EP3283204B1 - Method and device for mixing, in particular for dispersion - Google Patents

Method and device for mixing, in particular for dispersion Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3283204B1
EP3283204B1 EP16714306.4A EP16714306A EP3283204B1 EP 3283204 B1 EP3283204 B1 EP 3283204B1 EP 16714306 A EP16714306 A EP 16714306A EP 3283204 B1 EP3283204 B1 EP 3283204B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
gap
forming element
openings
process area
forming
Prior art date
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Active
Application number
EP16714306.4A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3283204A1 (en
Inventor
Eduard Nater
Achim Philipp Sturm
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Buehler AG
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Buehler AG
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Publication of EP3283204A1 publication Critical patent/EP3283204A1/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/05—Stirrers
    • B01F27/11—Stirrers characterised by the configuration of the stirrers
    • B01F27/17—Stirrers with additional elements mounted on the stirrer, for purposes other than mixing
    • B01F27/171—Stirrers with additional elements mounted on the stirrer, for purposes other than mixing for disintegrating, e.g. for milling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C17/00—Disintegrating by tumbling mills, i.e. mills having a container charged with the material to be disintegrated with or without special disintegrating members such as pebbles or balls
    • B02C17/16—Mills in which a fixed container houses stirring means tumbling the charge
    • B02C17/161—Arrangements for separating milling media and ground material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/21—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders characterised by their rotating shafts
    • B01F27/2123—Shafts with both stirring means and feeding or discharging means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/27—Mixers with stator-rotor systems, e.g. with intermeshing teeth or cylinders or having orifices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/27—Mixers with stator-rotor systems, e.g. with intermeshing teeth or cylinders or having orifices
    • B01F27/271—Mixers with stator-rotor systems, e.g. with intermeshing teeth or cylinders or having orifices with means for moving the materials to be mixed radially between the surfaces of the rotor and the stator
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/27—Mixers with stator-rotor systems, e.g. with intermeshing teeth or cylinders or having orifices
    • B01F27/271—Mixers with stator-rotor systems, e.g. with intermeshing teeth or cylinders or having orifices with means for moving the materials to be mixed radially between the surfaces of the rotor and the stator
    • B01F27/2712—Mixers with stator-rotor systems, e.g. with intermeshing teeth or cylinders or having orifices with means for moving the materials to be mixed radially between the surfaces of the rotor and the stator provided with ribs, ridges or grooves on one surface
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/27—Mixers with stator-rotor systems, e.g. with intermeshing teeth or cylinders or having orifices
    • B01F27/271—Mixers with stator-rotor systems, e.g. with intermeshing teeth or cylinders or having orifices with means for moving the materials to be mixed radially between the surfaces of the rotor and the stator
    • B01F27/2713—Mixers with stator-rotor systems, e.g. with intermeshing teeth or cylinders or having orifices with means for moving the materials to be mixed radially between the surfaces of the rotor and the stator the surfaces having a conical shape
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/40—Mixers with rotor-rotor system, e.g. with intermeshing teeth
    • B01F27/41—Mixers with rotor-rotor system, e.g. with intermeshing teeth with the mutually rotating surfaces facing each other
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/40—Mixers with rotor-rotor system, e.g. with intermeshing teeth
    • B01F27/41—Mixers with rotor-rotor system, e.g. with intermeshing teeth with the mutually rotating surfaces facing each other
    • B01F27/412—Mixers with rotor-rotor system, e.g. with intermeshing teeth with the mutually rotating surfaces facing each other provided with ribs, ridges or grooves on one surface
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
    • B02C13/20—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with two or more co-operating rotors
    • B02C13/205—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with two or more co-operating rotors arranged concentrically
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C17/00—Disintegrating by tumbling mills, i.e. mills having a container charged with the material to be disintegrated with or without special disintegrating members such as pebbles or balls
    • B02C17/10—Disintegrating by tumbling mills, i.e. mills having a container charged with the material to be disintegrated with or without special disintegrating members such as pebbles or balls with one or a few disintegrating members arranged in the container
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C17/00—Disintegrating by tumbling mills, i.e. mills having a container charged with the material to be disintegrated with or without special disintegrating members such as pebbles or balls
    • B02C17/16—Mills in which a fixed container houses stirring means tumbling the charge
    • B02C17/166—Mills in which a fixed container houses stirring means tumbling the charge of the annular gap type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C17/00—Disintegrating by tumbling mills, i.e. mills having a container charged with the material to be disintegrated with or without special disintegrating members such as pebbles or balls
    • B02C17/18—Details

