EP3276037B1 - Procédé de fabrication de tôle d'acier galvanisée par immersion à chaud - Google Patents

Procédé de fabrication de tôle d'acier galvanisée par immersion à chaud Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3276037B1
EP3276037B1 EP16767930.7A EP16767930A EP3276037B1 EP 3276037 B1 EP3276037 B1 EP 3276037B1 EP 16767930 A EP16767930 A EP 16767930A EP 3276037 B1 EP3276037 B1 EP 3276037B1
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Prior art keywords
pipe
gas
zone
dry gas
hot
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EP16767930.7A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3276037A4 (fr
EP3276037A1 (fr
Inventor
Gentaro Takeda
Masaru Miyake
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JFE Steel Corp
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JFE Steel Corp
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/52—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for wires; for strips ; for rods of unlimited length
    • C21D9/54—Furnaces for treating strips or wire
    • C21D9/56—Continuous furnaces for strip or wire
    • C21D9/561—Continuous furnaces for strip or wire with a controlled atmosphere or vacuum
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/74—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material
    • C21D1/76—Adjusting the composition of the atmosphere
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/46—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for sheet metals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/52—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for wires; for strips ; for rods of unlimited length
    • C21D9/54—Furnaces for treating strips or wire
    • C21D9/56—Continuous furnaces for strip or wire
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
    • C23C2/003—Apparatus
    • C23C2/0038—Apparatus characterised by the pre-treatment chambers located immediately upstream of the bath or occurring locally before the dipping process
    • C23C2/004—Snouts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
    • C23C2/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated, e.g. for coating on selected surface areas
    • C23C2/022—Pretreatment of the material to be coated, e.g. for coating on selected surface areas by heating
    • C23C2/0222—Pretreatment of the material to be coated, e.g. for coating on selected surface areas by heating in a reactive atmosphere, e.g. oxidising or reducing atmosphere
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
    • C23C2/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated, e.g. for coating on selected surface areas
    • C23C2/022—Pretreatment of the material to be coated, e.g. for coating on selected surface areas by heating
    • C23C2/0224—Two or more thermal pretreatments
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
    • C23C2/04—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor characterised by the coating material
    • C23C2/06—Zinc or cadmium or alloys based thereon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
    • C23C2/26—After-treatment
    • C23C2/28—Thermal after-treatment, e.g. treatment in oil bath
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
    • C23C2/34—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the material to be treated
    • C23C2/36—Elongated material
    • C23C2/40—Plates; Strips
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C18/00—Alloys based on zinc
    • C22C18/04—Alloys based on zinc with aluminium as the next major constituent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/14—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing titanium or zirconium

Definitions

  • This disclosure relates to a method of producing hot-dip galvanized steel sheets using a continuous hot-dip galvanizing apparatus including an annealing furnace in which a heating zone, a soaking zone, and a cooling zone are arranged in this order and a hot-dip galvanizing line adjacent to the cooling zone.
  • high tensile strength steel sheets which contribute to lighter-weight structures and the like
  • high tensile strength steel materials for example, it is known that a steel sheet with favorable hole expansion formability can be produced through inclusion of Si in steel, and a steel sheet with favorable ductility where retained austenite ( ⁇ ) forms easily can be produced through inclusion of Si or Al in steel.
  • the galvannealed steel sheet is produced by, after heat-annealing the base material steel sheet at a temperature of about 600 °C to 900 °C in a reducing atmosphere or a non-oxidizing atmosphere, hot-dip galvanizing the steel sheet and further heat-alloying the galvanized coating.
  • Si in the steel is an oxidizable element, and is thus selectively oxidized in a typically used reducing atmosphere or non-oxidizing atmosphere, and concentrated at the surface of the steel sheet in the form of an oxide.
  • This oxide decreases wettability with molten zinc in the galvanizing process, and causes non-coating.
  • Si concentration in the steel With an increase of the Si concentration in the steel wettability decreases rapidly and non-coating occurs frequently. Even in the case where non-coating does not occur, there is still a problem of poor coating adhesion.
  • Si in the steel is selectively oxidized and concentrated at the surface of the steel sheet, a significant alloying delay arises in the alloying process after the hot-dip galvanizing, leading to considerably lower productivity.
  • WO2007/043273 A1 (PTL 1) describes the following technique in relation to the problems set forth above.
