EP3246932B1 - Safety device with a fuse and method for electrically monitoring and signalling the triggering of a safety device, in particular a fuse - Google Patents

Safety device with a fuse and method for electrically monitoring and signalling the triggering of a safety device, in particular a fuse Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3246932B1
EP3246932B1 EP17167918.6A EP17167918A EP3246932B1 EP 3246932 B1 EP3246932 B1 EP 3246932B1 EP 17167918 A EP17167918 A EP 17167918A EP 3246932 B1 EP3246932 B1 EP 3246932B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
spring
release
pivot
signalling
fuse
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
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EP17167918.6A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3246932A1 (en
Inventor
Franz Ness
Jörg Hußmann
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Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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Publication of EP3246932A1 publication Critical patent/EP3246932A1/en
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Publication of EP3246932B1 publication Critical patent/EP3246932B1/en
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02—Details
    • H01H85/30—Means for indicating condition of fuse structurally associated with the fuse
    • H01H85/303—Movable indicating elements
    • H01H85/306—Movable indicating elements acting on an auxiliary switch or contact
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/10—Adaptation for built-in fuses
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H37/00—Thermally-actuated switches
    • H01H37/74—Switches in which only the opening movement or only the closing movement of a contact is effected by heating or cooling
    • H01H37/76—Contact member actuated by melting of fusible material, actuated due to burning of combustible material or due to explosion of explosive material

