EP3268613A1 - Axial impeller and fan having such an axial impeller - Google Patents
Axial impeller and fan having such an axial impellerInfo
- Publication number
- EP3268613A1 EP3268613A1 EP16707469.9A EP16707469A EP3268613A1 EP 3268613 A1 EP3268613 A1 EP 3268613A1 EP 16707469 A EP16707469 A EP 16707469A EP 3268613 A1 EP3268613 A1 EP 3268613A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- blade
- ratio
- hub
- angle
- hub ratio
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 244000037459 secondary consumers Species 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- MJUVRTYWUMPBTR-MRXNPFEDSA-N 1-(2,2-difluoro-1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-n-[1-[(2r)-2,3-dihydroxypropyl]-6-fluoro-2-(1-hydroxy-2-methylpropan-2-yl)indol-5-yl]cyclopropane-1-carboxamide Chemical compound FC=1C=C2N(C[C@@H](O)CO)C(C(C)(CO)C)=CC2=CC=1NC(=O)C1(C=2C=C3OC(F)(F)OC3=CC=2)CC1 MJUVRTYWUMPBTR-MRXNPFEDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 for example Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010408 sweeping Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/26—Rotors specially for elastic fluids
- F04D29/32—Rotors specially for elastic fluids for axial flow pumps
- F04D29/38—Blades
- F04D29/384—Blades characterised by form
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D19/00—Axial-flow pumps
- F04D19/002—Axial flow fans
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01P5/00—Pumping cooling-air or liquid coolants
- F01P5/02—Pumping cooling-air; Arrangements of cooling-air pumps, e.g. fans or blowers
- F01P5/06—Guiding or ducting air to, or from, ducted fans
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2240/00—Components
- F05D2240/20—Rotors
- F05D2240/30—Characteristics of rotor blades, i.e. of any element transforming dynamic fluid energy to or from rotational energy and being attached to a rotor
- F05D2240/303—Characteristics of rotor blades, i.e. of any element transforming dynamic fluid energy to or from rotational energy and being attached to a rotor related to the leading edge of a rotor blade
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2240/00—Components
- F05D2240/20—Rotors
- F05D2240/30—Characteristics of rotor blades, i.e. of any element transforming dynamic fluid energy to or from rotational energy and being attached to a rotor
- F05D2240/304—Characteristics of rotor blades, i.e. of any element transforming dynamic fluid energy to or from rotational energy and being attached to a rotor related to the trailing edge of a rotor blade
Definitions
- the invention relates to a Axiallaufrad with a hub and a blading for a fan or fan and an axial fan with such Axiallaufrad.
- Axial fans or fans have an impeller with a hub and a blading of the hub with a plurality of individual blades.
- the axis of rotation of the hub runs parallel to the air flow.
- a single blade extends from its attachment to the hub, the blade root, to its blade tip along a longitudinal axis.
- planar sections perpendicular to a radial beam are viewed through the axis of rotation of the hub at the corresponding radius.
- the individual sections each form a profile of the blade.
- the various profiles of such a blade can be the same along the blade longitudinal axis, but they can also be designed to be variable. The course of such profiles is described along a so-called Auffädelline. Under the Auffädelline the connecting line of the geometric centroids of all blade sections or profiles is understood.
- the blade profile itself is described by various parameters and terms.
- the leading edge of the profile is referred to as the profile leading edge, the trailing edge as the profile trailing edge.
- a straight-line connection of the profile leading edge and the profile trailing edge forms the profile chord.
- a skeleton line also connects the leading edge of the profile and the trailing edge of the profile and forms the center line of the profile.
- the skeleton line runs through the middle of the profile thickness, ie through the centers of all connections between the top and bottom of the profile perpendicular to the chord.
- a blade entry angle or blade exit angle is understood to mean the angle which a tangent to the skeleton line encloses with a line connecting the profile leading edge or profile trailing edge.
- a tangent is considered at the point where the skeleton line touches the leading edge of the profile.