  • Si is internally oxidized and concentration of Si at the surface of the steel sheet is prevented by performing annealing under conditions including: heating or soaking the steel sheet at a steel sheet temperature in a range of 300 °C or higher by indirect heating; setting the atmosphere inside the furnace in each zone to an atmosphere of 1 vol% to 10 vol% hydrogen with the balance being nitrogen and incidental impurities; setting the steel sheet end-point temperature during heating in the upstream heating zone to 550 °C or higher and 750 °C or lower and the dew point in the upstream heating zone to lower than -25 °C; setting the dew point in the subsequent downstream heating zone and soaking zone to -30 °C or higher and 0
  • PTL 1 also describes humidifying mixed gas of nitrogen and hydrogen and introducing the mixed gas into the downstream heating zone and/or the soaking zone.
  • US 2009/0123651 A1 (PTL 2) describes a continuous annealing and hot dip plating method using an annealing furnace having, in order, a front heating zone, rear heating zone, soaking zone, and cooling zone and a hot dip plating bath, comprising heating or soaking the steel sheet at a steel sheet temperature of a temperature range of at least 300° C or more by indirect heating, wherein an atmosphere of the zones is comprised of hydrogen H: 1 to 10 vol % and a balance of nitrogen and unavoidable impurities, a steel sheet peak temperature during heating at the front heating zone is 550 to 750° C, the dew point is less than -25° C in the front heating zone, the dew points of the following rear heating zone and soaking zone is -30° C to 0° C, and wherein a dew point of the cooling zone less than -25° C.
  • JP 2008 275 185 A (PTL 3) describes a humidified gas supply method for mixing a saturated moist gas supplied from a humidifying passage having a humidifier and a dry gas supplied from a dry gas passage to produce the humidified gas of predetermined flow rate and predetermined moisture amount, and supplying the same to a humidified gas use destination from the humidified gas supply passage, the pressure and temperature of the saturated moist gas are measured, and a flow rate of the saturated moist gas and a flow rate of the dry gas are respectively set on the basis of the moisture amount of the saturated moist gas and the moisture amount and flow rate of the humidified gas calculated on the basis of the measured pressure and temperature.
  • WO 2014/132638 A1 describes a method for manufacturing hot dip galvanized steel sheets using a continuous hot dip galvanization device provided with a direct fire-type heating zone in which burners are disposed facing the surface of the steel sheet, wherein the dew point of the gas input in the burners is adjusted and hot dip galvanized steel sheets of excellent plating appearance can be obtained even with Si-containing steel.
  • humidified gas is supplied to the soaking zone in addition to reducing or non-oxidizing dry gas, as described in PTL 1, in order to raise the dew point in the soaking zone.
  • a normal strength steel sheet hereinafter, referred to as a "normal steel sheet”
  • only reducing or non-oxidizing dry gas is supplied to the soaking zone and humidified gas is not supplied. Therefore, in a situation such as when a high tensile strength steel sheet and a normal steel sheet are to be produced consecutively, it is necessary to switch between use and non-use of humidified gas during operation.
  • the continuous hot-dip galvanizing apparatus 100 includes an annealing furnace 20 in which a heating zone 10, a soaking zone 12, and cooling zones 14 and 16 are arranged in this order, a hot-dip galvanizing bath 22 adjacent to the cooling zone 16 that serves as a hot-dip galvanizing line, and an alloying line 24 adjacent to the hot-dip galvanizing bath 22.
  • the heating zone 10 in this embodiment includes a first heating zone 10A (upstream heating zone) and a second heating zone 10B (downstream heating zone).
  • the cooling zone includes a first cooling zone 14 (rapid cooling zone) and a second cooling zone 16 (slow cooling zone).
  • a snout 18 connected to the second cooling zone 16 has its tip immersed in the hot-dip galvanizing bath 22, thus connecting the annealing furnace 20 and the hot-dip galvanizing bath 22.
  • a steel strip P is introduced into the first heating zone 10A from a steel strip introduction port in a lower part of the first heating zone 10A.
  • One or more hearth rolls are arranged in upper and lower parts of each of the zones 10, 12, 14, and 16.
  • the steel strip P is conveyed vertically a plurality of times inside a corresponding zone of the annealing furnace 20, forming a plurality of passes. While FIG. 1 illustrates an example of having 10 passes in the soaking zone 12, 2 passes in the first cooling zone 14, and 2 passes in the second cooling zone 16, the numbers of passes are not limited to those in this example, and may be set as appropriate depending on the processing conditions.
  • the steel strip P is not folded back but changed in direction at a right angle to move to the next zone.
  • the steel strip P is thus annealed in the annealing furnace 20 by being conveyed through the heating zone 10, the soaking zone 12, and the cooling zones 14 and 16 in this order.
