EP3270736B1 - Matelas à régulation thermique comprenant un tissu thermoélectrique - Google Patents

Matelas à régulation thermique comprenant un tissu thermoélectrique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3270736B1
EP3270736B1 EP16715175.2A EP16715175A EP3270736B1 EP 3270736 B1 EP3270736 B1 EP 3270736B1 EP 16715175 A EP16715175 A EP 16715175A EP 3270736 B1 EP3270736 B1 EP 3270736B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mattress
aspects
fabric
thermoelectric
type layer
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Active
Application number
EP16715175.2A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3270736A1 (fr
Inventor
Michael S. Defranks
Michael A. Golin
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Dreamwell Ltd
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Dreamwell Ltd
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47C—CHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
    • A47C21/00—Attachments for beds, e.g. sheet holders, bed-cover holders; Ventilating, cooling or heating means in connection with bedsteads or mattresses
    • A47C21/04—Devices for ventilating, cooling or heating
    • A47C21/042—Devices for ventilating, cooling or heating for ventilating or cooling
    • A47C21/044—Devices for ventilating, cooling or heating for ventilating or cooling with active means, e.g. by using air blowers or liquid pumps
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47C—CHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
    • A47C21/00—Attachments for beds, e.g. sheet holders, bed-cover holders; Ventilating, cooling or heating means in connection with bedsteads or mattresses
    • A47C21/04—Devices for ventilating, cooling or heating
    • A47C21/048—Devices for ventilating, cooling or heating for heating

