EP3257095A1 - Pile a cathode liquide specifique pouvant fonctionner a hautes temperatures - Google Patents
Pile a cathode liquide specifique pouvant fonctionner a hautes temperaturesInfo
- Publication number
- EP3257095A1 EP3257095A1 EP16703801.7A EP16703801A EP3257095A1 EP 3257095 A1 EP3257095 A1 EP 3257095A1 EP 16703801 A EP16703801 A EP 16703801A EP 3257095 A1 EP3257095 A1 EP 3257095A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- liquid cathode
- salt
- solvent
- sulfur
- battery
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/368—Liquid depolarisers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/38—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of elements or alloys
- H01M4/381—Alkaline or alkaline earth metals elements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/054—Accumulators with insertion or intercalation of metals other than lithium, e.g. with magnesium or aluminium
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
- H01M10/0567—Liquid materials characterised by the additives
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
- H01M10/0568—Liquid materials characterised by the solutes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
- H01M10/0569—Liquid materials characterised by the solvents
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/058—Construction or manufacture
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
- H01M4/582—Halogenides
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
- H01M4/624—Electric conductive fillers
- H01M4/625—Carbon or graphite
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
- H01M4/66—Selection of materials
- H01M4/663—Selection of materials containing carbon or carbonaceous materials as conductive part, e.g. graphite, carbon fibres
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
- H01M4/70—Carriers or collectors characterised by shape or form
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M6/00—Primary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M6/14—Cells with non-aqueous electrolyte
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M6/00—Primary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M6/14—Cells with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M6/18—Cells with non-aqueous electrolyte with solid electrolyte
- H01M6/20—Cells with non-aqueous electrolyte with solid electrolyte working at high temperature
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M2004/021—Physical characteristics, e.g. porosity, surface area
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
- H01M2300/002—Inorganic electrolyte
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
- H01M2300/0025—Organic electrolyte
- H01M2300/0028—Organic electrolyte characterised by the solvent
- H01M2300/0031—Chlorinated solvents
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a specific liquid cathode cell and, more specifically, to a liquid cathode and calcium anode cell operable over a wide range of temperatures and, especially, extended temperature ranges, for example, ranging from from -40 ° C to +300 ° C and, more specifically, from -40 ° C to +250 ° C.
- the present invention can find application in all fields requiring the production of electrical energy, in contexts where the temperature differences can be high but also in contexts where the temperature is particularly high, as is the case with drilling or monitoring wells production or geothermal, the batteries being, more specifically, used in this area to supply measurement systems.
- the batteries of the invention are based on the technology of liquid cathode batteries, which have the particularity that the active compound used at the cathode also serves as a solvent for the electrolyte, one of the latest models of this type of battery being the lithium-thionyl chloride battery.
- Such a system 1 is conventionally composed, as illustrated in FIG. 1 attached, of the following elements:
- Li Li + + e a positive electrode (or cathode) 5, generally comprising a carbonaceous matrix and, as active material, thionyl chloride, which is reduced according to the following reaction:
- electrolyte 7 placed between said negative electrode and said positive electrode, which electrolyte comprises, as solvent, thionyl chloride, salts and optionally one or more additives,
- the negative electrode and the positive electrode being connected to an external circuit 9, which receives the electric current produced via the aforementioned electrodes.
- discharge By combining the electrochemical reaction with the positive electrode and the electrochemical reaction with the negative electrode, the global reaction (called discharge) can be represented by the following equation:
- the products of the reaction are thus sulfur, partially soluble in the electrolyte, S0 2 gas, which solubilizes in the electrolyte and a lithium chloride salt LiCl, which precipitates in the carbon matrix constituting the positive electrode.
- the electrolyte comprises, in addition to thionyl chloride, lithium salts, such as LiAICU or LiGaCU, to promote the ionic conduction of the electrolyte as well as, optionally, additives to control the formation of the lithium passivation layer and to reduce the self-discharge of the battery.
- lithium salts such as LiAICU or LiGaCU
- the constitutive carbon matrix of the positive electrode serves, as mentioned above, at least in part, a recovery matrix of the reaction products and is composed, generally of a selected carbon material, for example, among the black of acetylene, the carbon fibers, which carbonaceous material is reinforced by a binder, preferably inert, such as polytetrafluoroethylene, which allows the mechanical strength of the electrode.
- a selected carbon material for example, among the black of acetylene, the carbon fibers, which carbonaceous material is reinforced by a binder, preferably inert, such as polytetrafluoroethylene, which allows the mechanical strength of the electrode.