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device and a method for mixing, in particular dispersing, according to the preamble of the independent claims.
  • mixing is understood to mean combining substances or substance flows in such a way that a composition that is as uniform as possible is achieved;
  • mixing is used in particular to produce dispersions, that is to say dispersing.
  • a dispersion is understood here to be a heterogeneous mixture of at least two substances which do not or hardly dissolve in one another or which combine chemically with one another.
  • one substance (disperse phase) is distributed as finely as possible into another substance (dispersion medium or continuous phase), if necessary using grinding aids;
  • agitator mills for example, spherical auxiliary grinding bodies are often used.
  • the present invention relates above all to (the production of) suspensions - that is to say dispersions in which a liquid forms the continuous phase and a solid forms the disperse phase.
  • dispersions in which a liquid forms the continuous phase and a solid forms the disperse phase.
  • the comminution can typically be the dissolution of agglomerates into primary particles. Aggregates or associates (if agglomeration is brought about by van der Wals forces or stronger types of chemical formation) can, however, be comminuted when dispersed into primary particles.
  • agglomerates can also be dissolved in devices without auxiliary grinding bodies, such as in a disperser or dissolver
  • devices with auxiliary grinding bodies are required for the comminution of aggregates or crystals, such as an agitator mill with spherical auxiliary grinding bodies.
  • aggregates in the broader sense can also be understood to mean larger crystalline or amorphous structures. In the case of the comminution of aggregates, crystalline or amorphous structures, this is referred to as true comminution.
  • Apparatus of the generic type for mixing two substances usually have a housing and a rotor rotating therein.
  • the substances are introduced into the housing by means of at least one feed line.
  • the substances are mixed by means of the rotor and then discharged from the housing.
  • the device for dispersing comprises a chamber for dispersing, at least one stirring disk, an inlet through which the liquid with the material to be treated and the dispersion medium are sucked in by the rotation of the stirring disk, an outlet and a separating device.
  • the separation device is arranged at the outlet.
  • the auxiliary grinding bodies are removed by means of the separating device separated from the dispersion.
  • the separation device can discharge the dispersion through the outlet, with the grinding aids being retained as described.
  • the DE 10 2010 053 484 discloses an agitator ball mill with a separating device for auxiliary grinding bodies, the separating device being arranged around an axis of rotation.
  • the separating device consists of two components, one component being at least one separating device and a second component being a dynamic element for generating a material flow.
  • the device comprises a very small dynamic gap as a separating device, so that the delivery rate is reduced.
  • the DE 1 507 493 discloses an agitator ball mill with disk-shaped agitating tools in a cylindrical housing, one or two disks being attached above the rotor which produce dynamic gaps with stator elements.
  • the delivery rate is very limited due to the small number of outlet gaps.
  • the possibility of the mixture emerging from the device is only possible very locally.
  • the DE 35 21 668 discloses an agitator mill in which the separating device for separating the grinding media consists of a sieve. Such a sieve can easily become clogged and thus increases the maintenance frequency of the device.
  • the pamphlet EP0376001 A1 discloses an agitator mill with separator and rotating cage.
  • the throughput is increased in that the separating device has an effective area, the size of which is at least 20% of the inner area of the grinding container that delimits the grinding space.
  • the flow through the grinding device is rapid and the material to be ground must very often through the Device are guided in order to achieve sufficient shredding performance.
  • the pamphlet U.S. 4,136,971 discloses an apparatus for generating acoustic oscillations in a liquid.
  • the liquid flows through openings in the periphery of a rotor and a stator.
  • the openings are brought into congruence at regular time intervals, the number of openings in the rotor being a multiple of the number of openings in the stator.
  • the pamphlet U.S. 3,195,867 discloses an apparatus for homogenizing liquids comprising an annular stator having helically arranged circular openings and a rotor rotating about the stator having two sets of axially extending openings.
  • the shape of the openings should provide a circulation effect.
  • the pamphlet EP 0 420 981 A1 discloses an apparatus for generating acoustic vibrations in a liquid.
  • the device comprises a rotor and a stator arranged therein, each of which has continuous channels. At least one channel of the rotor coincides with a channel of the stator.
  • JP 2015 029943 discloses a multi-stage gap separator comprising an apertured rotor and an apertured stator, the rotor being rotatably disposed within the cylindrical stator.
  • the gap separator is arranged in a container in such a way that the material to be processed in the container below the separator is stirred by a stirring element and is removed from the container through the gap separator.
  • the object is achieved by a device and a method for mixing according to the characterizing part of the independent claims.
  • the object is achieved by a device according to claim 1.
  • the openings of the first gap-forming element and the openings of the second gap-forming element are arranged in such a way that a mixture of the supplied substances can be conducted through the openings in the two gap-forming elements from the first into the second process area.
  • Such a device leads to a high throughput without the risk of clogging.
  • the gap-forming elements must be rotatable relative to one another, so that both elements can also be designed to be rotatable. In this case, the rotational speeds and / or the direction of rotation must differ.
  • the openings in the gap-forming elements are arranged in such a way that the openings do not overlap and material can only pass from the openings of the first gap-forming element to the openings of the second gap-forming element through a gap between the openings. After passing through the gap, the openings should allow a large flow of material and therefore have a large opening diameter / opening cross-section compared to the gap.
  • the gap according to the invention is formed between the two gap-forming elements.
  • the smallest dimension of the openings in the first gap-forming element is preferably at least 3 times as large as the largest dimension of the gap between the two gap-forming elements. It is also preferred the smallest dimension of the openings in the second gap-forming element at least 3 times as large as the largest dimension of the gap between the two gap-forming elements.
  • the dimensions of the annular gaps must, of course, essentially correspond to the dimensions of the gap between the gap-forming elements or be smaller than the gap between the gap-forming elements.
  • a high flow rate is achieved through a large number of annular gaps.
  • the gap according to the invention between the first gap-forming element and the second gap-forming element has a separating function. The expansion of the gap prevents particles that are larger than the gap from entering the second process area.
  • At least one, preferably two, preferably dynamic, gaps can be formed between the housing and the first gap-forming element.
  • the first gap-forming element can surround the second gap-forming element and a gap of at most 3 mm, preferably 1.0 mm and particularly preferably 0.5 mm can be formed between the two elements.
  • the minimum gap has a transverse dimension of 0.1 mm.
  • a gap is formed between the two gap-forming elements, the maximum extent of which is smaller than the smallest element of the grinding media that is in the device are or are filled.
  • the gap is preferably a maximum of half as large as the diameter of the smallest grinding body.
  • the first gap-forming element is preferably designed as a rotor, so that the grinding tools on the rotor are used to generate the movement of the materials supplied and possibly the grinding media, thus achieving dispersion in the first process area.
  • the first gap-forming element can extend essentially completely along a length of the first process region. In this way, a large area is provided with gaps that cannot clog and still achieve a large flow.
  • grinding media can be filled, the forwarding of which into the second process area can be prevented by gaps, in particular dynamic gaps.
  • the dynamic gaps can be formed between the first gap-forming element and the second gap-forming element and additionally between the first gap-forming element and the housing. This means that only ready-dispersed material arrives into the second process area and blockage of the gap is not possible due to the movement at the gap edges.
  • no static separating device is formed between the first and the second process area.
  • a static separator is one in which the edges of the openings through which the mixture passes do not move. Static separation devices are therefore in particular permanently mounted screens.
  • the second gap-forming element can be designed as a static separating device, the openings in the static separating device preferably being smaller than the minimum diameter of the grinding media.
  • the openings in the static separating device are particularly preferably formed by annular gaps.
  • Such a static separating device reliably keeps grinding media and excessively large particles from the second process area.
  • Both gap-forming elements can be cylindrical or conical.
  • the gap-forming elements could be designed as circular disks, which are arranged between the first and the second process area.
  • the gap between the first gap-forming element and the second gap-forming element can have a longitudinal extent which is formed parallel to the axis of rotation.
  • the gap can be formed essentially perpendicular to the axis of rotation.
  • the gap can be formed at an angle of 1 ° to 89 ° to the axis of rotation.
  • the openings of the gap-forming elements extend over a length of at least 50%, preferably 60%, particularly preferably 70% of the length of the first gap-forming element in the first process area. A high throughput can thus be achieved.
  • the relative information does not relate to the extent of the openings, but to the area that is provided with openings.
  • two or more bores on the circumference of the second gap-forming element can be connected to one another by a groove, preferably a milled groove. Of course, the groove must not overlap with the openings in the first gap-forming element. This allows a large outflow volume to be created and the mixture is quickly discharged into the second process area.
  • the housing of the device can further comprise a pump housing or be connected to a pump housing, which is a Pump forms on the housing of the device.
  • the pump housing and housing of the device can be designed in one piece or in several pieces. In the case of a multi-piece design, the pump housing is preferably flanged onto the housing of the device.
  • a pump is arranged in the pump housing. Thus, the required pump is directly connected to the device for mixing and only one control and fewer external lines are necessary.
  • the same shaft can be used to drive the pump as to drive the moving gap-forming element and / or the grinding tools. This leads to fewer individual parts and therefore less complexity.
  • the pump housing includes a pump inlet and a pump outlet.
  • the pump can be a centrifugal pump, a liquid ring pump, a side channel pump or a displacement pump such as an impeller pump.
  • the object is also achieved by a method according to claim 10.
  • the dispersion in the first process area can be achieved using grinding media and / or grinding tools. Grinding tools can be disks or pins or similar grinding tools that are already known from the prior art. Grinding media are hard, round or elliptical bodies that help disperse the material. The grinding media are adapted to the desired degree of dispersion and can also have a different size depending on the substance introduced. The grinding media are held up by the gap / the gap between the gap-forming elements and / or the housing.
  • the dispersion can be achieved by grinding media which have a diameter which is at least 1.5 times, preferably 3 times, in particular 10 times larger than the transverse dimension of the largest gap.
  • the grinding media cannot pass through the gap and the gap serves as a dynamic separating device.
  • the mixture can be passed through at least 4, preferably 20, particularly preferably 100, openings in the first gap-forming element.
  • the mixture can furthermore by at least 4, preferably at least 50, particularly preferably min. 200 openings are passed in the second gap-forming element.
  • An optimized throughput of mixture can thus be achieved through the number of openings.
  • the openings in the second gap-forming element can be at least partially formed by bores.
  • two or more bores on the circumference can be connected to one another by a groove, preferably a milled groove.
  • the groove must not overlap with the openings in the first gap-forming element. This allows a large outflow volume to be created and the mixture is quickly discharged into the second process area.
  • FIGS. 1 to 13 each show different views of different embodiments of the gap-forming elements 7, 9. Each of these embodiments can be installed in a housing 2 of a device 1.
  • the Figures 1 to 3 show a first embodiment of the gap-forming elements 7, 9.
  • Figure 1 shows a section, Figure 2 a view and Figure 3 a view of a section.
  • the first gap-forming element 7 is cylindrical and surrounds the second gap-forming element 9.
  • the second gap-forming element 9 is also cylindrical.
  • the first gap-forming element 7 comprises openings 8 which are rectangular in shape, the corners of the openings 8 being rounded.
  • the second gap-forming element 9 comprises openings 10 which are round.
  • the openings 8 and the openings 10 do not overlap.
  • Gaps 13 are formed between the openings 8 and the openings 10.
  • At least one of the two gap-forming elements 7, 9 is designed to be rotatable about the axis of rotation 11. This creates dynamic gaps 13.
  • the first gap-forming element 7 is directed towards the first process area 4, while the second gap-forming element 9 is directed towards the second process area 5.
  • the second gap-forming element 9 further comprises a connecting groove 29 which connects the openings 10 along the circumference of the second gap-forming element. This enables the mixture to be transported away more effectively after passing through the gap.
  • the connecting groove 29 also does not overlap with the openings 8 of the first gap-forming element 7.
  • the openings 8 have an area of 15 ⁇ 30 mm
  • the openings 10 have a diameter of 12 mm in the region of the bore.
  • the openings 10 are connected in the circumferential direction by a groove which has an extension of 13 mm.
  • the necessary expansion of the openings 8, 10 is at least three times the largest diameter of the grinding media used, if grinding media are used.
  • the Figures 4 to 7 show a second embodiment of the gap-forming elements 7, 9.
  • Figure 4 shows here a view Figure 5 a cut, Figure 6 an oblique view and Figure 7 a view of a section.
  • the two gap-forming elements 7 and 9 are circular disk-shaped.
  • the first gap-forming element 7 comprises openings 8 which are round are.
  • the second gap-forming element 9 comprises openings 10 which are also round.
  • the openings 8 do not overlap with the openings 10. This creates a gap 13 through which the mixture can pass from the first process area 4 (not shown) into the second process area 5 (not shown).
  • At least one of the gap-forming elements 7, 9 is designed to be rotatable about the axis of rotation 11.
  • the Figures 8 to 10 show a third embodiment of the gap-forming elements 7, 9.
  • Figure 8 shows a section, Figure 9 a view and Figure 10 a view of a section.
  • the first gap-forming element 7 is directed towards the first process area 4 (not shown) and the second gap-forming element 9 is directed towards the second process area 5.
  • the first gap-forming element 7 comprises openings 8 which are round.
  • the first gap-forming element 7 completely surrounds the second gap-forming element 9, both gap-forming elements 7 and 9 being rotationally symmetrical and conical.
  • the second gap-forming element 9 comprises openings 10 which are also round.
  • At least one of the gap-forming elements 7, 9 is designed to be rotatable about the axis of rotation 11.
  • the openings 8 and the openings 10 do not overlap, but rather form gaps 13 (inserted by way of example) through which the mixture can flow from the first process area 4 (not shown) into the second process area 5.
  • Figures 11 to 13 show a further embodiment of the gap-forming elements 7, 9.
  • Figure 11 shows a section, Figure 12 a view and Figure 13 a section through the plane BB of Figure 11 .
  • the embodiment from the Figures 11 to 13 corresponds essentially to the embodiment from FIG Figures 1 to 3 apart from the shape and the number of openings 8.
  • the openings 8 in the first gap-forming element 7 are asymmetrically shaped and, unlike the openings 8 from the embodiment of FIG Figures 1 to 3 a ramp 19.
  • the ramp 19 serves as a flow-optimized embodiment for rejecting grinding media when the first gap-forming element 7 is designed as a rotor.
  • the number of openings 8 is eight openings 8 in the circumferential direction and four in the longitudinal direction, therefore a total of 32 openings 8 in the first gap-forming element 7. The mixture can thus more easily reach the openings 8 and a higher flow rate into the second process area 5 is achieved.
  • the first gap-forming element 7 is designed to be rotatable about the axis of rotation 11.
  • the ramp 19 has an inclination (alpha) to the tangent on the inside diameter of the first gap-forming element (7) of 10 ° to 80 °, preferably 30 °.
  • the Figures 14 to 16 show the embodiment of the gap-forming elements 7, 9 from FIGS Figures 1 to 3 with grinding tools 14 and a conveyor element 18.
  • Figure 14 shows a section, Figure 15 a view and Figure 16 a view of a section.
  • the first gap-forming element 7 comprises openings 8 and grinding tools 14.
  • the first gap-forming element 7 is designed as a rotor, so that the grinding tools 14 can contribute to a dispersion of the substances in the first process area 4 (not shown).
  • the gap-forming element 9 surrounds the second process area 5.
  • the second gap-forming element 9 comprises openings 10.
  • a conveying element 18 is arranged, which is designed to be rotatable about axis of rotation 11, just like the first gap-forming element 7, 3.
  • the conveying element conveys the mixture out of the second process area 5 and thus ensures a good throughput through the device.
  • Figure 17 shows the embodiment from Figure 1 to 3 with the gap-forming elements 7, 9 and the openings 8, 10. At least one of the gap-forming elements 7, 9 is designed to be rotatable about the axis of rotation 11.
  • Figure 18 shows a section A from Figure 17 .
  • the illustration shows the first gap-forming element 7 with the second gap-forming element 9 and the gap section 24 formed between the gap-forming elements 7 and 9.
  • the gap section 24 has a length dimension b and a transverse dimension a.
  • the transverse dimension a of the gap section 24 is smaller than the smallest grinding media that can be filled into the first process area 4 (not shown).
  • the second gap-forming element 9 can be designed to be exchangeable, so that the gap 24 is designed to be adaptable to the grinding media 16 (not shown), even if the grinding media 16 have a different size in a first process than in one further process.
  • the transverse dimension a of the gap section 24 corresponds to the transverse dimension of the gap 13 (see Fig. 17 ).
  • the Figures 19 to 21 show a further embodiment of the gap-forming elements 7, 9.
  • Figure 19 shows a section, Figure 20 a view and Figure 21 a view of a section.
  • the gap-forming element 7 is analogous to the gap-forming element 7 from FIG Figures 1 to 3 educated.
  • the second gap-forming element 9 is designed in such a way that it comprises a plurality of annular gaps 20.
  • the annular gaps 20 are dimensioned in such a way that only sufficiently dispersed material can enter the second process area 5.
  • possibly existing grinding media 16 (not shown) from the first process area 4 (not shown) can be used shown) do not pass through the annular gap 20.
  • At least one of the gap-forming elements 7, 9 is designed to be rotatable about the axis of rotation 11.
  • the annular gaps 20 are stabilized by stabilizing webs 25.
  • Figures 22 to 24 show a further embodiment of the second gap-forming element 9.
  • the first gap-forming element 7 corresponds to the first gap-forming element from FIG Figures 1 to 3 .
  • Figure 22 shows a section, Figure 23 a view and Figure 24 a view of a section.
  • the first gap-forming element 7 comprises openings 8 which are analogous to the Figures 1 to 3 are trained.
  • the second gap-forming element 9 comprises openings 10 and additional annular gaps 20.
  • the annular gaps 20 are arranged in such a way that they overlap with the openings 8 in the first gap-forming element 7. Only already dispersed mixture can pass through the annular gap 20 and larger particles are kept away. This embodiment thus enables a larger passage, since the annular gap enables a larger passage volume
  • the Figures 25 and 26 show the arrangement of a first and second gap-forming element 7, 9 according to FIGS Figures 14 to 16 in a device 1.
  • Figure 25 shows here a section and Figure 26 a view of a section.
  • the device 1 comprises a housing 2 which contains a first gap-forming element 7 and a second gap-forming element 9.
  • An inlet 3 is formed in the housing 2.
  • the substances to be mixed are introduced into the first process area 4 through the inlet 3.
  • the first process area 4 further comprises grinding media 16.
  • the housing 2 is equipped with grinding tools 14 on the housing wall. Corresponding grinding tools 14 are formed on the first gap-forming element 7.
  • the dispersed Mixture passes from the first process area 4 through gaps 12, 13 into the second process area 5.
  • a conveying element 18 is formed which rotates about the axis of rotation 11. Furthermore, the first gap-forming element 7 also rotates about the axis of rotation 11. The mixture exits the second process area 5 through the outlet 6 from the housing.
  • the gaps 12, 13 are smaller than the diameter of the grinding media 16. Thus, no grinding media 16 can get into the second process area 5.
  • the length of the first process area 15 essentially corresponds to the length of the first gap-forming element 7.
  • the embodiment of the device 1 in FIGS Figures 27 and 28 corresponds essentially to the embodiment of FIG Figures 25 and 26 .
  • the device 1 additionally comprises a pump housing 21 of a water ring pump.
  • the pump housing 21 is flanged onto the housing 2 and comprises a pump inlet 23 and a pump outlet 22. From the pump outlet 22 premix is pumped to the inlet 3 of the device.
  • the Figure 27 shows here a section and the Figure 28 a view of a section.
  • the device 1 has an inlet 3 and an outlet 6 in the housing 2.
  • there are no auxiliary grinding bodies in this embodiment there are no auxiliary grinding bodies in this embodiment. However, it is of course possible to fill this in if this is desired.
  • the first process area extends essentially along the first gap-forming element 7. A high throughput can thus be achieved.
  • the advantage of the simultaneous formation of a pump lies in particular in the simplified control.
  • the Figures 29 and 30 show a further embodiment of the device 1.
  • the Figure 29 shows here a section and the Figure 30 a view of a section.
  • a side channel pump is arranged in the pump housing 21 in this embodiment.
  • the pump housing also comprises a pump inlet 23 and a pump outlet 22.
  • the premix is pumped from the pump outlet 22 into the inlet 3 of the device.
  • the design of the device apart from the pump housing 21 essentially corresponds to the embodiment in FIG Figures 25 and 26 .
  • Figure 31 shows an alternative embodiment of the device 1 in which the gap-forming elements 7, 9 only extend over a partial area of the first process area 4.
  • grinding tools 14 in the form of disks with holes are also designed.
  • the first gap-forming element 7 rotates around the second gap-forming element 9.
  • Both gap-forming elements 7, 9 each have openings 8, 10.
  • the mixture flows from the first process area 4 through the gap 13 into the second process area 5.
  • the housing 2 also has an inlet 3 and outlets 6.
  • the grinding tools 14 are arranged on a shaft 26.
  • the shaft 26 comprises a shaft groove 27 in which engagement cams 28 of the first gap-forming element 7 engage.
  • the first gap-forming element is driven by the same shaft as the grinding tools 14.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung und ein Verfahren zum Mischen, insbesondere Dispergieren gemäss dem Oberbegriff der unabhängigen Ansprüche.The present invention relates to a device and a method for mixing, in particular dispersing, according to the preamble of the independent claims.

