Tg comprise entre -20 et 50°C, préférablement entre 0 et 40°C, préférablement entre 15 et 25°C. La température de transition vitreuse Tg peut s'obtenir par analyse mécanique dynamique à l'aide de l'instrument METRAVIB, type DMA +450 d'ACOEM. Bien qu'il soit plus facile pour des raisons de fabrication de prévoir la base aérée et les protubérances dans un même matériau viscoélastique, il est également possible de prévoir que la base aérée et les protubérances soient réalisées dans des matériaux viscoélastique différents. Il est même également possible dans ces deux cas de prévoir deux ou plus populations de protubérances différentes, chacune étant dans un matériau viscoélastique différent des autres.The flexible material is preferably a viscoelastic material, preferably with a glass transition temperature Tg of between -20 and 50 ° C, preferably between 0 and 40 ° C, preferably between 15 and 25 ° C. The glass transition temperature Tg can be obtained by dynamic mechanical analysis using the METRAVIB instrument, type DMA +450 from ACOEM. Although it is easier for manufacturing reasons to provide the ventilated base and the protrusions in the same viscoelastic material, it is also possible to provide that the ventilated base and the protrusions are made in different viscoelastic materials. It is even also possible in these two cases to provide two or more populations of different protuberances, each being in a viscoelastic material different from the others.

Dans la suite de l'exposé, les quantités des composés entrant dans la composition du matériau viscoélastique sont exprimées en poids par rapport au poids total du matériau viscoélastique.In the remainder of the description, the amounts of the compounds entering into the composition of the viscoelastic material are expressed by weight relative to the total weight of the viscoelastic material.

Le constituant majoritaire du matériau viscoélastique est un polymère tel que le polynorbornène, le polyacrylonitrile, le polychlorure de vinyle (PVC), le copolymère éthylène-acétate de vinyle (EVA), le caoutchouc chlorobutyl (en anglais chlorobutyl rubber) et leurs mélanges, préférablement le polynorbornène seul ou un mélange de polynorbornène avec au moins un autre des polymères mentionnés ci-dessus. Par constituant majoritaire, on entend le constituant présent en plus grande quantité dans le matériau viscoélastique.The major constituent of the viscoelastic material is a polymer such as polynorbornene, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), chlorobutyl rubber (in English chlorobutyl rubber ) and their mixtures, preferably polynorbornene alone or a mixture of polynorbornene with at least one other of the polymers mentioned above. By majority constituent means the constituent present in greater quantity in the viscoelastic material.

Le matériau viscoélastique peut comprendre avantageusement de 27 à 55 % de polynorbornène, préférablement de 40 à 50 %, préférablement de 42 à 48 %, préférablement environ 45 %.The viscoelastic material can advantageously comprise from 27 to 55% of polynorbornene, preferably from 40 to 50%, preferably from 42 to 48%, preferably about 45%.

Le matériau viscoélastique peut comprendre également un plastifiant tel qu'une huile. Les huiles aromatiques sont préférées mais il est également possible d'utiliser une huile paraffinique (PA), une huile naphténique (HNA), une huile de silicone ou des résines C9 (notamment celles fournies par Konimpex sous la dénomination « Hydrocarbon C9 »). Le matériau viscoélastique comprend avantageusement de 33 à 50 % de plastifiant, préférablement de 37 à 45 %, préférablement de 39 à 43 % en poids, préférablement environ 40 %.The viscoelastic material may also include a plasticizer such as an oil. Aromatic oils are preferred but it is also possible to use a paraffinic oil (PA), a naphthenic oil (HNA), a silicone oil or C9 resins (in particular those supplied by Konimpex under the name "Hydrocarbon C9"). The viscoelastic material advantageously comprises from 33 to 50% of plasticizer, preferably from 37 to 45%, preferably from 39 to 43% by weight, preferably around 40%.

Le matériau viscoélastique peut comprendre également un agent de charge telle que la poudre de silice, de kaolin, d'oxyde d'aluminium (Al(OH)3), d'acide stéarique ou un mélange de celles-ci. Le matériau viscoélastique comprend avantageusement de 4 à 8 % d'agent de charge, préférablement de 5 à 7 %, préférablement de 5,5 à 6,5 %, préférablement environ 6 %.The viscoelastic material can also comprise a bulking agent such as silica powder, kaolin, aluminum oxide (Al (OH) 3 ), stearic acid or a mixture of these. The viscoelastic material advantageously comprises from 4 to 8% of bulking agent, preferably from 5 to 7%, preferably from 5.5 to 6.5%, preferably around 6%.