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a protective device with a fuse and a method for electrical monitoring and signaling the triggering of a protective device, in particular a fuse, according to the preambles of claims 1 and 5.
  • Protective devices with a fuse in the form of a fuse which have a hollow insulating body, are arranged on the opposing and connected by a fusible electrical contacts, are known.
  • a reporting element is led out of the insulating body.
  • the signaling element in the form of a metal hook pulls a reporting spring against the insulating body, so that it is held biased.
  • the message spring is released from the reporting element and the reporting spring strikes a stop element (stop surface).
  • the stop element is arranged at one end of a double lever, which is pivotable about an axis. The pivoting of the double lever by the message spring causes the operation of an auxiliary switch, thereby changing its switching state.
  • the auxiliary switch is thus either open or closed, one of these two switching states signaling the triggering of the fuse.
  • Electronic fuse monitors have the disadvantage that they reduce the surge voltage resistance of the protective device and are also more expensive.
  • the object of the invention is to achieve a protective device with a mechanical fuse monitoring, which has a high reliability. Furthermore, a method for electrical monitoring and signaling the triggering of a protective device, in particular a fuse, proposed.
  • the object is based on the protective device by the features of claim 1 and based on the method by the features of claim 5.
  • the solution provides that a release device with the pivoting element in the form of a pivotable hook, a release spring and a displaceable release element is provided, wherein the hook has a hook shank at one end of a pivot bearing and at the other opposite end bent hook portion is formed, wherein at the free end of the bent hook portion, the stop element in the form of a stop surface and spaced therefrom at the end of the hook shank is arranged a cam which is supported on a support member and the release spring holds under a second bias when the release device is in its release position, and wherein the pivot member releases the release spring when the pivot member pivots to its second position, and that the released release spring displaced the release member together with the pivot member from the holding to a releasing position t and switches the switch in the second switching state.
  • the technical embodiment of the release device is relatively simple, since the release device comprises a pivoting element which is pivotable about an axis of a pivot bearing and at the distance to the pivot bearing a stop element (the stop surface) and a release element are arranged at a distance from the stop element, that the pivoting element can be pivoted from the first stop to a second position of the stop spring abutting the spring element, that the release spring is held by the pivot member under a second bias when the pivot member is in its first position, and released from the pivot member when the pivot member in its second position is that the release element of the released release spring is displaceable from a holding position to a releasing position, that the (auxiliary) switch held by the release member located in its holding position in a first switching state and in a n second switching state is switched when the release element is moved to its releasing position.
  • the protective device is relatively simple in construction, since the pivoting element is a pivotable hook with a hook shank at one end (of the hook shaft), the pivot bearing and at its other opposite end (the hook shank) is formed a bent hook part, wherein at the free end of the bent hook portion of the stop element (the stop surface) and spaced therefrom at the end of the hook shaft, a cam are arranged, which is supported at befindlichem in its first position pivoting member on a support member.
  • a simple restoration of the signaling function is obtained when the release element for biasing the released release spring from its released position is displaceable to its holding position that corresponding to the displacement of the release element from its released to its holding position, a displacement of a return element from a rest position in one Reset position takes place, which pivots the pivoting element in its first position (resets).
  • the protective device is designed so that after the return of the pivoting element, a displacement of the return element takes place in its rest position.
  • the solution provides that a release device with the pivoting element in the form of a pivotable hook, a release spring and a displaceable release element is present and that under a second Preloaded release spring is released by moving the pivot member of the release device and shifts the release member together with the pivot member from the holding to a releasing position, and that a switch is switched from the release device located in its holding position in the second switching state.
  • Fig. 1 shows a protective device 1 with a fuse 2 and a monitoring and signaling unit 3 for monitoring and signaling the triggering of the fuse 2.
  • the monitoring and signaling unit 3 has a housing 3a, which is mounted on the fuse 2 and in Fig. 1 is shown open, and it has been split into two halves for clarity and the front half has been omitted in the figures respectively (in all figures so that only the rear half of the housing 3a can be seen).
  • the fuse 2 has a hollow insulating body 2a and two opposing electrical contacts in the form of blade contacts 4.
  • the two blade contacts 4 are connected inside the insulating body 2a by a fusible conductor (not shown).
  • a reporting element 5 is led out, which is bent hook-shaped down and holds a message spring 6 in the form of a leaf spring under a (first) bias. If the melt conductor melts, the message spring 6 is released.
  • the monitoring and signaling unit 3 a release device 7, which has a stop element 8 in the form of a stop surface 8a, where the reporting spring 6 abuts when it is released from the reporting element 5 (see also Fig. 6 ).
  • the release device 7 is in Fig. 1 shown in its holding position in which a release spring 9 is held under a bias.
  • a release spring 9 By means of the release spring 9, an auxiliary switch 10 via a switch button 10a can be actuated.
  • Fig. 1 holds the release device 7, the switch button 10 a pressed and the auxiliary switch 10 is in its first switching state.
  • FIG. 2 is the monitoring and signaling unit 7 according to Fig. 1 shown in an enlarged view, so that their details are better to see.
  • the monitoring and signaling unit 7 has a pivoting element 11 in the form of a hook 11a, which is pivotally mounted via a pivot bearing 12 from a first position to a second position.
  • the Swivel bearing 12 is arranged at the bottom of a release element 13.
  • the hook 11a consists of a hook shank 11b whose upper end is connected to the pivot bearing 12 and at the lower end of which a cam 11e and a hook portion 11c are respectively arranged on both sides.
  • the cam 11e on the rear side is hidden by the hook 11a, and only the front cam 11e is seen.
  • the stop element 8 is fixed.
  • the upwardly displaceable together with the hook-shaped pivoting element 11 release element 13 is acted upon by a release spring 14 in the form of a (first) coil spring, which rests on the lower side of a radial projection 15 and one based on Fig. 2 upward force exerts on the release element 13.
  • the release element 13 is held in place by the hook 11a in that the rear and front cams 11e each have a support element 11d in the form of a projection with a contact surface (see FIG. Fig. 5 ) engages behind and thus holds on the support elements 11d (is supported).
  • the two cam 11e engaging behind the supporting elements 11d are latched to the support element 11d (not shown).
  • release spring 14 is held by the located in its first position pivot member 11 under a (second) bias.
  • the release element 13 is in its holding position and the release device 7 accordingly in its holding position.
  • the radial projection 15 is further supported by a return spring 16 in the form of a (second) coil spring, which abuts the top of the projection 15 and presses against a push-button 17.
  • the push-button 17 is provided with a lateral passage opening 18 into which engages a projection 15 arranged on the radial nose 19, which limits the stroke of the push-button 17.
  • the return spring 16 is relaxed and pushed the push button 17 upwards.
  • Fig. 3 shows the monitoring and signaling unit 7 for better understanding as opposed to Fig. 2 only without the push-button 17. As in Fig. 2 Therefore, the switch button 10a is shown pressed down.
  • Fig. 5 is opposite Fig. 4
  • the hook 11 a is omitted, so that the rear of the two support members 11 d can be seen that in this position of the release element 13 (as in Fig. 1 - 4th ) is engaged behind by the rear cam 11e.
  • the front of the two support members 11d is located in the omitted front half of the housing 3a and is engaged behind by the front cam 11e.
  • Fig. 6 shows the release device 7 according to Fig. 2 with released from the reporting element 5 and posted on the stop element 8 signaling spring 6 and the right of this (counterclockwise) swiveled pivot member 11.
  • the pivot member 11 has released the release spring 14 (straight), but still is tense.
  • the release element 13 is still in its lower (holding) position.
  • Fig. 7 the release element 13 is displaced upward from the released release spring 14 and is in its releasing position; the release device 7 accordingly assumes its release position.
  • the switch button 10a of the auxiliary switch 10 is released and pushed out of the auxiliary switch 10 due to a pressurization to the outside, ie the auxiliary switch 10 is automatically changed from its first to its second switching state.
  • the auxiliary switch 10 could also be directly operated (pressed).
  • the second switching state of the auxiliary switch 10 indicates the triggering of the fuse 2.
  • Fig. 8 shows the push-button 17 in its lower position and the return spring 16 and the release spring 14 are stretched.
  • the push button 17 is pressed down to restore (activate) the monitoring.
  • a fixed to the push button 17 and moved from its rest position to its return position (here down led) return element 20 has the pivot member 11 (the hook 11a) pivoted back into its first position in which it rests against a stop pin 21.
  • the pivoting back by the return element 20 via a lateral projection, which is opposite to the stop element 8 and against which the return element 20 presses when passing, wherein the pivot member 11 pivots to the left.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Schutzeinrichtung mit einer Schmelzsicherung und ein Verfahren zur elektrischen Überwachung und Signalisierung der Auslösung einer Schutzeinrichtung, insbesondere einer Schmelzsicherung, gemäß den Oberbegriffen der Ansprüche 1 und 5.The invention relates to a protective device with a fuse and a method for electrical monitoring and signaling the triggering of a protective device, in particular a fuse, according to the preambles of claims 1 and 5.

Schutzeinrichtungen mit einer Sicherung in Form einer Schmelzsicherung, die einen hohlen Isolierkörper aufweisen, an dem einander gegenüberliegende und durch einen Schmelzleiter verbundene elektrische Kontakte angeordnet sind, sind bekannt. Zur Signalisierung der Auslösung der Sicherung, also des geschmolzenen Schmelzleiters, ist ein Meldeelement aus dem Isolierkörper herausgeführt. Das Meldeelement in Form eines Metallhakens zieht eine Meldefeder gegen den Isolierkörper, so dass sie vorgespannt gehalten ist. Bei geschmolzenem Schmelzleiter wird die Meldefeder von dem Meldeelement freigegeben und die Meldefeder schlägt an einem Anschlagelement (Anschlagsfläche) an. Das Anschlagelement ist an einem Ende eines Doppelhebels angeordnet, welcher um eine Achse schwenkbar ist. Das Verschwenken des Doppelhebels durch die Meldefeder bewirkt die Betätigung eines Hilfsschalters, der dabei seinen Schaltzustand ändert. Der Hilfsschalter ist also entweder geöffnet oder geschlossen, wobei einer dieser beiden Schaltzustände das Auslösen der Schmelzsicherung signalisiert.Protective devices with a fuse in the form of a fuse, which have a hollow insulating body, are arranged on the opposing and connected by a fusible electrical contacts, are known. To signal the triggering of the fuse, so the molten fuse conductor, a reporting element is led out of the insulating body. The signaling element in the form of a metal hook pulls a reporting spring against the insulating body, so that it is held biased. When melted fusible conductor, the message spring is released from the reporting element and the reporting spring strikes a stop element (stop surface). The stop element is arranged at one end of a double lever, which is pivotable about an axis. The pivoting of the double lever by the message spring causes the operation of an auxiliary switch, thereby changing its switching state. The auxiliary switch is thus either open or closed, one of these two switching states signaling the triggering of the fuse.

