EP3284359B1 - Steam-formed double-layer shock-absorption sports helmet - Google Patents

Steam-formed double-layer shock-absorption sports helmet Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP3284359B1
EP3284359B1 EP17171530.3A EP17171530A EP3284359B1 EP 3284359 B1 EP3284359 B1 EP 3284359B1 EP 17171530 A EP17171530 A EP 17171530A EP 3284359 B1 EP3284359 B1 EP 3284359B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
material layer
eps
epp
helmet
layer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP17171530.3A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3284359A1 (en
Inventor
Guoding Wang
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Eon Sporting Goods Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Eon Sporting Goods Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Eon Sporting Goods Co Ltd filed Critical Eon Sporting Goods Co Ltd
Publication of EP3284359A1 publication Critical patent/EP3284359A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3284359B1 publication Critical patent/EP3284359B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A42—HEADWEAR
    • A42B—HATS; HEAD COVERINGS
    • A42B3/00—Helmets; Helmet covers ; Other protective head coverings
    • A42B3/04—Parts, details or accessories of helmets
    • A42B3/06—Impact-absorbing shells, e.g. of crash helmets
    • A42B3/066—Impact-absorbing shells, e.g. of crash helmets specially adapted for cycling helmets, e.g. for soft shelled helmets
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A42—HEADWEAR
    • A42B—HATS; HEAD COVERINGS
    • A42B3/00—Helmets; Helmet covers ; Other protective head coverings
    • A42B3/04—Parts, details or accessories of helmets
    • A42B3/10—Linings
    • A42B3/12—Cushioning devices
    • A42B3/125—Cushioning devices with a padded structure, e.g. foam
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A42—HEADWEAR
    • A42B—HATS; HEAD COVERINGS
    • A42B3/00—Helmets; Helmet covers ; Other protective head coverings
    • A42B3/04—Parts, details or accessories of helmets
    • A42B3/10—Linings
    • A42B3/12—Cushioning devices
    • A42B3/125—Cushioning devices with a padded structure, e.g. foam
    • A42B3/128—Cushioning devices with a padded structure, e.g. foam with zones of different density
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A42—HEADWEAR
    • A42C—MANUFACTURING OR TRIMMING HEAD COVERINGS, e.g. HATS
    • A42C2/00—Manufacturing helmets by processes not otherwise provided for
    • A42C2/002—In-mould forming
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B71/00—Games or sports accessories not covered in groups A63B1/00 - A63B69/00
    • A63B71/08—Body-protectors for players or sportsmen, i.e. body-protecting accessories affording protection of body parts against blows or collisions
    • A63B71/10—Body-protectors for players or sportsmen, i.e. body-protecting accessories affording protection of body parts against blows or collisions for the head