Le matériau viscoélastique peut également comprendre d'autres composés tels qu'un conservateur, un antioxydant, un agent anti-UV, un agent anti-rayure, un agent vulcanisant, un accélérateur de vulcanisation et un agent colorant.The viscoelastic material may also include other compounds such as a preservative, an antioxidant, an anti-UV agent, an anti-scratch agent, a vulcanizing agent, a vulcanization accelerator and a coloring agent.

Des exemples de conservateurs sont l'hydroxyde d'aluminium (Al(OH)3), les oxydes métalliques tels que l'oxyde de zinc (ZnO) ou du dioxyde de titane (TiO2), l'éthylène-acétate de vinyle (EVA), et un monomère d'éthylène propylène-diène (EPDM). Le matériau viscoélastique peut également être exempt de conservateur.Examples of preservatives are aluminum hydroxide (Al (OH) 3 ), metal oxides such as zinc oxide (ZnO) or titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ), ethylene vinyl acetate ( EVA), and an ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM). The viscoelastic material can also be free of preservative.

Des exemples d'antioxydants sont les antioxydants phénoliques (par exemple le 2,6 di-ter-butyl-4-méthyl phénol), la diamine de phényl-p-phénylène et ses dérivés tels que la diamine de N-(1,3-diméthylbutyl)-N'-phényl-p-phénylène (6PPD) ; les antioxydants préférés étant la diamine de phényl-p-phénylène et la 6PPD.Examples of antioxidants are phenolic antioxidants (e.g. 2,6 di-ter-butyl-4-methyl phenol), phenyl-p-phenylene diamine and its derivatives such as N- (1,3 diamine -dimethylbutyl) -N'-phenyl-p-phenylene (6PPD); the preferred antioxidants being phenyl-p-phenylene diamine and 6PPD.

Des exemples d'agents anti-UV sont les cires paraffiniques et les oxydes métalliques tels que l'oxyde de zinc (ZnO) ou du dioxyde de titane (TiO2).Examples of anti-UV agents are paraffinic waxes and metal oxides such as zinc oxide (ZnO) or titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ).

Un exemple d'agent anti-rayure est le N-(cyclohexylthio)-phtalmide.An example of an anti-scratch agent is N- (cyclohexylthio) -phthalmide.

Des exemples d'agents vulcanisant sont le soufre et le disulfure de di(benzothiazol-2-yle) (MBTS).Examples of vulcanizing agents are sulfur and di (benzothiazol-2-yl) disulfide (MBTS).

Des exemples d'accélérateurs de vulcanisation sont le dioxyde de titane (TiO2), le sulphénamide de N-cyclohexyl-2-benzothiazole (CBS), le disulfure de bis(N,N-diméthylthiocarbamyle), l'acide stéarique, des mélanges d'accélérateurs tel que le Deovulc EG 3 qui est une combinaison synergétique d'accélérateurs hautement actifs contenant de l'éthylènethiourée, disponible chez DOG Deutsche Oelfabrik et King Industries, Inc., et les oxydes métalliques tels que l'oxyde de zinc (ZnO) ou du dioxyde de titane (TiO2), préférablement l'acide stéarique ou des mélanges d'accélérateurs tels que Deovulc EG 3.Examples of vulcanization accelerators are titanium dioxide (TiO2), N-cyclohexyl-2-benzothiazole sulphenamide (CBS), bis (N, N-dimethylthiocarbamyl) disulfide, stearic acid, mixtures of accelerators such as Deovulc EG 3 which is a synergistic combination of highly active accelerators containing ethylenethiourea, available from DOG Deutsche Oelfabrik and King Industries, Inc., and metal oxides such as zinc oxide (ZnO) or titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ), preferably stearic acid or mixtures of accelerators such as Deovulc EG 3.

Des exemples d'agents colorant sont préférablement des pigments organiques et inorganiques tels que les oxydes de fer (comme les oxydes jaunes ou rouges), le dioxyde de titane (TiO2), l'oxyde de zinc (ZnO) ou le noir de carbone.Examples of coloring agents are preferably organic and inorganic pigments such as iron oxides (such as yellow or red oxides), titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ), zinc oxide (ZnO) or carbon black .