- a tangent at the point at which the skeleton line touches the trailing edge of the profile is considered for the bucket exit angle.
- the distance of the contact points of the skeleton line with the profile front edge and the skeleton line with the profile trailing edge or the length of the above-mentioned chord profile is referred to herein as the profile length.
- a hub ratio is understood as meaning the quotient of the outer hub diameter-that is, the minimum radius of a blade section-and the diameter at which a blade section of the blade is currently being considered.
- a thickness ratio is understood to mean the ratio of the maximum profile thickness and the profile length.
- a division ratio is understood to mean the distance between the profile trailing edges of the profiles of adjacent blades. It is an object of the invention to provide an impeller for an axial fan or an axial fan with improved efficiency.
- the inventive geometry of the blades of the blading is determined by a profile of a blade inlet angle and / or a blade outlet angle of blade sections.
- the angle profile from a blade root on the hub to a blade tip opposite the blade tip is considered, ie the blade inlet angle and / or blade outlet angle as a function of the hub ratio.
- the blade entry angle is curved to the left depending on the hub ratio and / or the blade exit angle is right-curved above the hub ratio and the blade entry angle ( ⁇ fi) near the blade root is 29 ° ⁇ 3 ° and in the vicinity of the blade tip 14 ° ⁇ 3 ° and / or the blade exit angle (f2> near the blade root is 69 ° ⁇ 3 ° and / or near the blade tip 27 ° ⁇ 3 °.)
- left-curved or right-curved should be understood in the present case that in a function that represents the blade entry angle or blade outlet angle depending on the hub ratio, the second derivative is greater than zero (left curved) or less than zero (right curved). Should the blade entry angle and / or the blade exit angle not be affected by a dif- For example, because the course of the profile leading edge or the trailing edge of the profile are made up of individual straight sections for reasons of production engineering, a compensation polynomial representing the blade entry angle or the bucket exit angle as a function of the hub ratio shall be considered as a function.
- the blade entry angle and / or the blade exit angle of a blade section changes depending on the distance of the blade section from the hub with the mentioned boundary values, in particular following the blade entry angle and / or the blade exit angle no linear dependence. Since a left curvature or a right curvature are present, the blade entry angle or the bucket exit angle change more than with a linear dependence.
- the left-hand or right-hand curvature according to the invention of the blade entry angle and / or the blade exit angle of individual blade sections clearly causes a rotation or distortion of the blade sections along the threading line given a similar change of blade entry angle and blade exit angle. If the change in the blade entry angle and / or the blade exit angle in the course of the longitudinal axis or the threading line of the blade is not equal, the result is also a change in the skeleton line and thus also in the curvature of the blade profile.
- the torsion of the individual blades of the axial impeller according to the invention with an over-linear progression of the blade inlet angle and / or the blade outlet angle results in a change of the flow conditions in the course of the hub or the blade root to the blade tip or a rotor blade located there Housing bill.
- this over-linear twisting with the mentioned boundary values has an unexpected increase in the blade efficiency of the axial impeller or of a fan operating with such an axial impeller or fan up to 70%.
- the blade efficiency r] Sch is defined as
- m Sch is the mass flow through the blade area of the impeller
- Y t is the specific nozzle work
- Y Sch is the specific blade work.
- the blade entry angle first falls to a minimum depending on the hub ratio in at least one second blade entry angle section from the blade root to the blade tip and rises again in the vicinity of the blade tip.
- a preferred embodiment of the invention provides that a thickness ratio of the blading profile is between 0.05 and 0.16 and in particular falls from 0.13 to 0.08 from the blade root to the blade tip. At the same time or alternatively, the pitch ratio may increase from 0.43 to 0.89 from the blade root to the blade tip.
- the blade entry angle is dependent on the hub ratio according to the following table:
- the nonlinear profile of the blade entry angle as a function of the hub ratio shown in this table shows particularly optimized efficiencies.