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a sports helmet, and specifically, to a steam-formed double-layer shock-absorption sports helmet, which belongs to the technical field of sports equipment.
  • a safety helmet is a fitting for protecting head of people.
  • vehicle-used helmet or baseball sport helmets and other sports helmets are indispensable tools for people in transportations or sports.
  • Most of helmets are generally in a semicircular shape and each includes a shell and a liner.
  • a shock absorption structure is arranged between the shell and the liner. This structure is required to have certain hardness, anti-hitting performance, certain softness and certain cushioning performance.
  • the existing shock absorption structure employs the following manner: the liner of the structure is made of EPS that is a high-density material. Although the EPS material has a little elasticity, the hardness is high so the shock absorption effect is poor.
  • FR 2 379 262 discloses a helmet with a shock-absorption layer comprising a layer of expanded polyethylene (EPE) and a layer of expanded polystyrene (EPS).
  • EPE expanded polyethylene
  • EPS expanded polystyrene
  • WO 2016/112987 discloses a helmet with a shock-absorbing layer comprising expanded polystyrene (EPS) or expanded polypropylene (EPP).
  • EPS expanded polystyrene
  • EPP expanded polypropylene
  • the present invention aims at solving the technical problems that the helmet cannot have both the anti-hitting capability and the softness and is poor in use comfort by providing a steam-formed double-layer shock-absorption sports helmet.
  • the steam-formed double-layer shock-absorption sports helmet of the present invention includes a helmet body; the helmet body includes a surface hard shell, an EPS material layer and an EPP material layer; the surface hard shell, the EPS material layer and the EPP material layer are successively mounted in a fitting manner; the surface hard shell is wrapped on an outer surface of the EPS material layer; and the EPP material layer is wrapped on an inner surface of the EPS material layer.
  • the EPS material layer is made of an EPS material.
  • the EPP material layer is made of an EPP material.
  • the steam-formed double-layer shock-absorption sports helmet consists of the surface hard shell, the middle EPS material layer and the lower EPP material layer, has good anti-hitting performance, water resistance, heat resistance and thermal insulation properties.
  • the EPP material layer with good shock resistance and energy absorption properties, high deformation recovery rate, and good heat resistance, oil resistance and thermal insulation properties is used.
  • the EPP material layer has light weight, so that the article weight can be greatly reduced.
  • 1 helmet body
  • 2 hard surface shell
  • 3 EPS material layer
  • 4 EPP material layer
  • a steam-formed double-layer shock-absorption sports helmet includes a helmet body 1; the helmet body 1 includes a surface hard shell 2, an EPS material layer 3 and an EPP material layer 4; the surface hard shell 2, the EPS material layer 3 and the EPP material layer 4 are successively mounted in a fitting manner; the surface hard shell 2 is wrapped on an outer surface of the EPS material layer 3; and the EPP material layer 4 is wrapped on an inner surface of the EPS material layer 3.
  • the EPS material layer 3 is made of an EPS material.
  • the EPP material layer 4 is made of an EPP material.
  • the present invention relates to a helmet used for cycling sports and outdoor sports, and in particular relates to an EPP structure for a helmet, which can achieve a shock-absorption and cushioning effect, and is suitable for vehicle-used helmets, baseball sports helmet and other sports helmets.
  • the helmet mainly consists of the surface hard shell 2, the middle EPS material layer 3 and the lower EPP material layer 4; the surface hard shell 2 is mainly used to resist the external hit; the EPS material layer 3 is mainly made of an expandable polystyrene material and has functions of water resistance, heat resistance and heat insulation, thereby effectively improving the wearing comfort; the EPP material layer 4 is mainly made of a polypropylene plastic foam material, has good shock resistance and energy absorption performance, high deformation recovery rate and good heat resistance, oil resistance and thermal insulation properties; and furthermore, the EPP material layer has light weight, so that the article weight can be greatly reduced.
  • the steam-formed double-layer shock-absorption sports helmet consists of the surface hard shell, the middle EPS material layer and the lower EPP material layer, has good anti-hitting performance, water resistance, heat resistance and thermal insulation properties. Moreover, the EPP material layer having the characteristics of good shock resistance and energy absorption properties, high deformation recovery rate, and good heat resistance, oil resistance and thermal insulation properties is used. Furthermore, the EPP material layer has light weight, so that the article weight can be greatly reduced.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
  • Helmets And Other Head Coverings (AREA)
EP17171530.3A 2016-08-17 2017-05-17 Steam-formed double-layer shock-absorption sports helmet Active EP3284359B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201620894163.3U CN205963032U (zh) 2016-08-17 2016-08-17 一种蒸汽成型的双层减震运动头盔

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3284359A1 EP3284359A1 (en) 2018-02-21
EP3284359B1 true EP3284359B1 (en) 2018-12-26

Family

ID=58030978

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP17171530.3A Active EP3284359B1 (en) 2016-08-17 2017-05-17 Steam-formed double-layer shock-absorption sports helmet

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US20180049502A1 (zh)
EP (1) EP3284359B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN205963032U (zh)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20190090574A1 (en) * 2017-09-22 2019-03-28 Bell Sports, Inc. Interlocking co-molded helmet energy management liner
CN108294395A (zh) * 2018-03-22 2018-07-20 东莞市益安运动用品有限公司 一种蒸汽成型的单层减震运动头盔
CN109757816A (zh) * 2019-01-30 2019-05-17 厦门新凯复材科技有限公司 一种安全帽制作工艺