La structure d'absorption et/ou de dissipation de chocs mécaniques peut être entièrement homogène, c'est-à-dire que ces connecteurs et protubérances sont régulièrement agencés sur l'ensemble de la structure formant un unique motif et que la structure d'absorption et/ou de dissipation de chocs mécaniques est réalisée dans un unique matériau. Alternativement, la structure d'absorption et/ou de dissipation comprend plusieurs zones différentes. Ces zones peuvent différer les unes des autres soit par au moins une dimension d'un de ses éléments (connecteurs, protubérances), soit par le matériau utilisé pour la mise en forme des zones, soit à la fois par au moins une dimension d'un de ses éléments et par le matériau utilisé pour la mise en forme des zones.The structure for absorbing and / or dissipating mechanical shocks can be entirely homogeneous, that is to say that these connectors and protuberances are regularly arranged over the whole of the structure forming a single pattern and that the structure of absorption and / or dissipation of mechanical shock is carried out in a single material. Alternatively, the absorption and / or dissipation structure includes several different areas. These zones can differ from one another either by at least one dimension of one of its elements (connectors, protrusions), or by the material used for shaping the zones, or at the same time by at least one dimension of one of its elements and by the material used for shaping the zones.

L'invention concerne également un protecteur corporel au moins partiellement réalisé à l'aide de la structure d'absorption et/ou de dissipation de chocs mécaniques décrit ci-dessus.The invention also relates to a body protector at least partially produced using the structure for absorbing and / or dissipating mechanical shock described above.

On entend dans le présent exposé par « protecteur corporel » une structure d'absorption et/ou de dissipation de chocs mécaniques adéquatement dimensionnée ou un agencement de telles structures adéquatement dimensionné afin de conférer une certaine protection à la partie du corps située en face de la protection dans les conditions normales d'utilisation.In the present description, the term “body protector” means an adequately dimensioned structure for absorbing and / or dissipating mechanical shock or an arrangement of such structures adequately dimensioned in order to provide a certain protection to the part of the body situated opposite the protection under normal conditions of use.

Dans sa réalisation la plus simple, le protecteur corporel est réalisé entièrement à l'aide de la structure d'absorption et/ou de dissipation de chocs mécaniques tel que décrite ci-dessus.In its simplest embodiment, the body protector is made entirely using the structure for absorbing and / or dissipating mechanical shock as described above.

Des exemples de réalisation de protecteur corporel quant à leur forme sont ceux présentés dans les normes EN 1621-1 : 2013 et EN 1621-2 : 2014 relatives aux vêtements de protection contre les chocs mécaniques pour motocyclistes.Examples of embodiment of body protector as to their form are those presented in standards EN 1621-1: 2013 and EN 1621-2: 2014 relating to protective clothing against mechanical shock for motorcyclists.

Le protecteur corporel peut être généralement plan, c'est-à-dire que la base aérée de la structure d'absorption et/ou de dissipation des chocs thermiques le composant est elle-même plane. Ainsi, lorsqu'il est intégré à un vêtement de protection, le protecteur corporel est plié, les extrémités libres des protubérances se rapprochant ou s'éloignant les unes des autres. Afin d'augmenter la flexibilité du protecteur corporel, celui-ci peut présenter des découpes ayant généralement la forme d'un V, la pointe étant dirigée vers l'intérieur du protecteur et les diagonales s'étendant jusqu'au bord du protecteur. Les diagonales du V peuvent être droites ou courbes. Dans le cas où les diagonales du V sont courbes, elles sont courbées du même côté. Lors du pliage, les diagonales du V sont rapprochées puis généralement scellées l'une à l'autre par exemple par collage ou soudage, le protecteur formant alors une coupole pour loger généralement la tête ou une articulation telle que l'épaule, le coude ou le genou. Au niveau de la pointe du V une découpe circulaire de petite dimension peut être prévue afin de faciliter le pliage du protecteur corporel à cet endroit. Par petite dimension, il est compris ici une découpe circulaire de diamètre inférieur à 5 mm.The body protector may be generally planar, that is to say that the aerated base of the structure for absorbing and / or dissipating thermal shock the component is itself planar. Thus, when it is integrated into a protective garment, the body protector is folded, the free ends of the protrusions moving towards or away from each other. In order to increase the flexibility of the body protector, it may have cutouts generally having the shape of a V, the point being directed towards the inside of the protector and the diagonals extending to the edge of the protector. The diagonals of the V can be straight or curved. In the case where the diagonals of the V are curved, they are curved on the same side. When folding, the diagonals of the V are brought together and then generally sealed to each other for example by gluing or welding, the protector then forming a dome to generally accommodate the head or a joint such as the shoulder, the elbow or knee. At the tip of the V, a small circular cutout can be provided to facilitate the folding of the body protector at this point. By small dimension, a circular cutout with a diameter of less than 5 mm is included here.