Derartige mechanische Sicherungsüberwachungen sind kostengünstig und beeinflussen die Stoßspannungsfestigkeit der Schutzeinrichtung nicht. Nachteilig ist allerdings, dass sie die Zuverlässigkeit der Überwachung deutlich verringern. Eine zuverlässige Sicherungsüberwachung ist damit nicht sichergestellt.Such mechanical safety monitoring systems are inexpensive and do not influence the surge voltage resistance of the protective device. The disadvantage, however, is that they significantly reduce the reliability of the monitoring. A Reliable fuse monitoring is thus not ensured.

Elektronische Sicherungsüberwachungen haben den Nachteil, dass sie die Stoßspannungsfestigkeit der Schutzeinrichtung senken und darüber hinaus auch noch teurer sind.Electronic fuse monitors have the disadvantage that they reduce the surge voltage resistance of the protective device and are also more expensive.

Insbesondere aus der US5260679A ist die Überwachung einer eine Auslöseanzeige aufweisenden Sicherung (NH-Standardsicherung) mit einem Ablauf bekannt, bei dem die Auslöseanzeige der Sicherung an einem Ende eines Umlenkhebels angreift und diesen nach Auslösung verschwenkt. Das andere Ende des Umlenkhebels betätigt dabei direkt den Schalter (Hilfsschalter), d.h. der Umlenkhebel schaltet den Schalter in einen Schaltzustand, der das Auslösen der Sicherung anzeigt. Die Sicherung selbst betätigt also über den Umlenkhebel den Hilfsschalter der Sicherungsüberwachung, und zwar mittels einer Übersetzung entsprechend den Hebelverhältnissen, wodurch eine entsprechende Kraft für den Hilfsschalter bereitgestellt wird.In particular from the US5260679A is the monitoring of a trip indicator having a fuse (standard NH fuse) with a sequence known in which the trigger indicator of the fuse at one end of a bell crank attacks and pivots this after triggering. The other end of the reversing lever actuates directly the switch (auxiliary switch), ie the lever turns the switch in a switching state indicating the triggering of the fuse. Thus, the fuse itself actuates the auxiliary switch of the fuse monitoring via the reversing lever, by means of a ratio according to the lever ratios, whereby a corresponding force is provided for the auxiliary switch.

Ähnliche Überwachungen einer Sicherung mit einer Auslöseanzeige mit einem Umlenkhebel zur Betätigung eines Schalters sind aus der CN02705565A , der EP1180779A2 und der DE7528974U bekannt.Similar monitoring of a fuse with a trip indicator with a lever for operating a switch are from the CN02705565A , the EP1180779A2 and the DE7528974U known.

Die Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, eine Schutzeinrichtung mit einer mechanischen Sicherungsüberwachung zu erzielen, die eine hohe Zuverlässigkeit aufweist. Weiter wird ein Verfahren zur elektrischen Überwachung und Signalisierung der Auslösung einer Schutzeinrichtung, insbesondere einer Schmelzsicherung, vorgeschlagen.The object of the invention is to achieve a protective device with a mechanical fuse monitoring, which has a high reliability. Furthermore, a method for electrical monitoring and signaling the triggering of a protective device, in particular a fuse, proposed.

Die Aufgabe wird bezogen auf die Schutzeinrichtung durch die Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 und bezogen auf das Verfahren durch die Merkmale des Anspruchs 5 gelöst.The object is based on the protective device by the features of claim 1 and based on the method by the features of claim 5.

Die Lösung sieht bezogen auf die Schutzeinrichtung vor, dass eine Freigabeeinrichtung mit dem Schwenkelement in Form eines schwenkbaren Hakens, einer Auslösefeder und einem verschiebbaren Freigabeelement vorhanden ist, wobei der Haken einen Hakenschaft aufweist, an dessen einem Ende ein Schwenklager und an dessen anderem gegenüberliegenden Ende ein gebogenes Hakenteil ausgebildet ist, wobei am freien Ende des gebogenen Hakenteils das Anschlagelement in Form einer Anschlagsfläche und von diesem beabstandet am Ende des Hakenschafts ein Nocken angeordnet ist, der sich an einem Stützelement abstützt und die Auslösefeder unter einer zweiten Vorspannung hält, wenn sich die Freigabeeinrichtung in ihrer Freigabeposition befindet, und wobei das Schwenkelement die Auslösefeder freigibt, wenn das Schwenkelement in seine zweite Lage schwenkt, und dass die freigegebene Auslösefeder das Freigabeelement zusammen mit dem Schwenkelement aus der haltenden in eine freigebende Position verschiebt und den Schalter in den zweiten Schaltzustand schaltet.With regard to the protective device, the solution provides that a release device with the pivoting element in the form of a pivotable hook, a release spring and a displaceable release element is provided, wherein the hook has a hook shank at one end of a pivot bearing and at the other opposite end bent hook portion is formed, wherein at the free end of the bent hook portion, the stop element in the form of a stop surface and spaced therefrom at the end of the hook shank is arranged a cam which is supported on a support member and the release spring holds under a second bias when the release device is in its release position, and wherein the pivot member releases the release spring when the pivot member pivots to its second position, and that the released release spring displaced the release member together with the pivot member from the holding to a releasing position t and switches the switch in the second switching state.

