EP3259094A1 - Procédé et dispositif de soudage par friction - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif de soudage par friction

Info

Publication number
EP3259094A1
EP3259094A1 EP16708090.2A EP16708090A EP3259094A1 EP 3259094 A1 EP3259094 A1 EP 3259094A1 EP 16708090 A EP16708090 A EP 16708090A EP 3259094 A1 EP3259094 A1 EP 3259094A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
friction
workpieces
phase
friction welding
during
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP16708090.2A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Manfred Menzinger
Stefan Ohm
Andreas Klett
Walter Weh
Erwin VÖTTERL
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
KUKA Deutschland GmbH
Original Assignee
KUKA Industries GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by KUKA Industries GmbH filed Critical KUKA Industries GmbH
Publication of EP3259094A1 publication Critical patent/EP3259094A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/22—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded
    • B23K20/227—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded with ferrous layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
    • B23K20/121—Control circuits therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
    • B23K20/129—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding specially adapted for particular articles or workpieces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
    • B23K2101/04—Tubular or hollow articles
    • B23K2101/06—Tubes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/02—Iron or ferrous alloys
    • B23K2103/04—Steel or steel alloys
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/02—Iron or ferrous alloys
    • B23K2103/06—Cast-iron alloys
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/18—Dissimilar materials