  • Adjacent zones in the annealing furnace 20 communicate through a communication portion connecting the upper parts or lower parts of the respective zones.
  • the first heating zone 10A and the second heating zone 10B communicate through a throat (restriction portion) connecting the upper parts of the respective zones.
  • the second heating zone 10B and the soaking zone 12 communicate through a throat connecting the lower parts of the respective zones.
  • the soaking zone 12 and the first cooling zone 14 communicate through a throat connecting the lower parts of the respective zones.
  • the first cooling zone 14 and the second cooling zone 16 communicate through a throat connecting the lower parts of the respective zones.
  • the height of each throat may be set as appropriate, it is preferable that the height of each throat is as low as possible to enhance the independence of the atmosphere in each zone.
  • Gas in the annealing furnace 20 flows from downstream to upstream and is discharged from the steel strip introduction port in the lower part of the first heating zone 10A.
  • the second heating zone 10B is a direct fired furnace (DFF).
  • the DFF may be a commonly known DFF.
  • Burners are distributed in the inner wall of the direct fired furnace in the second heating zone 10B so as to face the steel strip P (note that these burners are not illustrated in FIG. 1 ). It is preferable that the burners are divided into groups, and that the combustion rate and the air ratio in each group are independently controllable.
  • Combustion exhaust gas in the second heating zone 10B is supplied into the first heating zone 10A, and the steel strip P is preheated by the heat of the gas.
  • the combustion rate is a value obtained by dividing the amount of fuel gas actually introduced into a burner by the amount of fuel gas of the burner under its maximum combustion load.
  • the combustion rate at the time of combustion by the burner under its maximum combustion load is 100 %.
  • the combustion rate is preferably adjusted to 30 % or more.
  • the air ratio is a value obtained by dividing the amount of air actually introduced into a burner by the amount of air necessary for complete combustion of fuel gas.
  • the heating burners in the second heating zone 10B are divided into four groups (#1 to #4), and the three groups (#1 to #3) upstream in the steel sheet traveling direction are made up of oxidizing burners, and the last group (#4) is made up of reducing burners.
  • the air ratio of the oxidizing burners and the air ratio of the reducing burners are independently controllable.
  • the air ratio of the oxidizing burners is preferably adjusted to 0.95 or more and 1.5 or less.
  • the air ratio of the reducing burners is preferably adjusted to 0.5 or more and less than 0.95.
  • the temperature in the second heating zone 10B is preferably adjusted to 800 °C to 1200 °C.
  • the soaking zone 12 is capable of indirectly heating the steel strip P using a radiant tube (RT) (not illustrated) as heating means.
  • the average temperature Tr (°C) in the soaking zone 12 is measured by inserting a thermocouple into the soaking zone 12 and is preferably adjusted to 700 °C to 900 °C.
  • Reducing gas or non-oxidizing gas is supplied to the soaking zone 12.
  • H 2 /N 2 mixed gas is typically used as the reducing gas.
  • An example is gas (dew point: about -60 °C) having a composition containing 1 vol% to 20 vol% H 2 with the balance being N 2 and incidental impurities.
  • An example of the non-oxidizing gas is gas (dew point: about -60 °C) having a composition containing N 2 and incidental impurities.
  • the reducing gas or non-oxidizing gas supplied to the soaking zone 12 is in two forms: mixed gas and dry gas.
  • dry gas refers to reducing gas or non-oxidizing gas that has a dew point of about -60 °C to -50 °C and that is not humidified by a humidifying device.
  • mixed gas refers to gas obtained through mixing of gas that is humidified by the humidifying device and gas that is not humidified by the humidifying device in a specific mixing ratio such as to have a dew point of -20 °C to 10 °C.
  • a supply system for supplying mixed gas and dry gas to the soaking zone 12 is described with reference to FIG. 2 .
  • the supply system includes, from upstream, a first pipe 31, a second pipe 32, a third pipe 33, a fourth pipe 34, a fifth pipe 35, and a sixth pipe 36, and also includes a gas distribution device 40, a humidifying device 50, a gas mixing device 60, and a draining device 80.
  • Dry gas that is supplied from a gas supply source passes through the first pipe 31.
  • the gas distribution device 40 is connected to the first pipe 31 and distributes dry gas that has passed through the first pipe 31 in a freely variable ratio to the following three systems: the second pipe 32, the third pipe 33, and the fourth pipe 34.
