EP3284612B1 - Element de securite optiquement variable avec un element a film mince - Google Patents

Element de securite optiquement variable avec un element a film mince Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3284612B1
EP3284612B1 EP17001368.4A EP17001368A EP3284612B1 EP 3284612 B1 EP3284612 B1 EP 3284612B1 EP 17001368 A EP17001368 A EP 17001368A EP 3284612 B1 EP3284612 B1 EP 3284612B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
layer
security element
lacquer
element according
flat areal
Prior art date
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Revoked
Application number
EP17001368.4A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3284612A1 (fr
Inventor
Winfried HOFFMÜLLER
Björn Teufel
Patrick ENGELMANN
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Giesecke and Devrient Currency Technology GmbH
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Giesecke and Devrient Currency Technology GmbH
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
    • B42D25/324—Reliefs

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an optically variable security element for securing valuables, which is provided in a feature area with a thin-layer element with a color-shift effect, which has an interference layer structure with at least one printed dielectric spacer layer.
  • the invention also relates to a method for producing such a security element and a correspondingly equipped data carrier.
  • Data carriers such as documents of value or identity documents, or other objects of value, such as branded articles, are often provided with security elements for security purposes, which allow the authenticity of the data carriers to be checked and which at the same time serve as protection against unauthorized reproduction.
  • Security elements with effects dependent on the viewing angle play a special role in ensuring authenticity, since these cannot be reproduced even with the most modern copying machines.
  • the security elements are equipped with optically variable elements that convey a different image impression to the viewer from different viewing angles and, for example, show a different color or brightness impression and / or a different graphic motif depending on the viewing angle.
  • the thin-layer elements contain an ultra-thin dielectric layer, which is typically arranged between an absorber layer and a reflection layer is. Due to the interference conditions, the thin-film elements essentially only show spectral colors as interference colors. Even in cases in which two reflection maxima lie in the visible spectral range, the wavelengths of these reflection maxima are at a physically predetermined distance or relationship to one another and cannot be set as desired.
  • the production of the dielectric layer which is only a few hundred nanometers thick, represents the main technological challenge.
  • the conventional production of the thin dielectric layers by means of a vacuum vapor deposition process is a time-consuming and expensive process. For this reason, extensive attempts have been made for some time to use printed dielectric spacer layers.
  • the desired layer thickness can be set over a large area by the choice of the printing cylinder and the solid of the lacquer. With a suitable cylinder design, the layer thickness of the printed dielectric can be varied macroscopically, i.e. on a length scale of a few millimeters. With such a variation of the layer thickness, the color impression can only be changed on a macroscopic length scale.
  • the invention is based on the object of specifying a security element of the type mentioned at the outset with improved color representation, and which in particular enables color changes in a confined space and also the generation of mixed colors.
  • the resolution restrictions mentioned at the outset can be overcome, since suitable variations can be used to produce thickness variations of the dielectric spacer layer on a length scale, which are given by the dimensions of the embossed structure and can therefore be in the micrometer range.
  • the printed-on dielectric spacer layer advantageously has a greater layer thickness in the lower-lying flat surface sections than in the higher-lying flat surface sections.
  • the relationship is particularly advantageous in this case that for two flat surface sections with a height difference ⁇ , the layer thickness of the dielectric spacer layer of the lower-lying surface section is greater by k ⁇ ⁇ than the layer thickness of the dielectric Spacer layer of the higher surface section, where k is a shrinkage factor for the shrinkage of the dielectric spacer layer during drying, which is between 0.05 and 1.
  • the embossed structure is particularly preferably formed at least in a partial area by a binary structure or a multilevel structure with n different height levels, n preferably being between 3 and 8.
  • flanks of the embossed structure are advantageously uncoated or are coated with a layer structure that is not capable of interference.
  • a reflective layer can be removed from the flanks in an etching step or converted in such a way that a layer structure that is no longer capable of interference is no longer produced on the flanks.
