EP3270033B1 - Procédé de ravitaillement en gaz naturel en particulier des véhicules poids lourds - Google Patents

Procédé de ravitaillement en gaz naturel en particulier des véhicules poids lourds Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3270033B1
EP3270033B1 EP17180764.7A EP17180764A EP3270033B1 EP 3270033 B1 EP3270033 B1 EP 3270033B1 EP 17180764 A EP17180764 A EP 17180764A EP 3270033 B1 EP3270033 B1 EP 3270033B1
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Prior art keywords
gas
tank
delivery
gas tank
compressor
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EP17180764.7A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3270033A1 (fr
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Franz Braun
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C5/00—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures
    • F17C5/06—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures for filling with compressed gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0323—Valves
    • F17C2205/0335—Check-valves or non-return valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
    • F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
    • F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0107—Single phase
    • F17C2223/0123—Single phase gaseous, e.g. CNG, GNC
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/036—Very high pressure (>80 bar)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/01—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2225/0107—Single phase
    • F17C2225/0123—Single phase gaseous, e.g. CNG, GNC
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/03—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2225/036—Very high pressure, i.e. above 80 bars
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
    • F17C2227/0128—Propulsion of the fluid with pumps or compressors
    • F17C2227/0157—Compressors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
    • F17C2227/0128—Propulsion of the fluid with pumps or compressors
    • F17C2227/0171—Arrangement
    • F17C2227/0185—Arrangement comprising several pumps or compressors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/01—Intermediate tanks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/04—Indicating or measuring of parameters as input values
    • F17C2250/0404—Parameters indicated or measured
    • F17C2250/0443—Flow or movement of content
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/06—Fluid distribution
    • F17C2265/065—Fluid distribution for refueling vehicle fuel tanks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0165—Applications for fluid transport or storage on the road
    • F17C2270/0168—Applications for fluid transport or storage on the road by vehicles
    • F17C2270/0171—Trucks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0165—Applications for fluid transport or storage on the road
    • F17C2270/0168—Applications for fluid transport or storage on the road by vehicles
    • F17C2270/0178—Cars

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for refueling vehicles with gaseous fuels, e.g. the refueling of heavy goods vehicles, in particular biomethane, natural gas, or other (bio) methane-containing fuels and a corresponding gas filling station.
  • gaseous fuels e.g. the refueling of heavy goods vehicles, in particular biomethane, natural gas, or other (bio) methane-containing fuels and a corresponding gas filling station.
  • CNG Compressed Natural Gas
  • CNG Compressed Natural Gas
  • natural gas is somewhat blurred, at first it was understood to mean only gas obtained from fossil deposits, which largely consists of methane ('fossil natural gas'). The composition varied from deposit to deposit. Today (and therefore also in the context of this application) is understood as natural gas (natural gas) and technically or biologically produced gases, which have a similar composition to fossil natural gas, ie essentially consist of methane.
  • Natural gas is available across a wide network of natural gas throughout the country. This network is also referred to as a gas supply network or shortened as a gas network. In order to use natural gas as a fuel for motor vehicles, it is usually taken from the gas station operator to the natural gas network and compressed to about 200bar to 300bar. The compressed natural gas is then filled into the gas tanks of motor vehicles.
  • Subject of the utility model DE 295 16 989 U1 is a gas refueling system with a storage tank and a compressor.
  • the storage tank has a tank volume which corresponds approximately to the maximum expected in one hour to be dispensed volume.
  • the compressor capacity is such that it fills the storage tank between 4% and 50% in one hour.
  • the U.S. Patent 8,091,593 B2 relates to a method for filling a compressed gas tank with hydrogen by means of a compressor.
  • the compressor is driven by a working fluid with heat exchange between the compressed hydrogen and the working fluid.
  • the WO 2015/122247 proposes a hydrogen refueling station.
  • the hydrogen filling station has a compressor for compressing hydrogen.
  • the compressor is connected downstream via a gas line to a delivery point for refueling motor vehicles.
  • From the gas line branches off a first branch line to a feed connection of a pressure tank.
