CN107452564B

CN107452564B - Protective device and method for electrically monitoring and signaling the triggering of a protective device

Info

Publication number: CN107452564B
Application number: CN201710355197.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: J.胡斯曼; F.内斯
Original assignee: Siemens AG
Current assignee: Siemens AG
Priority date: 2016-05-19
Filing date: 2017-05-19
Publication date: 2020-07-24
Anticipated expiration: 2037-05-19
Also published as: EP3246932A1; DE102016208578A1; CN107452564A; EP3246932B1

Abstract

The invention relates to a protective device with a fuse and a monitoring and signaling unit, comprising a signal spring (6) which is released when the fuse melts and which comes to rest against a stop (8) during this time. In order to achieve a mechanical safety monitoring with high reliability, it is proposed that the signal spring (6) belongs to a release device (7), that a stop (8) is arranged on the release device (7), and that it can be moved from a fixed position into a release position by a trigger spring (14) which is released by the stop. When the release device (7) is in its release position, the switch (10), which is held in the first switching state by the release device (7), switches into a second switching state, wherein the second switching state always signals the fuse to be blown. The invention also relates to a method for generating an electrical signal indicating that a protective device (1) is triggered.

Description

Protective device and method for electrically monitoring and signaling the triggering of a protective device

Technical Field

The invention relates to a protective device having a fuse and to a method for electrically monitoring and signaling the triggering of a protective device, in particular a fuse.

Background

Protective devices are known which comprise a fuse in the form of a fuse, which has a hollow insulator on which electrical contacts are arranged which are opposite one another and are connected to one another via a fuse. In order to signal that the fuse is triggered, i.e. that the fuse is blown, a signal element is led out of the insulator. The signal element, in the form of a metal hook, pulls the signal spring towards the insulator, so that it remains pre-tensioned. When the fuse melts, the signal spring is released by the signal element and the signal spring rests against a stop (stop face). The stop is arranged at one end of a double lever which can swing around an axis. The swinging of the double lever by the signal spring causes the auxiliary switch to be operated, at which time the auxiliary switch changes the switch state. The auxiliary switch is either opened or closed, wherein one of the two switch states signals that the fuse is blown.

The mechanical safety monitoring has low cost and does not influence the pulse voltage resistance of the protection device. There is of course a disadvantage in that it significantly reduces the reliability of the monitoring. And thus reliable safety monitoring cannot be guaranteed.

The disadvantage of electronic safety monitoring is that they reduce the impulse-resistant voltage strength of the safety device and are, in addition, more expensive.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem of obtaining a high-reliability safety device with mechanical safety monitoring. Furthermore, a method is proposed for electrically monitoring and signaling the triggering of a protective device, in particular a fuse.

The technical problem related to the protection device is solved by a protection device and the technical problem related to the method is solved by a method of issuing an electrical signal indicating that the protection device is triggered.

The technical problem related to the protective device is solved by the fact that a release device is provided, on which a stop (stop surface) is provided and which (after the stop) can be moved from a fastening position into a release position by a signal spring, wherein the release device has a trigger spring which is held in a second prestressed state when the release device is in its fastening position and is released when the release device is in its release position; and an (auxiliary) switch which is held in a first switching state by the release device in its fixed position and which switches to a second switching state when the release device is in its release position, wherein the second switching state always signals the fuse blowing, wherein the release device has a pendulum which is connected at one end to the release device so as to be rotatable about the axis of the pendulum bearing and at its other end remote from the pendulum bearing is provided with a stop element, which pendulum can be pivoted from a first position into a second position by a signal spring which is stopped on the stop element.

This results in a technically simple design of the release device and thus in a high reliability.

According to an advantageous further development, the trigger spring is held in a second prestressed state by the pendulum part when the pendulum part is in its first position and is released by the pendulum part when the pendulum part is in its second position; the release member is movable from a securing position to a release position by a released trigger spring; the (auxiliary) switch is held in a first switch state by the release member in its fixed position, and the switch switches to a second switch state when the release member is moved to its release position.

For further simplification, the pivoting element is a hook with a pivotable shank, which is designed as a pivot bearing at its one end (shank) and as a hook at its other, opposite end (shank), wherein a stop (stop face) is provided at the free end of the hook and a projection is provided at the end of the shank at a distance therefrom, the pivoting element in its first position resting on the support element.