Le protecteur corporel peut également être courbe, c'est-à-dire que préalablement à son incorporation dans un vêtement de protection, il n'a pas besoin d'être plié : il présente déjà les bonnes courbures adaptées à la partie du corps à protéger. Ainsi, la structure d'absorption et/ou de dissipation de chocs mécaniques est mise en forme directement dans la forme finale d'utilisation du protecteur corporel.The body protector can also be curved, that is to say that prior to its incorporation into protective clothing, it does not need to be folded: it already has the right curvatures adapted to the part of the body to be protect. Thus, the structure for absorbing and / or dissipating mechanical shock is shaped directly in the final form of use of the body protector.

Le protecteur corporel satisfait notamment au moins le niveau de performance 1 de la norme EN 1621-1 : 2013 ou de la norme EN 1621-2 : 2014, de préférence le niveau de performance 2. En particulier, le protecteur corporel satisfait le niveau de performance 2 de la norme EN1621-1 : 2013 et le niveau de performance 1 de la norme EN1621-2 : 2014.The body protector in particular satisfies at least performance level 1 of standard EN 1621-1: 2013 or of standard EN 1621-2: 2014, preferably performance level 2. In particular, the body protector satisfies level of performance 2 of EN1621-1: 2013 and performance level 1 of EN1621-2: 2014.

L'invention concerne également un vêtement de protection comprenant un protecteur corporel tel que décrit ci-dessus.The invention also relates to a protective garment comprising a body protector as described above.

Les dessins annexés sont donnés à titre illustratif et non limitatif afin d'aider le lecteur à mieux comprendre la présente invention. Ces dessins comprennent les figures suivantes :

  • la figure 1 est une vue de trois-quarts d'un mode de réalisation particulier de la structure d'absorption et/ou de dissipation de chocs mécaniques selon l'invention avec des protubérances de forme cylindrique à base circulaire ;
  • la figure 2 est une vue de trois-quarts d'un mode de réalisation particulier de la structure d'absorption et/ou de dissipation de chocs mécaniques selon l'invention avec des protubérances de forme cylindrique à base hexagonale régulière ;
  • la figure 3 est une coupe perpendiculaire à la base aérée passant par l'axe central des protubérances ; et
  • la figure 4 est une vue de dessus d'un protecteur selon l'invention réalisé entièrement à l'aide de la structure d'absorption et/ou de dissipation de chocs mécaniques selon l'invention.
The accompanying drawings are given by way of illustration and not limitation in order to help the reader to better understand the present invention. These drawings include the following figures:
  • the figure 1 is a three-quarter view of a particular embodiment of the mechanical shock absorption and / or dissipation structure according to the invention with protuberances of cylindrical shape with circular base;
  • the figure 2 is a three-quarter view of a particular embodiment of the structure for absorbing and / or dissipating mechanical shocks according to the invention with protrusions of cylindrical shape with regular hexagonal base;
  • the figure 3 is a section perpendicular to the ventilated base passing through the central axis of the protrusions; and
  • the figure 4 is a top view of a protector according to the invention produced entirely using the structure for absorbing and / or dissipating mechanical shocks according to the invention.

Dans l'ensemble des figures, les éléments équivalents sont désignés par une même référence numérique.In all of the figures, the equivalent elements are designated by the same reference numeral.

Un exemple particulier de structure d'absorption et/ou de dissipation selon l'invention est décrit ci-après en référence à la figure 1. La structure 1 est homogène.A particular example of an absorption and / or dissipation structure according to the invention is described below with reference to the figure 1 . Structure 1 is homogeneous.

Cette structure 1 d'absorption et/ou dissipation de chocs mécaniques comprend des connecteurs 2 formant une base aérée B plane présentant une surface de base. Les connecteurs présentent une forme de bande dont les surfaces sont planes et sont de même longueur.This structure 1 for absorbing and / or dissipating mechanical shocks comprises connectors 2 forming a flat aerated base B having a base surface. The connectors have a strip shape whose surfaces are flat and are the same length.

La structure 1 d'absorption et/ou dissipation de chocs mécaniques comprend également des protubérances 3, chacune des protubérances comprenant un axe central AA suivant lequel elle s'étend à partir de la base aérée B, l'axe central AA étant normal à la surface de base.The structure 1 for absorbing and / or dissipating mechanical shocks also includes protrusions 3, each of the protrusions comprising a central axis AA along which it extends from the aerated base B, the central axis AA being normal to the base surface.