  • the pressure tank also has a discharge port, which is connected via a second branch line to the gas line, the second branch line opens downstream of the first spur line in the gas line.
  • the two branch lines can be opened or closed via valves.
  • a controller is set up to open the two valves simultaneously.
  • the vehicles' gas tanks typically have (today) a nominal pressure of 200 bars (in the EU) or 250 bars (for example, the USA).
  • Corresponding filling station technology exists basically and has been tested.
  • the filling station network is still very patchy and can not provide long-distance freight.
  • the expansion of the gas filling stations on the highways will therefore be very important. This is where the invention starts.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a method for refueling multiple vehicles with a gas that can be implemented very economically.
  • the invention has the object to provide a corresponding gas station.
  • a planned service life of at least one vehicle to be refueled at the filling station is first queried.
  • the vehicle has at least one gas tank from which an engine of the vehicle is fed and which is to be filled at the gas station.
  • the term planned life shall designate the time required to fill the gas tank, i. is available for refueling.
  • the necessary for filling the gas tank to a predetermined level fill level is determined.
  • the predetermined level can be predetermined by the nominal pressure of the gas tank or the maximum filling pressure of the gas station.
  • a certain amount of gas can be specified, for example, as a relative indication based on the maximum capacity or as an absolute quantity specification (eg as a mass specification) or an equivalent specification (eg standard cubic meter [Nm 3 ]).
  • an absolute quantity specification eg as a mass specification
  • Nm 3 standard cubic meter
  • the stored amount of gas can be determined, for example, by the pressure increase in the gas tank when filling with a small amount of sample.
  • the stored amount of gas can be passed, for example, from a vehicle control to a gas station control, for example via a radio data link.
  • vehicle parameters such as the tank volume can be transferred in this way to the gas station control.
  • such parameters may be encoded in type codes or the like.
  • the available for filling the gas tank capacity of at least one compressor, the input side communicating with a gas supply network is determined.
  • the amount of gas which can be conveyed by the compressor per unit of time is here also referred to as the delivery rate and can be indicated, for example, in kg / h or in another unit representing a quantity of substance per unit of time.
  • the tank time can be estimated.
  • the expected tank time is the quotient of the filling quantity and the delivery rate, with the filling quantity in the numerator and the delivery rate in the denominator.
  • the expected tank time may e.g. be determined at least approximately by means of tables or curves. If the expected tank time is less than the service life, the gas tank is filled by means of the compressor. For this purpose, gas is taken from a gas supply network and conveyed by the at least one compressor in the gas tank, e.g. pumped.
  • gas from a gas storage in which a higher pressure prevails than in the gas supply network promoted in the gas tank This can be done in the simplest case by simple overflow, i. if there is a higher pressure in the gas reservoir than in the gas tank, then the gas flows into the gas tank following the pressure gradient.
  • the gas storage can also be connected to the input side of a compressor. As a result, the delivery rate of the compressor increases accordingly and the tank time is shorter.
  • the method according to the invention has a whole series of advantages: Previously, gas filling stations had a mostly multi-stage gas storage, which was fed by one or more compressors. From the gas storage then the gas was delivered to the gas tanks. Although this method has the advantage of rapid Matterströmbe colllung the gas tanks, but it is energetically very unfavorable, because when overflow from the compressor performed compression work simplifies formulated, destroyed 'is. Of course, here is the first law of thermodynamics, but at the end of the refueling is a lower total pressure, as previously prevailed in the gas storage. The work that corresponds to the generation of the pressure difference was therefore done in vain, so to speak.
  • a gas storage is also provided, however, this is only emptied if the planned life otherwise would not be sufficient to refuel the gas tank.
  • the invention is based on the observation that the statutory breaks of professional drivers are sufficient to fill the gas tank usually without the aid of a compressed gas storage within the unavoidable life. Only if this is not foreseeable enough, the compressed gas storage is used. This results in a significant energy savings.
  • the first quotient is greater than the planned life, i.