In der Praxis, beispielsweise in der Farbenindustrie, wird häufig eine vorgegebene Menge Flüssigkeit mit einer vorgegebenen Menge eines pulverförmigen Feststoffs, in der Regel Pigment, vorgemischt. Derartige Gemische werden anschliessend in Rührwerksmühlen nötigenfalls noch weiter gemahlen und dispergiert. Beispielhafte industrielle Anwendungen sind die Herstellung von Farben und Lacken oder Ähnlichem.In practice, for example in the paint industry, a given amount of liquid is often premixed with a given amount of a pulverulent solid, usually pigment. Such mixtures are then, if necessary, further ground and dispersed in agitator mills. Exemplary industrial applications are the production of paints and varnishes or the like.

Unter Mischen wird vorliegend das derartige Vereinigen von Stoffen oder Stoffströmen verstanden, das eine möglichst gleichmässige Zusammensetzung erreicht wird; im Rahmen der Erfindung dient das Mischen insbesondere der Herstellung von Dispersionen, also dem Dispergieren. Unter einer Dispersion wird hierbei ein heterogenes Gemisch aus mindestens zwei Stoffen verstanden, die sich nicht oder kaum ineinander lösen oder chemisch miteinander verbinden. Beim Vorgang des Dispergierens wird ein Stoff (disperse Phase) möglichst fein in einen anderen Stoff (Dispersionsmittel bzw. kontinuierliche Phase) verteilt, gegebenenfalls unter Verwendung von Mahlhilfskörpern; in Rührwerksmühlen werden beispielsweise häufig kugelförmige Mahlhilfskörper eingesetzt. Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft vor allem (die Herstellung von) Suspensionen - also Dispersionen, bei welchen eine Flüssigkeit die kontinuierliche Phase und ein Feststoff die disperse Phase bildet. Neben der gleichmässigen Verteilung der disperse Phase in der kontinuierlichen Phase wird unter der Dispergierung auch die Benetzung des zu dispergierenden Stoffes (und gegebenenfalls die anschliessende Stabilisierung) verstanden. Bei der Zerkleinerung kann es sich typischerweise um die Auflösung von Agglomeraten in Primärteilchen handeln. Auch Aggregate bzw. Assoziate(wenn eine Zusammenlagerung durch van-der-Wals-Kräfte oder stärkere chemische Bildungsarten bewirkt ist) können jedoch beim Dispergieren in Primärteilchen zerkleinert werden. Während die Auflösung von Agglomeraten auch in Vorrichtungen ohne Mahlhilfskörper wie in einem Disperser oder Dissolver gelingen kann, werden zur Zerkleinerung von Aggregaten oder Kristallen Vorrichtungen mit Mahlhilfskörper benötigt, wie beispielsweise eine Rührwerksmühle mit kugelförmigen Mahlhilfskörpern. Unter Aggregaten im weiteren Sinne können hierbei auch grössere kristalline oder amorphe Strukturen verstanden werden. Im Falle der Zerkleinerung von Aggregaten, kristallinen oder amorphen Strukturen wird von Echtzerkleinerung gesprochen.In the present case, mixing is understood to mean combining substances or substance flows in such a way that a composition that is as uniform as possible is achieved; In the context of the invention, mixing is used in particular to produce dispersions, that is to say dispersing. A dispersion is understood here to be a heterogeneous mixture of at least two substances which do not or hardly dissolve in one another or which combine chemically with one another. During the dispersing process, one substance (disperse phase) is distributed as finely as possible into another substance (dispersion medium or continuous phase), if necessary using grinding aids; In agitator mills, for example, spherical auxiliary grinding bodies are often used. The present invention relates above all to (the production of) suspensions - that is to say dispersions in which a liquid forms the continuous phase and a solid forms the disperse phase. In addition to the uniform distribution of the disperse phase in the continuous phase, the wetting of the substance to be dispersed (and possibly the subsequent stabilization). The comminution can typically be the dissolution of agglomerates into primary particles. Aggregates or associates (if agglomeration is brought about by van der Wals forces or stronger types of chemical formation) can, however, be comminuted when dispersed into primary particles. While agglomerates can also be dissolved in devices without auxiliary grinding bodies, such as in a disperser or dissolver, devices with auxiliary grinding bodies are required for the comminution of aggregates or crystals, such as an agitator mill with spherical auxiliary grinding bodies. In this context, aggregates in the broader sense can also be understood to mean larger crystalline or amorphous structures. In the case of the comminution of aggregates, crystalline or amorphous structures, this is referred to as true comminution.

Gattungsgemässe Vorrichtung zum Mischen von zwei Stoffen, insbesondere von einer Flüssigkeit und einem Feststoff wie beispielsweise einem Pulver, weisen in üblicher Weise ein Gehäuse sowie ein sich darin drehenden Rotor auf. Mittels mindestens einer Zuführleitung werden die Stoffe in das Gehäuse eingeleitet. Während eines Betriebs der Vorrichtung werden die Stoffe mittels des Rotors vermischt und anschliessend aus dem Gehäuse ausgeleitet.Apparatus of the generic type for mixing two substances, in particular a liquid and a solid such as a powder, usually have a housing and a rotor rotating therein. The substances are introduced into the housing by means of at least one feed line. During operation of the device, the substances are mixed by means of the rotor and then discharged from the housing.

Eine Vorrichtung zum Dispergieren sowie ein dazugehöriges Verfahren sind in US 6,029,853 beschrieben. Die Vorrichtung zum Dispergieren umfasst eine Kammer zum Dispergieren, mindestens eine Rührscheibe, einen Einlass, durch den die Flüssigkeit mit dem zu behandelnden Material sowie das Dispersionsmedium durch die Drehung der Rührscheibe eingesaugt werden, ein Auslass sowie eine Trennvorrichtung. Die Trennvorrichtung ist am Auslass angeordnet. Mittels der Trennvorrichtung werden die Mahlhilfskörper von der Dispersion getrennt. Zusätzlich kann die Trennvorrichtung die Dispersion durch den Auslass auslassen, wobei die Mahlhilfskörper zurück gehalten werden, wie beschrieben.An apparatus for dispersing and an associated method are in U.S. 6,029,853 described. The device for dispersing comprises a chamber for dispersing, at least one stirring disk, an inlet through which the liquid with the material to be treated and the dispersion medium are sucked in by the rotation of the stirring disk, an outlet and a separating device. The separation device is arranged at the outlet. The auxiliary grinding bodies are removed by means of the separating device separated from the dispersion. In addition, the separation device can discharge the dispersion through the outlet, with the grinding aids being retained as described.

Die DE 10 2010 053 484 offenbart eine Rührwerkskugelmühle mit einer Trenneinrichtung für Mahlhilfskörper, wobei die Trenneinrichtung um eine Rotationsachse angeordnet ist. Die Trenneinrichtung besteht aus zwei Komponenten wobei eine Komponente mindestens eine Trenneinrichtung und eine zweite Komponente ein dynamisches Element zum Erzeugen eines Materialstromes ist. Die Vorrichtung umfasst einen sehr kleinen dynamischen Spalt als Trennvorrichtung, sodass die Fördermenge reduziert ist.The DE 10 2010 053 484 discloses an agitator ball mill with a separating device for auxiliary grinding bodies, the separating device being arranged around an axis of rotation. The separating device consists of two components, one component being at least one separating device and a second component being a dynamic element for generating a material flow. The device comprises a very small dynamic gap as a separating device, so that the delivery rate is reduced.

Die DE 1 507 493 offenbart eine Rührwerkskugelmühle mit scheibenförmigen Rührwerkzeugen in einem zylinderförmigen Gehäuse wobei oberhalb des Rotors eine oder zwei Scheiben angebracht sind, die mit Statorelementen dynamische Spalte ergeben. Auch hier ist die Fördermenge durch die geringe Anzahl von Austrittsspalten sehr begrenzt. Weiterhin ist die Möglichkeit zum Austritt des Gemisches aus der Vorrichtung nur sehr lokal möglich.The DE 1 507 493 discloses an agitator ball mill with disk-shaped agitating tools in a cylindrical housing, one or two disks being attached above the rotor which produce dynamic gaps with stator elements. Here, too, the delivery rate is very limited due to the small number of outlet gaps. Furthermore, the possibility of the mixture emerging from the device is only possible very locally.

Die DE 35 21 668 offenbart eine Rührwerksmühle, in der die Trennvorrichtung zum Abtrennen der Mahlkörper aus einem Sieb besteht. Ein derartiges Sieb kann leicht verstopfen und erhöht somit die Wartungshäufigkeit der Vorrichtung.The DE 35 21 668 discloses an agitator mill in which the separating device for separating the grinding media consists of a sieve. Such a sieve can easily become clogged and thus increases the maintenance frequency of the device.

Die Druckschrift EP0376001 A1 offenbart eine Rührwerksmühle mit Trennvorrichtung und rotierendem Käfig. Die Durchsatzleistung wird gesteigert, indem die Trennvorrichtung eine Wirksame Fläche hat, deren Grösse mindestens 20% der den Mahlraum begrenzenden Innenfläche des Mahlbehälters beträgt. Die Mahlvorrichtung wird schnell durchströmt und das Mahlgut muss sehr häufig durch die Vorrichtung geführt werden, um eine ausreichende Zerkleinerungsleistung zu erzielen.The pamphlet EP0376001 A1 discloses an agitator mill with separator and rotating cage. The throughput is increased in that the separating device has an effective area, the size of which is at least 20% of the inner area of the grinding container that delimits the grinding space. The flow through the grinding device is rapid and the material to be ground must very often through the Device are guided in order to achieve sufficient shredding performance.

Die Druckschrift US 4,136,971 offenbart eine Vorrichtung zum Erzeugen von akustischen Oszillationen in einer Flüssigkeit. Die Flüssigkeit durchströmt dazu Öffnungen in den Peripherien eines Rotors und eines Stators. Die Öffnungen werden in regelmässigen Zeitabständen in Deckung gebracht, wobei die Anzahl der Öffnungen im Rotor eine vielfaches der Anzahl der Öffnungen im Stator ist.The pamphlet U.S. 4,136,971 discloses an apparatus for generating acoustic oscillations in a liquid. For this purpose, the liquid flows through openings in the periphery of a rotor and a stator. The openings are brought into congruence at regular time intervals, the number of openings in the rotor being a multiple of the number of openings in the stator.

