EP3280864B1 - Bohrverfahren, verfahren zur durchführung einer druckmessgeräteprüfung und entsprechende anordnung - Google Patents

Bohrverfahren, verfahren zur durchführung einer druckmessgeräteprüfung und entsprechende anordnung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3280864B1
EP3280864B1 EP16718270.8A EP16718270A EP3280864B1 EP 3280864 B1 EP3280864 B1 EP 3280864B1 EP 16718270 A EP16718270 A EP 16718270A EP 3280864 B1 EP3280864 B1 EP 3280864B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hole
outer sheath
tube
inner tube
pressuremeter
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EP16718270.8A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3280864A1 (de
Inventor
Francis Cour
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Calyf
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Calyf
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/02—Subsoil filtering
    • E21B43/10—Setting of casings, screens, liners or the like in wells
    • E21B43/103—Setting of casings, screens, liners or the like in wells of expandable casings, screens, liners, or the like
    • E21B43/105—Expanding tools specially adapted therefor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/02—Subsoil filtering
    • E21B43/10—Setting of casings, screens, liners or the like in wells
    • E21B43/103—Setting of casings, screens, liners or the like in wells of expandable casings, screens, liners, or the like
    • E21B43/108—Expandable screens or perforated liners
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
    • E21B47/06—Measuring temperature or pressure
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/20—Driving or forcing casings or pipes into boreholes, e.g. sinking; Simultaneously drilling and casing boreholes

Definitions

  • the invention generally relates to drilling methods, especially for pressuremeter soundings of the Ménard type, performed in accordance with standard NF P 94-110 of July 1991 ("the Standard").
  • a pressuremeter survey is a set of successive operations consisting of the execution of a pressuremeter drilling and the realization, in this borehole, of one or more pressuremeter tests.
  • a pressuremeter drilling consists in producing in the ground a cylindrical excavation with circular cross section, into which the pressuremeter probe is introduced.
  • the quality of the pressuremeter test and that of the preliminary drilling are closely related.
  • the Standard requires the pressuremeter test to be performed in passes, the pass lengths must not exceed the maximum values fixed by the Standard.
  • the test makes it possible to obtain a soil deformability characteristic, called the Ménard E M pressuremeter module, a limiting resistance characteristic, called a pressuremeter pressure limit p l , and a characteristic pressure, called the pressurometric creep pressure p f .
  • the inherent limit resistance of the pressuremeter probe shall be as small as possible in relation to the pressuremeter pressure limit of the ground.
  • the probe must be able to reach a diametral expansion rate of 50% with respect to its diameter at rest.
  • the inherent limit resistance of the probe is equal to the pressure of the injection liquid necessary to reach the expansion rate of 50% in the air. This clean limit resistance should typically be less than 2.5 bar.
  • the bare flexible sheath probe is chosen according to the type of terrain.
  • the clean limit resistance of the bare flexible sheath probe should typically be less than 1.5 bar. This limit resistance is equal to the liquid pressure injection required to achieve the 50% expansion rate in the air of the bare flexible sheath probe.
  • the split tube is a steel tube, typically having six equidistant slots.
  • the nature and the thickness of the material are chosen so that the clean limit resistance of the split tube alone does not exceed 1 bar.
  • This inherent limit resistance is equal to the additional injection liquid pressure required for the complete probe to reach the expansion rate of 50% in air, compared to a bare flexible tube probe.
  • the clean limit resistance of the split tube alone is equal to the difference between the intrinsic limit resistance of the complete probe and the inherent limit resistance of the bare probe.
  • the split tube plays a role of protection of the probe against the aggressions of the ground, during the phase of descent of the probe in the borehole, then during the phase of swelling for the realization of the test, and with the ascent.
  • TFEM Split Tube with Simultaneous Removal of Materials
  • the TFEM technique makes it possible to set up such a means of support, simultaneously or immediately after the ground attack by the drilling tool.
  • the TFEM technique consists in driving in the ground, by threshing or jacking, a casing whose lower section consists of a split tube element, complying with the specifications of the Standard for Split Tube Probes. During penetration, the casing behaves like a corer.