  • Gas is conveyed from the compressed gas storage in the gas tank after a certain time, so after a gas amount was pumped into the gas tank, at least a second quotient determined.
  • the second quotient is formed from the gas quantity still to be filled into the gas tank and the available delivery rate.
  • This now available delivery rate may differ from the delivery rate used in determining the first quotient, e.g. because now another compressor is available which can be connected in parallel to another available compressor.
  • the remaining flow rate is reduced so that the gas tank can be filled within the planned service life even with a constant delivery rate available through the compressor.
  • the conveying can be stopped from the gas storage in the gas tank and instead gas from the gas supply network in the gas tank are promoted with the compressor providing the previously determined capacity. This reduces the compression work to be performed by the compressor (s) to convey the gas into the gas tank. In addition, the gas storage can be made a little smaller, which reduces the investment costs.
  • a pressure is set in the compressed gas storage prior to conveying the gas into the gas tank, which is smaller than the target pressure in the gas tank at the predetermined level.
  • the gas tank can therefore not be completely filled.
  • the overflow rate from the gas reservoir into the gas tank falls below a value which is less than a minimum delivery rate, it is preferably conveyed to the gas tank with a compressor either from the compressed gas storage or from the gas supply network until the charge in the gas tank has been conveyed.
  • the overflow rate decreases with decreasing pressure difference, therefore conveying only by overflow at low pressure differences brings no advantage.
  • the energy loss due to the relaxation during overflow conveying at high pressures in the compressed gas storage is greatest.
  • the energy consumption is reduced without significantly increasing the required tank time.
  • the minimum rate of delivery of the available compressor capacity i. the available delivery rate to ⁇ 20%.
  • the maximum delivery rate is the cumulative delivery rate of all the compressors, however, the maximum delivery rate can be divided into different filling lines, so that the currently available delivery rate u.a. depends on the number of delivery points to be supplied at the same time.
  • the gas from the gas storage and / or outlet of the compressor may be conveyed to an inlet of a gas flow meter whose outlet is connected to a first discharge point coupled to the gas tank to deliver the gas into the gas tank.
  • a second gas tank can be coupled to a second discharge point while gas is conveyed into the first gas tank.
  • the delivery of the first gas tank is discontinued and instead the gas is pumped from the outlet of the gas flow meter to the second gas tank via the second delivery location.
  • the termination condition may be, for example, the achievement of a desired pressure in the gas storage or the end of the planned life.
  • This method is particularly advantageous during the long nocturnal service lives of trucks: the investment costs for delivery stations are relatively cheap and can each be assigned to a (night) parking.
  • the expensive compressors and gas flow meters are then connected in turn to a respective delivery station, eg by opening and closing corresponding valves.
  • the driver can keep his night sleep and in the morning the gas tank is filled.
  • the sequence of refueling operations can be carried out, for example, after a "first come first serve" or after other algorithms that take into account, for example, the planned departure time.
  • the ignition is interrupted via a safety switch activated with the clutch in order to prevent the driver from inadvertently forgetting to release the clutch tomorrow and leaving the usual connecting hose.
  • This variant has another advantage: Due to the slow night refueling, the take-off rate to be taken from the gas supply network in the morning and evening rush hours decreases. The price paid by the gas station operator to the gas supplier is determined to a significant degree by the maximum withdrawal rate. Currently lorries in long-haul transport are usually filled up with diesel in the morning or in the evening. In the corresponding rush hours, therefore, it comes at the gas stations to appropriate waiting times and although a refueling with the currently used in Central Europe diesel just minutes needed. A conversion of the truck fleet to gas engines powered by natural gas will result in a similar situation for the gas dispensers as for the diesel fuel dispensers. but only if the natural gas filling stations are designed for correspondingly short filling times.
  • the gas and electricity costs for the gas station operator with the maximum of the natural gas network withdrawn flow rate increase, the accumulated flow rate is reduced to the maximum of the gas network per unit time extracted gas volume (ie, by the maximum of withdrawn from the gas network) below a withdrawal target value. Due to the larger refueling time available, the gas tanks may be replaced at a later time, i. when the rush hour dies down. The cost of natural gas is reduced due to the reduction of the maximum withdrawal rate.
