EP3246488B1 - Floor, in particular terrace or balcony floor, and use of it - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a floor, in particular a terrace or balcony floor, according to the preamble of claim 1.

A floor is e.g. B. from the EP 1 739 252 B1 known. The known floor comprises a plurality of planks, each having a rectangular cross section with two opposite longer sides and two opposite shorter sides, the boards running parallel to one another in a longitudinal direction of the floor and spaced apart from one another in a transverse direction of the floor. The planks are oriented in such a way that one of the longer sides when viewed in cross section, ie one of the "flat sides" of the planks, is directed upwards and these flat sides directed upwards thus form a walkable surface of the floor.

In order to keep the planks in their mutual arrangement and mutual spacing, the comprises from the EP 1 739 252 B1 Known floor further a substructure on which the planks are supported with their lower flat sides, as well as cross-sectionally W-shaped cover profiles inserted between adjacent planks, which are attached to the substructure on the one hand and on the other hand with lateral outer legs in corresponding grooves on the side surfaces the planks are used.

A problem with such floors, particularly when the planks are made from sawn timber, is their tendency to deform over time, for example caused by a "shrinkage" and / or "sagging" of the planks. Especially in the case of the EP 1 739 252 B1 known floor is also the material and manufacturing costs in connection with the required substructure and the cover profiles disadvantageous.

A solution known from the prior art in order to create a floor that is stable and free of deformation even over long periods of use, provides that the planks are oriented in such a way that their upward-facing sides are formed by one of the shorter sides of the cross-section of the planks, wherein to hold the planks in their mutual arrangement and in their mutual distance several the planks through holes rods passing through in the transverse direction and spacers penetrated by the rods are provided between adjacent planks.

This orientation of the planks can advantageously reduce the extent of any deformation phenomena. B. the particularly problematic bowl formation in known floor constructions is advantageously no longer visible at the top of the floor.

Such a floor, according to the preamble of claim 1, is from the EP 2 357 300 A2 known. This construction allows floors for external surfaces such as. B. balconies and terraces can be made much more stable, warp-free and long-lasting. In this case, no expensive substructure structures are advantageous.

The disadvantage is that from the EP 2 357 300 A2 known soil, however, z. B. a relatively high cost of materials associated with said orientation of the planks. Furthermore, the manufacture of this known floor is cost-intensive insofar as the spacers are provided in one piece with the planks and therefore have to be formed from a solid material by relatively complex milling (which also means a further increase in material expenditure for the material of the planks).

The EP 0 396 136 A1 shows a floor with a plurality of C-shaped metal profiles, each of which has an essentially rectangular cross section, and which run parallel and at a distance from one another. Upward sides of the metal profiles are formed by one of the shorter sides of the rectangular cross section of the metal profiles. To hold the metal profiles, a plurality of rods penetrating through bores in the transverse direction and spacers penetrated by the rods are provided between mutually adjacent metal profiles.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a novel construction for a floor of the generic type, by means of which a relatively large-area, yet inexpensive, stable and deformation-free floor over long periods of use can be created in a simple manner.

According to the invention, this object is achieved by a floor according to claim 1. The dependent claims are directed to advantageous developments of the invention.

In particular in the case of prefabrication of the floor or of floor modules to be assembled at the place of use, the time required to install the floor according to the invention is low. Depending on the structural conditions, long distances can be covered with the floor from support to support.

It goes without saying that the orientation of the screeds provided for in the invention as such is associated with a relatively high expenditure of material. However, it has been found that this disadvantage is ultimately more than compensated for in practice by the seriously increased durability of the floor according to the invention. In this context, it should also be borne in mind that, in the invention, the trapezoidal cross section advantageously reduces the material expenditure. In addition, in the invention, the means for holding the planks in their mutual arrangement and in their mutual distance are relatively easy to implement.

The floor according to the invention can, for. B. as a prefabricated floor module with z. B. at least 10, especially z. B. at least 20 planks, which reduces the installation effort at the site accordingly.