Die Druckschrift US 3,195,867 offenbart eine Vorrichtung zum Homogenisieren von Flüssigkeiten mit einen ringförmigen Stator, der spiralförmig angeordnete kreisförmigen Öffnungen aufweist, und einen sich um den Stator drehenden Rotor, der zwei Gruppen von sich axial erstreckende Öffnungen aufweist. Die Form der Öffnungen soll für einen Umwälzeffekt sorgen.The pamphlet U.S. 3,195,867 discloses an apparatus for homogenizing liquids comprising an annular stator having helically arranged circular openings and a rotor rotating about the stator having two sets of axially extending openings. The shape of the openings should provide a circulation effect.

Die Druckschrift EP 0 420 981 A1 offenbart eine Vorrichtung zum Erzeugen von akustischen Schwingungen in einer Flüssigkeit. Die Vorrichtung umfasst einen Rotor und einen darin angeordneten Stator, die jeweils durchgehende Kanäle aufweisen. Mindestens ein Kanal des Rotors fällt mit einem Kanal des Stators zusammen.The pamphlet EP 0 420 981 A1 discloses an apparatus for generating acoustic vibrations in a liquid. The device comprises a rotor and a stator arranged therein, each of which has continuous channels. At least one channel of the rotor coincides with a channel of the stator.

JP 2015 029943 offenbart einen mehrstufigen Spaltabscheider, der einen mit Öffnungen versehenen Rotor und einen mit Öffnungen versehenen Stator umfasst, wobei der Rotor drehbar innerhalb des zylindrischen Stators angeordnet ist. Der Spaltabscheider ist so in einem Behälter angeordnet, dass das zu bearbeitende Material in dem Behälter unterhalb vom Abscheider von einem Rührelement gerührt wird und durch den Spaltabscheider aus dem Behälter abgeführt wird. JP 2015 029943 discloses a multi-stage gap separator comprising an apertured rotor and an apertured stator, the rotor being rotatably disposed within the cylindrical stator. The gap separator is arranged in a container in such a way that the material to be processed in the container below the separator is stirred by a stirring element and is removed from the container through the gap separator.

Es ist daher Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, die Nachteile des Standes der Technik zu vermeiden und insbesondere eine Vorrichtung und ein Verfahren zum Mischen, Dispergieren und insbesondere zur Abtrennung von Mahlhilfskörpern, zu schaffen, welche einen hohen Durchsatz an Material und gleichzeitig die Wahrscheinlichkeit einer Verstopfung oder Zusetzung eines Durchflusses verringert.
Die Aufgabe wird gelöst durch eine Vorrichtung und ein Verfahren zum Mischen gemäss dem kennzeichnenden Teil der unabhängigen Ansprüche.It is therefore the object of the present invention to avoid the disadvantages of the prior art and, in particular, to create a device and a method for mixing, dispersing and in particular for separating auxiliary grinding bodies, which allow a high throughput of material and at the same time the probability of clogging or Reduced clogging of a flow.
The object is achieved by a device and a method for mixing according to the characterizing part of the independent claims.

Die Aufgabe wird durch eine Vorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 1 gelöst.The object is achieved by a device according to claim 1.

Die Öffnungen des ersten spaltbildenden Elementes und die Öffnungen des zweiten spaltbildenden Elementes sind derart angeordnet, dass ein Gemisch aus den zugeführten Stoffen durch die Öffnungen in den beiden spaltbildenden Elementen vom ersten in den zweiten Prozessbereich leitbar ist.
Eine derartige Vorrichtung führt zu einem hohen Durchsatz ohne dass die Gefahr einer Verstopfung besteht.
Die spaltbildenden Elemente müssen relativ zueinander drehbar sein, sodass auch beide Elemente drehbar ausgebildet sein können. In diesem Fall müssen die Drehgeschwindigkeiten und/oder die Drehrichtung sich unterscheiden.The openings of the first gap-forming element and the openings of the second gap-forming element are arranged in such a way that a mixture of the supplied substances can be conducted through the openings in the two gap-forming elements from the first into the second process area.
Such a device leads to a high throughput without the risk of clogging.
The gap-forming elements must be rotatable relative to one another, so that both elements can also be designed to be rotatable. In this case, the rotational speeds and / or the direction of rotation must differ.

Die Öffnungen in den spaltbildenden Elementen sind derart angeordnet, dass sich die Öffnungen nicht überlappen und ein Materialübertritt von den Öffnungen des ersten spaltbildenden Elementes zu den Öffnungen des zweiten spaltbildenden Elementes nur durch einen Spalt zwischen den Öffnungen möglich ist. Nach dem Passieren des Spaltes sollen die Öffnungen einen grossen Materialfluss ermöglichen und daher einen im Vergleich zum Spalt grossen Öffnungsdurchmesser/Öffnungsquerschnitt aufweisen. Der erfindungsgemässe Spalt ist zwischen den beiden spaltbildenden Elementen ausgebildet. Die kleinste Ausdehnung der Öffnungen in dem ersten spaltbildenden Element ist bevorzugt mindestens 3 mal so gross wie die grösste Ausdehnung des Spaltes zwischen den beiden spaltbildenden Elementen. Bevorzugt ist ausserdem auch die kleinste Ausdehnung der Öffnungen in dem zweiten spaltbildenden Element mindestens 3 mal so gross wie die grösste Ausdehnung des Spaltes zwischen den beiden spaltbildenden Elementen. Für eine Ausführungsform bei der das zweite spaltbildende Element Ringspalte umfasst, müssen die Ausdehnungen der Ringspalte selbstverständlich im Wesentlichen der Ausdehnung des Spaltes zwischen den spaltbildenden Elementen entsprechen oder kleiner als der Spalt zwischen den spaltbildenden Elementen sein. In einer Ausführungsform mit Ringspalten eines spaltbildenden Elementes wird ein hoher Durchfluss durch eine hohe Anzahl an Ringspalten erzielt. Der erfindungsgemässe Spalt zwischen dem ersten spaltbildenden Element und dem zweiten spaltbildenden Element weist eine Trennfunktion auf. Durch die Ausdehnung des Spaltes wird verhindert, dass Teilchen, die grösser sind als der Spalt, in den zweiten Prozessbereich gelangen.The openings in the gap-forming elements are arranged in such a way that the openings do not overlap and material can only pass from the openings of the first gap-forming element to the openings of the second gap-forming element through a gap between the openings. After passing through the gap, the openings should allow a large flow of material and therefore have a large opening diameter / opening cross-section compared to the gap. The gap according to the invention is formed between the two gap-forming elements. The smallest dimension of the openings in the first gap-forming element is preferably at least 3 times as large as the largest dimension of the gap between the two gap-forming elements. It is also preferred the smallest dimension of the openings in the second gap-forming element at least 3 times as large as the largest dimension of the gap between the two gap-forming elements. For an embodiment in which the second gap-forming element comprises annular gaps, the dimensions of the annular gaps must, of course, essentially correspond to the dimensions of the gap between the gap-forming elements or be smaller than the gap between the gap-forming elements. In one embodiment with annular gaps of a gap-forming element, a high flow rate is achieved through a large number of annular gaps. The gap according to the invention between the first gap-forming element and the second gap-forming element has a separating function. The expansion of the gap prevents particles that are larger than the gap from entering the second process area.

Zwischen dem Gehäuse und dem ersten spaltbildenden Element kann zumindest ein, bevorzugt zwei, bevorzugt dynamische, Spalte gebildet sein.At least one, preferably two, preferably dynamic, gaps can be formed between the housing and the first gap-forming element.

Somit wird ein Durchtritt von zu grossen Elementen auch zwischen Gehäuse und erstem spaltbildendem Element verhindert. Trotzdem sind keine weiteren Trenneinrichtungen notwendig.This also prevents elements that are too large from passing through between the housing and the first gap-forming element. Nevertheless, no further separation devices are necessary.

Das erste spaltbildende Element kann das zweite spaltbildende Element umgeben und zwischen beiden Elementen kann ein Spalt von maximal 3 mm, bevorzugt 1,0 mm und insbesondere bevorzugt 0,5 mm ausgebildet sein. Der minimale Spalt hat eine Querausdehnung von 0,1mm.The first gap-forming element can surround the second gap-forming element and a gap of at most 3 mm, preferably 1.0 mm and particularly preferably 0.5 mm can be formed between the two elements. The minimum gap has a transverse dimension of 0.1 mm.

Insbesondere ist zwischen den beiden spaltbildenden Elementen ein Spalt ausgebildet, dessen maximale Ausdehnung kleiner ist als das kleinste Element der Mahlkörper, die in die Vorrichtung einfüllbar sind oder eingefüllt sind. Bevorzugt ist der Spalt maximal halb so gross wie der Durchmesser des kleinesten Mahlkörpers.In particular, a gap is formed between the two gap-forming elements, the maximum extent of which is smaller than the smallest element of the grinding media that is in the device are or are filled. The gap is preferably a maximum of half as large as the diameter of the smallest grinding body.

Am ersten spaltbildenden Element und/oder am Gehäuse sind Mahlwerkzeuge angeordnet, die zum Vermischen oder zur Dispersion der eingeführten Stoffe im ersten Prozessbereich ausgebildet sind.
Derartige Mahlwerkzeuge können Stifte oder Scheiben oder andere bekannte Ausführungsformen von Mahlwerkzeugen sein.
Durch Mahlwerkzeuge wird die Effektivität der Dispergierung erhöht. Bevorzugt ist das erste spaltbildende Element als Rotor ausgebildet, sodass mit den Mahlwerkzeugen am Rotor die Bewegung von den zugeführten Stoffen und eventuell der Mahlkörper erzeugt wird und so eine Dispersion im ersten Prozessbereich erzielt wird. Das erste spaltbildende Element kann sich entlang einer Länge des ersten Prozessbereiches im Wesentlichen vollständig erstrecken.
Somit wird eine grosse Fläche mit Spalten versehen, die nicht zusetzen können und trotzdem einen grossen Durchfluss erzielen.
In den ersten Prozessbereich können Mahlkörper einfüllbar sein, deren Weiterleitung in den zweiten Prozessbereich durch Spalte, insbesondere dynamische Spalte, verhinderbar ist.
Die dynamischen Spalte können zwischen dem ersten spaltbildenden und dem zweiten spaltbildenden Element sowie zusätzlich zwischen dem ersten spaltbildenden Element und dem Gehäuse ausgebildet sein. Somit gelangt ausschliesslich fertig dispergiertes Material in den zweiten Prozessbereich und eine Verstopfung der Spalte ist durch die Bewegung an den Spalträndern nicht möglich.On the first gap-forming element and / or on the housing, grinding tools are arranged which are designed for mixing or for dispersing the substances introduced in the first process area.
Such grinding tools can be pins or discs or other known embodiments of grinding tools.
The effectiveness of the dispersion is increased by grinding tools. The first gap-forming element is preferably designed as a rotor, so that the grinding tools on the rotor are used to generate the movement of the materials supplied and possibly the grinding media, thus achieving dispersion in the first process area. The first gap-forming element can extend essentially completely along a length of the first process region.
In this way, a large area is provided with gaps that cannot clog and still achieve a large flow.
In the first process area, grinding media can be filled, the forwarding of which into the second process area can be prevented by gaps, in particular dynamic gaps.
The dynamic gaps can be formed between the first gap-forming element and the second gap-forming element and additionally between the first gap-forming element and the housing. This means that only ready-dispersed material arrives into the second process area and blockage of the gap is not possible due to the movement at the gap edges.

Zwischen dem ersten und dem zweiten Prozessbereich ist bevorzugt keine statische Trennvorrichtung ausgebildet.Preferably, no static separating device is formed between the first and the second process area.