Les protubérances 3 sont présentes sur un seul côté de la base aérée B. Chaque protubérance 3 présente une paroi extérieure 31, la paroi extérieure 31 présentant une symétrie de révolution autour de l'axe central. Chacune des protubérances 3 est traversée par un orifice traversant 32 s'étendant le long de l'axe central AA et définissant une paroi intérieure 33 de la protubérance 3. La paroi interne 33 présente une symétrie de révolution autour de l'axe central AA. Les protubérances 3 sont réparties suivant un maillage triangulaire régulier, c'est-à-dire que chacune des protubérances a six voisines et les axes centraux des voisines dessinent un hexagone régulier.The protrusions 3 are present on one side of the ventilated base B. Each protrusion 3 has an outer wall 31, the outer wall 31 having a symmetry of revolution about the central axis. Each of the protrusions 3 is crossed by a through orifice 32 extending along the central axis AA and defining an inner wall 33 of the protrusion 3. The inner wall 33 has a symmetry of revolution about the central axis AA. The protrusions 3 are distributed according to a regular triangular mesh, that is to say that each of the protuberances has six neighbors and the central axes of the neighbors draw a regular hexagon.

Un autre exemple particulier de structure d'absorption et/ou de dissipation selon l'invention est décrit ci-après en référence à la figure 2. La structure 1 est homogène.Another particular example of an absorption and / or dissipation structure according to the invention is described below with reference to the figure 2 . Structure 1 is homogeneous.

Cette structure 1 d'absorption et/ou dissipation de chocs mécaniques comprend des connecteurs 2 formant une base aérée B plane présentant une surface de base. Les connecteurs présentent une forme de bande dont les surfaces sont planes et sont de même longueur.This structure 1 for absorbing and / or dissipating mechanical shocks comprises connectors 2 forming a flat aerated base B having a base surface. The connectors have a strip shape whose surfaces are flat and are the same length.

La structure 1 d'absorption et/ou dissipation de chocs mécaniques comprend également des protubérances 3, chacune des protubérances comprenant un axe central AA suivant lequel elle s'étend à partir de la base aérée B, l'axe central AA étant normal à la surface de base.The structure 1 for absorbing and / or dissipating mechanical shocks also includes protrusions 3, each of the protrusions comprising a central axis AA along which it extends from the aerated base B, the central axis AA being normal to the base surface.

Les protubérances 3 sont présentes sur un seul côté de la base aérée B. Chaque protubérance 3 présente une paroi extérieure 31, la section droite de la paroi extérieure 31 étant un polygone régulier ayant 6 sommets (polygone régulier hexagonal). Chacune des protubérances 3 est traversée par un orifice traversant 32 s'étendant le long de l'axe central AA et définissant une paroi intérieure 33 de la protubérance 3. La section droite de la paroi interne 33 est un polygone régulier ayant 6 sommets. Les sommets des polygones réguliers formant la section droite des parois extérieure et intérieure sont angulairement alignés. Les protubérances 3 sont réparties suivant un maillage triangulaire régulier, c'est-à-dire que chacune des protubérances a six voisines et les axes centraux des voisines dessinent un hexagone régulier.The protrusions 3 are present on one side of the ventilated base B. Each protrusion 3 has an outer wall 31, the cross section of the outer wall 31 being a regular polygon having 6 vertices (regular hexagonal polygon). Each of the protrusions 3 is crossed by a through orifice 32 extending along the central axis AA and defining an inner wall 33 of the protrusion 3. The cross section of the inner wall 33 is a regular polygon having 6 vertices. The vertices of the regular polygons forming the cross section of the outer and inner walls are angularly aligned. The protrusions 3 are distributed in a regular triangular mesh, that is to say that each of the protrusions has six neighbors and the central axes of the neighbors draw a regular hexagon.

La figure 3 présente un exemple de coupe perpendiculaire à la base aérée pour les exemples de structures d'absorption et/ou de dissipation de chocs mécaniques des figures 1 et 2.The figure 3 presents an example of a cut perpendicular to the aerated base for the examples of structures for absorption and / or dissipation of mechanical shocks Figures 1 and 2 .

Sur la figure 3, le diamètre extérieur équivalent De des protubérances 3 diminue linéairement à partir de la base aérée B avec un angle de 6° alors que le diamètre intérieur équivalent Di des protubérances 3 augmente linéairement à partir de la base aérée B avec un angle de 6°.On the figure 3 , the equivalent external diameter D e of the protrusions 3 decreases linearly from the aerated base B with an angle of 6 ° while the equivalent internal diameter D i of the protrusions 3 increases linearly from the aerated base B with an angle of 6 °.