The planks can e.g. B. have a length of at least 2 m, in particular at least 3 m. For logistical reasons (transport), in particular in the case of prefabricated floor modules, a length of the planks of at most 20 m, in particular at most 15 m, is expedient. Depending on the contour of the desired floor area, the planks can have a uniform length or different lengths. The planks preferably have a uniform cross section over their entire length (apart from the points at which “bores” mentioned below are provided in the planks).

In a particularly preferred embodiment, the planks are made from sawn wood (e.g. oak, ash, larch, etc.). Particularly with such a natural material and when the floor is used outdoors, a relatively high tendency to deform is to be expected, which, however, ultimately has no serious effects for the user due to the construction according to the invention.

However, it should not be excluded within the scope of the invention that the planks are formed from another material, such as, for example, a wood-plastic composite material (for example a mixture of wood flour, optionally additives and a thermoplastic plastic).

The planks have a substantially square cross section with two opposite longer sides and two opposite shorter sides, which in particular also includes cross sections in which one or more corners are rounded or chamfered.

In the context of the invention, the terms “longer” and “shorter” (pages) are to be understood in relation to one another in such a way that each of the longer pages is longer than each of the shorter pages.

In a preferred embodiment of the floor, the cross section of the planks is in each case symmetrical to a vertical center line of the plank in question. In an optional further development, the cross-section of the planks is also symmetrical to a horizontal center line of the planks.

According to the invention, the cross section is essentially trapezoidal, the sides of the trapezoidal shape which are directed upwards and downwards in the base preferably running parallel to one another. Again, the inner angles of the trapezoidal shape preferably deviate from the right angle (90 °) by a maximum of 20 °, in particular a maximum of 10 °.

One or more of the corners of the cross-section of the planks can be rounded or chamfered.

In one embodiment, e.g. B. rounded or chamfered at least the two corners arranged towards the top of the floor. It can also e.g. B. all of the four corners of the cross-sectional shape of the planks be rounded or chamfered. As far as the dimensioning of roundings or chamfers is concerned, the cross-sectional area of the screed is preferably reduced by less than 5%, more preferably by less than 1%, reduced in comparison to the corresponding non-rounded or non-chamfered cross-sectional area.

In the following explanations regarding the dimensions of the individual planks, lengths measured in the transverse direction of the floor are also referred to as "widths" and lengths measured in the vertical direction of the floor are also referred to as "heights".

The width of the planks on their upward-facing side is preferably at least 2 cm, in particular at least 3 cm, and preferably at most 10 cm, in particular at most 8 cm.

The width of the planks on the downward side is preferably equal to or less than the width on the upward side. In one embodiment, the ratio of these two widths is in a range from 1: 1 to 1: 0.33, in particular in a range from 1: 1 to 1: 0.5.

The height of the planks is preferably at least 4 cm, in particular at least 6 cm, and preferably at most 15 cm, in particular at most 10 cm.

The ratio of the greatest width of a screed (preferably on the upward side of the screed) to the greatest height of the screed is preferably in a range from 1: 1.33 to 1: 3, in particular in a range from 1: 1.5 to 1: 2.

With regard to any rounding or chamfering at corners of the screed cross-section, the dimensions given here are to be understood by neglecting these rounding or chamfering (i.e. to be calculated as if there are no rounding or chamfering).

The (clear) distance between adjacent planks in the area of the upward-facing sides of the planks in the transverse direction of the floor is preferably at least 3 mm, in particular at least 5 mm, and preferably at most 15 mm, in particular at most 10 mm.

According to the invention, several bars are provided for holding the planks in their mutual arrangement in the transverse direction of the ground.

The rods can e.g. B. run exactly in the transverse direction of the floor, z. B. corresponding bores can be formed in the planks through which the respective rod runs. The bars preferably each run with a slight play (for example less than 2 mm) through the relevant holes in the planks.

According to the invention, spacers are used between adjacent planks to hold the planks at their mutual spacing.

The spacers can e.g. B. have a sleeve-like shape, so that when using the aforementioned rods advantageously like the planks can also be penetrated by the rods in order to reliably hold the individual spacers in their arrangement between adjacent planks. In particular, hollow cylindrical sleeves can be provided, the inner diameter of which, like the inner diameter of the bores of the planks mentioned, is adapted to the outer diameter of the rods, in order to provide a preferably small clearance between the rods and the sleeve-shaped spacers.

