EP3243119A1 - Dispositif optique pour l'illumination d'un dispositif de détection pour véhicule - Google Patents

Dispositif optique pour l'illumination d'un dispositif de détection pour véhicule

Info

Publication number
EP3243119A1
EP3243119A1 EP16700246.8A EP16700246A EP3243119A1 EP 3243119 A1 EP3243119 A1 EP 3243119A1 EP 16700246 A EP16700246 A EP 16700246A EP 3243119 A1 EP3243119 A1 EP 3243119A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
optical
light
sensor
microelements
sensor device
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP16700246.8A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Nadine Sticherling
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Huf Huelsbeck and Fuerst GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Huf Huelsbeck and Fuerst GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Huf Huelsbeck and Fuerst GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Huf Huelsbeck and Fuerst GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP3243119A1 publication Critical patent/EP3243119A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L27/00—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate
    • H01L27/14—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation
    • H01L27/144—Devices controlled by radiation
    • H01L27/146—Imager structures
    • H01L27/14601—Structural or functional details thereof
    • H01L27/14625—Optical elements or arrangements associated with the device
    • H01L27/14627—Microlenses
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W30/00—Purposes of road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. of systems using conjoint control of vehicle sub-units
    • B60W30/08—Active safety systems predicting or avoiding probable or impending collision or attempting to minimise its consequences
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B3/00—Simple or compound lenses
    • G02B3/0006—Arrays
    • G02B3/0037—Arrays characterized by the distribution or form of lenses
    • G02B3/0056—Arrays characterized by the distribution or form of lenses arranged along two different directions in a plane, e.g. honeycomb arrangement of lenses
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/20—Filters
    • G02B5/22—Absorbing filters
    • G02B5/223—Absorbing filters containing organic substances, e.g. dyes, inks or pigments
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/002—Specific input/output arrangements not covered by G06F3/01 - G06F3/16
    • G06F3/005—Input arrangements through a video camera
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/017—Gesture based interaction, e.g. based on a set of recognized hand gestures
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
    • G06F3/0304—Detection arrangements using opto-electronic means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/02—Details
    • H01L31/0232—Optical elements or arrangements associated with the device
    • H01L31/02327—Optical elements or arrangements associated with the device the optical elements being integrated or being directly associated to the device, e.g. back reflectors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/50—Constructional details
    • H04N23/51—Housings

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an optical device for exposing a sensor device for a vehicle according to claim 1. Further, the invention relates to a system with a sensor device for a vehicle according to claim 13 and to a method for exposure of such a sensor device for a vehicle according to the claim 21.
  • sensor devices for image acquisition and image reproduction z. B. used in vehicles. For example, sensor devices or sensor systems for monitoring a detection area outside the vehicle are used to detect the presence of a user and / or gestures of the user. Depending on a detected approach and / or gesture, for example, a function is performed on the vehicle, such as an authentication. In such Sensor devices is not the image reproduction for a user of a vehicle in the foreground.
  • a disadvantage of known solutions is that under unfavorable lighting conditions, detection is difficult or impossible. This increases the risk of misrecognition or misinterpretation of the gesture or approach by the sensor device.
  • high power consumption i.e., power and / or voltage consumption
  • the power consumption is increased and the response time is lowered.
  • An increase in photosensitivity also requires a more complex design with possibly more expensive components for the sensor device or the sensor system, such. As the use of larger pixels or the use of lighting elements. It is therefore an object of the present invention to at least partially overcome the disadvantages described above.
  • the invention relates to an optical device for exposure of a sensor device, wherein the sensor device preferably for a vehicle and / or for Detecting gestures of a person such as a user (of the vehicle) is used.
  • exposure refers here to the fact that the optical device directs or transmits incident light, that is to say in particular light striking the optical device, onto the sensor device, preferably in that the optical device controls the light path and / or the direction
  • the exiting light or the exiting light beam is thus changed by the optical device to the corresponding incident light or to the incident light beam with respect to the direction of propagation, for example by changing the incident light
  • the emitted or emitted light is thereby directed at the sensor device, whereby a targeted exposure of the sensor device takes place.
  • the optical device comprises an optical structure which has an arrangement of optical microelements, in particular microlenses, to focus incident light through the optical microelements and respectively direct them to sensor elements of the sensor device, the optical structure being such is formed so that the directed to the sensor elements light for light-active areas of the sensor elements can be concentrated.
  • the advantage is achieved that a larger amount of light for image acquisition can be used by the sensor device. Normally, ie in particular without changing the optical path of the incident light through the optical device, both light-active and light-inactive regions of the sensor device are illuminated to a similar extent.
  • the illuminated surface of the sensor elements which has no light-active areas, thus forms the light-inactive area, which can not be used (by exposure to light) for image capture and z.
  • electronics and / or a substrate comprises.
  • the fill factor is given in particular by the ratio of the area of the light-sensitive light-active areas to the (illuminated) total area of the sensor device.
  • the sensor device is suitable for a vehicle, in particular for a motor vehicle, passenger car, truck and / or motorcycle, and in particular for monitoring an outside area of the vehicle.
  • the monitored by the sensor device area forms at least one detection area.
  • at least one sensor device with at least one optical device can be arranged in the side region of the vehicle (for example on a B-pillar of the vehicle), in the rear region and / or in the front region of the vehicle.
  • a plurality of detection areas are formed which comprise outer areas for different sides or directions of the vehicle.