Un exemple de dimensionnement des différents éléments de la structure d'absorption et/ou de dissipation de chocs mécaniques est présenté dans le tableau 1 suivant. Tableau 1 Structure d'absorption et/ou de dissipation de chocs mécaniques  épaisseur 6.8 mm Protubérances  hauteur 6 mm  diamètre extérieure équivalent au niveau de la base aérée 9,5 mm  épaisseur de la protubérance 1 mm Connecteurs  longueur 1.7 mm  largeur 3 mm  vépaisseur 0,8 mm An example of dimensioning of the various elements of the structure of absorption and / or dissipation of mechanical shocks is presented in table 1 following. <i> Table 1 </i> Mechanical shock absorption and / or dissipation structure thickness 6.8 mm protuberances height 6 mm outer diameter equivalent to the level of the ventilated base 9.5 mm thickness of the protuberance 1 mm Connectors length 1.7 mm width 3 mm vépaisseur 0.8mm

Le tableau 2 ci-dessous donne un exemple de composition pour le matériau de la structure d'absorption et/ou de dissipation de chocs mécaniques. Les quantités sont exprimées en pourcentage en poids par rapport à la composition totale. Tableau 2 Polynorbornène 45 % Huiles 40 % Silice 6 % Agent anti-rayure 1 % Agent vulcanisant (soufre) 1 % Accélérateur de vulcanisation 1 % Agent colorant 1 % Acide stéarique < 1 % Antioxydant < 1 % Agent anti-UV (cire) < 1 % Le total ne fait pas 100 % compte tenu des approximations. Table 2 below gives an example of composition for the material of the mechanical shock absorption and / or dissipation structure. The amounts are expressed as a percentage by weight relative to the total composition. <i> Table 2 </i> polynorbornene 45% Oils 40% Silica 6% Anti-scratch agent 1% Vulcanizing agent (sulfur) 1% Vulcanization accelerator 1% Coloring agent 1% Stearic acid <1% antioxidant <1% Anti-UV agent (wax) <1% The total is not 100% given the approximations.

La structure d'absorption et/ou de dissipation de chocs mécaniques avec l'une des configurations des figures 1 à 5 et ayant la composition du tableau 2 présente une respirabilité d'environ 35 % et une dureté Shore A d'environ 25. Cette structure permet d'atteindre le niveau de performance 2 pour la norme EN 1621-1 et le niveau 1 pour la norme EN 1621-2.The mechanical shock absorption and / or dissipation structure with one of the configurations of the Figures 1 to 5 and having the composition of table 2 has a breathability of approximately 35% and a Shore A hardness of approximately 25. This structure makes it possible to achieve performance level 2 for standard EN 1621-1 and level 1 for standard EN 1621-2.

En référence à la figure 4, un exemple de protecteur corporel est décrit ci-après. Cet exemple de protecteur corporel correspond aux exemples contenus dans la norme EN1621-1 : 2013 (cf. la figure 1 et le tableau 1 de cette norme). Le protecteur corporel 10 peut être défini simplement à l'aide de trois paramètres : deux rayons r1 , r2 et une longueur /. Il comprend trois parties centrées sur un axe longitudinal BB qui est également un axe de symétrie du protecteur corporel 10. Une première partie extrémale 11 a la forme d'un demi-cercle de rayon r1 et une deuxième partie extrémale 12 a la forme d'un demi-cercle de rayon r2. Les deux parties extrémales 11, 12 sont reliées l'une à l'autre par une partie centrale 13 de forme trapézoïdale et ayant pour axe de symétrie l'axe longitudinal BB et une hauteur /. With reference to the figure 4 , an example of a body protector is described below. This example of body protector corresponds to the examples contained in standard EN1621-1: 2013 ( cf. figure 1 and Table 1 of this standard). The body protector 10 can be defined simply using three parameters: two radii r 1 , r 2 and a length / . It comprises three parts centered on a longitudinal axis BB which is also an axis of symmetry of the body protector 10. A first extremal part 11 has the shape of a semicircle of radius r 1 and a second extremal part 12 has the shape of 'a semicircle of radius r 2 . The two extreme parts 11, 12 are connected to each other by a central part 13 of trapezoidal shape and having for axis of symmetry the longitudinal axis BB and a height / .