- Li / SOCI 2 batteries have the following advantages: a thermodynamic voltage of 3.64 V per cell based on the free enthalpy variation due to the above-mentioned overall discharge reaction;
- this system also has a certain number of drawbacks, in particular because of the reactivity of lithium metal with the humidity of air or water, to form hydrogen, lithium LiOH with production of heat.
- a passivation layer is formed on the surface of the lithium (this layer comprising LiCl), which can cause a voltage drop during a current draw.
- calcium alloys such as calcium / lithium alloys (with 2% lithium) and calcium / antimony alloys (with 10% antimony), as stated in J.EIectrochem.Soc. (139), 3129-3135, and with, for electrolyte, thionyl chloride containing, as salt, Ca (AlCl 4 ) 2 or Li (AlCl 4 ), but it has not been shown, however, with these batteries, performance at high temperatures.
- the inventors of the present invention have surprisingly found that by using a specific salt in the electrolyte at a specific concentration it is possible to obtain efficient performance at high temperatures and above 200 ° C.
- liquid cathode battery comprising:
- an electrolyte comprising a sulfur and / or phosphorus oxidizing solvent and at least one salt
- a cathode comprising, as active material, a compound identical to the aforementioned oxidizing solvent
- the salt is a strontium salt present at a concentration of 1.15 mol.L 1 to 3 mol.L 1 .
- cathode is meant conventionally, in what precedes and what follows, the electrode which is the seat of a reduction reaction, in this case, here the reduction of the liquid cathode, when the battery delivers current, that is to say when it is in the process of discharge.
- the cathode can also be described as a positive electrode.
- anode is meant conventionally, in what precedes and what follows, the electrode which is the seat of an oxidation reaction, when the accumulator delivers current, that is to say when is in the process of discharge.
- the anode can also be described as a negative electrode.
- active material is meant, conventionally, in the foregoing and the following, the material which is directly involved in the reduction reaction taking place at the cathode.
- the cathode it conventionally comprises a porous matrix, for example a porous matrix made of a carbonaceous material, which makes it possible to receive the active material of the electrode and which can also make it possible to recover the reaction products of the electrode. the battery.
- a porous matrix for example a porous matrix made of a carbonaceous material, which makes it possible to receive the active material of the electrode and which can also make it possible to recover the reaction products of the electrode. the battery.
- the porous matrix may be of a carbon material selected from carbon blacks, acetylene blacks, graphite, carbon fibers, and mixtures thereof.
- a polymeric binder for example, polytetrafluoroethylene
- the porous matrix may be associated with a current-collecting substrate, which substrate may be of a metallic material (consisting of a single metal element or an alloy of a metal element with another element), for example , in the form of a plate, a strip or a grid, a specific example of a current collector substrate may be a nickel grid.
- a current-collecting substrate which substrate may be of a metallic material (consisting of a single metal element or an alloy of a metal element with another element), for example , in the form of a plate, a strip or a grid, a specific example of a current collector substrate may be a nickel grid.
- the anode is, in turn, a calcium anode (that is to say an anode exclusively composed of calcium).
- Calcium has the advantage of having a high melting point (of the order of 842 ° C.).
- calcium has a volume capacity of 2.06 Ah / cm 3 equal to that of lithium. This allows, for equal volume, to introduce the same calcium capacity in a stack.
- the electrolyte comprises a sulfur and / or phosphorus oxidizing solvent and at least one strontium salt included in the electrolyte at a concentration ranging from 1.15 mol.L 1 to 3 mol.L 1 , this sulfur and / or phosphorus oxidizing solvent also constituting the active material of the cathode.
- the oxidizing solvent can be:
- a sulfur-containing solvent comprising one or more chlorine atoms, such as a solvent chosen from thionyl chloride (SOCI 2 ), sulfuryl chloride (SO 2 Cl 2), disulfur dichloride (S 2 Cl 2 ), sulfur dichloride ( SCI2);
- SOCI 2 thionyl chloride
- SO 2 Cl 2 sulfuryl chloride
- S 2 Cl 2 disulfur dichloride
- SCI2 sulfur dichloride
- a non-chlorinated sulfur solvent such as sulfur dioxide (SO2); or
- a phosphorus and optionally sulfur-containing solvent comprising one or more chlorine atoms, such as phosphoryl trichloride (POCl3) or thiophosphoryl trichloride (PSCI3).
- POCl3 phosphoryl trichloride
- PSCI3 thiophosphoryl trichloride
- the oxidizing solvent is thionyl chloride (SOCI2).
- the strontium salt may be a salt comprising a strontium Sr 2+ cation associated with a halogenated anion (such as fluorine, bromine, chlorine, iodine) based on an element selected from aluminum, gallium, boron, indium, vanadium, silicon, niobium, tantalum, tungsten, bismuth.