Die technische Ausführung der Freigabeeinrichtung ist relativ einfach, da die Freigabeeinrichtung ein Schwenkelement aufweist, das um eine Achse eines Schwenklagers schwenkbar ist und an dem mit Abstand zum Schwenklager ein Anschlagelement (die Anschlagfläche) und ein Freigabeelement mit Abstand zum Anschlagelement angeordnet sind, dass das Schwenkelement von der am Anschlagelement anschlagenden Meldefeder aus einer ersten Lage in eine zweite Lage schwenkbar ist, dass die Auslösefeder vom Schwenkelement unter einer zweiten Vorspannung gehalten ist, wenn sich das Schwenkelement in seiner ersten Lage befindet, und vom Schwenkelement freigegeben ist, wenn sich das Schwenkelement in seiner zweiten Lage befindet, dass das Freigabeelement von der freigegebenen Auslösefeder aus einer haltenden Position in eine freigebende Position verschiebbar ist, dass der (Hilfs-)Schalter von dem in seiner haltenden Position befindlichen Freigabeelement in einem ersten Schaltzustand gehalten und in einen zweiten Schaltzustand geschaltet ist, wenn das Freigabeelement in seine freigebende Position verschoben ist.The technical embodiment of the release device is relatively simple, since the release device comprises a pivoting element which is pivotable about an axis of a pivot bearing and at the distance to the pivot bearing a stop element (the stop surface) and a release element are arranged at a distance from the stop element, that the pivoting element can be pivoted from the first stop to a second position of the stop spring abutting the spring element, that the release spring is held by the pivot member under a second bias when the pivot member is in its first position, and released from the pivot member when the pivot member in its second position is that the release element of the released release spring is displaceable from a holding position to a releasing position, that the (auxiliary) switch held by the release member located in its holding position in a first switching state and in a n second switching state is switched when the release element is moved to its releasing position.

Auch ist die Schutzeinrichtung relativ einfach aufgebaut, da das Schwenkelement ein schwenkbarer Haken mit einem Hakenschaft ist, an dessen einem Ende (des Hakenschafts) das Schwenklager und an dessen anderem gegenüberliegenden Ende (des Hakenschafts) ein gebogenes Hakenteil ausgebildet ist, wobei am freien Ende des gebogenen Hakenteils das Anschlagelement (die Anschlagfläche) und von diesem beabstandet am Ende des Hakenschafts ein Nocken angeordnet sind, der bei in seiner ersten Lage befindlichem Schwenkelement an einem Stützelement abgestützt ist.The protective device is relatively simple in construction, since the pivoting element is a pivotable hook with a hook shank at one end (of the hook shaft), the pivot bearing and at its other opposite end (the hook shank) is formed a bent hook part, wherein at the free end of the bent hook portion of the stop element (the stop surface) and spaced therefrom at the end of the hook shaft, a cam are arranged, which is supported at befindlichem in its first position pivoting member on a support member.

Eine einfache Wiederherstellung der Signalisierungsfunktion erhält man, wenn das Freigabeelement zum Vorspannen der freigegebenen Auslösefeder aus ihrer freigegebenen Position in ihre haltende Position verschiebbar ist, dass korrespondierend mit der Verschiebung des Freigabeelements aus seiner freigegebenen in seine haltende Position eine Verschiebung eines Rückstellelements aus einer Ruheposition in eine Rückstellposition erfolgt, welches das Schwenkelement in seine erste Lage schwenkt (zurückstellt).A simple restoration of the signaling function is obtained when the release element for biasing the released release spring from its released position is displaceable to its holding position that corresponding to the displacement of the release element from its released to its holding position, a displacement of a return element from a rest position in one Reset position takes place, which pivots the pivoting element in its first position (resets).

Mit Vorteil ist die Schutzeinrichtung so ausgeführt, dass nach der Zurückstellung des Schwenkelements eine Verschiebung des Rückstellelements in seine Ruheposition erfolgt.Advantageously, the protective device is designed so that after the return of the pivoting element, a displacement of the return element takes place in its rest position.

Technisch einfach ist es, wenn die Verschiebung des Rückstellelements in seine Ruheposition mittels einer Rückstellfeder erfolgt, welche am Freigabeelement abgestützt ist und deren Federkonstante kleiner als die der Auslösefeder ist.It is technically simple if the displacement of the restoring element in its rest position by means of a return spring, which is supported on the release element and the spring constant is smaller than that of the release spring.

Die Lösung sieht bezogen auf das Verfahren vor, dass eine Freigabeeinrichtung mit dem Schwenkelement in Form eines verschwenkbaren Hakens, einer Auslösefeder und einem verschiebbaren Freigabeelement vorhanden ist und die unter einer zweiten Vorspannung gehaltene Auslösefeder durch Bewegen des Schwenkelement der Freigabeeinrichtung freigegeben wird und das Freigabeelement zusammen mit dem Schwenkelement aus der haltenden in eine freigebende Position verschiebt, und dass ein Schalter von der in ihrer Halteposition befindlichen Freigabeeinrichtung in den zweiten Schaltzustand geschaltet wird.With regard to the method, the solution provides that a release device with the pivoting element in the form of a pivotable hook, a release spring and a displaceable release element is present and that under a second Preloaded release spring is released by moving the pivot member of the release device and shifts the release member together with the pivot member from the holding to a releasing position, and that a switch is switched from the release device located in its holding position in the second switching state.