  • the lateral dimensions of the flat surface sections are advantageously in at least one spatial direction below 150 ⁇ m, in particular between approximately 5 ⁇ m and approximately 100 ⁇ m. In an advantageous embodiment, the lateral dimensions of the flat surface sections are even below the resolution limit of the human in both lateral spatial directions Eye, preferably below 150 microns, in particular between about 5 microns and about 100 microns.
  • the flat surface sections advantageously form elongated strips or rectangular pixel elements.
  • the height differences between two flat surface sections are expediently between 50 nm and 5000 nm, preferably between 300 nm and 3000 nm.
  • the layer thickness of the embossing lacquer layer is advantageously between 500 nm and 10 ⁇ m, preferably between 1500 nm and 6000 nm.
  • the dielectric spacer layer is advantageously formed by a thixotropic lacquer, that is to say a lacquer whose viscosity is reduced by mechanical stress and increases again with a certain time constant after the stress has ended.
  • the lacquer can contain additives that generate or reinforce the thixotropic behavior or serve to adjust the time constant with which the viscosity increases again.
  • Particularly suitable varnishes are nitrocellulose varnishes, such as the Senocell® product line from Weilburger, which show thixotropic behavior even without additives.
  • leveling additives which reduce the surface tension of the lacquer can be used as additives.
  • leveling additives are additives based on polyacrylate, such as Byk 361N from Byk Additives & Instruments, or also silicone surface additives, such as polyether-modified dimethylpolysiloxane or polyether-modified polydimethylsiloxane.
  • the interference layer structure of the thin-film element can be a sequence of dielectric layers with different refractive index or can also be designed as a metallic / dielectric multilayer structure. Designs are currently particularly preferred in which the interference layer structure comprises a reflection layer, an absorber layer and an intermediate layer of the reflection layer and the absorber layer arranged dielectric spacer layer.
  • the layer sequence is arbitrary, so that both the reflection layer and the absorber layer can be applied to the embossed structure first.
  • the layer thicknesses of the printed dielectric spacer layer are advantageously between 100 nm and 1000 nm, preferably between 300 nm and 600 nm.
  • a thixotropic lacquer can first be applied in a higher layer thickness. After drying and optionally shrinking of the lacquer, the layer thicknesses mentioned are obtained as layer thicknesses of the finished dielectric spacer layer.
  • the different interference colors generated by the flat surface sections form at least one mixed color when the feature area is considered.
  • mixed colors or true colors are colors which result from the mixing of two or more primary colors.
  • the flat surface sections represent micro-picture elements in a micro-optical display arrangement, in particular a moiré magnification arrangement, or picture elements in a lenticular image.
  • the embossed structure can contain a partial area with four or more different height levels, in which the interference colors complement one another when viewed without aids to a non-colored, in particular silvery appearance.
  • the individual interference colors can, however, be made visible with a strong magnifying glass or a microscope, so that the sub-area can be used as a security feature of a higher level.
  • the embossed structure can also contain a partial area with anti-reflection elements, such as moth eye structures, in which the reflection is strongly suppressed and which therefore appears dark when viewed.
  • anti-reflection elements such as moth eye structures
  • the embossed structure can contain a relief-free, flat partial area in which a conventional interference layer structure is formed.
  • the relief-free partial area can in particular be combined with a binary or multilevel structure of the type described above in such a way that the relief-free partial area and the binary or multilevel structure show the same color under normal lighting, such as daylight, but with a different spectral composition.
  • a light source with a special spectral signature, for example a fluorescent lamp or LED lamp, or when viewed through a color filter, the colors of the relief-free partial area or the binary or multilevel structure appear different due to their different spectral composition.
  • the relief-free sub-area and the area of the binary or multilevel structure can in particular be arranged in the form of patterns, characters or coding and form a hidden security feature.
  • the invention also includes a method according to claim 11.
  • a thixotropic lacquer which is optionally provided with additives, is preferably used for printing on the dielectric spacer layer.
  • suitable paints and additives have already been mentioned above.
  • the thixotropic lacquer is mechanically stressed, for example stirred, in an advantageous process before printing.
  • the thixotropic varnish remains thin for a certain time after mechanical stress and, after printing, runs from the higher surface sections to the lower surface sections as desired.
  • the viscosity increases again with a certain time constant, which can be adjusted over a wide range by adding additives.
