EP3235614B1 - Vorrichtung und verfahren zur herstellung von einschichtigen fliesen - Google Patents

Vorrichtung und verfahren zur herstellung von einschichtigen fliesen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3235614B1
EP3235614B1 EP17166604.3A EP17166604A EP3235614B1 EP 3235614 B1 EP3235614 B1 EP 3235614B1 EP 17166604 A EP17166604 A EP 17166604A EP 3235614 B1 EP3235614 B1 EP 3235614B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pressing
pipes
suction
water
mold
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Active
Application number
EP17166604.3A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3235614A1 (de
Inventor
Umberto Cipriani
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Longinotti Group Srl
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Longinotti Group Srl
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B7/00—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
    • B28B7/40—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels characterised by means for modifying the properties of the moulding material
    • B28B7/46—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels characterised by means for modifying the properties of the moulding material for humidifying or dehumidifying

Definitions

  • the invention refers to an apparatus intended to perform the pressing and water suction steps during the manufacturing process of tiles, namely single-layer tiles and to a method for pressing single-layer tiles.
  • a suction source is envisaged and it is intended simultaneously to sucks centrally the water through the filter below the pressing plate, and the water and the unfiltered sediment that settle in the perimeter movement gap between the frame and the plate.
  • a first advantage is that the flow rate of the vacuum pump is used to the maximum of its possibilities during the first suction step and with relatively low pressing values, whereas only during the final pressing step, suction is activated in the perimeter movement gap between plate and mold.
  • a further advantage is that the upper perimeter of the tile is not excessively dried.
  • a unit 1 intended for presses of the type used for manufacturing single-layer tiles starting from an underlying water-based mixture 2 contained into a pressing mold 3.
  • the unit 1 starting from the contact area with the mixture 2, substantially comprises: A pressing unit 110 movable with respect to the mold 3 and a filter 6 applied to the pressing unit next to a pressing surface 25.
  • the pressing unit comprises in greater detail:
  • the mounting of the manifolds 7 and 8 to the plate 9 is achieved by using screws 46A into the holes 22 of the plate 9, in such a way that the manifolds remain adherent to the plate 9 when only the filter needs replacing or they can also be removed occasionally when they need to be disassembled for a more thorough cleaning.
  • the second manifold 8 is obtained by a thin stainless steel sheet, having a fully perforated surface.
  • the collectors 7 and 8 are replaced by a sub-filter structure 78 created by the superposition of three or more, preferably four, mesh manifolds 7 suitably mounted in a pack and staggered by half a pitch so that they fit above one another, thus obtaining a substantially flat and compact structure.
  • structure 78 directly channels water to the various diagonal ducts 32, perimetral ducts 35 and to the four openings 34 of the corners.
  • two diagonal ducts 32 located on the right and on the left with respect to the geometric diagonals "d" of the plate can be extended with sections 37 beyond the opening 34 towards the corners of the mold.
  • the draining function of the plate 9 is facilitated over the entire molding or pressing surface 25.
  • the overlapping of the four above-described meshes creates a structure capable of withstanding without flexing in those wide water passage areas, next to the channels 34 and 35.
  • the lower surface of plate 9 was processed by using a centring slot 43 to house the two manifolds 7, 8 so as to form a pressing surface 25 which is substantially flat and devoid of roughness or discontinuities, which will contact the liquid mixture 2 during the pressing procedure.
  • the holes 33 on the second manifold 8 are also diagonally positioned, so as to let the water/air flow pass directly from the holes to the ducts.
  • the connection for the air/water passage between the upper and lower sides of the plate 9 is realized next to the upper housings 27.
  • openings 34 generally having an L shape, have been created and connect the bottom surface and the top surface of the plate, into which the ducts 32 of the bottom surface of the plate (e.g. four), centered on the diagonals, directly flow.
  • the extension of all other ducts 32 is delimited by four perimetral ducts 35.
  • the perimetral ducts 35 are deeper than the diagonal ducts 32 and flow into the L-shaped openings 34.
  • the buffer 11 is shown and equipped with first holes 23, 28 connected respectively to the suction system and the cavities 27 to allow the vacuum to get to the corners of the plate from where the filtered water is sucked, and additional holes 100 and 101, preferably four, in communication respectively to the suction system and with elastomer perimetral cavities 102 to send vacuum to the chambers into which the water and the sediment, pooled in the perimeter gap between the plate 9 and the mold during the pressing-squeezing step, flow.
  • the elastomer chamber 102 has an upper part having a semi-toroidal shape on both sides A and operating with respect to the buffer as a seal shaped as a loop.
  • the bag B of the chamber 102 forms a pooling area for the water and the sediment flowing into its end holes D through the holes of the plate 36A.
  • the housing B guarantees the closing between plaque and buffer, even when the sediment is stuck to the buffer surface in the area between the two toroidal parts A.
  • the entire perimeter profile of the chamber 102 has also preferably a diverging inclination C having an angle of approximately seven degrees with respect to the surface of the plate 9, in such a way that after inserting it into the plate, it is locked into place.
  • the suction system of the equipment comprises a pneumatic unit having a manifold 103 equipped with a coupling device 107, which receives the vacuum generated by the vacuum pump.
  • the manifold 103 has four outlets B1-B2-B3-B4, which are connected to four coupling points 23 of the buffer respectively, and which lead the vacuum in the pressing surface for sucking out the through filtered water through filter 6.
  • a valve 104 which is normally shut, for example a valve equipped with a pneumatically actuated plate 109, which, if activated by means of a suitable pneumatic control 108, allows the communication of the vacuum 107 with the ducts A1, A2 , A3, A4 connected to the four connections 100 of the buffer that are, in turn, in communication through the seals 102 and the perimetral holes 36a to the side edges of the plate 9 for the suction of water and unfiltered sediment.
  • the mixture 2 is measured out and poured into the mold 3, such molds have a cylindrical shape and the mixture is poured from a height.