In the case of the embodiment variant of the invention in which sleeve-shaped spacers are used, each of which is penetrated by a rod, the bores of the planks are designed with a countersink in such a way that the front ends of the spacers are viewed to a certain extent in the transverse direction of the floor (e.g. 1 up to 5 mm) protrude into the planks, which further improves the stability when holding the planks in their mutual arrangement. The shape of the depressions is expediently adapted to the shape of the front ends of the spacers. In the case of hollow cylindrical spacers, a lowering with a recessed, flat surface is preferred, as this z. B. can be created after drilling the holes with a countersink.

According to the invention, the depth of the countersink of the bore is in a range from 0.05 to 0.25 times the width of the screed in the region of the countersink.

In one embodiment, the mentioned rods and / or the mentioned spacers are formed from a metallic material (e.g. stainless steel).

The transverse expansion (diameter) of the rods can be selected appropriately in accordance with the mechanical load to be expected when using the floor.

In one embodiment, the transverse dimension (diameter) of the rods is in a range from 5 mm to 20 mm.

In one embodiment, the transverse dimension (diameter) of the bars is in a range from 0.05 to 0.2 times the height of the planks.

A distance between the rods selected in the longitudinal direction of the base can also be selected appropriately in accordance with the mechanical load to be expected. In many applications, the latter distance between the rods z. B. in a range of 0.5 m to 1 m may be appropriate.

The rods mentioned can e.g. B. can be designed as threaded rods with an external thread in order to be able to realize, by screwing on a nut on at least one end of each threaded rod, a fixing bracing of the planks acting in the transverse direction of the ground with the spacers inserted therebetween.

If there are signs of shrinkage or other deformations on the planks over time, the floor can e.g. B. directed by a suitable tightening of the threaded screw connections. Particularly in the case of a symmetrical design of the floor with respect to a horizontal plane, it is also possible to simply turn the floor over after a long period of use in order to use the previous underside as the new top side.

In some applications it is desirable to have a vertical passage of smaller objects or e.g. B. of water through the gaps present in the transverse direction of the ground between adjacent planks avoid. In this case, corresponding, for. B. over the entire length of the floor filler or seals between adjacent planks are used.

In an advantageous other embodiment variant of the invention, the function of the spacers mentioned is simultaneously realized with such packing elements. For this, e.g. B. be provided that the packing using the rods mentioned, in particular threaded rods, are clamped or clamped between two adjacent planks. The packing elements can be provided in the area of the bars with corresponding recesses (e.g. bores) to allow the bars to pass through.

In a manner which is particularly suitable for waterproofing and is particularly advantageous in terms of material expenditure, the fillers are designed according to the invention essentially as profiles running in the longitudinal direction of the base (for example made of metal such as stainless steel or plastic), these profiles each comprising : a vertically running and recesses for the passage of the bars having web section, which preferably runs at least approximately in the middle of the gap between the adjacent planks, and horizontally extending profile sections arranged at the two vertical ends of this web section, which both the spacer function and the sealing function fulfill. The lateral ends of these profile sections can, for. B. directly on the adjacent planks.

In a variant of the floor, the accessible area is formed by the upward-facing sides of the planks themselves.

In another embodiment variant, the accessible surface is formed by separately produced cover strips, which are attached (directly or indirectly) to the upward-facing sides of the planks.

The attachment of the cover strips can, for. B. be accomplished by screwing and / or gluing to the planks. At this point, a structuring of the upward-facing sides of the planks in combination with a corresponding structuring of undersides of the cover strips can advantageously be provided in order to achieve a To realize (additional) positive connection and / or a contact area enlargement that is advantageous with regard to bonding. As such structuring comes in particular z. B. at least one longitudinally extending elevation on the upward side of the screed (or the downward side of the cover strip) in combination with a corresponding groove on the downward side of the cover strip (or the upward side the screed).