  • the second pipe 32, the third pipe 33, and the fourth pipe 34 branch from the gas distribution device 40 and dry gas that has been distributed by the gas distribution device 40 passes therethrough. Specifically, one portion of dry gas that has passed through the first pipe 31 is supplied to the humidifying device 50 through the second pipe 32, another portion of this dry gas is supplied to the gas mixing device 60 through the third pipe 33, and the remaining portion of this dry gas is supplied straight to the soaking zone 12 through the fourth pipe 34.
  • the gas distribution device 40 cuts off distribution to the second pipe 32 and the third pipe 33 during non-use of mixed gas described further below.
  • Dry gas that has passed through the fourth pipe 34 is supplied into the soaking zone 12 via dry gas supply ports 72A, 72B, 72C, and 72D that are disposed in the soaking zone 12.
  • the position and number of dry gas supply ports is not specifically limited and may be set as appropriate in consideration of various conditions. However, it is preferable that a plurality of dry gas supply ports is arranged at the same height position and that dry gas supply ports are arranged uniformly in the steel strip traveling direction.
  • the humidifying device 50 is connected to the second pipe 32 and dry gas that has passed through the second pipe 32 is introduced therein.
  • the fifth pipe 35 extends from the humidifying device 50 and humidified gas that has been humidified by the humidifying device 50 passes therethrough.
  • the gas mixing device 60 is connected to the third pipe 33 and the fifth pipe 35, and prepares mixed gas having a desired dew point by mixing dry gas that has passed through the third pipe and humidified gas that has passed through the fifth pipe in a given ratio that can be varied.
  • the sixth pipe 36 is a mixed gas pipe that extends from the gas mixing device 60, and mixed gas discharged from the gas mixing device 60 passes therethrough. Mixed gas that has passed through the sixth pipe 36 is supplied into the soaking zone 12 via one or more mixed gas supply ports that are disposed in the soaking zone 12.
  • mixed gas is supplied by two systems: a system of mixed gas supply ports 70A, 70B, and 70C and a system of mixed gas supply ports 71A, 71B, and 71C.
  • the position and number of mixed gas supply ports is not specifically limited and may be set as appropriate in consideration of various conditions. It is preferable that, as in this embodiment, a plurality of mixed gas supply ports is arranged at each of two or more different height positions and that mixed gas supply ports are arranged uniformly in the steel strip traveling direction.
  • the dew point of the mixed gas can be measured by a mixed gas dew point meter 74 disposed in the sixth pipe.
  • the humidifying device 50 includes a tube-shaped module 52 and a circulating constant-temperature water bath 54. Vapor permeable membranes 51 are disposed in the module 52.
  • the vapor permeable membranes 51 in this embodiment are fluorine or polyimide hollow fiber membranes. Although only two vapor permeable membranes 51 are illustrated in FIG. 3 , about 50 to 500 membranes are arranged substantially in parallel.
  • the dry gas that has passed through the second pipe 32 flows through the inside 53A of the vapor permeable membranes, whereas pure water adjusted to a specific temperature in the circulating constant-temperature water bath 54 circulates at the outside 53B of the vapor permeable membranes.
  • the outside 53B of the vapor permeable membranes in the module is in communication with the circulating constant-temperature water bath 54 via passages 55A and 55B.
  • the fluorine or polyimide hollow fiber membranes are each a type of ion exchange membrane with affinity for water molecules.
  • moisture concentration differs between the inside and outside of the hollow fiber membrane, a force for equalizing the moisture concentration difference arises and, with this force as a driving force, moisture permeates through the membrane to move to the side with lower moisture concentration.
  • dry gas is humidified to obtain humidified gas when the dry gas passes through the inside 53A of the vapor permeable membranes in the module 52.
  • the temperature of dry gas varies with seasonal or daily air temperature change. In this embodiment, however, heat exchange is possible by ensuring a sufficient contact area between gas and water through the vapor permeable membranes 51.
  • the dry gas is humidified to the same dew point as the set water temperature, thus achieving highly accurate dew point control.
  • the dew point of the humidified gas can be controlled to any value in the range of 5 °C to 50 °C.
  • a humidified gas pipe is, therefore, heated/heat-retained to at least the dew point of the humidified gas and at least the external air temperature.
  • the internal configuration of the module 52 is not limited to the configuration illustrated in FIG. 3 .
  • the vapor permeable membranes may alternatively be fluorine or polyimide flat membranes.
  • the dry gas that has passed through the second pipe 32 is humidified by, while the dry gas passes through one space in the module that is separated by the vapor permeable membranes, circulating water through another space in the module using the circulating constant-temperature water bath 54.