  • the mold vibrate according to a well-known technique.
  • the pressing buffer is lowered so that plate 9 comes into contact with the mixture and perform the suction and squeezing steps aimed at obtaining the correct water stoichiometric ratio and the desired compactness.
  • the applied pressure will vary proportionally and progressively, and will have a lower pressure on the mixture in its initial step and a higher pressure during the final compaction step.
  • the operator may decide to trigger the vacuum in the manifold 103, and consequently under the filter 6, before the filter comes into contact with the mixture 2, or at the beginning of the squeezing step, by keeping the vacuum until the end of the pressing process.
  • the valve 104 is controlled upon opening 1-2 seconds before the end time of the pressing process, since the exceeding water in the mixture is sucked out when the specific molding pressure is low and thus the light specific pressure together with the high pneumatic vacuum facilitate the ascent of the water from the entire mixture and get to filter 6 and to the lower manifolds of the plate.
  • the compaction of the various components of the mixture is almost exclusively due to the strong specific molding pressure. For this reason, it is possible and advantageous to use only at this stage, even for a few seconds, part of the vacuum and the of flow rate of the pump via the valve 104 to trigger also the water and the sediment suction in the interspace between the plate and the mold via the holes 100.
  • the suction system is provided with two pumps with different functional characteristics that can be selectively associated to the central suction phase or to the side suction phase, for example a liquid ring pump for extracting water from the filter and a side blower pump for the side suction of water and sediment.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Pressapparat (1) für Pressen (P), die zur Herstellung von einschichtigen Fliesen ausgehend von einer in einer Form (3) enthaltenen Mischung (2) auf Wasserbasis bestimmt sind, der umfasst
    eine relativ zu der Form (3) bewegbare Presseinheit (110), die auf der Oberseite mit ersten und zweiten Rohren (27, 28, 23; 109, 101, 100) in fluidleitender Verbindung mit einer Absaugquelle (107) versehen ist,
    einen Filter (6), der neben einer Pressfläche (25) eingesetzt wird,
    wobei die Einheit (110) eine untere Fläche (24), die mit ersten Kanälen (32, 34, 35) ausgestattet ist, die entlang der Pressfläche (25) und in Verbindung mit den ersten Rohren (27, 28, 23) zur Absaugung von durch den Filter (6) strömendem Wasser verteilt sind, und Seitenflächen (106) umfasst, die ausgestattet sind mit zweiten Kanälen (36a) in Verbindung mit den zweiten Rohren (109, 101, 100) zur Absaugung von Wasser und Sediment, die sich in einem Zwischenraum (72) zwischen der Einheit (110) und der Form (3) angesammelt haben,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass er Steuereinrichtungen (103, 108) umfasst, um die ersten und zweiten Rohre (27, 28, 23; 109, 101, 100) pneumatisch zu trennen.
  2. Apparat nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Steuer- und Absaugtrenneinrichtungen (103, 108) eine gemeinsame pneumatische Rohrverzweigung (103) in Verbindung durch jeweilige Anschlüsse (B1, B2, B3, B4, A1, A2, A3, A4) mit den ersten und zweiten Rohren (27, 28, 23; 109, 101, 100) und ein Steuerventil (104, 108) aufweisen, um die Verbindung der ersten und zweiten Rohre (27, 28, 23; 109, 101, 100) selektiv mit der Unterdruckquelle (107) zu ermöglichen.
  3. Apparat nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, umfassend ein Saugsystem, das mit mindestens zwei Pumpen mit unterschiedlichen Funktionseigenschaften versehen ist, die mit den ersten und zweiten Rohren (27, 28, 23; 109, 101, 100) selektiv verbunden werden können.
  4. Apparat nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, der mindestens einen überlappenden Verteiler (7, 8, 78) in fluidleitender Verbindung mit den Kanälen der unteren Fläche der Einheit (110) umfasst, die mit einer Vielzahl von entlang der Pressfläche verteilten Löchern oder Durchgängen (33) ausgestattet ist.
  5. Einheit nach Anspruch 4, wobei der Verteiler (78) aus vielen überlappenden metallischen Maschen besteht.
  6. Verfahren zum Pressen von einschichtigen Fliesen ausgehend von einer in einer Form (3) enthaltenen Mischung (2) auf Wasserbasis, das einen Schritt umfasst, während dem die Mischung gepresst wird dank eines Pressapparats (1) vom Typ mit
    einer Presseinheit (110), die relativ zu der Form (3) bewegbar ist und mit ersten und zweiten Rohren (27, 28, 23; 109, 101, 100) in fluidleitender Verbindung mit der Absaugquelle (107) ausgestattet ist, wobei die Einheit (110) außerdem eine Pressplatte (9) mit einer unteren Fläche (24), die mit ersten Kanälen (32, 34, 35) ausgestattet ist, die entlang einer Pressfläche (25) verteilt sind, die mit den ersten Rohren (27, 28, 23) in Verbindung stehen, und Seitenflächen (106) umfasst, die mit zweiten Kanälen (36a) versehen sind, die mit den zweiten Rohren (109, 101, 100) in Verbindung stehen,
    einem Filter (6), der an dem unteren Teil der Gruppe (110) im Bereich der Pressfläche (25) eingesetzt wird,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es mit zeitlich getrennten Saugphasen des gefilterten Wassers versehen ist, wobei dieses Wasser durch die ersten Rohre (27, 28, 23) aus der Pressfläche herausgesaugt wird, und das ungefilterte Wasser und Sedimente durch die zweiten Rohre (109, 101, 100) seitlich aus der Platte (9) herausgesaugt werden.
  7. Verfahren nach Anspruch 6, das eine Anfangsphase des Pressens umfasst, gekennzeichnet durch verringerten Druck, während dem nur die Saugphase von der Pressfläche ausgeführt wird, und des Weiteren eine zweite Pressphase und abschließende Verdichtung der Mischung umfasst, während der die seitliche Saugphase ausgelöst wird.
  8. Verfahren nach Anspruch 7, wobei während der zweiten Press- und Verdichtungsphase sowohl die Saugphase von der Pressfläche als auch die seitliche Saugphase ausgeführt werden.
  9. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 8, wobei die Saugphase von der Pressfläche und die seitliche Saugphase in unterschiedlichen Momenten durch Steuereinrichtungen (103, 108) ausgeführt werden, die die ersten und zweiten Rohre (27, 28, 23; 109, 101, 100) pneumatisch trennen.
  10. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 9, wobei die Steuereinrichtungen einen gemeinsamen Druckluftverteiler (103) in Verbindung durch die jeweiligen Anschlüsse (B1-B4; A1-A4) mit den ersten und zweiten Rohren (27, 28, 23; 109, 101, 100) und einem Steuerventil (104, 108) aufweisen, um selektiv die Verbindung der ersten und zweiten Rohre (27, 28, 23; 109, 101, 100) mit der Unterdruckquelle (107) zu ermöglichen.
EP17166604.3A 2016-04-19 2017-04-13 Vorrichtung und verfahren zur herstellung von einschichtigen fliesen Active EP3235614B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITUA2016A002714A ITUA20162714A1 (it) 2016-04-19 2016-04-19 Apparato per la produzione di mattonelle monostrato