Somit kann die statische Trennvorrichtung nicht verstopfen. Eine statische Trennvorrichtung ist eine Trennvorrichtung, bei der sich die Ränder der Öffnungen, durch die das Gemisch hindurchtritt, nicht bewegen. Statische Trennvorrichtungen sind somit insbesondere fest montierte Siebe.Thus, the static separator cannot clog. A static separator is one in which the edges of the openings through which the mixture passes do not move. Static separation devices are therefore in particular permanently mounted screens.

Alternativ, kann das zweite spaltbildende Element als statische Trennvorrichtung ausgebildet sein, wobei bevorzugt die Öffnungen in der statischen Trennvorrichtung kleiner sind als der minimale Durchmesser der Mahlkörper. Insbesondere bevorzugt sind die Öffnungen in der statischen Trennvorrichtung durch Ringspalte gebildet.Alternatively, the second gap-forming element can be designed as a static separating device, the openings in the static separating device preferably being smaller than the minimum diameter of the grinding media. The openings in the static separating device are particularly preferably formed by annular gaps.

Eine derartige statische Trennvorrichtung hält Mahlkörper sowie zu grosse Partikel zuverlässig von dem zweiten Prozessbereich ab.Such a static separating device reliably keeps grinding media and excessively large particles from the second process area.

Beide spaltbildenden Elemente können zylindrisch oder konisch ausgebildet sein.Both gap-forming elements can be cylindrical or conical.

Somit lässt sich eine grosse Fläche zum Übertritt vom ersten in den zweiten Prozessbereich und gleichzeitig eine hohe rotatorische Energie erzielen.Thus, a large area for the transition from the first to the second process area and at the same time a high rotational energy can be achieved.

Alternativ wäre eine Ausbildung der spaltbildenden Elemente als Kreisscheiben denkbar, die zwischen dem ersten und dem zweiten Prozessbereich angeordnet sind.Alternatively, the gap-forming elements could be designed as circular disks, which are arranged between the first and the second process area.

Der Spalt zwischen dem ersten spaltbildenden Element und dem zweiten spaltbildenden Element kann eine Längsausdehnung aufweisen, die parallel zur Rotationsachse ausgebildet ist. Für den Fall von kreisscheibenförmigen spaltbildenden Elementen kann der Spalt im Wesentlichen senkrecht zur Rotationsachse ausgebildet sein. Für den Fall von konischen spaltbildenden Elementen kann der Spalt in einem Winkel von 1° bis 89° zur Rotationsachse ausgebildet sein.
Somit lässt sich eine zuverlässige Abtrennung der Malhilfskörper erreichen ohne dass Verstopfungen möglich sind.The gap between the first gap-forming element and the second gap-forming element can have a longitudinal extent which is formed parallel to the axis of rotation. In the case of circular disk-shaped gap-forming elements, the gap can be formed essentially perpendicular to the axis of rotation. In the case of conical gap-forming elements, the gap can be formed at an angle of 1 ° to 89 ° to the axis of rotation.
A reliable separation of the auxiliary painting bodies can thus be achieved without blockages being possible.

Die Öffnungen der spaltbildenden Elemente erstrecken sich auf einer Länge von mindestens 50%, bevorzugt 60% insbesondere bevorzugt 70% der Länge des ersten spaltbildenden Elementes im ersten Prozessbereich.
Somit lässt sich ein hoher Durchsatz erreichen.
Die relativen Angaben beziehen sich hierbei nicht auf die Ausdehnung der Öffnungen, sondern auf den Bereich, der mit Öffnungen versehen ist.
Des Weiteren können zwei oder mehr Bohrungen am Umfang des zweiten spaltbildenden Elementes durch eine Nut, bevorzugt eine gefräste Nut, miteinander verbunden sein. Selbstverständlich darf die Nut sich nicht mit den Öffnungen im ersten spaltbildenden Element überlappen. Somit lässt sich ein grosses Abflussvolumen schaffen und das Gemisch wird schnell in den zweiten Prozessbereich abgeführt.
Das Gehäuse der Vorrichtung kann weiterhin ein Pumpengehäuse umfassen oder mit einem Pumpengehäuse verbunden sein, welches eine Pumpe auf dem Gehäuse der Vorrichtung ausbildet. Pumpengehäuse und Gehäuse der Vorrichtung können einstückig oder mehrstückig ausgebildet sein. Bei mehrstückiger Ausbildung ist das Pumpengehäuse bevorzugt auf dem Gehäuse der Vorrichtung angeflanscht.
Im Pumpengehäuse ist eine Pumpe angeordnet.
Somit ist die benötigte Pumpe direkt mit der Vorrichtung zum Mischen verbunden und es ist nur eine Steuerung sowie weniger externe Leitungen notwendig.
Zum Antrieb der Pumpe kann die gleiche Welle verwendet werden, wie zum Antrieb des sich bewegenden spaltbildenden Elementes und/oder der Mahlwerkzeuge.
Dies führt zu weniger Einzelteilen und dadurch zu weniger Komplexität.
Das Pumpengehäuse umfasst einen Pumpeneinlass und einen Pumpenauslass.
Bei der Pumpe kann es sich um eine Kreiselpumpe, eine Flüssigkeitsringpumpe, eine Seitenkanalpumpe oder eine Verdrängerpumpe, wie beispielsweise eine Impellerpumpe handeln.The openings of the gap-forming elements extend over a length of at least 50%, preferably 60%, particularly preferably 70% of the length of the first gap-forming element in the first process area.
A high throughput can thus be achieved.
The relative information does not relate to the extent of the openings, but to the area that is provided with openings.
Furthermore, two or more bores on the circumference of the second gap-forming element can be connected to one another by a groove, preferably a milled groove. Of course, the groove must not overlap with the openings in the first gap-forming element. This allows a large outflow volume to be created and the mixture is quickly discharged into the second process area.
The housing of the device can further comprise a pump housing or be connected to a pump housing, which is a Pump forms on the housing of the device. The pump housing and housing of the device can be designed in one piece or in several pieces. In the case of a multi-piece design, the pump housing is preferably flanged onto the housing of the device.
A pump is arranged in the pump housing.
Thus, the required pump is directly connected to the device for mixing and only one control and fewer external lines are necessary.
The same shaft can be used to drive the pump as to drive the moving gap-forming element and / or the grinding tools.
This leads to fewer individual parts and therefore less complexity.
The pump housing includes a pump inlet and a pump outlet.
The pump can be a centrifugal pump, a liquid ring pump, a side channel pump or a displacement pump such as an impeller pump.

Die Aufgabe wird weiterhin durch ein Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 10 gelöst.The object is also achieved by a method according to claim 10.

Mit einem derartigen Verfahren lassen sich grössere Mengen von Stoffen mischen, insbesondere dispergieren, insbesondere bevorzugt vordispergieren, ohne dass Stoffe die Trennvorrichtungen verstopfen und eine Wartung der Vorrichtung notwendig wird.
Das Gemisch kann weiterhin zusätzlich durch einen oder mehrere dynamische Spalte zwischen dem ersten spaltbildenden Element und einem Gehäuse der Vorrichtung geleitet werden.
Somit ist auch zwischen Gehäuse und Vorrichtung eine dynamische Trenneinrichtung vorgesehen, die nicht verstopft und gleichzeitig die Bauart der Vorrichtung vereinfacht.
Die Dispergierung im ersten Prozessbereich kann durch Mahlkörper und/oder Mahlwerkzeuge erzielt werden.
Mahlwerkzeuge können Scheiben oder Stifte oder ähnliche Mahlwerkzeuge sein, die bereits aus dem Stand der Technik bekannt sind. Mahlkörper sind harte, runde oder elliptische Körper, die zur Dispergierung des Materials beitragen. Die Mahlkörper sind auf dem gewünschten Dispersionsgrad angepasst und können auch je nach eingeführtem Stoff eine andere Grösse aufweisen. Die Mahlkörper werden durch den Spalt/die Spalte zwischen den spaltbildenden Elementen und/oder dem Gehäuse aufgehalten.With a method of this type, larger quantities of substances can be mixed, in particular dispersed, particularly preferably predispersed, without substances clogging the separating devices and without having to maintain the device.
The mixture can also be passed through one or more dynamic gaps between the first gap-forming element and a housing of the device.
Thus, a dynamic separating device is also provided between the housing and the device, which does not clog and at the same time simplifies the design of the device.
The dispersion in the first process area can be achieved using grinding media and / or grinding tools.
Grinding tools can be disks or pins or similar grinding tools that are already known from the prior art. Grinding media are hard, round or elliptical bodies that help disperse the material. The grinding media are adapted to the desired degree of dispersion and can also have a different size depending on the substance introduced. The grinding media are held up by the gap / the gap between the gap-forming elements and / or the housing.

Die Dispergierung kann durch Mahlkörper erzielt werden, die eine mindestens 1,5-mal bevorzugt 3-mal insbesondere 10-mal grösseren Durchmesser aufweisen als der grösste Spalt als Querausdehnung aufweist.The dispersion can be achieved by grinding media which have a diameter which is at least 1.5 times, preferably 3 times, in particular 10 times larger than the transverse dimension of the largest gap.

Somit können die Mahlkörper nicht durch den Spalt gelangen und der Spalt dient als dynamische Trennvorrichtung.Thus the grinding media cannot pass through the gap and the gap serves as a dynamic separating device.

Das Gemisch kann durch mindestens 4, bevorzugt 20, insbesondere bevorzugt 100, Öffnungen in dem ersten spaltbildenden Element geleitet werden.
Das Gemisch kann weiterhin durch mindestens 4, bevorzugt mindestens 50, insbesondere bevorzugt min. 200 Öffnungen im zweiten spaltbildenden Element geleitet werden.
Somit lässt sich durch die Anzahl der Öffnungen ein optimierter Durchsatz an Gemisch erzielen. Die Öffnungen im zweiten spaltbildenden Element können zumindest teilweise durch Bohrungen gebildet sein.The mixture can be passed through at least 4, preferably 20, particularly preferably 100, openings in the first gap-forming element.
The mixture can furthermore by at least 4, preferably at least 50, particularly preferably min. 200 openings are passed in the second gap-forming element.
An optimized throughput of mixture can thus be achieved through the number of openings. The openings in the second gap-forming element can be at least partially formed by bores.

Des Weiteren können zwei oder mehr Bohrungen am Umfang durch eine Nut, bevorzugt eine gefräste Nut miteinander verbunden sein. Selbstverständlich darf die Nut sich nicht mit den Öffnungen im ersten spaltbildenden Element überlappen. Somit lässt sich ein grosses Abflussvolumen schaffen und das Gemisch wird schnell in den zweiten Prozessbereich abgeführt.Furthermore, two or more bores on the circumference can be connected to one another by a groove, preferably a milled groove. Of course, the groove must not overlap with the openings in the first gap-forming element. This allows a large outflow volume to be created and the mixture is quickly discharged into the second process area.