Une telle forme peut être utilisée pour protéger les parties de corps suivantes : épaule (S) ; coude et avant-bras (E) ; hanche (H) ; genou et haut du tibia (K) ; genou, haut et milieu du tibia (K+L) ; bas du tibia (L).Such a shape can be used to protect the following body parts: shoulder (S); elbow and forearm (E); hip (H); knee and upper shin (K); knee, upper and middle of the tibia (K + L); lower tibia (L).

Le tableau 3 ci-dessous présente les dimensions minimales des trois paramètres selon la norme EN1621-1 : 2013. Tableau 3 Type Petit modèle Grand modèle r1 r2 l r1 r2 l S 55 32 64 70 40 80 E 45 24 118 50 30 150 K 55 24 100 70 30 130 H 35 26 70 44 33 88 L 32 24 64 40 30 80 K+L 55 24 185 70 30 240 Table 3 below presents the minimum dimensions of the three parameters according to standard EN1621-1: 2013. <i> Table 3 </i> Type Small model Big model r 1 r 2 l r 1 r 2 l S 55 32 64 70 40 80 E 45 24 118 50 30 150 K 55 24 100 70 30 130 H 35 26 70 44 33 88 The 32 24 64 40 30 80 K + L 55 24 185 70 30 240

Claims (14)

  1. Structure for absorption and/or dissipation of mechanical shocks for body protection comprising:
    connectors (2) forming an aerated base (B) with a base surface;
    protuberances (3), each of the protuberances comprising a central axis (AA) along which it projects from the aerated base, the central axis being normal to the base surface, two adjacent protuberances being connected to each other by a connector,
    each of the protuberances has an equivalent outside diameter (De) and an equivalent inside diameter (Di), the thickness between the equivalent outer diameter and the equivalent inner diameter is comprised between 0.5 and 10 mm;
    each of the protuberances has a through orifice (32) extending along the central axis and defining an internal surface (33) of the protuberance;
    characterised in that the protuberances are on both sides of the aerated base.
  2. Structure according to claim 1, wherein the ratio between the height of the protuberances and the thickness of the aerated base is 6 to 9, preferably 6.5 to 8.5, preferably 6 to 8, and preferably about 7.5.
  3. Structure according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the breathability of the structure is 10 to 70%, preferably 18.5 to 58.5%, preferably 26.5 to 46.5%, and preferably about 35%.
  4. Structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the Shore A hardness of the structure is 5 to 90, preferably 11.5 to 68.5, preferably 18.5 to 46.5, and preferably about 25.
  5. Structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the ratio between the equivalent outside diameter of the protuberances measured at the base surface and the distance between the central axes of two adjacent protuberances is 0.65 to 1.5, preferably 0.76 to 0.93, preferably 0.8 to 0.89, and preferably about 0.85.
  6. Structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein each protuberance has an external surface (31), the external surface has a symmetry of revolution about the central axis or is superimposable on its image by rotation by a 360°/n angle about the central axis, where n is an integer greater than 1, preferably 2 to 10, preferably 4 to 8, preferably 5 to 7, and preferably 6.
  7. Structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the equivalent outside diameter of the protuberances is constant from the aerated base or decreases linearly from the aerated base with an angle of more than 0° and equal to or less than 30°, preferably more than 2° and equal to or less than 15°, preferably more than 4° and equal to and less than 8°, and preferably equal to about 6°.
  8. Structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the internal surface has a symmetry of revolution about the central axis or is superimposable on its image by rotation by a 360°/n angle about the central axis, where n is an integer greater than 1, preferably 2 to 10, preferably 4 to 8, preferably 5 to 7, and preferably 6.
  9. Structure according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the equivalent inside diameter of the protuberances:
    is constant from the aerated base or
    linearly decreases from the aerated base with an angle of more than 0° and equal to or less than 30°, preferably more than 2° and equal to or less than 15°, preferably more than 4° and equal to or less than 8°, and preferably equal to about 6°, or
    linearly increases from the aerated base with an angle of more than 0° and equal to or less than 30°, preferably more than 2° and equal to or less than 15°, preferably more than 4° and equal to or less than 8°, and preferably equal to about 6°.
  10. Structure according to one of claims 1 to 9 made of a viscoelastic material, preferably with a vitreous transition temperature between -20 and 50°C, preferably between 0 and 40°C, and preferably between 15 and 25°C.
  11. Structure according to claim 10, wherein the majority constituent of the viscoelastic material is a polymer, preferably polynorbornene, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), the ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) copolymer, chlorobutyl rubber and mixture thereof, preferably polynorbornene alone or a mixture of polynorbornene with at least one element among polyacrylonitrile, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), the ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) copolymer and chlorobutyl rubber.
  12. Body protector (10) at least partially made of the structure according to one of claims 1 to 11.
  13. Body protector according to claim 12 achieving at least performance level 1 of standard EN1621-1: 2013 or of standard EN1621-2: 2014, preferably performance level 2.
  14. Protective clothing comprising at least one protector according to claim 12 or claim 13.
EP16718346.6A 2015-04-24 2016-04-22 Body protection Active EP3285606B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL16718346T PL3285606T3 (en) 2015-04-24 2016-04-22 Body protection