Definitions

  • the present disclosure generally relates to mattress assemblies, specifically to temperature control mattress assemblies using thermoelectric fabric.
  • fluid-based systems both gas and liquid have been employed to reduce sleep surface temperature. These systems typically require a pump to circulate cooled fluid through a mattress. These systems generate significant amounts of noise as they pump fluid through manifolds or radiators in the mattress. Additionally, these systems come at significant cost.
  • thermoelectric systems have been employed. These systems typically use rigid components spaced about a mattress to utilize the Peltier effect and transfer heat from the surface of the mattress. These systems are localized about the components resulting in a surface with non-uniform temperature distribution. Additionally, the rigid components limit their placement within the mattress assembly and can cause discomfort for sleepers. In some existing designs, multiple thermoelectric components are spaced about the interior of a mattress in order to cool a sleep surface. The separation between components decreases effectivity, as the cooling mechanisms do not treat the sleep surface uniformly. This generates hot and cold spots on the surface of the mattress.
  • thermoelectric device comprising a plurality of thermoelectric elements wherein the thermoelectric elements are woven in and out of holes in an insulating panel wherein portions of the metal within the holes in the panel are mostly compacted and portions outside the holes in the panel are mostly expanded, or pairs of thermoelectric elements having metal therebetween are pushed through a hole from one side of an insulating panel exposing a loop of expanded or expandable metal on the other side and retaining the elements within the panel, mounted on top of the mattress, wherein (a) the mattress is a spring mattress, and a portion of the conductor is exposed in the cavity containing the springs and forced or natural convection of air is available in said cavity; or (b) the mattress is an air mattress and the thermoelectric device is mounted on top of the air mattress, and includes a thermal connection of the conductor on one side of the device into the cavity containing the air and movement of the air is available in said cavity
  • the temperature control mattress can include a body support having a proximal surface that is configured to support a human body and a flexible thermoelectric fabric disposed along at least a portion of the body support.
  • the flexible thermoelectric fabric can be in thermal communication with the proximal surface of the body support and such that the flexible thermoelectric fabric is configured to cool the proximal surface of the body support.
  • like-numbered components generally have similar features, and thus each feature of each like-numbered component is not necessarily fully elaborated upon.
  • linear or circular dimensions are used in the description of the disclosed systems, devices, and methods, such dimensions are not intended to limit the types of shapes that can be used in conjunction with such systems, devices, and methods. A person skilled in the art will recognize that an equivalent to such linear and circular dimensions can be determined for any geometric shape. Sizes and shapes of the systems and devices, and the components thereof, can depend at least on the size and shape of the components with which the systems and devices will be used, and the methods and procedures in which the systems and devices will be used.
  • thermoelectric fabrics have been developed for use in various applications.
  • thermoelectric fabrics are disclosed in U.S. Publication No. 2013/0312806 , which is titled "Thermoelectric Apparatus and Applications Thereof".
  • These flexible thermoelectric fabrics can employ a layered p-n junction material to generate temperature gradients from electricity. Modules of the material may be arranged in series, parallel or a combination in order to achieve the desired temperature distribution.
  • the thermoelectric fabric remains flexible due to its polymeric construction. This allows for retained comfort when placing the layers closer to the surface of the mattress where the body is generating heat.
  • Thermoelectric fabrics can also cover an entire sleep surface if needed. This can decrease the positional requirements of the sleeper allowing them to move freely in the mattress while still experiencing uniform temperature distribution.
  • Flexible, polymer-based thermoelectric fabrics can be constructed through the lamination of doped p- and n- junction polymers separated by an insulating material. These laminated modules can be stacked and arranged in series, parallel or a combination in order to achieve the desired temperature distribution. Polymer based thermoelectric fabrics can be placed nearer the surface of a mattress to increase efficiency of the cooling or heating process.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates an expanded side view of a thermoelectric apparatus that forms example flexible thermoelectric fabrics.
  • the thermoelectric apparatus illustrated in FIG. 1 comprises two p-type layers 1 coupled to an n-type layer 2 in an alternating fashion.
  • the alternating coupling of p-type 1 and n-type 2 layers provides the thermoelectric apparatus a z-type configuration having p-n junctions 4 on opposite sides of the apparatus.
  • Insulating layers 3 are disposed between interfaces of the p-type layers 1 and the n-type layer 2 as the p-type 1 and n-type 2 layers are in a stacked configuration.
  • the thermoelectric apparatus provided in FIG. 1 is in an expanded state to facilitate illustration and understanding of the various components of the apparatus. In some aspects, however, the thermoelectric apparatus is not in an expanded state such that the insulating layers 3 are in contact with a p-type layer 1 and an n-type layer 2.