  • the time constant is advantageously set such that, after printing, the layer thicknesses in the flat surface sections of different heights can largely be equalized before the paint loses its flowability.
  • the varnish of the dielectric spacer layer is dried according to the invention and the layer thickness of the dielectric spacer layer in the flat surface sections of the embossed structure is thereby reduced.
  • the reduction in thickness during drying largely depends on the solids content of the paint.
  • the solids content of the lacquer forming the dielectric spacer layer is advantageously between 3% and 100%, in particular between 5% and 50%.
  • the paint used can be physically drying, but can also be crosslinkable. It is also possible that the varnish experiences an increase in viscosity after irradiation, and only then is complete physical drying carried out.
  • the lacquer can be a one-component system, a two-component system or a multi-component system.
  • the lacquer can harden through a crosslinking reaction, in particular by irradiation, for example with UV light.
  • the lacquer used can advantageously be metallized, so that a metallic reflection or absorber layer can be applied to the printed and dried lacquer.
  • the lacquer for the dielectric spacer layer can be printed on by any printing method, for example by gravure printing or by spraying on the lacquer.
  • the invention also includes a data carrier with a security element of the type described or with a security element that can be produced by a method described.
  • the data carrier can in particular be a document of value, such as a bank note, in particular a paper bank note, a polymer bank note or a composite film bank note. a share, a bond, a certificate, a voucher, a check, a high-quality admission ticket, but also an identification card such as a credit card, a bank card, a cash payment card, an authorization card, an ID card or a passport personalization page.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of a bank note 10, which is provided with a security element 12 according to the invention in the form of a glued transfer element is provided with a color shift effect.
  • the security element 12 shows a color shift effect between two mixed colors (also called true colors in the context of this description) and, unlike conventional color shift elements, is not limited to a color change between spectral colors or certain fixed combinations of spectral colors.
  • the invention is not limited to transfer elements and banknotes, but can be used for all types of security elements, for example for labels on goods and packaging or for securing documents, ID cards, passports, credit cards, health cards and the like.
  • security threads or security strips are also considered in addition to transfer elements.
  • FIG Fig. 2 shows a security element 20 according to the invention in a perspective view.
  • the security element 20 contains a substrate 22, for example a PET film, on which an embossing lacquer layer 24 has been applied in a feature area and provided with an embossing structure 26.
  • the embossed structure 26 represents a binary structure which has essentially vertical flanks 28 and flat surface sections 30 at two different height levels.
  • the lateral dimension of the flat surface sections in one spatial direction is in Fig. 2 is referred to as the x-direction, only 10 ⁇ m in each case, and is therefore far below the resolution limit of the human eye.
  • the second lateral spatial direction which in Fig. 2 as is designated in the y direction, the dimension of the flat surface sections 30 is several millimeters or even centimeters.
  • the flat surface sections 30 therefore form elongated, narrow strips.
  • a thin-film element 40 with an interference layer structure 42 is applied to the embossed structure 26, which essentially only coats the flat surface sections 30, but not the steep flanks 28, so that the flanks 28 in the finished security element do not emit any disruptive reflection.
  • the interference layer structure 42 consists of a vapor-deposited aluminum reflection layer 44, a printed dielectric spacer layer 46 and a vapor-deposited chrome absorber layer 48. While the reflection layer 44 and the absorber layer 48 have the same layer thickness in the entire feature area of the security element, the dielectric spacer layer 46 is in the flat surface sections 32, 34 lying at different heights are formed with different layer thicknesses.
  • the layer thickness of the dielectric spacer layer 46 in the exemplary embodiment is approximately 700 nm in the lower-lying flat surface sections 32, while it is only around 500 nm in the higher-lying flat surface sections 34. Since the interference color of a thin-film element is essentially given by the layer thickness of the dielectric spacer layer, the interference layer structure 42 generates different interference colors in the flat surface sections 32 and 34. Because of the small width of the surface sections 32, 34 of only 10 ⁇ m, these different interference colors cannot be resolved as individual colors when viewed without aids, but form a uniform mixed color through additive color mixing.
  • an embossing lacquer layer 24 is applied to the substrate 22 of the security element 20 and the embossed structure 26 already described is embossed into it in the form of a binary structure.