With regard to a simple laying of the floor z. B. on concrete or other solid substrates, for. B. height-adjustable feet can be provided on the underside of the floor. A variety of designs are possible for this purpose within the scope of the invention. In a particularly advantageous embodiment, the floor is provided with a plurality of adjustable feet, each of which comprises a vertically extending threaded rod which runs in the area of a gap between adjacent planks, is preferably provided at its lower end with a plate-shaped support part for resting on the ground, and has at its upper end a head suitable for gripping a tool (in particular e.g. hexagon socket, Torx or the like) in order to bring about a height adjustment by rotating the threaded rod, the adjacent sides on both sides of the threaded rod in the region of the downward-facing sides Bohlen a bearing plate rests on the downward-facing sides of the planks and is fastened there, and this bearing plate has an internally threaded bore with which a shaft section of the threaded rod is in engagement.

A preferred use of the floor is to use it outdoors.

In a preferred use of the floor, it is provided that the minimum distance between two supports (for example adjustable feet) of the floor is greater than 1 m, in particular greater than 2 m.

In one embodiment of the use of the floor, it is provided that, based on the support surface defined (“spanned”) by the position of the supports in at least one direction (for example longitudinal and / or transverse direction) of the floor, a self-supporting overhang of the floor also a cantilever length of more than 0.3 m, in particular more than 0.6 m is provided.

In one embodiment of the use of the floor, it is supported on two lateral edge areas in each case by a plurality of supports, a minimum distance between the two support surfaces defined by the respective supports being greater than 2 m, in particular greater than 3 m.

Fig. 1

eine teilweise Schnittansicht eines Bodens gemäß eines nicht-erfindungsgemäßen Ausführungsbeispiels,

Fig. 2

eine teilweise Perspektivansicht eines Bodens gemäß eines weiteren, nichterfindungsgemäßen Ausführungsbeispiels,

Fig. 3

eine teilweise Schnittansicht eines Bodens gemäß eines erfindungsgemäßen Ausführungsbeispiels,

Fig. 4

eine teilweise Schnittansicht eines Bodens gemäß eines weiteren Ausführungsbeispiels,

Fig. 5

eine perspektivische Ansicht zur Veranschaulichung einer Verwendung eines Bodens gemäß eines Ausführungsbeispiels, und

Fig. 6

eine perspektivische Ansicht zur Veranschaulichung einer Verwendung eines Bodens gemäß eines weiteren Ausführungsbeispiels.

The invention is described below using exemplary embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. They represent:

Fig. 1

2 shows a partial sectional view of a floor according to an exemplary embodiment not according to the invention,

Fig. 2

2 shows a partial perspective view of a floor according to a further exemplary embodiment,

Fig. 3

2 shows a partial sectional view of a floor according to an exemplary embodiment according to the invention,

Fig. 4

2 shows a partial sectional view of a floor according to a further exemplary embodiment,

Fig. 5

a perspective view illustrating a use of a floor according to an embodiment, and

Fig. 6

a perspective view illustrating the use of a floor according to a further embodiment.

Fig. 1 shows a floor 10, for example for laying on a terrace or a balcony, with a plurality of planks 12 made of sawn timber (here, for example, oak), each of which has a substantially rectangular cross section with two opposite longer sides 14 and two opposite shorter sides 16, wherein the planks 12 are parallel to one another in a longitudinal direction L of the floor 10 and are arranged at a distance d from one another in a transverse direction Q of the floor 10, and an accessible surface of the floor 10 is formed on upward-facing sides of the boards 10 is. A vertical or vertical direction is in Fig. 1 denoted by H.

Fig. 1 for the sake of simplicity only shows that starting from one in Fig. 1 the first four planks 12 arranged on the left edge of the floor 10. The actual number of planks 12 is in principle arbitrary and can be selected in accordance with the width of the floor 10 required in the transverse direction Q. For example, with a desired width of the floor 10 of approximately 2 m, the floor 10 shown could e.g. B. have about 30 to 70 planks 12.

The length of the base 10, viewed in the longitudinal direction L, can also be e.g. B. are on the order of one or more meters. The length of the soil viewed in the longitudinal direction L can be uniform, but can also vary when viewed in the transverse direction (planks of different lengths).