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Publication Number Publication Date
EP3235614A1 EP3235614A1 (de) 2017-10-25
EP3235614B1 true EP3235614B1 (de) 2019-01-23

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EP (1) EP3235614B1 (de)
ES (1) ES2723198T3 (de)
IT (1) ITUA20162714A1 (de)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113815095B (zh) * 2021-05-13 2022-10-18 福建群峰机械有限公司 抽水进气二合一的制砖机压头
CN113547612A (zh) * 2021-05-13 2021-10-26 福建群峰机械有限公司 密实制砖方法及砖

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS60253506A (ja) * 1984-05-31 1985-12-14 安藤　成雄 セメントモルタル成形品製造装置
ITFI20010104A1 (it) * 2001-06-01 2002-12-01 Longinotti Meccanica S R L Struttura filtrante per il tampone di presse per la produzione di mattonelle monostrasto di cemento con superfici filtranti ed attrezzatura
ITFI20110107A1 (it) 2011-05-24 2012-11-25 Longinotti Group S R L Apparato per la produzione di mattonelle.
CN104290179B (zh) * 2014-10-16 2017-02-22 福建省诺希科技园发展有限公司 一种抽滤注浆石膏模具的制造方法

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ITUA20162714A1 (it) 2017-10-19
EP3235614A1 (de) 2017-10-25
ES2723198T3 (es) 2019-08-22

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