The signal transmission function can be conveniently restored by taking the measures that the release piece can move from the release position to the fixed position in order to pre-tighten the released trigger spring; in correspondence with the release member being movable from its release position to its securing position, a reset member is implemented to move from a rest position to a reset position, which swings (resets) the oscillating member to its first position.

The protective device is advantageously designed to move the restoring element into its rest position after the pivoting element has been restored.

It is technically simple to move the reset element into its rest position by means of a reset spring, which is supported on the release element and whose spring constant is smaller than the spring constant of the trigger spring.

The technical problem related to the method is solved by the measure that the trigger spring, which is held in the second pre-tensioned state by the release means in its fixed position, is released by the release means moving into its release position; the (auxiliary) switch is held in a first switching state by the release device in its fixed position when the release device is in its release position, and is switched to a second switching state when the release device is moved into its release position, wherein the second switching state always signals the fuse to be blown, wherein the release device has a pendulum which is connected at one end to the release element so as to be rotatable about the axis of the pendulum bearing, and at its other end remote from the pendulum bearing is provided with a stop element which can be pivoted from a first position into a second position by a signal spring which is stopped on the stop element.

This makes the release device technically simple to implement the method, so that high reliability is achieved.

According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, a) the trigger spring is held in a second prestressed state by the oscillating piece when the oscillating piece is in its first position and is released by the oscillating piece when the oscillating piece is oscillated into its second position; and, b) the switch is held in the first switch state by the release member in its fixed position and is operated by moving the release member to its release position or automatically switches to the second switch state when the release member is moved to its release position.

Drawings

The invention is explained in detail below with the aid of the figures. Wherein:

FIG. 1 shows a protection device including a fuse and a monitoring and signaling unit for monitoring and signaling that the fuse is blown;

fig. 2 shows an enlarged representation of the monitoring and signal transmission unit according to fig. 1;

fig. 3 shows the monitoring and signaling unit according to fig. 1 and 2 without a button;

fig. 4 shows the monitoring and signaling unit according to fig. 3 without triggering and return springs;

FIG. 5 shows the monitoring and signaling unit according to FIG. 4 without the pendulum;

fig. 6 shows the monitoring and signaling unit according to fig. 2, comprising a pivotable pivoting element;

fig. 7 shows the monitoring and signaling unit according to fig. 6, with the release element in its release position; and

fig. 8 shows the monitoring and signaling unit according to fig. 7, including the recovered (activated) monitoring.

Detailed Description

Fig. 1 shows a protective device 1 with a fuse 2 and a monitoring and signaling unit 3 for monitoring and signaling the fuse 2 to be blown. The monitoring and signaling unit 3 has a housing 3a, which is mounted on the fuse 2 and is shown open in fig. 1, and is here divided into two parts for the sake of clarity of the drawing, the front half being removed in each drawing (i.e. only the rear half of the housing 3a is visible in all the drawings). The fuse 2 has a hollow dielectric body 2a and two electrical contacts in the form of blade contacts 4 which are arranged opposite one another. The two blade contacts 4 are connected inside the insulator 2a by a fuse (not shown). From the flange body 2a, a signal element 5 emerges, which is bent downward in the manner of a hook and holds a signal spring 6 in the form of a leaf spring in a (first) prestressed state. If the fuse melts, the signal spring 6 is released.

Furthermore, the monitoring and signaling unit 3 has a release device 7 which has a stop 8 in the form of a stop surface 8a, against which stop 8 the signal spring 6 rests when the signal spring 6 is released by the signal element 5 (see also fig. 6).

In fig. 1, the release device 7 is shown in its fixed position, in which the trigger spring 9 is held in a prestressed state. The auxiliary switch 10 can be actuated by means of the trigger spring 9 via a switch button 10 a. In fig. 1, the release means 7 keeps the switch button 10a pressed and the auxiliary switch 10 in its first switching state.