Die Durchführung des Verfahrens ist bei einer Freigabeeinrichtung, die ein Schwenkelement aufweist, an dem das Anschlagelement (die Anschlagfläche) fest angeordnet ist und an dem ein Freigabeelement mit Abstand zum Anschlagelement schwenkbar angeordnet ist, technisch vereinfacht:

  1. a) da das Schwenkelement von der anschlagenden Meldefeder aus einer ersten Lage in eine zweite Lage verschwenkt wird,
  2. b) da die Auslösefeder vom Schwenkelement unter einer zweiten Vorspannung gehalten wird, wenn sich das Schwenkelement in seiner ersten Lage befindet, und vom Schwenkelement freigegeben wird, wenn das Schwenkelement in seine zweite Lage schwenkt, und
  3. c) da der Schalter von dem in seiner haltenden Position befindlichen Freigabeelement in einem ersten Schaltzustand gehalten wird und durch Verschieben des Freigabeelements in seine freigebende Position betätigt wird oder selbsttätig umschaltet, wenn das Freigabeelement in seine freigebende Position verschoben wird.
The implementation of the method is in a release device having a pivot member on which the stop element (the stop surface) is fixedly arranged and on which a release element is arranged at a distance from the stop element pivotally, technically simplified:
  1. a) since the pivoting element is pivoted by the abutting message spring from a first position to a second position,
  2. b) because the release spring is held by the pivot member under a second bias when the pivot member is in its first position and released by the pivot member when the pivot member pivots to its second position, and
  3. c) because the switch is held by the release member located in its holding position in a first switching state and is actuated by moving the release member into its releasing position or automatically switches when the release member is moved to its releasing position.

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand einer Zeichnung näher beschrieben. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine Schutzeinrichtung mit einer Schmelzsicherung und einer Überwachungs- und Signalisierungseinheit zur Überwachung und Signalisierung der Auslösung der Schmelzsicherung,
Fig. 2
die Überwachungs- und Signalisierungseinheit gemäß Fig. 1 in einer vergrößerten Darstellung,
Fig. 3
die Überwachungs- und Signalisierungseinheit gemäß Fig. 1 und 2 ohne Drucktaster,
Fig. 4
die Überwachungs- und Signalisierungseinheit gemäß Fig. 3 ohne Auslöse- und Rückstellfeder, und
Fig. 5
die Überwachungs- und Signalisierungseinheit gemäß Fig. 4 ohne Schwenkelement,
Fig. 6
die Überwachungs- und Signalisierungseinheit gemäß Fig. 2 mit verschwenktem Schwenkelement,
Fig. 7
die Überwachungs- und Signalisierungseinheit gemäß Fig. 6 mit sich in seiner freigebenden Position befindlichem Freigabeelement und
Fig. 8
die Überwachungs- und Signalisierungseinheit gemäß Fig. 7 mit wiederhergestellter (aktivierter) Überwachung.
The invention will be described below with reference to a drawing. Show it:
Fig. 1
a protective device with a fuse and a monitoring and signaling unit for monitoring and signaling the release of the fuse,
Fig. 2
the monitoring and signaling unit according to Fig. 1 in an enlarged view,
Fig. 3
the monitoring and signaling unit according to Fig. 1 and 2 without pushbutton,
Fig. 4
the monitoring and signaling unit according to Fig. 3 without release and return spring, and
Fig. 5
the monitoring and signaling unit according to Fig. 4 without swivel element,
Fig. 6
the monitoring and signaling unit according to Fig. 2 with pivoted pivoting element,
Fig. 7
the monitoring and signaling unit according to Fig. 6 with release element located in its releasing position and
Fig. 8
the monitoring and signaling unit according to Fig. 7 with recovered (activated) monitoring.

Fig. 1 zeigt eine Schutzeinrichtung 1 mit einer Schmelzsicherung 2 und einer Überwachungs- und Signalisierungseinheit 3 zur Überwachung und Signalisierung der Auslösung der Schmelzsicherung 2. Die Überwachungs- und Signalisierungseinheit 3 weist ein Gehäuse 3a auf, das an die Schmelzsicherung 2 montiert und in Fig. 1 geöffnet dargestellt ist, wobei es der Übersichtlichkeit halber in zwei Hälften zerlegt und die vordere Hälfte in den Figuren jeweils weggelassen worden ist (in allen Figuren ist also nur die hintere Hälfte des Gehäuses 3a zu sehen). Die Schmelzsicherung 2 verfügt über einen hohlen Isolierkörper 2a und zwei einander gegenüberliegende elektrische Kontakte in Form von Messerkontakten 4. Die beiden Messerkontakte 4 sind im Inneren des Isolierkörpers 2a durch einen Schmelzleiter (nicht gezeigt) verbunden. Aus dem Isolierkörper 2a ist ein Meldeelement 5 herausgeführt, das hakenförmig nach unten gebogen ist und eine Meldefeder 6 in Form einer Blattfeder unter einer (ersten) Vorspannung hält. Schmilzt der Schmelzleiter, so wird die Meldefeder 6 freigegeben. Fig. 1 shows a protective device 1 with a fuse 2 and a monitoring and signaling unit 3 for monitoring and signaling the triggering of the fuse 2. The monitoring and signaling unit 3 has a housing 3a, which is mounted on the fuse 2 and in Fig. 1 is shown open, and it has been split into two halves for clarity and the front half has been omitted in the figures respectively (in all figures so that only the rear half of the housing 3a can be seen). The fuse 2 has a hollow insulating body 2a and two opposing electrical contacts in the form of blade contacts 4. The two blade contacts 4 are connected inside the insulating body 2a by a fusible conductor (not shown). From the insulating body 2a, a reporting element 5 is led out, which is bent hook-shaped down and holds a message spring 6 in the form of a leaf spring under a (first) bias. If the melt conductor melts, the message spring 6 is released.