  • the corresponding gas filling station is connected to a gas supply network.
  • a transfer point of the gas is usually provided by the gas supplier who uses the gas supply network.
  • the gas station is therefore connected at the transfer point to the gas supply network.
  • At the transfer point is usually also the detection of the gas network withdrawn amount and thus the withdrawal rate.
  • the transfer point is often referred to as a transfer station.
  • At the transfer station can also be a filtering, drying and / or odorization of the withdrawn gas.
  • the transfer station then feeds at least one, in practice preferably at least two compressors, for example at least one reciprocating compressor.
  • the compressor is therefore preferably connected on the input side via at least one valve to the transfer station.
  • the gas filling station has at least one compressed gas storage, which is connected via a first switching valve to the outlet of the compressor and at least one delivery point.
  • the delivery point has at least one inlet and one outlet which is designed as a coupling for connecting the delivery point to a filler neck of a gas tank of a motor vehicle.
  • the inlet of the delivery point is connected via a second switching valve to the gas storage and connected via the third switching valve to the outlet of the compressor.
  • the position of the switching valves is preferably monitored and changed by a controller, which is the method described above
  • the gas filling station according to claim preferably has at least one controller with input means for detecting the planned service life of a motor vehicle to be refueled, the controller opening the second or the third valve as a function of the planned service life.
  • the gas filling station has a first gas flow meter for detecting the amount of gas flowing to the discharge point, wherein the first gas flow meter is connected on the input side to the outlet of the second and / or the third valve.
  • the first gas flow meter is connected to at least two delivery points connected in parallel, and each of the delivery points has at least one delivery valve for controlling the delivery of gas via the clutch to a gas tank of a motor vehicle.
  • the controller controls the position of the dispensing valves such that at any time the outlet communicates at most one delivery point with the outlet of the first gas flow meter.
  • FIG. 1 shows a simplified flowchart of a gas filling station (gas station).
  • the gas station is connected by means of a transfer station 20 to a gas supply network 10 (short gas network 10) of a gas supplier (the lines are indicated by connecting lines 11, 21).
  • a gas supply network 10 short gas network 10
  • the transfer station 2 the actual withdrawal rate taken from the gas supply network 3 and the cumulative withdrawn gas quantity are usually detected.
  • These data are recorded via a modular controller 91, 92 here and can, for example, via Dial-up module 90 are transmitted to the gas supplier.
  • the controller also preferably communicates with a billing system 93.
  • the transfer station 20 is connected to at least one compressor 30a, 30b.
  • compressors 30a, 30b are shown by way of example, but only one or a larger number are possible. The number of compressors can also be subsequently adapted to a growing demand.
  • the compressors 30a, 30b can each be connected via valves 43a, 43b to a compressed gas storage 40 (gas storage 40 for short).
  • the gas reservoir 40 has three indicated pressure vessel (the number can be adapted to the requirements, at least one is provided), which can be filled separately via corresponding valves (not shown).
  • the compressors 30a, 30b can be connected individually or in parallel with the gas reservoir 30.
  • the position of the valves is controlled by the control 91, 92, which is indicated by arrows or dotted lines.
  • the compressors can be connected via respective valves 42a, 42b, 51 with gas meters 52.
  • a compressor 30a, 30b can be connected to exactly one gas flow meter 52.
  • a plurality of compressors 30a, 30b can be connected on the output side via an overflow line with a gas flow meter 35, depending on the desired flow direction, the valve 58a or 58b to open or close accordingly (note the optional check valves 57).
  • the gas flow meter 35 can also be connected via valves 44a, 44b to the gas reservoir 40, so that it feeds the gas flow meter 35. If the valves 42a, 42b are closed, feeds Where the term parallel connection analogous to electrical engineering is to be understood, ie the inputs of two or more components are connected via corresponding lines to the output of another device, which of course be arranged in the lines switching elements such as valves can.