  • a feature of the continuous hot-dip galvanizing apparatus 100 in this embodiment is that the continuous hot-dip galvanizing apparatus 100 includes the draining device 80 for draining water from the space at the outside 53B of the vapor permeable membranes in the module when mixed gas is not supplied to the soaking zone.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates an example of the draining device 80.
  • the draining device 80 includes a first isolation valve 82, a second passage 84, a second isolation valve 86, and a drainage tank 88.
  • the first isolation valve 82 is disposed in the passage 55B through which water passes when moving toward the circulating constant-temperature water bath 54 from the outside 53B of the vapor permeable membranes in the module.
  • the second passage 84 branches from the passage 55B at a section that is further upstream than the first isolation valve 82 (i.e., toward the outside 53B of the vapor permeable membranes). A tip of the second passage 84 is positioned above the drainage tank 88. The second isolation valve 86 is disposed in the second passage 84. The drainage tank 88 holds water that is drained from the second passage 84.
  • the first isolation valve 82 While humidified gas is being produced, the first isolation valve 82 is fully opened, the second isolation valve 86 is fully closed, and the circulating constant-temperature water bath 54 is used to circulate water at the outside 53B of the vapor permeable membranes in the module. While humidified gas is not being produced, water circulation is stopped, the second isolation valve 86 is fully opened, and the first isolation valve 82 is fully closed to drain water toward the drainage tank 88 from the space at the outside 53B of the vapor permeable membranes in the module. In a situation in which it is not possible to position the module 52 at least 200 mm higher than the top of the drainage tank 88, it is preferable that a suction device or the like is disposed at the drainage tank side in order to drain water in the humidifying device.
  • mixed gas containing humidified gas is supplied to the soaking zone 12 in addition to dry gas.
  • this state is referred to as a "first operational state”.
  • second operational state In production of a normal steel sheet, only dry gas is supplied to the soaking zone 12, and mixed gas is not supplied.
  • this state is referred to as a "second operational state”.
  • switching between the first operational state and the second operational state is performed as follows.
  • the first operational state water is circulated using the circulating constant-temperature water bath 54 and humidified gas is produced in a state in which the first isolation valve 82 is fully opened and the second isolation valve 86 is fully closed.
  • the second operational state distribution of dry gas to the second pipe 32 is stopped and water circulation using the circulating constant-temperature water bath 54 is stopped, and subsequently water is drained from the space at the outside 53B of the vapor permeable membranes in the module using the draining device 80.
  • the second isolation valve 86 is fully opened and the first isolation valve 82 is fully closed.
  • Switching in this manner can prevent condensation and accumulation of excessively humidified gas in pipes upstream and downstream of the module 52 (i.e., the second pipe 32 and the fifth pipe 35), and further downstream in the sixth pipe 36, while in the second operational state. Accordingly, condensation and excessively humidified gas do not enter the soaking zone 12 upon switching from the second operational state to the first operational state. This can inhibit the occurrence of roll pick-up in the soaking zone 12 and, as a result, enables favorable coating appearance to be obtained.
  • the gas flow rate Qrd of dry gas supplied to the soaking zone 12 via the fourth pipe 34 in the first operational state and the second operational state is measured by a gas flowmeter (not illustrated) disposed in the fourth pipe 34.
  • the gas flow rate Qrd is about 0 Nm 3 /hr to 600 Nm 3 /hr. This maintains the furnace pressure in the soaking zone 12 at an appropriate pressure (higher than the direct fired zone) but without the furnace pressure becoming excessively high.
  • the gas flow rate Qrw of mixed gas supplied to the soaking zone 12 via the sixth pipe 36 in the first operational state is measured by a gas flowmeter (not illustrated) disposed in the sixth pipe 36.
  • a gas flowmeter not illustrated
  • the gas flow rate Qrw is about 100 Nm 3 /hr to 500 Nm 3 /hr. This maintains the furnace pressure in the soaking zone 12 at an appropriate pressure (higher than the direct fired zone) but without the furnace pressure becoming excessively high.
  • the dew point in the soaking zone 12 is constantly controlled to -20 °C or higher and 0 °C or lower in the first operational state.
  • Dew point meters are installed at at least one location (dew point measurement position 75A) near lower part hearth rolls 73B (lowest part of the soaking zone) and at least one location (dew point measurement position 75B) below upper part hearth rolls 73A at a higher position than half way up the soaking zone in a height direction (upper part of the soaking zone). Controlling the dew point in the soaking zone 12 to -20°C or higher enables an appropriate alloying temperature in subsequent alloying treatment and enables desired mechanical properties to be obtained.