  • an approach and / or movement of a user and / or a gesture can be detected from different directions on the vehicle.
  • the optical microelements are designed as microlenses and / or the optical structure is designed as a microlens array and / or the microelements are arranged like a matrix.
  • a transition of the incident light from an outer medium (eg air) into the microelements takes place, wherein, in particular due to the refractive index of the microelements, a refraction of light or deflection of the incident light takes place during this transition.
  • the microelements are in particular refractive optical elements with a refractive index, which differs from the refractive index of the external medium.
  • the optical structure may be formed like a template, in particular rectangular or square and z. B. have a number of lines of 10 or 20 or 30 or at most 40 microelements and number of columns of 10 or 20 or 30 or at most 40 microelements.
  • the microelements are formed from an amorphous material and / or from plastic and / or have polycarbonate and / or acrylic and / or technical polyester and / or cyclo-olefin copolymers (COC) and / or a hybrid polymer.
  • the plastic is preferably heat-stabilized and / or UV-resistant.
  • Polyester, in particular polycarbonate offers the advantage that very transparent and colorless microelements can be formed, which have good dimensional stability.
  • a paint in particular in the form of a coating, and / or doping with a dye, the UV resistance can also be increased and the filter properties of the microelements can be determined as an optical filter.
  • the UV resistance can be further increased by a combination with polyurethanes.
  • Cyclo-olefin copolymers advantageously have a very low birefringence.
  • the microelements or the material of the microelements z. B. a transmittance of substantially 80% to 99%, preferably 92%, in particular in the infrared and / or near-infrared region, on.
  • the microelements or the material of the microelements can have a refractive index between substantially 1.4 to 4, preferably in the range of 1, 5 or 3.1, in particular at a wavelength of 633 nm and / or in the infrared and / or near-infrared region exhibit.
  • the microelements can have a numerical aperture of 0.01 to 1, preferably 0.5 to 0.85 and / or greater than 0.7 and a diameter in the range of 1 ⁇ to 5mm, in particular 10 ⁇ to 800 ⁇ and preferably in Range from 40 ⁇ to 200 ⁇ , and / or have a focal length of 0.3 mm to 60 mm.
  • the microelements can be designed as microlenses with a substantially spherical or cylindrical or plano-convex or biconvex or aspherical or parabolic geometry and a center thickness of 0.1 to 1.5 mm. As a result, the optical properties of the optical device can be optimally adapted to the sensor device.
  • the microlenses are preferably arranged adjacent to each other at equal intervals, and thus effect an optimal division of the incident light into partial beams, which are directed onto the light-active regions of the sensor elements.
  • the entire optical structure may preferably have a maximum width of 10 mm and a maximum length of 10 mm.
  • the radius of curvature of the individual microelements, in particular microlenses can be, for example, in a range of 1 mm to 30 mm, in particular in a range of 10 mm to 15 mm.
  • the divergence angle of the microelements is z. B. ⁇ 0.5 ° to ⁇ 2.5 °.
  • the lens spacing or distance of the microelements is z. B. 40 ⁇ to 300 ⁇ .
  • the Fill factor of the optical structure in particular of the microlens array, is preferably substantially 100%, in particular at least 90% and / or 95%.
  • the regions of the optical structure between the adjacent microelements may be further coated and / or modified to absorb and / or reflect light. As a result, a contrast increase can be achieved.
  • an optical filter is provided for the selection of the incident light as a function of the wavelength. Due to the optical structure, incident light is concentrated on the light-active regions of the sensor elements and the fill factor is improved. However, it may happen that under certain conditions, eg. B. during the day, too much light hits the sensor device and in particular is concentrated on light-active areas. Here it comes z. B. for overexposure and / or a technical evaluation of the image information is difficult because unwanted light dominates the image capture. To solve this problem, an optical filter can be used which filters out unwanted light (eg by absorption and / or destructive interference and / or reflection of the unwanted light).
  • the unwanted light is in particular light in a certain, undesired spectral range (eg visible light in the wavelength range from about 380 nm to 780 nm) and / or light outside a specific, desired spectral range (eg light outside the infrared range). which is still detectable by the sensor device.
  • the filtering out of the unwanted light preferably takes place to different extents for different wavelengths of the undesired spectral range, but in such a way that the optical filter has a significantly higher transmittance for the light relevant for image acquisition (the desired light in the desired spectral range, eg in the infrared range) as for the unwanted light.
  • the optical filter is integrated in the optical structure, in particular in the microelements.
  • the arrangement of a separate filter element, which z. B. is designed as a glass plate, may have the disadvantage that the assembly and / or calibration is possibly difficult and a lot of space is required.
  • the integration of the optical filter in and / or on the optical structure allows the formation of a very compact and space-saving as well as inexpensive optical device. Also, this increases the reliability and safety, since no separate structural separate filter must be provided.
  • the optical filter can be designed in particular monolithically and / or in one piece with the optical structure and thus form the optical device according to the invention as an (integrated) component.
  • the optical filter can thus preferably be formed by the microelements themselves.
  • the optical device according to the invention can furthermore be designed in particular monolithically and / or in one piece with the sensor device and / or integrated in the sensor device.
  • the compactness, in particular of a system according to the invention, which comprises the optical device according to the invention and the sensor device, can be further increased.
  • an optical filter for filtering predetermined wavelengths of the incident light, wherein the optical filter is designed in particular as an infrared filter to block preferably visible light.