  • two gas flow meter 52 are shown by way of example. Of course, at least one gas flow meter 52 suffices, with a larger number being advantageous.
  • the number of gas flow meter 52 as well as the number of compressors 30a, 30b can also be subsequently adapted to an increased demand.
  • each of the delivery points is connected via valves 53 with the corresponding gas flow meter 52 and accordingly also to be separated from this.
  • the delivery point has a hose 82 with a coupling 83 for connecting the gas station with a gas tank 88 of a motor vehicle.
  • the components of the gas station such as the valves, the gas flow meter, the compressors, etc. are preferably at least partially connected to and controlled by a control unit 91, 92 (indicated by arrows 30).
  • a vehicle can deliver a planned service life to the controllers 91, 92.
  • the controller detects the level of the corresponding gas tank 88, either by a pressure difference measurement when changing the amount of gas in the gas tank 88 after coupling the gas tank and / or via a data exchange with the vehicle control.
  • the controller determines the available delivery rate of the compressors 30a, 30b. For example, when the gas reservoir 40 is filled is and otherwise no vehicle must be refueled, then the two compressors 30a, 30b output side by appropriate circuit of the valves 42a, 42b and 58a, 58b are connected to the corresponding tank 88.
  • the delivery rate is then the cumulative delivery rate of the two compressors 30a, 30b.
  • On the basis of the delivery rate can be estimated whether the planned life is sufficient to fill the gas tank 88 to a predetermined target level. If the service life is sufficient, ie if the delivery time is shorter than the planned service life, then the gas from the gas network 10 is conveyed into the gas tank 88 at a previously determined delivery rate by means of the compressors 30a, 30b. If the planned service life is shorter than the delivery time, then the gas tank 88 is connected to the gas reservoir 40 via the valves 44a, 44b. As a result, the gas can be conveyed very quickly into the gas tank 88 by simply overflowing.
  • the gas tank 88 does not have to be completely filled from the gas reservoir 40. To check this, it is checked after a predetermined period of time whether the remaining available standing time is sufficient to fill the gas tank 88 by means of the delivery rate provided by the compressors 30a, 30b. For this purpose, for example, a second quotient of remaining filling quantity and the now available delivery rate can be formed and the result compared with the remaining service life. If the remaining service life is sufficient, the gas reservoir 40 is separated from the tank 88 by closing the corresponding valve 44a or 44b, and instead at least one compressor is connected to the gas tank 88 by opening the corresponding valves 42a, 42b and optionally 58a, 58b.
  • a plurality of gas tanks 88 can be successively filled without a vehicle having to leave the parking space corresponding to the corresponding delivery point 56 immediately after refueling. The vehicles can therefore be fueled during longer breaks, eg at night.
  • FIG. 2 another gas filling station is shown. This is largely identical to the one in Fig. 1 illustrated gas station.
  • the description of FIG. 1 therefore, as far as the two drawings agree on the FIG. 2 to be read.
  • the compressed gas reservoir 40 is preferably provided larger, which is indicated in the drawing.
  • the compressed gas storage can be filled outside the rush hours by means of the compressors 30a, 30b. In peak times, we then used the compressed gas storage to the gas tanks 88 very quickly at least to fill.
  • appropriate lines and valves 51, 52 can be separated from the corresponding gas tank 88 upon reaching a first target pressure of the pressure accumulator and instead be connected to one or more compressors 30a, 30b, which then fill the pressure tank up to a second target pressure.
  • FIG. 3 another gas station is shown, which is largely identical to the gas station in Fig. 2 However, this has been supplemented by a further compressor 30 which is arranged parallel to the compressors 30a, 30b. Unlike illustrated, the compressor 30 may preferably be connected to the gas reservoir 40 via a valve. Merely for reasons of clarity, the optional connecting lines between the compressor 30 and the gas flow meters 52 are not shown. Incidentally, the description of the Fig. 2 also on the Fig. 3 to be read.