Fig. 2 shows the monitoring and signaling unit 7 according to fig. 1 in an enlarged manner, so that their details can be seen more clearly. The monitoring and signaling unit 7 has a pivoting element 11 in the form of a hook 11a, which is mounted so as to be pivotable from a first position into a second position via a pivot bearing 12. The pivot bearing 12 is arranged below on the release element 13. The hook 11a includes a shank 11b whose upper end is connected to the swing bearing 12, and at its lower end a projection 11e and a hook 11c are provided on both sides, respectively. In fig. 2, the rear projection 11e is covered by the hook 11a and only the front projection 11e is visible. A stopper 8 is fixedly provided at the free end of the hook 11 c.

The release element 13, which can be moved upwards together with the hook-like pivoting element 11, is acted on by a trigger spring 14 in the form of a (first) helical spring, which bears against the underside of the radial flange 15 and exerts a force directed upwards in the sense of fig. 2 on the release element 13. The release element 13 is held by the hook 11a, for which purpose the rear and front projections 11e each bear against a flange-like support element 11d (see fig. 5) with a stop face and are thus fixed (supported) on the support element 11 d. In addition to this, the two lugs 11e which bear against the support 11d are also locked on the support 11d (not shown).

In this way, the trigger spring 14 is held in a (second) pretensioned state by the pendulum 11 in its first position. The release member 13 is in its secured position and the release means 7 is correspondingly in its secured position.

A return spring 16 in the form of a (second) helical spring is also supported on the radial flange 15, which rests on the flange 15 and is pressed against a push button 17. The push-button 17 is provided with a lateral through hole 18 in which a radial lug 19 provided on the flange 15 is inserted, which limits the travel of the push-button 17. In fig. 2 the return spring 16 is relaxed and the button 17 is pressed upwards.

Fig. 3 shows the monitoring and signaling unit 7, which differs from fig. 2 only in the absence of the push button 17 for easier understanding. And is therefore represented as a push switch button 10a as in fig. 2.

In fig. 4, in comparison with fig. 3, the trigger spring 14 and the return spring 16 are additionally removed.

In fig. 5, the hook 11a is also removed in comparison with fig. 4, so that the rear one of the two support elements 11d can be seen, which in the position of the one (as in fig. 1 to 4) of the release element 13 is held back by the rear projection 11 e. The front one of the two supports 11d is in the front half of the casing 3a taken away and is backed by the front one of the projections 11 e.

Fig. 6 shows the release device 7 according to fig. 2, comprising a signal spring 6 which is released by the signal element 5 and rests against the stop element 8, and a pivoting element 11 which is pivoted to the right (counterclockwise) by the signal spring 6. The pendulum 11 (just) releases the trigger spring 14, but it is still in a pretensioned state. The release member 13 is still in its lower (fixed) position.

In fig. 7 the release member 13 is moved upwards by the released trigger spring 14 and is in its release position; the release means 7 accordingly takes up its release position. In this position, the switch button 10a of the auxiliary switch 10 is released and pressed out of the auxiliary switch 10 on the basis of the applied pressure, that is to say the auxiliary switch 10 automatically switches from its first switching state into its second switching state. Alternatively, the auxiliary switch 10 can also be directly actuated (pressed). The second switching state of the auxiliary switch 10 represents the triggering of the fuse 2.

Fig. 8 shows the button 17 in its lower position and gripping the return spring 16 and the trigger spring 14. The button 17 is pressed down for the purpose of restoring (activating) the monitoring. The reset element 20, which is fixedly arranged on the push button 17 and is moved (guided downwards here) from its rest position to its reset position, swings the pendulum 11 (hook 11a) back into its first position, in which it rests against the stop pin 21. This pivoting back by the restoring element 20 is effected by means of a lateral projection which is opposite the stop element 8, and the restoring element 20 is pressed against this lateral projection during the passage, which pivots the pivoting element 11 to the left.

The restoring element 20 is then moved back into its rest position by means of the restoring spring 16 supported on the release element 13. For this purpose, the spring constant of the return spring 16 must be correspondingly smaller than the spring constant of the trigger spring 14.