- a halogenated anion such as fluorine, bromine, chlorine, iodine
- the halogenated anion is an anion based on chlorine.
- it may be a salt of Sr strontium tetrachloroaluminate (AlCl 4 ) 2.
- the salt present in the electrolyte can result from the reaction of a Lewis acid and a Lewis base, this reaction can take place ex situ, that is to say before introduction into the cell or in in situ, that is, within the cell, when the Lewis acid and the Lewis base are introduced into the cell.
- the strontium salt can be produced by reacting: a Lewis base SrX 2, in which X represents a halogen atom, such as a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, a fluorine atom, an iodine atom; and
- a Lewis acid chosen from an aluminum halide AIX3, a gallium halide GaX3, a boron halide BX3, an indium halide nX3, a vanadium halide VX3, a silicon halide SiX 4 , a halide of niobium halide NbXs, a tantalum halide TaXs, a tungsten halide WX5, a halide of bismuth B1X3, borohydrides, chloroborates and mixtures thereof, X being, as above, a halogen atom such as a bromine atom, a chlorine atom, a fluorine atom and a hydrogen atom; 'iodine.
- a halogen atom such as a bromine atom, a chlorine atom, a fluorine atom and a hydrogen atom
- the Lewis acid is (AlCl 3) or (GaCb).
- strontium salt strontium tetrachloroaluminate
- the strontium salt is present in the electrolyte at a concentration ranging from 1.15 mol.L “1 to 3 mol.L “ 1 .
- the strontium salt may be present at a concentration ranging from 1.325 mol.L 1 to 2 mol.L- 1 .
- the strontium salt may be present at a concentration of 1.15 mol.L “1 , 1.32 mol.L “ 1 , 1.5 mol.L 1 , 2 mol.L 1 or
- the electrolyte may comprise one or more additives chosen, for example, to limit the self-discharge of batteries and landfill corrosion.
- This and these additives may be chosen from hydrofluoric acid (HF), SO 2 , salts such as GaCl 3 , BiCl 3 , BCI 3 , GaCl 3 , InCl 3 , VCI 3 , SiCl 4 , NbCl 5 and TaCl 5 . PCI 5 and WCI 6 .
- HF hydrofluoric acid
- SO 2 sulfur dioxide
- salts such as GaCl 3 , BiCl 3 , BCI 3 , GaCl 3 , InCl 3 , VCI 3 , SiCl 4 , NbCl 5 and TaCl 5 .
- PCI 5 and WCI 6 may be chosen from hydrofluoric acid (HF), SO 2 , salts such as GaCl 3 , BiCl 3 , BCI 3 , GaCl 3 , InCl 3 , VCI 3 , SiCl 4 , NbCl 5 and TaCl 5 .
- This and these additives may be present in a content ranging from 0 to 50% of the concentration of the strontium salt.
- the batteries of the invention can be developed according to different technologies and, in particular, according to two cylindrical battery technologies, which are the so-called concentric electrode structure piles and the so-called spiral electrode structure cells, these cells being able to be of different types. formats (such as formats
- AAA AAA, AA, C, D or DD).
- concentric electrodes For stacks of structure called concentric electrodes, they comprise, conventionally, as illustrated in Figure 2 attached in the appendix:
- the positive electrode placed at the center in the form of a carbon matrix and a support grid, the matrix being intended to receive the catholyte 12, namely the solvent, the electrolyte salt or salts and optionally the additives, the solvent also ensuring the role of active material of the positive electrode and the matrix being also intended to recover the reaction products;
- the negative electrode 13 disposed concentrically with respect to the positive electrode
- a receptacle of the assembly in the form of a bucket 19, which also forms the negative pole of the battery;
- a pin 23 positioned in the upper part of the battery at the glass-to-metal crossing, this pin constituting the positive pole of the battery, this pin being connected to the positive electrode via a positive connection 25.
- the anode generally has a thickness of between 0.3 and 1.5 mm and more specifically between 0.5 and 1 mm and the cathode has, generally, a thickness of between 0 and 3 and 2 mm and, more specifically, between 0.5 and 1.5 mm.
- Nickel connections are generally used to provide current collection. These connections are welded to the bucket for the negative electrode and to the pin of the glass-to-metal bushing for the positive pole.
- the separators must be neutral, insulating and chemically stable in the electrolyte used. They may be fiberglass with thicknesses ranging from 0.1 to 500 ⁇ and, more specifically, between 0.1 and 300 ⁇ .
- the positive electrode and the negative electrode can be reversed with respect to the configuration described above.