  • the embossed structure 26 is vapor-deposited with a reflection layer 44, for example a 50 nm thick aluminum reflection layer, as in FIG Fig. 3 (a) shown.
  • flanks 28 of the embossed structure 26 do not have to be perfectly perpendicular to the flat surface sections 32, 34. Rather, a sufficiently steep angle, for example 70 ° or more or 80 ° or more, is sufficient, which leads to a significantly smaller layer thickness on the flanks during vapor deposition.
  • a possible flank coating can also be removed by an etching step or converted in such a way that the appearance of the finished security element 20 is not disturbed by reflections from the flanks 28.
  • a varnish 50 is then applied to the coated embossed structure to form the dielectric spacer layer, which shows a thixotropic behavior, that is to say that it is thin and runs well for a certain period of time after application, but the viscosity then increases sharply and finally prevents further flowing away.
  • the thixotropic lacquer 50 is stirred, for example, before printing, so that the viscosity of the lacquer 50 is greatly reduced by the shear forces that occur.
  • the now thin-bodied lacquer 50 is quickly applied to the embossed structure 26 vapor-coated with the reflection layer 44 in a printing process or by means of nozzle application, as in FIG Fig. 3 (b) shown.
  • the thixotropic lacquer 50 is given sufficient time to run and to restore the original, higher viscosity. After the waiting time has elapsed, the lacquer 50 is practically no longer flowable, so that there is no more compensation for the subsequent change in the layer thickness due to the drying process.
  • the running paint 50 is now physically dried, as a result of which the layer thickness of the paint 50 in both surface sections 32, 34 is reduced uniformly.
  • the extent of the reduction in thickness depends largely on the solids content of the paint, but also on the density of the paint before and after drying.
  • the proportion of solids in the exemplary embodiment is 20%, so that the layer thickness d 1 or d 2 present after the course is reduced to approximately 1/5 during the drying process.
  • An absorber layer 48 made of chromium is then evaporated onto the dielectric spacer layer 46, as in FIG Fig. 3 (e) shown to complete the interference layer structures in the surface areas 32, 34.
  • the relief structure 26 can also have a multilevel structure with three, four or more different height levels and the same or different height differences.
  • the degree of shrinkage of the lacquer can be adjusted within a wide range thanks to the solid content. Only the average thickness of the dielectric spacer layer is determined by the surface density of the lacquer applied. Overall, this gives the designer a great deal of freedom in the selection and combination of different color shift effects with mixed colors.
  • a chrome absorber layer 48 four different interference layer colors are created in the narrowest space 66, which for a viewer mix to form a non-colored, silvery, shiny appearance.
  • the individual colors of the small interference layer structures of strips 64-1, 64-2, 64-3, 64-4 can be made visible and thus differentiated from a purely metallic-looking security element.
  • the fine structure of the security element 60 can thus be used as a security feature of a higher level.
  • the specific design and arrangement of the strips can also represent information which is hidden under normal observation and is only visible under high magnification.
  • a suitable match can be used to produce a thin-film element with side-by-side metameric colors which, for example, look identical in daylight, but differ significantly from one another under artificial light or under a color filter.
  • Fig. 5 shows for this purpose a security element 70, on the substrate 22 of which an embossing lacquer layer 24 is applied, which in a first partial area 72 in the manner described above has an embossed binary structure with two flat surface sections 74-1, 74-2 at two height levels. In a second partial area 76, the embossing lacquer layer is flat without a relief.
  • a mixed color results in the first partial area 72 as an interference color and a spectral color in the second partial area 76, for example a green.
  • the relative width of the flat surface sections 74-1, 74-2 and the height difference between the surface sections can now be selected such that the green of the second partial region 76 also appears when the daylight is viewed in the first partial region 72, but this time not as a spectral color but as Mixed color of blue (interference color in the surface sections 74-1) and yellow (interference color in the surface sections 74-2).
  • the subregions 72 and 76 appear in green in daylight.
  • the different spectral composition can, however, be made visible by illuminating the security element 70 with a light source with a different spectral signature, for example with a fluorescent lamp or an LED lamp, or also by looking through a color filter.
  • the partial areas 72, 76 then appear with different colors or brightness and can be clearly distinguished by the viewer and, for example, show previously hidden patterns, characters or codes.