  • the upper limit of the dew point is preferably 0 °C in terms of uniformity of the dew point distribution in the soaking zone 12 and minimization of the dew point variation range.
  • Mixed gas having a freely selected dew point can be supplied into the soaking zone 12 by adjusting the mixing proportions of gases in the gas mixing device 30.
  • Mixed gas having a high dew point may be supplied to the soaking zone 1 2 if the dew point in the soaking zone 12 is about to fall below the target range.
  • mixed gas having a low dew point may be supplied to the soaking zone 12 if the dew point in the soaking zone 12 is about to rise above the target range.
  • the dew point in the soaking zone 12 can be constantly controlled to -20 °C or higher and 0 °C or lower in the first operational state.
  • the cooling zones 14 and 16 cool the steel strip P.
  • the steel strip P is cooled to about 480 °C to 530 °C in the first cooling zone 14, and cooled to about 470 °C to 500 °C in the second cooling zone 16.
  • the cooling zones 14 and 16 are also supplied with the aforementioned reducing gas or non-oxidizing gas, but in the case of the cooling zones 14 and 16, only dry gas is supplied. Although no specific limitations are placed on supply of dry gas to the cooling zones 14 and 16, it is preferable that the dry gas is supplied from supply ports at at least two locations in a height direction and at least two locations in a longitudinal direction to enable uniform supply into the cooling zone.
  • the total gas flow rate Qcd of dry gas supplied to the cooling zones 14 and 16 is measured by one or more gas flowmeters (not illustrated) disposed in pipes. Although no specific limitations are placed on the total gas flow rate Qcd, the total gas flow rate Qcd is about 200 Nm 3 /hr to 1,000 Nm 3 /hr. This maintains the furnace pressure in the soaking zone 12 at an appropriate pressure (higher than the direct fired zone) but without the furnace pressure becoming excessively high.
  • the hot-dip galvanizing bath 22 can be used to apply a hot-dip galvanized coating onto the steel strip P exiting from the second cooling zone 16.
  • the hot-dip galvanizing may be performed according to a usual method.
  • the alloying line 24 can be used to heat-alloy the galvanized coating applied onto the steel strip P.
  • the alloying treatment may be performed according to a usual method. In this embodiment, the alloying temperature is kept from being high, thus preventing a decrease in tensile strength of the produced galvannealed steel sheet.
  • the alloying line 24 and the alloying treatment performed thereby are not essential to the disclosed techniques because the effects of inhibiting roll pick-up in the soaking zone caused by condensation or the like in a humidified gas pipe and obtaining favorable coating appearance can be achieved even when the alloying treatment is omitted.
  • the continuous hot-dip galvanizing apparatus illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 3 was used to anneal steel strips having chemical compositions shown in Table 1 under annealing conditions shown in Table 2, and then hot-dip galvanize and alloy the steel strips.
  • Steel sample ID A is normal steel and steel sample ID B is high tensile strength steel.
  • annealing, hot-dip galvanizing, and alloying treatment were performed continuously with a sheet passing order shown in Table 2.
  • a DFF was used as the second heating zone. Heating burners were divided into four groups (#1 to #4) where the three groups (#1 to #3) upstream in the steel sheet traveling direction were made up of oxidizing burners and the last group (#4) was made up of reducing burners, and the air ratios of the oxidizing burners and reducing burners were set to the values shown in Table 2. The length of each group in the steel sheet conveyance direction was 4 m.
  • An RT furnace having a volume Vr of 700 m 3 was used as the soaking zone.
  • the average temperature Tr in the soaking zone was set to the value shown in Table 2.
  • Gas (dew point: -50 °C) having a composition containing 15 vol% H 2 with the balance being N 2 and incidental impurities was used as dry gas.
  • a portion of the dry gas was humidified by a humidifying device having 10 hollow fiber membrane-type humidifying modules to prepare mixed gas. In each of the modules, the maximum dry gas flow rate was 500 L/min and the maximum water circulation rate was 10 L/min.
  • a circulating constant-temperature water bath capable of supplying a total of 100 L/min of pure water was used as a common water bath for each of the modules. Dry gas supply ports and mixed gas supply ports were arranged at the positions illustrated in FIG. 2 .
  • the draining device illustrated in FIG. 3 was also set-up.
  • gas was supplied to the soaking zone by adopting the second operational state during passing of a sheet with steel sample ID A and adopting the first operational state during passing of a sheet with steel sample ID B.