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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FR1553734A FR3035300B1 (en) 2015-04-24 2015-04-24 BODY PROTECTION
PCT/EP2016/059097 WO2016170167A1 (en) 2015-04-24 2016-04-22 Body protection

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EP3285606B1 true EP3285606B1 (en) 2020-02-26

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US (1) US20180153237A1 (en)
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CN (1) CN107529834A (en)
AU (1) AU2016251682A1 (en)
BR (1) BR112017022557A2 (en)
CA (1) CA2983195A1 (en)
CL (1) CL2017002674A1 (en)
DE (1) DE202016008835U1 (en)
ES (1) ES2793328T3 (en)
FR (1) FR3035300B1 (en)
MX (1) MX2017013600A (en)
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SE543806C2 (en) * 2018-12-10 2021-07-27 Ejendals Ab Material for vibration damping and protective article comprising such a material
CN109662358B (en) * 2019-01-18 2021-06-01 安徽工程大学 Garment comprising a protective element and method for manufacturing
US20220095712A1 (en) * 2019-02-01 2022-03-31 Tackla Licensing Corporation Oy Protective Structure For Protective Garments And Equipment
FI128519B (en) * 2019-06-28 2020-07-15 Tackla Licensing Corp Oy A layered protective structure for protective garments and equipment and an elastic layer
IT201900016361A1 (en) * 2019-09-16 2021-03-16 Giorgia Daniel "Improved Protective Accessory"
EP4106568A1 (en) * 2020-02-21 2022-12-28 Cenesy AB Shock-absorbing material
JP2021177020A (en) 2020-05-06 2021-11-11 トップ・グローブ・インターナショナル・スンディリアン・ブルハド Embossment of thin film article
WO2022150866A1 (en) * 2021-01-18 2022-07-21 Gerhard Karall Protector element

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FR2909266A1 (en) * 2006-12-01 2008-06-06 Esquad Sa Mechanical shock protector for motorcyclist, has flexible base plate made of synthetic material from which multiple pins are projected, where pins are molded with plate that comprises crossing holes formed between pins in central position
US20110296594A1 (en) * 2010-06-03 2011-12-08 Ip Holdings, Llc Energy management structure
WO2014079839A1 (en) * 2012-11-23 2014-05-30 Holdiprotec Flexible modular absorption panel and block for producing such a panel

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JP2000045118A (en) * 1998-05-21 2000-02-15 Suzuki Sogyo Co Ltd Sheet-like flexible material and its combinational material
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KR200393612Y1 (en) * 2005-05-25 2005-08-24 지 훈 김 body protector make double impact cushing
US9615611B2 (en) * 2011-08-11 2017-04-11 G-Form, LLC Breathable impact absorbing cushioning and constructions

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2909266A1 (en) * 2006-12-01 2008-06-06 Esquad Sa Mechanical shock protector for motorcyclist, has flexible base plate made of synthetic material from which multiple pins are projected, where pins are molded with plate that comprises crossing holes formed between pins in central position
US20110296594A1 (en) * 2010-06-03 2011-12-08 Ip Holdings, Llc Energy management structure
WO2014079839A1 (en) * 2012-11-23 2014-05-30 Holdiprotec Flexible modular absorption panel and block for producing such a panel

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US20180153237A1 (en) 2018-06-07
MX2017013600A (en) 2018-08-01
ES2793328T3 (en) 2020-11-13
DE202016008835U1 (en) 2020-01-28
PL3285606T3 (en) 2020-07-27
FR3035300A1 (en) 2016-10-28
BR112017022557A2 (en) 2018-07-17
FR3035300B1 (en) 2018-02-16
EP3285606A1 (en) 2018-02-28
CL2017002674A1 (en) 2018-04-20
AU2016251682A1 (en) 2017-11-09
WO2016170167A1 (en) 2016-10-27
CA2983195A1 (en) 2016-10-27
CN107529834A (en) 2018-01-02

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