Landscapes

  • Credit Cards Or The Like (AREA)
  • Printing Methods (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Elément de sécurité optiquement variable (12, 20) pour sécuriser des objets de valeur (10), qui est doté d'un élément mince (40) avec effet de changement de couleur dans une zone caractéristique, lequel comporte une structure de couche d'interférence (42) avec au moins une couche d'espacement diélectrique imprimée (46), sachant que
    - l'élément de sécurité comporte dans la zone caractéristique une structure de gaufrage (26) avec des flancs raides et des sections de surface planes sur au moins deux niveaux de hauteur,
    - sachant que les dimensions latérales des sections de surfaces planes se situent dans au moins une direction spatiale en dessous de la limite de résolution de l'œil humain, et que
    - la structure de gaufrage est dotée de l'élément mince avec effet de changement de couleur, caractérisé en ce que la couche d'espacement diélectrique est formée par une couche de laque, qui est imprimée, laissée écoulée et séchée et dont l'épaisseur de couche dans les sections de surfaces planes de la structure de gaufrage est de ce fait réduite, sachant que la couche d'espacement diélectrique imprimée de l'élément mince comporte une épaisseur de couche importante différente dans les sections de surface planes de hauteur de plan différente et produit ainsi des couleurs d'interférence différentes.
  2. Elément de sécurité selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la couche d'espacement diélectrique imprimée comporte dans les sections de surfaces planes plus profondes une épaisseur de couche plus importante que dans les sections de surfaces planes plus élevées.
  3. Elément de sécurité selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que la structure de gaufrage est formée au moins dans une partie de zone par une structure binaire ou une structure à niveaux multiples avec « n » niveaux de hauteur différents, sachant que « n » se situe de préférence entre 3 et 8.
  4. Elément de sécurité selon au moins l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que les flancs de la structure de gaufrage sont non revêtus ou revêtus d'une structure de couche incapable d'interférence.
  5. Elément de sécurité selon au moins l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que les dimensions latérales des sections de surfaces planes se situent dans les deux directions spatiales en dessous de la limite de résolution de l'œil humain.
  6. Elément de sécurité selon au moins l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que les sections de surfaces planes forment des bandes allongées ou des éléments de pixels rectangulaires.
  7. Elément de sécurité selon au moins l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que la couche d'espacement diélectrique est produite par une laque thixotrope.
  8. Elément de sécurité selon au moins l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que la structure de couche d'interférence de l'élément mince comprend une couche de réflexion, une couche d'absorbeur et la couche d'espacement diélectrique disposée entre la couche de réflexion et la couche d'absorbeur.
  9. Elément de sécurité selon au moins l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que les couleurs d'interférence différentes produites par les sections de surface planes forment au moins une couleur mixte lors de l'observation de la zone caractéristique.
  10. Elément de sécurité selon au moins l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce que les sections de surface planes représentent des éléments micrographiques dans un ordre de représentation micro-optique, notamment dans un ordre d'agrandissement moiré ou des éléments d'image dans une image lenticulaire.
  11. Procédé de fabrication d'un élément de sécurité optiquement variable, pour lequel
    - une structure de gaufrage avec des flancs raides et des sections de surface planes est produite sur au moins deux niveaux de hauteur dans une zone caractéristique de l'élément de sécurité, sachant que les dimensions latérales des sections de surface planes se situent dans au moins une direction spatiale en dessous de la limite de résolution de l'œil humain,
    - la structure de gaufrage est dotée d'un élément mince avec effet de changement de couleur, sachant que l'élément mince est produit avec une structure de couche d'interférence et au moins une couche d'espacement diélectrique est imprimée à cet effet, qui est formée par une couche de laque,
    - la couche d'espacement diélectrique imprimée est laissée s'écouler de telle manière que les épaisseurs de couche s'égalisent dans les sections de surface planes du niveau de hauteur différent, et
    - la laque de la couche d'espacement diélectrique est séchée après la période d'écoulement et l'épaisseur de couche de celle-ci est de ce fait réduite dans les sections de surfaces planes de la structure de gaufrage.
  12. Procédé selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce qu'une laque thixotrope est utilisée pour l'impression de la couche d'espacement diélectrique.
  13. Procédé selon la revendication 11 ou 12, caractérisé en ce que la laque thixotrope est sollicitée mécaniquement avant l'impression, par exemple en remuant pour réduire la viscosité de la laque.
  14. Support de données avec un élément de sécurité selon au moins une des revendications 1 à 10 ou avec un élément de sécurité pouvant être fabriqué selon l'une quelconque des revendications 11 à 13.
EP17001368.4A 2016-08-18 2017-08-10 Element de securite optiquement variable avec un element a film mince Revoked EP3284612B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102016010078.8A DE102016010078A1 (de) 2016-08-18 2016-08-18 Optisch variables Sicherheitselement mit Dünnschichtelement

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EP3284612A1 EP3284612A1 (fr) 2018-02-21
EP3284612B1 true EP3284612B1 (fr) 2019-12-25

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EP17001368.4A Revoked EP3284612B1 (fr) 2016-08-18 2017-08-10 Element de securite optiquement variable avec un element a film mince

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DE (1) DE102016010078A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10962694B2 (en) 2018-11-02 2021-03-30 Viavi Solutions Inc. Stepped structure optical filter
CN114423619B (zh) * 2019-09-20 2023-07-25 捷德货币技术有限责任公司 用于防伪元件的制造方法和防伪元件
CN114475044B (zh) * 2020-11-11 2023-03-10 中钞特种防伪科技有限公司 光学防伪元件及其制作方法、防伪产品

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DE10232245B4 (de) * 2002-07-17 2008-06-12 Leonhard Kurz Gmbh & Co. Kg Optisch variables Element mit variierender Distanzschicht-Dicke
DE10349000A1 (de) * 2003-10-17 2005-05-19 Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh Sicherheitselement mit Farbkippeffekt
AU2006202315B2 (en) * 2005-06-17 2011-01-27 Viavi Solutions Inc. Covert security coating
EP3351981A1 (fr) * 2011-06-23 2018-07-25 Viavi Solutions Inc. Dispositifs à variations chromatiques multiples
KR101960402B1 (ko) * 2012-08-03 2019-03-20 쑤저우 에스브이쥐 옵트로닉스 테크놀러지 컴퍼니 리미티드 컬러 다이나믹 증폭 보안 필름

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DE102016010078A1 (de) 2018-02-22

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