- the blade outlet angle is dependent on the hub ratio according to the following table: Hub ratio blade exit angle [°]
- said profile of the blade outlet angle in conjunction with the above-mentioned profile of the blade inlet angle, leads to an even further improved efficiency.
- the split ratio is as shown in the following table:
- the change in pitch ratio as a function of hub ratio is also affected by the increase in pitch with increasing radius.
- the object is also achieved by an axial fan with a housing and axial impeller according to the invention, in particular for a motor vehicle.
- a distance at the narrowest point of at most 1 mm, preferably at most 0.6 mm and at the widest point at most 5 mm, preferably at most 3 mm may be provided.
- FIG. 2 shows two sectional views of the blade profile of a blade of FIG. 1;
- Figure 4 is a plan view of an axial impeller according to the invention.
- Figure 5 is a plan view of the impeller of Figure 4 with additionally Pictured optional Nachleitrad.
- FIG. 1 shows, in a partial plan view, an axial impeller 1 according to the invention, which is suitable, for example, for an axial fan.
- the axial impeller 1 has a hub 2 which is rotatably mounted about a rotation axis X.
- a plurality of blades 3 is arranged.
- the blades are straight, ie their Auffädelline (not shown) is a straight line.
- FIG. 1 shows 13 profile sections 301-313. These run perpendicular to a through the rotation axis X extending radial beam R.
- the blades 3 are rigidly mounted on the hub 2 and have a blade root 31 and a blade tip 32.
- the inflow side of the blade 3 is formed by a profile leading edge 33, the outflow side of the blade 3 by a profile trailing edge 34th
- FIG. 2 shows, by way of example, two blade sections 307 of two adjacent blades 3.
- the individual blade section 307 shows the profile of the blade 3.
- the profile has the profile leading edge 33 and the profile trailing edge 34.
- the length of the section between the profile leading edge 33 and profile trailing edge 34 forms the profile length I.
- the distance between two trailing edges 34 represents the pitch t of the blading.
- the perpendicular to the chord 35 extending Distance between the top and bottom of the profile forms the thickness d of a profile.
- the skeleton line 36 runs through the middle of the thickness d.
- the skeleton line 36 is used to determine the blade entry angle and the blade exit angle.
- tangents 38 and 39 are placed in the profile leading edge 33 and in the profile trailing edge.
- the angles which the tangents 38, 39 each include with a straight line connecting the profile leading edges 33 and the trailing trailing edges 34 of two adjacent blades 3 form the blade entry angles ⁇ fi and ⁇ f2, respectively.
- FIG. 3 shows a diagram 100 for illustrating the profile of the blade entry and blade exit angles as well as the pitch and the thickness ratio.
- the hub ratio is plotted. In the present embodiment, the hub ratio varies between 1 and 0.43. The hub ratio is the quotient of the radius of the hub and the radius of the currently considered profile section.
- the angle is plotted for the blade entry angle ⁇ fi and the blade exit angle ⁇ f2.
- the right-hand ordinate 103 is used to represent the division or thickness Ratio.
- the graph 1 10 of the blade entry angle ⁇ fi and the graph 1 1 1 of the blade exit angle ⁇ f2 are shown.
- the graph 1 12 depicts the division ratio, the graph 1 13 the thickness ratio. Between the hub ratio 0.65 and the hub ratio 0.43, the blade inlet angle ⁇ fi passes through a minimum at about 12 °. At the maximum hub ratio of 0.43, the blade entrance angle ⁇ fi is 13.6 °, and at the hub ratio 1, it is 29 °.
- the bucket outlet angle ß f2 shown on the graph 1 1 1, at the hub ratio 1 has its maximum of 69 ° and then drops to 27 ° on the outer circumference at the hub ratio of 0.43, without passing through a minimum in between ..
- FIG. 3 shows that the course of the blade entry and blade exit angles is over-linear.