  • light i.e., electromagnetic radiation
  • infrared range a wavelength range from about 700 nm (or 780 nm) to 1 mm, preferably from 830 nm to 10 ⁇ m and / or from 780 nm to 10 ⁇ m
  • the near-infrared or near-infrared range is the wavelength range of about 700 nm or 780 nm (which in particular follows the visible light range) down to 1 .100 nm of the light.
  • the visible wavelength range is in particular the part of the electromagnetic radiation visible to the eye, and preferably the wavelength range between 380 nm to 700 nm (or 780 nm or 800 nm). It depends on the intended use of the sensor device, which spectral range of the light is relevant for image acquisition. It has surprisingly been found that the light in the infrared range, in particular in the near infrared range, allows a particularly reliable detection of gestures of a user for the exterior of the vehicle.
  • an optical filter is provided at and / or in the optical structure and in particular is designed such that the light directed onto the sensor elements is substantially free of visible light.
  • the visible light is z. B. is suppressed such that the intensity of the visible light, which is directed to the sensor device (ie, the filtered light) to a maximum of 80% or 50% or 30% or 10% of the intensity of the incident visible light becomes.
  • the incident visible light is in particular visible light which is reflected back by an object (such as the user) in the detection area and impinges on the optical device. This effectively reduces unwanted visible light.
  • the optical structure in particular the microelements
  • the microelements are designed as an optical filter and in particular have a substance for filtering and / or are doped with a substance for filtering, which preferably absorbs visible light.
  • a substance for filtering which preferably absorbs visible light.
  • the substance may for example be a dye, in particular a synthetic dye, which z. B. visible light to at least 10% or 30% or 50% or 80% absorbed.
  • the substance is introduced into the optical filter, in particular into the optical structure and / or into the microelements, by doping and / or by injection molding.
  • the microelements have layers, in particular dielectric and / or metallic layers.
  • the microelements may have a (preferably metallic) layer which is designed such that a reduction of the reflection is effected in particular by a wavelength-dependent constructive and a wavelength-dependent destructive interference.
  • a plurality of such layers may be provided and thus form an antireflection coating. The surface reflection is thereby preferably reduced to below 5% and / or 2% and / or 1% in the (near) infrared range.
  • the microelements have at least one dielectric layer, which is designed in particular as an interference filter for wavelength-dependent filtering out of light.
  • the filtering of unwanted light through the interference filter z. B. effected by causing wavelength-dependent destructive and constructive interference.
  • the optical filter may thus comprise an interference filter (ie formed by at least one layer on the microelements) and / or an absorption filter (eg by absorbing Dyes in the microelements).
  • an interference filter ie formed by at least one layer on the microelements
  • an absorption filter eg by absorbing Dyes in the microelements.
  • the optical filter has exclusively an interference filter or only an absorption filter.
  • At least 10 ⁇ 10 ie a total of 100 microelements and / or 10 columns and 10 rows
  • / or 20 ⁇ 20 ie a total of 400 microelements and / or 20 columns and 20 rows
  • / or 30 x 30 ie, a total of 900 microelements and / or 30 columns and 30 rows
  • / or 50 x 50 ie, a total of 2500 microelements and / or 50 columns and 50 rows
  • microelements particularly in a matrix arrangement, in the optical structure are arranged, and in particular a corresponding arrangement of sensor elements are assignable.
  • the assignment z. B. 1 1, so that each microelement is assigned to exactly one sensor element.
  • the assignment z. B. also be done 1: 2, so that each microelement exactly two sensor elements are assigned, or 1: 5 or 1:10 or in any other fixed ratio.
  • a plurality of optical structures in particular microlens arrays
  • the fill factor of the sensor device is improved efficiently and the photosensitivity for the sensor elements, in particular pixels, is increased uniformly.
  • the microelements are formed from a plastic.
  • the plastic can z. B. be designed as a translucent in particular in the infrared and / or at least partially transparent and / or a glazed plastic. It can be provided that the refractive index of the plastic is between 1, 4 and 1, 6, in order to achieve optimum focusing on the sensor elements.
  • the microelements comprise acrylic and / or polycarbonate and / or epoxy resin and / or quartz glass and / or silicon and / or germanium and / or zinc sulfide and / or zinc selenide and / or gallium phosphide and / or gallium arsenide.
  • the microelements z.
  • acrylic glass ie polymethylmethacrylate
  • be formed of polycarbot whereby a particularly good transmissivity in the infrared range is given.
  • such a color formulation of the microelements can be provided that a non-transmissivity in the (total) visible light range and Permeability for (near) infrared light is made possible.
  • Epoxy resin also has a good temperature resistance
  • germanium has a particularly good transparency in the infrared range.
  • gallium phosphide When using gallium phosphide, a particularly advantageous transmission in the infrared range can be achieved, wherein the microelements can have a refractive index of at least 3.
  • a support in particular a support member is provided to position at least individual microelements and / or the optical structure and / or to attach to the sensor device.
  • the carrier preferably serves for stabilization and / or temperature-independent positioning of the microelements and / or the optical structure.
  • the carrier may have such a configuration that even with a thermal expansion of the carrier, the optical structure remains fixed at a same position.
  • the carrier and / or a compensation element of the carrier has a structure which directs thermal expansion in different directions and thereby compensates.
  • the carrier also allows, for example, a detachable or non-detachable attachment of the optical structure to a substrate and / or to the sensor device.