The planks 12 have a width b defined by the mutual distance between the respective longer sides 14 and a height h defined by the mutual distance of the respective shorter sides 16.

A special feature of the floor 10 is that the planks 12 are oriented in such a way that their upward-facing sides, on which the walkable floor surface is formed, are formed by one of the two shorter sides 16 of the cross section of the planks 12. Hence h> b.

The distance d between adjacent planks 12 is preferably chosen uniformly over the entire width of the floor and is z in the illustrated embodiment. B. 8 mm. The distance d is particularly preferably in the range from 5 mm to 10 mm.

If desired, cross-sectional corners of the planks 12, such as. B. in Fig. 1 also shown, be chamfered (alternatively rounded).

To hold the planks 12 in their mutual arrangement and in their mutual spacing d, a plurality of threaded rods 18 are provided which penetrate the planks 12 in the transverse direction Q of the floor 10 and, in the example shown, run exactly in the transverse direction Q through correspondingly arranged bores 20 of the planks 12.

Hollow-cylindrical spacer sleeves 22 are inserted between adjacent planks 12, each of which is penetrated by one of the threaded rods 18.

In the sectional view of Fig. 1 only one of the threaded rods 18 can be seen.

The threaded rods 18 are expediently arranged at a mutual distance in the longitudinal direction L of typically approximately 0.2 m to 1 m over the entire length of the base 10.

An optional special feature of the bottom 10 shown is that the bores 20 are each provided with a few mm deep countersink in their bore mouths, into which the front ends of the spacer sleeves 22 are inserted.

The arrangement of the planks 12 with the spacer sleeves 22 inserted between them is fixed or clamped by means of tension nuts screwed onto each threaded rod 18 at both ends thereof, of which in Fig. 1 one can be seen and is designated by 24 (as an alternative to using clamping nuts at both ends of a rod, one end of the rod could also be provided with a firmly attached "head" and only the other end with an external thread and clamping nut).

In the example shown, the accessible surface of the floor 10 is formed by the upward-facing sides 16 of the planks 12 themselves. If desired, these sides 16 can be formed with a structure for aesthetic reasons and / or in view of a desired slip resistance. For this come in particular in the longitudinal direction L continuous grooves, z. B. rectangular grooves, or z. B. a wave-like corrugation into consideration.

Another optional special feature of the floor 10 shown is that it is equipped with adjustable feet at desired locations, of which in Fig. 1 one can be seen and is designated by 26.

In the example shown, the adjusting foot 26 comprises a threaded rod 28, at the lower end of which a support plate 30 is attached (preferably rotatable about a longitudinal central axis of the threaded rod). The threaded rod 28 protrudes upwards into a gap between two adjacent planks 12, an external thread of the threaded rod 28 being in engagement with an internal thread of a bearing plate 32 which bridges the gap between the two relevant planks 12 on the underside of the base 10 is attached to these planks 12 (e.g. by a screw connection as in Fig. 1 ) Indicated. In the example shown, the bearing plate 32 has an approximately square contour. This construction enables the height of the adjusting foot 26 to be adjusted by a corresponding rotation of the threaded rod 28. In the example shown, the upper end of the threaded rod 28 is suitably shaped for this purpose for tool engagement, that is to say, for. B. provided with a hexagon socket or the like.

Due to the construction of the floor 10 shown and the connection of "standing timber" (planks 12) realized in this way, z. B. Exterior surfaces such as balconies and terraces can be made much more stable, warp-free and long-lasting.

In their connection, the upright woods have a lower tendency to shrink as well as less cupping and cracking compared to conventionally laid board goods.

The bottom 10 can advantageously z. B. as a prefabricated floor module ("floor mattress") in whole (to be joined together) units or webs made to measure.

In the following description of further exemplary embodiments, the same reference numbers are used for components having the same effect, each supplemented by a small letter to differentiate the embodiment. Essentially, only the differences from the exemplary embodiment (s) already described will be dealt with, and otherwise reference is expressly made to the description of previous exemplary embodiments.