  • the materials that penetrate the casing are broken up and brought to the surface with the help of ad hoc tools (retrojets, rotary tools, etc.). Once the maximum penetration is reached, the pressuremeter probe with flexible sheath is lowered at the level of the split tube element, then the tests are carried out by stepping up the casing step by step.
  • This TFEM technique makes it possible to precisely cut the hole and perfectly support the walls of the hole until the tests are performed.
  • its use has been very limited because of the problems of refusal in most of the soils other than loose sands and soft clays, and the very low yield of the tools of disintegration of the materials cored by the tube.
  • the ODEX technique makes it possible to drill the ground with a destructive tool operated at the bottom of the casing by rotopercussion and, simultaneously, to bring the destroyed materials back to the surface using a drilling fluid circulating inside the casing.
  • the casing descended without rotation.
  • ODEX casing must withstand the stresses imposed during the drilling phase, which in common applications where the casing elements are solid (not split) is not a problem.
  • the presence, at the bottom of the casing, of a split tube element poses a problem.
  • the clean limit resistance of the slit tube must not exceed 1 bar. This value is substantially less than the pressure of the drilling fluid circulating inside the casing. This entails a risk of opening the slits of the split tube element, and thus of the passage of the drilling fluid to the outside. The drilling fluid can then flow between the casing and the wall of the hole, which may cause a disintegration of the hole wall detrimental to the quality of drilling.
  • the invention aims to provide a method that is better suited to carrying out pressuremeter tests.
  • the invention relates to a drilling method of the aforementioned type, characterized in that the tube comprises an inner tube and an outer tubular sleeve interposed between the inner tube. and a wall of the hole, the method comprising, after the step of digging the hole, a recovery step during which the inner tube is extracted from the hole, the outer sleeve remaining in place inside the hole.
  • the new method thus makes it possible to carry out the drilling with a conventional ODEX-type casing drilling technique or similar, by adding to the casing a thin-walled sheath descended into the ground simultaneously with the inner tube. Once drilling is complete, the inner tube is raised, while the sleeve is left in place in the ground, ensuring the support of the wall of the hole. Drilling equipment can therefore be demobilized at an early stage.
  • the outer sheath 18 is in fact designed not to deform under the effect of an external radial pressure of between 0.2 and 2 bars, preferably between 0.5 and 1.5 bars. , applied for example on a height of 1 m.
  • an external radial pressure of between 0.2 and 2 bars, preferably between 0.5 and 1.5 bars. , applied for example on a height of 1 m.
  • such pressure applied for example by the ground on the outer surface of the sheath will not lead to a rupture of the sheath, or a tear, or a local depression of more than 5 mm.
  • the outer sleeve 18 has an intrinsic limit resistance of less than 1 bar, preferably less than 0.8 bar, more preferably less than 0.6 bar.
  • the clean limit resistance of the outer sleeve is equal to the difference in the limit resistance of the complete probe (pressuremeter + outer sleeve) and the inherent limit resistance of the pressuremeter without the outer sleeve. It corresponds to the additional injection liquid pressure to be applied so that the complete probe reaches a dilatation rate of 50% in air, compared to the pressuremeter probe alone without the outer sleeve.
  • the relatively more rigid inner tube gives good resistance to the tube during the step of digging the hole, and avoids any deformation of the tube.
  • the outer sleeve remains in place inside the hole.
  • the outer sheath is less rigid, and therefore opposes reduced resistance during any pressuremeter tests.
  • the inner tube has an internal internal resistance greater than 1 bar as defined above, preferably greater than 1.5 bar. This is due in particular to the fact that the inner tube is full.
  • the invention relates to a method for producing a pressuremeter test according to claim 1.
  • the method of performing a pressuremeter test may also have one or more of the features defined in dependent claims 2 to 10, considered individually or in any technically possible combination.
  • the drilling assembly is intended to implement the drilling method described above.
  • the drilling method of the invention is intended to be implemented by the above drilling assembly.
  • the invention relates to an assembly for carrying out a pressuremeter test according to claim 11.
  • the assembly for carrying out the pressuremeter test may also have one or more of the features defined in the dependent claims 12 to 14, considered individually or in any technically possible combination.