Weiter weist die Überwachungs- und Signalisierungseinheit 3 eine Freigabeeinrichtung 7 auf, welche über ein Anschlagelement 8 in Form einer Anschlagsfläche 8a verfügt, an welcher die Meldefeder 6 anschlägt, wenn sie vom Meldeelement 5 freigegeben wird (s. auch Fig. 6).Next, the monitoring and signaling unit 3, a release device 7, which has a stop element 8 in the form of a stop surface 8a, where the reporting spring 6 abuts when it is released from the reporting element 5 (see also Fig. 6 ).

Die Freigabeeinrichtung 7 ist in Fig. 1 in ihrer Halteposition gezeigt, in der eine Auslösefeder 9 unter einer Vorspannung gehalten ist. Mittels der Auslösefeder 9 ist ein Hilfsschalter 10 über einen Schalterknopf 10a betätigbar. In Fig. 1 hält die Freigabeeinrichtung 7 den Schalterknopf 10a gedrückt und der Hilfsschalter 10 befindet sich in seinem ersten Schaltzustand.The release device 7 is in Fig. 1 shown in its holding position in which a release spring 9 is held under a bias. By means of the release spring 9, an auxiliary switch 10 via a switch button 10a can be actuated. In Fig. 1 holds the release device 7, the switch button 10 a pressed and the auxiliary switch 10 is in its first switching state.

In Fig. 2 ist die Überwachungs- und Signalisierungseinheit 7 gemäß Fig. 1 in einer vergrößerten Darstellung gezeigt, so dass ihre Details besser zu sehen sind. Die Überwachungs- und Signalisierungseinheit 7 weist ein Schwenkelement 11 in Form eines Hakens 11a auf, das über ein Schwenklager 12 aus einer ersten Lage in eine zweite Lage schwenkbar gelagert ist. Das Schwenklager 12 ist unten an einem Freigabeelement 13 angeordnet. Der Haken 11a besteht aus einem Hakenschaft 11b, dessen oberes Ende mit dem Schwenklager 12 verbunden ist und an dessen unterem Ende auf beiden Seiten je ein Nocken 11e und ein Hakenteil 11c angeordnet sind. In Fig. 2 ist der Nocken 11e auf der hinteren Seite vom Haken 11a verdeckt und nur der vordere Nocken 11e zu sehen. Am freien Ende des Hakenteils 11c ist das Anschlagelement 8 fest angeordnet.In Fig. 2 is the monitoring and signaling unit 7 according to Fig. 1 shown in an enlarged view, so that their details are better to see. The monitoring and signaling unit 7 has a pivoting element 11 in the form of a hook 11a, which is pivotally mounted via a pivot bearing 12 from a first position to a second position. The Swivel bearing 12 is arranged at the bottom of a release element 13. The hook 11a consists of a hook shank 11b whose upper end is connected to the pivot bearing 12 and at the lower end of which a cam 11e and a hook portion 11c are respectively arranged on both sides. In Fig. 2 For example, the cam 11e on the rear side is hidden by the hook 11a, and only the front cam 11e is seen. At the free end of the hook portion 11 c, the stop element 8 is fixed.

Das zusammen mit dem hakenförmigen Schwenkelement 11 nach oben verschiebbare Freigabeelement 13 ist von einer Auslösefeder 14 in Form einer (ersten) Schraubenfeder beaufschlagt, die auf der unteren Seite an einem radialen Vorsprung 15 anliegt und eine bezogen auf Fig. 2 nach oben gerichtete Kraft auf das Freigabeelement 13 ausübt. Das Freigabeelement 13 wird von dem Haken 11a festgehalten, indem der hintere und der vordere Nocken 11e je ein Stützelement 11d in Form eines Vorsprungs mit einer Anlagefläche (s. Fig. 5) hintergreift und sich so an den Stützelementen 11d festhält (abgestützt ist). Zusätzlich sind die beiden die Stützelemente 11d hintergreifende Nocken 11e am Stützelement 11d verrastet (nicht gezeigt).The upwardly displaceable together with the hook-shaped pivoting element 11 release element 13 is acted upon by a release spring 14 in the form of a (first) coil spring, which rests on the lower side of a radial projection 15 and one based on Fig. 2 upward force exerts on the release element 13. The release element 13 is held in place by the hook 11a in that the rear and front cams 11e each have a support element 11d in the form of a projection with a contact surface (see FIG. Fig. 5 ) engages behind and thus holds on the support elements 11d (is supported). In addition, the two cam 11e engaging behind the supporting elements 11d are latched to the support element 11d (not shown).

Auf diese Weise wird die Auslösefeder 14 von dem in seiner ersten Lage befindlichen Schwenkelement 11 unter einer (zweiten) Vorspannung gehalten. Das Freigabeelement 13 befindet sich in seiner haltenden Position und die Freigabeeinrichtung 7 entsprechend in ihrer Halteposition.In this way, the release spring 14 is held by the located in its first position pivot member 11 under a (second) bias. The release element 13 is in its holding position and the release device 7 accordingly in its holding position.

Am radialen Vorsprung 15 stützt sich weiter eine Rückstellfeder 16 in Form einer (zweiten) Schraubenfeder ab, die oben am Vorsprung 15 anliegt und gegen einen Drucktaster 17 drückt. Der Drucktaster 17 ist mit einer seitlichen Durchgangsöffnung 18 versehen, in die eine am Vorsprung 15 angeordnete radiale Nase 19 eingreift, welche den Hub des Drucktasters 17 begrenzt. In Fig. 2 ist die Rückstellfeder 16 entspannt und der Drucktaster 17 nach oben gedrückt.The radial projection 15 is further supported by a return spring 16 in the form of a (second) coil spring, which abuts the top of the projection 15 and presses against a push-button 17. The push-button 17 is provided with a lateral passage opening 18 into which engages a projection 15 arranged on the radial nose 19, which limits the stroke of the push-button 17. In Fig. 2 the return spring 16 is relaxed and pushed the push button 17 upwards.