  • the carrier is z. B. on one side, on both sides (eg, on opposite sides) or on each side of the sensor device or the optical structure.
  • the substrate has, for example, glass and / or silicon.
  • a carrier in particular a support element, has at least one compensation element, which is formed on the optical structure such that thermal expansion of the carrier and / or the support element is compensated, wherein in particular the optical structure in the Thermal expansion of the carrier is held in a substantially same position by the carrier.
  • the at least one compensation element of the carrier has an angled structure, which is preferably designed such that a thermal expansion in a first direction of a first structure of the compensation element by thermal expansion in a (in particular opposite) second direction of a second structure of the compensation element is compensated. This ensures optimal image acquisition even under different operating conditions.
  • the invention is a system having a sensor device for a vehicle, in particular a motor vehicle, and at least one optical device for exposing the sensor device.
  • the optical device comprises an optical structure having an array of optical microelements to focus incident light through the optical microelements and in each case to direct to sensor elements of the sensor device, wherein the optical structure is formed such that on the sensor elements directed light for light-active areas of the sensor elements is concentrated.
  • an optical device according to the invention can be used for the system according to the invention.
  • the system according to the invention brings the same advantages as have been described in detail with reference to an optical device according to the invention.
  • the optical structure forms a unit with the sensor device and / or is integrated on the sensor device, and is preferably arranged relative to the sensor device such that light incident from the outside onto the optical structure and through the optical structure onto the sensor elements is directed.
  • “outside” is understood to mean the region from which light from the detection region is incident into the optical device, wherein it is conceivable that the system or the optical device according to the invention has an aperture and / or aperture, by the incident light
  • the optical structure with the sensor device preferably forms a structural, in particular one-piece, unit so that assembly is greatly simplified be connected.
  • the sensor device is an image capture device and / or an image sensor, wherein the sensor elements are formed as photosensitive pixels and / or arranged as a matrix and / or adjacent to each other.
  • the sensor device can have, for example, a resolution of at least 10 ⁇ 10 and / or 20 ⁇ 20 and / or 30 ⁇ 30 and / or 50 ⁇ 50 and / or 100 ⁇ 100 and / or 200 ⁇ 200 pixels, the pixels in particular are arranged like a matrix and preferably square.
  • the sensor device can have a photosensitivity (in particular completely) in the visible spectral range of the light and at least partially in the light Have infrared range.
  • the sensor device can be designed to perform time-of-flight images and thus measure the transit time of the (emitted and reflected) light.
  • the sensor device can be connected via a control and / or evaluation device to a light source, in particular a pulse laser. Further, the sensor device time-controlled, z. B. operated by the control and / or evaluation device.
  • the sensor elements in particular the pixels, have the light-active region and a light-inactive region, with only the light-active regions being photosensitive and / or being used for image acquisition.
  • the light-inactive areas, however, z. As electrical wiring or electronics or the substrate, so that it is not used for capturing light image capture.
  • the light-inactive areas are therefore necessary to enable electronic functionality and electronic reading of the pixels.
  • the sensor device can be designed as a one-dimensional line sensor or as a two-dimensional sensor with color-sensitive or monochrome pixels.
  • the sensor device as a CMOS (complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor) sensor and / or as a CCD (charge-coupled device) sensor and / or LDPD (lateral drift field photodetector) sensor is trained.
  • the LDPD sensor is described, for example, in the document DE 10 2009 020 218 B3 and can be read out particularly quickly.
  • the CMOS sensor has a straightforward, cost-effective design.
  • the CCD sensor is designed to be particularly sensitive to light.
  • the sensor device is designed such that the photosensitivity in the near infrared range corresponds to at least 80% or 90% or 100% of the photosensitivity in the visible range.
  • the sensor device preferably has pixels which convert light into electrical current.
  • the sensor device is electrically connected to a control and / or evaluation device, and in particular timed so controlled that time-of-flight recordings (ie measurement of the light transit time) are feasible.
  • a light source is used to measure the light transit time to emit a light pulse.
  • the light pulse illuminates z. B. the detection area and is reflected by objects, such as the user, reflected (and / or scattered).
  • the reflected light passes, for example, to the optical device and is directed to the sensor device. Based on the time between the emission of the light pulse and the detection by the sensor device, the distance of the object can be calculated. For this purpose, the detection is timed.
  • the pulsed control is preferably carried out synchronously with the pulsed control of the light source of the system according to the invention, in particular a pulse laser or an LED.
  • the light source is preferably designed as an infrared light source and has z.
  • frame rates of at least 1 frame per second or at least 3 frames per second or at least 5 frames per second or at least 10 frames per second or at least 20 frames per second or at least 40 frames or at least 80 frames or at least 160 frames per second are used.
  • one, in particular each individual, of these images consists of at least 15 or at least 30 or at least 40 or at least 50 or 20 to 1000, preferably 40 to 60, in particular 200 individual images and / or accumulations.
  • a clock can be used for carrying out the control (the sensor device) and / or recording the individual shots z. B.
  • a clock can be used.
  • the sensor device and / or the frame rate and / or the exposure duration and / or the control are monitored by a monitoring unit of the control and / or evaluation device, whereby preferably the control and / or the clock and / or the timing and / or power supply of the sensor device are monitored and / or regulated and / or controlled and / or synchronized.
  • z. B. an approach of the user or gestures are reliably detected.