  • FIG. 1 additionally illustrates the current flow through the thermoelectric apparatus induced by exposing one side of the apparatus to a heat source. Electrical contacts X are provided to the thermoelectric apparatus for application of the thermally generated current to an external load.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates an exemplary thermoelectric apparatus 200, wherein the p-type layers 201 and the n-type layers 202 are in a stacked configuration.
  • the p-type layers 201 and the n-type layers 202 can be separated by insulating layers 207 in the stacked configuration.
  • the thermoelectric apparatus 200 can be connected to an external load by electrical contacts 204, 205.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates an exemplary flexible thermoelectric fabric 300.
  • the flexible thermoelectric fabric 300 can comprise a thermoelectric apparatus as described above with respect to FIGS. 1-2 such that the apparatus forms a fabric that is capable of bending easily without breaking the circuits.
  • the flexible thermoelectric fabric can comprise at least one p-type layer coupled to at least one n-type layer to provide a p-n junction, and an insulating layer at least partially disposed between the p-type layer and the n-type layer, the p-type layer comprising a plurality of carbon nanoparticles and the n-type layer comprising a plurality of n-doped carbon nanoparticles.
  • carbon nanoparticles of the p-type layer are p-doped and carbon nanoparticles of the n-type layer are n-doped.
  • a p-type layer of a flexible thermoelectric fabric or apparatus can further comprise a polymer matrix in which the carbon nanoparticles are disposed.
  • an n-type layer further comprises a polymer matrix in which the n-doped carbon nanoparticles are disposed.
  • p-type layers and n-type layers of a flexible thermoelectric fabric or apparatus described herein are in a stacked configuration.
  • carbon nanoparticles of a p-type layer comprise fullerenes, carbon nanotubes, or mixtures thereof.
  • carbon nanotubes can comprise single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNT), multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNT), as well as p-doped single-walled carbon nanotubes, p-doped multi-walled carbon nanotubes or mixtures thereof.
  • N-doped carbon nanoparticles can comprise fullerenes, carbon nanotubes, or mixtures thereof.
  • n-doped carbon nanotubes can also comprise single-walled carbon nanotubes, muiti-walled carbon nanotubes or mixtures thereof.
  • a p-type layer and/or n-type layer can further comprise a polymeric matrix in which the carbon nanoparticles are disposed. Any polymeric material not inconsistent with the objectives of the present invention can be used in the production of a polymeric matrix.
  • a polymeric matrix comprises a fluoropolymer including, but not limited to, polyvinyl fluoride (PVF), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), or mixtures or copolymers thereof.
  • a polymer matrix comprises polyacrylic acid (PAA), polymethacrylate (PMA), polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) or mixtures or copolymers thereof.
  • a polymer matrix comprises a polyolefin including, but not limited to polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutylene or mixtures or copolymers thereof.
  • a polymeric matrix can also comprise one or more conjugated polymers and can comprise one or more semiconducting polymers.
  • the "Seebeck coefficient" of a material is a measure of the magnitude of an induced thermoelectric voltage in response to a temperature difference across that material.
  • a p-type layer in some aspects, can have a Seebeck coefficient of at least about 3 ⁇ V/K at a temperature of 290° K. In some aspects, a p-type layer has a Seebeck coefficient of at least about 5 ⁇ V/K. at a temperature of 290° K. In some aspects, a p-type layer has a Seebeck coefficient of at least about 10 ⁇ V/K at a temperature of 290° K.
  • a p-type layer has a Seebeck coefficient of at least about 15 ⁇ V/K or at least about 20 ⁇ V/K at a temperature of 290° K. In some aspects, a p-type layer has a Seebeck coefficient of at least about 30 ⁇ V/K at a temperature of 290° K. A p-type layer, in some aspects, has a Seebeck coefficient ranging from about 3 ⁇ V/K to about 35 ⁇ V/K at a temperature of 290° K. A p-type layer, in some aspects, has a Seebeck coefficient ranging from about 5 ⁇ V/K to about 35 ⁇ V/K at a temperature of 290° K.
  • a p-type layer has Seebeck coefficient ranging from about 10 ⁇ V/K to about 30 ⁇ V/K at a temperature of 290° K.
  • the Seebeck coefficient of a p-type layer can be varied according to carbon nanoparticle identity and loading.
  • the Seebeck coefficient of a p-type layer is inversely proportional to the single-walled carbon nanotube loading of the p-type layer.
  • an n-type layer can have a Seebeck coefficient of at least about -3 ⁇ V/K at a temperature of 290° K. In some aspects, an n-type layer has a Seebeck coefficient at least about -5 ⁇ V/K at a temperature of 290° K. In some aspects, an n-type layer has a Seebeck coefficient at least about -10 ⁇ V/K at a temperature of 290° K. In some aspects, an n-type layer has a Seebeck coefficient of at least about -15 ⁇ V/K or at least about -20 ⁇ V/K at a temperature of 290° K.
  • an n-type layer has a Seebeck coefficient of at least about -30 ⁇ V/K at a temperature of 290° K.
  • An n-type layer in some aspects, has a Seebeck coefficient ranging from about -3 ⁇ V/K to about -35 ⁇ V/K at a temperature of 290° K. In some aspects, an n-type layer has Seebeck coefficient ranging from about 5 ⁇ V/K to about -35 ⁇ V/K at a temperature of 290° K. In some aspects, an n-type layer has Seebeck coefficient ranging from about -10 ⁇ V/K to about -30 ⁇ V/K at a temperature of 290° K.
  • the Seebeck coefficient of an n-type layer can be varied according to n-doped carbon nanoparticle identity and loading. In some aspects, for example, the Seebeck coefficient of an n-type layer is inversely proportional to the carbon nanoparticle loading of the n-type layer.
  • the flexible thermoelectric fabric can include an insulating layer.