  • the dry gas flow rate Qrd, mixed gas flow rate Qrw, and mixed gas dew point shown in Table 2 are each a stable value during passing of a corresponding sheet.
  • the dry gas (dew point: -50 °C) was supplied to the first and second cooling zones at the lowest part of each of the zones with the flow rate shown in Table 2.
  • the temperature of the molten bath was set to 460 °C
  • the Al concentration in the molten bath was set to 0.130 %
  • the coating weight was adjusted to 45 g/m 2 per surface by gas wiping.
  • the line speed was set to 80 mpm to 100 mpm.
  • alloying treatment was performed in an induction heating-type alloying furnace so that the coating alloying degree (Fe content) was 10 % to 13 %.
  • the alloying temperature in the treatment was as shown in Table 2.
  • Evaluation of the coating appearance was conducted through inspection by an optical surface defect meter (detection of non-coating defects or overoxidation defects of ⁇ 0.5 or more) and visual determination of alloying unevenness. Samples passing all criteria were rated “excellent”, samples having a low degree of alloying unevenness were rated “good”, and samples failing at least one of the criteria were rated “poor”. The results are shown in Table 2.
  • Comparative Example No. 1 mixed gas was supplied to raise the dew point of the soaking zone during passing of a sheet with steel sample ID B, and thus it was not necessary to excessively raise the alloying temperature and there was no problem in terms of tensile strength.
  • moisture that had condensed in pipes was supplied into the soaking zone when supply of humidified gas was started for passing of the second sheet. This caused localized elevation of the dew point near the hearth rolls, leading to the occurrence of roll pick-up, and scratches due to this roll pick-up were formed in the steel strip surface. This resulted in poorer coating appearance for the second passed sheet through to the fourth passed sheet.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
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  • Coating With Molten Metal (AREA)
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Claims (4)

  1. Procédé de production de tôles d'acier galvanisé par immersion à chaud utilisant un appareil de galvanisation par immersion à chaud continue (100) comprenant :
    un four de recuit (20) dans lequel une zone de chauffage (10), une zone de trempe (12), et une zone de refroidissement (14, 16) sont agencées dans cet ordre ;
    une ligne de galvanisation par immersion à chaud (22) adjacente à la zone de refroidissement (14, 16) ;
    un premier tuyau (31) à travers lequel passe un gaz sec réducteur ou non-oxydant ;
    un dispositif de distribution de gaz (40) qui est connecté au premier tuyau (31) et qui distribue du gaz sec qui est passé à travers le premier tuyau (31) ;
    un deuxième tuyau (32), un troisième tuyau (33), et un quatrième tuyau (34) qui bifurquent à partir du dispositif de distribution de gaz (40) et à travers lesquels passe du gaz sec qui a été distribué par le dispositif de distribution de gaz (40) ;
    un dispositif d'humidification (50) qui est connecté au deuxième tuyau (32) et dans lequel du gaz sec qui est passé à travers le deuxième tuyau (32) est introduit ;
    un cinquième tuyau (35) qui s'étend depuis le dispositif d'humidification (50) et à travers lequel passe du gaz humidifié qui a été humidifié par le dispositif d'humidification (50) ;
    un dispositif de mélange de gaz (60) qui est connecté au troisième tuyau (33) et au cinquième tuyau (35) et qui prépare du gaz mélangé en mélangeant du gaz sec qui est passé à travers le troisième tuyau (33) et du gaz humidifié qui est passé à travers le cinquième tuyau (35) ;
    un sixième tuyau (36) qui s'étend depuis le dispositif de mélange de gaz (60) et à travers lequel passe le gaz mélangé ;
    un orifice d'alimentation en gaz mélangé (70A, 70B, 70C, 71A, 71B, 71C) disposé dans la zone de trempe (12) pour alimenter du gaz mélangé qui est passé à travers le sixième tuyau (36) dans la zone de trempe (12) ; et
    un orifice d'alimentation en gaz sec (72A, 72B, 72C, 72D) disposé dans la zone de trempe (12) pour alimenter du gaz sec qui est passé à travers le quatrième tuyau (34) dans la zone de trempe (12), dans lequel