- Electrode in which the currents are rather weak.
- the surface of the electrodes and, mainly that of the anode, is smaller which limits the corrosion in discharge.
- spiral electrode structure cells typically comprise two rectangular flat electrodes whose width must be compatible with the height of the bucket and having a length configured so that, once wound on themselves, they constitute a cylinder whose diameter allows its introduction into the bucket for accommodating these electrodes.
- Such a stack is illustrated in Figure 3 attached and includes the following:
- the positive electrode 27 being in the form of a carbon matrix and a support grid, the matrix being intended to receive catholite 28, namely the solvent, the electrolytic salt or salts and optionally the additives, the solvent also ensuring the role of active material of the positive electrode and the matrix is also intended to recover the reaction products;
- a receptacle of the assembly in the form of a bucket 35, which also forms the negative pole of the battery;
- a pin 39 positioned in the upper part of the stack at the glass-to-metal crossing, this pin constituting the positive pole of the battery, this pin being connected to the positive electrode via a positive connection 41.
- the receptacle of the assembly in the form of a bucket is preferably made of steel and seals the battery.
- Exposure of a larger anode surface to thionyl chloride can make these cells more susceptible to corrosion in storage and discharge.
- These cells can, for example, be used in pulsed discharge profiles with large periodic power currents.
- the batteries of the invention find their application in all the fields requiring the production of electrical energy, in contexts where the temperature is high (in particular, temperatures higher than 200 ° C), which is particularly the case, in the exploration and exploitation of oil or in drilling for the use of geothermal energy.
- the batteries of the invention can thus be used for the electrical power supply of measurement systems, which already include electronic components allowing operation at such temperatures.
- Figure 1 is a diagram illustrating the operating principle of a Li / SOC stack.
- Figure 2 is a sectional view of a so-called concentric electrode structure stack according to the invention.
- Figure 3 is a sectional view of a stack of so-called spiral electrode structure according to the invention.
- FIG. 4 is a discharge curve, that is to say a curve illustrating the evolution of the battery voltage U (in mV) as a function of time t (in hours) at constant current (17 mA) and 210 ° C with three batteries comprising an electrolyte according to the invention (curves c, d and e), and with two batteries comprising an electrolyte not according to the invention comprising a salt Sr (AICI 4 ) 2 at 0.8 M and at 1 M (curves a and b).
- AICI 4 salt Sr
- FIG. 5 is a discharge curve, that is to say a curve illustrating the evolution of the battery voltage U (in mV) as a function of time t (in hours) at constant current (17 mA) and 210 ° C with two batteries comprising an electrolyte according to the invention (curves a and b).
- FIG. 6 is an undercurrent discharge curve pulsed at 210 ° C. with the following periodic power taps: 9 sec / 5 mA-1 sec / 60 mA obtained with a battery according to the invention defined in example 1.
- Figure 7 is a constant current discharge curve (4 mA) and at 250 ° C with two batteries comprising an electrolyte according to the invention (curves a and b).
- FIG. 8 is a constant current discharge curve (4 mA) at
- Example 1 20 ° C with a battery according to the invention defined in Example 1.
- FIG. 9 is a constant current discharge curve (17 mA) at
- Example 1 20 ° C with a battery according to the invention defined in Example 1.
- FIG. 10 is a discharge curve illustrating the evolution of the battery voltage U (in mV) as a function of time (in hours) at constant current (17 mA) and at 250 ° C. with a battery comprising an electrolyte according to FIG. the invention as defined in Example 2.
- FIG. 11 is a discharge curve pulsed at 210 ° C. with the following periodic power taps: 9 sec / 5 mA-1 sec / 60 mA with the battery according to the invention defined in example 2.
- the purpose of this example is to demonstrate the performance of the batteries according to the invention in a wide range of temperatures, and especially at high temperatures, and in particular at temperatures above 200 ° C. (and more specifically at 210 ° C. and 250 ° C in this example).
- the tested cells are of so-called concentric electrode structure, as illustrated in FIG. 2 attached in the appendix.
- discharge curves are determined, that is to say curves showing the evolution of the battery voltage U (in mV) as a function of time (in hours) at constant current (17 mA ) and 210 ° C with three batteries comprising an electrolyte according to the invention, namely:
- a battery comprising an electrolyte comprising 1.15 M of Sr (AlCl 4 ) 2 in thionyl chloride (curve c);
- a battery comprising an electrolyte comprising 1.32 M of Sr (AlCl 4 ) 2 in thionyl chloride (curve d); a battery comprising an electrolyte comprising 1.5 M of Sr (AlCl 4 ) 2 (obtained by mixing 1.5 M of SrCl 2 and 3 M of AlCl 3) in thionyl chloride (curve e);
- a battery comprising an electrolyte comprising a Sr (AICI 4 ) 2 salt at 0.8 M in thionyl chloride (curve a);
- a battery comprising an electrolyte comprising 1 M of Sr (AlCl 4 ) 2 in thionyl chloride (curve b).