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and apparatus for friction welding of workpieces having the features in the preamble of the process and
  • Such methods and devices for friction welding are known in practice. They are used for workpieces with relatively small diameters. In the friction phase, a constant friction pressure is used.
  • the invention solves this problem with the features in the method and device main claim.
  • a basic aspect of the invention provides that the
  • the pressing device of the friction welding device can be controlled accordingly.
  • the pressure range with the increase of initially about 5 N / mm 2 to 80 N / mm 2 is particularly favorable.
  • the features in the subclaims may relate to said basic aspect. They have particular advantages in connection with the specified pressure ranges, whereby they can also be used for other pressure ranges and thus combined.
  • Device for friction welding have the advantage that by changing and increasing the friction pressure during the friction phase, the heat conditions and heat influences in the process can be additionally and better controlled and optimized.
  • the heat input and the temperature profile close to the contact and
  • Cooling speed can be positively influenced.
  • Cooling rate such hardening and dynamic strength problems can be avoided or at least substantially reduced.
  • the friction pressure increase can be attributed to the heating and cooling properties of the
  • Carbon content is beneficial.
  • a Reibffyerhöhung can be done stepwise or staircase-like.
  • wave-like pressure fluctuations during the Reibdruckerhöhung are possible. It has also been found to be favorable when the friction pressure is changed and increased during most or all of the friction phase. In particular, from an initially low pressure level out of the
  • the claimed Reibsch bulktechnik has other advantages. In particular, it allows the friction welding of
  • the workpieces may have a frictional diameter of 200 mm or more, preferably 500-650 mm.
  • the workpieces may, during the rubbing phase (R) at the point of contact, e.g. with a
  • Peripheral speed of 5 m / sec or more, preferably 12-17 m / sec, are rotated relative to each other.
  • the friction pressure (p) and the drive speed can be adjusted and adjusted accordingly during the duration of the friction phase (R).
  • the low initial pressure causes the still rigid contacting
  • the workpieces are advantageously designed as tubes or have at least one tubular section in the region of the friction-welded connection.
  • Friction welding machine can start.
  • the friction welding pressure can then be gradually increased, the
  • connection area is a preferably slow Reibdruckanmaschinent and a high peripheral speed only a narrow contact and Liquefied connection area, whereby also melted material particles can be ejected. This is a heat loss and a homogenization of workpiece heating and a reduction of the
  • the friction welding device may have a control, with the implementation of the claimed method, a pressing device and a rotating device of the
  • Friction welding device are driven accordingly.
  • the controller can be programmable and can
  • a friction welding program in particular, include a friction welding program.
  • a technology database may be associated with which the friction welding parameters for a wide variety of
  • Reibsch usage screwmessern are formed as tubes. They are fastened in a workpiece holder in a suitable manner, in particular by means of a clamping device. For the transmission of high torque large radial clamping pressures are required, which load the workpiece.
  • the claimed arrangement of a support device supports these clamping pressures and avoids deformations of the workpiece.
  • the claimed Reibsch bulktechnik is especially for a rotating and circumferential relative movement of the workpieces of advantage. It can alternatively be used with appropriate adaptation in other friction welding techniques and kinematics of relative movement, in which, for example, the
  • Relative movement is oscillating and / or a linear component of motion and / or a pendulum motion or the like is present. in the subclaims are further advantageous
  • Figure 2 a diagram for the speed
  • Figure 3 a diagram for the speed
  • the invention relates to a method and a device (1) for the friction welding of workpieces (2, 3).
  • the workpieces (2, 3) can be of any type and size and can be made of any kind suitable for friction welding
  • the workpieces are designed as tubes or have at least one tubular section in the region of the friction-welded connection.
  • the workpieces (2,3) made of metal.
  • they are made of steel with a higher carbon content, which tends to harden at a higher cooling rate.
  • the workpieces (2, 3) can consist of the same or a different material.
  • Melting temperature and the thermal conductivity may be present.
  • the workpieces (2,3) have a very large effective diameter at the contact and connection point (4). This diameter is 200 mm or more.
  • the contact and connection point (4) This diameter is 200 mm or more.
  • Diameter over 350 mm more preferably in the range between 500 mm and 650 mm.
  • the workpieces (2, 3) to be joined are moved axially against one another along a central process axis (8) and pressed against them
  • Process axis (8) relative to each other and rotated circumferentially.
  • the workpieces (2, 3) are pressed axially against one another at the contact and connection point (4) with a certain friction pressure (p). Due to the frictional resistance, heat in the contact and
  • the workpieces (2, 3) are axially distanced, whereby the rotational movement of the one workpiece (2) starts. Then the workpieces (2,3) are axially approximated and brought into touching contact during feed, wherein by the axial pressure force (F) at the peripheral contact and connection region (4) a
  • Friction pressure (p) is applied.
  • a flying start of the feed takes place in the already rotating workpiece (2).
  • the beginning of the pressure increase with workpiece contact signals the actual position to
  • the zero position is for the control of the
  • the workpieces (2, 3) can first be brought into touching contact without relative rotation in order to detect the said zero position and the actual position via the increase in pressure. Then they are again distanced a piece, the relative rotation starts and at the same time the axial feed takes place. In both variants, the target speed (n) is reached when touched.