  • the set 2 represented on the figure 1 is intended for carrying out a pressuremeter test, in order to characterize the nature and behavior of a soil.
  • This soil can be of any type: sand, clay, soft rock, hard rock, etc.
  • the assembly 2 comprises means for drilling a hole in the ground, and means for carrying out the pressiometric test itself.
  • the hole drilled in the ground could be used for other purposes, different from carrying out a pressuremeter test. It could for example be used for logging, gamma rays or electrical resistance. It could also be used to make seismic measurements. For these types of tests and measurements, it is advantageous for the ground to be as little reworked as possible, and for the casing not to be a thick-thick steel tube.
  • the assembly 2 comprises a device 4 ( figure 2 ) of digging a longitudinal hole 6 in the ground 8, and a device 10 for placing a tube 14 in the hole simultaneously with the digging ( figure 1a ).
  • the hole is typically vertical in orientation. Alternatively, it is inclined relative to the vertical, or even horizontal.
  • the hole is straight. It is typically circular in cross section, or substantially circular.
  • the tube 14 extends substantially over the entire longitudinal length of the hole 6.
  • the device 10 is adapted to push the tube 14 progressively into the hole 6, as the hole 6 is dug.
  • the tube 14 comprises a relatively more rigid inner tube 16, and a relatively less rigid outer tubular sleeve 18 interposed between the inner tube 16 and a wall 19 of the hole.
  • the inner tube and the outer sleeve extend both substantially the entire longitudinal length of the hole.
  • the drilling assembly 2 further comprises an extraction device 20 provided for, after digging the hole 10, up the inner tube 16 out of the hole, the outer sleeve 18 remaining in place inside the hole 10 ( figure 1b ).
  • the inner tube 16 is made of a metallic material, for example steel. It has a thickness greater than 2 mm. Typically, it has a thickness of between 2 and 10 mm. In the example shown, on the figure 3 it has a thickness of 7 mm. He is full.
  • the outer sheath 18 is typically made of a plastic material, preferably a rigid and breakable plastic material.
  • a plastic material preferably a rigid and breakable plastic material.
  • it is made of polycarbonate or acetate. It has a thickness typically between 1 and 4 mm, for example between 2 and 3 mm. In the example shown on the figure 3 the sheath has a thickness of 2 mm.
  • the difference between the inner diameter of the sleeve and the outer diameter of the tube is between 2 and 8 mm. In the example shown, this difference is 4 mm.
  • the outer diameter of the sleeve 18 is chosen only slightly smaller than the nominal internal diameter of the hole to be drilled. Typically, the difference between the nominal internal diameter of the hole and the outer diameter of the sleeve is between 1 and 8 mm, and is 4 mm in the example shown in FIG. figure 3 . In practice, the wall of the hole tends to sag slightly with time, so that the ground comes into contact with the outer sleeve.
  • the digging device 4 is of any suitable type.
  • the digging device comprises a roto-percussion drilling tool 21, of the type shown in FIG. figure 2 .
  • the tool 21 comprises a drilling head 22 rotatably mounted on the inner tube 16, a device 24 for rotating the drill head 22 with respect to the inner tube 16, and a device 26 for transmitting longitudinal percussion to the drilling head 22 through the inner tube 16.
  • the drilling head 22 is of any type adapted to the terrain. It is mounted on a lower end 28 of the inner tube. It protrudes longitudinally towards the bottom of the hole 10 relative to the inner tube and the outer tube. The drilling head 22 is typically guided in rotation relative to the inner tube by reliefs formed on the inner surface of this tube, such as the ribs 30 shown in FIG. figure 2 .
  • the driving device 24 typically comprises a motor located outside the hole 10, and a drill string 31 transmitting the torque of the motor to the drill head 22.
  • the inner end of the drill string 31 is rigidly fixed to the drill head. drilling 22.
  • the drill string 31 is rotated by the motor.
  • the percussion device 26 is of any suitable type.
  • the percussion generated by the device 26 is transmitted to the drill head by the drill string 31, the latter transmitting the percussion in turn to the inner tube 16 so as to pull the latter towards the bottom of the hole as and when measuring the progress of drilling.