- the discharge voltage remains greater than 3 V for more than 3 hours and greater than 2.5 V for more than 7 hours from a concentration of 1.15 M and remains greater than 3V for more than 5 hours and greater than 2.5 V for more than 10 hours for a concentration of 1.5 M, whereas, for batteries not in accordance with the invention, there is a very significant decrease the voltage from the first hours and, in particular, a voltage already below 2 V after 4 hours of use for a concentration of 0.8 M and less than 3 V after 2 hours of use for a concentration of 1 M.
- composition of the electrolyte maintains a high voltage and provides a discharge profile at 250 ° C, characteristic of the technology of primary batteries with liquid cathode.
- the purpose of this example is to demonstrate the performance of batteries according to the invention at high temperatures, and in particular at temperatures above 200 ° C (and more specifically at 210 ° C and 250 ° C in this example).
- the tested cells are of so-called spiral electrode structure, as illustrated in FIG. 3 attached in the appendix.
- the discharge curve that is to say the curve illustrating the evolution of the battery voltage U (in mV) as a function of time (in hours) at constant current (17 mA) is determined.
- a battery comprising an electrolyte in accordance with the invention, namely 1.5 M of SrCI 2 and 3 M of AlCl 3 (ie 1.5 M of Sr (AlCl 4 ) 2 ) in thionyl chloride SOCI 2 , this curve being shown in FIG.
- the draw voltage is higher than when using concentric batteries, which validates the use of this type of battery for a pulsed application.
- the surface of the electrodes being larger, the voltages are higher (lower current densities). Spiral electrode batteries are therefore more suitable for applications with a power requirement (ie for strong currents).
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- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Primary Cells (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1551061A FR3032559B1 (fr) | 2015-02-10 | 2015-02-10 | Pile a cathode liquide specifique pouvant fonctionner a hautes temperatures |
PCT/EP2016/052851 WO2016128482A1 (fr) | 2015-02-10 | 2016-02-10 | Pile a cathode liquide specifique pouvant fonctionner a hautes temperatures |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3257095A1 true EP3257095A1 (fr) | 2017-12-20 |
Family
ID=53776679
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP16703801.7A Withdrawn EP3257095A1 (fr) | 2015-02-10 | 2016-02-10 | Pile a cathode liquide specifique pouvant fonctionner a hautes temperatures |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20180026263A1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP3257095A1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR3032559B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2016128482A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP6477661B2 (ja) * | 2016-10-27 | 2019-03-06 | 株式会社豊田中央研究所 | 二次電池 |
FR3059472B1 (fr) * | 2016-11-28 | 2019-05-17 | Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Et Aux Energies Alternatives | Pile a cathode liquide specifique |
FR3071967B1 (fr) * | 2017-09-29 | 2021-04-16 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Pile a cathode liquide a architecture specifique |
FR3071966B1 (fr) * | 2017-09-29 | 2019-11-08 | Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Et Aux Energies Alternatives | Pile a cathode liquide hybride |
CN112331914A (zh) * | 2019-08-05 | 2021-02-05 | 杉杉新材料(衢州)有限公司 | 一种不含碳酸乙烯酯溶剂的锂离子电池非水电解液及电池 |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
IL77786A (en) * | 1986-02-04 | 1990-02-09 | Univ Ramot | Electrochemical cell |
US5705293A (en) | 1997-01-09 | 1998-01-06 | Lockheed Martin Energy Research Corporation | Solid state thin film battery having a high temperature lithium alloy anode |
US7482096B2 (en) * | 2003-06-04 | 2009-01-27 | Polyplus Battery Company | Alleviation of voltage delay in lithium-liquid depolarizer/electrolyte solvent battery cells |
-
2015
- 2015-02-10 FR FR1551061A patent/FR3032559B1/fr active Active
-
2016
- 2016-02-10 US US15/548,162 patent/US20180026263A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2016-02-10 WO PCT/EP2016/052851 patent/WO2016128482A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2016-02-10 EP EP16703801.7A patent/EP3257095A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2016128482A1 (fr) | 2016-08-18 |
US20180026263A1 (en) | 2018-01-25 |
FR3032559B1 (fr) | 2021-03-19 |
FR3032559A1 (fr) | 2016-08-12 |
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