  • At least one light source for emitting at least light pulses or a continuous radiation and an optical filter of the optical device is provided, wherein the filter characteristics of the optical filter are adapted to the wavelength of the light emitted by the light source.
  • an infrared light source is provided, wherein the filter is adapted to the spectral range of the emitted light.
  • a method for exposing a sensor device for a vehicle with an optical device is the subject of the invention.
  • an optical structure of the optical device comprises an array of optical microelements, and incident light is focused by the optical microelements and directed respectively to sensor elements of the sensor device, wherein the light directed to the sensor elements for light-active areas of the Sensor elements is concentrated. Furthermore, provision may be made for an optical device according to the invention and / or a system according to the invention to be used for the method according to the invention. Thus, a method according to the invention brings the same advantages as have been described in detail with reference to a system according to the invention and / or an optical device according to the invention.
  • the light incident in the optical device first passes through the optical filter, then manipulated by the microelements and then directed by the microelements on the sensor elements.
  • the manipulation of the light is effected in particular by a deflection, such that the light is concentrated on light-active regions of the sensor elements.
  • a filtering of the incident light by an optical filter is wavelength-dependent by absorption and / or by reflection.
  • the optical filter z. B. have dyes which have an absorption of a certain, undesirable spectral range of the light.
  • the dyes may, for. B. be incorporated in one or more layers of the microelements and / or within the microelements.
  • the reflection of the unwanted spectral range of the light takes place, for example, by at least one interference filter, which is formed by layers on and / or in the microelements.
  • the microelements concentrate incident light and direct and / or focus on particular regions of the sensor device, in particular on light-active regions of the sensor elements, so that the exposure of light-inactive regions is reduced.
  • the microelements are thus designed in particular as microlenses, the bundling of the light being due to the refractive index of the microlenses, which differs from the outside area.
  • the fill factor and / or photosensitivity is thereby z. B. increased at least by 1, 5 times, 2 times and / or 3 times.
  • a control and / or evaluation device wherein the control and / or evaluation device, the sensor device and / or a light source pulsed to carry out time-of-flight recordings controls.
  • the pulsed operation of the sensor device is a time-dependent operation, wherein the sensor device z. B. is switched sensitive by means of electronic switches time-dependent.
  • a light pulse has, for example, the duration of 30 ns to 300 ns.
  • the control and / or evaluation device serves in particular as a modulation source for the time-dependent control, and may alternatively or additionally have an evaluation.
  • the evaluation includes z. As a microprocessor and / or a digital signal processor, and z. B.
  • the control and / or evaluation device effects a gesture recognition on the basis of the image information of the sensor device.
  • a pattern recognition is performed.
  • algorithms such as a statistical pattern recognition, such as support vector machines or neural networks are used.
  • the sensor device to monitor a detection area located outside the vehicle in order to determine a proximity and / or a gesture of a user, wherein a function of the vehicle is triggered in the event of detection of proximity and / or gestures. Such a function may be, for example, an identification test, which z. B.
  • z. B. be possible that when detecting a specific gesture, a wake-up signal to an identification transmitter, which the user z. B. carries, is transmitted.
  • the identification transmitter receives the wake-up signal and then transmits a code to the vehicle.
  • Another function can z. As the opening of a tailgate and / or the opening of doors of the vehicle. It can be z. B. be provided that in the detection of a first gesture, a first function and in the detection of a second gesture, a second function is controlled.
  • control and / or evaluation device is provided for image acquisition of the sensor device, which combines a dependent of the amount of light number of images of the sensor device for evaluation.
  • the control and / or evaluation device can also be used to improve the image capture, being averaged and / or integrated by the evaluation, for example.
  • image captures it is necessary that the sensor device performs several image recordings, which are then combined to form a recording.
  • an assembly module with an optical device and a sensor device for a vehicle is the subject of the invention.
  • the optical device comprises an optical structure having an array of optical microelements to focus incident light through the optical microelements and in each case to direct to sensor elements of the sensor device, wherein the optical structure is formed such that on the sensor elements directed light for light-active areas of the sensor elements is concentrated.
  • an optical device according to the invention and / or a system according to the invention and / or a method according to the invention are used for the assembly module according to the invention.
  • the system according to the invention and / or the mounting module according to the invention has a housing and in particular with the housing is manually mountable on the vehicle such that the outer region of the vehicle can be monitored by the sensor device.
  • the mounting module may be configured to be installed in the vehicle so that a detection area of the sensor device extends at least partially in the outer area of the vehicle.
  • the housing may, for example, be designed to be arranged on a B pillar of the vehicle and / or on the rear area and / or on the emblem of the vehicle.
  • the system according to the invention and / or the mounting module according to the invention comprises, in addition to the sensor device and the optical device z.
  • the housing has an opening through which incident light can penetrate and hit the optical device.
  • Figure 1 is a plan view of the rear of a vehicle
  • Figure 2 is a view of an optical device according to the invention, which on
  • FIG. 3 shows an illustration of a construction of an optical system according to the invention
  • FIG. 4 shows an illustration of the structure of an optical device according to the invention and of a system according to the invention
  • FIG. 5 shows an enlarged schematic representation of a sensor device
  • Figure 6 is a schematic representation of the operation of an inventive
  • FIG. 7 shows a schematic representation of the structure of an optical device according to the invention
  • FIG. 8 shows a further schematic representation of the structure of an optical device according to the invention.
  • FIG. 9 shows a further schematic illustration of the structure of an optical device according to the invention.