  • the percussions generated by the device 26 are transmitted directly to the inner tube 16, the inner tube 16 transmitting in turn the percussions to the drill head 22.
  • the digging device 4 typically comprises a unit (not shown) for injecting a drilling fluid into the interior of the inner tube 16.
  • the drilling fluid makes it possible to evacuate excavated material from the drill head.
  • the inner tube 16 comprises a plurality of tube sections 32, connected to each other by ferrules 34 of internal connection.
  • Each section of tube 32 has the dimensions stated above, and is made of the material indicated above.
  • the inner tube 16, and more particularly each of these sections 32, is full. By this is meant that the inner tube has no slot, opening or light, cut in the inner tube.
  • the drilling fluid is confined inside the inner tube 16 and can not circulate between the inner tube and the wall of the tube 10.
  • the inner connecting ferrule 34 may be of any suitable type.
  • each section 32 has an external thread 35 at its upper end 36.
  • the upper end 36 has a reduced thickness, the outer surface of the section 32 being hollowed in line with the upper end 36.
  • the lower end 38 of the section 32 has an internal thread 40.
  • the lower end 38 has a reduced thickness, by digging the inner face of the section 32 at the end 38.
  • Each inner connecting ferrule comprises a central tubular portion 42, extended longitudinally upwards by an upper tubular portion 44 and downwards by a lower tubular portion 46.
  • the upper tubular portion 44 carries a external thread 48, intended to cooperate with the internal thread 40 of the lower end of a tube section 32.
  • the lower tubular portion 46 carries an internal thread 50 intended to cooperate with the external thread 34 of the end. superior of another section of tube 32.
  • the central tubular portion 42 has substantially the same thickness as the tube sections 32. Moreover, the cumulative thickness of the upper tubular portion 44 and the lower end 38 substantially corresponds to the thickness of a tube section 32. Similarly, the cumulative thickness of the lower tubular portion 46 and the upper end 36 substantially corresponds to the thickness of a tube section 32. Thus, each inner connecting ferrule 34 fits exactly into the extension of the two sections 32 connected by said ferrule 34.
  • the outer sheath 18 also comprises a plurality of sleeve sections 52, connected to each other by external connecting ferrules 54.
  • Each outer connecting ferrule 54 has a cylindrical shape. It is delimited longitudinally towards the bottom of the hole and towards the inlet by lower and upper slices 56 and 58, in which grooves are provided, respectively 60, 62.
  • the grooves 60, 62 are substantially cylindrical.
  • the groove 60 is provided to receive an upper longitudinal end of a sleeve section 52.
  • the groove 62 is provided to receive a lower longitudinal end of another sleeve section.
  • the device for placing the tube 10 is provided for, during the digging step, introducing the pipe sections 32 and the sleeve sections 52 one by one into the hole 6, as and when the drilling progress.
  • An internal connecting ferrule 34 is interposed between two successive sections of tubes 32.
  • an outer connecting shell 54 is interposed between two successive sleeve sections 52.
  • the tube 14 comprises a plurality of connecting members 64 of the outer sleeve 18 and the inner tube 16 to each other, arranged so that the inner tube 16 is longitudinally connected to the outer sleeve 18 in translation towards the bottom of the hole 10, and is free longitudinally relative to the outer sleeve 18 in translation towards the entrance of the hole.
  • This advancement results for example percussion applied to the drill head or the inner tube.
  • each connecting member 64 is carried by an inner connecting ferrule 34, and cooperates with an outer connecting ferrule 54 to bind the inner tube 16 to the outer sleeve 18 in translation longitudinally towards the bottom of the hole.
  • each connecting member 64 is carried by an external connecting ferrule 54 and cooperates with an internal connecting ferrule 34.
  • each member 64 comprises a latch 66 pivotally mounted on an inner connecting ferrule 34 about an axis 68.
  • the latch 66 is rotatable about the axis 68, between a retracted position to the interior of a housing 70 formed in the inner connecting ferrule 34, and a locking position, in which the latch 66 projects out of the housing 70.
  • the lock In the retracted position, the lock is fully housed in the housing 70. In the locking position, the lock 66 extends, from the axis 68, longitudinally towards the bottom of the hole, and radially towards the outer sleeve. An end 74 of the latch, opposite the axis 68, protrudes radially from the surface 72 out of the housing 70.