    le dispositif d'humidification (50) comprend un module (52) comprenant une membrane perméable à la vapeur (51), et est configuré pour humidifier le gaz sec qui est passé à travers le deuxième tuyau (32) en, pendant que le gaz sec passe à travers un espace (53A) dans le module (52) qui est séparé par la membrane perméable à la vapeur (51), faisant circuler de l'eau à travers un autre espace (53B) dans le module (52) en utilisant un bain d'eau en circulation à température constante (54), et
    l'appareil de galvanisation par immersion à chaud continue (100) comprend en outre un dispositif de drainage (80) pour drainer de l'eau depuis l'autre espace (53B) dans le module (52) lorsque le gaz mélangé n'est pas alimenté dans la zone de trempe (12), dans lequel le procédé comprend les étapes consistant à :
    recuire une bande d'acier (P) en transportant la bande d'acier (P) à travers la zone de chauffage (10), la zone de trempe (12), et la zone de refroidissement (14, 16) à l'intérieur du four de recuit (20), dans cet ordre ; et
    appliquer un revêtement galvanisé par immersion à chaud sur la bande d'acier (P) sortant de la zone de refroidissement (14, 16) en utilisant la ligne de galvanisation par immersion à chaud (22), dans lequel le procédé est effectué consécutivement dans un premier état de fonctionnement, dans lequel une tôle d'acier à haute résistance à la traction est produite et dans lequel le gaz mélangé et le gaz sec sont alimentés dans la zone de trempe (12) et une mise en circulation d'eau est effectuée en utilisant le bain d'eau en circulation à température constante (54), et
    un second état de fonctionnement, dans lequel une tôle d'acier à résistance à la traction normale est produite et dans lequel seul le gaz sec est alimenté dans la zone de trempe (12) et le gaz mélangé n'est pas alimenté, une distribution du gaz sec au deuxième tuyau (32) est arrêtée, de l'eau est drainée depuis l'autre espace (53B) dans le module (52) en utilisant le dispositif de drainage (80), et une mise en circulation d'eau avec le bain d'eau en circulation à température constante (54) n'est pas effectuée.
  2. Procédé de production de tôles d'acier galvanisé par immersion à chaud selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que,
    lors du passage du second état de fonctionnement au premier état de fonctionnement, une mise en circulation d'eau en utilisant le bain d'eau en circulation à température constante (54) est redémarrée et une distribution ultérieure du gaz sec vers le deuxième tuyau (32) est redémarrée.
  3. Procédé de production de tôles d'acier galvanisé par immersion à chaud selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que
    un point de rosée dans la zone de trempe (12) est commandé à -20°C ou plus et 0°C ou moins dans le premier état de fonctionnement.
  4. Procédé de production de tôles d'acier galvanisé par immersion à chaud selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé par
    l'alliage à chaud du revêtement galvanisé appliqué sur la bande d'acier (P) en utilisant une ligne d'alliage (24) adjacente à la ligne de galvanisation par immersion à chaud (22).
EP16767930.7A 2015-03-23 2016-02-19 Procédé de fabrication de tôle d'acier galvanisée par immersion à chaud Active EP3276037B1 (fr)

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JP2015060139A JP6008007B2 (ja) 2015-03-23 2015-03-23 連続溶融亜鉛めっき装置及び溶融亜鉛めっき鋼板の製造方法
PCT/JP2016/000899 WO2016152018A1 (fr) 2015-03-23 2016-02-19 Appareil de galvanisation par immersion à chaud en continu et procédé de fabrication de tôle d'acier galvanisée par immersion à chaud

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WO2018198493A1 (fr) * 2017-04-27 2018-11-01 Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 Procédé de production de tôle d'acier recuite après galvanisation et appareil de galvanisation en continu par immersion à chaud
JP6822934B2 (ja) * 2017-10-26 2021-01-27 株式会社神戸製鋼所 溶融亜鉛めっき鋼板の製造方法
CN109722516B (zh) * 2019-02-01 2020-07-17 北京钢研新冶工程设计有限公司 一种快速调控退火炉内气体露点的装置及方法
CN111321364A (zh) * 2020-03-31 2020-06-23 无锡聚永丰环保科技有限公司 一种镀锌钢丝高效镀锌装置
CN111304424A (zh) * 2020-04-27 2020-06-19 唐山曹妃甸区首燕机械有限公司 一种炉鼻子加湿器
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CN115287567A (zh) * 2022-08-04 2022-11-04 江阴市华达机械科技有限公司 一种炉鼻子加湿系统

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KR20170117522A (ko) 2017-10-23
JP2016180137A (ja) 2016-10-13
KR102026708B1 (ko) 2019-09-30
EP3276037A4 (fr) 2018-03-21
WO2016152018A1 (fr) 2016-09-29
JP6008007B2 (ja) 2016-10-19
CN107429374B (zh) 2020-01-14
MX2017012192A (es) 2017-12-15
EP3276037A1 (fr) 2018-01-31

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