  • the in the FIGS. 1 to 3 The filling stations shown have two Haupt Stahlllstrfite which are assigned to the filling lines A or B substantially. Of course, further filling lines C, D, .... can be added as needed.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Procédé pour la commande d'une station-service de gaz destinée à fournir du gaz comprimé à des véhicules, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte au moins les étapes suivantes :
    - interrogation d'un temps d'arrêt prévu d'au moins un véhicule arrivant à la station-service et possédant au moins un réservoir de gaz (88) à partir duquel un moteur de propulsion du véhicule est alimenté et qui doit être rempli à la station-service ;
    - détermination de la quantité de remplissage nécessaire pour remplir le réservoir de gaz (88) jusqu'à une quantité de remplissage prédéterminée ;
    - détermination du débit disponible pour remplir le réservoir de gaz que peut délivrer au moins un compresseur (30, 30a, 30b) en communication avec un réseau d'alimentation en gaz (10) du côté de son entrée ;
    - détermination d'un premier quotient de la quantité de remplissage et du débit ;
    - acheminement du gaz du réseau d'alimentation en gaz (10) au réservoir de gaz (88) avec le compresseur (30, 30a, 32b) délivrant le débit déterminé précédemment si le premier quotient est inférieur au temps d'arrêt prévu, et
    - acheminement du gaz d'une réserve de gaz (40), dans laquelle la pression est plus élevée que dans le réseau d'alimentation en gaz, au réservoir de gaz (80) si le premier quotient est supérieur au temps d'arrêt prévu.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que dans le cas où le premier quotient est supérieur au temps d'arrêt prévu, au moins un deuxième quotient est déterminé après qu'une quantité de gaz a été amenée dans le réservoir de gaz (88), le deuxième quotient étant formé par la quantité de gaz restant à amener pour remplir le réservoir de gaz (88) et le débit disponible et, si le deuxième quotient est inférieur au temps d'arrêt restant, l'acheminement de la réserve de gaz (40) au réservoir de gaz (88) est stoppé et le gaz est acheminé, au lieu de cela, du réseau d'alimentation en gaz (10) au réservoir de gaz (88) avec le compresseur (30, 30a, 32b) délivrant le débit déterminé précédemment.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que :
    - une pression inférieure à la pression nominale dans le réservoir de gaz (88) au niveau de remplissage spécifié est établie dans la réserve de gaz (40) avant l'acheminement du gaz dans le réservoir de gaz (88)
    - et l'acheminement du gaz de la réserve de gaz (40) au réservoir de gaz (88) est stoppé quand le débit de transfert de la réserve de gaz (40) dans le réservoir de gaz (88) passe en dessous d'une valeur inférieure à un débit minimum.
  4. Procédé selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que le débit minimum correspond au débit disponible du compresseur (30, 30a, 30b) à ±20 % près.
  5. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que le gaz est acheminé de la réserve de gaz (40) et/ou de la sortie du compresseur (30, 30a, 30b) à une entrée d'un débitmètre de gaz (52) dont la sortie est reliée à un premier point de distribution (56) couplé au réservoir de gaz (88).
  6. Procédé selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que
    - un deuxième réservoir de gaz (88) est couplé à un deuxième point de distribution (56) pendant que du gaz est acheminé dans le premier réservoir de gaz (88) et
    - en ce que, lorsqu'une condition d'interruption est remplie, l'acheminement dans le premier réservoir de gaz (88) est interrompu et le gaz est acheminé, au lieu de cela, de la sortie du débitmètre de gaz (52) au deuxième réservoir de gaz (88) via le deuxième point de distribution (56).