  • a return spring biases the latch 66 towards its locking position.
  • the device 20 for extracting the inner tube from the hole 6 preferably comprises means 83 for locking the outer sleeve 18 in place inside the hole, during the extraction of the inner tube 16. This locking is typically performed at the head, at the end of the outer sleeve 18 located at the entrance of the hole. Blocking is achieved by any suitable means. It should be noted that the pressure exerted by the ground on the outer sheath contributes to blocking the outer sheath 18 in place inside the hole during the extraction of the inner tube 16.
  • the assembly 2 further comprises a pressuremeter probe 86, of a size adapted to be introduced into the outer sleeve 18 ( figure 1c ).
  • the pressuremeter probe 86 comprises a radially deformable cell 88, a unit 90 supplying the cell 88 with an incompressible fluid, and a controller 92.
  • the unit 90 is designed to supply the deformable cell 88 with fluid at a pressure that can vary within a predetermined range.
  • the controller 92 drives the unit 90 according to a predetermined program, and varies the pressure inside the cell 88 as a function of time, according to a predetermined pressure-time curve recorded in the controller 92.
  • the assembly 2 further comprises a device 94 for moving the pressuremeter probe 86, longitudinally along the hole 6, inside the outer sleeve 18.
  • the pressuremeter probe 86 can thus be placed successively at several positions distributed along the hole, and perform a pressuremeter test at each of said positions.
  • the outer sheath 18 advantageously comprises attenuations 96, distributed longitudinally along the outer sheath 18. These weakenings contribute to the outer sheath 18 having a lower intrinsic strength. 1 bar. On the other hand, it is important to note that these weakenings do not degrade the resistance of the sheath to the compression.
  • the fades 96 are slots in the outer sleeve.
  • they are lines of lesser thickness of material, facilitating the tearing of the outer sheath.
  • the losses 96 are made before placing the outer sleeve inside the tube, typically during the manufacture of the outer sleeve.
  • the losses 96 are made after placing the outer sleeve inside the hole.
  • the pressuremeter probe 86 is equipped with knives, arranged to create the weakenings in the outer sleeve 18 when the pressuremeter probe 86 moves along the outer sleeve.
  • the losses 96 are for example made over the entire length of the outer sleeve 18. In a variant, they are made only at the positions where the pressuremeter tests are to be carried out.
  • the outer sheath does not have any weakening, the intrinsic limit resistance of the sheath being obtained by appropriately selecting the thickness and the nature of the material.
  • the method comprises a step of digging the hole 6 in the ground with a casing of the hole 6 simultaneously by the tube 14 ( figure 1a and figure 2 ).
  • the tube 14 is set up progressively, as the hole 6 is dug.
  • the tube 14 extends continuously over the entire longitudinal length of the hole 6.
  • Tubing sections 32 and sleeve sections 52 are added in the hole 6, to form the inner tube and the outer sleeve, as drilling. Between each pair of consecutive pipe sections 32, an inner connecting shell 34 is interposed. Likewise, between each pair of consecutive sleeve segments 52, an outer connecting ferrule 54 is placed.
  • the pipe sections 32 and the sleeve sections 52 have longitudinally substantially the same length.
  • the inner connecting ferrules 34 and outer connecting ferrules 54 are always placed opposite each other.
  • the inner connecting ferrules 34 and the outer connecting ferrules 54 are circumferentially oriented such that each connecting member 64 is engaged in a concavity 76.
  • the drilling head 22 is rotated relative to the inner tube 16 by the device 24.
  • the inner tube 16 is fixed in rotation relative to the ground.
  • the drilling head 22 is rotated by the drill string 31.
  • percussion is applied to the drill head 22 by the device 26 provided for this purpose.
  • the percussions are transmitted to the inner tube 16 by the drill head 22, and / or are directly applied to the inner tube 16 by the device 26.
  • the inner tube 16 during its displacement longitudinally towards the bottom of the hole 6, drives the outer sheath 18, via the connecting members 64.
  • each latch 66 press against a bottom of the concavity 76, and thus urge the outer sleeve 18 longitudinally towards the bottom of the hole.