  • An insulating layer can comprise one or more polymeric materials. Any polymeric material not inconsistent with the objectives of the present invention can be used in the production of an insulating layer.
  • an insulating layer comprises polyacrylic acid (PAA), polymethacrylate (PMA), polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) or mixtures or copolymers thereof.
  • PAA polyacrylic acid
  • PMA polymethacrylate
  • PMMA polymethylmethacrylate
  • an insulating layer comprises a polyolefin including, but not limited to polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutylene or mixtures or copolymers thereof.
  • an insulating layer comprises PVDF.
  • An insulating layer can have any desired thickness not inconsistent with the objectives of the present invention.
  • an insulating layer has a thickness of at least about 50 nm.
  • an insulating layer has a thickness ranging from about 5 nm to about 50 ⁇ m Additionally, an insulating layer can have any desired length not inconsistent with the objectives of the present invention.
  • an insulating layer has a length substantially consistent with the lengths of the p-type and n-type layers between which the insulating layer is disposed. That is, in some aspects, an insulating layer, p-type layer, and/or n-type layer can have a length of at least about 1 ⁇ m. In some aspects, an insulating layer, p-type layer, and/or n-type layer can have a length ranging from about 1 ⁇ m to about 500 mm.
  • the flexible thermoelectric fabric can be incorporated into a mattress assembly.
  • the mattress assembly can be configured to be a temperature control mattress and, additionally or alternatively, can be configured to produce an electric charge.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates an example mattress assembly 400 having a body support 402.
  • the body support 402 has a proximal surface 404 that can support a body 406.
  • the body 406, as shown, can be a human body and the body support 402 can be configured to support the body in a prone, supine, semi-supine, sitting, or any other position so long as the body support 402 supports some portion of the body.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates an example mattress assembly 500.
  • the mattress assembly 500 can have an inner support 502 and a body support surface 504.
  • the inner support 502 can be any of a spring, foam, air, or any other core support structure known in the art.
  • the body support surface 504 can, as shown, include a variety of layers 506, 508, 510, 512, 514.
  • the layers can be formed of any support material including foams, gels, fabrics, down feathers, or any other known support material.
  • the layers 506, 508, 510, 512, 514 can be configured to allow heat to transfer from the proximal surface or proximal most layer 506 to the distal most layer 514.
  • a flexible thermoelectric fabric can be disposed between any of layers 506, 508, 510, 512, 514.
  • any of the layers 506, 508, 510, 512, 514 can be formed of an example flexible thermoelectric fabric in accordance with the disclosures made herein.
  • layer 506 can be a decorative quilt mattress topper.
  • the quilt topper 506 can be formed of a flexible thermoelectric fabric.
  • the flexible thermoelectric fabric 608 can be formed of stacked p-layers, n-layers, and insulation layers, as is described above. As such, the flexible thermoelectric fabric 608 can be configured to utilize the Peltier effect and/or the Seebeck effect. As used herein and as a person of ordinary skill will understand, the "Peltier effect” means the presence of heating or cooling at an electrified junction of two different conductors. Further, as a person of ordinary skill will understand, the "Seebeck effect” means an induced thermoelectric voltage in response to a temperature differential across a material.
  • FIG. 7 illustrates an exemplary diagram of the Peltier effect, which can result in cooling of the body support surface when the flexible thermoelectric fabric is disposed such that it is in thermal communication with the proximal surface of the body support.
  • the top-most layer 702 of the fabric is cooled as charge moves through the player 704 and n-layers 706 accordingly.
  • heat is dissipated along a bottom-most surface 708 of the fabric as the p-layer(s) and n-layer(s) are connected by a circuit 710.
  • Fig. 8 illustrates a schematic diagram of the Seebeck effect, which can result in the generation of an electrical voltage when the flexible fabric is heated at the proximal surface of the body support, such as when a human lays on the body support and transfers its body heat into the proximal surface of the body support.
  • the top-most surface 802 of the fabric is exposed to a heat source- i.e ., a sleeper's body heat-and the bottom-most surface 808 is at a temperature that is cooler than the top-most layer 802. Voltage is generated by the system when the p-layers 804 are connected to the n-layers 806 with a load resistor 810.
  • the fabric can be disposed along an entire proximal surface of a mattress.
  • a mattress topper can be formed entirely of flexible thermoelectric fabric.
  • the fabric can be strategically located along portions of the fabric so as to maximize thermal communication between the proximal surface and the fabric. That is, the fabric can be placed in any manner that is consistent with absorbing a desired and/or optimal amount of body heat from a body.
  • the flexible nature of the example thermoelectric fabrics provide various advantages as described herein.
  • thermoelectric system For example, they are less costly to produce, more comfortable, more easily integrated and would provide more well distributed functionality on a large surface such as a mattress.
  • the above disclosure solves positional and comfort issues by allowing for uniform thermal control decreasing hot spots or cold spots. This in turn also allows the sleeper to move freely without sensing changes in the cooling/heating system efficiency and furthermore, allows for the thermoelectric system to be near the surface of the mattress for greater efficiency.