Die Erfindung wird im Folgenden anhand von Figuren näher erläutert. Hierbei zeigt

Figur 1:
Einen Schnitt durch ein erstes und ein zweites spaltbildendes Element,
Figur 2:
Eine Ansicht auf eine erste Ausführungsform gemäss Figur 1,
Figur 3:
Eine Ansicht auf einen Schnitt durch eine erste Ausführungsform gemäss Figur 1,
Figur 4:
Eine Ansicht auf eine zweite Ausführungsform eines ersten und zweiten spaltbildenden Elementes
Figur 5:
Einen Schnitt durch eine zweite Ausführungsform gemäss Figur 4,
Figur 6:
Eine schräge Ansicht auf eine zweite Ausführungsform gemäss Figur 4,
Figur 7:
Eine Ansicht auf einen Schnitt einer zweiten Ausführungsform gemäss Figur 4,
Figur 8:
Einen Schnitt durch eine dritte Ausführungsform eines ersten und zweiten spaltbildenden Elementes
Figur 9:
Eine Ansicht auf eine dritte Ausführungsform gemäss Figur 8,
Figur 10:
Eine Ansicht auf einen Schnitt einer dritten Ausführungsform gemäss Figur 8,
Figur 11:
Einen Schnitt durch eine vierte Ausführungsform eines ersten und zweiten spaltbildenden Elementes
Figur 12:
Eine Ansicht auf eine vierte Ausführungsform gemäss Figur 11,
Figur 13:
Eine Ansicht auf einen Schnitt durch eine vierte Ausführungsform gemäss Figur 11,
Figur 14:
Einen Schnitt durch eine Ausführungsform des ersten und zweiten spaltbildenden Elementes mit Förderelement,
Figur 15:
Eine Ansicht einer Vorrichtung aus Figur 14,
Figur 16:
Eine Ansicht auf einen Schnitt durch eine Vorrichtung aus Figur 14,
Figur 17:
Einen Schnitt durch eine erste Ausführungsform eines ersten und zweiten spaltbildenden Elementes,
Figur 18:
Ausschnitt aus Figur 17,
Figur 19:
Einen Schnitt durch eine fünfte Ausführungsform eines ersten und zweiten spaltbildenden Elementes,
Figur 20:
Eine Ansicht aus der Vorrichtung aus Figur 19,
Figur 21:
Eine Ansicht auf einen Schnitt aus der Vorrichtung aus Figur 19,
Figur 22:
Einen Schnitt aus einer sechsten Ausführungsform eines ersten und zweiten spaltbildenden Elementes,
Figur 23:
Eine Ansicht einer Vorrichtung aus Figur 22,
Figur 24:
Eine Ansicht auf einen Schnitt auf eine Vorrichtung aus Figur 22,
Figur 25:
Einen Schnitt durch eine erfindungsgemässe Vorrichtung,
Figur 26:
Eine Ansicht auf einen Schnitt aus Figur 25,
Figur 27:
Eine zweite Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemässen Vorrichtung,
Figur 28:
Eine Ansicht auf einen Schnitt aus einer Vorrichtung aus Figur 27,
Figur 29:
Einen Schnitt durch eine dritte Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemässen Vorrichtung,
Figur 30:
Eine Ansicht auf einen Schnitt der Vorrichtung aus Figur 29,
Figur 31:
Einen Schnitt durch eine dritte Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemässen Vorrichtung.
The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to figures. Here shows
Figure 1:
A section through a first and a second gap-forming element,
Figure 2:
A view of a first embodiment according to Figure 1 ,
Figure 3:
A view of a section through a first embodiment according to FIG Figure 1 ,
Figure 4:
A view of a second embodiment of a first and second gap-forming element
Figure 5:
A section through a second embodiment according to Figure 4 ,
Figure 6:
An oblique view of a second embodiment according to Figure 4 ,
Figure 7:
A view of a section according to a second embodiment Figure 4 ,
Figure 8:
A section through a third embodiment of a first and second gap-forming element
Figure 9:
A view of a third embodiment according to Figure 8 ,
Figure 10:
A view of a section according to a third embodiment Figure 8 ,
Figure 11:
A section through a fourth embodiment of a first and second gap-forming element
Figure 12:
A view of a fourth embodiment according to Figure 11 ,
Figure 13:
A view of a section through a fourth embodiment according to Figure 11 ,
Figure 14:
A section through an embodiment of the first and second gap-forming element with conveying element,
Figure 15:
A view of a device from Figure 14 ,
Figure 16:
A view of a section through a device Figure 14 ,
Figure 17:
A section through a first embodiment of a first and second gap-forming element,
Figure 18:
excerpt from Figure 17 ,
Figure 19:
A section through a fifth embodiment of a first and second gap-forming element,
Figure 20:
A view from inside the device Figure 19 ,
Figure 21:
A view of a section from the device Figure 19 ,
Figure 22:
A section from a sixth embodiment of a first and second gap-forming element,
Figure 23:
A view of a device from Figure 22 ,
Figure 24:
A view of a section on a device Figure 22 ,
Figure 25:
A section through a device according to the invention,
Figure 26:
A view of a section Figure 25 ,
Figure 27:
A second embodiment of a device according to the invention,
Figure 28:
A view of a section from a device Figure 27 ,
Figure 29:
A section through a third embodiment of the device according to the invention,
Figure 30:
A view of a section of the device Figure 29 ,
Figure 31:
A section through a third embodiment of the device according to the invention.

Die Figuren 1 bis 13 zeigen jeweils verschiedene Ansichten von verschiedenen Ausführungsformen der spaltbildenden Elemente 7, 9. Jede dieser Ausführungsformen kann in ein Gehäuse 2 einer Vorrichtung 1 eingebaut werden.The Figures 1 to 13 each show different views of different embodiments of the gap-forming elements 7, 9. Each of these embodiments can be installed in a housing 2 of a device 1.

Die Figuren 1 bis 3 zeigen eine erste Ausführungsform der spaltbildenden Elemente 7, 9. Figur 1 zeigt hierbei einen Schnitt, Figur 2 eine Ansicht und Figur 3 eine Ansicht auf einen Schnitt. Das erste spaltbildende Element 7 ist zylindrisch ausgebildet und umgibt das zweite spaltbildende Element 9. Auch das zweite spaltbildende Element 9 ist zylindrisch ausgebildet. Das erste spaltbildende Element 7 umfasst Öffnungen 8, die rechteckig ausgebildet sind, wobei die Ecken der Öffnungen 8 abgerundet wurden. Das zweite spaltbildende Element 9 umfasst Öffnungen 10, die rund ausgebildet sind. Die Öffnungen 8 und die Öffnungen 10 überlappen sich nicht. Zwischen den Öffnungen 8 und den Öffnungen 10 sind Spalte 13 ausgebildet. Zumindest eines der beiden spaltbildenden Elemente 7, 9 ist drehbar um Rotationsachse 11 ausgebildet. Somit entstehen dynamische Spalte 13. Das erste spaltbildende Element 7 ist zum ersten Prozessbereich 4 hin gerichtet, während das zweite spaltbildende Element 9 zum zweiten Prozessbereich 5 hin gerichtet ist. Das zweite spaltbildende Element 9 umfasst weiterhin eine Verbindungsnut 29, die die Öffnungen 10 entlang des Umfangs des zweiten spaltbildenden Elementes verbindet. Somit wird ein verbesserter Abtransport des Gemisches nach Durchtritt durch den Spalt ermöglicht. Auch die Verbindungsnut 29 überlappt sich nicht mit den Öffnungen 8 des ersten spaltbildenden Elementes 7. Die Öffnungen 8 haben eine Ausdehnung von 15x30mm, die Öffnungen 10 haben einen Durchmesser von 12mm im Bereich der Bohrung. Weiterhin sind die Öffnungen 10 in Umfangsrichtung durch eine Nut verbunden, die eine Ausdehnung von 13mm aufweist. Die notwendige Ausdehnung der Öffnungen 8,10 beträgt mindestens drei Mal den grössten Durchmesser der verwendeten Mahlkörper, falls Mahlkörper verwendet werden.The Figures 1 to 3 show a first embodiment of the gap-forming elements 7, 9. Figure 1 shows a section, Figure 2 a view and Figure 3 a view of a section. The first gap-forming element 7 is cylindrical and surrounds the second gap-forming element 9. The second gap-forming element 9 is also cylindrical. The first gap-forming element 7 comprises openings 8 which are rectangular in shape, the corners of the openings 8 being rounded. The second gap-forming element 9 comprises openings 10 which are round. The openings 8 and the openings 10 do not overlap. Gaps 13 are formed between the openings 8 and the openings 10. At least one of the two gap-forming elements 7, 9 is designed to be rotatable about the axis of rotation 11. This creates dynamic gaps 13. The first gap-forming element 7 is directed towards the first process area 4, while the second gap-forming element 9 is directed towards the second process area 5. The second gap-forming element 9 further comprises a connecting groove 29 which connects the openings 10 along the circumference of the second gap-forming element. This enables the mixture to be transported away more effectively after passing through the gap. The connecting groove 29 also does not overlap with the openings 8 of the first gap-forming element 7. The openings 8 have an area of 15 × 30 mm, the openings 10 have a diameter of 12 mm in the region of the bore. Furthermore, the openings 10 are connected in the circumferential direction by a groove which has an extension of 13 mm. The necessary expansion of the openings 8, 10 is at least three times the largest diameter of the grinding media used, if grinding media are used.

Die Figuren 4 bis 7 zeigen eine zweite Ausführungsform der spaltbildenden Elemente 7, 9. Figur 4 zeigt hierbei eine Ansicht, Figur 5 einen Schnitt, Figur 6 eine schräge Ansicht und Figur 7 eine Ansicht auf einen Schnitt. Die beiden spaltbildenden Elemente 7 und 9 sind kreisscheibenförmig ausgebildet. Das erste spaltbildende Element 7 umfasst Öffnungen 8, die rund ausgebildet sind. Das zweite spaltbildende Element 9 umfasst Öffnungen 10 die ebenfalls rund ausgebildet sind. Die Öffnungen 8 überlappen sich nicht mit den Öffnungen 10. Somit entsteht ein Spalt 13 durch den das Gemisch vom ersten Prozessbereich 4 (nicht dargestellt) in den zweiten Prozessbereich 5 (nicht dargestellt) übertreten kann. Zumindest eines der spaltbildenden Elemente 7, 9 ist um Rotationsachse 11 drehbar ausgebildet.The Figures 4 to 7 show a second embodiment of the gap-forming elements 7, 9. Figure 4 shows here a view Figure 5 a cut, Figure 6 an oblique view and Figure 7 a view of a section. The two gap-forming elements 7 and 9 are circular disk-shaped. The first gap-forming element 7 comprises openings 8 which are round are. The second gap-forming element 9 comprises openings 10 which are also round. The openings 8 do not overlap with the openings 10. This creates a gap 13 through which the mixture can pass from the first process area 4 (not shown) into the second process area 5 (not shown). At least one of the gap-forming elements 7, 9 is designed to be rotatable about the axis of rotation 11.

Die Figuren 8 bis 10 zeigen eine dritte Ausführungsform der spaltbildenden Elemente 7, 9. Figur 8 zeigt hierbei einen Schnitt, Figur 9 eine Ansicht und Figur 10 eine Ansicht auf einen Schnitt. Das erste spaltbildende Element 7 ist zum ersten Prozessbereich 4 (nicht dargestellt) hin gerichtet und das zweite spaltbildende Element 9 ist zum zweiten Prozessbereich 5 hin gerichtet. Das erste spaltbildende Element 7 umfasst Öffnungen 8 die rund ausgebildet sind. Das erste spaltbildende Element 7 umgibt das zweite spaltbildende Element 9 vollständig, wobei beide spaltbildenden Elemente 7 und 9 rotationssymmetrisch, konisch ausgebildet sind. Das zweite spaltbildende Element 9 umfasst Öffnungen 10, die ebenfalls rund ausgebildet sind. Zumindest eines der spaltbildenden Elemente 7, 9 ist um Rotationsachse 11 drehbar ausgebildet. Die Öffnungen 8 und die Öffnungen 10 überlappen sich nicht, sondern bilden Spalte 13 (exemplarisch eingefügt) durch die das Gemisch von dem ersten Prozessbereich 4 (nicht dargestellt) in den zweiten Prozessbereich 5 fliessen kann.The Figures 8 to 10 show a third embodiment of the gap-forming elements 7, 9. Figure 8 shows a section, Figure 9 a view and Figure 10 a view of a section. The first gap-forming element 7 is directed towards the first process area 4 (not shown) and the second gap-forming element 9 is directed towards the second process area 5. The first gap-forming element 7 comprises openings 8 which are round. The first gap-forming element 7 completely surrounds the second gap-forming element 9, both gap-forming elements 7 and 9 being rotationally symmetrical and conical. The second gap-forming element 9 comprises openings 10 which are also round. At least one of the gap-forming elements 7, 9 is designed to be rotatable about the axis of rotation 11. The openings 8 and the openings 10 do not overlap, but rather form gaps 13 (inserted by way of example) through which the mixture can flow from the first process area 4 (not shown) into the second process area 5.