  • the orientation of the lock 66 allows the transmission of this effort.
  • the method also comprises, after the step of digging the hole 6, an upward step ( figure 1b ) during which the inner tube 16 is withdrawn from the hole 6, the outer sleeve 18 remaining in place inside the hole 6.
  • the inner tube 16 is moved longitudinally towards the inlet of the hole 6, by the device 20 provided for this purpose.
  • the pipe sections 32 are disassembled as they come out of the hole 6.
  • the connecting members 64 do not oppose the displacement of the inner tube 16 relative to the outer sleeve 18. Due to the orientation of the locks 66, the longitudinal movement of the inner tube 16 relative to the outer sleeve 18 to the inlet of the hole 6 causes the locks 66 to move towards their retracted positions inside the housings 70.
  • the outer sleeve 18 is locked in position inside the hole 6 by the means 83 provided for this purpose, and also by the pressure exerted by the ground.
  • the method comprises, after the recovery step, a step of introducing the pressuremeter probe 86 into the outer sheath 18 ( figure 1c ), followed by one or more measurement steps ( figure 1d ).
  • the measuring step is repeated at several positions distributed longitudinally along the hole 6.
  • the first measuring step is carried out by placing the pressuremeter probe 86 at the bottom of the hole 6, the pressuremeter probe 86 then being successively displaced from the bottom of the hole 6 to the inlet of the hole 6.
  • the outer sleeve 18 is not moved between the measurement steps. It stays in place, at the same position.
  • the first measurement step is performed with the probe 86 at the bottom of the hole 6, the second measurement step is performed immediately above the first measurement step, the third measurement step immediately above the second step of measurement, and so on until the entrance of the hole 6.
  • the pressuremeter probe 86 is moved by the device 94 provided for this purpose.
  • the deformable cell 88 of the pressuremeter probe is inflated by the device 90, the latter injecting an incompressible fluid into the cell 88.
  • the control device 92 controls the device 90, so that the device 90 inflates the deformable cell according to a predetermined pressure-time curve.
  • the swelling cell 88 is pressed radially against the outer sleeve and urges it against the wall of the hole.
  • the cell 88 will permanently deform the outer sheath, as shown in FIG. figure 1 .
  • the deformation of the outer sheath is facilitated by the weakening 96.
  • the control device 92 records the volume injected as a function of the pressure. Soil characteristics are then calculated from the recorded values.
  • the outer sheath is rigid enough to prevent the collapse of the hole.
  • the stresses applied by the walls of the hole on the outer sheath are moderate.
  • the circular geometry of the outer sleeve gives it good resistance against radial pressures, despite its small thickness.
  • the above method allows to put in place the outer sleeve immediately near the wall of the hole, typically less than 4 mm from the wall of the hole, and preferably less than 2 mm from the wall of the hole. This limits the reworking of the materials at the periphery of the hole, and guarantees a good representativeness of possible pressuremeter tests.
  • the fact that the inner tube is solid means that the drilling fluid can not flow between the inner tube and the hole wall, which contributes to the good quality of the drilling.
  • a roto-percussion drill bit with a rotatably mounted drill head on the inner tube and a device transmitting percussion to the drill head and / or the inner tube allows to drill very effectively, through any type of soil.
  • Such a tool also makes it possible to set up the tube almost instantaneously at the rear of the drill bit. The tube does not rotate but moves in translation, so that the materials at the periphery of the hole are not reworked.
  • the connecting members of the outer sleeve and the inner tube to one another allow the inner tube to drive the outer sleeve in translation towards the bottom of the hole, while allowing easy extraction of the inner tube from the hole, without train the outer sheath.
  • the use of a lubricating fluid during the rise of the inner tube also contributes to this result.
  • the method and the drilling assembly of the invention can be used for other applications than pressuremeter tests, for example for logging or seismic tests.