  • the friction phase (R) starts in which the workpiece edges at the contact and connection area (4) under the friction pressure (p) are plasticized by the heat and optionally a
  • FIG. 3 shows a diagram of the course of the friction pressure (p) and of the rotational speed (n) according to the known prior art in an application for large diameters and conventional friction
  • Peripheral speeds of about 3 m / sec. with a correspondingly dimensioned friction welding device The friction pressure (p) is already very high at the beginning of the friction phase (R) and remains constant during the friction phase.
  • a conventional pressure value is for example about 80 N / mm 2 .
  • the nominal or rated speed (n) is also constant after a start phase and is approx. 100 rpm.
  • Such a friction welding method with the conventional welding parameters (p, n) requires a very strong rotary drive and an oversized
  • the friction-effective diameter of the workpieces (2,3) is 560 mm.
  • the friction pressure (p) is significantly lower than in the prior art. It is for example at about 5 N / mm 2 . It initially stays at this low level for a certain amount of time and then ramps up and linearly up to a friction pressure of eg 80 N / mm 2 at the end of the friction phase (R).
  • the offset or the time delay up to the beginning of the pressure increase can with the start phase to
  • Friction pressure (p). At the end of the friction phase (R), the friction pressure is approximately the same as in the prior art according to FIG. 3.
  • Friction welding also the rated speed (s) of the
  • Rotary drive (6) higher than in the prior art of Figure 3. It is about 500 U / min. After completion of the start phase, it also remains constant until the end of the friction phase (R) and then preferably abruptly
  • the target ⁇ or rated speed (n) at the contact and connection area (4) has a peripheral speed of about 14.4 m / sec. It is much higher than in the prior art, where it is about 1 to 5 m / sec.
  • the friction pressure (p) is increased in a range between about 4 N / mm 2 and 100 N / mm 2 in the friction phase.
  • the friction pressure (p) is preferably continuously or continuously changed and increased.
  • the pressure increase can also be in a non-linear curve function
  • Connection area (4) vary. They are preferably at or above 5 m / sec. A range between 12 and 17 m / sec is preferred.
  • the specified speed (n) can be
  • two workpieces (2,3) are friction welded.
  • double-head friction welding machines are possible in which three or more workpieces are friction-welded together in one process.
  • the rotating device (6) has in the shown
  • a drive motor which rotates the arranged on a spindle workpiece holder (10) to the process axis (8).
  • This can be a direct drive or an intermediate gear drive.
  • the rotating device (6) may further comprise a braking device.
  • the rotary drive can be designed as a flywheel drive, in which the drive motor sets a flywheel in rotation about the process axis (8), which then in
  • Friction welding process brings the required kinetic energy.
  • the drive motor is in different
  • Embodiments preferably designed as a controllable and possibly adjustable electric motor. He can as
  • the pressing device (7) ensures the axial approach of the workpieces (2, 3) over the path (s) and the pressing force or friction force (F) acting thereby.
  • Pressing device (7) can be designed and arranged in any suitable manner for this purpose. It can generate axial tensile or compressive forces. In the illustrated and preferred embodiment, it is designed as a feed device (14). This has a feed drive (15) for the advance of the feed device (14).
  • the feed drive is e.g. designed as a hydraulic cylinder. Alternatively, as another linear drive, in particular as an electric spindle drive or the like. be educated.
  • the feed drive (15) is controllable and also controllable in conjunction with a suitable force and / or wegetzmden sensor.
  • the e.g. stationary on the frame (5) arranged and supported feed drive (15) by means of a rod-like feed member on an axially movable on the frame (5) mounted bracket (16).
  • the workpiece holder (11) is fixedly or releasably attached to the holder (16).
  • the workpiece holders (10,11) can in any order
  • Embodiments they are equipped with a clamping device (12), which respectively clamps the workpiece (2,3) radially from the outside or inside.
  • the clamping device (12) which respectively clamps the workpiece (2,3) radially from the outside or inside.
  • Clamping device (12) may e.g. have a chuck with two or more radially adjustable jaws.
  • a support device (13) can be arranged on a workpiece (2, 3) which opposes and counteracts the clamping device (12), wherein it supports the clamping forces and the workpiece (2, 3).
  • the support means (13) is e.g. arranged in the rotating workpiece (2), but can also be located on both or all workpieces (2,3). It can through the cavity of the workpiece (2,3) with the respective
  • the friction welding device (1) has a preferably programmable logic controller (9) which is connected to the various machine components,
  • the controller (9) controls the friction welding device (1) and its components in a corresponding manner to
  • Embodiments and variants are arbitrarily combined with each other and possibly also reversed.
  • Double-head friction welding devices are
  • one of the pressing device (7) advanced support (16) include a rotary drive (6), wherein between the rotating workpieces one or more further and preferably relatively non-rotatably held workpieces are arranged.
  • Pressing device (7) can also axially with both sides be connected to movable machine heads and move them axially and against each other and against a central support for a third or more workpieces.
  • a pressing device (7) can also be modified from FIG. 1 in a single-head friction welding machine
  • a feed device (14) are formed by cylinder with Gehauseanitati on this axially movable machine head or headstock.
  • the friction welding device (1) can in particular also be designed as a double single-head friction welding machine which has a common central and stationary support device or holder (16) with workpiece holders (11) on both sides and a mirror-image arrangement of
  • a pressing device (7) can in this and in other embodiments on the stationary or axial shown in Figure 1