Claims

1. A protection device (1) comprising a fuse device (2) with a fuse; a signal element (5) which is led out of the safety device (2); a signal spring (6) which is fixed by the signal piece (5) in a first pre-tightening state and is released when the fuse is melted; and a stop member (8) against which the released signal spring (6) abuts, characterized in that: a release device (7) is provided, a stop (8) is arranged on the release device (7), and the release device (7) can be moved from a fixing position to a release position by a blocked signal spring (6), wherein the release device is provided with a trigger spring (14), the trigger spring (14) is kept in a second pre-tightening state when the release device is in the fixing position of the release device, and the trigger spring (14) is released when the release device (7) is in the release position of the release device; and a switch (10) is present, which switch (10) is held in a first switching state by the release device (7) in its fixed position and, when the release device (7) is in its release position, the switch (10) switches to a second switching state, wherein the second switching state always signals the fuse blow, wherein the release device (7) has a pendulum (11), which pendulum (11) is connected at one end to the release element (13) so as to be rotatable about the axis of the pendulum bearing (12), and a stop element (8) is provided at its other end remote from the pendulum bearing (12), which pendulum (11) can be pivoted from a first position into a second position by a signal spring (6) that is held against the stop element (8), wherein, when the pendulum (11) is in its first position, the trigger spring (14) is held in a second prestressed state by the pendulum (11), and when the oscillating piece (11) is in its second position, the trigger spring (14) is released by the oscillating piece (11); the release member (13) is movable from a fixed position to a release position by a releasable trigger spring (14); the switch (10) is held in a first switching state by a release element (13) in its fixed position, and the switch (10) switches to a second switching state when the release element (13) is moved into its release position, wherein the pivoting element (11) is a pivotable hook (11a) having a shank (11b), which at one end of the shank (11b) is designed as a pivot bearing (12) and at its opposite end as a hook (11c), wherein a stop (8) is provided at the free end of the hook (11c) and at a distance therefrom a projection (11e) is provided at the end of the shank, which projection (11e) rests on the support element (11d) when the pivoting element (11) is in its first position.

2. A protective device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the release element (13) can be moved from its release position into its securing position in order to pretension the released trigger spring (14); in correspondence with the release member (13) moving from its release position to its fixing position, a reset member (20) is implemented moving from a rest position to a reset position, the reset member swinging the swinging member (11) to its first position.

3. A protection device according to claim 2, characterized in that the restoring member (20) is moved to its rest position after the return of the oscillating member (11).

4. A protection device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the displacement of the resetting member (20) from its resetting position to its rest position is effected by means of a resetting spring (16), which resetting spring (16) bears on the release member (13) and has a spring constant which is smaller than the spring constant of the triggering spring (14).

5. A method of generating an electrical signal indicating that a protective device (1) is triggered, the protective device (1) having a fuse (2), in which a fuse is arranged in the fuse (2), wherein a signal element (5) leads out of the fuse (2), in which method a signal spring (6) is held in a first prestressed state by the signal element (5) and is released when the fuse melts, in which method the released signal spring (6) abuts against a stop element (8) arranged on a release device (7), in which method the blocked signal spring (6) of the release device (7) is moved from a fastening position into a release position, characterized in that: a trigger spring (14) held in a second pre-tensioned state by the release means (7) in its secured position, released by movement of the release means (7) to its release position; the switch (10) is held in a first switching state by the release device (7) in its fixed position and, when the release device (7) is moved into its release position, is switched into a second switching state, wherein the second switching state always signals the fuse being blown, wherein the release device (7) has a pendulum (11) which at one end is connected to a release element (13) so as to be rotatable about the axis of a pendulum bearing (12) and at its other end remote from the pendulum bearing (12) is provided with a stop element (8), wherein the pendulum (11) can be pivoted from a first position into a second position by a signal spring (6) which is held against the stop element (8), wherein, when the pendulum (11) is in its first position, the trigger spring (14) is held in a second prestressed state by the pendulum (11), and when the pendulum (11) is pivoted into its second position, the trigger spring (14) is released by the oscillating piece (11); and the switch (10) is held in a first switching state by a release element (13) in its fixed position and is actuated by the release element (13) moving into its release position or automatically switches into a second switching state when the release element (13) moves into its release position, wherein the swivel element (11) is a swivel hook (11a) with a hook shank (11b), which is designed as a swivel bearing (12) at one end of the hook shank (11b) and as a hook (11c) at its opposite end, wherein a stop (8) is arranged at the free end of the hook (11c) and a projection (11e) is arranged at a distance from it at the end of the hook shank, which projection (11e) rests on the support (11d) when the swivel element (11) is in its first position.