Fig. 3 zeigt die Überwachungs- und Signalisierungseinheit 7 zum besseren Verständnis im Unterschied zu Fig. 2 lediglich ohne den Drucktaster 17. Wie in Fig. 2 ist der Schalterknopf 10a deshalb gedrückt dargestellt. Fig. 3 shows the monitoring and signaling unit 7 for better understanding as opposed to Fig. 2 only without the push-button 17. As in Fig. 2 Therefore, the switch button 10a is shown pressed down.

In Fig. 4 sind zusätzlich auch die Auslösefeder 14 und die Rückstellfeder 16 gegenüber der Fig. 3 weggelassen.In Fig. 4 In addition, the release spring 14 and the return spring 16 are opposite to the Fig. 3 omitted.

In Fig. 5 ist gegenüber Fig. 4 außerdem der Haken 11a weggelassen, so dass das hintere der beiden Stützelemente 11d zu sehen ist, das in dieser Stellung des Freigabeelements 13 (wie in Fig. 1 - 4) von dem hinteren Nocken 11e hintergriffen wird. Das vordere der beiden Stützelemente 11d befindet sich in der weggelassenen vorderen Hälfte des Gehäuses 3a und wird von dem vorderen Nocken 11e hintergriffen.In Fig. 5 is opposite Fig. 4 In addition, the hook 11 a is omitted, so that the rear of the two support members 11 d can be seen that in this position of the release element 13 (as in Fig. 1 - 4th ) is engaged behind by the rear cam 11e. The front of the two support members 11d is located in the omitted front half of the housing 3a and is engaged behind by the front cam 11e.

Fig. 6 zeigt die Freigabeeinrichtung 7 gemäß Fig. 2 mit vom Meldeelement 5 freigegebener und am Anschlagelement 8 angeschlagener Meldefeder 6 und das von dieser nach rechts (entgegen dem Uhrzeigersinn) geschwenkte Schwenkelement 11. Das Schwenkelement 11 hat die Auslösefeder 14 (gerade) freigegeben, die aber immer noch gespannt ist. Das Freigabeelement 13 befindet noch in seiner unteren (haltenden) Position. Fig. 6 shows the release device 7 according to Fig. 2 with released from the reporting element 5 and posted on the stop element 8 signaling spring 6 and the right of this (counterclockwise) swiveled pivot member 11. The pivot member 11 has released the release spring 14 (straight), but still is tense. The release element 13 is still in its lower (holding) position.

In Fig. 7 ist das Freigabeelement 13 von der freigegebenen Auslösefeder 14 nach oben verschoben und befindet sich in seiner freigebenden Position; die Freigabeeinrichtung 7 nimmt entsprechend ihre Freigabeposition ein. In dieser Position ist der Schalterknopf 10a des Hilfsschalters 10 freigegeben und aus dem Hilfsschalter 10 aufgrund einer Druckbeaufschlagung nach außen herausgedrückt, d.h. der Hilfsschalter 10 ist selbsttätig aus seinem ersten in seinen zweiten Schaltzustand gewechselt. Alternativ könnte der Hilfsschalter 10 auch direkt betätigt (gedrückt) werden. Der zweite Schaltzustand des Hilfsschalters 10 zeigt das Auslösen der Schmelzsicherung 2 an.In Fig. 7 the release element 13 is displaced upward from the released release spring 14 and is in its releasing position; the release device 7 accordingly assumes its release position. In this position, the switch button 10a of the auxiliary switch 10 is released and pushed out of the auxiliary switch 10 due to a pressurization to the outside, ie the auxiliary switch 10 is automatically changed from its first to its second switching state. Alternatively, the auxiliary switch 10 could also be directly operated (pressed). The second switching state of the auxiliary switch 10 indicates the triggering of the fuse 2.

Fig. 8 zeigt den Drucktaster 17 in seiner unteren Position und die Rückstellfeder 16 und die Auslösefeder 14 sind gespannt. Der Drucktaster 17 ist zur Wiederherstellung (Aktivierung) der Überwachung nach unten gedrückt . Ein am Drucktaster 17 fest angeordnetes und aus seiner Ruheposition in seine Rückstellposition bewegtes (hier nach unten geführtes) Rückstellelement 20 hat das Schwenkelement 11 (den Hakens 11a) in seine erste Lage zurückgeschwenkt, in der es an einem Anschlagbolzen 21 anliegt. Das Zurückschwenken durch das Rückstellelement 20 erfolgt über einen seitlichen Vorsprung, welcher dem Anschlagelement 8 gegenüberliegt und gegen welchen das Rückstellelement 20 beim Passieren drückt, wobei das Schwenkelement 11 nach links schwenkt. Fig. 8 shows the push-button 17 in its lower position and the return spring 16 and the release spring 14 are stretched. The push button 17 is pressed down to restore (activate) the monitoring. A fixed to the push button 17 and moved from its rest position to its return position (here down led) return element 20 has the pivot member 11 (the hook 11a) pivoted back into its first position in which it rests against a stop pin 21. The pivoting back by the return element 20 via a lateral projection, which is opposite to the stop element 8 and against which the return element 20 presses when passing, wherein the pivot member 11 pivots to the left.

Anschließend erfolgt eine Verschiebung des Rückstellelements 20 zurück in seine Ruheposition mittels der Rückstellfeder 16, welche am Freigabeelement 13 abgestützt ist. Die Federkonstante der Rückstellfeder 16 muss dazu entsprechend kleiner als die der Auslösefeder 16 sein.Subsequently, a displacement of the return element 20 back into its rest position by means of the return spring 16, which is supported on the release element 13. The spring constant of the return spring 16 must be correspondingly smaller than that of the release spring 16.