  • FIG. 10 shows a further schematic representation of the structure of an optical device according to the invention.
  • Figure 1 1 is a view of an optical device according to the invention, a system according to the invention and a mounting module according to the invention and
  • FIG. 12 shows a schematic representation for the visualization of method steps of a method according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows a plan view of the rear area of a vehicle 1 is shown, wherein at the rear of the vehicle 1, an inventive system 200 with a Optical device 100 according to the invention and with a sensor device 10 is arranged.
  • the system 200 according to the invention is arranged on the outer region of the vehicle 1 in such a way that monitoring of a detection region 5 located outside the vehicle 1 by the sensor device 10 is possible.
  • the system 200 according to the invention and / or the optical device 100 has an opening or an aperture which is arranged on the vehicle 1 such that light can pass from the detection area 5 as incident light 2 through the optical device 100 according to the invention.
  • the incident light 2 is thereby deflected by the optical device 100 according to the invention or the light path is modified such that the light is directed onto sensor elements 10. 1 of the sensor device 10.
  • the incident light 2 is in particular light information, which emanates from an object in the detection area 5, such as a user 4.
  • the objects, such as the user 4, eg. Daylight and / or the light of a light source 7 is reflected back.
  • a distance detection is also possible.
  • the recording and the comparison of multiple images by the sensor device 10 further enables the recognition and evaluation of gestures of the user 4.
  • the image acquisition by the sensor device 10 by an approach of the user 4 and / or by a detection of an ID Encoder 6 is initiated.
  • a function of the vehicle 1 can be activated.
  • Such a function is, for example, an authentication process, wherein z. B. a wake-up signal is transmitted to the ID transmitter 6 via a radio link and / or an exchange of security codes wirelessly done with the I-D encoder 6.
  • FIG. 2 shows a rear view of a vehicle 1 with a sensor device 10 and an optical device 100 according to the invention.
  • the optical device 100 according to the invention can, for example, be arranged on a B-pillar of the vehicle 1 and has at least one opening to the outside area of the vehicle 1. It is conceivable that, depending on the optical device 100, a maximum image angle is predetermined, which determines the extent of a detection region 5. It may also be possible that a plurality of optical devices 100 according to the invention and / or a plurality of systems 200 according to the invention are also provided on the vehicle 1. For example, according to FIG.
  • a system 200 according to the invention or an optical device 100 according to the invention at the rear region of the vehicle 1 and a further optical device 100 according to the invention or a further system 200 according to the invention can be arranged on each side region of the vehicle.
  • the advantage is achieved that a detection of an approach and / or a gesture of a user 4 from each side of the vehicle 1 is possible.
  • FIG. 3 schematically shows the structure of a system 200 according to the invention.
  • the system 200 according to the invention is part of a mounting module 300 according to the invention.
  • the mounting module 300 is designed such that a simple attachment to a vehicle 1, z. B. in a dedicated receptacle of the vehicle 1, is possible.
  • the mounting module 300 z. B. a housing in which an optical device 100 according to the invention with a sensor device 10 and / or a light source 7 and / or a control and / or evaluation device 310 are arranged.
  • the mounting module according to the invention 300 z. B.
  • the mounting module according to the invention 300 electrical contact means, such. B. have connectors to make an electrical connection to the vehicle 1 or with a vehicle electronics of the vehicle 1 for power and / or data connection.
  • the control and / or evaluation device 310 preferably has electronics, such as a microprocessor and / or a microcontroller and / or an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) and / or a data memory. It is also conceivable that the control and / or evaluation device 310, a bus adapter such. B.
  • the vehicle electronics of the vehicle 1 may in particular include an electronic control unit 1 .1, which z. B. based on the transmitted from the control and / or evaluation device 310 information an authentication process or another function of the vehicle 1 initiated.
  • the control and / or evaluation device 310 is electronically or electrically connected to the system 200 according to the invention, in particular to the sensor device 10 and / or to the light source 7, in particular not one shown electronics of the light source 7 for driving a laser diode 7.1 is connected.
  • control and / or evaluation device 310 preferably controls a pulsed or intermittent operation of the light source 7 and / or the sensor device 10. It is, for example, a light beam or light pulse generated by the light source 7, then by an expanding optics 7.2 for illumination of a detection area 5 is expanded and emitted into the detection area 5. The emitted light is reflected back by objects in the detection area 5, such as a user 4, and impinges at least partially on the optical device 100 as incident light 2. The incident light is changed by the optical device 100 according to the invention, e.g. B. bundled and / or concentrated, and directed to the sensor device 10.
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic enlarged view of the optical device 100 according to the invention, wherein the optical device 100 according to the invention is arranged on a sensor device 10.
  • the sensor device 10 is embodied, for example, as an image detection sensor and preferably forms a common and / or individually mountable and / or monolithic component with the optical device 100.
  • sensor elements 10.1 of the sensor device 10 and / or the optical device 100 can also be arranged and / or fixed on a substrate 10.5 and / or on a printed circuit board 10.5 of the sensor device 10.
  • This component formed by the sensor device 10 and the optical device 100 forms, for example, the system 200 according to the invention and can furthermore have a housing 201 for mounting and / or protecting the system 200 according to the invention.
  • the optical device 100 can be embodied as a microlens array 101 and / or has a microlens array 101. Furthermore, an optical structure 101 or the microlens array 101 of the optical device 100 has a multiplicity of microelements 101 .1.