Figuren 11 bis 13 zeigen eine weitere Ausführungsform der spaltbildenden Elemente 7, 9. Figur 11 zeigt hierbei einen Schnitt, Figur 12 eine Ansicht und Figur 13 einen Schnitt durch die Ebene B-B der Figur 11. Die Ausführungsform aus den Figuren 11 bis 13 entspricht im Wesentlichen der Ausführungsform aus den Figuren 1 bis 3 abgesehen von der Form und der Anzahl der Öffnungen 8. Figures 11 to 13 show a further embodiment of the gap-forming elements 7, 9. Figure 11 shows a section, Figure 12 a view and Figure 13 a section through the plane BB of Figure 11 . The embodiment from the Figures 11 to 13 corresponds essentially to the embodiment from FIG Figures 1 to 3 apart from the shape and the number of openings 8.

Die Öffnungen 8 im ersten spaltbildenden Element 7 sind asymmetrisch geformt und umfassen abweichend von den Öffnungen 8 aus der Ausführungsform der Figuren 1 bis 3 eine Rampe 19. Die Rampe 19 dient als strömungsoptimierte Ausführungsform zur Mahlkörperabweisung bei Ausbildung des ersten spaltbildenden Elements 7 als Rotor. Die Anzahl der Öffnungen 8 beträgt jeweils acht Öffnungen 8 in Umfangsrichtung und vier in Längsrichtung, daher insgesamt 32 Öffnungen 8 im ersten spaltbildenden Element 7. Somit kann das Gemisch leichter in die Öffnungen 8 gelangen und ein höherer Durchfluss in den zweiten Prozessbereich 5 wird erzielt. Das erste spaltbildende Element 7 ist hierbei um Rotationsachse 11 drehbar ausgebildet. Die Rampe 19 hat hierbei eine Neigung (alpha) zur Tangente am Innendurchmesser des ersten spaltbildenden Elementes (7) von 10° bis 80°, bevorzugt 30°.The openings 8 in the first gap-forming element 7 are asymmetrically shaped and, unlike the openings 8 from the embodiment of FIG Figures 1 to 3 a ramp 19. The ramp 19 serves as a flow-optimized embodiment for rejecting grinding media when the first gap-forming element 7 is designed as a rotor. The number of openings 8 is eight openings 8 in the circumferential direction and four in the longitudinal direction, therefore a total of 32 openings 8 in the first gap-forming element 7. The mixture can thus more easily reach the openings 8 and a higher flow rate into the second process area 5 is achieved. The first gap-forming element 7 is designed to be rotatable about the axis of rotation 11. The ramp 19 has an inclination (alpha) to the tangent on the inside diameter of the first gap-forming element (7) of 10 ° to 80 °, preferably 30 °.

Die Figuren 14 bis 16 zeigen die Ausführungsform der spaltbildenden Elemente 7, 9 aus den Figuren 1 bis 3 mit Mahlwerkzeugen 14 und einem Förderelement 18. Figur 14 zeigt hierbei einen Schnitt, Figur 15 eine Ansicht und Figur 16 eine Ansicht auf einen Schnitt. Das erste spaltbildende Element 7 umfasst Öffnungen 8 und Mahlwerkzeuge 14. Das erste spaltbildende Element 7 ist als Rotor ausgebildet, sodass die Mahlwerkzeuge 14 zu einer Dispersion der Stoffe im ersten Prozessbereich 4 (nicht dargestellt) beitragen können. Das spaltbildende Element 9 umgibt den zweiten Prozessbereich 5. Das zweite spaltbildende Element 9 umfasst Öffnungen 10. Im zweiten Prozessbereich 5 ist ein Förderelement 18 angeordnet, welches um Rotationsachse 11, genau wie das erste spaltbildende Element 7, 3 drehbar ausgebildet ist. Das Förderelement fördert das Gemisch aus dem zweiten Prozessbereich 5 hinaus und sorgt somit für einen guten Durchsatz durch die Vorrichtung.The Figures 14 to 16 show the embodiment of the gap-forming elements 7, 9 from FIGS Figures 1 to 3 with grinding tools 14 and a conveyor element 18. Figure 14 shows a section, Figure 15 a view and Figure 16 a view of a section. The first gap-forming element 7 comprises openings 8 and grinding tools 14. The first gap-forming element 7 is designed as a rotor, so that the grinding tools 14 can contribute to a dispersion of the substances in the first process area 4 (not shown). The gap-forming element 9 surrounds the second process area 5. The second gap-forming element 9 comprises openings 10. In the second process area 5, a conveying element 18 is arranged, which is designed to be rotatable about axis of rotation 11, just like the first gap-forming element 7, 3. The conveying element conveys the mixture out of the second process area 5 and thus ensures a good throughput through the device.

Figur 17 zeigt die Ausführungsform aus Figur 1 bis 3 mit den spaltbildenden Elementen 7, 9 und den Öffnungen 8, 10. Zumindest eines der spaltbildenden Elemente 7, 9 ist um Rotationsachse 11 drehbar ausgebildet. Figure 17 shows the embodiment from Figure 1 to 3 with the gap-forming elements 7, 9 and the openings 8, 10. At least one of the gap-forming elements 7, 9 is designed to be rotatable about the axis of rotation 11.

Figur 18 zeigt einen Ausschnitt A aus Figur 17. Dargestellt ist das erste spaltbildende Element 7 mit dem zweiten spaltbildenden Element 9 und dem zwischen den spaltbildenden Elementen 7 und 9 gebildeten Spaltabschnitt 24. Der Spaltabschnitt 24 weist eine Längenausdehnung b und eine Querausdehnung a auf. Die Längenausdehnung b liegt in einem Bereich von 0.5 mal a bis 3 mal a. In diesem Fall beträgt die Länge b=2∗a. Die Querausdehnung a des Spaltabschnitts 24 ist kleiner als der kleinste Mahlkörper, der in den ersten Prozessbereich 4 (nicht dargestellt) einfüllbar ist. Zur Anpassung der Querausdehnung a des Spaltes 24 kann das zweite spaltbildende Element 9 austauschbar gestaltet sein, sodass der Spalt 24 an die Mahlkörper 16 (nicht dargestellt) anpassbar ausgebildet ist, auch falls die Mahlkörper 16 in einem ersten Prozess eine andere Grösse aufweisen als in einem weiteren Prozess. Die Querausdehnung a des Spaltabschnittes 24 entspricht der Querausdehnung des Spaltes 13 (siehe Fig. 17). Figure 18 shows a section A from Figure 17 . The illustration shows the first gap-forming element 7 with the second gap-forming element 9 and the gap section 24 formed between the gap-forming elements 7 and 9. The gap section 24 has a length dimension b and a transverse dimension a. The linear expansion b is in a range from 0.5 times a to 3 times a. In this case the length is b = 2 ∗ a. The transverse dimension a of the gap section 24 is smaller than the smallest grinding media that can be filled into the first process area 4 (not shown). To adapt the transverse extent a of the gap 24, the second gap-forming element 9 can be designed to be exchangeable, so that the gap 24 is designed to be adaptable to the grinding media 16 (not shown), even if the grinding media 16 have a different size in a first process than in one further process. The transverse dimension a of the gap section 24 corresponds to the transverse dimension of the gap 13 (see Fig. 17 ).

Die Figuren 19 bis 21 zeigen eine weitere Ausführungsform der spaltbildenden Elemente 7, 9. Figur 19 zeigt hierbei einen Schnitt, Figur 20 eine Ansicht und Figur 21 eine Ansicht auf einen Schnitt. Das spaltbildende Element 7 ist analog zu dem spaltbildenden Element 7 aus den Figuren 1 bis 3 ausgebildet. Abweichend davon ist das zweite spaltbildende Element 9 derart ausgebildet, dass es eine Vielzahl von Ringspalten 20 umfasst. Die Ringspalte 20 sind derartig dimensioniert, dass nur ausreichend dispergiertes Material in den zweiten Prozessbereich 5 eintreten kann. Weiterhin können eventuell vorhandene Mahlkörper 16 (nicht dargestellt) aus dem ersten Prozessbereich 4 (nicht dargestellt) nicht durch die Ringspalte 20 hindurch treten. Zumindest eines der spaltbildenden Elemente 7, 9 ist drehbar um Rotationsachse 11 ausgebildet. Die Ringspalte 20 sind durch Stabilisierungsstege 25 stabilisiert.The Figures 19 to 21 show a further embodiment of the gap-forming elements 7, 9. Figure 19 shows a section, Figure 20 a view and Figure 21 a view of a section. The gap-forming element 7 is analogous to the gap-forming element 7 from FIG Figures 1 to 3 educated. In a departure from this, the second gap-forming element 9 is designed in such a way that it comprises a plurality of annular gaps 20. The annular gaps 20 are dimensioned in such a way that only sufficiently dispersed material can enter the second process area 5. Furthermore, possibly existing grinding media 16 (not shown) from the first process area 4 (not shown) can be used shown) do not pass through the annular gap 20. At least one of the gap-forming elements 7, 9 is designed to be rotatable about the axis of rotation 11. The annular gaps 20 are stabilized by stabilizing webs 25.

Figuren 22 bis 24 zeigen eine weitere Ausführungsform des zweiten spaltbildenden Elementes 9. Das erste spaltbildende Element 7 entspricht dem ersten spaltbildenden Element aus den Figuren 1 bis 3. Figur 22 zeigt hierbei einen Schnitt, Figur 23 eine Ansicht und Figur 24 eine Ansicht auf einen Schnitt. Das erste spaltbildende Element 7 umfasst Öffnungen 8 die analog zu den Figuren 1 bis 3 ausgebildet sind. Das zweite spaltbildende Element 9 umfasst Öffnungen 10 und zusätzlich Ringspalte 20. Die Ringspalte 20 sind derart angeordnet, dass sie sich mit den Öffnungen 8 im ersten spaltbildenden Element 7 überlappen. Durch die Ringspalte 20 kann ausschliesslich bereits dispergiertes Gemisch hindurch treten und grössere Teilchen werden abgehalten. Somit ermöglicht diese Ausführungsform einen grösseren Durchtritt, da durch die Ringspalte ein grösseres Durchtrittsvolumen ermöglicht wird Figures 22 to 24 show a further embodiment of the second gap-forming element 9. The first gap-forming element 7 corresponds to the first gap-forming element from FIG Figures 1 to 3 . Figure 22 shows a section, Figure 23 a view and Figure 24 a view of a section. The first gap-forming element 7 comprises openings 8 which are analogous to the Figures 1 to 3 are trained. The second gap-forming element 9 comprises openings 10 and additional annular gaps 20. The annular gaps 20 are arranged in such a way that they overlap with the openings 8 in the first gap-forming element 7. Only already dispersed mixture can pass through the annular gap 20 and larger particles are kept away. This embodiment thus enables a larger passage, since the annular gap enables a larger passage volume

Die Figuren 25 und 26 zeigen die Anordnung von einem ersten und zweiten spaltbildenden Element 7, 9 gemäss den Figuren 14 bis 16 in einer Vorrichtung 1. Figur 25 zeigt hierbei einen Schnitt und Figur 26 eine Ansicht auf einen Schnitt. Die Vorrichtung 1 umfasst ein Gehäuse 2, welches ein erstes spaltbildendes Element 7 und ein zweites spaltbildendes Element 9 beinhaltet. In das Gehäuse 2 ist ein Einlass 3 ausgebildet. Die zu vermischenden Stoffe werden durch den Einlass 3 in den ersten Prozessbereich 4 eingeführt. Der erste Prozessbereich 4 umfasst des Weiteren Mahlkörper 16. Das Gehäuse 2 ist mit Mahlwerkzeugen 14 an der Gehäusewand ausgestattet. Korrespondierende Mahlwerkzeuge 14 sind am ersten spaltbildenden Element 7 ausgebildet. Das dispergierte Gemisch tritt von dem ersten Prozessbereich 4 durch Spalte 12, 13 in den zweiten Prozessbereich 5 über. Im zweiten Prozessbereich 5 ist ein Förderelement 18 ausgebildet, welches um Rotationsachse 11 rotiert. Weiterhin rotiert auch das erste spaltbildende Element 7 um Rotationsachse 11. Aus dem zweiten Prozessbereich 5 tritt das Gemisch durch den Auslass 6 aus dem Gehäuse aus. Die Spalten 12, 13 sind kleiner als der Durchmesser der Mahlkörper 16. Somit können keine Mahlkörper 16 in den zweiten Prozessbereich 5 geraten. Die Länge des ersten Prozessbereiches 15 entspricht im Wesentlichen der Länge des ersten spaltbildenden Elementes 7.The Figures 25 and 26 show the arrangement of a first and second gap-forming element 7, 9 according to FIGS Figures 14 to 16 in a device 1. Figure 25 shows here a section and Figure 26 a view of a section. The device 1 comprises a housing 2 which contains a first gap-forming element 7 and a second gap-forming element 9. An inlet 3 is formed in the housing 2. The substances to be mixed are introduced into the first process area 4 through the inlet 3. The first process area 4 further comprises grinding media 16. The housing 2 is equipped with grinding tools 14 on the housing wall. Corresponding grinding tools 14 are formed on the first gap-forming element 7. The dispersed Mixture passes from the first process area 4 through gaps 12, 13 into the second process area 5. In the second process area 5, a conveying element 18 is formed which rotates about the axis of rotation 11. Furthermore, the first gap-forming element 7 also rotates about the axis of rotation 11. The mixture exits the second process area 5 through the outlet 6 from the housing. The gaps 12, 13 are smaller than the diameter of the grinding media 16. Thus, no grinding media 16 can get into the second process area 5. The length of the first process area 15 essentially corresponds to the length of the first gap-forming element 7.