Fig. 2 shows a floor 10a, for the sake of simplicity again only four planks 12a are shown and the arrangement of a threaded rod 28a is also shown in simplified form.

A significant difference between the floor 10a and the floor 10 already described ( Fig. 1 ) consists in the fact that there are no sleeve-shaped spacers (spacer sleeves 22 in Fig. 1 ) are provided, but instead a sealing and spacer profile 40a running in the longitudinal direction L is inserted between adjacent planks 12a.

Correspondingly arranged bores are formed in the profiles 40a for the passage of the threaded rods 28a.

Each profile 40a. Comprises a vertical web section 42a, which has recesses for the passage of the rods, which runs in the middle of the gap between the adjacent planks 12a, and horizontally extending profile sections 44a arranged on the two vertical ends of this web section 42a, both of which Spacer function as well as the sealing function. In this respect, the profile 40a in the example shown is a "double-T" or "I" profile. The lateral ends of the profile sections 44a lie directly on the adjacent planks 12a (alternatively, the profile sections 44a could also be partially recessed in corresponding grooves in the planks 12a).

Profile 40a is preferred, as in FIG Fig. 2 also shown, dimensioned and arranged in such a way that its profile sections 44a do not end flush with the upward or downward sides of the planks 12a, but, viewed in the vertical direction H, run within the gap between the planks 12a, so that on the top of the floor 10a corresponding "water drainage channels" are formed.

The in the example shown by Fig. 2 (as well as Fig. 1 ) existing symmetry of the floor 10a with respect to a horizontal central plane has the advantage that (e.g. after prolonged use) the arrangement of the planks 12a together with profiles 40a can also be turned (turned) by 180 °.

Fig. 3 shows a bottom 10b in one of the Fig. 1 corresponding representation, whereby in the partial representation of Fig. 3 again only four planks 12b are shown.

An essential difference between the floor 10b and the already described floors 10 and 10a ( Fig. 1 respectively. Fig. 2 ) consists in the fact that the individual planks 12b have a substantially trapezoidal cross-section, this cross-section again having two opposing longer sides 14b and two opposing shorter sides 16b, the shorter sides 16b running parallel to one another on an upper side (accessible surface of the floor 10b) and form an underside of the floor 10b, whereas the longer sides 14b do not run parallel to one another, so that a width of the planks 12b decreases from top to bottom.

In Fig. 3 a width of the planks 12b on the accessible surface of the floor 10b is designated by b1 and a width on the lower end of the planks 12b is designated by b2. In the example shown, b2 is approximately 0.5 times b1.

With the embodiment according to Fig. 3 is compared to the explanations according to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 advantageous material (for the planks 12b) saved.

Fig. 4 shows a part of a floor 10c, namely a screed 12c provided for forming the same, the floor 10c being formed by a row of a plurality of such screeds 12c as already described.

The planks 12c have a substantially rectangular cross section with a height h and a width b.

An essential difference of the floor 10c in comparison to the embodiments already described is that the walk-on surface of the floor 10c is not formed by the upward-facing sides 16c itself, but the walk-on surface is formed by cover strips 50c, which on the upwards directed sides 16c of the planks 12c are attached.

The cover strips 50c are glued to the planks 12c in the example shown. A structuring (here: longitudinal elevation) of the upward-facing sides 16c of the planks 12c and a corresponding structuring (in this case: longitudinal groove) of undersides of the cover strips 50c are advantageously provided in order to provide an additional positive connection and an advantageous one for the adhesive bonding Achieve contact area enlargement.

Since the cover strips 50c have a width b ′ which is greater than a width b of the planks 12c, the embodiment according to FIG Fig. 4 compared to the designs according to the Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 again advantageous material for the planks 12c saved. In general, a "lateral overhang" b '- b is preferably in a range from 0.75 to 1.5 times the width b (or if the planks in question do not have a uniform width b, the width of the planks at their upward side). A (clear) distance relevant to the user of the floor between cover strips 50c which are adjacent to one another in the transverse direction is preferably in a range from 5 mm to 10 mm. Due to the overhang of the cover strips 50c mentioned above, the distance between the adjacent planks 12c is correspondingly greater.