- the dividing ratio t / 1 determined by the quotient of the pitch t and the profile length I, increases from 0.43 at the dividing ratio 1 to 0.89 at the minimum dividing ratio at the outer diameter.
- the thickness ratio d / l determined by the quotient of the maximum thickness d and the profile length I, drops from 0.13 at the hub ratio 1, i. directly at the hub, at 0.08 at the minimum hub ratio.
- the increase of the split ratio t / 1 accounts for the fact that the pitch t of a single cut increases with increasing distance from the hub to the outside.
- the decrease in the thickness ratio d / l is due to the fact that the profile length I becomes shorter as the blade inlet angle or blade outlet angle changes.
- the graphs 1 10, 1 1 1, 1 12, 1 13 show the gradients according to the above table values.
- FIG. 4 shows the axial impeller 1 of FIG. 1 completely
- FIG. 5 shows a fan 10 with the axial impeller 1 of FIGS. 1 and 4 and a part of a housing 11.
- a motor mount 12 is attached on the housing 1 1.
- the engine mount 12 has an odd number of arms which serve for attachment.
- a small gap is provided between housing 1 1 and axial impeller 1, a small gap is provided. The gap is 0.6 mm at the narrowest point and 3 mm at the widest point.
- Typical sizes for the hub diameter of the present embodiment are 200-650 mm, for example 315 mm.
- Typical outer diameters of the axial impeller 1 are 400-1500 mm, for example 615 mm.
- the minimum hub ratio at the outside diameter is typically in the range of 0.45-0.63.
- aluminum for example, aluminum chill casting, for the production of the axial impeller 1 is provided. But it is also possible to manufacture such a Axiallaufrad 1 in plastic. However, this means a greater effort to achieve the required accuracy.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102015204304.5A DE102015204304A1 (en) | 2015-03-11 | 2015-03-11 | Axial impeller and fan with such axial impeller |
PCT/EP2016/054505 WO2016142255A1 (en) | 2015-03-11 | 2016-03-03 | Axial impeller and fan having such an axial impeller |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3268613A1 true EP3268613A1 (en) | 2018-01-17 |
EP3268613B1 EP3268613B1 (en) | 2022-05-11 |
Family
ID=55451211
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP16707469.9A Active EP3268613B1 (en) | 2015-03-11 | 2016-03-03 | Axial impeller and fan having such an axial impeller |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US10670044B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP3268613B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102015204304A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2016142255A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US10634168B2 (en) * | 2015-10-07 | 2020-04-28 | Mitsubishi Electric Corporation | Blower and air-conditioning apparatus including the same |
CN111043063B (en) | 2018-10-15 | 2021-06-18 | 广东美的白色家电技术创新中心有限公司 | Counter-rotating fan |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB827670A (en) * | 1957-01-23 | 1960-02-10 | Davidson & Co Ltd | Improvements in or relating to rotors for axial flow fans and the like |
EP0913584B1 (en) * | 1992-05-15 | 2005-07-20 | Siemens VDO Automotive Inc. | Axial flow fan |
DE69820853T2 (en) * | 1998-03-23 | 2004-11-18 | Spal S.R.L., Correggio | Axial |
EP1669610A1 (en) | 2004-12-13 | 2006-06-14 | Faz Elektrik Motor Makina Sanayi ve Ticaret A.S. | Axial fan |
-
2015
- 2015-03-11 DE DE102015204304.5A patent/DE102015204304A1/en active Pending
-
2016
- 2016-03-03 WO PCT/EP2016/054505 patent/WO2016142255A1/en active Application Filing
- 2016-03-03 US US15/556,178 patent/US10670044B2/en active Active
- 2016-03-03 EP EP16707469.9A patent/EP3268613B1/en active Active
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP3268613B1 (en) | 2022-05-11 |
US10670044B2 (en) | 2020-06-02 |
WO2016142255A1 (en) | 2016-09-15 |
DE102015204304A1 (en) | 2016-09-15 |
US20180087527A1 (en) | 2018-03-29 |
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