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2379262A1 (fr) * 1977-02-07 1978-09-01 Finquel Michel Casque multicoques notamment pour motocycliste
US6453476B1 (en) * 2000-09-27 2002-09-24 Team Wendy, Llc Protective helmet
RU2404061C2 (ru) * 2004-07-14 2010-11-20 Армфоум Инк. Слоистая панель и способ ее изготовления
US20100000009A1 (en) * 2008-07-02 2010-01-07 Morgan Donald E Compressible Liner for Impact Protection
EP2790540B1 (en) * 2012-08-02 2017-03-15 Strategic Sports Limited Helmet with in-moulded memory foam member and process therefor
US10362829B2 (en) * 2013-12-06 2019-07-30 Bell Sports, Inc. Multi-layer helmet and method for making the same
WO2016112987A1 (en) * 2015-01-15 2016-07-21 Cato Composite Innovations B.V. Flexible sports helmet

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3284359A1 (en) 2018-02-21
US20180049502A1 (en) 2018-02-22
CN205963032U (zh) 2017-02-22

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP3284359B1 (en) Steam-formed double-layer shock-absorption sports helmet
EP1659891B1 (en) Safety helmets
US9462842B2 (en) Head protection for reducing linear acceleration
US20150305430A1 (en) Personal Protective Equipment Liner
TWI477239B (zh) The Manufacturing Process and Finished Product of Soft Shell Helmet
US8062446B1 (en) Method of making an outer shell for hockey or lacrosse protective pads
TW201927512A (zh) 安全帽之製造方法及其結構
CN206612269U (zh) 一种减震运动头盔
CN108294395A (zh) 一种蒸汽成型的单层减震运动头盔
EP2790540B1 (en) Helmet with in-moulded memory foam member and process therefor
KR101327520B1 (ko) 발포 폴리프로필렌의 성형방법
US8220078B2 (en) Safety helmet and manufacturing method thereof
CN207306185U (zh) 一种植入荧光物质的头盔
CN200987386Y (zh) 安全帽内衬套
CN202414128U (zh) 一种运动滑板
US20210015194A1 (en) Single-layer shock-absorbing sports helmet formed by steam
CN203028211U (zh) 带加强筋粘合层的抗冲击型运动头盔
CN203492844U (zh) Eps防护帽
CN102972900A (zh) 组合头盔嘴子及其生产工艺
CN212325593U (zh) 一种注水降温头盔
CN103416890A (zh) 一种头盔
US20240009944A9 (en) Method for producing a body protection item and resulting body protection item
CN106621400A (zh) 一种多层弹性球及其制备方法
WO2010086678A2 (en) Fireman's helmet shell with thermal insulation intermediate layer and mechanically reinforced intermediate layer
JP3192678U (ja) ヘルメット

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION WAS MADE

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20170517

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Extension state: BA ME

GRAP Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: GRANT OF PATENT IS INTENDED

INTG Intention to grant announced

Effective date: 20180726

GRAS Grant fee paid

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE PATENT HAS BEEN GRANTED

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: FG4D

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: EP

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: REF

Ref document number: 1080196

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20190115

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R096

Ref document number: 602017001552

Country of ref document: DE

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: FG4D

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LV

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20181226

Ref country code: FI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20181226

Ref country code: NO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190326

Ref country code: HR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20181226

Ref country code: LT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20181226

Ref country code: BG

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190326

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: NL

Ref legal event code: MP

Effective date: 20181226

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: LT

Ref legal event code: MG4D

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190327

Ref country code: SE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20181226

Ref country code: AL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20181226

Ref country code: RS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20181226

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: MK05

Ref document number: 1080196

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20181226

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20181226

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20181226

Ref country code: PT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190426

Ref country code: CZ

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20181226

Ref country code: PL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20181226

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20181226

Ref country code: RO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20181226

Ref country code: IS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190426

Ref country code: EE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20181226

Ref country code: SM

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20181226

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R097

Ref document number: 602017001552

Country of ref document: DE

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20181226

Ref country code: DK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20181226

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed

Effective date: 20190927

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MC

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20181226

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: BE

Ref legal event code: MM

Effective date: 20190531

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20181226

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20190517

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: TR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20181226

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20190517

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20190531

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20200531

Ref country code: CH

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20200531

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CY

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20181226

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20181226

Ref country code: HU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT; INVALID AB INITIO

Effective date: 20170517

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20181226

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 20240527

Year of fee payment: 8

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20240531

Year of fee payment: 8

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 20240527

Year of fee payment: 8

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Payment date: 20240530

Year of fee payment: 8