Fig. 5 illustrates an application example of a floor 10d of the type described here.

The bottom 10d is essentially like the bottom 10 ( Fig. 1 ) is built up, but height-adjustable feet are dispensed with and instead a direct support of planks 12d is provided on beams 60 running in the transverse direction Q (eg made of wood). The supports 60d are in turn each supported at their ends and, if appropriate, at other points in their course, on piles 64d (for example round logs made of oak wood) inserted vertically into a subsurface 62d.

Starting from the in Fig. 5 to the left "last addition" by the in Fig. 5 left support 60d is provided up to the left end of floor 10d a cantilevered overhang which is cantilevered by about 0.5 m.

Fig. 6 illustrates another example of use for a floor 10e of the type described here.

In this example, the bottom 10e is at its in Fig. 6 left end supported on a garage roof and at its in Fig. 6 attached to the right end of a house facade. Between these two relatively widely spaced support areas, a central area of the floor 10e, viewed in the longitudinal direction L, extends cantilevered.

Claims (10)

1. A floor (10), in particular terrace or balcony floor, with a plurality of planks (12), each having a substantially quadrangular cross section with two opposite longer sides (14) and two opposite shorter sides (16), wherein the planks (12) in a longitudinal direction (L) of the floor (10) are arranged running parallel to each other and in a transverse direction (Q) of the floor (10) are arranged with a distance (d) to each other, wherein at upwardly directed sides of the planks (12) a walk-on surface of the floor (10) is formed, wherein the planks (12) are oriented such that their upwardly directed sides are formed by one of the shorter sides (16) of the cross section of the planks (12), and wherein for holding the planks (12) in their mutual arrangement and in their mutual distance (d) a plurality of rods (28) passing through bores (20) in the transverse direction (Q) are provided and spacers (22; 40) penetrated by the rods (28) are provided between adjacent planks (12) are provided,
   characterized in that the planks (12) have a substantially trapezoidal cross section with a width (b) decreasing from top to bottom,
   and that the spacers (22; 40) are each sleeve-shaped and the bores (20) of the planks (12) are each formed at their bore mouths with a countersink such that end-side ends of the sleeve-shaped spacers (22) viewed in the transverse direction (Q) respectively protrude a little way into the planks (12), wherein the depth of the countersinks of the bore (20) is in each case 0.05 times to 0.25 times the width of the plank (12) in the area of the countersinks,
   or the spacers (22; 40) are each formed as profiles (40) extending in the longitudinal direction (L) and provided with recesses for the passage of the rods (28) in the region of the rods (28), wherein these profiles (40) in each case comprise: a vertically extending web portion (42a) having the recesses for passing the rods (28), and horizontally extending profile portions (44a) disposed at the two vertical ends of said web portion (42a), which perform both the spacer function and a sealing function and for this rest on the adjacent planks (12).
2. The floor (10) according to claim 1, formed as a prefabricated floor module with at least 10, in particular at least 20, of said planks (12).
3. The floor (10) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the planks (12) are formed from sawn wood.
4. The floor (10) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the internal angles of the trapezoidal shape differ by a maximum of 20°, in particular a maximum of 10°, from the right angle.
5. The floor (10) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the ratio of a width (b1) at the upwardly directed side to a width (b2) at the downwardly directed side of the planks (12) is in a range of 1:1 to 1:0.33, in particular in a range of 1:1 to 1:0.5.
6. The floor (10) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the ratio of a width (b1) at the upwardly directed side to a maximum height (h) of the planks (12) is in a range of 1:1.33 to 1:3, in particular in a range of 1: 1.5 to 1: 2.
7. The floor (10) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the planks (12) are formed from a wood-plastic composite.
8. The floor (10) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the walk-on surface is formed by the upwardly directed sides (16) of the planks (12) themselves.
9. A floor (10) according to any of claims 1 to 7, wherein the walk-on surface is formed by cover strips (50) attached to the upwardly directed sides (16) of the planks (12).
10. A use of a floor (10) according to any of claims 1 to 9 as an outdoor floor, in particular terrace floor or balcony floor.

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