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)

Abstract

Dispositif et procédé de soudage par friction de pièces (2, 3) qui sont rendues plastiques et sont soudées par contact de friction lors d'une phase de friction (R), avec une pression de friction (p), par rotation relative autour d'un axe de traitement (8) grâce à la chaleur de friction. La pression de friction (p) exercée par l'avance axiale d'une pièce (3) est modifiée de préférence par une augmentation de type rampe pendant la durée de la phase de friction (R).
EP16708090.2A 2015-02-19 2016-02-17 Procédé et dispositif de soudage par friction Withdrawn EP3259094A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102015102353.9A DE102015102353A1 (de) 2015-02-19 2015-02-19 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Reibschweißen
PCT/EP2016/053339 WO2016131857A1 (fr) 2015-02-19 2016-02-17 Procédé et dispositif de soudage par friction

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3259094A1 true EP3259094A1 (fr) 2017-12-27

Family

ID=55456750

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP16708090.2A Withdrawn EP3259094A1 (fr) 2015-02-19 2016-02-17 Procédé et dispositif de soudage par friction

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US20180036834A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP3259094A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN107249808A (fr)
DE (1) DE102015102353A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2016131857A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE202014105432U1 (de) * 2014-11-12 2016-01-25 Kuka Systems Gmbh Pressschweißvorrichtung
CN107695508A (zh) * 2017-10-10 2018-02-16 青海西矿杭萧钢构有限公司 一种钢管束的组装焊接方法
KR20210031465A (ko) * 2018-07-18 2021-03-19 시티즌 도케이 가부시키가이샤 공작 기계
JP7227073B2 (ja) * 2019-05-23 2023-02-21 ファナック株式会社 ワーク回転装置およびロボットシステム
GB201908479D0 (en) 2019-06-13 2019-07-31 Rolls Royce Plc Joining method

Family Cites Families (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP3132602B2 (ja) * 1991-09-28 2001-02-05 大同特殊鋼株式会社 摩擦圧接バルブの製造方法
JP4320074B2 (ja) * 1999-01-20 2009-08-26 株式会社豊田自動織機 摩擦圧接方法
DE29905633U1 (de) * 1999-03-31 2000-08-10 Kuka Schweissanlagen Gmbh Bauteilvorbereitung für eine Reibschweißverbindung
DE29922424U1 (de) * 1999-12-21 2001-05-03 Kuka Schweissanlagen Gmbh Reibschweißvorrichtung
DE10345042B3 (de) * 2003-09-27 2004-12-23 Göttling, Armin Reibschweißvorrichtung
DE102004062491A1 (de) * 2004-12-24 2006-03-23 Daimlerchrysler Ag Reibschweißteil und Reibschweißverfahren
AT503471B1 (de) * 2006-03-21 2008-06-15 Evg Entwicklung Verwert Ges Verfahren und vorrichtung zum verbinden von metallischen elementen nach der reibschweissmethode
ATE488321T1 (de) * 2007-01-17 2010-12-15 Fischer Georg Automobilguss Reibschweissverfahren
JP5290779B2 (ja) * 2008-03-05 2013-09-18 株式会社豊田自動織機 摩擦圧接方法
CN102806420B (zh) * 2012-08-09 2014-10-29 哈尔滨工业大学 一种提高薄壁管摩擦焊接头强度的加工方法
DE202012103219U1 (de) * 2012-08-24 2013-12-02 Kuka Systems Gmbh Pressschweißvorrichtung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN107249808A (zh) 2017-10-13
DE102015102353A1 (de) 2016-08-25
WO2016131857A1 (fr) 2016-08-25
US20180036834A1 (en) 2018-02-08

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