Die Ausführungsform der Vorrichtung 1 in den Figuren 27 und 28 entspricht im Wesentlichen der Ausführungsform der Figuren 25 und 26. Die Vorrichtung 1 umfasst jedoch zusätzlich ein Pumpengehäuse 21 einer Wasserringpumpe. Das Pumpengehäuse 21 ist auf dem Gehäuse 2 angeflanscht und umfasst einen Pumpeneinlass 23 und einen Pumpenauslass 22. Vom Pumpenauslass 22 wird Vorgemisch zum Einlass 3 der Vorrichtung gepumpt. Die Figur 27 zeigt hierbei einen Schnitt und die Figur 28 eine Ansicht auf einen Schnitt. Die Vorrichtung 1 weist im Gehäuse 2 in dieser Ausführungsform einen Einlasse 3 und einen Auslass 6 auf. Im Gegensatz zur Ausführungsform der Figuren 25 und 26 sind in dieser Ausführungsform keine Mahlhilfskörper vorhanden. Es ist jedoch selbstverständlich möglich diese einzufüllen falls dieses gewünscht ist. Der erste Prozessbereich erstreckt sich im Wesentlichen entlang des ersten spaltbildenden Elementes 7. Somit lässt sich ein hoher Durchsatz erzielen. Der Vorteil der gleichzeitigen Ausbildung eine Pumpe liegt insbesondere in der vereinfachten Steuerung.
Die Figuren 29 und 30 zeigen eine weitere Ausführungsform der Vorrichtung 1. Die Figur 29 zeigt hierbei einen Schnitt und die Figur 30 eine Ansicht auf einen Schnitt. Anstatt einer Wasserringpumpe wie in den Figuren 27 und 28 gezeigt, ist in dieser Ausführungsform eine Seitenkanalpumpe im Pumpengehäuse 21 angeordnet. Das Pumpengehäuse umfasst ebenfalls einen Pumpeneinlass 23 und einen Pumpenauslass 22. Das Vorgemisch wird vom Pumpenauslass 22 in den Einlass 3 der Vorrichtung gepumpt. Die Ausbildung der Vorrichtung abgesehen von dem Pumpengehäuse 21 entspricht im Wesentlichen der Ausführungsform in Fig. 25 und 26.The embodiment of the device 1 in FIGS Figures 27 and 28 corresponds essentially to the embodiment of FIG Figures 25 and 26 . However, the device 1 additionally comprises a pump housing 21 of a water ring pump. The pump housing 21 is flanged onto the housing 2 and comprises a pump inlet 23 and a pump outlet 22. From the pump outlet 22 premix is pumped to the inlet 3 of the device. The Figure 27 shows here a section and the Figure 28 a view of a section. In this embodiment, the device 1 has an inlet 3 and an outlet 6 in the housing 2. In contrast to the embodiment of the Figures 25 and 26 there are no auxiliary grinding bodies in this embodiment. However, it is of course possible to fill this in if this is desired. The first process area extends essentially along the first gap-forming element 7. A high throughput can thus be achieved. The advantage of the simultaneous formation of a pump lies in particular in the simplified control.
The Figures 29 and 30 show a further embodiment of the device 1. The Figure 29 shows here a section and the Figure 30 a view of a section. Instead of a water ring pump like in the Figures 27 and 28 As shown, a side channel pump is arranged in the pump housing 21 in this embodiment. The pump housing also comprises a pump inlet 23 and a pump outlet 22. The premix is pumped from the pump outlet 22 into the inlet 3 of the device. The design of the device apart from the pump housing 21 essentially corresponds to the embodiment in FIG Figures 25 and 26 .

Figur 31 zeigt eine alternative Ausführungsform der Vorrichtung 1 in der sich die spaltbildenden Elemente 7, 9 nur über ein Teilbereich des ersten Prozessbereichs 4 erstrecken. Im ersten Prozessbereich 4 sind weiterhin Mahlwerkzeuge 14 in Form von Scheiben mit Löchern ausgebildet. Das erste spaltbildende Element 7 dreht sich um das zweite spaltbildende Element 9. Beide spaltbildende Elemente 7, 9 weisen jeweils Öffnungen 8, 10 auf. Das Gemisch fliesst vom ersten Prozessbereich 4 durch die Spalte 13 in den zweiten Prozessbereich 5.Das Gehäuse 2 weist weiterhin einen Einlass 3 und Auslässe 6 auf. Die Mahlwerkzeuge 14 sind auf eine Welle 26 angeordnet. Die Welle 26 umfasst eine Wellennut 27 in die Eingriffsnocken 28 des ersten spaltbildenden Elementes 7 eingreifen. Somit wird das erste spaltbildende Element durch die gleiche Welle wie die Mahlwerkzeuge 14 angetrieben. Figure 31 shows an alternative embodiment of the device 1 in which the gap-forming elements 7, 9 only extend over a partial area of the first process area 4. In the first process area 4, grinding tools 14 in the form of disks with holes are also designed. The first gap-forming element 7 rotates around the second gap-forming element 9. Both gap-forming elements 7, 9 each have openings 8, 10. The mixture flows from the first process area 4 through the gap 13 into the second process area 5. The housing 2 also has an inlet 3 and outlets 6. The grinding tools 14 are arranged on a shaft 26. The shaft 26 comprises a shaft groove 27 in which engagement cams 28 of the first gap-forming element 7 engage. Thus, the first gap-forming element is driven by the same shaft as the grinding tools 14.

Claims (14)

  1. Apparatus (1) for mixing, in particular dispersing, comprising:
    - a housing (2) with at least one inlet (3),
    - a first process area (4) for mixing and in particular dispersing supplied substances, wherein the substances can be introduced into the first process area (4) through the at least one inlet (3),
    - a second process area (5) for discharging the mixture to an outlet (6),
    - a first gap-forming element (7) associated with the first process area (4) and comprising openings (8), wherein the first gap-forming element (7) is a rotor,
    - a second gap-forming element (9) which is assigned to the second process area (5) and corresponds to the first gap-forming element (7), the second gap-forming element (9) comprising openings (10), the second gap-forming element being designed as a static separating device,
    - wherein the rotor is designed to be rotatable about an axis of rotation (11) relative to the other gap-forming element (9),
    wherein
    the openings (8) of the first gap-forming element (7) and the openings (10) of the second gap-forming element (9) are arranged in such a way that they do not overlap and that a mixture of the supplied materials is fed through the openings (8, 10) in the two gap-forming elements (7, 9) can be conducted from the first (4) into the second process area (5), whereby material transfer from the openings of the first gap-forming element to the openings of the second gap-forming element is only possible through a gap between the openings, and wherein grinding tools (14) are arranged on the first gap-forming element (7) and/or on the housing (2), which grinding tools are designed for dispersion of the introduced substances in the first process area (4), characterised in that the openings of the gap-forming elements extend over a length of at least 50% of the first gap-forming element in the first process area.
  2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterised in that at least one, preferably two, preferably dynamic gaps (12) are formed between the housing (2) and the first gap-forming element (7).
  3. Apparatus (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first gap-forming element (7) surrounds the second gap-forming element (9) and a gap (13) of at most 3 mm, preferably 1.0 mm and in particular preferably 0.5 mm is formed between both elements (7, 9).
  4. Apparatus (1) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first gap-forming element (7) extends substantially completely along a length (15) of the first process area (4).
  5. Apparatus (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that grinding bodies (16) can be filled into the first process area (4), the transfer of which into the second process area (5) can be prevented by dynamic gaps (12, 13).
  6. Apparatus according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the openings in the static separating device are smaller than the minimum diameter of the grinding bodies.
  7. Apparatus (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that both gap-forming elements (7, 9) are cylindrical or conical.
  8. Apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the housing (2) comprises a pump housing (21) or that the housing (2) is connected to a pump housing (21), a pump being arranged in the pump housing (21), the pump preferably being driven with a shaft which simultaneously drives one of the gap-forming elements (7, 9).
  9. Apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the gaps (13) between the gap-forming elements (7, 9) extend over a length of at least 60%, in particular preferably at least 70% of the length of the first gap-forming element (7) in the first process area (4).
  10. Method for dispersing substances in an apparatus, preferably an apparatus (1) according to claims 1 to 9, comprising the steps
    - Introduction of at least two substances, preferably a solid and a liquid, into a first process area (4) of an apparatus (1),
    - Mixing and especially dispersing of the at least two substances in the first process area (4) to form a mixture,
    - Passing the mixture through a gap (13) formed between a first (7) and a second gap-forming element (9),
    - wherein the gap-forming elements (7, 9) comprise openings (8, 10) which do not overlap and wherein the two gap-forming elements (7, 9) move relative to each other, and the mixture is conducted through the gap (13) and the openings (8, 10) from the first process area (4) into a second process area (5), wherein material transfer from the openings of the first gap-forming element to the openings of the second gap-forming element is only possible through a gap between the openings, the first gap-forming element (7) being a rotor and the second gap-forming element being designed as a static separating device, and grinding tools (14) being arranged on the first gap-forming element (7) and/or on the housing (2), which grinding tools are designed to disperse the introduced substances in the first process area (4), characterized in that the openings of the gap-forming elements extend over a length of at least 50% of the first gap-forming element in the first process area.
  11. A method according to claim 10, characterized in that the mixture is further passed through dynamic gaps (12) between the first gap-forming element (7) and a housing (2) of the apparatus (1).
  12. Method according to one of claims 10 or 11, characterised in that the dispersion in the first process area (4) is achieved by grinding bodies (16) and/or grinding tools (14) .
  13. Method according to claim 12, characterised in that the dispersion is achieved by grinding bodies (16) which have a diameter at least 1.5 times, preferably 2 times, in particular preferably 2.5 times larger than the largest gap (12, 13) as transverse extension (a).
  14. Method according to one of claims 10 to 13, characterized in that the mixture is passed through at least 4, preferably 20, in particular preferably 100, openings in the first gap-forming element (7) and/or the mixture is passed through at least 4, preferably at least 50, in particular preferably at least 200 openings in the second gap-forming element (9).
EP16714306.4A 2015-04-17 2016-03-22 Method and device for mixing, in particular for dispersion Active EP3283204B1 (en)

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WO2016165917A1 (en) 2016-10-20
RU2017139802A3 (en) 2019-05-17

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