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  • Geology (AREA)
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Claims (14)

  1. Verfahren zur Realisierung einer Druckmeterprobe, wobei das Verfahren aufweist:
    - einen Schritt des Aushebens eines länglichen Lochs (6) im Boden (8), mit simultanem Verrohren des Lochs (6) mittels eines Rohrs (14), das sich im Wesentlichen über eine gesamte Längs-Länge des Lochs (6) erstreckt, wobei das Rohr (14) ein Innenrohr (16) und einen rohrförmigen Außen-Mantel (18) aufweist, der zwischen dem Innenrohr (16) und einer Wand des Lochs (6) zwischengeordnet ist,
    - nach dem Schritt des Aushebens des Lochs (6) einen Anhebe-Schritt, im Verlaufe dessen das Innenrohr (16) aus dem Loch (6) entnommen wird, wobei der Außen-Mantel (18) in Position im Inneren des Lochs (6) verbleibt,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Verfahren aufweist:
    - einen Schritt des Einbringens einer Druckmetersonde (86) in den Außen-Mantel (18),
    - einen Mess-Schritt, im Verlaufe dessen eine verformbare Zelle (88) der Druckmetersonde (86) durch ein Fluid aufgepumpt wird, wobei die Zelle (88) den Außen-Mantel (18) radial gegen die Wand des Lochs (6) zwängt.
  2. Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Mess-Schritt wiederholt wird an mehreren Positionen, die entlang der Länge des Lochs (6) verteilt sind, bei sukzessivem Verlagern der Druckmetersonde (86) von einem Boden des Lochs (6) aus zu einem Eingang des Lochs (6) hin, wobei der Außen-Mantel (18) nicht verlagert wird.
  3. Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Außen-Mantel (18) eine Eigengrenzfestigkeit hat, die kleiner oder gleich 1 bar, bevorzugt kleiner als 0,8 bar, ist.
  4. Verfahren gemäß irgendeinem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Außen-Mantel (18) vorgesehen ist, dass er sich unter der Wirkung eines radialen Außendrucks, der zwischen 0,2 und 2 Bar liegt, nicht verformt.
  5. Verfahren gemäß irgendeinem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Außen-Mantel (18) aus einem Kunststoffmaterial ist.
  6. Verfahren gemäß irgendeinem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Außen-Mantel (18) eine Dicke von zwischen 1 und 4 mm hat.
  7. Verfahren gemäß irgendeinem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Innenrohr (16) einen Außendurchmesser hat, der Außen-Mantel (18) einen Innendurchmesser hat und die Differenz zwischen dem Innendurchmesser und dem Außendurchmesser zwischen 2 und 8 mm liegt.
  8. Verfahren gemäß irgendeinem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Außen-Mantel (18) Längsschwächungen (96) hat, die über die Peripherie des Außen-Mantels (18) verteilt sind.
  9. Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Schwächungen (96) realisiert werden nach dem Platzieren des Außen-Mantels (18) im Inneren des Lochs (6).
  10. Verfahren gemäß irgendeinem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Außen-Mantel (18) während des Anhebe-Schritts in Position blockiert ist.
  11. Einrichtung, welche die Realisierung einer Druckmeterprobe ermöglicht, wobei die Einrichtung aufweist:
    - eine Vorrichtung (4) zum Ausheben, aufweisend ein Werkzeug (21) zum Bohren eines länglichen Lochs (6) im Boden (8),
    - ein Rohr (14), das angepasst ist, um sich im Wesentlichen über eine gesamte Längs-Länge des Lochs (6) zu erstrecken, wobei das Rohr (14) ein Innenrohr (16) und einen rohrförmigen Außen-Mantel (18) aufweist, der zwischen dem Innenrohr (16) und einer Wand des Lochs (6) zwischengeordnet ist,
    - eine Vorrichtung (10) zum Positionieren des Rohrs (14) in dem Loch (6) gleichzeitig mit dem Ausheben,
    - eine Vorrichtung (20) zum Entnehmen, nach dem Ausheben des Lochs (6), des Innenrohrs (16) aus dem Loch (6), wobei der Außen-Mantel (18) in Position im Inneren des Lochs (6) verbleibt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Einrichtung aufweist:
    - eine Druckmetersonde (86), die imstande ist, in den Außen-Mantel (18) eingebracht zu werden, und die eine verformbare Zelle (88) aufweist,
    - eine Vorrichtung (90), die vorgesehen ist zum Aufpumpen der verformbaren Zelle (88) mittels eines Fluid, sodass die verformbare Zelle (88) den Außen-Mantel (18) radial gegen die Wand des Lochs (6) zwängt.