  7. Station-service de gaz pour la fourniture de gaz comprimé à des véhicules, comprenant au moins :
    - un poste de transfert (20) relié du côté de l'entrée à un réseau d'alimentation en gaz et alimenté par celui-ci et qui alimente au moins un compresseur (30, 30a, 30b) du côté de la sortie via au moins une conduite d'alimentation (11) ;
    - une réserve de gaz (40) reliée via une première vanne (43a, 43b) à la sortie du compresseur (30, 30a, 30b) ;
    - au moins un point de distribution (56) avec au moins une entrée et une sortie, qui est conçu comme un coupleur (83) pour relier le point de distribution (56) au raccord de réservoir d'un réservoir de gaz (88) d'un véhicule à moteur,
    l'entrée du point de distribution (56) étant reliée via une deuxième vanne de commande (44a, 44b) à la réserve de gaz (40) et par une troisième vanne de commande (42a, 42b) à la sortie du compresseur (30, 30a, 30b),
    caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte au moins une unité de commande (91, 92) avec des moyens d'entrée (90) pour la saisie du temps d'arrêt prévu d'un véhicule à alimenter, l'unité de commande (91, 92) ouvrant la deuxième vanne de commande ou la troisième (44a, 44b ; 42a, 42b) selon le temps d'arrêt prévu.
  8. Station-service de gaz selon la revendication 7, caractérisée en ce que
    - la station-service de gaz possède un premier débitmètre de gaz (52) pour mesurer la quantité de gaz passant par le point de distribution (56) ;
    - le premier débitmètre de gaz (52) est relié du côté de l'entrée à la sortie de la deuxième vanne de commande et/ou de la troisième (44a, 44b ; 42a, 42b) ;
    - le premier débitmètre de gaz (52) est relié du côté de la sortie à au moins deux points de distribution (56) montés en parallèle et chacun des points de distribution (56) présente au moins une vanne de distribution (81) pour réguler la distribution de gaz via le coupleur (88) à un réservoir de gaz d'un véhicule à moteur ;
    - l'unité de commande contrôle la position des vannes de distribution (81) de telle manière qu'à tout moment, la sortie d'un point de distribution (56), au maximum, communique avec la sortie du premier débitmètre de gaz (52).
  9. Station-service de gaz selon l'une des revendications 7 ou 8, caractérisé en ce qu'elle possède une unité de commande (91, 92) pour l'exécution automatisée du procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6.
EP17180764.7A 2016-07-13 2017-07-11 Procédé de ravitaillement en gaz naturel en particulier des véhicules poids lourds Active EP3270033B1 (fr)

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DE102016112843.0A DE102016112843B4 (de) 2016-07-13 2016-07-13 Verfahren zum Betanken von insbesondere Lastkraftfahrzeugen mit Erdgas

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EP3839321B1 (fr) * 2019-12-17 2023-03-29 NGV Autogas Spólka Z Ograniczona Odpowiedzialnoscia Installation de compensation des fluctuations de la demande de gaz dans les réseaux de gaz naturel et le mode de mise en oeuvre de cette compensation

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FR3082277B1 (fr) * 2018-06-07 2021-11-19 Air Liquide Dispositif et un procede de remplissage de reservoir(s) de gaz sous pression
FR3086367B1 (fr) * 2018-09-25 2020-09-11 Air Liquide Dispositif et procede de remplissage de reservoirs de gaz sous pression
CN109506125A (zh) * 2018-12-11 2019-03-22 中国寰球工程有限公司 掺混料仓单元集中布置并采用集成压缩机站输送的系统

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FR2891347B1 (fr) 2005-09-28 2007-11-02 Air Liquide Procede et dispositif de remplissage d'un gaz sous pression dans un reservoir
DE102006047313B4 (de) 2006-10-06 2009-08-20 Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. Vorrichtung zum schnellen Befüllen von Druckgasbehältern
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JP5746962B2 (ja) * 2011-12-20 2015-07-08 株式会社神戸製鋼所 ガス供給方法およびガス供給装置
JP6279340B2 (ja) * 2014-02-14 2018-02-14 株式会社神戸製鋼所 ガス供給装置、水素ステーション及びガス供給方法

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EP3839321B1 (fr) * 2019-12-17 2023-03-29 NGV Autogas Spólka Z Ograniczona Odpowiedzialnoscia Installation de compensation des fluctuations de la demande de gaz dans les réseaux de gaz naturel et le mode de mise en oeuvre de cette compensation

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DE102016112843A1 (de) 2018-01-18
DE102016112843B4 (de) 2018-09-20
ES2739983T3 (es) 2020-02-05

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