Claims (5)

  1. Protection device (1)
    comprising a fuse (2) which has a fusible element,
    comprising a signalling element (5), which is routed out of the fuse (2), in the form of a metal hook which holds a signalling spring (6) under a first prestress and releases the said signalling spring when the fusible element is melted, and comprising a stop element (8) which is arranged on a pivot element (11) and against which the released signalling spring (6) stops, wherein the signalling spring (6) which stops against the stop element (8) pivots the pivot element (11), which can be pivoted about an axis of a pivot bearing (12), from a first position to a second position and switches a switch (10) from a first switching state to a second switching state which respectively indicates the melted fusible element,
    characterized
    in that a release device (7) comprising the pivot element (11) in the form of a pivotable hook (11a), a tripping spring (14) and a movable release element (13) is provided, wherein the hook (11a) has a hook shaft (11b), on one end of which a pivot bearing (12) is formed and on the other opposite end of which a bent hook part (11c) is formed, wherein the stop element (8) in the form of a stop face (8a) is arranged at the free end of the bent hook part (11c) and a cam (11a) is arranged at a distance from the said stop element at the end of the hook shaft (11b), which cam is supported against a supporting element (11d) and holds the triggering spring (14) under a second prestress when the release device (7) is in its release position, and wherein the pivot element (11) releases the tripping spring (14) when the pivot element (11) pivots to its second position, and in that the released tripping spring (14) moves the release element (13) together with the pivot element (11) out of the retaining position to a releasing position and switches the switch (10) to the second switching state.
  2. Protection device according to Claim 1,
    characterized
    in that the release element (13) can be moved from its released position to its retaining position in order to prestress the released tripping spring (14), in that, corresponding to the movement of the release element (13) from its released position to its retaining position, a return element (20) is moved from an inoperative position to a return position, which return element pivots the pivot element (11) to its first position.
  3. Protection device according to Claim 2,
    characterized
    in that, after the pivot element (11) is reset, the return element (20) is moved to its inoperative position.
  4. Protection device according to Claim 2 or 3,
    characterized
    in that the movement of the return element (20) from its return position back to its inoperative position is performed by means of a return spring (16) which is supported on the release element (13) and the spring constant of which is smaller than that of the tripping spring (14).
  5. Method for electrically indicating tripping of a protection device (1) which has a fuse (2) in which a fusible element is arranged, wherein a signalling element (5) in the form of a metal hook is routed out of the fuse (2),
    in which method a signalling spring (6) is held under a first prestress by the signalling element (5) and is released when the fusible element is melted,
    in which method the released signalling spring (6) stops against a stop element (8) which is arranged on a pivot element (11) which can be pivoted about an axis of a pivot bearing (12),
    in which method the pivot element (11) is pivoted from a first position to a second position by the stopping signalling spring (6), and
    in which method a switch (10) is switched from a first switching state to a second switching state which respectively indicates the melted fusible element,
    characterized
    in that a release device (7) comprising the pivot element (11) in the form of a pivotable hook (11a), a tripping spring (14) and a movable release element (13) is provided, and the tripping spring (14) which is held under a second prestress is released by moving the pivot element (11) of the release device (7), and the release element (13) together with the pivot element (11) is moved out of the retaining position to a releasing position, and
    in that a switch (10) is switched to the second switching state by the release device (7) which is in its retaining position.
EP17167918.6A 2016-05-19 2017-04-25 Safety device with a fuse and method for electrically monitoring and signalling the triggering of a safety device, in particular a fuse Not-in-force EP3246932B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102016208578.6A DE102016208578A1 (en) 2016-05-19 2016-05-19 Protective device with a fuse and method for electrical monitoring and signaling the triggering of a protective device, in particular a fuse

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3246932A1 EP3246932A1 (en) 2017-11-22
EP3246932B1 true EP3246932B1 (en) 2019-03-27

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP17167918.6A Not-in-force EP3246932B1 (en) 2016-05-19 2017-04-25 Safety device with a fuse and method for electrically monitoring and signalling the triggering of a safety device, in particular a fuse

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3246932B1 (en)
CN (1) CN107452564B (en)
DE (1) DE102016208578A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111524765A (en) * 2020-05-27 2020-08-11 泉州台商投资区中栓机械技术有限公司 Household-based intelligent fuse fusing mechanism device system

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1081539B (en) * 1958-08-27 1960-05-12 F J Schulte Ges Mit Beschraenk Display device for NH fuses in fuse disconnectors
DE1438149A1 (en) * 1961-03-29 1969-04-17 Siemens Ag Device for the electrical display of the operational readiness of NH fuses
DE7528974U (en) * 1975-09-12 1976-01-08 Siemens Ag, 1000 Berlin Und 8000 Muenchen Low-voltage, high-performance fuse with a display device
DE4116058A1 (en) * 1991-05-16 1992-11-19 Concordia Sprecher Energie Switchgear with fuse-holder installed in tubular heater housing - has cover contg. captive pin which protrudes when axially movable hammer is displaced w.r.t. contact piece
FR2685544B1 (en) * 1991-12-19 1994-04-01 Ferraz OPERATION INDICATOR TYPE FUSE CARTRIDGE.
EP1180779A3 (en) * 2000-08-11 2002-12-18 Weber Control B.V. Handle
DE10062438A1 (en) * 2000-12-14 2002-06-20 Weber Control B V Handgrip for LV high power fuse has mechanical display device for indicating fuse operating condition by its position relative to outer surface of handgrip
CN102705565A (en) * 2012-06-25 2012-10-03 宁波东灵水暖空调配件有限公司 Actuating mechanism of fireproof smoke exhaust valve
CN103280385B (en) * 2013-05-20 2015-10-28 人民电器集团有限公司 Sensitive switch warning device on fuse

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Title
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3246932A1 (en) 2017-11-22
CN107452564A (en) 2017-12-08
CN107452564B (en) 2020-07-24
DE102016208578A1 (en) 2017-11-23

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