Landscapes

  • Mattresses And Other Support Structures For Chairs And Beds (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Matelas à régulation de température (500), comprenant :
    un support de corps (502) présentant une surface proximale (504), laquelle est configurée pour supporter un corps humain, et
    un tissu thermoélectrique flexible (300) disposé le long d'au moins une portion du support de corps (502) de telle sorte que le tissu thermoélectrique flexible présente une communication thermique avec la surface proximale (504) du support de corps (502), et que le tissu thermoélectrique flexible (300) est configuré pour refroidir la surface proximale (504) du support de corps (502), dans lequel le tissu thermoélectrique flexible (300) comprend une pluralité de nanotubes de carbone, et dans lequel une portion des nanotubes de carbone sont des nanotubes de carbone à paroi simple.
  2. Matelas selon la revendication 1, dans lequel le tissu thermoélectrique flexible (300) est disposé le long de toute la surface proximale (504) du support de corps (502).
  3. Matelas selon la revendication 1, dans lequel la pluralité de nanotubes de carbone forment une pluralité de couches de type p (201) couplées à une pluralité de couches de type n (202) afin de fournir une pluralité de jonctions p-n.
  4. Matelas selon la revendication 1, dans lequel le tissu thermoélectrique flexible (300) comprend en outre au moins une couche isolante (207).
  5. Matelas selon la revendication 1, dans lequel le tissu thermoélectrique flexible est disposé entre des couches (506, 508, 510, 512, 514) formant le support de corps (502).
  6. Matelas selon la revendication 3, dans lequel la pluralité de couches de type p (201) présentent un coefficient de Seebeck d'au moins environ 3 µV/K à 290 ° K.
  7. Matelas selon la revendication 3, dans lequel la pluralité de couches de type n (202) présentent un coefficient de Seebeck d'au moins environ -3 µV/K à 290 ° K.
  8. Matelas selon la revendication 3, dans lequel la pluralité de nanotubes de carbone sont disposés dans une matrice polymère.
EP16715175.2A 2015-03-17 2016-03-17 Matelas à régulation thermique comprenant un tissu thermoélectrique Active EP3270736B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US201562134151P 2015-03-17 2015-03-17
PCT/US2016/022817 WO2016149474A1 (fr) 2015-03-17 2016-03-17 Matelas à régulation thermique comprenant un tissu thermoélectrique

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EP3270736A1 EP3270736A1 (fr) 2018-01-24
EP3270736B1 true EP3270736B1 (fr) 2018-12-19

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US (1) US20160270544A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP3270736B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN107360711A (fr)
CA (1) CA2978336A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2016149474A1 (fr)

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WO2016196318A1 (fr) * 2015-05-29 2016-12-08 Wake Forest University Jonctions pn en film mince et leurs applications
TWI686522B (zh) * 2018-04-27 2020-03-01 智能紡織科技股份有限公司 溫控織物及使用其製成的可穿戴物
TWI740033B (zh) * 2018-04-27 2021-09-21 智能紡織科技股份有限公司 溫控織物及使用其製成的可穿戴物
CN110574978A (zh) * 2018-06-11 2019-12-17 智能纺织科技股份有限公司 温控织物及使用其制成的可穿戴物
CN110574977A (zh) * 2018-06-11 2019-12-17 智能纺织科技股份有限公司 温控织物及使用其制成的可穿戴物
US20200015752A1 (en) * 2018-07-13 2020-01-16 John R Baxter Textile utilizing carbon nanotubes
US11864659B2 (en) 2019-10-04 2024-01-09 Dreamwell, Ltd. Sleep concierge

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Publication number Publication date
EP3270736A1 (fr) 2018-01-24
CN107360711A (zh) 2017-11-17
WO2016149474A1 (fr) 2016-09-22
CA2978336A1 (fr) 2016-09-22
US20160270544A1 (en) 2016-09-22

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