  • the microelements 101 .1 are preferably in the form of microlenses 101. 1 and are respectively assigned to sensor elements 10. 1 of the sensor device 10. In this case, in FIG. 4, each microelement 101. 1 is assigned to a single sensor element 10. 1, whereby other conditions are also conceivable.
  • Incident light 2 initially strikes the optical device 100 or the microelements 101 .1 and is preferably converted by the optical device 100 into a plurality of light bundles. In this case, each microelement 101 .1 can in each case generate a light bundle and thus the incident light 2 in each case focus on the microelement 101 .1 associated sensor element 10.1 or judge.
  • FIG. 5 shows an enlarged illustration of sensor elements 10.1 of a sensor device 10 (that is to say a section with by way of example 6 ⁇ 6 sensor elements).
  • a schematic top view of four (i.e., 2 columns and 2 rows or 2 ⁇ 2) sensor elements 10.1 of the sensor device 10 is shown on the right side of FIG.
  • Each sensor element 10.1 in this case has a light-active region 10.2, which (directly optically active) is used for image capture. This area is hatched.
  • the light-active areas 10.2 are photosensitive areas z. B. for converting light (especially infrared light) into electricity and have z.
  • the remaining surface of the sensor elements 10.1 forms a light-inactive area 10.3, which can not be used (by exposure to light) for image capture and z.
  • a specific region of a sensor element 10. 1 of the sensor device 10 is sensitive to light and can therefore be used for image acquisition. Usually, however, the entire area of the sensor elements 10.1 is illuminated, whereby a portion of the light remains unused. As a result, the filling factor and the photosensitivity with respect to the incident light 2 are lowered.
  • an optical device 100 is used on the sensor device 10 according to the invention. For this purpose, the incident light 2 initially strikes the optical device 100 or the optical structure 101, which may be designed as a microlens array 101.
  • FIG. 6 it is shown that the light rays of the incident light 2 are refracted by the microelements 101, 1 and are therefore deflected in particular in such a way that, as light 3 directed onto the sensor elements, they concentrate on light-active regions 10 the sensor elements 10.1 are directed or focused.
  • the illumination of the light-active areas 10.2 is increased or the illumination of the light-inactive areas 10.3 is reduced and more light information can be used for image acquisition.
  • the light refraction of the incident light 2 at the microelements 101 .1 occurs due to the refractive index of the microelements 101 .1 which differs from the refractive index of the material or gas (eg air) outside the microelements 101.1.
  • the optical device 100 can have an optical filter 102.
  • the optical filter 102 is embodied in such a way that wavelengths relevant for image acquisition (such as, for example, the wavelengths of a light source 7 and / or an infrared range) are transmitted and at least one undesired wavelength range, such as, for example,. B. visible light, is filtered out.
  • the filtering out z. B. on an absorption and / or by a reflection of the light in the unwanted spectral range.
  • Absorption is achieved, for example, by doping the optical structure 101 of the optical device 100 and / or the microelements 101 .1 with filter substances 102. 1, in particular dyes 102. 1, and / or having these filter materials 102. 1, as shown in FIG.
  • the microelements 101 .1 have at least one layer 102. 2 with the corresponding filter materials 102. 1 for filtering out.
  • the filter substances 102.1 are selected or designed such that absorption of the light takes place in the undesired spectral range or at the undesired wavelength through the filter substances 102.1.
  • the optical filter 102 and / or the filter materials 102.1 have in particular a refractive index and / or an absorption behavior which differs from the refractive index or absorption behavior of the microelements 101.1.
  • interference filters can be used, which are formed as at least one layer 102.2 on a microelement 101.1 of an optical device 100 according to the invention. This is illustrated, for example, in FIG. 8, wherein light of a first wavelength 2a forwarded and reflected light of a second wavelength 2b and thus filtered out. It is also possible for a plurality of layers 102. 2 to be formed on the microelements 101. B. is shown in Figure 9. This z. B. all layers 102.2 serve as an optical filter 102. Further, an additional layer 102.2, z. B.
  • a first layer 102.2a have a further function.
  • This function can, for. B. a reduction of unwanted reflections, so that, for example, a first layer 102.2a as an anti-reflection coating and a second layer 102.2b is formed as an optical filter 102.
  • the first layer 102.2a and / or the second layer 102.2b may each also have a plurality of layers in order, for. B. to increase the degree of filtering and / or anti-reflection function.
  • the anti-reflection layering has the antireflection function, and thus, in particular, can reduce the reflection of the incident light 2.
  • the anti-reflection coating z. B.
  • the optical filter 102 and in particular the first layer 102.2a of the optical filter 102 has a degree of reflection which is less than the reflectance of the second layer 102.2b and / or the microelements 101.1.
  • FIG. 10 shows a further possible embodiment of an optical filter 102 on an optical structure 101.
  • the optical filter 102 may be applied as a coating on the optical structure 101, so that incident light 2 first strikes the optical filter 102 and only after the transmission through the optical filter 102 to the microelements 101 .1 of the optical device 100 according to the invention.
  • the optical filter 102 may be formed as a separate unit, which is detachably or permanently connected to the optical structure 101 and the microelements 101 .1.
  • the optical filter 102 may comprise at least one layer, and in particular a plurality of layers, wherein the layers are at least partially formed as a frequency-dependent (interference or absorption) filter and / or at least partially as an anti-reflection filter.
  • a carrier 104 in particular a support elements 104 may be provided which z. B. on one side, on both sides or on each side of the optical structure 101 are arranged.