  12. Einrichtung gemäß Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Einrichtung aufweist einen Vorrichtung (94), die es ermöglicht, die Druckmetersonde (86) sukzessive zu verlagern in mehrere Positionen, die entlang der Länge des Lochs (6) verteilt sind, ausgehend von einem Boden des Lochs (6) zu einem Eingang des Lochs (6) hin, ohne Verlagern des Außen-Mantels (18).
  13. Einrichtung gemäß Anspruch 11 oder 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Rohr (14) eine Mehrzahl von Organen (64) zur Verbindung des Außen-Mantels (18) und des Innenrohrs (16) miteinander aufweist, die derart eingerichtet sind, dass das Innenrohr (16) mit dem Außen-Mantel (18) zu einem Boden des Lochs (6) hin längstranslationsverbunden ist und bezüglich des Außen-Mantels (18) zu einem Eingang des Lochs (6) hin längstranslationsfrei ist.
  14. Einrichtung gemäß Anspruch 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass - das Innenrohr (15) eine Mehrzahl von Rohrabschnitten (32) aufweist, die über Innenverbindungshülsen (34) miteinander verbunden sind,
    - der Außen-Mantel (18) eine Mehrzahl Mantel-Abschnitten (52) aufweist, die über Außenverbindungshülsen (54) miteinander verbunden sind,
    - jedes Verbindungs-Organ (64) von einer von einer Innenverbindungshülse (34) und einer Außenverbindungshülse (54) getragen wird und mit der anderen einer Innenverbindungshülse (34) und einer Außenverbindungshülse (54) zusammenwirkt zum Längstranslationsverbinden des Innenrohrs (16) mit dem Außen-Mantel (18) zu dem Boden des Lochs (6) hin.
EP16718270.8A 2015-04-10 2016-04-08 Bohrverfahren, verfahren zur durchführung einer druckmessgeräteprüfung und entsprechende anordnung Not-in-force EP3280864B1 (de)

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FR1553142A FR3034805B1 (fr) 2015-04-10 2015-04-10 Procede de forage, procede de realisation d'un essai pressiometrique, ensemble correspondant
PCT/EP2016/057814 WO2016162513A1 (fr) 2015-04-10 2016-04-08 Procédé de forage, procédé de réalisation d'un essai pressiométrique, ensemble correspondant

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CN109165434B (zh) * 2018-08-13 2020-07-28 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 高应力地下洞室流变性软岩稳定性分析的解析计算方法
FR3100326B1 (fr) * 2019-08-29 2021-12-31 Calyf Appareil de mesure du périmètre d’un objet déformable, utilisation de l’appareil pour la pléthysmographie par inductance ou sur un obturateur gonflable, dispositifs de mesure par mise en pression du sous-sol et par compression d’un échantillon de sol ou de roche
CN115992697B (zh) * 2023-03-24 2023-06-13 中海油田服务股份有限公司 一种旁压测试系统及旁压测试方法

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US3005504A (en) * 1959-05-11 1961-10-24 Gardner Denver Co Drilling device
US3945444A (en) * 1975-04-01 1976-03-23 The Anaconda Company Split bit casing drill
US4279299A (en) * 1979-12-07 1981-07-21 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Apparatus for installing condition-sensing means in subterranean earth formations
US6106200A (en) * 1996-11-12 2000-08-22 Techmo Entwicklungs-Und Vertriebs Gmbh Process and device for simultaneously drilling and lining a hole
US6164126A (en) * 1998-10-15 2000-12-26 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Earth formation pressure measurement with penetrating probe
KR20120082278A (ko) 2011-01-13 2012-07-23 삼성전자주식회사 표면 코팅층 및 상기 표면 코팅층을 포함하는 열 교환기
US8733474B2 (en) * 2011-01-14 2014-05-27 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Flow control diverter valve

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WO2016162513A1 (fr) 2016-10-13
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US10598008B2 (en) 2020-03-24
US20180080315A1 (en) 2018-03-22
FR3034805B1 (fr) 2019-06-14

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