  • the carrier 104 serves for fastening and stabilizing the optical structure 101, wherein the carrier 104 is designed in particular in such a way that the optical structure remains fixed at the same position even with a thermal expansion of the carrier 104.
  • this will preferably effected by at least one compensation element 104.1 of the carrier 104 by means of an (angled) structure, which is preferably designed such that a thermal expansion in a first direction of a first structure of the compensation element 104.1 by thermal expansion in a (in particular opposite) second direction of a second structure of the compensation element 104.1 is compensated.
  • FIG. 11 shows a further embodiment of a system 200 according to the invention with an optical device 100 according to the invention, the system 200 according to the invention being designed together with a light source 7 as an inventive mounting module 300.
  • an additional optics 103 is provided, wherein incident light 2 is first deflected by the optics 103 and / or bundled and is then directed to the inventive optical device 100 through the optics 103.
  • the optics 103 may be formed, for example, as a convergent lens.
  • FIG. 12 schematically shows method steps of a method according to the invention.
  • incident light 2 first strikes an optical filter 102 of a device 100 according to the invention, whereby in particular visible light is blocked or filtered out and, in particular, visible light is suppressed, in contrast to an infrared light region.
  • the filtered light subsequently impinges on optical microelements 101 .1 of the optical device 100 and is bundled by them in such a way that the light is subsequently concentrated according to the third method step 400.3 to light-active regions 10.2 of the sensor elements 10.1.

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Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif optique (100), destiné à illuminer un dispositif de détection (10) destiné à un véhicule (1), qui comprend une structure optique (101) qui comporte un agencement de micro-éléments optiques (101.1) pour focaliser une lumière incidente (2) au moyen des micro-éléments optiques (101.1) et la diriger sur chacun des éléments de détection (10.1) du dispositif de détection (10). La structure optique (101) est conçue de telle sorte que la lumière (3) dirigée sur les éléments de détection (10.1) et destinée aux zones photo-actives (10.2) des éléments de détection (10.1) peut être concentrée.
EP16700246.8A 2015-01-06 2016-01-06 Dispositif optique pour l'illumination d'un dispositif de détection pour véhicule Withdrawn EP3243119A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE102015100069 2015-01-06
PCT/EP2016/050138 WO2016110514A1 (fr) 2015-01-06 2016-01-06 Dispositif optique pour l'illumination d'un dispositif de détection pour véhicule

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US (1) US10692912B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP3243119A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN107210310B (fr)
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WO (1) WO2016110514A1 (fr)

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EP3243119A1 (fr) 2015-01-06 2017-11-15 Huf Hülsbeck & Fürst GmbH & Co. KG Dispositif optique pour l'illumination d'un dispositif de détection pour véhicule
WO2023022932A1 (fr) * 2021-08-19 2023-02-23 Gentex Corporation Système de capteur universel pour commande de gradation automatique pour différentes sorties spectrales

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1569276A1 (fr) 2004-02-27 2005-08-31 Heptagon OY Micro-optiques sur optoélectroniques
DE102006040657B4 (de) 2006-08-30 2016-05-12 Robert Bosch Gmbh Bilderfassungssystem für Anwendungen in Fahrzeugen
US20080142685A1 (en) 2006-12-13 2008-06-19 Gazeley William G Integrated image sensor having a color-filtering microlens, and related system and method
DE102009020218B8 (de) 2009-05-07 2011-05-12 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Detektor und Verfahren zum Detektieren elektromagnetischer Strahlung und Computerprogramm zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
DE102009027372A1 (de) * 2009-07-01 2011-01-05 Robert Bosch Gmbh Kamera für ein Fahrzeug
US8377733B2 (en) 2010-08-13 2013-02-19 Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company, Ltd. Antireflective layer for backside illuminated image sensor and method of manufacturing same
EP2439716B1 (fr) * 2010-09-16 2013-11-13 Ricoh Company, Ltd. Dispositif d'identification d'objet, appareil de contrôle d'objet mobile doté du dispositif d'identification d'objet et appareil de présentation d'informations doté du dispositif d'identification d'objet
US9694764B2 (en) * 2011-12-09 2017-07-04 Flextronics Automotive, Inc. Vehicle electromechanical systems triggering based on image recognition and radio frequency
US10999561B2 (en) * 2013-03-15 2021-05-04 Vivint, Inc. Methods for using an image capture device integrated at a building entry with an automation control panel, and systems and devices related thereto
US9069080B2 (en) * 2013-05-24 2015-06-30 Advanced Scientific Concepts, Inc. Automotive auxiliary ladar sensor
US20150260571A1 (en) * 2014-03-11 2015-09-17 Texas Instruments Incorporated Time-of-flight (tof) receiver with high dynamic range
US9575184B2 (en) * 2014-07-03 2017-02-21 Continental Advanced Lidar Solutions Us, Inc. LADAR sensor for a dense environment
EP3243119A1 (fr) 2015-01-06 2017-11-15 Huf Hülsbeck & Fürst GmbH & Co. KG Dispositif optique pour l'illumination d'un dispositif de détection pour véhicule

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CN107210310A (zh) 2017-09-26
US20180012922A1 (en) 2018-01-11
CN107210310B (zh) 2019-02-15
WO2016110514A1 (fr) 2016-07-14
DE102016100220A1 (de) 2016-07-07
US10692912B2 (en) 2020-06-23

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